练习 专辑7 阅读理解推理判断之预测文章走势 （教师版+学生版）

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1. 2021-2023年三年高考真题考点分布
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】近3年新高考卷对于阅读理解中预测文章走势的考查共计1次，主要考查：
根据阅读文章全部内容推断文章的未来走势。预测文章走势的方法：1.利用文章最后一段的内容，预测作者未来要写的方向；2.根据文章的第一段内容，预测文章的前面可能写的内容；3.理清文章的写作思路，把握文章的重要内容及写作方法是预测文章走势的根本。
【备考策略】系统归类预测文章走势的方法；熟练掌握阅读技能。
【命题预测】
学业水平考试的是高中生的毕业考试，高考是国家选拔创新人才的考试。学考和高考分开考的目的很明确。高考就是选拔性考试，通过高考英语试题，考查学生的推理判断能力和逻辑思维能力及品质是重要导向。
通过阅读理解中，预测后文发展的推理判断题是最具挑战性的推理题，在新高考命题中很可能会出现。判断依据是：我们中学课本中每个单元都有这样的阅读预测Predict what the text will be abut。因此，预测文章走势的推理判断题，2024年高考中将成为高考阅读理解的重要题型，应该倍加注意。
【2024年高考命题预测】
推理判断之推断文章走势考点是高考中可能考的考点。在当今高考的新改革时代，考查学生的预测推断是新课标中的要求，很有可能在高考中出现。预测在2024高考中，推断文章走势有可能在高考阅读理解中呈现。
【推理判断之预测推断题考点指南】
规律方法：
常见的设问方式：
1. What will be discussed further in the cming paragraph?
2．What may the researchers d next accrding t the last paragraph?
3．What wuld the authr mst prbably discuss next?
4．Where des the article g next?
5.What wuld the fllwing paragraph talk abut?
规律方法：如何解决预测推断题？
有些题目要求根据语篇，对事件可能的结局或下一段可能涉及的内容等进行猜测推理。做此类题目时，务必把握作者的写作思路，如文章可能按事件发展的经过描写，也可能按因果关系、对比关系来叙述，从而做出比较科学的、合情合理的预测判断。特别要注意文章最后一段的内容及最后几句话。
1. [2023·全国乙卷]
C
What cmes int yur mind when yu think f British fd? Prbably fish and chips, r a Sunday dinner f meat and tw vegetables. But is British fd really s uninteresting? Even thugh Britain has a reputatin fr less-than-impressive cuisine, it is prducing mre tp class chefs wh appear frequently n ur televisin screens and whse recipe bks frequently tp the best seller lists.
It?s thanks t these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britns are turning away frm meat-and-tw-veg and ready-made meals and becming mre adventurus in their cking habits. It is recently reprted that the number f thse sticking t a traditinal diet is slwly declining and arund half f Britain?s cnsumers wuld like t change r imprve their cking in sme way. There has been a rise in the number f students applying fr fd curses at UK universities and clleges. It seems that TV prgrammes have helped change what peple think abut cking.
Accrding t a new study frm market analysts, 1 in 5 Britns say that watching ckery prgrammes n TV has encuraged them t try different fd. Almst ne third say they nw use a wider variety f ingredients(配料) than they used t, and just under 1 in 4 say they nw buy better quality ingredients than befre. One in fur adults say that TV chefs have made them much mre cnfident abut expanding their ckery knwledge and skills, and yung peple are als getting mre interested in cking. The UK?s bsessin(痴迷) with fd is reflected thrugh televisin scheduling. Ckery shws and dcumentaries abut fd are bradcast mre ften than befre. With an increasing number f male chefs n TV, it?s n lnger “uncl” fr bys t like cking.
( )28.What d peple usually think f British fd?
A.It is simple and plain.
B.It is rich in nutritin.
C.It lacks authentic tastes.
D.It deserves a high reputatin.
( )29.Which best describes ckery prgrammes n British TV?
A.Authritative.
B.Creative.
C.Prfitable.
D.Influential.
( )30.Which is the percentage f the peple using mre diverse ingredients nw?
A.20%. B.24%.
C.25%. D.33%.
( )31.What might the authr cntinue talking abut?
A.The art f cking in ther cuntries.
B.Male chefs n TV prgrammes.
C.Table manners in the UK.
D.Studies f big eaters.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了英国的电视烹饪节目对英国人的饮食习惯产生了巨大的影响,很多人开始摆脱过去的饮食习惯,而且它也改变了人们对烹饪的看法。
28.A 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Prbably fish and chips, r a Sunday dinner f meat and tw vegetables.But is British fd really s uninteresting? Even thugh Britain has a reputatin fr less-than-impressive cuisine…”可知,提到英国食物人们想到的可能是炸鱼薯条,或者是周日的肉和两种蔬菜晚餐。人们通常认为英国食物不太让人感兴趣,给人的印象不那么深刻,即简单和普通。故选A项。
29.D 推理判断题。根据第二段中“It?s thanks t these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britns are turning away frm meat-and-tw-veg and ready-made meals and becming mre adventurus in their cking habits.”及“It seems that TV prgrammes have helped change what peple think abut cking.”可知,电视烹饪节目上的厨师们让英国人远离传统的“一荤两素”和现成餐食,并开始在烹饪习惯上变得更加冒险,电视节目似乎帮助改变了人们对烹饪的看法。由此可推知,英国电视上的烹饪节目很有影响力。故选D项。
30.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Almst ne third say they nw use a wider variety f ingredients(配料)than they used t…”可知,近三分之一的人表示,他们现在使用的配料比过去的种类更多。故选D项。
31.B 推理判断题。根据文章尾句“With an increasing number f male chefs n TV, it?s n lnger ‘uncl’ fr bys t like cking.”可知,随着越来越多的男厨师出现在电视上,男孩喜欢烹饪已经不再是“不酷”的事了。由此可推知,接下来作者可能会接着讨论电视节目上的男厨师们。故选B项。
2.【广东省茂名市五校联盟第二次联考】
"Hell!" Yu type int the chat bx. There's a slight feeling f excitement flwing thrugh yur fingers, and yu can't wait fr a reply. Yu think, "There's prbably nthing mre exciting than this."
With cmmunicatin frm all crners f the wrld pssible at the ease f yur fingers, we are nw witness t an advanced frm f the hand shake and physical cnversatins: nline friendships.
Alarmingly, accrding t Internet Safety 101, almst half f yung adult users have received upsetting messages, with 92 percent psting their wn real names and identificatin nline and 58 percent thinking it desn't cause cncern. And thugh sme parents may be biting their fingernails in fear right nw, mre than half f the yuth have admitted t making their friends nline and a gd majrity regularly text them.
Thugh the statistics are daunting, we hpe, we haven't scared yu ff! Researchers actually fund that pursuing nline friendships culd be beneficial. Penn State University reprted that this was especially the case fr thse with scial anxiety, as they might frm a strnger cmfrt bnd with their peers thrugh the screen rather than a face-t-face meeting.
Additinally, nline interactin may increase yur self-cnfidence. In ur current situatin f islatin, perhaps that perfect cnnectin frm the safety f ur hmes is all it takes t make things just a little mre bearable.
In the end, it all depends n yu. Whether r nt yur search fr a friend bears fruit lies in yur apprach, and thugh I'm nt a great relatinship master, I have sme tips that will aid yu in yur explratin fr the "BFF" f yur dreams.
1．What can we infer frm the third paragraph?
A．The yuth ften meet nline friends in reality.
B．Mst Internet users like texting t their nline friends.
C．Many parents like biting fingernails when wrried.
D．Mst yung adults lack awareness f Internet safety.
2．Which can replace the underlined wrd "daunting" in Paragraph 4?
A．Disappinting.B．Misleading.C．Frightening.D．Dissatisfying.
3．What's the authr's attitude t making friends n the Internet?
A．Objective.B．Supprtive.C．Negative.D．Unclear.
4．What d yu think the text will talk abut next?
A．Hw t get n well with nline friends.B．Hw t find nline best friends.
C．Hw t keep in tuch with nline friends.D．Hw t benefit frm dream nline friends.
【答案】1．D2．C3．A4．B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过场景描写引入本文话题——网上交友。首先陈述了很多年轻人网上交友的现状以及家长对此的担忧，然后通过一个研究证明，网上交友也是有益的。
1．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Alarmingly, accrding t Internet Safety 101, almst half f yung adult users have received upsetting messages, with 92 percent psting their wn real names and identificatin nline and 58 percent thinking it desn't cause cncern. (据“网络安全101”调查显示，令人担忧的是，近一半的年轻成年用户曾收到过令人不快的信息，其中92%的人曾在网上发布过实名和身份信息，58%的人认为这没什么可担心的)”可推断，大多数年轻人缺乏互联网安全意识。故选D。
2．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Alarmingly, accrding t Internet Safety 101, almst half f yung adult users have received upsetting messages, with 92 percent psting their wn real names and identificatin nline and 58 percent thinking it desn't cause cncern. (据“网络安全101”调查显示，令人担忧的是，近一半的年轻成年用户曾收到过令人不快的信息，其中92%的人曾在网上发布过实名和身份信息，58%的人认为这没什么可担心的)”以及画线词后文“we hpe, we haven't scared yu ff! (我们希望我们没有把你吓跑)”可知，数据表明大多数年轻人缺乏互联网安全意识，可见这些数据是令人害怕的。A. Disappinting.令人失望的；B. Misleading.误导的；C. Frightening.令人害怕的；D. Dissatisfying.令人不满意的。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Alarmingly, accrding t Internet Safety 101, almst half f yung adult users have received upsetting messages, with 92 percent psting their wn real names and identificatin nline and 58 percent thinking it desn't cause cncern. (据“网络安全101”调查显示，令人担忧的是，近一半的年轻成年用户曾收到过令人不快的信息，其中92%的人曾在网上发布过实名和身份信息，58%的人认为这没什么可担心的)”以及第四段中“Researchers actually fund that pursuing nline friendships culd be beneficial. Penn State University reprted that this was especially the case fr thse with scial anxiety, as they might frm a strnger cmfrt bnd with their peers thrugh the screen rather than a face-t-face meeting.(研究人员实际上发现，追求网络友谊可能是有益的。宾夕法尼亚州立大学报告称，这对那些有社交焦虑的人来说尤其如此，因为他们可能会通过屏幕与同龄人形成更强的舒适联系，而不是面对面的见面)”以及通读全文可知，文章介绍了网上交友的缺点和优点，表述客观，无明显个人情感倾向，所以是客观的。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Whether r nt yur search fr a friend bears fruit lies in yur apprach, and thugh I'm nt a great relatinship master, I have sme tips that will aid yu in yur explratin fr the "BFF" f yur dreams. (你寻找朋友的过程是否有结果取决于你的方法，虽然我不是一个很好的人际关系专家，但我有一些建议可以帮助你探索你梦想中的“最好的朋友”)”可推知，文章接下来会给出一些关于如何在网上找好朋友的建议。故选B。
【2023届山西省长治市部分学校高三下学期三模联合考试】
One f the things that we expect frm the cean is is deep blue clr that reflects the sky. Scientists at UC San Dieg Institutin f Oceangraphy alng with scientists at the University f Washingtn have been experimenting with dyeing (染) the cean at San Dieg beach pink. What culd they pssibly be up t?
This is being dne fr a study that examines hw freshwater utflws are cmbining with the cean surf zne. The experiment is called Plumes in Nearshre Cnditins (PiNC).“I’m excited because this research hasn’t been dne befre and it’s a unique experiment,” said Sarah Giddings, a castal ceangrapher leading the study. “The aim is t understand hw freshwater interacts with waves, since it is usually warmer than cean water and mre buyant (有浮力的).”
