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上海市宝山区2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试 英语试题 Word版含答案
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这是一份上海市宝山区2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试 英语试题 Word版含答案，共14页。试卷主要包含了A.7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
（本试卷满分 140分，考试时间120分钟）
Ⅰ．Listening Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
1．A．Blueberry. B．Apple pie. C．Chclate cake. D．Strawberry.
2．A．The mvie will nt be shwn. B．They want t see the mvie.
C．All the tickets were sld ut. D．The mvie is highly rated.
3．A．T the schl. B．T his hme.
C．T the supermarket. D．T the place the wman stays.
4．A．Bring. B．Entertaining. C．Tuching. D．Encuraging.
5．A．Teacher and student B．Husband and wife. C．Bss and secretary. D．Mther and sn.
6．A．In a restaurant. B．In a htel. C．In a museum. D．In a theater.
7．A.7:30. B．7:45. C．7:15. D．7:00.
8．A．She didn’t catch the bus. B．She happened t meet a friend.
C．She was prevented frm catching the bus D．Her car brke dwn.
9．A．Rick is the man’s cusin. B．The man has graduated frm a technical schl.
C．It’s hard t land a suitable jb. D．Rick gt a decent jb.
10．A．Drive n thrugh the night. B．Check ut f the htel.
C．Cancel their mtel reservatin. D．Stp driving fr the rest f the day.
Sectin B
Directins: In Sectin B, yu will hear tw shrt passages and ne lnger cnversatin, and yu will be asked several questins n each f the passages and the cnversatin. The passages and the cnversatin will be read twice, but the questins will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne wuld be the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
Questins 11 thrugh 13 are based n the fllwing passage.
11．A．By bus. B．By train. C．By car. D．By ship.
12．A．Because they saw the first kangar. B．Because they saw an Australian tailed eagle.
C．Because they’d never been here befre. D．Because they saw a few wild hrses.
13．A．Wild hrses. B．Kangars. C．Large birds. D．Sme spiders.
Questins 14 thrugh 16 are based n the fllwing passage.
14．A．Internet use is increasing fast in rural and urban areas.
B．Mre and mre rural residents have Internet access.
C．Peple have a limited chice f Internet prviders.
D．City residents use their wn Internet frequently.
15．A．Over 2millin. B．Arund 6 millin. C.23 millin. D.17 millin.
16．A．Mre girls have their wn websites than bys.
B．One in fur kids have Internet access frm hme.
C．Mst kids think that they get less time nline at schl than that at hme.
D．Mst kids think Internet cnnectin at hme is quicker than that at schl
Questins 17 thrugh 20 are based n the fllwing cnversatin.
17．A．His health is getting wrse. B．He can n lnger wrk at sea.
C．His past life upsets him a gd deal. D．He hasn’t gt any retirement pay.
18．A．She passed away years ag. B．She used t wrk as a mdel.
C．She has been wrking at a clinic. D．She has been seriusly ill fr years.
19．A．She has made lts f mney as a dctr B．She is ging t take care f her ld dad.
C．She has never gt n with her father. D．She is kind and generus by nature.
20．A．He dines ut with his wife every weekend. B．He is excellent but lks bad-tempered.
C．He des nt care abut his appearance. D．He is nt quite ppular with his patients.
Ⅱ．Grammar and Vcabulary
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
First published n Octber 15, 1952, “Charltte’s Web” is a ppular children’s bk written by well-knwn American authr E. B. White and ____1____（illustrate）by Garth Williams that deals with themes f the nature f friendship, lss, fate, acceptance, and renewal. The stry centers n a pig named Wilbur and the unlikely but deep friendship ____2____ shares with an uncmmnly talented spider named Charltte.
While it’s nrmal in the curse f events n a farm fr pigs ____3____（kill）when they reach a certain size and age, clever Charltte wrks ut a scheme t keep Wilbur frm his fate by weaving wrds int her web t create what amunts t a ne-pig publicity campaign. By prmting Wilbur t celebrity status, Charltte ultimately saves him ____4____ his date with the butcher’s knife.
The ending f the “Charltte’s Web” is bittersweet, hwever, ____5____ while Wilbur survives, Charltte des nt. But even Charltte’s passing is a lessn-fr Wilbur and thse reading his stry-abut the nature f death and renewal.
Death and destiny are bth themes that the bk explres. While Charltte is willing t help Wilbur avid a destiny that’s being impsed n him by utside frces beynd his cntrl, she als understands that sme fates are inevitable: All living creatures are brn, ____6____（have）a life cycle, and die. Charltte accepts her rle in this natural circle withut regret.
Charltte helps Wilbur realize that immrtality is nt abut living frever, but rather, ____7____（ensure）that new generatins will fllw. She als helps him understand that lve and friendship are nt fixed in quantity. While we may lse a friend, new friendships can cme alng, nt as replacements fr ____8____ we’ve lst, but as blessings t build n what we’ve learned.
“Charltte’s Web” gt its inspiratin frm true experiences that authr E. B. White had n his farm in Maine, ____9____ he penned the bk and lived until his death in 1985．While the authr claims that the bk _____10_____ never be cnsidered a mral tale, certain messages related t mral principles, r rights and wrngs, are bviusly established in “Charltte’s Web”.
Sectin B
Directins: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can be used nly nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
Britain appears t be in a mental-health crisis. In the past decade n Eurpean cuntry has seen a greater increase in the use f antidepressants(抗抑郁药); nw nly the Prtuguese and Icelanders are ppping mre f the ____11____. Arund 4.5m Britns were in cntact with mental-health services in 2021-22, a rise f almst l m in five years.
There are a few reasns why Britns might be unhappier than their ____12____. One glbal pll fund that teenagers in Britain were sme f the lneliest in the wrld, with few supprtive relatinships and a lw sense f purpse and meaning: all risk factrs fr pr mental health. Britain’s prest husehlds are als ____13____ ff than their equivalents in France and Germany, fr example, which makes them mre vulnerable t cnditins such as anxiety and depressin. And Britain’s health system can seem mre ____14____ than thse in mst ther rich cuntries. In England alne, sme 3.8 m are waiting fr mental-health treatment.
Thse factrs might explain why mre peple are ____15____ t medicatin. Anther reasn is increased awareness. Campaigns arund depressin and anxiety have been particularly successful in Britain. That is ____16____ a gd thing. A reductin in humiliatin (蒙羞) has encuraged mre peple t seek help. Taking antidepressants – r using mental-health services — has becme much mre acceptable.
