高考英语复习题型突破语法填空含答案

这是一份高考英语复习题型突破语法填空含答案，共65页。试卷主要包含了 r 考查连词， by 考查介词， their 考查代词， a 考查冠词， 1等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023
01-2023新课标Ⅰ
Xia lng ba (sup dumplings), thse amazing cnstructins f delicate dumpling wrappers encasing ht, 1. (taste) sup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favrite Chinese street fd. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerusly ht. T eat ne, yu have t decide whether 2. (bite) a small hle in it first, releasing the steam and risking a spill(溢出), 3. t put the whle dumpling in yur muth, letting the ht sup explde n yur tngue(舌头).
Shanghai may be the 4. (recgnize) hme f the sup dumpling, but fd histrians will actually pint yu t the neighbring ancient canal twn f Nanxiang as xia lng ba’s birthplace. There, yu’ll find them prepared differently—mre dumpling and less sup—and the wrappers are pressed 5. hand rather than rlled.
Nanxiang aside, the best xia lng ba have a fine skin, allwing them 6. (lift) ut f the steamer basket withut tearing r spilling any f 7. (they) cntents. The meat shuld be fresh with 8. tuch f sweetness, and the surrunding sup ht, clear and delicius.
N matter where I buy them, thugh, ne steamer basket is 9. (rare) enugh, yet tw seems greedy, and s I am always left 10.(want) mre next time.
答案
语篇解读 本文是说明文，主题语境为饮食文化。本文主要讲了小笼包的构造、味道和发源地。
1. tasty 考查词性转换。句意：小笼包（灌汤包），精致的包子皮包裹着热腾腾的美味汤汁和香喷喷的新鲜肉馅，无疑是我最爱的中国街边食物。设空处修饰名词sup，所以用形容词tasty。
2. t bite 考查动词的非谓语形式。句意：要吃一个小笼包，你就必须决定是先咬一小口，让热气散发，同时冒着溢出汤汁的风险，还是把整个包子都放进嘴里，让热汤汁在你的舌尖爆开。本句已有谓语have t decide，设空处与whether连用构成“wh-词+不定式”结构，作decide的宾语，故填t bite。
3. r 考查连词。句意参见上题解析。此处为结构，意为“是……还是……”。
4. recgnized 考查动词的非谓语形式。句意：上海可能是公认的小笼包的发源地，但是食物历史学家会向你指出上海周边的古运河小镇南翔才是小笼包的发源地。设空处位于定冠词后、名词前，应使用非谓语形式作定语。设空处与被修饰词hme构成被动关系，应使用过去分词形式，故填recgnized。
5. by 考查介词。句意：在那里，你会发现它们的做法不同——皮厚汤少——皮是手工压制的而不是擀的。by hand意为“用手工”。
6. t be lifted 考查动词的非谓语形式。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有精细的皮，这就使它们能从笼里被提出而不会裂开或者漏馅儿。此处为allw sb./sth. t d sth.结构，t d作宾补，此处表达小笼包被提起，设空处与宾语them构成被动关系，应使用不定式的被动式。故填t be lifted。
7. their 考查代词。句意参见上题解析。设空处修饰名词cntents，指代xia lng ba,所以需要用形容词性物主代词their。
8. a 考查冠词。 句意：肉应该是新鲜的，有一股香味，包裹的汤汁热气腾腾、清澈透亮又美味无比。a tuch f表示“一点，些许”。
9. rarely 考查词性转换。句意：不管我在哪里买，一笼极少够吃，但是两笼又好像多了，所以我总是想下次吃更多。设空处作状语，所以要用副词形式。
10. wanting 考查动词的非谓语形式。句意参见上题解析。“leave+宾语+ding”意为“使某人处于……状态”。
02-2023新课标Ⅱ
Whenever I tell peple that I teach English at the Berlin Z, I almst always get a questining lk. Behind it, the persn is trying t figure ut wh exactly I animals?
Since June 2017, right befre the 1. (arrive) f the tw new pandas, Meng Meng and Jia Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the z t feel mre cmfrtable and 2. (cnfidence) speaking English. And wh d they speak English 3. ?
Nt the pandas, even thugh 4. language used fr the medical training instructins is actually English. They talk t the fld f internatinal turists and t 5 . (visit) Chinese zkeepers wh ften cme t check n the pandas, which are n lan frm China. They als need t be ready t give 6. (interview) in English with internatinal jurnalists. This is 7. they need an English trainer.
S, what are they learning? 8. (basic), hw t describe a panda’s life. It’s been an hnr t watch the panda prgramme develp 9. t see the pandas settle int their new hme. As a little girl, I 10. (wish) t be a zkeeper when I grew up. Nw, I’m living ut that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers d their jb in English.
答案
语篇解读 本文是记叙文，主题语境为社会服务与人际沟通，讲述了作者因柏林动物园租借中国大熊猫而教饲养员英语的经历，这段经历间接实现了作者儿时想要成为动物饲养员的梦想。
1. arrival 考查词性转换。句意：自2017年6月以来，正好在梦梦和娇庆两只新的大熊猫到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的大熊猫饲养员，让他们在说英语时感到更加放松和自信。设空处作介词befre的宾语，位于冠词之后、介词f之前，应该使用名词形式。故填arrival。
2. cnfident 考查词性转换。句意参见上题解析。设空处与cmfrtable并列，作feel的表语，应该使用形容词形式。故填cnfident。
3. t/with 考查介词。句意：他们和谁讲英语？与speak搭配的应该是介词t/with。故填t或with。
4. the 考查冠词。language后面有后置定语，此处特指医疗培训指令使用的语言，应该使用定冠词。故填the。
5. visiting 考查词性转换。句意：他们和许多国际游客以及来访的中国动物饲养员交谈，这些饲养员经常来查看大熊猫，这些大熊猫是从中国借出的。设空处修饰Chinese zkeepers，应该使用形容词形式，意为“访问的，客座的”。故填visiting。
6. interviews 考查名词的复数形式。句意：他们也需准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。interview是可数名词，前面没有冠词或形容词性物主代词限定，应使用复数形式。故填interviews。
7. why 考查表语从句。句意：这就是为什么他们需要一位英语培训师。空后成分完整，空前为系动词is，故设空处引导表语从句，解释需要英语培训师的原因。故填why。
8. Basically 考查词性转换。句意：基本上，（学习）如何描述大熊猫的生活。设空处修饰后面整个句子，应该使用副词形式。设空处位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Basically。
9. and 考查并列连词。句意：看到这个大熊猫项目发展以及看到大熊猫们在新家安顿下来是一种荣耀。设空处后面的t see与设空处前面的t watch并列。故填and。
10. wished 考查动词的时态。句意：当我是个小女孩时，我希望长大后能成为一名动物饲养员。根据前面的As a little girl以及后面的grew up可知设空处应该使用一般过去时。故填wished。
2022
01-2022新高考Ⅰ
The Chinese gvernment recently finalized a plan t set up a Giant Panda Natinal Park(GPNP). 1. (cver) an area abut three times 2. size f Yellwstne Natinal Park, the GPNP will be ne f the first natinal parks in the cuntry. The plan will extend prtectin t a significant number f areas that 3. (be) previusly unprtected, bringing many f the existing prtected areas fr giant pandas under ne authrity 4. (increase) effectiveness and reduce incnsistencies in management.
After a three⁃year pilt perid, the GPNP will be fficially set up next year. The GPNP 5. (design) t reflect the guiding principle f “prtecting the authenticity(原真性) and integrity f natural ecsystems, preserving bilgical diversity, prtecting eclgical buffer znes, 6. leaving behind precius natural assets(资产) fr future generatins”. The GPNP's main gal is t imprve cnnectivity between separate 7. (ppulatin) and hmes f giant pandas, and 8. (eventual) achieve a desired level f ppulatin in the wild.
Giant pandas als serve 9. an umbrella species, bringing prtectin t a hst f plants and animals in the suthwestern and nrthwestern parts f China. The GPNP is intended t prvide strnger prtectin fr all the species 10. live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly imprve the health f the ecsystem in the area.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。大熊猫国家公园的建立不仅能保护大熊猫,而且能够促进该区域所有物种的健康发展。
1.Cvering 考查动词的非谓语形式。the GPNP与设空处为逻辑上的主动关系,且设空处位于句首,故用cver的现在分词形式(Cvering),意为“占地……”。
2.the 考查冠词。倍数的表达方法:倍数+the+名词(size/length...)+f。
3.were 考查动词的时态。根据句子结构可知,此处是that引导的定语从句。根据空格前的先行词areas及空格后面的previusly unprtected 可知,此处填were,构成一般过去时的被动语态。
4.t increase 考查动词的非谓语形式。根据句意可知,把很多现存的大熊猫保护区统一管理起来是为了提高效率和减少不一致的管理。此处用动词不定式作目的状语。
5.is designed 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。本句表述事实,故用一般现在时;此处与主语构成被动关系,表示“大熊猫国家公园被设计来反映……的指导原则”,故用被动语态;主语The GPNP为第三人称单数,故填is designed。
6.and 考查并列连词。leaving behind...与prtecting the authenticity...、preserving bilgical...、prtecting eclgical...是顺承关系,作f的宾语。
7.ppulatins 考查名词。根据空格后的and hmes可知,此处需要填名词复数形式。
8.eventually 考查副词。设空处修饰achieve,用副词形式。
9.as 考查固定搭配。serve as 充当,担当。
10.that 考查定语从句。从句中缺主语,先行词是the species,且先行词前有all修饰,关系词用that。
02-2022新高考Ⅱ
Henry Tyler made the catch f the year n the weekend. When he saw a yung child hanging frm a sixth⁃flr apartment balcny(阳台), Henry ran ne hundred metres, jumped ver a 1.2⁃metre fence, and held ut his arms t catch the 1. (fall) child.
Eric Brwn, nly three years ld, kncked Henry dwn when he fell. The by is in the hspital and dctrs say he'll be OK.
2. Brwn family live in an apartment building utside Trnt. On the day f the accident, Mrs. Brwn was at wrk and Eric was at hme with his father. They bth fell 3. (sleep) while watching TV.