The freshwater is dyed pink s that the team can easily keep track f it when freshwater is added t the seawater. The dye is envirnmentally friendly and is then sptted as it makes prgress in the water. It is tracked by sensrs n ples that are lcated alng the sand as well as by drnes (无人机). There’s als a jet ski with a flurmeter that tracks the light that is given ut frm the pink dye. The sensrs utside f the surf zne recrd the height f the waves, cean currents and temperature. There are three planned dye releases as f nw, and researchers are hping that this pink dye experiment will help them recrd mre abut hw pllutants travel in the cean water thrugh these additins f freshwater.
Giddings explained: “We’re bringing tgether different peple with different expertise, such that I think it’s ging t have sme great results and impacts. We’ll cmbine results frm this experiment with an lder field study and cmputer mdels that will allw us t make prgress n understanding hw the dyed freshwater spread.”
28．What is the purpse f Plumes in Nearshre Cnditins?
A．T intrduce the benefits f dyeing the cean.
B．T study hw freshwater cmbines with seawater.
C．T prve that freshwater is much warmer than seawater.
D．T examine the impact f freshwater n the cean surf zne.
29．Why is the pink dye used by the team?
A．It is easier t be recgnized by them.
B．It can effectively catch the sunlight.
C．It is the nly ec-friendly dye.
D．It can actively cperate with sensrs.
30．Which f the fllwing is expected t recrd in the experiment?
A．The time f cean currents.
B．The pwer f the waves.
C．The change f temperature.
D．The travel f pllutants.
31．What will researchers prbably d next?
A．Build mre scientific cmputer mdels.
B．Experiment with dyes f different clrs.
C．Make a further research int the results.
D．Discuss the results with different experts.
【答案】28．B 29．A 30．D 31．C
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学家们为了研究淡水汇入大海后的流向及产生的影响，将淡水染成粉红色。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段的“This is being dne fr a study that examines hw freshwater utflws are cmbining with the cean surf zne.(这是为了一项研究，研究淡水流出是如何与海洋冲浪带结合的)”和“The aim is t understand hw freshwater interacts with waves, since it is usually warmer than cean water and mre buyant(有浮力的).(研究的目的是了解淡水是如何与波浪相互作用的，因为淡水通常比海水更温暖，浮力更强)”可知，科学家实验的目的是研究淡水如何汇入海水和汇入之后的流向。故选B项。
29．细节理解题。根据第三段的“The freshwater is dyed pink s that the team can easily keep track f it when freshwater are added t the seawater. The dye is envirnmentally friendly and is then sptted as it makes prgress in the water.(淡水被染成粉红色，这样当淡水被添加到海水中时，研究小组就可以很容易地追踪到它。这种染料是环保的，当它在水中移动时就会被发现)”可知，淡水染成粉红色的原因是它更容易被识别和跟踪。故选A项。
30．细节理解题。根据第三段的“The sensrs utside f the surf zne recrd the height f the waves, cean currents and temperature. There are three planned dye releases as f nw, and researchers are hping that this pink dye experiment will help them recrd mre abut hw pllutants travel in the cean water thrugh these additins f freshwater.(冲浪区外的传感器记录海浪的高度、洋流和温度。目前已经计划了三次染料的释放，研究人员希望这个粉色染料实验将帮助他们更多地记录污染物是如何通过这些增加的淡水在海水中传播的)”可知，传感器记录了浪高、洋流、水温，便于研究者通过实验了解污染物的流向。故选D项。
31．推理判断题。根据第四段的“We will cmbine results frm this experiment with an lder field study and cmputer mdels that will allw us t make prgress n understanding hw the dyed freshwater spread.(我们将把这个实验的结果与一个较早的实地研究和计算机模型结合起来，这将使我们能够进一步了解染红的淡水是如何传播的)”推知，科学家们将结合之前的研究数据，继续深入研究有关淡水的流向。故选C项。
基础过关
（最新模拟试题演练）
1.【2023届安徽省皖南八校高三第三次大联考】
Mdern life is full f things that can influence yur ability t be sensitive and respnsive t yur child. These include extra wrk, lack f sleep, and things like mbile devices. Sme experts are cncerned abut the effects that these things trigger ff n emtinal bnding and children’s language develpment, scial interactin, and safety.
If parents are incnsistently available, kids can get distressed(苦恼的)and feel hurt, rejected, r ignred. They may have mre emtinal utbursts and feel alne. They may even stp trying t cmpete fr their parent’s attentin and start t lse emtinal cnnectins t their parents.
“There are times when kids really d need yur attentin and want yur recgnitin. Parents need t cmmunicate that their kids are valuable and imprtant, and children need t knw that parents care what they’re ding,” explains Crnic, a psychlgist. “Kids start t regulate their wn emtins and behavir arund age three. Up until then, they depend mre n yu t help them regulate their emtins, whether t calm them r help get them excited,” he adds.
Dr. Carl Metzler, wh studies parenting at the Oregn Research Institute, explains, “They’re watching yu t see hw yu d it and listening t hw yu talk t them abut it. Parents need t be gd self-regulatrs. Yu’re nt nly trying t regulate yur wn emtins in the mment, but helping yur child learn t manage their emtins and behavir. It can be tugh t respnd t yur kids with sensitivity during tantrums(精神痛苦), arguments, r ther challenging times. If parents respnd by being bad-tempered r aggressive(攻击性的)themselves, children can cpy that behavir, and a negative cycle then cntinues t upgrade.”
As kids becme better at managing their feelings and behavir, it’s imprtant t help them develp cping skills, like active prblem slving. Such skills can help them feel cnfident in handling what cmes their way.
12．Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrds “trigger ff”?
A．Set ff.B．Burst int.
C．Cnsist f.D．Dive fr.
13．Why des Metzler think it tugh t respnd t kids sensitively in Paragraph 4?
A．Because kids are unable t make ut their parents’ arguments.
B．Because parents are t sensitive t train kids t be aggressive.
C．Because kids can nt cpy their parents’ behavir n these ccasins.
D．Because parents have t cntrl their feelings and teach it t their kids.
14．What’s the text mainly abut?
A．Parents shuld nt be bad-tempered in frnt f their kids.
B．Parents shuld cnsistently develp their prblem slving skills.
C．Parents shuld engage with kids and respnd t them psitively.
D．Parents shuld cntinuusly upgrade their language and emtins.
15．What will the writer prbably talk abut next?
A．The way t train kids t be cnfident.
B．The way t train kids’ abilities t deal with matters.
C．The way t train kids t self-regulate their emtins.
D．The way t train kids’ abilities t be sensitive and respnsibe.
【答案】12．A 13．D 14．C 15．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲了父母要与孩子建立密切的联系并积极地影响孩子。
12．词义猜测题。根据第一自然段“Mdern life is full f things that can influence yur ability t be sensitive and respnsive t yur child. These include extra wrk, lack f sleep, and things like mbile devices. Sme experts are cncerned abut the effects that these things trigger ff n emtinal bnding and children’s language develpment, scial interactin, and safety. (现代生活中充满了会影响你对孩子敏感和反应能力的事情。其中包括额外的工作、睡眠不足以及移动设备等。一些专家担心这些事情会对情感纽带、儿童语言发展、社交和安全trigger ff影响。)”可知，本段主要讲述了影响父母理解、体恤孩子并积极回应孩子能力的事物及其所引发的后果。划线词所在句为定语从句，意为“这些事物所产生的影响”，修饰effects，由此可推知，画线短语与A项“set ff(引起)”意思相近。故选A。
13．细节理解题。根据第四自然段“Parents need t be gd self-regulatrs. Yu’re nt nly trying t regulate yur wn emtins in the mment, but helping yur child learn t manage their emtins and behavir. It can be tugh t respnd t yur kids with sensitivity during tantrums(精神痛苦), arguments, r ther challenging times. (父母需要成为良好的自我调节者。你不仅试图在当下调节自己的情绪，还帮助孩子学会管理自己的情绪和行为。在孩子发脾气、争吵或其他具有挑战性的时候，你很难以敏感的态度回应他们。)”可知， 在第4段中，Metzler 认为对孩子们做出敏感的回应很困难，这是因为父母在这些时候不仅要自我调节情绪，还要帮助孩子学会管控情绪和行为。故选D。
14．主旨大意题。本文首段和第二段提出了现代生活中的一些事物会影响父母与孩子建立密切的联系并回应孩子，以及由此而引发的对孩子的负面影响；第三段讲述了孩子的成长过程中需要父母的陪伴与认同；第四段讲述了孩子在情绪和行为方面会效仿父母以及父母应当避免负面的情绪和行为被孩子效仿；末段讲述了父母还应教会孩子解决实际问题的技能。由此可知，文章主要讲了父母应该与孩子互动，并积极回应他们。故选C。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“As kids becme better at managing their feelings and behavir, it’s imprtant t help them develp cping skills, like active prblem slving. Such skills can help them feel cnfident in handling what cmes their way.(随着孩子们越来越善于管理自己的情绪和行为，帮助他们发展应对技能是很重要的，比如积极主动地解决问题。这样的技能可以帮助他们在处理自己面临的问题时感到自信。)”可知，此处讲述了父母帮助孩子发展解决问题的技能很重要，由此可推测，作者接下来会谈及如何培养孩子解决实际问题的技能。故选B。
,2，【2023届海南省海南中学、海口一中 、文吕中学、嘉积中学高三4月联考】
Every time I stare at the rws f jars filled with my parents’ hmemade tmat sauce, I wnder: “Shuld I really use ne?”
I have been keeping these jars like precius treasures. N matter hw hard I try t find alternatives, nthing cmpares. Stre-bught sauce? It just desn’t taste right. Even if I try t recreate it, it will never taste the same.
While grwing up, I hated the tmat seasn. My parents wuld use the basement t ripen the tmates they had cllected lcally in September. Like the ther Italian families in the area, we wuld then take them t the garage when they were ripe enugh. There they were cleaned and biled.
Having been stewed (炖), whle tmates were passed thrugh my father’s hmemade machine t separate the sauce frm the skins. Jars at the ready, we filled them with sauce and seasning. The jars wuld be ht fr a few days, sealed t keep their wn heat. They wuld then be lined up and ready t use.
This traditin was hard t carry n when my father gt ill. After being diagnsed with cancer in 2019, he spent mst f his time in hspital. In September that year he came hme, and n the weekend we decided t cntinue the traditin. I have glrius memries f that day as we nce again made the sauce. It was a beautiful but shrt-lived mment. My father died sn after.
I can’t keep these jars frever. But it desn’t make it any easier t pen ne. Every time I g t reach fr ne, smething stps me. My mther, ever practical, is visiting us recently and just stares at them.
“Yu shuld use these r they will g t waste.”
What will it feel like t use that last jar? It wuld mean the end f an era. Wh knws? Maybe it’s time t bring new traditins int life.
4．What stps the authr frm using the tmat sauce?
A．It has gne bad.B．He desn’t like tmat sauce
C．He values it t much.D．He keeps it fr future use.
5．What d Para.3 and Para.4 mainly talk abut?
A．The tmat harvest.B．The hmemade machine.
C．The fruitful tmat seasn.D．The making f tmat sauce.
6．What will the authr mst prbably d next?
A．Open ne jar.B．Keep the jars.
C．Cllect tmates.D．Make tmat sauce
7．Which f the fllwing can describe the authr?
A．Practical.B．Faithful.C．Affectinate.D．Sensitive.