But there is a ____17____ t this, as The Ecnmist recently reprted. Surveys suggest that Britns are increasingly ____18____ cmmn human emtins, such as stress and grief, as mental illnesses. “Yu’re ging t lse any sense f what mental illness is if yu start t ____19____ it t 30%, 50% f the ppulatin,” says Adrian Massey, authr f a bk called “Sick-Nte Britain”.
Fr all the fcus n anxiety and depressin in campaigns, severe mental illnesses still receive t little attentin. This is a prblem: accrding t the GBD, Britain has the highest rates f severe mental illness in Eurpe. The causes f such cnditins are unclear, but seem t invlve a ____20____ interplay f genetic and envirnmental factrs. Illegal drug misuse, fr which Britain has amng the highest rates in the regin, als plays a rle.
Ⅲ．Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
Methane (甲烷) is a greenhuse gas. Over 20 years it has ver 80 times the planet-cking pwer f carbn dixide, and is ____21____ fr nearly 45%f warming tday. Because methane is the main ____22____ f natural gas, much f man-made emissins cmes frm the energy industry. Yet because it is shrt-lived, cntrlling methane ffers the wrld its best pssible chance fr ____23____ prgress against climate change.
As COP28, the UN’s climate summit, gets ____24____ in Dubai, it is greatly encuraging, therefre, that the chances f such a deal n methane are gd. Negtiatrs must ____25____ at a rare pprtunity t strike ne.
The reasn a deal lks pssible is that the plitics are prmising in all the biggest markets. China has recently annunced that it will start including methane in its natinal climate plans. America will sn finalize regulatins t ____26____ methane emissins frm its huge il and gas sectr, including measures that cver leaky pipelines and strage. And the Eurpean Unin has als agreed n tugh methane standards, cvering bth dmestic surces and ____27____ fssil fuels.
____28____ are helping, t. A range f new technlgies fr mnitring methane will help ____29____ large surces f emissins frm the energy industry. Because il and gas firms can ften sell methane (rather than wastefully burning r releasing it), many investment s t avid _____30_____ will pay fr themselves. Mst firms d nt invest because f the truble, higher returns n ther prjects, r wells’ distance frm cnsumers. Whatever the reasn, they suffer n _____31_____ fr adding needlessly t glbal warming.
Since green-washing, the prcess f cnveying a false impressin abut hw sme prducts r measures are envirnmentally sund, is quite cmmn, if a glbal methane deal is t be mre than that, _____32_____, it will need rigur (缜密). Methane-cntrl seemed t _____33_____ at the UN climate summit in Glasgw tw years ag, when negtiatrs _____34_____ came up with a prpsal t cut emissins by 30% by 2030．Yet the deal was vluntary, and had n enfrcement mechanisms (机制); emissins have since _____35_____. An agreement this time rund must link prmises t natinal climate plans and, crucially, t dmestic enfrcement mechanisms.
21. A. pwerfulB. nticeableC. respnsibleD. pssible
22. A. causeB. ingredientC. agentD. cnsequence
23. A. quickB. ecnmicC. riginalD. natinal
24. A. under wayB. in the makingC. n bardD. t the pint
25. A. stareB. pintC. cmeD. leap
26. A. increaseB. stabilizeC. reduceD. balance
27. A. imprtedB. lcalizedC. exprtedD. glbalized
28. A. RevlutinsB. EvlutinsC. ReslutinsD. Innvatins
29 A. createB. activateC. decreaseD. spt
30. A. disastersB. delaysC. emissinsD. examinatins
31. A. lssB. punishmentC. abuseD. defeat
32. A. hweverB. therefreC. furtherD. nce
33. A. pay ffB. make utC. run utD. take ff
34. A. nisilyB. admittedlyC. reluctantlyD. accidentally
35. A. declinedB. disappearedC. swungD. risen
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
（A）
The cast f the State f Maine is ne f the mst irregular in the wrld. A straight line running frm the suthernmst castal city t the nrthernmst castal city wuld measure abut 225 miles. If yu fllwed the castline between these pints, yu wuld travel mre than ten times as far. This irregularity is the result f what is called a drwned castline. The term cmes frm the glacial (冰川的) activity f the Ice Age. At that time, the whle area that is nw Maine was part f a muntain range that twered abve the sea. As the glacier declined, hwever, it applied enrmus frce n thse muntains, and they sank int the sea.
As the muntains sank, cean water charged ver the lwest parts f the remaining land. And the highest parts f the frmer muntain range, nearest the shre, remained as islands. Marine fssils fund here are 225 feet abve sea level indicating the level f the shreline prir t the glacier.
The 2,500-mile-lng rcky and jagged (锯齿状的) castline f Maine keeps watching ver nearly 2,000 islands. Many f these islands are tiny and uninhabited, but many are hme t blming cmmunities. Mt. Desert Island is ne f the largest, mst beautiful f the Maine cast islands left behind by the glacier. Measuring 16 miles by 12 miles, Mt. Desert was very nearly frmed as tw distinct islands. It is split almst in half by Smes Sund, a very deep and very narrw stretch f water seven miles lng.
Fr years, Mt. Desert Island, particularly its majr settlement, Bar Harbr, has affrded summer hmes fr the wealthy. Recently, thugh, Bar Harbr has becme a new arts cmmunity as well. But the best part f the island is the unspiled frest land knwn as Acadia Natinal Park. Since the island sits n the brder between tw different gegraphical znes, the park supprts the plants and animals f bth znes. It als lies in a majr bird migratin lane and is a resting spt fr many birds.
36. The large number f small islands alng the cast f Maine is the result f ______.
A. the drwning f the Maine castlineB. glacier’s frcing muntains int the sea
C. the irregularity f the Maine castlineD. cean water’s flding the muntain range
37. What des the underlined wrd “charge” mean in paragraph 2?
A. T ask an amunt f mney.
B. T accuse smene publicly f ding smething wrng.
C. T rush in a particular directin.
D. T pass electricity thrugh smething.
38. Which f the fllwing statements best expresses the main idea f paragraph 4 f the selectin?
A. The wealthy residents f Mt. Desert Island selfishly kept it t themselves.
B. Acadia Natinal Park is ne f the best natinal parks.
C. On Mt. Desert Island, there is great tensin between the residents and turists.
D. Mt. Desert Island supprts an incredibly diverse animal and plant life.
39. Frm the passage, we learn that ________.
A. the castline f Maine is ten times lnger after the Ice Age
B. there are mre than 2,500 islands alng the Maine castline
C. Mt. Desert Island has been brken apart by a 7-mile-lng water stretch
D. an arts cmmunity gave way t the summer hmes n Mt. Desert Island
（B）
40. ________ is the main disagreement between Marija Strjnik and Gerard Kriss.