Eric wke up a little later when he heard children playing utside. He pushed a chair nt the balcny, and climbed up 4. (see) them. When he lked dwn, he 5. (accidental) slipped and fell ver the edge. He hung n fr a few minutes 6. screamed fr his father, but his father didn't hear him.
Henry 7. (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He lked up and saw Eric hanging frm the balcny. He quickly 8. (thrw) his tls aside, and started running, arms ut.
“He saved my 9. (sn) life,” said Mrs. Brwn. “I dn't knw 10. t thank him.”
“I just didn't want the by t be hurt,” said Henry.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为记叙文。文章讲述了一位叫Henry的小伙子勇敢、及时地救下从阳台跌落的孩子的事迹。
1.falling 考查动词的非谓语形式。此处为现在分词作定语,表示“正在跌落的孩子”,因此用falling。
2.The 考查冠词。The Brwn family表示“布朗一家”,故用定冠词The。
3.asleep 考查词性转换。动词转换为形容词。设空处与fell(fall)构成固定搭配fall asleep,意为“睡着,入睡”。
4.t see 考查动词的非谓语形式。此处为不定式作状语。前面一系列动作的目的是“看见”,因此填t see。
5.accidentally 考查词性转换。形容词转换为副词。Eric本想向外看,却“意外地”滑落,此处用副词修饰动词,填accidentally。
6.and 考查连词。本句中hung n与screamed是两个顺承的动作,故填并列连词and。
7.was fixing 考查动词时态和主谓一致。be 表示一个动作正在进行,这时另一个动作突然发生。语境为Henry正在修车,这时他突然听到尖叫声。全文整体时态为过去时态且主语为第三人称单数,故填was fixing。
8.threw 考查动词时态。本句体现救人的动作。设空处与and后面的started并列,作本句的谓语。全文整体时态为过去时态,故填过去式threw。
9.sn's 考查名词所有格。他救了“我”儿子的性命。save ne's life为固定短语,意为“挽救某人的生命”。故填所有格sn's。
10.hw 考查与不定式连用的疑问词。设空处与后面的不定式构成固定结构,在本句中作knw的宾语,意为“不知道如何感谢他”,因此填hw。
2021
01-2021新高考Ⅰ
Ging t Munt Huangshan reminds me f the ppular Beatles' sng “The Lng and Winding Rad”. 1. is s breathtaking abut the experience is the ut⁃f⁃this⁃wrld scenes. The rlling sea f cluds yu see nce yu are at the tp will remind yu hw tiny we 2. (human)are.
The ht spring at the ft f the muntain is smething yu must try after the climb. It will 3. (undubted)help yu get refreshed! The amazing thing abut the spring is that the clder the temperature gets, the 4. (ht) the spring! Strange, isn't it? But that's hw nature is—always leaving us 5. (astnish).
What cmes next is the endless series f steps. Yu can't help wndering hw hard it 6. (be) fr the peple then t put all thse rcks int place. Thugh it is the nly unnatural thing n yur way up the muntain, still it highlights the whle adventure 7. ffers a place where yu can sit dwn t rest yur 8. (ache)legs.
As the sng ges, this lng and winding rad “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitr's memry. It sure des in 9. (I). While yu're in China, Munt Huangshan is 10. must t visit!
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为记叙文。作者主要描述了自己游览黄山的经历。
1.What 本题考查名词性从句。句意:这次经历的激动人心之处在于这极美的景色。“ is s breathtaking abut the experience”为主语从句,该从句中缺少主语,且设空处表示“事物”,故填What。
2.humans 本题考查名词的“数”。句意:一旦你站在山顶上,你看到的滚滚云海会提醒你,我们人类是多么渺小。设空处作“we”的同位语,且设空处后的谓语动词是“are”,由此可知,设空处需填名词复数形式,故填humans。
3.undubtedly 本题考查副词。句意:毫无疑问,它会帮助你恢复精力!设空处作状语,需用副词形式,故填undubtedly。
4.htter 本题考查形容词。句意:这个温泉的神奇之处在于(周围环境的)温度越低,这个温泉的温度就越高!根据本句中的“the clder the temperature gets”可知在设空处填htter。
5.astnished 本题考查动词的非谓语形式作宾补。句意:但是大自然就是这样——总是让我们惊讶。设空处作宾补,意为:感到惊讶的,故填astnished。
6.was 本题考查时态。句意:你会不禁想到当时的人们把那些石头铺好是多么困难。根据本句中的“fr the peple then t put all thse rcks int place”可推知设空处介绍的是过去的情况,需用一般过去时,故填was。
7.and 本题考查连词。句意:虽然这是你在上山路上见到的唯一非自然景观,但它仍然是整个险途中的亮点,并给(由于爬山)腿疼的旅客提供了一个歇脚的地方。设空处前后的谓语动词“highlights”与“ffers”为递进关系,故填并列连词and。
8.aching 本题考查动词的非谓语形式作定语。设空处作定语,修饰legs。被修饰词legs与ache为逻辑上的主动关系,故填现在分词aching。
9.mine 本题考查代词。句意:正如歌中所唱,这条漫长并曲折的道路“永远不会消失”,它将永远留在游客的记忆中。它肯定会留在“我”的记忆中。设空处填mine代替my memry。
10.a 本题考查冠词。句意:当你在中国的时候,黄山是一定要去参观的!设空处后的must为名词,意为:必须做的事。在本句中must表示泛指,需与不定冠词连用,故填a。
02-2021新高考Ⅱ
I've always lved the cean. In the 1. (seven) grade, I started vlunteering at the Mnterey Bay Aquarium in Califrnia. I was upset t learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, 2. (think)it is fd.
I decided t d smething 3. (educate) peple abut this prblem. I held presentatins at schls t teach kids abut plastic waste. I wanted t reach businesses t. I decided that if I learned f a cmpany 4. used a lt f plastic, I'd send it an email urging it t cut back.
One day, I saw a cmmercial fr a health⁃care cmpany. Peple in the ad were using plastic straws(吸管). I fund the cntact infrmatin f the cmpany 5. emailed its president. I tld him hw 6. (harm) plastic culd be t the envirnment and asked him t cnsider using mre ec⁃friendly ptins. I was s 7. (excite) when he wrte back t me. He said he wuld make sure that the cmpany cut its use f plastic straws in half.
I kept ging. Whenever I heard f businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One f the biggest cmpanies I wrte t 8. (be) Alaska Airlines. A cmpany 9. (represent) wrte back and tld me the airline was switching ver 10. plastic t paper cups n all f its 1,200 daily flights.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为记叙文,介绍了作者为减少塑料垃圾所做出的努力。
1.seventh 考查序数词。句意:七年级的时候,我开始在加利福尼亚州的蒙特雷湾水族馆做志愿者。 表示“七年级” 用序数词。
2.thinking 考查动词的非谓语形式。句意:当我得知许多海洋动物吃塑料垃圾,以为那是食物时,我很难过。think与其逻辑主语many sea animals之间是主动关系,故用现在分词。
3.t educate 考查动词的非谓语形式。句意:我决定做一些事情来教育人们了解这个问题。空格处作目的状语,故填t educate。
4.that/which 考查定语从句。句意:我决定,如果我得知有哪家公司大量使用塑料,我就给它发邮件,敦促它减少塑料的使用。定语从句的先行词为a cmpany,设空处在定语从句中作主语,指物,故填which或that。
5.and 考查连词。句意:我找到了这家公司的联系方式,并给公司总裁发了电子邮件。“fund”和“emailed”之间是并列关系,用and连接两个并列的谓语动词。
6.harmful 考查形容词。句意:我告诉他塑料对环境多么有害,并请他考虑使用更环保的选择方案。该处为“hw+adj.”结构,故填harmful。
7.excited 考查形容词。句意:当他给我回信时,我很兴奋。该空作was的表语,用形容词,修饰人,表示“兴奋的”,故填excited。
8.was 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:我给写过信的最大的公司之一是阿拉斯加航空公司。 根据定语从句的谓语动词“wrte”可知这里描述发生在过去的事情,用一般过去时;“ne f+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”结构后谓语动词用单数,故填was。
9.representative 考查名词。句意:一位公司代表回信告诉我,该航空公司将把每天1200个航班的塑料杯换成纸杯。该空作句子主语,用名词,前面有不定冠词修饰,用名词单数,故填representative。
10.frm 考查介词。句意:一位公司代表回信告诉我,该航空公司将把每天1200个航班上的塑料杯换成纸杯。 从……到……。
2020
01-2020新高考Ⅰ
Many peple have the hbby f cllecting things, e.g. stamps, pstcards r antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries, 1. (wealth) peple travelled and cllected plants, histrical bjects and wrks f art. They kept their cllectin at hme until it gt t big 2. until they died, and then it was given t a museum. The 80,000 bjects cllected by Sir Hans Slane, fr example, 3. (frm) the cre cllectin f the British Museum 4. pened in 1759.
The parts f a museum pen t the public 5. (call)galleries r rms. Often, nly a small part f a museum's cllectin 6. (be) n display. Mst f it is stred away r used fr research.