【答案】4．C 5．D 6．A 7．C
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者家庭每年自制番茄酱的传统在父亲去世后就很难继续保持了，作者意识到是时候给生活引入新的传统了。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段的“I have been keeping these jars like precius treasures.(我一直把这些罐子当作珍贵的宝贝保管着。)”可知，阻止作者使用番茄酱的是作者太看重它了。故选C。
5．主旨大意题。根据第三段的“Like the ther Italian families in the area, we wuld then take them t the garage when they were ripe enugh. There they were cleaned and biled.(和这个地区的其他意大利家庭一样，我们会在它们成熟的时候把它们送到车库。在那里他们被清洗和煮。)”和第四段的“Having been stewed (炖)，whle tmates were passed thrugh my father’s hmemade machine t separate the sauce frm the skins. Jars at the ready, we filled them with sauce and seasning. The jars wuld be ht fr a few days, sealed t keep their wn heat. They wuld then be lined up and ready t use.(炖好之后，整个番茄经过父亲自制的机器，把酱汁和外皮分开。罐子准备好了，我们往里面装满了酱汁和调料。罐子会热几天，密封以保持自身的热量。然后将它们排列好，准备使用。)”可知，第3段和第4段主要讲的是番茄酱的制作，故选D。
6．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Yu shuld use these r they will g t waste.(你应该用这些，否则就浪费了。)”和最后一段的“What will it feel like t use that last jar? It wuld mean the end f an era. Wh knws? Maybe it’s time t bring new traditins int life.(用完最后一罐会是什么感觉？这将意味着一个时代的终结。谁知道呢？也许是时候把新的传统引入生活了。)”可知，作者接下来最有可能做的是打开一个罐子。故选A。
7．推理判断题。根据第二段的“I have been keeping these jars like precius treasures. N matter hw hard I try t find alternatives, nthing cmpares.(我一直把这些罐子当作珍贵的宝贝保管着。无论我如何努力寻找替代方案，都无法与之相比。)”可知，作者对父亲做的番茄酱饱含深情，因此可以用affectinate来描述作者，故选C。
3.【2023届广东省六校联盟高三第六次联考】
Fr Lydia Knirdu, a famus Greek actress and frmer Greek minister f culture and sprts, cultural preservatin is essential t help peple knw wh they are and learn what they shuld d in the future.
“The taller yu want t grw, the deeper yur rts must be. Our cultural past is ur rts. If we dn’t have really strng rts and depth in ur perceptin(认识) f ur identity, we cannt grw. Withut these rts, we will be trn ut very easily with the currents,” she tld the jurnalist in a recent interview, adding cultural heritage is in fact very much alive and relevant tday.
Speaking f her teaching experience verseas, Knirdu said she was very much impressed by her Chinese students when she gave seminars n ancient Greek tragedy at the Shanghai Theatre Academy in 2014. When the students wrked n Alcestis, an Athenian tragedy by ancient Greek playwright Euripides, they thrughly researched the cstumes they wuld wear, the set, and the lights, amng thers, she recalled. “I feel they evlved and were transfrmed by this experience as I was transfrmed. They did nt just play a rle, but created a whle wrld and that is why the prductin had s much interest als fr the spectatrs, ”she said.
Knirdu participated in the prductin f Euripides Electra tgether with Greek directr Kstas Tsians. “Tsians did smething very imprtant fr Greek culture. He cnnected flk frms f art, flk dances, sngs and petry with ur classical past. We presented this perfrmance in many places arund the wrld, and the feeling that it stirred in the audience was quite similar, even thugh they didn’t always understand the language,” she said.
The Chinese civilizatin is a huge tree with very deep rts, and Greece als has a rich ancient civilizatin, she said, adding she believes that the tw cuntries culd prmte cperatin and exchanges in many fields, such as in preservatin f antiques.
4．What can we learn frm paragraph 2?
A．The imprtance f cultural preservatin.B．Cultural heritage is easily damaged.
C．The taller grwth wants the deeper rts.D．We are easily trn ut with the currents.
5．What did Knirdu d in Shanghai?
A．She played a rle and was lved by the spectatrs.
B．She researched the cstumes, the set, and the lights.
C．She studied the art f Chinese perfrmance as a student.
D．She prmted the students’ understanding f Greek culture.
6．Why did Knirdu cperate with Kstas Tsians?
A．T indicate her friendship with Tsians.
B．T acknwledge Tsiansin’s cntributins.
C．T ppularize and prmte traditinal Greek culture.
D．T intrduce the achievement f Tsiansin in presenting classics.
7．What will the text prbably talk abut in the fllwing part?
A．Cultural preservatin in China.B．The way t preserve cultural heritage.
C．The intrductin f ther Greek art prductins.D．Cperatin between Chinese and Greek culture.
【答案】4．A 5．D 6．C 7．D
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了对于希腊著名女演员、前希腊文化和体育部长Lydia Knirdu对于希腊文化保护和传播所作的贡献以及她希望中国和希腊两国可以促进多领域合作与交流的事情。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段“Fr Lydia Knirdu, a famus Greek actress and frmer Greek minister f culture and sprts, cultural preservatin is essential t help peple knw wh they are and learn what they shuld d in the future.(对于希腊著名女演员、前希腊文化和体育部长Lydia Knirdu来说，文化保护对于帮助人们了解自己和学习未来应该做什么至关重要)”以及第二段“Our cultural past is ur rts. If we dn’t have really strng rts and depth in ur perceptin f ur identity, we cannt grw. Withut these rts, we will be trn ut very easily with the currents(我们的文化历史是我们的根源。如果我们对自己的身份认知没有真正牢固的根基和深度，我们就无法成长。如果没有这些根，我们将很容易被潮流撕裂)”可知，Knirdu认为文化是一个国家的根基，没有这些根基我们就不能发展和成长，说明保护文化的重要性。故选A。
5．推理判断题。根据第三段“When the students wrked n Alcestis, an Athenian tragedy by ancient Greek playwright Euripides, they thrughly researched the cstumes they wuld be wearing, the set, and the lights, amng thers, she recalled. “I feel they evlved and were transfrmed by this experience as I was transfrmed. They did nt just play a rle, but created a whle wrld and that is why the prductin had s much interest als fr the spectatrs,” she said.(她回忆道，当学生们创作古希腊剧作家欧里庇得斯的雅典悲剧《阿尔克西斯》时，他们彻底研究了他们将要穿的服装、布景和灯光等。她说：“我觉得他们在进化，在我被改造的过程中他们也被这段经历所改造。他们不仅发挥了作用，还创造了一个完整的世界，这就是为什么观众对这部作品如此感兴趣的原因。”)”可知，Knirdu帮助学生理解希腊戏剧，说明她促进了学生对希腊文化的理解。故选D项。
6．细节理解题。根据第四段““Tsians did smething very imprtant fr Greek culture. He cnnected flk frms f art, flk dances, sngs and petry with ur classical past. We presented this perfrmance in many places arund the wrld, and the feeling that it stirred in the audience was quite similar, even thugh they didn’t always understand the language,” she said.(“齐亚诺斯为希腊文化做了一件非常重要的事情。他将民间艺术形式、民间舞蹈、歌曲和诗歌与我们的古典历史联系在一起。我们在世界各地举办了这场演出，观众的感受非常相似，尽管他们并不总是懂希腊语，”她说)”可知，Knirdu和科斯塔斯·齐亚诺斯合作是为了普及和弘扬希腊传统文化。故选C项。
7．推理判断题。根据第五段“The Chinese civilizatin is a huge tree with very deep rts, and Greece als has a rich ancient civilizatin, she said, adding she believes that the tw cuntries culd prmte cperatin and exchanges in many fields, such as in preservatin f antiques.(她说，中国文明是一棵有着深厚根基的大树，希腊也有着丰富的古代文明。她补充说，她相信两国可以促进许多领域的合作与交流，比如古董保护)”可推断出接下来可能会谈到的是中国和希腊文化之间的合作。故选D项。
4.【河北省邯郸市十校2021-2022学年高三上学期期末联考】
Restricting meals t early in the day did nt affect weight amng verweight adults with prediabetes r diabetes, accrding t research presented at the American Heart Assciatin’s Scientific Sessins 2020.
“We have wndered fr a lng time if when ne eats during the day affects the way the bdy uses and stres energy,” said study authr Nisa M. Maruthur, assciate prfessr f medicine in Jhns Hpkins University in Baltimre. “Mst previus studies have nt cntrlled the number f calries, s it wasn’t clear if peple wh ate earlier just ate fewer calries. In this study, the nly thing we changed was the time f day f eating.”
Maruthur and the clleagues fllwed 41 verweight adults in a 12-week study. Mst participants (90%) were African American wmen with prediabetes r diabetes, and average age f 59 years. Twenty-ne f the adults fllwed a time restricted eating pattern, limiting eating t specific hurs f the day and ate 80% f their calries befre 1 pm. The remaining 20 participants ate at usual times during a 12-hur windw, cnsuming half f their daily calries after 5 pm fr the entire 12 weeks. All participants cnsumed the same pre-prepared, healthy meals prvided fr the study. Weight and bld pressure were measured at the beginning f the study, then at 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks.
The analysis fund that peple in bth grups lst weight and had decreased bld pressure regardless f when they ate. “We thught that the time restricted grup wuld lse mre weight,” Maruthur said. “Yet that didn’t happen. We did nt see any differences in weight lss fr thse wh ate mst f their calries earlier versus later in the day. We did nt see any effects n bld pressure either.”
The researchers are nw cllecting mre detailed infrmatin n bld pressure recrded ver 24 hurs, and they will be cmpiling this infrmatin with the results f a study n the effects f time-restricted feeding n bld sugar, insulin and ther hrmnes and making analyses n the findings. “Tgether, these findings will help us t mre fully understand the effects f time-restricted eating n cardimetablie health,” Maruthur said.
1．What made the study different frm earlier nes?
A．Participants’ age.B．Participants’ daily eating time.
C．The number f participants.D．The research members.
2．What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A．The research prcedure.B．The research result.
C．The research purpse.D．The research institutin.
3．What can we learn frm the study?
A．Bld pressure is cnnected with eating time.
B．Absrbing less calries earlier makes fr weight lss.
C．Eating time determines the effect f lsing weight.
D．Taking in calries earlier desn’t impact weight lss.
4．What may the researchers d next accrding t the last paragraph?
A．Stp research.B．Annunce findings.
C．Analyze data.D．Write essays.