A. The definitin f a planetB. The imprtance f detecting explanets
C. The artistic representatin f explanetsD. The use f the term “direct imaging”
41. Hw des Dr. Strjnik feel abut the interpretatin f a bright spt as an explanet?
A. She supprts it, as it is a cmmn practice in explanet astrnmy.
B. She apprves f it, althugh it des nt prvide a clear picture f the explanet.
C. She believes it is nly pssible thrugh visual bservatin and psitive assumptin.
D. She cnsiders the interpretatin t be debatable, as it requires significant prcessing.
42. Where can yu find these tw letters?
A. In the textbk.B. In a lcal newspaper.
C. In a published essay.D. In a science jurnal.
（C）
The ancient Egyptians thught s little f the brain that when a king died, they remved the brain frm his bdy and threw it away. The Egyptians assumed, like many peple befre and after them, that cnsciusness — yur mind and yur thughts existed in the heart.
Nw we knw that the mind is a prduct f the brain, but hw exactly des this 1.5-kil piece f matter create a mind that allws yu t think abut yurself, experience happiness and anger, r remember events that happened 20 minutes r 20 years ag? This isn’t a new questin. Tday, hwever, pwerful new techniques fr visualizing the surces f thught, emtin, behavir, and memry are transfrming the way we understand the brain and the mind it creates.
Have yu ever stpped and thught, “What’s wrng with me tday? I just dn’t feel like myself”? Perhaps yu were mre tired r wrried than usual — but smehw, yu knew that smething was different abut yu. This self-awareness - the ability t think abut yurself and hw yu’re feeling-is an imprtant part f being human.
This part f f yur mind has its rigins in the prefrntal crtex — a regin f yur brain just behind yur frehead that extends t abut yur ears. Befre this area began t functin (arund age tw), yu didn’t understand that yu were a separate individual with yur wn identity. As this part f yur brain develped, yu became mre aware f yurself and yur thughts and feelings.
Thugh humans may share certain emtins and recgnize them in thers, we dn’t all have the same emtinal respnse t every situatin. In fact, mst emtinal respnses are learned and stred in ur memries. The smell f freshly cut grass, fr example, will generate happy feelings in smene wh spent enjyable childhd summers in the cuntryside, but nt in smene wh was frced t wrk lng hurs n a farm. Once an emtinal assciatin like this is made, it is very difficult t reverse it. “Emtin is the least flexible part f the brain,” says psychlgist Paul Ekman. But we can learn t cntrl ur emtins by becming cnsciusly aware f their underlying causes and by nt reacting autmatically t things in ur envirnment.
Fr centuries, peple have studied the brain, but it is nly in recent years that we have really started t learn hw it wrks. Nevertheless, there is still a lng way t g befre we understand ur mind’s many cmplexities.
43. What is the passage mainly abut?
A. Hw we create and cntrl emtins.B. Hw the mind wrks.
C. Hw human beings are distinct.D. Hw emtins are prcessed.
44. Why des the authr mentin the ancient Egyptians’ practice in the very beginning?
A. T illustrate the imprtance f the heart in ancient Egyptian culture.
B. T intrduce the cre theme f the mind-bdy cnnectin and evlutin.
C. T prvide an example f hw the brain has been misunderstd thrughut histry.
D. T cntrast the ancient Egyptians’ views n the brain with the mdern ne.
45. Which f the fllwing statement is NOT true?
A. Self-awareness develps befre the age f tw.
B. The prefrntal crtex affects a persn’s emtins.
C. The prefrntal crtex is lcated at the frnt f the brain.
D. Self-awareness strengthens with the develpment f the brain.
46. What des the passage suggest abut the flexibility f emtins?
A. Emtins are universal and d nt change ver time r with individual experiences.
B. Emtins are generally learned and stred in ur memries, making them quite flexible.
C. Emtins are influenced by ur persnal experiences and can vary frm persn t persn.
D. Emtins are the least flexible part f the mind, and they cannt be cntrlled.
Sectin C
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
It is certainly difficult t make mney. But shuld mney be difficult t give away? In The Gilded Age, industrialists such as Andrew Carnegie and Jhn D. Rckefeller wrried abut waste and misuse; Carnegie wrte in 1889 that $950 f every $1,000 that went t charity was “unwisely spent”. ____47____ Dnrs ran lengthy applicatin prcesses, prvided funds and fulfilled painstaking reprting requirements. In 2006 The Ecnmist called it “philanthrcapitalism (慈善资本主义)”.
____48____ The 400 richest Americans have given away just 6% f their cmbined frtunes, accrding t Frbes. At the last cunt in 2022, almst $1.2 trn was sitting in American private fundatins and $230bn in dnr-advised funds, a srt f savings accunt fr dnrs. Plenty f mney is being marked fr charity. But it is nt getting t wrthy causes fast enugh.
Frtunately, a new generatin f dnrs is nce again shaking up the wrld f big philanthrpy (慈善事业). Leading the missin is MacKenzie Sctt, wh simplified the prcess f giving and is dnating billins f dllars a year with few cnditins. This “n-strings giving” is changing mega-dnrs’ lng-held assumptins. ____49____
One is the recgnitin that philanthrpists d nt have t d everything themselves. ____50____ An upside f a decades-lng trend fr businesslike philanthrpy is that armies f cnsultants have emerged t help dnrs draw up a strategy and cnduct due diligence n ptential recipients. Dnrs can team up and share the wrk, t.
Anther lessn frm the n-strings crwd is that philanthrpists can trust recipients t put mney t gd use nce the prper due diligence is in place. That means analyzing a nnprfit rganizatin’s annual reprts and interviewing its leaders and ther funders.