Many museums are lively places and they attract a lt f visitrs. As well as lking at exhibits, visitrs can play with cmputer simulatins (模拟) and imagine 7. (they)living at a different time in histry r 8. (walk) thrugh a rainfrest. At the Jrvik Centre in Yrk, the city's Viking settlement is recreated, and peple experience the sights, sunds and smells f the ld twn. Histrical 9. (accurate) is imprtant but s is entertainment. Museums must cmpete 10. peple's spare time and mney with ther amusements. Mst museums als welcme schl grups and arrange special activities fr children.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。文章介绍了博物馆藏品的由来、藏品的展览方式以及博物馆给人们提供的各种体验。
1.wealthy 考查形容词。句意:在18世纪和19世纪,富裕的人们旅游的同时也收集植物、有历史的东西和艺术品。设空处作peple的定语,此处用形容词作定语,故填wealthy。
2.r 考查连词。句意:他们把自己的藏品留在家里,直到藏品变得太多或者他们去世,然后这些藏品被捐给一家博物馆。根据句意可知,设空处前后两个时间状语从句为选择关系,故用r。
3.frmed 考查动词的时态。句意:例如,Hans Slane爵士收集的八万件藏品成了大英博物馆的核心藏品,该博物馆于1759年开放。设空处的动词作谓语,根据语境可知应使用一般过去时态,故填frmed。
4.which/that 考查定语从句。设空处为引导定语从句的关系词,先行词是the British Museum,将先行词代入定语从句后为:The British Museum pened in 1759,关系词在定语从句中作主语,故填which或that。
5.are called 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:博物馆对公众开放的部分被称为展览馆或展览室。设空处的动词作谓语,因为陈述客观事实,所以应该使用一般现在时态。主语the parts f a museum和动词call之间为被动关系且表示复数概念,故填are called。
6.is 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:通常,博物馆的藏品只有一小部分被展出。设空处的动词作谓语,因为陈述客观事实,所以应该使用一般现在时态。主语为单数概念,故填is。
7.themselves 考查代词。句意:除了观赏展品,游客(还)可以玩电脑模拟(游戏),想象他们自己生活在一个不同的历史时期或漫步在热带雨林中。设空处作imagine的宾语,当主语visitrs 和宾语是同一群人时,要用反身代词作动词imagine的宾语。
8.walking 考查动词的非谓语形式。设空处与前面的living并列。故填walking。
9.accuracy 考查名词。句意:历史的准确性很重要但是娱乐也很重要。设空处在句中作主语,故填accuracy。
10.fr 考查介词。句意:为了(获取)人们的闲暇时间和金钱,博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动展开竞争。cmpete fr意为“争夺”。故填fr。
02-2020新高考Ⅱ
These days, it is nt unusual fr 10⁃ t 12⁃year⁃lds t publish their wn websites r fr secnd and third graders 1. (begin)cmputer classes. At the same time, cmputer games are becming increasingly ppular as majr publishing huses cntinue t develp 2. (educatin)cmputer prgrams fr children in preschl. Als, technlgical knw⁃hw has becme a 3. (require)fr mst jbs in an increasingly digital wrld, as the cmputer has becme a cmmn tl in mst 4. (prfessin).
The Digital Wrld is a set f vlumes 5. aim t describe hw digital systems influence sciety and help readers understand the nature f digital systems and their many interacting parts. Each vlume in the set explres 6. wide range f material, explains the basic cncepts f majr applicatins f digital systems, 7. discusses the influences they have n everyday life. Because the number f pssible tpics 8. (be)practically limitless, we fcus n a sample f the mst interesting and useful applicatins and tls and explain the basic principles f technlgy. Readers 9. (encurage)t cntinue explring the digital wrld with the guidance f 10. (we)Further Resurces sectin featured in each vlume.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了《数字世界》丛书的出版背景和目的等方面的信息。
1.t begin 考查动词的非谓语形式。句意:如今,10到12岁的孩子发布自己的网站,二年级和三年级学生开始上计算机课,这些都很常见。本题考查“it is +adj.+ fr sb. t d sth.”结构,该结构中it作形式主语,真正的主语为不定式。
2.educatinal 考查词性转化。此处表示“主要出版社继续为学前儿童开发寓教于乐的电脑程序”。修饰名词cmputer prgrams,需用形容词形式。
3.requirement 考查词性转化。句意:此外,在日益数字化的世界中,技术知识已成为大多数工作的必备条件,因为计算机已成为大多数职业的通用工具。动词becme后可接名词作宾语,根据前面的不定冠词a可知,用名词的单数形式。
4.prfessins 考查名词的数。 名词prfessin为可数名词,根据前面的修饰词mst可知应使用其复数形式。
5.that/which 考查定语从句。句意:《数字世界》是一套旨在描述数字系统如何影响社会并帮助读者理解数字系统的本质及其众多交互部分的丛书。设空处为引导定语从句的关系词,先行词是vlumes,将先行词代入定语从句后为:A set f vlumes aim t describe hw digital systems influence sciety and help readers understand the nature f digital systems and their many interacting parts.关系词在定语从句中作主语,指物。
6.a 考查冠词。句意:丛书中的每卷都探索了各种材料、解释数字系统的主要应用程序的基本概念并讨论了它们对日常生活的影响。a range f一系列。wide的发音以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a。
7.and 考查连词。discusses与explres和explains并列。
8.is 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:因为可能的主题的数量几乎是无限的,所以我们关注最有趣和最有用的应用程序和工具的一个样本,并解释技术的基本原理。the number f... 表示“……的数目”,后接可数名词的复数形式,谓语动词用单数。根据文章中的时态可知,用一般现在时。
9.are encuraged 考查时态和语态。句意:我们鼓励读者继续探索数字世界,并在每一卷的“参考资料”部分提供指导。主语Readers与encurage之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。根据文章中的时态可知,用一般现在时。
10.ur 考查代词。修饰Further Resurces sectin,应用形容词性物主代词。
课标全国卷（2014—2023）
2023
01-2023全国乙
Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the mdern. Frm Buddhist temples t museums, narrw hutng 1. ryal palaces, it is hme t mre than 3,000 years f glrius histry even dwn t its layut, with the city keeping its carefully 2. (build) system f ring rads.
But fr all its ancient buildings, Beijing is als a place 3. welcmes the fast-paced develpment f mdern life, with 21st-century architectural 4. (wnder)standing side by side with histrical buildings f the past.
It is a distinct visual cntrast(反差）that shuldn’t wrk, 5. smehw these tw very different wrlds make a gd cmbinatin. 6. (visit)several times ver the last 10 years, I 7. (amaze)by the c-existence f ld and new, and hw a city was able t keep such a rich heritage(遗产）while cnstantly grwing. As a phtgrapher, I have spent the last tw years 8. (recrd)everything I discvered.
The 9. (remark)develpment f this city, which is cnsciusly designed t prtect the past while stepping int the mdern wrld, 10. (mean)there is always smething new t discver here, and I culd be phtgraphing Beijing fr the next 50 years.
答案
语篇解读 本文是说明文，主题语境为社会进步与人类文明。文章主要介绍了北京是一座结合了古代和现代的城市，成功地将古代的遗产与现代化的发展融合起来。
1. t 考查介词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，从狭窄的胡同到皇家宫殿，它拥有3,000多年的辉煌历史，甚至单从它的布局来看，这座城市一直保持着精心建造的环城道路系统。短语意为“从……到……”。故填t。
2. built 考查动词的非谓语形式。句意参见上题解析。build与system f ring rads为被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填built。
易错警示 该空易误填building。building system意为“建筑系统”，该短语为名词短语，不可用副词carefully来修饰。
3. that/which 考查定语从句。句意：除了它的全部古建筑，北京也是一个乐意接纳现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇观与过去的历史建筑并存。设空处引导定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词为表示事物的名词place，故填that或which。
4. wnders 考查名词的复数形式。句意参见上题解析。形容词architectural后接名词，wnder意为“奇观”，为可数名词，故用其复数形式。故填wnders。
5. but/yet 考查连词。句意：这是一种鲜明的视觉对比，本来是行不通的，但不知何故，这两个截然不同的世界却很好地结合在了一起。设空处前后为转折关系，故填but或yet。
6. Having visited 考查动词的非谓语形式。句意：在过去的10年里，我已经参观了几次，我惊讶于新旧共存，以及一个城市如何能在不断发展的同时保存如此丰富的遗产。设空处为非谓语形式作状语，逻辑主语I与动词visit之间为主动关系，又根据时间状语ver the last 10 years可知，此处应该用现在分词的完成式，并且该空位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Having visited。
7. was amazed 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意参见上题解析。设空处作句子谓语，空前提到在过去的10年里，“我”已经参观了几次，所以此处应是过去感到惊讶，应用一般过去时，又因主语I与动词amaze之间为被动关系，所以设空处应用一般过去时的被动语态。主语是I，故填was amazed。
8. recrding 考查动词的非谓语形式。句意：作为一名摄影师，我把过去的两年时间用于记录我发现的一切。本句已有谓语动词have spent，设空处应用动词的非谓语形式。spend time (in) ding sth. 为固定用法，意为“花费时间做某事”。故填recrding。
9. remarkable 考查词性转换。句意：这座城市的显著发展是有意设计的，目的是在步入现代世界的同时保护过去，这意味着这里总是有新的东西等待被发现，我可能会在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。形容词修饰名词develpment，故填remarkable，意为“非凡的，奇异的，显著的，引人注目的”。
10. means 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意参见上题解析。设空处作句子的谓语。该句的主语The remarkable develpment f this city为单数形式，而且该句描述的是客观事实，所以应用一般现在时。故填means。
02-2023全国甲
Fr thusands f years, peple have tld fables（寓言） 1. （teach）a lessn r t pass n wisdm. Fables were part f the ral traditin f many early cultures, and the well-knwn Aesp’s fables date t the 2. (six) century B.C. Yet, the frm f the fable still has values tday, 3. Rachel Carsn says in “A Fable fr Tmrrw.”
Carsn uses a simple, direct style cmmn t fables. In fact, her style and tne（口吻） are seemingly directed at children. “There was nce a twn in the heart f America 4. all life seemed t enjy peaceful c-existence with its surrundings,”her fable begins, 5. (brrw) sme familiar wrds frm many age-ld fables. Behind the simple style, hwever, is a serius message 6. (intend) fr everyne.
7. (difference) frm traditinal fables, Carsn’s stry ends with an accusatin instead f a mral. She warns f the envirnmental dangers facing sciety, and she teaches that peple must take respnsibility 8. saving their envirnment.
The themes f traditinal fables ften deal with simple truths abut everyday life. Hwever, Carsn’s theme is a mre weighty 9. (warn) abut envirnmental destructin. Carsn prves that a simple literary frm that has been passed dwn thrugh the ages can still 10. (emply) tday t draw attentin t imprtant truths.