【答案】1．B2．A3．D4．C
【解析】本篇是说明文。主要介绍了一项新的研究表明，能量摄入时间的早晚对减肥没有什么影响。文章介绍了研究过程以及研究的发现。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“In this study, the nly thing we changed was the time f day f eating.(在这项研究中，我们唯一改变的是一天中吃饭的时间)”可知，参与者每日进食时间让这项研究与之前的研究不同。故选B。
2．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Maruthur and the clleagues fllwed 41 verweight adults in a 12-week study. Mst participants (90%) were African American wmen with prediabetes r diabetes, and average age f 59 years. Twenty-ne f the adults fllwed a time restricted eating pattern, limiting eating t specific hurs f the day and ate 80% f their calries befre 1 pm. The remaining 20 participants ate at usual times during a 12-hur windw, cnsuming half f their daily calries after 5 pm fr the entire 12 weeks. All participants cnsumed the same pre-prepared, healthy meals prvided fr the study. Weight and bld pressure were measured at the beginning f the study, then at 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks.( Maruthur和他的同事在一项为期12周的研究中跟踪了41名超重的成年人。大多数参与者（90%）是患有糖尿病前期或糖尿病的非裔美国女性，平均年龄为59岁。21名成年人遵循时间限制饮食模式，限制在一天的特定时间内进食，在下午1点前摄入80%的卡路里。剩下的20名参与者在12小时的时间段内照常进食，在12周的时间里，下午5点后摄入的热量占每日摄入热量的一半。所有的参与者都食用为研究提供的相同的预先准备好的健康食物。在研究开始时测量体重和血压，然后在4周、8周和12周测量体重和血压)”可知，第三段主要讲的是研究过程。故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据第四段中““We thught that the time restricted grup wuld lse mre weight,” Maruthur said. “Yet that didn’t happen. We did nt see any differences in weight lss fr thse wh ate mst f their calries earlier versus later in the day. We did nt see any effects n bld pressure either.”(Maruthur说：“我们认为有时间限制的那组人会减掉更多的体重。然而这并没有发生。我们没有看到那些在一天的早些时候和晚些时候摄入大部分卡路里的人在减肥方面有任何区别。我们也没有看到对血压有任何影响。”)”可推知，早吸收卡路里不会影响减肥。故选D。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The researchers are nw cllecting mre detailed infrmatin n bld pressure recrded ver 24 hurs, and they will be cmpiling this infrmatin with the results f a study n the effects f time-restricted feeding n bld sugar, insulin and ther hrmnes and making analyses n the findings.(研究人员目前正在收集有关24小时内记录的血压的更详细信息，他们将把这些信息与一项关于限时进餐对血糖、胰岛素和其他激素影响的研究结果结合起来，并对研究结果进行分析)”可推知，研究人员下一步可能分析数据。故选C。
5.【江苏省常州市2021届高三调研】
On the way t his hme the child turned many times and beat the dg,declaring with childish gestures that he held him in cntempt(茂视）as an unimprtant dg.the dg aplgized fr being this quality f animal and expressed regret in fine frm,but he cntinued stealthily t fllw the child.
When the child reached his dr-step,the dg was a few yards behind,mving slwly tward him.He became s anxius with shame when h again faced the child that he frgt the dragging rpe . He tripped(绊倒） upn it and fell frward.
The child sat dwn n the step and the tw had anther interview. During it the dg greatly exerted himself t please the child. He perfrmed a few playful jumps with such abandn(尽情地） that the child suddenly saw him t be a valuable thing. He made a swift,greedy charge(猛冲）and seized the rpe.
He dragged his captive(俘虏） int a hall and up many lng stairways in a dark building. The dg made willing effrts, but he culd nt walk very skillfully up the stairs because he was very small and sft,and at last the pace f the child grew s energetic that the dg became panic-stricken. In his mind he was being dragged tward smewhere unknwn. His ayes grew wild with the terrr f it. He began t wiggle his head wildly and t brace his legs.
The child redubled his effrts.They had a battle n the stairs.The child was victrius because he was cmpletely absrbed in his purpse,and because the dg was very small.He dragged his acquirement t the dr f his hme,and finally with victry acrss the drway.
N family member was in.The child sat dwn n the flr and made vertures t(向示好） the dg.These the dg instantly accepted.He smiled with affectin upn his new friend.In a shrt time they were firm and abiding(矢志不渝的）cmrades.
1．What might have happened befre the first paragraph?
A．The child had wanted t wn the dg fr a lng time.
B．The dg had been smene else' s pet but lst his way.
C．The child had been lking fr the lst dg fr a lng time.
D．The dg had been driven ut f hme by the child's family.
2．What directly made the by change his mind?
A．The dg's aplgy.
B．His first interview with the dg.
C．His pity n the dg.
D．The dg's pleasing perfrmance.
3．What can we knw frm paragraph 4 and 5?
A．The by was naughty.
B．The dg was flish.
C．The by was a devted friend.
D．The dg was a faithful friend.
4．Which f the fllwing best describe the change f the dg's feeling?
A．Frightened-relieved-anxius-happy.
B．Wrried-angry-scared-delighted.
C．Guilty-anxius-nervus-pleased.
D．Angry-regretted-scared-puzzled.
【答案】1．B2．D3．A4．C
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小狗走失后偶遇一个男孩，最终成功跟随小男孩回家的故事。
1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“On the way t his hme the child turned many times and beat the dg, declaring with childish gestures that he held him in cntempt(茂视）as an unimprtant dg. the dg aplgized fr being this quality f animal and expressed regret in fine frm, but he cntinued stealthily t fllw the child.(在回家的路上，孩子多次转过身来打那条狗，用孩子气的手势宣称他蔑视那条狗，认为它是一条不重要的狗。狗为自己是这样的动物而道歉，并以良好的形式表示遗憾，但它继续偷偷地跟着孩子。)”可知，孩子试图摆脱狗，而且他们在此之前并不认识，可见他们是无意间遇到的。从而推断，这条狗曾是别人的宠物，但迷路了。小狗是丢失后才遇到男孩的。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“He perfrmed a few playful jumps with such abandn(尽情地） that the child suddenly saw him t be a valuable thing.(它尽情地跳了几下，孩子突然觉得它很有价值。)”可知，小狗努力的取悦男孩，使得男孩改变了主意。故选D。
3．推理判断题。文章四五两段在描述男孩拖拉小狗上楼梯的过程，看得出小男孩精力充沛，一直不懈的努力着，尽管当时小狗是有点害怕的，但小男孩没有停止自己的行为，可见这个男孩子有点调皮。故选A。
4．推理判断题。狗的心情和它的遭遇是一致的，第一段狗尽管被嫌弃但还是跟着，心情是有点罪恶感的，从aplgized可以看出；第二段出现了anxius and shamed，可见狗的心情是紧张羞愧；第三段狗取悦小孩；四五段就是狗被带上楼梯的过程，从panic-stricken可以看出，狗因为未知的地方感到害怕；最后一段狗和小孩已经交好，推断出心情愉悦。故选C。
6.【2022届山东省德州市高考三模】
Mst peple knw scial media isn’t free — it’s paid fr with the cllectin f its users’ smetimes-sensitive infrmatin. Yur GPS system keeps track f yur mvements, and yur smart TV can watch yu. Almst all the infrmatin these devices cllect can be sld t cmpanies r used by authrities t keep tabs r gather evidence. Meanwhile, we use technlgy s frequently because f its efficiency and cnvenience. Is the trade-ff wrth it, r are we selling ur suls t the devil?
SafeHme.rg Team surveyed 1,019 peple aged 18 and lder abut their pinins n security and electrnic devices and whether they felt the risk t privacy was wrth the security and cnvenience benefits. As it turns ut, sme feel technlgy is far t cnvenient t give up despite its flaws, while thers wuld trash their devices if they fund ut it was spying n them.
Interestingly, three majr factrs appear t have an impact n which aspect f privacy vilatin they find mst shcking — age, gender and ccupatin.
Different generatins have different relatinships with technlgy and, as such, have different cncerns abut privacy. Thse 65 and lder appeared t be very distrustful f technlgy, recrding higher levels f cncern than yunger generatins in almst every field. Thse aged 45-64 all fund lcatin tracking, hme security, and smart device privacy issues t be the mst threatening. Frm age 18 t 44, the data trends lked rather similar. A distrust f scial media existed, but they regarded fitness trackers, and public surveillance(监视) as less f an issue than lder generatins.
While men and wmen seemed t have the same cncerns abut privacy in the digital age, a few interesting aspects existed. Wmen were mre cncerned verall with identity and lcatin tracking. Men had cncerns with these issues as well but perhaps didn’t feel as physically threatened by them. The place where men tk mre issues than wmen was the selling f persnal data t advertisers and mnitring f cnversatins and activities.
12．What des the authr intend t cnvey abut scial media in paragraph 1?
A．It cmes at a price.B．It is f great value.
C．It has develped greatly.D．It brings cnvenience t life.
13．What did the survey f SafeHme.rg Team fcus n?
A．Peple’s attitudes twards privacy risks.
B．Peple’s pinins n technlgy benefits.
C．Peple’s respnses t electric device flaws.
D．Peple’s thughts n emplyment security.
14．What des the result f the survey imply?
A．Wmen wrry abut persnal data mst.
B．Men tend t sell persnal data t advertisers.
C．Yung peple dn’t see scial media as a threat.
D．Older peple are mre dubtful abut technlgy.
15．What will be discussed further in the cming paragraph?
A．Preventin f the privacy vilatin.
B．Significance f the SafeHme, rg Team.
C．Privacy cncerns frm different ccupatins.
D．Methds f guaranteeing privacy in the digital age.
【答案】12．A13．A14．D15．C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们使用社交媒体付出的代价，并介绍了三个因素对隐私侵犯方面的影响。
12．推理判断题。根据第一段“Mst peple knw scial media isn’t free — it’s paid fr with the cllectin f its users’ smetimes-sensitive infrmatin.(大多数人都知道社交媒体不是免费的——它是有偿收集用户的敏感信息)”可推知，使用社交媒体是有代价的。故选A。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段“SafeHme.rg Team surveyed 1,019 peple aged 18 and lder abut their pinins n security and electrnic devices and whether they felt the risk t privacy was wrth the security and cnvenience benefits.(SafeHme.rg团队调查了1019名18岁及以上的受访者，询问他们对安全与电子设备的看法，以及他们是否认为安全与便利的好处值得冒隐私的风险)”可知，SafeHme.rg团队的调查重点是人们对隐私风险的态度。故选A。
14．细节理解题。根据第四段“Thse 65 and lder appeared t be very distrustful f technlgy, recrding higher levels f cncern than yunger generatins in almst every field.(65岁及以上的老年人似乎对科技非常不信任，几乎在所有领域都比年轻一代更关注科技)”可知，调查结果显示，老年人对科技的疑虑更大。故选D。
15．推理判断题。根据第三段“Interestingly, three majr factrs appear t have an impact n which aspect f privacy vilatin they find mst shcking — age, gender and ccupatin.(有趣的是，三个主要因素似乎对他们认为最令人震惊的隐私侵犯方面有影响——年龄、性别和职业)”可知，下文将分别从年龄、性别和职业这三个因素讲述隐私侵犯方面的影响。下面两段分别讲述了年龄和性别的影响。由此推知，下一段将进一步讨论不同职业的隐私问题。故选C。
7.【2022届青海省海东市高考一模】
Restricting meals t early in the day did nt affect weight amng verweight adults with prediabetes r diabetes, accrding t research presented at the American Heart Assciatin’s Scientific Sessins 2020.
“We have wndered fr a lng time if when ne eats during the day affects the way the bdy uses and stres energy,” said study authr Nisa M. Maruthur, assciate prfessr f medicine in Jhns Hpkins University in Baltimre. “Mst previus studies have nt cntrlled the number f calries, s it wasn’t clear if peple wh ate earlier just ate fewer calries. In this study, the nly thing we changed was the time f day f eating.”
Maruthur and the clleagues fllwed 41 verweight adults in a 12-week study. Mst participants (90%) were African American wmen with prediabetes r diabetes, and average age f 59 years. Twenty-ne f the adults fllwed a time restricted eating pattern, limiting eating t specific hurs f the day and ate 80% f their calries befre 1 pm. The remaining 20 participants ate at usual times during a 12-hur windw, cnsuming half f their daily calries after 5 pm fr the entire 12 weeks. All participants cnsumed the same pre-prepared, healthy meals prvided fr the study. Weight and bld pressure were measured at the beginning f the study, then at 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks.
The analysis fund that peple in bth grups lst weight and had decreased bld pressure regardless f when they ate. “We thught that the time restricted grup wuld lse mre weight,” Maruthur said. “Yet that didn’t happen. We did nt see any differences in weight lss fr thse wh ate mst f their calries earlier versus later in the day. We did nt see any effects n bld pressure either.”
The researchers are nw cllecting mre detailed infrmatin n bld pressure recrded ver 24 hurs, and they will be cmpiling this infrmatin with the results f a study n the effects f time-restricted feeding n bld sugar, insulin and ther hrmnes and making analyses n the findings. “Tgether, these findings will help us t mre fully understand the effects f time-restricted eating n cardimetablie health,” Maruthur said.