A. It ffers lessns fr thse struggling t get mney ut f the dr.
B. In additin t that, her charity wrk is t numerus t mentin.
C. Hwever, this idea that charities’ mney is wasted has been prven wrng by evidence.
D. Mega-dnrs n lnger need t endure the truble f setting up a fundatin and hiring staff.
E. Tw decades n, hwever, it’s becme clear that all this paperwrk puts the brakes n giving.
F. Arund the turn f the millennium dnrs lked t data and rules as a way t stp waste.
Ⅳ．Summary Writing
51. Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Fr thusands f years, Chinese peple have valued the large family with three, fur, r even five generatins living under the same rf. That's what we call an extended family. Nw it is changing. Cmpared t extended families. nuclear families which invlve nly tw generatins living tgether are becming the trend. Apart frm family size, these families are als featured by reduced dependence n the last generatin. Yung peple are able t make decisins n their wn and children are less likely t be brught up by their grandparents.
The reasn fr the tendency f nuclear families can be reflected as fllws. It's a time when yung peple think highly f individual freedm. Yung peple like t have persnal space that wn't be disturbed by the ld generatins. In this way, they are mre likely t avid cnflicts caused by different living habits frm their parents.
It's als a time when scial welfare institutins are highly advanced fr ld peple t lead a cmfrtable life . Senir citizens can live tgether in sme nursing hmes and be taken gd care f by specialized nursing wrkers, which may base yung peple's heavy burden f attending their aging parents.
Hwever, the prblem cncerning attending t children turns up as the number f nuclear families increases. Yung peple are busy with their wrk and spend less time with their children. As a result, lacking enugh care bth frm their parents and grandparents during their grwth, children may develp mental illnesses like lneliness and depressin. Many yung peple, therefre, hire babysitters t lk after and keep cmpany with their children, which adds a financial burden t them.
Facing the prblem abve, yung peple can seek help frm ld generatins, cmmunities and gvernment. Old generatins are welcmed t take care f their grandchildren, especially when yung peple are asked t wrk vertime. Cmmunities ught t rganize sme vlunteers t lk after unattended kids. And gvernment can set up special lads fr yung peple t relieve their financial prblem. With the jint effrts, nuclear families are expected t fit in well with the develpment f the sciety.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Ⅴ．Translatin
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrd given in the brackets.
52. 校餐也要以其他食品的推销方法推销给孩子。（the same way）(汉译英)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
53. 为了培养学生地道的口音，该大学计划从国外聘请一些英文老师。（handful）(汉译英)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
54. 与这位家喻户晓的建筑师一起工作是一次难忘的经历，是我职业生涯迄今为止的一个亮点。(highlight) (汉译英)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
55. 主席不仅致力于打造一个科技强国，还号召人们加强科技创新园区的建设，并推动绿色制造业的发展。（call n）(汉译英)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Ⅵ．Guided Writing
56. Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学的学生吴磊，你校英文报《英语拾零》（English Sidelights）正庆祝创刊十周年，请你写一篇文章投稿，内容包括：
● 读报的经历；
● 喜爱的栏目；
● 期望和祝福。
（文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称）
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________A．apply B．bradly C．cmplicated D．dwnside E．hardly F．neighbrs
G．verburdened H．pills I．re-labeling J．turning K．wrse
T the Editrs:
I am surprised t read that Dr. Strjnik (“Direct Detectin f Explanets,” September-Octber2023) states that we have nt yet and cannt directly image explanets (外部行星). This is incrrect. NASA/IPAC has a list at
One example is an image f 51 Eridani b. The planet is 2.6 times as massive as Jupiter and has the same radius (半径).
Gerard Kriss
Space Telescpe Science Institute
Dr. Gerard:
I am pleased that my article brught a respnse. The phrase “planet detectin” aruses in peple’s imaginatins beautiful images f planets that are creative artistic representatins f nvel wrlds. But a blur f brightness is nt an image.
Explanet researchers rutinely call vides such as the ne belw f 51 Eridani b “direct images” because the planet’s light has been separated frm that f its star. “Directly imaged” is the standard language f explanet astrnmy. But t an ptical (光学的) scientist such as myself, there is a strng distinctin between direct detectin (the planet’s light separated frm the light f its star) and direct imaging (a prven picture f the explanet). Frm an ptical researcher’s perspective, a single bright spt simply is nt an image.
Indeed, even the wrd “direct” in direct detectin is debatable frm an ptical researcher’s pint f view. The detectin f the light f the explanet requires significant prcessing, adding multiple images and remving starlight based n theretical mdels f the surce signal.
But the interpretatin f a bright spt as a planet is nly pssible upn visual inspectin and ptimistic thinking. As an ptical scientist, I cannt lk at a single spt and call it an image f explanets. A trajectry (轨迹), r a series f bright pints, is nt an image f a planet, althugh it very likely represents smething that nwadays is described as an explanet.
Marija Strjnik
参考答案
Ⅰ．Listening Cmprehensin （略）
1. illustrated 2. he 3. t be killed 4. frm 5. because
6. have 7. ensuring 8. what 9. where 10. can
11. H 12. F 13. K 14. G 15. J 16. E
17. D 18. I 19. A 20. C
21. C 22. B 23. A 24. A 25. D
26. C 27. A 28. D 29. D 30. C
31. B 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. D
36. A 37. C 38. D 39. C
40. D 41. C 42. D
43. B 44. C 45. A 46. C
47. F 48. E 49. A 50. D
51. The trend f nuclear families is increasing in China, with fewer generatins living tgether under ne rf. Hwever, this trend als leads t challenges in child care, as parents have less time t spend with their children. Slutins such as invlving grandparents, cmmunity vlunteers, and gvernment supprt are suggested t address these challenges.
52. Schl meals shuld als be marketed t children in the same way as ther fds.
53. In rder t cultivate students' authentic accent, the university plans t hire a handful f English teachers frm abrad.
54. Wrking with this universally renwned architect was an unfrgettable experience, undubtedly a highlight f my career thus far.
55. The Chairman nt nly fcuses n building a strng cuntry in science and technlgy but als calls n peple t strengthen the cnstructin f science and technlgy innvatin parks and t prmte the develpment f green manufacturing.
56.
English Sidelights and Me
I have been an avid reader f English Sidelights since the day my teacher recmmended it t me. I remember that the first time I picked up a cpy f the paper, I was struck by the quality f the writing and the depth f the cverage. Since then, I have made it a habit t read it every day.
One f my favrite sectins is the Opinin. I appreciate the diverse range f views and perspectives presented in this sectin. The editrials are well-researched and thught-prvking, and the guest cmmentaries ffer fresh insights int a variety f issues.
I expect the paper t stay true t its cre values and t cntinue t prvide readers with high-quality reprting and analysis. On this special ccasin f the 10th anniversary f English Sidelights, I hpe the paper will thrive and grw in the years ahead.