答案
语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文，主题语境为文学名著，主要介绍了Rachel Carsn在《明天的寓言》中使用简单、直接的风格来警告社会面临的环境危险，并教导人们必须负责拯救自己的环境。
1. t teach 考查动词的非谓语形式。句意：几千年来，人们通过讲述寓言故事来给人教训或传承智慧。本句已有谓语have tld，设空处应用动词的非谓语形式作目的状语，故应使用动词不定式。也可以根据并列连词r与其后面的“t pass n wisdm”确定使用动词不定式。故填t teach。
2. sixth 考查序数词。句意：寓言是许多口头流传的早期文化的一部分，著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前六世纪。此处表达“公元前六世纪”，应使用序数词。故填sixth。
3. as 考查关系词。句意：然而，正如Rachel Carsn在她的《明天的寓言》中所说，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。根据句子结构可以判断，设空处前面是主句，设空处引导定语从句；这里表示“正如，正像”，应用as引导定语从句。故填as。
4. where 考查定语从句。句意：“在美国的中心地带曾经有个城镇，在这个城镇里，所有的生命似乎都能与周围的环境和平共处”，她的寓言是这样开头的，从许多古老的寓言中借用了一些熟悉的话语。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为twn(指地点)，关系词在从句中作状语，相当于in the twn。故填where。
5. brrwing 考查动词的非谓语形式。句意参见上题。本句已有谓语begins，设空处应用动词的非谓语形式作状语，所给提示词brrw与逻辑主语her fable之间是主动关系，应使用动词-ing形式。故填brrwing。
6. intended 考查形容词。句意：然而，在这种简单的风格背后是所有人都需要认真思考的信息。本句有系动词is和主语a serius message，此处为形容词短语作定语，修饰message。intended fr sb.意为“为某人打算（或设计）的”。故填intended。
7. Different 考查词性转换。句意：与传统的寓言不同，Carsn的故事以谴责结束，而不是教益。different frm为固定搭配，意为“与……不同”。故填Different。
8. fr 考查介词。句意：她警告（人们）社会面临的环境危险，并教导人们必须负责拯救自己的环境。take respnsibility fr ding sth.为固定搭配，意为“承担做某事的责任”。故填 fr。
9. warning 考查词性转换。句意：然而，Carsn的主题是一种更为沉重的对环境破坏的警告。根据设空处前面的a mre weighty（冠词+形容词比较级）和后面的介词abut可以确定此空应该用名词。故填warning。
10. be emplyed 考查被动语态。句意：Carsn证明，一种世代相传的简单文学形式今天仍然可以被用来引起人们对重要事实的关注。设空处作谓语，宾语从句的主语a simple literary frm与所给提示词emply构成被动关系，应使用被动语态。该空位于情态动词can后，故填be emplyed。
2022
01-2022全国乙
May 21st this year marks the first Internatinal Tea Day, which was named fficially 1. the United Natins n Nvember 27th, 2019. T celebrate 2. festival, a number f events tk place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing n Thursday.
The chairman f the China Culture Prmtin Sciety 3. (address) the pening ceremny. “As a main prmter f the Internatinal Tea Day, the birthplace f tea and the 4. (large) tea⁃prducing cuntry, China has a 5. (respnsible) t wrk with ther cuntries t prmte the healthy develpment f the tea industry. It can help t build a cmmunity with a 6. (share) future fr mankind,” he said.
The “First Internatinal Tea Day Tea Rad Cperative Initiative” issued(发布) at the ceremny calls fr peple wrking in the tea industry t cme tgether t prmte internatinal cperatin 7. cultural exchanges. A fur⁃year tea prmtin—Tea Rad Cperative Plan—was als issued in accrdance with the initiative.
8. (strengthen) the cnnectin with yung peple, the event included a number f public prmtinal activities n scial media, 9. (invite) twenty⁃nine tea prfessinals frm arund the wrld t have thirty⁃six hurs f uninterrupted live bradcasts.
The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was fficially unveiled(揭幕) at the ceremny, pening 10. (it) first exhibitin: The Avenue f Truth—A Special Exhibitin f Pu'er Tea.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。联合国设立国际茶日,为庆祝此节日,中国开展了一系列活动。
1.by 考查介词。由句意可知,国际茶日是由联合国正式命名的。by可表示“由;被”。be named by表示“由……命名”。
2.the 考查冠词。上文提到了这个节日(国际茶日),此处是特指,故用定冠词the。
3.addressed 考查动词时态。中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上发表演讲。设空处作谓语,又与段尾的said相呼应,表示过去的动作,故用一般过去时。
4.largest 考查形容词最高级。在一个大范围内(此处指在世界范围内的各个国家中),表示“最”的概念时,应该填最高级。
5.respnsibility 考查词性转换。空前有冠词a,此处应用可数名词的单数形式,故填respnsibility。
6.shared 考查动词的非谓语形式。a shared future一个共同的未来。设空处修饰名词future,share和future之间为被动关系,故用过去分词作前置定语。
7.and 考查连词。此处意为“促进国际合作和文化交流”,设空处前后的名词短语为并列关系,因此用and。
8.T strengthen 考查动词的非谓语形式。此处表示目的,应填t strengthen作状语,表示“为了加强……”;因位置在句首,首字母要大写。
9.inviting 考查动词的非谓语形式。此处为现在分词作伴随状语。“活动”和“邀请”之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词。
10.its 考查代词。设空处与后文的first一起修饰名词exhibitin,故用形容词性物主代词its。
02-2022全国甲
A visually⁃challenged man frm Beijing recently hiked(徒步) 40 days t Xi'an, as a first step 1. (jurney) the Belt and Rad rute(路线) by ft.
On the 1,100⁃kilmeter jurney, the man Ca Shengkang, 2. lst his eyesight at the age f eight in a car accident, crssed 40 cities and cunties in three prvinces. Inspired by the Belt and Rad Frum fr Internatinal Cperatin 3. (hld) in Beijing, Ca decided t cver the rute by hiking as a tribute(致敬) t the ancient Silk Rad. 4. friend f his, Wu Fan, vlunteered t be his cmpanin during the trip.
Ca and Wu als cllected garbage alng the rad, in rder t prmte envirnmental 5. (prtect). Ca believes this will make the hiking trip even mre 6. (meaning). The tw f them cllected mre than 1,000 plastic bttles alng the 40⁃day jurney.
In the last five years, Ca 7. (walk) thrugh 34 cuntries in six cntinents, and in 2016, he reached the tp f Kilimanjar, Africa's 8. (high) muntain.
Nw, Ca has started the secnd part f his dream t walk alng the Belt and Rad rute. He flew 4,700 kilmeters 9. Xi'an t Kashgar n Sept. 20, 10. (plan) t hike back t Xi'an in five mnths.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为记叙文。文章讲述的是一位盲人在朋友的陪伴下徒步40天从北京走到了西安并沿途做环保的经历。
1.t jurney 考查动词的非谓语形式。此处jurney是动词,意为“沿……旅行”,由于本句已出现谓语hiked,此处应用不定式作定语,修饰a first step。
2.wh 考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为人,关系词在从句中作主语,故用wh。
3.held 考查动词的非谓语形式。hld与前面的the Belt and Rad Frum fr Internatinal Cperatin构成逻辑上的被动关系,因此用过去分词held作后置定语。
4.A 考查冠词。空后有单数可数名词friend,设空处表示“一个”,故用不定冠词a;设空处在句首,要大写。
5.prtectin 考查词性转换。envirnmental 为形容词,修饰名词,故填prtect的名词形式。envirnmental prtectin意为“环境保护”。
6.meaningful 考查词性转换。even mre可修饰形容词或者副词,结合空前的make the hiking trip可知设空处作宾语补足语,故用形容词。
7.has walked 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。由前面的时间状语In the last five years可知,此处要用现在完成时,主语为第三人称单数,故填has walked。
8.highest 考查形容词最高级。由语境和常识可知,此处用highest表示“非洲最高的山”。
9.frm 考查介词。此处表示从出发地到目的地,应用“”结构。
10.planning 考查动词的非谓语形式。本句已有谓语flew, 此空作伴随状语,plan与He为逻辑上的主动关系,故填planning。
2021
01-2021全国乙
Ecturism is cmmnly regarded as lw impact(影响) travel t undisturbed places. It is different frm traditinal turism because it allws the traveler t becme 1. (educate) abut the areas—bth in terms f gegraphical cnditins and cultural characteristics, and ften prvides mney fr cnservatin and benefits the 2. (develp)f the lcal areas.
Ecturism has 3. (it)rigin with the envirnmental mvement f the 1970s. It was nt widely accepted as a travel cncept 4. the late 1980s. During that time, increasing envirnmental awareness made it desirable.
Due t 5. grwing ppularity f envirnmentally⁃related and adventure travel, varius types 6. trips are nw being classified as ecturism. Actually, a true ec⁃friendly trip must meet the fllwing principles:
●Minimize the impact f 7. (visit) the place.
●Build respect fr and awareness f the envirnment and cultural practices.
●Prvide 8. (finance) aid and ther benefits fr lcal peples.
●Make sure that the turism prvides psitive experiences fr bth the visitrs and the hsts.
Kmd Natinal Park, fficially recgnized in 1980, is ppular fr ecturism because f its unique bidiversity. 9. (activity)there range frm whale watching t hiking(远足) and accmmdatins aim 10. (have)a lw impact n the natural envirnment.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。文章讲述了生态旅游的情况。
1.educated 考查形容词。句意:它不同于传统的旅游,因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理条件还是文化特色方面,而且经常为保护提供资金,并有利于当地的发展。固定搭配becme educated abut表示“对……有所了解”。
2.develpment 考查名词。设空处前面是冠词the,后面是介词f,且该短语作动词benefits的宾语,因此需填develp的名词形式(develpment)。
3.its 考查代词。句意: 生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环境运动。设空处修饰名词,要用形容词性物主代词,因此使用it的形容词性物主代词形式(its)。
4.until 考查介词。句意:直到20世纪80年代末,作为一种旅游理念,它才被广泛接受。“”为固定结构,意为“直到……才……”。因此填until。
5.the 考查冠词。句意:由于与环境相关的旅行和冒险旅行越来越受欢迎,现在各种类型的旅行正被归类为生态旅游。设空处后的grwing ppularity在本句中表示特指,因此使用定冠词the。
6.f 考查介词。此处用f表所属关系,varius types f为固定结构,意为“各种类型的……”。
7.visiting 考查动词的非谓语形式。句意:尽量减少参观这个地方带来的影响。设空处作介词f的宾语,因此使用visit的动名词形式(visiting)。
8.financial 考查形容词。句意:为当地人提供财政援助和其他好处。设空处修饰名词aid,需用形容词,因此使用finance的形容词形式(financial)。
9.Activities 考查名词复数。句意:那里包含从观赏鲸鱼到远足的活动,膳宿力求对自然环境产生很低的影响。谓语动词range用的是复数形式,所以主语activity需用复数形式,因此使用activities。
10.t have 考查动词的非谓语形式。aim t d sth.力求做某事,因此使用不定式形式(t have)。
02-2021全国甲
The Xi'an City Wall is the mst cmplete city wall that has survived China's lng histry. It 1. (build) riginally t prtect the city 2. the Tang dynasty and has nw been cmpletely restred(修复). It is pssible 3. (walk) r bike the entire 14 kilmeters.