8．What made the study different frm earlier nes?
A．Participants’ age.B．Participants’ daily eating time.
C．The number f participants.D．The research members.
9．What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A．The research prcedure.B．The research result.
C．The research purpse.D．The research institutin.
10．What can we learn frm the study?
A．Bld pressure is cnnected with eating time.
B．Absrbing less calries earlier makes fr weight lss.
C．Eating time determines the effect f lsing weight.
D．Taking in calries earlier desn’t impact weight lss.
11．What may the researchers d next accrding t the last paragraph?
A．Stp research.B．Annunce findings.
C．Analyze data.D．Write essays.
【答案】8．B9．A10．D11．C
【解析】本篇是说明文。主要介绍了一项新的研究表明，能量摄入时间的早晚对减肥没有什么影响。文章介绍了研究过程以及研究的发现。
8．细节理解题。根据第二段中“In this study, the nly thing we changed was the time f day f eating.(在这项研究中，我们唯一改变的是一天中吃饭的时间)”可知，参与者每日进食时间让这项研究与之前的研究不同。故选B。
9．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Maruthur and the clleagues fllwed 41 verweight adults in a 12-week study. Mst participants (90%) were African American wmen with prediabetes r diabetes, and average age f 59 years. Twenty-ne f the adults fllwed a time restricted eating pattern, limiting eating t specific hurs f the day and ate 80% f their calries befre 1 pm. The remaining 20 participants ate at usual times during a 12-hur windw, cnsuming half f their daily calries after 5 pm fr the entire 12 weeks. All participants cnsumed the same pre-prepared, healthy meals prvided fr the study. Weight and bld pressure were measured at the beginning f the study, then at 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks.( Maruthur和他的同事在一项为期12周的研究中跟踪了41名超重的成年人。大多数参与者（90%）是患有糖尿病前期或糖尿病的非裔美国女性，平均年龄为59岁。21名成年人遵循时间限制饮食模式，限制在一天的特定时间内进食，在下午1点前摄入80%的卡路里。剩下的20名参与者在12小时的时间段内照常进食，在12周的时间里，下午5点后摄入的热量占每日摄入热量的一半。所有的参与者都食用为研究提供的相同的预先准备好的健康食物。在研究开始时测量体重和血压，然后在4周、8周和12周测量体重和血压)”可知，第三段主要讲的是研究过程。故选A。
10．推理判断题。根据第四段中““We thught that the time restricted grup wuld lse mre weight,” Maruthur said. “Yet that didn’t happen. We did nt see any differences in weight lss fr thse wh ate mst f their calries earlier versus later in the day. We did nt see any effects n bld pressure either.”(Maruthur说：“我们认为有时间限制的那组人会减掉更多的体重。然而这并没有发生。我们没有看到那些在一天的早些时候和晚些时候摄入大部分卡路里的人在减肥方面有任何区别。我们也没有看到对血压有任何影响。”)”可推知，早吸收卡路里不会影响减肥。故选D。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The researchers are nw cllecting mre detailed infrmatin n bld pressure recrded ver 24 hurs, and they will be cmpiling this infrmatin with the results f a study n the effects f time-restricted feeding n bld sugar, insulin and ther hrmnes and making analyses n the findings.(研究人员目前正在收集有关24小时内记录的血压的更详细信息，他们将把这些信息与一项关于限时进餐对血糖、胰岛素和其他激素影响的研究结果结合起来，并对研究结果进行分析)”可推知，研究人员下一步可能分析数据。故选C。
8.【2022届河南省开封市名校联盟高三押题】
One day, my wife and I were listening t Disney sngs with ur tw little girls when the rmantic lve sng I See the Light came n. I walked ver t my wife, wh was in the kitchen, tk her in my arms and started dancing with her slwly. I culd tell it caught her ff-guard and embarrassed her a little. Thankfully, she stayed in my arms and danced with me anyway. As the sng apprached the final chrus, I suddenly realized we weren’t alne. Our daughters were standing there watching us in silence.
The sng apprached the end and as the strings played the last ntes, I decided t give the girls a Hllywd ending. I tk my wife’s face in my hands and kissed her. After I pulled away, I lked ver and saw my elder daughter’s face lit up with admiratin, and her eyes filled with tears. Then she came ver, buried her face in my wife’s legs. and cried.
“Why are yu crying?” my wife asked.
My daughter was at a lss fr wrds, s I tried a different angle.
“Can yu at least give me ne wrd t describe hw yu’re feeling?” I asked.
My daughter paused, lked up at us and said,“Lved.”
It reminded me f seeing my dad kiss my mm, leaving me feeling pleasantly embarrassed as a child. I wanted t watch them kiss each ther and hide my face at the same time. And while there were n wrds t describe hw I felt at the time, lking back, I knw what it was: I felt lved.
Never verlk the pwer f yur lve fr yur spuse (配偶). Yur kids are watching as yu smile and give each ther a kiss when yu say gdbye t each ther in the mrning. They’re listening when yu praise ne anther. Shwing marital lve in frnt f ur children is a unique chance t be bth a gd parent and a gd spuse.
4．What were the authr’s daughters ding while he was dancing with his wife?
A．Cking in the kitchen.B．Watching a Disney film.
C．Lking at them silently.D．Exchanging lving kisses.
5．Why did the authr’s elder daughter cry?
A．She was desperate t be kissed by her mm.B．She hated it when her dad kissed her mm.
C．She felt deeply tuched by her parents’ lve.D．She thught her dad cmpletely ignred her.
6．Hw did the authr as a kid feel when seeing his dad kiss his mm?
A．Prud and calm.B．Sad and ashamed.C．Interested but annyed.D．Embarrassed but pleased.
7．What des the authr mst prbably suggest parents d at last?
A．Remember t praise their children in public.B．Avid clse cntact in frnt f their children.
C．Set a gd example in terms f gd manners.D．Shw their lve fr each ther t their children.
【答案】4．C5．C6．D7．D
【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在听到一首情歌的时候有感而发，主动与妻子共舞并最终亲吻了妻子，这些都被女儿们看在眼里。大女儿为父母浓浓的爱而感动到落泪。作者认为，父母之间相互表达爱意也会让孩子感受到被爱。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Thankfully, she stayed in my arms and danced with me anyway. As the sng apprached the final chrus, I suddenly realized we weren’t alne. Our daughters were standing there watching us in silence.”（谢天谢地，她留在了我的怀里，和我一起跳舞。当这首歌接近最后的副歌部分时，我突然意识到我们并不孤单。女儿们站在那里，默默地看着我们。）可知，当作者与妻子共舞时，两个女儿正在静静地看着他们夫妻俩。故选C项。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段中“After I pulled away, I lked ver and saw my elder daughter s face lit up with admiratin, and her eyes filled with tears. Then she came ver, buried her face in my wife’s legs, and cried.”（我把车开走后，回头一看，大女儿的脸上露出赞赏的神色，眼里噙满了泪水。然后她走了过来，把脸埋在我妻子的腿上，哭了。）及第六段“My daughter paused, lked up at us and said, “Lved.””（我女儿停顿了一下，抬头看着我们，说：“我爱你。”）可推断，大女儿哭泣是因为她被父母之间浓浓的爱意深深地触动了。故选C项。
6．细节理解题。根据第七段中“It reminded me f seeing my dad kiss my mm, leaving me feeling pleasantly embarrassed as a child. I wanted t watch them kiss each ther and hide my face at the same time.”（这让我想起了看到我爸爸吻我妈妈的情景，让我感觉像个孩子一样愉快而尴尬。我想看他们亲吻对方的同时把我的脸藏起来。）可知，小时候的作者看到父亲亲吻母亲的时候会感到有点尴尬但同时也感到开心。故选D项。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Never verlk the pwer f yur lve fr yur spuse (配偶).”（永远不要忽视你对配偶的爱的力量。）以及“Shwing marital lve in frnt f ur children is a unique chance t be bth a gd parent and a gd spuse.”（在我们的孩子面前展示婚姻的爱是一个独一无二的机会，让我们成为一个好父母和好配偶。）可推断，作者最有可能会建议父母在孩子面前展示夫妻之间的爱意。故选D项。
9.【2022届河北衡水中学高考英语押题卷1】
Vide cnferencing has been arund fr mre than 20 years. Until the COVID-19 pandemic, thugh, yu wuld find that many peple needing t attend a meeting remtely wuld be calling frm a real cnference rm full f their teammates. Tday, we’re rutinely hlding vide cnferences that are 100% virtual. And this is creating a prblem that technlgy can’t fix.
The prblem is us, specifically the fact that we haven’t evlved scially t the pint where we can bear much separatin. S much f ur well-being and wrk prductivity is decided n hw clse we are physically. The remval f that fr any perid f time can be severely damaging. One surprising victim f scial distancing is laughter.
Nrmally peple laugh abut 18 times per day. And 97% f that time we’re laughing with thers — we are 30 times mre likely t laugh with thers than t laugh alne. Think abut it: hw ften when yu and yur friends laugh at smething that is actually funny? Research shws that 80% f what peple laugh at is really nt that funny.
S why d peple laugh? They laugh in rder t laugh with thers. Just as everyne starts yawning when just ne persn yawns, mst peple can’t help but laugh when thse arund them d. This is why TV cmedy shws ften use prerecrded laugh tracks.
Laughing in respnse t ther peple’s laughing is nt just a behaviral phenmenn. When we laugh, ur bdy prduces tw key chemicals: endrphin which helps relieve pain and sets ff feelings f pleasure, and dpamine which can imprve learning, mtivatin and attentin. In fact, studies shw that peple can stand 15% mre pain simply by laughing fr a few minutes befrehand. Laughter is als assciated with higher mtivatin and prductivity at wrk.
In tday’s hme-alne, virtual-team wrld, this is exactly what yu as a team leader shuld be ding: fr yur team members t stay healthy and prductive, yu need t get them t laugh mre and stress less.
8．What is the prblem mentined in the first tw paragraphs?
A．A distant relatinship. B．Unexpected scial evlutin.
C．Decreased laughter. D．Remved scial distance.
9．What can be inferred frm the article?
A．Laughing alne is nrmal. B．Laughing is fr fun.
C．Laughing starts with yawning. D．Laughing cmes mre in grups.
10．What is Paragraph 5 mainly abut?
A．The mtivatin behind laughter. B．The chemicals regarding laughter.
C．The mechanism f laughter. D．The significance f laughter.
11．What wuld the authr mst prbably discuss next?
A．Hw t bst laughter. B．Hw t better a team.
C．Hw t reduce stress. D．Hw t increase prductivity.