（本试卷满分 140分，考试时间120分钟）
Ⅰ．Listening Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
1．A．Blueberry. B．Apple pie. C．Chclate cake. D．Strawberry.
2．A．The mvie will nt be shwn. B．They want t see the mvie.
C．All the tickets were sld ut. D．The mvie is highly rated.
3．A．T the schl. B．T his hme.
C．T the supermarket. D．T the place the wman stays.
4．A．Bring. B．Entertaining. C．Tuching. D．Encuraging.
5．A．Teacher and student B．Husband and wife. C．Bss and secretary. D．Mther and sn.
6．A．In a restaurant. B．In a htel. C．In a museum. D．In a theater.
7．A.7:30. B．7:45. C．7:15. D．7:00.
8．A．She didn’t catch the bus. B．She happened t meet a friend.
C．She was prevented frm catching the bus D．Her car brke dwn.
9．A．Rick is the man’s cusin. B．The man has graduated frm a technical schl.
C．It’s hard t land a suitable jb. D．Rick gt a decent jb.
10．A．Drive n thrugh the night. B．Check ut f the htel.
C．Cancel their mtel reservatin. D．Stp driving fr the rest f the day.
Sectin B
Directins: In Sectin B, yu will hear tw shrt passages and ne lnger cnversatin, and yu will be asked several questins n each f the passages and the cnversatin. The passages and the cnversatin will be read twice, but the questins will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne wuld be the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
Questins 11 thrugh 13 are based n the fllwing passage.
11．A．By bus. B．By train. C．By car. D．By ship.
12．A．Because they saw the first kangar. B．Because they saw an Australian tailed eagle.
C．Because they’d never been here befre. D．Because they saw a few wild hrses.
13．A．Wild hrses. B．Kangars. C．Large birds. D．Sme spiders.
Questins 14 thrugh 16 are based n the fllwing passage.
14．A．Internet use is increasing fast in rural and urban areas.
B．Mre and mre rural residents have Internet access.
C．Peple have a limited chice f Internet prviders.
D．City residents use their wn Internet frequently.
15．A．Over 2millin. B．Arund 6 millin. C.23 millin. D.17 millin.
16．A．Mre girls have their wn websites than bys.
B．One in fur kids have Internet access frm hme.
C．Mst kids think that they get less time nline at schl than that at hme.
D．Mst kids think Internet cnnectin at hme is quicker than that at schl
Questins 17 thrugh 20 are based n the fllwing cnversatin.
17．A．His health is getting wrse. B．He can n lnger wrk at sea.
C．His past life upsets him a gd deal. D．He hasn’t gt any retirement pay.
18．A．She passed away years ag. B．She used t wrk as a mdel.
C．She has been wrking at a clinic. D．She has been seriusly ill fr years.
19．A．She has made lts f mney as a dctr B．She is ging t take care f her ld dad.
C．She has never gt n with her father. D．She is kind and generus by nature.
20．A．He dines ut with his wife every weekend. B．He is excellent but lks bad-tempered.
C．He des nt care abut his appearance. D．He is nt quite ppular with his patients.
Ⅱ．Grammar and Vcabulary
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
First published n Octber 15, 1952, “Charltte’s Web” is a ppular children’s bk written by well-knwn American authr E. B. White and ____1____（illustrate）by Garth Williams that deals with themes f the nature f friendship, lss, fate, acceptance, and renewal. The stry centers n a pig named Wilbur and the unlikely but deep friendship ____2____ shares with an uncmmnly talented spider named Charltte.
While it’s nrmal in the curse f events n a farm fr pigs ____3____（kill）when they reach a certain size and age, clever Charltte wrks ut a scheme t keep Wilbur frm his fate by weaving wrds int her web t create what amunts t a ne-pig publicity campaign. By prmting Wilbur t celebrity status, Charltte ultimately saves him ____4____ his date with the butcher’s knife.
The ending f the “Charltte’s Web” is bittersweet, hwever, ____5____ while Wilbur survives, Charltte des nt. But even Charltte’s passing is a lessn-fr Wilbur and thse reading his stry-abut the nature f death and renewal.
Death and destiny are bth themes that the bk explres. While Charltte is willing t help Wilbur avid a destiny that’s being impsed n him by utside frces beynd his cntrl, she als understands that sme fates are inevitable: All living creatures are brn, ____6____（have）a life cycle, and die. Charltte accepts her rle in this natural circle withut regret.
Charltte helps Wilbur realize that immrtality is nt abut living frever, but rather, ____7____（ensure）that new generatins will fllw. She als helps him understand that lve and friendship are nt fixed in quantity. While we may lse a friend, new friendships can cme alng, nt as replacements fr ____8____ we’ve lst, but as blessings t build n what we’ve learned.
“Charltte’s Web” gt its inspiratin frm true experiences that authr E. B. White had n his farm in Maine, ____9____ he penned the bk and lived until his death in 1985．While the authr claims that the bk _____10_____ never be cnsidered a mral tale, certain messages related t mral principles, r rights and wrngs, are bviusly established in “Charltte’s Web”.
Sectin B
Directins: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can be used nly nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
Britain appears t be in a mental-health crisis. In the past decade n Eurpean cuntry has seen a greater increase in the use f antidepressants(抗抑郁药); nw nly the Prtuguese and Icelanders are ppping mre f the ____11____. Arund 4.5m Britns were in cntact with mental-health services in 2021-22, a rise f almst l m in five years.
There are a few reasns why Britns might be unhappier than their ____12____. One glbal pll fund that teenagers in Britain were sme f the lneliest in the wrld, with few supprtive relatinships and a lw sense f purpse and meaning: all risk factrs fr pr mental health. Britain’s prest husehlds are als ____13____ ff than their equivalents in France and Germany, fr example, which makes them mre vulnerable t cnditins such as anxiety and depressin. And Britain’s health system can seem mre ____14____ than thse in mst ther rich cuntries. In England alne, sme 3.8 m are waiting fr mental-health treatment.
Thse factrs might explain why mre peple are ____15____ t medicatin. Anther reasn is increased awareness. Campaigns arund depressin and anxiety have been particularly successful in Britain. That is ____16____ a gd thing. A reductin in humiliatin (蒙羞) has encuraged mre peple t seek help. Taking antidepressants – r using mental-health services — has becme much mre acceptable.