We accessed the wall thrugh the Suth Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and frm here yu can see streams f peple mving inside and utside the City Wall.
After 4. (spend) sme time lking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time fr sme actin and what 5. (gd) than t ride n a piece f histry!
We 6. (hire) ur bikes frm the rental place at the Suth Gate. My bike was ld and shaky 7. did the jb. It tk us abut 3 hurs t g all 8. way arund the Xi'an City Wall. Suppsedly yu can d it in tw hurs, but we stpped at the different gates and 9. (watchtwer) t take pictures r just t watch the lcal peple ging abut their 10. (day) rutines.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为记叙文。作者主要以游客在西安城墙骑行的角度介绍了西安城墙。
1.was built 考查动词的时态和语态。此处表示“它被建造”。主语it与build为被动关系;再根据the Tang dynasty可知设空处需用一般过去时,故填一般过去时的被动语态(was built)。
2.in 考查介词。关注设空处的句法功能。设空处与后面的“the Tang dynasty”构成介词短语,意为“在唐朝”,故填介词in。
3.t walk 考查动词的非谓语形式。It is pssible (fr sb.) t d sth.为固定句式,故填t walk。
4.spending 考查动词的非谓语形式。此处表示“在花了一些时间看了城墙所有的防御设施后,我们决定该采取一些行动了”。设空处作介词after的宾语且主语we与spend为逻辑上的主动关系,故填动名词spending。
5.better 考查形容词。此处表示“有什么比在历史遗迹上骑行更好呢”。根据设空处后的“than”可知应在设空处填形容词的比较级形式(better)。
6.hired 考查动词的时态。句意:我们在南城门租车处租了自行车。根据后句My bike was ld...中的was可知设空处需用一般过去时,故填hired。
7.but 考查连词。句意:我的自行车又旧又晃,但是还能工作。设空处前后为转折关系,故填连词but。
8.the 考查冠词。句意:我们一路环绕西安城墙花费了约3个小时。all the way为固定短语,意为:一路上。故填the。
9.watchtwers 考查名词复数。句意:据说你花2个小时就能游完,但是我们在不同的门、瞭望塔前停下来照相,或只是看当地人做他们的日常事务。根据and前的different gates可知设空处需填名词复数watchtwers。
10.daily 考查形容词。设空处作rutines的定语,需用形容词形式,故填daily。
2020
01-2020全国Ⅰ
China has becme the first cuntry t land a spacecraft n the far side f the mn. The unmanned Chang'e⁃4 prbe(探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese mn gddess—1. (tuch)dwn last week in the Suth Ple-Aitken basin. Landing n the mn's far side is 2. (extreme) challenging. Because the mn's bdy blcks direct radi cmmunicatin with a prbe, China first had t put a satellite in rbit abve the mn in a spt 3. it culd send signals t the spacecraft and t Earth. The far side f the mn is f particular 4. (interesting) t scientists because it has a lt f deep craters(环形山), mre s 5. the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hpe t use the instruments nbard Chang'e⁃4 6. (find) and study areas f the Suth Ple-Aitken basin. “This really excites scientists,”Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brwn University, says, “because it 7. (mean) we have the chance t btain infrmatin abut hw the mn 8. (cnstruct).” Data abut the mn's cmpsitin, such as hw 9. ice and ther treasures it cntains, culd help China decide whether 10. (it)plans fr a future lunar(月球的)base are practical.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。文章主要讲述了中国发射的嫦娥四号无人探测器在月球背面成功着陆的重大事件。
1.tuched 考查时态。句意:无人探测器嫦娥四号——名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神——上周在南极—艾特肯盆地着陆。根据时间状语last week可知设空处需用一般过去时。
2.extremely 考查副词。句意:降落在月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。设空处作状语,修饰形容词challenging,需用副词形式。
3.where 考查定语从句。中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个位置,人造卫星可以在这个位置向航天器和地球发射信号。设空处引导定语从句,先行词为spt,将先行词代入定语从句后为:It culd send signals t the spacecraft and t Earth in the spt.设空处作地点状语,故填where。
4.interest 考查名词。月球背面尤其让科学家感兴趣。设空处作介词f的宾语,根据提示词可知设空处需填名词形式;此外“be f+抽象名词”也是固定结构。
5.than 考查介词。此处表示“因为它比人们熟悉的月球正面有更多的深环形山”。根据设空处前的mre可知填介词than。
6.t find 考查不定式。句意:中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的器械来发现和研究南极—艾特肯盆地的地区。设空处作目的状语,主语Chinese researchers与find为逻辑上的主动关系,故填不定式的主动形式t find。
7.means 考查时态和主谓一致。根据语境及设空处后宾语从句中的谓语动词have可知设空处需用一般现在时;主语it为第三人称单数,故填means。
8.is cnstructed 考查语态和主谓一致。句意:布朗大学的一位科学家Carle Pieters说:“这真的使科学家们激动,因为它意味着我们有机会获得有关月球的构建方式的信息。”主语the mn与cnstruct为被动关系,故设空处需用被动语态,主语为the mn,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。
9.much 考查限定词。句意:关于月亮构造的数据,比如它含有多少水和其他财富,可以帮助中国确定它未来的月球基地的计划是否可行。设空处后的名词ice作“冰”讲时为不可数名词,根据上下文可知设空处填much。
10.its 考查代词。设空处作名词plans的定语,故需用形容词性物主代词;根据提示词it可知设空处填its。
02-2020全国Ⅱ
Decrating with Plants, Fruits and Flwers fr Chinese New Year
Chinese New Year is a 1. (celebrate) marking the end f the winter seasn and the beginning f spring. This is why decrating with plants, fruits and flwers 2. (carry) special significance. They represent the earth 3. (cme) back t life and best wishes fr new beginnings.
These are sme f the mst ppular in many parts f the cuntry:
Oranges: Orange trees are mre 4. decratin; they are a symbl f gd frtune and wealth. They make great gifts and yu see them many times 5. (decrate) with red envelpes and messages f gd frtune.
Bamb: Chinese lve their “Lucky Bamb” plants and yu will see them ften in their hmes and ffices. 6. (certain) during the hliday perid, this plant is a must. Bamb plants are assciated 7. health, abundance and a happy hme. They are easy 8. (care) fr and make great presents.
Branches f Plum Blssms(梅花): The 9. (beauty) lng branches cvered with pink⁃clred buds(蓓蕾) make fantastic decratins. The plum trees are 10. first t flwer even as the snw is melting(融化). They represent the prmise f spring and a renewal f life.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是说明文。文章介绍了中国的新年标志着冬季的结束和春季的开始,因此春节期间用植物、水果、花朵装饰皆有特殊意义。文章还介绍了三种在中国受欢迎的植物:橘子树、竹子、梅花。
1.celebratin 考查词性转换。句意:中国新年是一个标志着冬季结束和春季开始的庆祝活动。根据句子结构可知,设空处被前面的冠词a限定,作表语,需要用所给词的名词形式。故填celebratin。
2.carries 考查主谓一致。句意:这就是用植物、水果和鲜花装饰具有特殊意义的原因。根据句子结构可知,设空处在从句中作谓语。由上下文可知,此处应使用一般现在时,且该从句的主语为前面的动名词短语“decrating with plants, fruits and flwers”,属于第三人称单数概念。故填carries。
3.cming 考查动词的非谓语形式。句意:它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的最好的祝愿。根据句子结构可知,设空处在句中作谓语动词represent的宾语,需使用所给词的动名词形式,the earth是其逻辑主语。故填cming。
4.than 考查固定搭配。句意:橘子树不仅仅是装饰品……。根据句子意思可知,设空处与前面的mre连用,表示“不只是”。故填than。
5.decrated 考查动词的非谓语形式。句意:它们是很好的礼物,你会经常看到它们被红包和好运的信息装饰着。根据句子结构可知,设空处与后面的介词短语一起作宾语them的补足语。them与所给词decrate之间为被动关系,需用过去分词。故填decrated。
6.Certainly 考查词性转换。句意:当然在假日期间,这种植物是必不可少的。根据句子结构可知,设空处作状语,修饰后面整句话,需用所给词的副词形式,故填Certainly。
7.with 考查固定搭配。句意:竹子与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在一起。设空处与前面的are assciated连用,表示“与……相关联的”。故填with。
8.t care 考查动词的非谓语形式。句意:它们很容易打理,也很适合作为礼物。“be+表示难、易、好、坏等的形容词”,后面需用不定式的主动形式(t d)表示被动意思。故填t care。
9.beautiful 考查词性转换。句意:美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾,这是极好的装饰。根据句子结构可知,设空处与lng一起修饰后面的名词“branches”,需用所给词的形容词形式。故填beautiful。
10.the 考查定冠词。句意:雪还在融化时,梅花树是第一个开花的。the first t d sth.表示“第一个去做……的”,需填定冠词the。
03-2020全国Ⅲ
In ancient China lived an artist 1. paintings were almst lifelike. The artist's reputatin had made him prud. One day the emperr wanted t get his prtrait(画像)dne s he called all great artists t cme and present their 2. (fine)wrk, s that he culd chse the best. The artist was sure he wuld 3. (chse), but when he presented his masterpiece t the emperr's chief minister, the ld man laughed. The wise ld man tld him t travel t the Li River—perhaps he culd learn a little frm the greatest artist in the wrld.