【答案】8．C9．D10．D11．A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了笑的重要性。
8．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Tday, we’re rutinely hlding vide cnferences that are 100% virtual .And this is creating a prblem that technlgy can’t fix.(今天，我们经常举行100%虚拟的视频会议。这就产生了一个技术无法解决的问题)”和第二段的“The prblem is us, specifically the fact that we haven’t evlved scially t the pint where we can bear much separatin.(问题出在我们自己身上，尤其是我们的社交能力还没有进化到可以承受分离的程度)”和“One surprising victim f scial distancing is laughter.(社交距离的一个令人惊讶的受害者是笑声)”可知，前两段提到的问题是笑声减少了。故选C。
9．推理判断题。根据第四段的“Just as everyne starts yawning when just ne persn yawns, mst peple can’t help but laugh when thse arund them d.(就像当只有一个人打哈欠时，每个人都会打哈欠一样，当周围的人笑时，大多数人都会忍不住笑)”可推断，成群的人笑得更多。故选D。
10．主旨大意题。根据第五段的“When we laugh, ur bdy prduces tw key chemicals: endrphin which helps relieve pain and sets ff feelings f pleasure, and dpamine which can imprve learning, mtivatin and attentin. In fact, studies shw that peple can stand 15% mre pain simply by laughing fr a few minutes befrehand. Laughter is als assciated with higher mtivatin and prductivity at wrk.(当我们笑的时候，我们的身体会产生两种关键的化学物质：内啡肽，它可以帮助缓解疼痛并引发愉悦感，还有多巴胺，它可以提高学习能力、动力和注意力。事实上，研究表明，仅仅提前几分钟笑一下，人们就能多忍受15%)”可知，本段主要介绍是笑声的重要性。故选D。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“In tday’s hme-alne, virtual-team wrld, this is exactly what yu as a team leader shuld be ding: fr yur team members t stay healthy and prductive, yu need t get them t laugh mre and stress less.(在今天这个独自在家、虚拟团队的世界里，这正是你作为一个团队领导者应该做的：为了让你的团队成员保持健康和高效，你需要让他们多笑，少压力)”可推断，作者接下来最有可能讨论如何增加笑。故选A。
10.【2022届河南省豫南省级示范高中联盟高三下学期考前模拟四】
It’s a cnnected wrld, and nearly every device, appliance, and machine with sme srt f cmputer running inside it can be cnnected t thers thrugh the Internet f Things (IT). What a great leap frward in this jurney we call human civilizatin! But des this recent advancement cme with a dark secret that can smeday turn n us? Are smart devices spies arund us?
Many smart appliances tday, particularly smartphnes and virtual assistants are equipped with vice cmmand capabilities. They can, therefre, listen t and recrd yur cmments and cnversatins even after they’ve carried ut yur riginal cmmand. Cncerns abut devices turning n vice cmmand by themselves and listening even when yu d nt enable the feature have als been raised. The questin then is: What actually happens when yur smart device is listening? Hw much infrmatin gets recrded, and where des this eventually end up in?
Take a listening app called “Alphns” as an example. Yu can’t dwnlad it directly frm the App Stre, but it cmes with sme games and apps that yu can fix. While yu are playing games n yur smartphne, Alphns cmes t life and listens t what yu are watching n TV. It then recrds this infrmatin and sends it t sme server smewhere, and the data is analyzed t build a prfile abut yur TV-viewing habits. Alphns prves that devices can listen t what yu say and d.
Alphns prves that devices can listen t what yu say and d. Nw, what’s t stp devices frm gathering ther data? They can be made t lk at chat and text messages r yur calendar, fr example, everything abut yu wuld be fair game. Sme ppular smart hme platfrms can cntrl the platfrms t fall silent but still remain active, capturing every wrd yu speak that can ptentially land yu in sme srt f phishing (网络欺诈) truble. This seems t be the price we have t pay fr the cnvenience that technlgy gives us. Privacy seems nn-existent. S we shuld thus take steps t prtect urselves frm this eventuality.
12．What can we infer abut IT mentined in paragraph 1?
A．Peple rely t much n IT.B．IT spies are exactly amng us.
C．IT can be a duble-edged swrd.D．IT merely cmes with a dark secret.
13．What is the ptential risk assciated with smart devices?
A．Vice cmmand capabilitiesB．Persnal data and identity theft.
C．Original cmmand recgnitin.D．Lcatin-based tracking functin.
14．Why des the authr take “Alphns” as an example?
A．T present hw smart devices send ads.B．T intrduce the advantage f vice cmmands.
C．T shw the usage f dwnlading listening app.D．T explain hw hidden app steal peple’s privacy.
15．Where des the article g next?
A．Ways t prevent infrmatin leakage.B．Reasns fr the lss f persnal data.
C．Tricks f btaining sensitive infrmatin.D．Methds f interactins with technlgies.
【答案】12．C13．B14．D15．A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了智能设备在提供方便的同时，也会有一些潜在的风险。
12．推理判断题。根据第一段“It’s a cnnected wrld, and nearly every device, appliance, and machine with sme srt f cmputer running inside it can be cnnected t thers thrugh the Internet f Things (IT). What a great leap frward in this jurney we call human civilizatin! But des this recent advancement cme with a dark secret that can smeday turn n us? Are smart devices spies arund us?（这是一个相互联系的世界，几乎所有的设备，家用电器，以及运行着某种计算机的机器，都可以通过物联网与其他设备相互联系。在这个我们称之为人类文明的旅程中，这是一个多么大的大跃进啊！但是最近的进步是否伴随着某天会转向我们的黑暗秘密呢？智能设备会在我们周围监视吗？）”可知，通过物联网与其他设备相互联系，是人类文明的进步，但进步也伴随着风险，即泄露我们的秘密，所以可推知，IT是一把双刃剑。故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段中“While yu are playing games n yur smartphne, Alphns cmes t life and listens t what yu are watching n TV. It then recrds this infrmatin and sends it t sme server smewhere, and the data is analyzed t build a prfile abut yur TV-viewing habits. Alphns prves that devices can listen t what yu say and d.（当你在智能手机上玩游戏的时候，Alphns会激活，并且听到了你在电视上看到的东西。然后记录下这些信息，发送到某个服务器上，然后分析这些数据，建立你看电视习惯的档案。Alphns 证明了设备可以听到你说的和做的。）”可知，智能设备会记录我们的数据，并发送到某个服务器上，从而窃取了我们的信息。选项B与文意相符，故选B。
14．推理判断题。根据第二段中“While yu are playing games n yur smartphne, Alphns cmes t life and listens t what yu are watching n TV. It then recrds this infrmatin and sends it t sme server smewhere, and the data is analyzed t build a prfile abut yur TV-viewing habits. Alphns prves that devices can listen t what yu say and d.（当你在智能手机上玩游戏的时候，Alphns会激活，并且听到了你在电视上看到的东西。然后记录下这些信息，发送到某个服务器上，然后分析这些数据，建立你看电视习惯的档案。Alphns 证明了设备可以听到你说的和做的。）”推知，通过实例解释了智能设备窃取我们信息的过程，选项D符合题意，故选D。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“S we shuld thus take steps t prtect urselves frm this eventuality.（因此，我们应该采取措施，保护自己免受这种可能性。）”可知，此处提出了要保护我们免遭危险的办法是采取措施，所以接下来的内容可能描述一些具体的保护方法。选项A符合题意，故选A。
真题感知
1. [2023·全国乙卷]
C
What cmes int yur mind when yu think f British fd? Prbably fish and chips, r a Sunday dinner f meat and tw vegetables. But is British fd really s uninteresting? Even thugh Britain has a reputatin fr less-than-impressive cuisine, it is prducing mre tp class chefs wh appear frequently n ur televisin screens and whse recipe bks frequently tp the best seller lists.
It?s thanks t these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britns are turning away frm meat-and-tw-veg and ready-made meals and becming mre adventurus in their cking habits. It is recently reprted that the number f thse sticking t a traditinal diet is slwly declining and arund half f Britain?s cnsumers wuld like t change r imprve their cking in sme way. There has been a rise in the number f students applying fr fd curses at UK universities and clleges. It seems that TV prgrammes have helped change what peple think abut cking.
Accrding t a new study frm market analysts, 1 in 5 Britns say that watching ckery prgrammes n TV has encuraged them t try different fd. Almst ne third say they nw use a wider variety f ingredients(配料) than they used t, and just under 1 in 4 say they nw buy better quality ingredients than befre. One in fur adults say that TV chefs have made them much mre cnfident abut expanding their ckery knwledge and skills, and yung peple are als getting mre interested in cking. The UK?s bsessin(痴迷) with fd is reflected thrugh televisin scheduling. Ckery shws and dcumentaries abut fd are bradcast mre ften than befre. With an increasing number f male chefs n TV, it?s n lnger “uncl” fr bys t like cking.
( )28.What d peple usually think f British fd?
A.It is simple and plain.
B.It is rich in nutritin.
C.It lacks authentic tastes.
D.It deserves a high reputatin.
( )29.Which best describes ckery prgrammes n British TV?
A.Authritative.
B.Creative.
C.Prfitable.
D.Influential.
( )30.Which is the percentage f the peple using mre diverse ingredients nw?
A.20%. B.24%.
C.25%. D.33%.
( )31.What might the authr cntinue talking abut?
A.The art f cking in ther cuntries.
B.Male chefs n TV prgrammes.
C.Table manners in the UK.
D.Studies f big eaters.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了英国的电视烹饪节目对英国人的饮食习惯产生了巨大的影响,很多人开始摆脱过去的饮食习惯,而且它也改变了人们对烹饪的看法。
28.A 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Prbably fish and chips, r a Sunday dinner f meat and tw vegetables.But is British fd really s uninteresting? Even thugh Britain has a reputatin fr less-than-impressive cuisine…”可知,提到英国食物人们想到的可能是炸鱼薯条,或者是周日的肉和两种蔬菜晚餐。人们通常认为英国食物不太让人感兴趣,给人的印象不那么深刻,即简单和普通。故选A项。
29.D 推理判断题。根据第二段中“It?s thanks t these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britns are turning away frm meat-and-tw-veg and ready-made meals and becming mre adventurus in their cking habits.”及“It seems that TV prgrammes have helped change what peple think abut cking.”可知,电视烹饪节目上的厨师们让英国人远离传统的“一荤两素”和现成餐食,并开始在烹饪习惯上变得更加冒险,电视节目似乎帮助改变了人们对烹饪的看法。由此可推知,英国电视上的烹饪节目很有影响力。故选D项。
30.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Almst ne third say they nw use a wider variety f ingredients(配料)than they used t…”可知,近三分之一的人表示,他们现在使用的配料比过去的种类更多。故选D项。
31.B 推理判断题。根据文章尾句“With an increasing number f male chefs n TV, it?s n lnger ‘uncl’ fr bys t like cking.”可知,随着越来越多的男厨师出现在电视上,男孩喜欢烹饪已经不再是“不酷”的事了。由此可推知,接下来作者可能会接着讨论电视节目上的男厨师们。故选B项。
2.【2024届山西省大同市高三6月学情调研】
A team f Chinese researchers have recently develped a new type f self-pwered flexible and transparent electrnic skin t mnitr subtle human activities, shedding light n the future f wearable electrnics. This new e-skin integrates a flexible transparent supercapacitr (超级电容器) as an energy strage device with a stretchable transparent strain sensr (应变传感器). Thanks t its mechanical sftness, the integrated e-skin can be directly attached t varius parts n the bdy.
As the largest rgan f human bdy, skin is respnsible fr multiple majr functins such as prtectin, perspiratin, regulatin f bdy temperature, and sensry stimulatin (刺激). It frms the basis f peple’s physical interactins with the utside wrld.
The ideal e-skin shuld be highly sensitive, self-pwered, and suitable fr the human skin. “Inspired by sensry functins and perfrmance f real human skin, we have made the new e-skin bth flexible and transparent t serve multiple functins. After charging, it is capable f mnitring peple’s subtle physical signals and multi-scaled activities in real time. It can measure a persn’s pulse, tell when they are swallwing, and detect ther bdy mvements,” said Lan Wei, a prfessr at the Schl f Physical Science and Technlgy f Lanzhu University and the leader f the research team.
E-skin is the cre f future wearable electrnic devices. The new inventin can be applied in smart health care, human-machine interactin, virtual reality and artificial intelligence. Fr example, it culd help surgens cntrl surgical rbts mre precisely, enable peple t “tuch” ver lng distances, and create mre immersive gaming experiences.
Ging ahead, the research team will fcus n strengthening the sensry capacity and pwer supply f the e-skin, making it even mre like human skin, which will in turn make it mre adaptive t varius future applicatins.