But there is a ____17____ t this, as The Ecnmist recently reprted. Surveys suggest that Britns are increasingly ____18____ cmmn human emtins, such as stress and grief, as mental illnesses. “Yu’re ging t lse any sense f what mental illness is if yu start t ____19____ it t 30%, 50% f the ppulatin,” says Adrian Massey, authr f a bk called “Sick-Nte Britain”.
Fr all the fcus n anxiety and depressin in campaigns, severe mental illnesses still receive t little attentin. This is a prblem: accrding t the GBD, Britain has the highest rates f severe mental illness in Eurpe. The causes f such cnditins are unclear, but seem t invlve a ____20____ interplay f genetic and envirnmental factrs. Illegal drug misuse, fr which Britain has amng the highest rates in the regin, als plays a rle.
Ⅲ．Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
Methane (甲烷) is a greenhuse gas. Over 20 years it has ver 80 times the planet-cking pwer f carbn dixide, and is ____21____ fr nearly 45%f warming tday. Because methane is the main ____22____ f natural gas, much f man-made emissins cmes frm the energy industry. Yet because it is shrt-lived, cntrlling methane ffers the wrld its best pssible chance fr ____23____ prgress against climate change.
As COP28, the UN’s climate summit, gets ____24____ in Dubai, it is greatly encuraging, therefre, that the chances f such a deal n methane are gd. Negtiatrs must ____25____ at a rare pprtunity t strike ne.
The reasn a deal lks pssible is that the plitics are prmising in all the biggest markets. China has recently annunced that it will start including methane in its natinal climate plans. America will sn finalize regulatins t ____26____ methane emissins frm its huge il and gas sectr, including measures that cver leaky pipelines and strage. And the Eurpean Unin has als agreed n tugh methane standards, cvering bth dmestic surces and ____27____ fssil fuels.
____28____ are helping, t. A range f new technlgies fr mnitring methane will help ____29____ large surces f emissins frm the energy industry. Because il and gas firms can ften sell methane (rather than wastefully burning r releasing it), many investment s t avid _____30_____ will pay fr themselves. Mst firms d nt invest because f the truble, higher returns n ther prjects, r wells’ distance frm cnsumers. Whatever the reasn, they suffer n _____31_____ fr adding needlessly t glbal warming.
Since green-washing, the prcess f cnveying a false impressin abut hw sme prducts r measures are envirnmentally sund, is quite cmmn, if a glbal methane deal is t be mre than that, _____32_____, it will need rigur (缜密). Methane-cntrl seemed t _____33_____ at the UN climate summit in Glasgw tw years ag, when negtiatrs _____34_____ came up with a prpsal t cut emissins by 30% by 2030．Yet the deal was vluntary, and had n enfrcement mechanisms (机制); emissins have since _____35_____. An agreement this time rund must link prmises t natinal climate plans and, crucially, t dmestic enfrcement mechanisms.
21. A. pwerfulB. nticeableC. respnsibleD. pssible
22. A. causeB. ingredientC. agentD. cnsequence
23. A. quickB. ecnmicC. riginalD. natinal
24. A. under wayB. in the makingC. n bardD. t the pint
25. A. stareB. pintC. cmeD. leap
26. A. increaseB. stabilizeC. reduceD. balance
27. A. imprtedB. lcalizedC. exprtedD. glbalized
28. A. RevlutinsB. EvlutinsC. ReslutinsD. Innvatins
29 A. createB. activateC. decreaseD. spt
30. A. disastersB. delaysC. emissinsD. examinatins
31. A. lssB. punishmentC. abuseD. defeat
32. A. hweverB. therefreC. furtherD. nce
33. A. pay ffB. make utC. run utD. take ff
34. A. nisilyB. admittedlyC. reluctantlyD. accidentally
35. A. declinedB. disappearedC. swungD. risen
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
（A）
The cast f the State f Maine is ne f the mst irregular in the wrld. A straight line running frm the suthernmst castal city t the nrthernmst castal city wuld measure abut 225 miles. If yu fllwed the castline between these pints, yu wuld travel mre than ten times as far. This irregularity is the result f what is called a drwned castline. The term cmes frm the glacial (冰川的) activity f the Ice Age. At that time, the whle area that is nw Maine was part f a muntain range that twered abve the sea. As the glacier declined, hwever, it applied enrmus frce n thse muntains, and they sank int the sea.
As the muntains sank, cean water charged ver the lwest parts f the remaining land. And the highest parts f the frmer muntain range, nearest the shre, remained as islands. Marine fssils fund here are 225 feet abve sea level indicating the level f the shreline prir t the glacier.
The 2,500-mile-lng rcky and jagged (锯齿状的) castline f Maine keeps watching ver nearly 2,000 islands. Many f these islands are tiny and uninhabited, but many are hme t blming cmmunities. Mt. Desert Island is ne f the largest, mst beautiful f the Maine cast islands left behind by the glacier. Measuring 16 miles by 12 miles, Mt. Desert was very nearly frmed as tw distinct islands. It is split almst in half by Smes Sund, a very deep and very narrw stretch f water seven miles lng.
Fr years, Mt. Desert Island, particularly its majr settlement, Bar Harbr, has affrded summer hmes fr the wealthy. Recently, thugh, Bar Harbr has becme a new arts cmmunity as well. But the best part f the island is the unspiled frest land knwn as Acadia Natinal Park. Since the island sits n the brder between tw different gegraphical znes, the park supprts the plants and animals f bth znes. It als lies in a majr bird migratin lane and is a resting spt fr many birds.
36. The large number f small islands alng the cast f Maine is the result f ______.
A. the drwning f the Maine castlineB. glacier’s frcing muntains int the sea
C. the irregularity f the Maine castlineD. cean water’s flding the muntain range
37. What des the underlined wrd “charge” mean in paragraph 2?
A. T ask an amunt f mney.
B. T accuse smene publicly f ding smething wrng.
C. T rush in a particular directin.
D. T pass electricity thrugh smething.
38. Which f the fllwing statements best expresses the main idea f paragraph 4 f the selectin?
A. The wealthy residents f Mt. Desert Island selfishly kept it t themselves.
B. Acadia Natinal Park is ne f the best natinal parks.
C. On Mt. Desert Island, there is great tensin between the residents and turists.
D. Mt. Desert Island supprts an incredibly diverse animal and plant life.
39. Frm the passage, we learn that ________.
A. the castline f Maine is ten times lnger after the Ice Age
B. there are mre than 2,500 islands alng the Maine castline
C. Mt. Desert Island has been brken apart by a 7-mile-lng water stretch
D. an arts cmmunity gave way t the summer hmes n Mt. Desert Island
（B）
40. ________ is the main disagreement between Marija Strjnik and Gerard Kriss.