Filled with 4. (curius), the artist packed his bags and left. 5. he asked the villagers n the banks f the river where he culd find the legendary(传奇的)artist, they smiled and 6. (pint) dwn the river. The next mrning he hired a bat and set ut 7. (find) the well⁃knwn painter. As the small bat mved 8. (gentle)alng the river he was left speechless by the muntains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and muntains in many shades f blue. And when he saw the mists rising frm the river and the sft cluds 9. (surrund) the muntain tps, he was reduced t tears. The artist was finally humbled(谦卑) by the greatest artist 10. earth, Mther Nature.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。中国古代有一位画家自以为艺术造诣很高,但是一次经历让他明白了什么是最伟大的画家。
1.whse 考查定语从句。句意:在中国古代有一位画家,他的画栩栩如生。设空处引导的是定语从句,修饰先行词an artist。将先行词代入从句后为:The artist's paintings were almst lifelike.由此可知引导词在从句中充当定语,所以要用关系代词whse。
2.finest 考查形容词。一天,皇上想找人给他画像,于是他召集来所有的优秀画家来展示他们最好的作品。根据语境可知此处应该用形容词的最高级形式,故填finest。
3.be chsen 考查动词的语态。这位画家确信自己会被选中。设空处是谓语动词,与he之间是被动关系,且情态动词wuld后跟动词原形。故填be chsen。
4.curisity 考查名词。句意:心中充满了好奇,这位画家收拾好行囊就出发了。设空处充当with的宾语,所以要用所给词的名词形式。故填curisity。
5.When/As 考查状语从句。当他向江岸上的村民们打听那位传奇画家住在哪里时,他们微笑。根据语境可知,设空处引导时间状语从句,要用when或as,注意首字母要大写。
6.pinted 考查动词的时态。他们微笑并指向江的下游。并列连词and连接两个谓语动词:smiled和pinted,时态需保持一致。
7.t find 考查动词的非谓语形式。句意:第二天早上,他租了一条船动身去寻找那位知名的画家。set ut t d sth.开始做某事,着手做某事。
8.gently 考查副词。句意:当小船顺着江缓缓移动时,群山在水中的沉默的倒影使他说不出话来。设空处单词修饰as引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词mved,所以要用其副词形式。故填gently。
9.surrunding 考查动词的非谓语形式。句意:当他看到雾从江上升起,柔软的云围绕着山顶时,他流下了眼泪。设空处是动词的非谓语形式作宾补,surrund与宾语sft cluds之间是主动关系,要用v.⁃ing形式。故填surrunding。
10.n 考查介词。句意:这位艺术家最终在世界上最伟大的艺术家——大自然面前感到惭愧。固定搭配n earth相当于in the wrld“在世界上”。
2019
01-2019课标全国Ⅰ
The plar bear is fund in the Arctic Circle and sme big land masses as far suth as Newfundland. While they are rare nrth f 88̊, there is evidence 1. they range all the way acrss the Arctic, and as far suth as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult t figure ut a glbal ppulatin f plar bears as much f the range has been 2. (pr) studied; hwever, bilgists calculate that there are abut 20,000—25,000 plar bears wrldwide.
Mdern methds 3. tracking plar bear ppulatins have been emplyed nly since the mid⁃1980s, and are expensive 4. (perfrm) cnsistently ver a large area. In recent years sme Inuit peple in Nunavut 5. (reprt) increases in bear sightings arund human settlements, leading t a 6. (believe) that ppulatins are increasing. Scientists have respnded by 7. (nte) that hungry bears may be cngregating (聚集) arund human settlements, leading t the illusin (错觉) that ppulatins are 8. (high) than they actually are. Of 9. nineteen recgnized plar bear subppulatins, three are declining, six 10. (be) stable, ne is increasing, and nine lack enugh data.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。文章介绍了北极熊的分布区域和北极熊数量的变化情况。
1.that 考查同位语从句。虽然在北纬88度以北很少见到北极熊,但是有证据表明它们在整个北极地区活动,向南甚至远到加拿大的詹姆斯湾。设空处引导同位语从句,说明evidence的内容,该从句不缺少任何成分,所以要用that引导。
2.prly 考查副词。因为对许多区域调查得不够充分,所以很难计算出全球北极熊的数量。设空处单词修饰动词studied,故用其副词形式prly。
3.f/fr 考查介词。现代化的跟踪调查北极熊数量的方法在20世纪80年代中期才开始被采用。methds f/fr ding sth.做某事的方法。
4.t perfrm 考查不定式。这些方法大面积持续使用起来费用很高。此处为“sth. be+adj.+t d”结构,其中不定式作状语,用主动形式表被动意义。
5.have reprted 考查动词时态和主谓一致。最近几年,生活在Nunavut的一些因纽特人报告说他们在人类居住区周围看到北极熊的次数增加了。设空处是句子的谓语动词,根据时间状语In recent years可知,时态为现在完成时,主语sme Inuit peple为复数形式,故填have reprted。
6.belief 考查名词。这些报告使人们相信北极熊的数量正在增长。设空处作leading t的宾语,且前面有不定冠词a修饰,故用所给动词的名词形式belief。
7.nting 考查动词的非谓语形式。科学家们对此作出了回应,他们指出饥饿的北极熊可能正在人类的定居点附近聚集。设空处作介词by的宾语,故用v.⁃ing形式,即by ding sth.通过做某事。
8.higher 考查比较级。这就造成了北极熊数量比它们实际数量要多的错觉。根据空后的than可知,此处要用形容词的比较级形式higher。
9.the 考查冠词。句意:在被认出来的19个北极熊亚群中,有3个数量在降低,有6个是稳定的,1个在增加,还有9个缺少足够的数据。设空处在本句中表示特指,故填定冠词the。
10.are 考查时态和主谓一致。根据设空处前后与本空并列的谓语动词的时态可知,本空需用一般现在时;主语是six(subppulatins),故填are。
02-2019课标全国Ⅱ
A 90⁃year⁃ld has been awarded “Wman Of The Year” fr 1. (be) Britain's ldest full⁃time emplyee—still wrking 40 hurs a week. Nw Irene Astbury wrks frm 9am t 5pm daily at the pet shp in Macclesfield, 2. she pened with her late husband Les. Her years f hard wrk have 3. (final) been acknwledged after a custmer nminated(提名) her t be Cheshire's Wman Of The Year.
Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, prud Irene 4. (declare) she had n plans 5. (retire) frm her 36⁃year⁃ld business. Irene said,“I dn't see any reasn t give up wrk. I lve cming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 6. (make) ver the years. I wrk nt because I have t, 7. because I want t.”
Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31—wh wrks alngside her in the family business—said it remained unknwn as t wh nminated Irene fr the award. She said,“We dn't have any idea wh put Grandma frward. When we gt a call 8. (say) she was shrt⁃listed, we thught it was 9. jke. But then we gt an fficial letter and we were blwn away. We are s prud f her. It's 10. (wnder).”
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是记叙文。文章介绍了90岁的英国全职员工Irene Astbury坚持每天朝九晚五地在自己和丈夫开的宠物店上班而荣获“年度女性”称号的感人故事。
1.being 考查动词的非谓语形式。句意:一位90岁的老人因其是英国年龄最大的全职员工而被授予“年度女性”称号,她仍然每周工作40小时。设空处作前面介词fr的宾语,故此处需填名词或动名词形式。
2.which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意:现在,Irene Astbury每天早上9点到下午5点在Macclesfield的宠物店工作,这家店是她与已故的丈夫Les共同开的。根据句子结构可知设空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the pet shp。将先行词代入定语从句后为:She pened the pet shp with her late husband Les.由此可见,关系词在定语从句中作宾语,且指“事物”,故填which。
3.finally 考查副词。此处表示“她多年的辛勤工作终于得到了认可”。根据文章中的句子结构可知,设空处修饰谓语动词,作状语,需要用所给词的副词形式。
4.declared 考查时态。句意:自豪的Irene在领取“终身成就奖”时宣布,她不打算离开经营了36年的生意。设空处作prud Irene的谓语动词。后面的she had n plans...为宾语从句。根据上下文可知,设空处应该为一般过去时。
5.t retire 考查动词的非谓语形式。设空处作前面名词plans的定语。名词plan, ability等后面多用不定式作定语。
6.have made 考查时态。此处表示“我喜欢到这里来见我的家人和我这些年来交到的所有朋友”。根据后面的时间状语ver the years可知,设空处应该用现在完成时。
7.but 考查连词。此处表示“我工作不是因为我不得不工作,而是因为我想工作”。设空处与前面的nt构成“(不是……而是……)”结构。
8.saying 考查动词的非谓语形式。此处表示“当我们接到说她入围了的电话时,我们以为这是个玩笑”。设空处作a call的后置定语。名词call与动词say之间为逻辑上的主动关系,故填现在分词saying,相当于which said。
9.a 考查冠词。jke为可数名词,意为“玩笑”,在此处表示泛指。
10.wnderful 考查形容词。此处表示“这太棒了”。设空处作前面系动词is的表语,表示It的特征。
03-2019课标全国Ⅲ
On ur way t the huse, it was raining 1. hard that we culdn't help wndering hw lng it wuld take 2. (get) there. It was in the middle f Pearl City.
We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 3. dgs, seven t be exact. They were well trained by their masters 4. had great experience with caring fr these animals. Our hsts shared many f their experiences and 5. (recmmend) wnderful places t eat, shp, and visit. Fr breakfast, we were able t eat papaya(木瓜) and ther fruits frm their trees in the backyard.