12．Why d Chinese scientists invent the new wearable e-skin?
A．T regulate human bdy temperature.B．T watch and check human activities.
C．T delay human skin aging prcess.D．T imprve human skin’s flexibility.
13．What inspired the researchers t develp the new e-skin?
A．The human cntact with nature.B．The trend f wearable devices.
C．The way real human skin wrks.D．The develpment f strain sensrs.
14．What will be the centre f the future research?
A．Strengthening remte cntrl f the e-skin.B．Creating mre new functins f the e-skin.
C．Changing the uter appearance f the e skin.D．Imprving the sensry ability f the e-skin.
15．Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Electrnic Skin: Mre Than SkinB．Electrnic Skin: Mre Like Skin
C．Electrnic Skin: Mre fr FunD．Electrnic Skin: Mre At Ease
【答案】12．B 13．C 14．D 15．A
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了中国的一个研究小组最近开发出了一种新型的自供电柔性透明电子皮肤，用于监测人类活动，为可穿戴电子产品的未来带来了曙光。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段中“A team f Chinese researchers have recently develped a new type f self-pwered flexible and transparent electrnic skin t mnitr subtle human activities, shedding light n the future f wearable electrnics. (中国的一个研究小组最近开发出了一种新型的自供电柔性透明电子皮肤，用于监测细微的人类活动，为可穿戴电子产品的未来带来了曙光)”可知，中国科学家发明新型可穿戴电子皮肤的目的是监测人体活动，故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Inspired by sensry functins and perfrmance f real human skin, we have made the new e-skin bth flexible and transparent t serve multiple functins. (灵感来自真实人类皮肤的感官功能和性能，我们使新的电子皮肤既灵活又透明，具有多种功能)”可知，研发电子皮肤的灵感来源于真实皮肤的感官功能和性能，故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ging ahead, the research team will fcus n strengthening the sensry capacity and pwer supply f the e-skin, making it even mre like human skin, which will in turn make it mre adaptive t varius future applicatins. (今后，研究小组将重点加强电子皮肤的感觉能力和供电能力，使其更像人类皮肤，从而使其更能适应未来的各种应用)”可知，未来研究重点是提高电子皮肤的感觉能力。故选D。
15．主旨大意题。根据文章内容，结合第一段中“A team f Chinese researchers have recently develped a new type f self-pwered flexible and transparent electrnic skin t mnitr subtle human activities, shedding light n the future f wearable electrnics. (中国的一个研究小组最近开发出了一种新型的自供电柔性透明电子皮肤，用于监测细微的人类活动，为可穿戴电子产品的未来带来了曙光)”可知，文章主要介绍了中国研发出可监测人体的电子皮肤，可以监测人体的各种活动，也可应用于智能医疗、人机交互、虚拟现实和人工智能等领域。故A项“电子皮肤：不止是皮肤”为最佳标题，故选A。
3.【山西省怀仁市2021-2022学年高三上学期期末调研】
A call came int Jimmy Gilleece’s bar. A newly married wman, wh had spent the afternn at his bar, culdn’t find her wallet. She didn’t care abut her ID, credit cards, r 150 in cash-but her wedding ring was inside.
Gilleece, 42, didn’t like the idea that a theft culd have ccurred at his place. S he determined t find the wallet. He spent hurs n vides frm surveillance (监控) cameras, watching the wman’s every step in the bar. Within minutes, a yung man apprached the bar, put smething in his pcket, and walked ff.
Gilleece psted a clip (视频片段) n the bar’s Facebk page t find ut wh the yung man was. Within hurs, Gilleece gt a text frm 17-year-ld Rivers Prather, wh said he’d dne it because he hadn’t eaten in tw days. He said he saw the ring but thught it was fake, s he tk the mney and threw the wallet int the cean. Then he bught a sandwich.
Gilleece tld the teen t meet him at the dcks (码头). There they talked a lt and Gilleece knew that Prather was frm a pr family. Seeing the teenager’s small build, Gilleece thught he was mre f a kid than a criminal. Hwever, because f the missing ring, Prather culd be put int prisn.
Gilleece decided t help the kid. He hired tw lcal divers t search the waters where the wallet had been thrwn. Mre than an hur passed, with n sign f the ring. Gilleece grew wrried. And then a diver ppped up. In his hand was the wallet, and inside was the ring. When Gilleece called the wallet’s wner, she burst int tears and immediately drpped the charge against Prather fr stealing the ring.
1．What did the wman value mst in her wallet?
A．Her ID．B．Her credit cards.
C．Her mney.D．Her wedding ring.
2．What did Prather d after getting the wallet?
A．He kept the ring.B．He spent the mney in it.
C．He threw it in a dustbin.D．He returned it t the wner.
3．Why did Gilleece help Prather?
A．T teach the child a lessn.B．T meet the custmer 's demand.
C．T save the frgivable child.D．T win back the reputatin f his bar.
4．What wuld happen t Prather next?
A．He wuld be sent t prisn.B．He wuld nt be accused by the wman.
C．He wuld get a jb in Gilleece’s bar.D．He wuld live a better life ever after.
【答案】1．D2．B3．C4．B
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了Jimmy Gilleece的酒吧中一位女士丢失了钱包，钱包里有她最珍视的结婚戒指。Jimmy Gilleece找到了捡到钱包的年轻人Rivers Prather，但是Rivers Prather拿了钱包里的钱将钱包丢进了海里。Gilleece觉得Prather只是个孩子，于是决定帮助他，最终找到了戒指，Prather也被撤销了指控。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段中She didn’t care abut her ID, credit cards, r 150 in cash-but her wedding ring was inside. (她不在乎她的身份证、信用卡或150美元现金——但她的结婚戒指在里面)可知那位妇女最珍视钱包里的结婚戒指。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中He said he saw the ring but thught it was fake, s he tk the mney and threw the wallet int the cean. (他说他看到了戒指，但认为是假的，所以他拿了钱，把钱包扔进了大海)可知Prather得到钱包后，他把里面的钱花了。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Seeing the teenager’s small build, Gilleece thught he was mre f a kid than a criminal. Hwever, because f the missing ring, Prather culd be put int prisn.(看到这个少年的小个子，Gilleece觉得他更像个孩子，而不是罪犯。然而，因为丢失戒指，Prather可能会被关进监狱)可知Gilleece帮助Prather是因为他认为Prather是个可原谅的孩子。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中When Gilleece called the wallet’s wner, she burst int tears and immediately drpped the charge against Prather fr stealing the ring. (当Gilleece打电话给钱包的主人时，她哭了起来，并立即撤销了对Prather偷戒指的指控)可知接下来Prather不会被那个女人指控。故选B。
4.【四川省宜宾市2021届普2021届高三“一诊”】
On Mnday, abut 270 pilt whales gt int difficulty n a sandbank at Macquarie Heads, near Strahan n Tasmania’s west cast, abut 190 kilmetres frm Hbart. Anther 200 f the animals were fund early n Wednesday, making it Tasmania’s largest recrded stranding event. The Department f Primary Industry, Parks, Water and Envirnment (DPIPWE) said that abut a third had died.
Marine bilgists arrived in the area t carry ut rescue peratins. They planned t use specialized equipment such as special tarpaulins t push the whales back int the deep water. The lcal plice als assisted in the rescue.
The whales that were stranded are Pilt Whales, and they are fund in almst all the ceans f the wrld, accrding t the Marine cnservatin grup. Pilt whales are in fact ne f the largest members f the dlphin family, but they are treated as whales fr the Marine Mammals Prtectin Regulatins issued in 1992.They were named pilt whales because it was thught that each pd fllwed a ‘pilt’ in the grup.
Cetacean stranding, cmmnly knwn as beaching, is a phenmenn in which whales and dlphins strand themselves n land, usually n a beach. Several explanatins fr why cetaceans strand themselves have been prpsed, including changes in water temperatures, unusual features f whales’ ech lcatin in certain surrundings, and gemagnetic disturbances, but nne have s far been universally accepted as a definitive reasn fr the behavir.
In recent years, whale strandings have becme mre frequent arund the wrld. In Nvember 2018, a dead sperm whale that had washed ashre in eastern Indnesia cnsumed a hrrifying cllectin f plastic trash, including 115 drinking cups, 25 plastic bags, plastic bttles, tw flip-flps and a bag cntaining mre than 1,000 pieces f string. In all, the plastic cntents f the whale’s stmach weighed 13.2 pund (six kilgrams). The bags are black due t a reactin with the creature’s stmach acids, accrding t Thai Whales rganizatin. A persn, n average, breathes r swallws at least 74,000 micrscpic particles f plastic each year.
1．Hw many whales died accrding t DPIPWE?
A．Abut 160.B．Abut 200.C．Abut 270.D．Abut 470.
2．What des the underlined wrd “stranding” mean in Paragraph 1?
A．Being put int danger.
B．Being trapped in truble.
C．Being fund in extinctin.
D．Being left r driven ashre.
3．What des the authr want t tell us by the numbers in Paragraph 5?
A．Whales mistake plastics fr fd.
B．Whales need the ability f self-prtectin.
C．Whales’ living cnditins are wrsening.
D．Whales have an excellent digestive system.
4．What will be discussed prbably fllwing the last paragraph?
A．Prtective measures fr whales.
B．The reasns fr whale stranding.
C．Studying whales’ stmach deeply.
D．Researching the ceans’ ecsystem.
【答案】1．A2．D3．C4．A
【文章大意】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了星期一，大约270头领航鲸在麦格理海兹的沙洲上搁浅了。
1．细节理解题。由第一段“On Mnday, abut 270 pilt whales gt int difficulty n a sandbank at Macquarie Heads, near Strahan n Tasmania’s west cast, abut 190 kilmetres frm Hbart. Anther 200 f the animals were fund early n Wednesday, making it Tasmania’s largest recrded stranding event. The Department f Primary Industry, Parks, Water and Envirnment (DPIPWE) said that abut a third had died.”（星期一，大约270头领航鲸在麦格理海兹的沙洲上遇到了麻烦，这里靠近塔斯马尼亚州西海岸的斯特拉汉，距离霍巴特大约190公里。周三早些时候又发现了200只这种动物，这是塔斯马尼亚有记录以来最大的鲸搁浅事件。DPIPWE说，大约三分之一的鲸已经死亡。）可知总共有470头鲸搁浅，三分之一的鲸已经死亡，说明157头鲸死亡,即大约有160头。故选A项。
2．词句猜测题。由第二段中的“Marine bilgists arrived in the area t carry ut rescue peratins. They planned t use specialized equipment such as special tarpaulins t push the whales back int the deep water.”（海洋生物学家抵达该地区展开营救行动。他们计划使用特殊的设备，如特殊的防水布将鲸鱼推回到深水中。）可知海洋生物学家要把鲸鱼推回到深水中，说明这些鲸鱼在岸上搁浅了，stranding在此处意为“被留在或者被驱赶上岸”。故选D项。
3．推理判断题。由第五段中的“In Nvember 2018, a dead sperm whale that had washed ashre in eastern Indnesia cnsumed a hrrifying cllectin f plastic trash, including 115 drinking cups, 25 plastic bags, plastic bttles, tw flip-flps and a bag cntaining mre than 1,000 pieces f string. In all, the plastic cntents f the whale’s stmach weighed 13.2 pund (six kilgrams).”（2018年11月，一头在印尼东部被冲上岸的死抹香鲸吃掉了一堆骇人听闻的塑料垃圾，包括115个饮水杯、25个塑料袋、塑料瓶、两个人字拖和一个装有1000多条细绳的袋子。总的来说，鲸鱼胃中的塑料物质重13.2磅（6公斤）。）可知这头鲸鱼吃了很多的塑料垃圾，作者想通过第五段中的数字告诉我们鲸鱼的生存条件正在恶化。故选C项。
4．推理判断题。由第五段中的“In recent years, whale strandings have becme mre frequent arund the wrld. In Nvember 2018, a dead sperm whale that had washed ashre in eastern Indnesia cnsumed a hrrifying cllectin f plastic trash, including 115 drinking cups, 25 plastic bags, plastic bttles, tw flip-flps and a bag cntaining mre than 1,000 pieces f string. In all, the plastic cntents f the whale’s stmach weighed 13.2 pund (six kilgrams). The bags are black due t a reactin with the creature’s stmach acids, accrding t Thai Whales rganizatin.”（近年来，鲸鱼搁浅在世界各地变得越来越频繁。2018年11月，一头在印尼东部被冲上岸的死抹香鲸吃掉了一堆骇人听闻的塑料垃圾，包括115个饮水杯、25个塑料袋、塑料瓶、两个人字拖和一个装有1000多条细绳的袋子。总的来说，鲸鱼胃中的塑料物质重13.2磅（6公斤）。根据泰国鲸鱼组织的说法，这些袋子是黑色的，这是因为它们与胃酸发生反应。）可知搁浅鲸鱼越来越多，有些还吃了很多的塑料垃圾，鲸鱼的生存环境不好，导致鲸鱼死亡，接下来应该谈保护鲸鱼的措施。故选A项。
5.【辽宁省辽东南普通高中协作校2021-2022学年高三下学期第一次模拟】
The Amazn rainfrest, is as undisturbed a place as mst peple can imagine, but even there, the effects f a changing climate are playing ut. Nw, research suggests that many f the regin's mst sensitive bird species are starting t evlve in respnse t warming.