A. The definitin f a planetB. The imprtance f detecting explanets
C. The artistic representatin f explanetsD. The use f the term “direct imaging”
41. Hw des Dr. Strjnik feel abut the interpretatin f a bright spt as an explanet?
A. She supprts it, as it is a cmmn practice in explanet astrnmy.
B. She apprves f it, althugh it des nt prvide a clear picture f the explanet.
C. She believes it is nly pssible thrugh visual bservatin and psitive assumptin.
D. She cnsiders the interpretatin t be debatable, as it requires significant prcessing.
42. Where can yu find these tw letters?
A. In the textbk.B. In a lcal newspaper.
C. In a published essay.D. In a science jurnal.
（C）
The ancient Egyptians thught s little f the brain that when a king died, they remved the brain frm his bdy and threw it away. The Egyptians assumed, like many peple befre and after them, that cnsciusness — yur mind and yur thughts existed in the heart.
Nw we knw that the mind is a prduct f the brain, but hw exactly des this 1.5-kil piece f matter create a mind that allws yu t think abut yurself, experience happiness and anger, r remember events that happened 20 minutes r 20 years ag? This isn’t a new questin. Tday, hwever, pwerful new techniques fr visualizing the surces f thught, emtin, behavir, and memry are transfrming the way we understand the brain and the mind it creates.
Have yu ever stpped and thught, “What’s wrng with me tday? I just dn’t feel like myself”? Perhaps yu were mre tired r wrried than usual — but smehw, yu knew that smething was different abut yu. This self-awareness - the ability t think abut yurself and hw yu’re feeling-is an imprtant part f being human.
This part f f yur mind has its rigins in the prefrntal crtex — a regin f yur brain just behind yur frehead that extends t abut yur ears. Befre this area began t functin (arund age tw), yu didn’t understand that yu were a separate individual with yur wn identity. As this part f yur brain develped, yu became mre aware f yurself and yur thughts and feelings.
Thugh humans may share certain emtins and recgnize them in thers, we dn’t all have the same emtinal respnse t every situatin. In fact, mst emtinal respnses are learned and stred in ur memries. The smell f freshly cut grass, fr example, will generate happy feelings in smene wh spent enjyable childhd summers in the cuntryside, but nt in smene wh was frced t wrk lng hurs n a farm. Once an emtinal assciatin like this is made, it is very difficult t reverse it. “Emtin is the least flexible part f the brain,” says psychlgist Paul Ekman. But we can learn t cntrl ur emtins by becming cnsciusly aware f their underlying causes and by nt reacting autmatically t things in ur envirnment.
Fr centuries, peple have studied the brain, but it is nly in recent years that we have really started t learn hw it wrks. Nevertheless, there is still a lng way t g befre we understand ur mind’s many cmplexities.
43. What is the passage mainly abut?
A. Hw we create and cntrl emtins.B. Hw the mind wrks.
C. Hw human beings are distinct.D. Hw emtins are prcessed.
44. Why des the authr mentin the ancient Egyptians’ practice in the very beginning?
A. T illustrate the imprtance f the heart in ancient Egyptian culture.
B. T intrduce the cre theme f the mind-bdy cnnectin and evlutin.
C. T prvide an example f hw the brain has been misunderstd thrughut histry.
D. T cntrast the ancient Egyptians’ views n the brain with the mdern ne.
45. Which f the fllwing statement is NOT true?
A. Self-awareness develps befre the age f tw.
B. The prefrntal crtex affects a persn’s emtins.
C. The prefrntal crtex is lcated at the frnt f the brain.
D. Self-awareness strengthens with the develpment f the brain.
46. What des the passage suggest abut the flexibility f emtins?
A. Emtins are universal and d nt change ver time r with individual experiences.
B. Emtins are generally learned and stred in ur memries, making them quite flexible.
C. Emtins are influenced by ur persnal experiences and can vary frm persn t persn.
D. Emtins are the least flexible part f the mind, and they cannt be cntrlled.
Sectin C
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
It is certainly difficult t make mney. But shuld mney be difficult t give away? In The Gilded Age, industrialists such as Andrew Carnegie and Jhn D. Rckefeller wrried abut waste and misuse; Carnegie wrte in 1889 that $950 f every $1,000 that went t charity was “unwisely spent”. ____47____ Dnrs ran lengthy applicatin prcesses, prvided funds and fulfilled painstaking reprting requirements. In 2006 The Ecnmist called it “philanthrcapitalism (慈善资本主义)”.
____48____ The 400 richest Americans have given away just 6% f their cmbined frtunes, accrding t Frbes. At the last cunt in 2022, almst $1.2 trn was sitting in American private fundatins and $230bn in dnr-advised funds, a srt f savings accunt fr dnrs. Plenty f mney is being marked fr charity. But it is nt getting t wrthy causes fast enugh.
Frtunately, a new generatin f dnrs is nce again shaking up the wrld f big philanthrpy (慈善事业). Leading the missin is MacKenzie Sctt, wh simplified the prcess f giving and is dnating billins f dllars a year with few cnditins. This “n-strings giving” is changing mega-dnrs’ lng-held assumptins. ____49____
One is the recgnitin that philanthrpists d nt have t d everything themselves. ____50____ An upside f a decades-lng trend fr businesslike philanthrpy is that armies f cnsultants have emerged t help dnrs draw up a strategy and cnduct due diligence n ptential recipients. Dnrs can team up and share the wrk, t.
Anther lessn frm the n-strings crwd is that philanthrpists can trust recipients t put mney t gd use nce the prper due diligence is in place. That means analyzing a nnprfit rganizatin’s annual reprts and interviewing its leaders and ther funders.
A. It ffers lessns fr thse struggling t get mney ut f the dr.
B. In additin t that, her charity wrk is t numerus t mentin.
C. Hwever, this idea that charities’ mney is wasted has been prven wrng by evidence.
D. Mega-dnrs n lnger need t endure the truble f setting up a fundatin and hiring staff.
E. Tw decades n, hwever, it’s becme clear that all this paperwrk puts the brakes n giving.
F. Arund the turn f the millennium dnrs lked t data and rules as a way t stp waste.
Ⅳ．Summary Writing
51. Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Fr thusands f years, Chinese peple have valued the large family with three, fur, r even five generatins living under the same rf. That's what we call an extended family. Nw it is changing. Cmpared t extended families. nuclear families which invlve nly tw generatins living tgether are becming the trend. Apart frm family size, these families are als featured by reduced dependence n the last generatin. Yung peple are able t make decisins n their wn and children are less likely t be brught up by their grandparents.