When they were free frm wrk, they invited us t lcal events and let us knw f an interesting 6. (cmpete) t watch, tgether with the stry behind it. They als shared with us many 7. (traditin) stries abut Hawaii that were 8. (huge) ppular with turists. On the last day f ur week⁃lng stay, we 9. (invite) t attend a private cncert n a beautiful farm n the Nrth Shre under the stars, 10. (listen) t musicians and meeting interesting lcals.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为记叙文。作者一行人冒雨来到了游玩的目的地,在这里作者受到了主人的热情接待。
1.s 考查副词。句意:在我们去那座房子的路上,雨下得如此大以至于我们不禁想知道还要多久才能到达那里。此处为“s+adv.+that...”结构,意为:如此……以至于……,其中that引导结果状语从句。
2.t get 考查动词的非谓语形式。It takes (sb.) sme time t d sth.做某事花费(某人)多长时间。
3.f 考查介词。此处表示“首先迎接我们的是一群狗的叫声”。a pack f dgs一群狗。
4.wh 考查定语从句。句意:它们被它们的主人训练得很好,它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词their masters。将先行词代入定语从句后为:Their masters had great experience with caring fr these animals.关系词在从句中作主语。
5.recmmended 考查动词的时态。句意:主人跟我们分享了很多他们的经历并推荐了一些很好的吃饭、购物和参观的地方。设空处与前面的shared是并列连词and连接的两个并列的谓语动词,也应用一般过去时。
6.cmpetitin 考查名词。句意:当他们下班后,邀请我们参加当地的活动,让我们了解要观看的有意思的比赛以及背后的故事。设空处作knw f的宾语,结合空前的an interesting可知,此处应该用所给词的名词形式。
7.traditinal 考查形容词。句意:他们还与我们分享了许多深受游客欢迎的夏威夷传统故事。设空处修饰后面的名词,故用所给词的形容词形式。
8.hugely 考查副词。设空处修饰后面的形容词,故用程度副词hugely。
9.were invited 考查动词的时态和语态。句意:在我们为期一周的逗留的最后一天,我们应邀在北海岸一个美丽的农场参加了一场星空下的私人音乐会,聆听音乐家的演奏,并会见了有趣的当地人。设空处是句子的谓语动词,由语境可知时态应为一般过去时,该动作与主语we之间是被动关系,故填were invited。
10.listening 考查动词的非谓语形式。设空处在此处作状语,表示伴随状况。该动作与主语we之间在逻辑上是主动关系。另外,由此处与and后的meeting的并列关系也可快速判断出此处应用现在分词形式。
2018
01-2018课标全国Ⅰ
Accrding t a review f evidence in a medical jurnal, runners live three years 1. (lng)than nn⁃runners. Yu dn't have t run fast r fr lng 2. (see)the benefit. Yu may drink, smke, be verweight and still reduce yur risk f 3. (die)early by running.
While running regularly can't make yu live frever, the review says it 4. (be)mre effective at lengthening life 5. walking, cycling r swimming. Tw f the authrs f the review als made a study published in 2014 6. shwed a mere five t 10 minutes a day f running reduced the risk f heart disease and early deaths frm all 7. (cause).
The best exercise is ne that yu enjy and will d. But 's prbably running. T avid knee pain, yu can run n sft surfaces, d exercises t 8. (strength)yur leg muscles(肌肉),avid hills and get gd running shes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always 9. (energy). If yu are time pr, yu need run fr nly half the time t get the same benefits as ther sprts, s perhaps we shuld all give 10. a try.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。文章介绍了跑步对人们保持身体健康的好处。
1.lnger 考查副词的比较级。句意:根据一份医学杂志中的证据报告,跑步者比不跑步者的寿命要长3年。根据题干中的than可知设空处需用副词比较级形式,故填lnger。
2.t see 考查动词的非谓语形式。句意:你不必跑得很快、很久就能看到好处。由句意可知,此处在句中作目的状语,主语yu与动词see为主动关系,故填不定式的主动式t see。
3.dying 考查动词的非谓语形式。句意:你可能饮酒、吸烟、超重,但你仍然可以通过跑步降低过早死亡的风险。介词(f)后需用动名词形式作宾语,根据提示词die可知设空处填dying。
4.is 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:虽然经常跑步不可能使你长生不老,但报告上说与走路、骑自行车或游泳相比,跑步对延长寿命更有效。设空处所在从句被用来介绍一种理论,需用一般现在时;再根据主语it及提示词be可知设空处填is。
5.than 考查介词。根据题干中的“mre effective”可知设空处需填介词than。
6.that/which 考查定语从句。句意:该报告的其中两名作者在2014年还发表了一项研究,这项研究表明每天只跑步5至10分钟便可以降低患心脏病或由于各种原因导致过早死亡的危险。先行词为study,指“物”;将先行词代入定语从句后为:The study shwed a mere five t 10 minutes a day f running reduced the risk f heart disease and...由此可见关系词在定语从句中作主语,故填that或which。
7.causes 考查名词的“数”。cause作“原因”讲,为可数名词;根据设空处前的all可知设空处填名词复数形式,故填causes。
8.strengthen 考查词性转换。句意:为了避免膝盖疼痛,你可以在柔软的地面上跑步、锻炼以增强你的腿部肌肉……。设空处作目的状语,需用不定式形式,故在不定式符号t后填动词原形strengthen。
9.energetic 考查形容词。设空处作表语,表示主语的特征,故填形容词energetic。
10.it/running 考查代词或名词。句意:如果你时间不充裕,你只需要花费其他运动一半的时间去跑步便可获得同样的收益,因此或许我们都应该试一试跑步。设空处作give的宾语,需填名词或代词,因此用it代替上文中的running或直接填running作宾语。
02-2018课标全国Ⅱ
Diets have changed in China—and s t has its tp crp. Since 2011, the cuntry 1. (grw)mre crn than rice. Crn prductin has jumped nearly 125 percent ver 2. past 25 years, while rice has increased nly 7 percent.
A taste fr meat is 3. (actual)behind the change: An imprtant part f its crn is used t feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Anther reasn fr crn's rise: The gvernment encurages farmers t grw crn instead f rice 4. (imprve)water quality. Crn uses less water 5. rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥)run⁃ff. This switch has decreased 6. (pllute)in the cuntry's majr lakes and reservirs and made drinking water safer fr peple.
Accrding t the Wrld Bank, China accunts fr abut 30 percent f ttal 7. (glbe)fertilizer cnsumptin. The Chinese Ministry f Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the gvernment 8. (start) a sil⁃testing prgram 9. gives specific fertilizer recmmendatins t farmers—and 2011, fertilizer use drpped by 7.7 millin tns. That prevented the emissin(排放)f 51.8 millin tns f carbn dixide. China's apprach t prtecting its envirnment while 10. (feed)its citizens “ffers useful lessns fr agriculture and fd plicymakers wrldwide,”says the bank's Juergen Vegele.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。自2011年以来,随着中国人的饮食结构的变化,在中国种植玉米的数量显著增加,而种植水稻的数量下降了。
1.has grwn 句意:自2011年以来,中国种植玉米的数量超过了水稻。本题考查时态和主谓一致。根据句中时间状语Since 2011可知,此处使用现在完成时,且主语为单数,故填has grwn。
2.the 句意:在过去的25年里,玉米的产量已经激增了将近125%,而水稻的产量只增长了7%。本题考查冠词。ver the past 25 years在过去的25年里。
3.actually 句意:对于肉类的喜爱实际上是这一变化背后的原因:中国的玉米很重要的一个作用就是用来饲养鸡、猪和牛。本题考查副词。此处需用副词作状语,故用actual的副词形式actually。
4.t imprve 句意:玉米产量增长的另一个原因:政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是水稻来提高水质。本题考查动词的非谓语形式作状语。此处“提高水质”为鼓励农民种玉米的目的,故使用动词不定式作目的状语。
5.than 句意:玉米用水量比水稻少,造成更少的化肥流失。本题考查介词。根据句中的less可知,此处表示比较,故使用介词than。
6.pllutin 句意:这种变化已经减少了中国主要湖泊和水库的污染,使人们的饮用水变得更安全了。本题考查名词。空格处作decreased的宾语,故使用pllute的名词形式pllutin。
7.glbal 句意:根据世界银行的统计,中国占了全球化肥总消耗量的大约30%。本题考查形容词。空格处作fertilizer cnsumptin的定语,故使用glbe的形容词形式glbal。
8.started 句意:中国农业部发现在2005年和2011年之间,化肥的使用减少了770万吨。2005年政府启动了土壤检测项目,它向农民推荐特定的化肥。本题考查时态。关系副词when=in 2005,由此可知此处使用一般过去时。
9.that/which 本题考查定语从句。定语从句的先行词为prgram,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,故使用关系代词that或which。
10.feeding 本题考查动词的非谓语形式作状语。名词China和动词feed构成逻辑上的主动关系,故使用现在分词作时间状语。
03-2018课标全国Ⅲ
I'm nt sure 1. is mre frightened, me r the female grilla(大猩猩)that suddenly appears ut f nwhere. I'm walking n a path in the frest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face⁃t⁃face with the grilla, wh begins screaming at 2. tp f her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400⁃pund male appears. He screams the 3. (lud)f all. The nise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges tward me. I quickly lwer myself, ducking my head t avid 4. (lk)directly int his eyes s he desn't feel 5. (challenge).
My name is Mireya Mayr. I'm a 6. (science)wh studies animals such as apes and mnkeys. I was searching 7. these three western lwland grillas I'd been bserving. N ne had seen them fr hurs, and my clleagues and I were wrried.
When the grillas and I frightened each ther, I was just glad t find 8. (they)alive. True t grilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal 9. (mean)me n real harm. He was just saying:“I'm king f this frest, and here is yur reminder!”Once his message was delivered, he allwed me 10. (stay)and watch.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为记叙文。作者讲述了自己和大猩猩的近距离接触。尽管大猩猩表现得很凶猛,但它们并非好斗的动物。
1.wh 此处表示“我不确定谁更感到害怕”。本题考查宾语从句。“ is mre frightened”为宾语从句,该从句缺少主语,故填wh。
2.the 句意:出乎意料的是,我正与那只大猩猩面对面,它开始声嘶力竭地尖叫。本题考查冠词。at the tp f ne's lungs意为“声嘶力竭地”。
3.ludest 句意:它尖叫的声音最大。本题考查副词最高级。根据句意及本句中的“f all”可知设空处填副词最高级,故填ludest。
4.lking 句意:我迅速弯下身,低下头以避免直视它的眼睛以便它不会感到受到了挑战。本题考查动词的非谓语形式作宾语。动词avid后须用动名词形式作宾语且lk与主语I为逻辑上的主动关系,故填动名词lking。
5.challenged 本题考查动词的非谓语形式作表语。主语he与challenge(挑战)为逻辑上的被动关系,故填过去分词形式challenged。
6.scientist 句意:我是研究猿和猴子等动物的科学家。本题考查名词。设空处作表语,说明主语的身份;根据提示词science可知填scientist。
7.fr 句意:我正在搜寻这三只我一直在观察的西部低地大猩猩。本题考查动词短语。search fr为动词短语,意为“搜寻”。
8.them 本题考查代词。设空处指代从句中的the grillas,以避免重复,故填them。
9.meant 句意:大猩猩确实有不好斗的本性,那只巨大的动物并不是真的要伤害我。本题考查时态。根据上下文可知,本空用一般过去时,故填meant。
10.t stay 句意:一旦它的信息传递了,它就允许我待在那里观察(它们)。本题考查动词的非谓语形式作宾补。allw后须加不定式作宾补;又因为宾语me与stay为逻辑上的主动关系,故填t stay。
2017
01-2017课标全国Ⅰ
There has been a recent trend in the fd service industry tward lwer fat cntent and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical cmmunity(医学界) 1 a methd f fighting heart disease, has had sme unintended side 2 (effect)such as verweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical cmmunity was trying t fight.