Birds are ften cnsidered sentinel（哨兵）species-meaning that they indicate the verall health f an ecsystem-s scientists are particularly interested in hw they're respnding t climate change. In general, the news has nt been gd. Fr instance, a 2019 reprt by the Natinal Audubn Sciety fund that mre than tw-thirds f Nrth America's bird species will be in danger f extinctin by 2100 if warming trends cntinue n their current curse.
Fr the new study, researchers cllected the biggest dataset s far n the Amazn's resident birds, representing 77 nn-migratry species and lasting the 40 years frm 1979 t 2019. During the study perid, the average temperature in the regin rse, while the amunt f rainfall declined, making fr a htter, dryer climate verall. Accrding t the reprt n Nvember 12 in the jurnal Science Advances, 36 species have lst substantial weight, as much as 2 percent f their bdy weight per decade since 1980. Meanwhile, all the species shwed sme decrease in average bdy mass, while a third grew lnger wings.
Because f the study's lng time series and large sample sizes, the authrs were able t shw the mrphlgical（形态学的）effects f climate change n resident birds. Hwever, the researchers themselves are unsure and wnder what advantage the wing length changes give the birds, but suppse smaller birds may have an easier time keeping cl. In general, smaller animals have a larger rate f surface area t bdy size, s they dissipate mre heat faster than a bigger animal. Less available fd, such as fruit r insects, in dryer weather might lead t smaller bdy size.
32．Why are scientists fnd f ding research n birds?
A．They have small bdy sizes.B．They are sensitive t ht weather.
C．They live in an undisturbed rainfrest.D．They are eclgical balance indicatrs.
33．What can we learn frm the new study?
A．A third f species have been extinct fr a decade.
B．36 species lst 2%f their bdy weight every year.
C．Tw-thirds f species shwed a cnsiderable decrease in weight.
D．Abut 26 species respnded t climate change with lnger wings.
34．What des the underlined wrd "dissipate" in the last paragraph mean?
A．Put ff.B．Give ff.C．Put away.D．Give away.
35．What wuld prbably the researchers further study?
A．Why it is easier fr smaller animals t keep cl.
B．What effects the wing length changes have n birds.
C．Why the Amaznian birds have lst substantial weight.
D．Whether bird species in Nrth America will be extinct in 2100.
【答案】32．D33．D34．B35．B
【解析】这是一篇说明文,主要介绍了气候变化对鸟的影响。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Birds are ften cnsidered sentinel（哨兵）species-meaning that they indicate the verall health f an ecsystem-s scientists are particularly interested in hw they're respnding t climate change.(鸟常被认为是物种的哨兵，指的是它们能暗示生态系统的整体健康，因此科学家关注它们对气候变化的反应)”可知，科学家喜欢研究鸟是因为鸟是生态系统平衡的暗示者。故选D。
33．推理判断题。根据第三段“representing 77 nn-migratry species”以及“while a third grew lnger wings. (在研究的77种不迁移的鸟类中，1/3的鸟长着较长的翅膀)”可知，大约26种鸟类长着较长的翅膀来应对气候变化。故选D。
34．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“smaller birds may have an easier time keeping cl. In general, smaller animals have a larger rate f surface area t bdy size (较小的鸟可能很快就会凉下来。总体来讲，相对于身体尺寸而言，较小动物的表面积较大)”可知较小动物的表面积相对于自身整体而言较大，因此散发热量就容易，dissipate的意思是散发，与Give ff（散发）的词义一致 。故选B。
35．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Hwever, the researchers themselves are unsure and wnder what advantage the wing length changes give the birds, (然而，研究者自己也不确信，对鸟的翅膀长度变化对鸟有什么好处感到困惑)”可知，研究者将进一步研究鸟的翅膀长度变化对鸟有什么影响。故选B。
6.【2022届吉林省长春市普通高中高三质量监测（三）】
IQ is ften cnsidered as an imprtant driver f success particularly in fields such as science, innvatin and technlgy. In fact many peple have endless fascinatin with the IQ scres f famus peple. But the truth is that sme f the greatest achievements by ur species have primarily relied n qualities such as creativity, imaginatin, curisity and empathy (同感).
Many f these characteristcs are rted in what scientists call “cgnitive (认知的) flexibility”—a skill that enables us t switch between different cncepts r t adapt behavir t achieve gals in a nvel r changing envirnment. Cgnitive flexibility prvides us with the ability t see that what we are ding is nt leading t success and t make the apprpriate changes t achieve it.
Cgnitive flexibility may have affected hw peple cped with the pandemic lckdwns (疫情封锁) which prduced new challenges arund wrk and schling. Sme f us fund it easier than thers t adapt ur rutines t d many activities frm hme. Such flexible peple may als have changed these rutines frm time t time trying t find better and mre varied ways f ging abut their day. Others, hwever, struggled and ultimately became mre rigid in their thinking.
Flexible thinking is key t creativity. It als supprts academic and wrk skills such as prblem slving. Fr example, visual artists may be f average intelligence but highly creative and have prduced masterpieces. Creativity is als imprtant in science and innvatin. We have discvered that successful businessmen wh have created multiple cmpanies are mre cgnitively flexible than managers f a similar age and IQ.
Cgnitive flexibility is als assciated with high recvery frm negative life events as well as higher quality f life in lder individuals. It can even be beneficial in emtinal and scial cgnitin: studies have shwn that cgnitive flexibility has a strng link t the ability t understand the emtins, thughts and intentins f thers.
Neurimaging studies have shwn that cgnitive flexibility is dependent n a netwrk f frntal brain regins. There are a number f ways t bjectively assess peple’s cgnitive flexibility including the Wiscnsin Card Srting test and the CANTAB Set Shift Task. And the gd news is that it seems that yu can train cgnitive flexibility.
32．What can we learn frm Paragraph 1?
A．Creativity is the nly surce f peple’s success.
B．A driver’s achievement is nt determined by IQ.
C．The IQ f famus peple is mysterius.
D．IQ may nt be the key factr in human’s achievements.
33．Which might NOT be an example f cgnitive flexibility during pandemic lckdwns?
A．Organizing nline meetings.B．Taking up indr wrkut.
C．Jining in grup hiking.D．Learning t bake at hme.
34．Which belngs t the cnsequences f cgnitive flexibility?
A．Flexible peple tend t stick t their rutines.
B．Peple have a better understanding f thers’ feelings.
C．Businessmen are mre likely t succeed than visual artists.
D．Older individuals are able t avid misfrtunes in life.
35．What wuld the fllwing paragraph talk abut?
A．The ways t develp cgnitive flexibility.
B．The applicatin f cgnitive flexibility.
C．The Wiscnsin Card Srting test.
D．The imprtance f training cgnitive flexibility.
【答案】32．D33．C34．B35．A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章提出人类一些最伟大的成就主要依赖于创造力、想象力、好奇心和同理心等品质，这些品质大多植根于科学家们所说的“认知灵活性”——这是一种使我们能够在不同的概念之间转换，或在一个新的或不断变化的环境中调整行为以实现目标的技能。文章说明了认知灵活性的重要性以及带给人们的影响。
32．推理判断题。根据第一段“IQ is ften cnsidered as an imprtant driver f success particularly in fields such as science, innvatin and technlgy. In fact many peple have endless fascinatin with the IQ scres f famus peple. But the truth is that sme f the greatest achievements by ur species have primarily relied n qualities such as creativity, imaginatin, curisity and empathy (同感).(智商通常被认为是成功的重要驱动力，特别是在科学、创新和技术等领域。事实上，许多人对名人的智商分数有着无尽的迷恋。但事实是，人类一些最伟大的成就主要依赖于创造力、想象力、好奇心和同理心等品质。)”可知，人类一些最伟大的成就主要依赖于创造力、想象力、好奇心和同理心等品质，由此可推知智商可能不是人类成就的关键因素。故选D项。
33．细节理解题。根据第二段“Cgnitive flexibility prvides us with the ability t see that what we are ding is nt leading t success and t make the apprpriate changes t achieve it.(认知上的灵活性使我们能够认识到我们所做的并不会带来成功，并做出适当的改变来实现它。)”可知，认知上的灵活性会让我们对自己的思想和行为带来适当的引导和调整，结合第三段“Cgnitive flexibility may have affected hw peple cped with the pandemic lckdwns (疫情封锁) which prduced new challenges arund wrk and schling. Sme f us fund it easier than thers t adapt ur rutines t d many activities frm hme. Such flexible peple may als have changed these rutines frm time t time trying t find better and mre varied ways f ging abut their day. Others, hwever, struggled and ultimately became mre rigid in their thinking.(认知灵活性可能影响了人们如何应对疫情封锁，这给工作和教育带来了新的挑战。我们中的一些人比其他人更容易调整我们的日常活动，在家里做许多活动。这些灵活的人可能也会时不时地改变这些习惯，试图找到更好、更多样化的方式来度过他们的一天。然而，另一些人则挣扎着，最终变得更加固执。)”可知，疫情封锁期间，去参加团体远足这样的户外活动，没有体现出灵活调整所处的现实情况与自身行为，不符合认知的灵活性，故选C项。
34．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“It can even be beneficial in emtinal and scial cgnitin: studies have shwn that cgnitive flexibility has a strng link t the ability t understand the emtins, thughts and intentins f thers.(它甚至对情绪和社会认知也有好处:研究表明，认知灵活性与理解他人情绪、思想和意图的能力有很强的联系。)”可知，认知灵活性与理解他人情绪、思想和意图的能力有很强的联系，由此可知，B项“人们能更好地理解他人的感受。”属于认知灵活性的结果，故选B项。
35．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章说明了认知灵活性的意义以及它对人们产生的影响，结合最后一段“And the gd news is that it seems that yu can train cgnitive flexibility.(好消息是，你似乎可以训练认知灵活性。)”可知，此处提出认知灵活性是可以训练的，由此可推断，接下来应说明“培养认知灵活性的方法。”，故选A项。
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2023
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【2023·全国乙卷】C
31.What might the authr cntinue talking abut?
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