The reasn fr the tendency f nuclear families can be reflected as fllws. It's a time when yung peple think highly f individual freedm. Yung peple like t have persnal space that wn't be disturbed by the ld generatins. In this way, they are mre likely t avid cnflicts caused by different living habits frm their parents.
It's als a time when scial welfare institutins are highly advanced fr ld peple t lead a cmfrtable life . Senir citizens can live tgether in sme nursing hmes and be taken gd care f by specialized nursing wrkers, which may base yung peple's heavy burden f attending their aging parents.
Hwever, the prblem cncerning attending t children turns up as the number f nuclear families increases. Yung peple are busy with their wrk and spend less time with their children. As a result, lacking enugh care bth frm their parents and grandparents during their grwth, children may develp mental illnesses like lneliness and depressin. Many yung peple, therefre, hire babysitters t lk after and keep cmpany with their children, which adds a financial burden t them.
Facing the prblem abve, yung peple can seek help frm ld generatins, cmmunities and gvernment. Old generatins are welcmed t take care f their grandchildren, especially when yung peple are asked t wrk vertime. Cmmunities ught t rganize sme vlunteers t lk after unattended kids. And gvernment can set up special lads fr yung peple t relieve their financial prblem. With the jint effrts, nuclear families are expected t fit in well with the develpment f the sciety.
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Ⅴ．Translatin
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrd given in the brackets.
52. 校餐也要以其他食品的推销方法推销给孩子。（the same way）(汉译英)
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53. 为了培养学生地道的口音，该大学计划从国外聘请一些英文老师。（handful）(汉译英)
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54. 与这位家喻户晓的建筑师一起工作是一次难忘的经历，是我职业生涯迄今为止的一个亮点。(highlight) (汉译英)
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55. 主席不仅致力于打造一个科技强国，还号召人们加强科技创新园区的建设，并推动绿色制造业的发展。（call n）(汉译英)
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Ⅵ．Guided Writing
56. Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学的学生吴磊，你校英文报《英语拾零》（English Sidelights）正庆祝创刊十周年，请你写一篇文章投稿，内容包括：
● 读报的经历；
● 喜爱的栏目；
● 期望和祝福。
（文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称）
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________A．apply B．bradly C．cmplicated D．dwnside E．hardly F．neighbrs
G．verburdened H．pills I．re-labeling J．turning K．wrse
T the Editrs:
I am surprised t read that Dr. Strjnik (“Direct Detectin f Explanets,” September-Octber2023) states that we have nt yet and cannt directly image explanets (外部行星). This is incrrect. NASA/IPAC has a list at
One example is an image f 51 Eridani b. The planet is 2.6 times as massive as Jupiter and has the same radius (半径).
Gerard Kriss
Space Telescpe Science Institute
Dr. Gerard:
I am pleased that my article brught a respnse. The phrase “planet detectin” aruses in peple’s imaginatins beautiful images f planets that are creative artistic representatins f nvel wrlds. But a blur f brightness is nt an image.
Explanet researchers rutinely call vides such as the ne belw f 51 Eridani b “direct images” because the planet’s light has been separated frm that f its star. “Directly imaged” is the standard language f explanet astrnmy. But t an ptical (光学的) scientist such as myself, there is a strng distinctin between direct detectin (the planet’s light separated frm the light f its star) and direct imaging (a prven picture f the explanet). Frm an ptical researcher’s perspective, a single bright spt simply is nt an image.
Indeed, even the wrd “direct” in direct detectin is debatable frm an ptical researcher’s pint f view. The detectin f the light f the explanet requires significant prcessing, adding multiple images and remving starlight based n theretical mdels f the surce signal.
But the interpretatin f a bright spt as a planet is nly pssible upn visual inspectin and ptimistic thinking. As an ptical scientist, I cannt lk at a single spt and call it an image f explanets. A trajectry (轨迹), r a series f bright pints, is nt an image f a planet, althugh it very likely represents smething that nwadays is described as an explanet.
Marija Strjnik
参考答案
Ⅰ．Listening Cmprehensin （略）
1. illustrated 2. he 3. t be killed 4. frm 5. because
6. have 7. ensuring 8. what 9. where 10. can
11. H 12. F 13. K 14. G 15. J 16. E
17. D 18. I 19. A 20. C
21. C 22. B 23. A 24. A 25. D
26. C 27. A 28. D 29. D 30. C
31. B 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. D
36. A 37. C 38. D 39. C
40. D 41. C 42. D
43. B 44. C 45. A 46. C
47. F 48. E 49. A 50. D
51. The trend f nuclear families is increasing in China, with fewer generatins living tgether under ne rf. Hwever, this trend als leads t challenges in child care, as parents have less time t spend with their children. Slutins such as invlving grandparents, cmmunity vlunteers, and gvernment supprt are suggested t address these challenges.
52. Schl meals shuld als be marketed t children in the same way as ther fds.
53. In rder t cultivate students' authentic accent, the university plans t hire a handful f English teachers frm abrad.
54. Wrking with this universally renwned architect was an unfrgettable experience, undubtedly a highlight f my career thus far.
55. The Chairman nt nly fcuses n building a strng cuntry in science and technlgy but als calls n peple t strengthen the cnstructin f science and technlgy innvatin parks and t prmte the develpment f green manufacturing.
56.
English Sidelights and Me
I have been an avid reader f English Sidelights since the day my teacher recmmended it t me. I remember that the first time I picked up a cpy f the paper, I was struck by the quality f the writing and the depth f the cverage. Since then, I have made it a habit t read it every day.
One f my favrite sectins is the Opinin. I appreciate the diverse range f views and perspectives presented in this sectin. The editrials are well-researched and thught-prvking, and the guest cmmentaries ffer fresh insights int a variety f issues.
I expect the paper t stay true t its cre values and t cntinue t prvide readers with high-quality reprting and analysis. On this special ccasin f the 10th anniversary f English Sidelights, I hpe the paper will thrive and grw in the years ahead.
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