Fat and salt are very imprtant parts f a diet. They are required 3 (prcess)the fd that we eat, t recver frm injury and fr several ther bdily functins. When fat and salt 4 (remve)frm fd, the fd tastes as if it is missing smething. As 5 result, peple will eat mre fd t try t make up fr that smething missing. Even 6 (bad), the amunt f fast fd that peple eat ges up. Fast fd 7 (be)full f fat and salt;by 8 (eat)mre fast fd peple will get mre salt and fat than they need in their diet.
Having enugh fat and salt in yur meals will reduce the urge t snack(吃点心)between meals and will imprve the taste f yur fd. Hwever, be 9 (care)nt t g t extremes. Like anything, it is pssible t have t much f bth, 10 is nt gd fr the health.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。主题语境为人与自我。本文介绍了低脂低盐食品对健康可能会造成的负面影响,并对影响的成因进行了分析。
1.as 考查介词。此处缺少表达“作为”意义的介词,故填as。
2.effects 考查名词复数。side effect为可数名词,根据前面的sme可知,应用复数形式。
3.t prcess 考查不定式。根据require sth. t d sth.以及其被动形式sth. be required t d sth.可知此处填动词不定式。
4.are remved 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。结合语境可知,状语从句中用一般现在时态,fat and salt作主语,谓语动词用复数形式,主语与remve之间为被动关系,故填are remved。
5.a 考查冠词。as a result结果;因此。
6.wrse 考查副词。even wrse更糟的是,此句与上句提到的情况相比较,故用比较级。
7.is 考查时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知,此处用一般现在时态,主语fast fd为不可数名词,故系动词用is。
8.eating 考查动名词。by在此处为介词,表示方式,故后面接动名词形式作by的宾语。
9.careful 考查形容词。设空处在系动词be之后作表语,故填形容词。
10.which 考查定语从句。设空处指代前面的主句,引导非限制性定语从句,故填which。
02-2017课标全国Ⅱ
In 1863 the first undergrund passenger railway in the wrld pened in Lndn. It ran fr just under seven kilmeters and allwed peple t avid terrible 1 (crwd) n the rads abve as they travelled t and 2 wrk. It tk three years t cmplete and was built using an interesting methd. This included digging up the rad, 3 (lay) the track and then building a strng rf ver 4 tp. When all thse had been dne, the rad surface was replaced.
Steam engines 5 (use) t pull the carriages and it must have been 6 (fair) unpleasant fr the passengers, with all the smke and nise. Hwever, the railway quickly prved t be a great success and within six mnths, mre than 25,000 peple were using 7 every day.
Later, engineers 8 (manage) t cnstruct railways in a system f deep tunnels(隧道), which became knwn as the Tube. This develpment was nly pssible with the 9 (intrduce) f electric-pwered engines and lifts. The Central Lndn Railway was ne f the mst 10 (success)f these new lines, and was pened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and prved extremely ppular with the public.
答案
[语篇解读]本文为说明文。主题语境为人与社会。文章介绍了世界上第一条地铁——伦敦地铁的起源以及它逐步成为大众所喜爱的交通方式的发展历程。
1.crwds 考查名词。avid“避免”后可跟名词或动名词作宾语。因为此空前有形容词terrible修饰,故排除动名词形式;crwd作“人群”讲时,为可数名词,且前面无冠词限制,故需用复数形式。
2.frm 考查介词。由语境可知此处指“上下班(t and frm wrk)”,为固定表达。
3.laying 考查动名词作宾语。由上文中的included digging 和下文的and then building可知,此处用动名词作included的宾语。
4.the 考查冠词。此处是说地铁开挖、铺轨完成后,要进行最后的筑顶。此处表示特指,因此应用定冠词the。
5.were used 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。主语Steam engines和use之间为被动关系,且由上文可知叙述的是过去发生的事,故需用一般过去时的被动语态;又因主语是名词的复数形式,故be动词需用were。
6.fairly 考查副词。修饰形容词unpleasant需用副词形式,故填fairly。
7.it 考查代词。此处指代上文中提到的the railway,需用代词it。
8.managed 考查动词的时态。此处叙述的是过去的事情,需用一般过去时,故答案为动词的过去式。
9.intrductin 考查名词。由空前的定冠词可知,此处需用名词形式。
10.successful 考查形容词。此处为“ne f the+形容词最高级”结构。
03-2017课标全国Ⅲ
She lks like any ther schlgirl, fresh-faced and full f life. Sarah Thmas is lking frward t the challenge f her new A-level curse. But unlike her schl friends, 16-year-ld Sarah is nt spending half-term 1 (rest). Instead, she is earning ￡6,500 a day as 2 mdel in New Yrk.
Sarah 3 (tell) that she culd be Britain's new supermdel, earning a millin dllars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her t give up schl t mdel full-time. But Sarah, 4 has taken part in shws alng with tp mdels, wants 5 (prve) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined t carry n with her 6 (educate).
She has turned dwn several 7 (invitatin) t star at shws in rder t cncentrate n her studies. After schl she plans t take a year ff t mdel full-time befre ging t university t get a degree 8 engineering r architecture.
Sarah says, “My dad thinks I shuld take the ffer nw. But at the mment, schl 9 (cme) first. I dn't want t get t absrbed in mdeling. It is 10 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I dn't want t have nthing else t fall back n when I can't mdel any mre.”
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为记叙文。主题语境为人与自我。文章介绍了16岁的中学生Sarah在模特界崭露头角却依然以学业为重的故事。
1.resting 考查固定用法。固定结构spend sme time(in) ding(sth.)花费时间做(某事)。
2.a 考查冠词。mdel为可数名词,此处表示泛指,故填冠词a。
3.has been tld/was tld 考查时态和语态。根据语境可知Sarah与tell之间为动宾关系,故用被动语态。此处既可以用一般过去时态表示过去发生的动作,也可以用现在完成时态,表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响。
4.wh 考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句并在定语从句中作主语。应该填入关系代词wh,指代Sarah。
5.t prve 考查不定式。want t d sth.想要做某事,因此空白处应该填入t prve。
6.educatin 考查词性转换。空白处填入的词作介词with的宾语,并受物主代词her的限定,必须用名词形式。
7.invitatins 考查名词的复数。由本题前面的限定词several可判断,invitatin需用复数形式。
8.in 考查介词与名词的搭配。本题前面的degree一词表示“学位”,在表达某一专业的学位时,后接介词in。
9.cmes 考查动词时态和主谓一致。此句讲的是Sarah对自己当前情况的理解,应该用一般现在时。主语schl为第三人称单数,故谓语动词cme应该加-s。
10.certainly 考查副词。空白处填入的词修饰形容词fun,应为副词。
2016
01-2016课标全国Ⅰ
Chengdu has dzens f new millinaires, Asia's biggest building and fancy new htels. But fr turists like me, pandas are its tp 1. (attract).
S it was a great hnur t be invited backstage at the nt-fr-prfit Panda Base, where ticket mney helps pay fr research. I 2. (allw)t get up clse t these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. Frm tmrrw, I will be their UK ambassadr. The title will be 3. (fficial)given t me at a ceremny in Lndn. But my cnnectin with pandas ges back 4. my days n a TV shw in the mid-1980s, 5. I was the first Western TV reprter 6. (permit)t film a special unit caring fr pandas rescued frm starvatin in the wild. My ambassadrial duties will include 7. (intrduce)British visitrs t the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and thers at a research centre in the misty muntains f Bifengxia.
On my recent visit, I held a lively three-mnth-ld twin that had been rejected by 8. (it)mther. The nursery team switches him every few 9. (day)with his sister s that while ne is being bttle-fed, 10. ther is with mum—she never suspects.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为记叙文。文章描述了作者和熊猫结下的不解之缘。
1.attractin 考查名词。设空处作表语。句意:但是对于像我这样的旅行者,熊猫是成都最吸引人的东西。attractin n.吸引人的事物。
2.was allwed 考查动词的时态和语态。由句子结构可知此处为谓语动词。主语“I”和动词“allw”之间为被动关系,根据上句中的谓语动词was可知,文章叙述的是过去发生的事,需用一般过去时,故此处需用一般过去时的被动语态。
3.fficially 考查副词。此处用副词修饰动词。
4.t 考查介词。g back t“追溯到,回溯到”,为固定短语。
5.when 考查定语从句。先行词the mid-1980s为表示时间的名词,且关系词在定语从句中作时间状语,故用关系副词when引导。
6.permitted 考查非谓语动词。此处应用过去分词作后置定语。
7.intrducing 考查动名词。动词include后缺宾语,需用所给动词的动名词形式作宾语。
8.its 考查代词。此处为it的形容词性物主代词,意为“它的”。
9.days 考查名词的复数形式。few修饰可数名词复数,故其后的名词需用复数形式。
10.the 考查冠词。 ther...“(两者中的)一个……另外一个……”,为固定结构。
02-2016课标全国Ⅱ
If yu feel stressed by respnsibilities at wrk, yu shuld take a step back and identify(识别) thse f 1. (great) and less imprtance. Then, handle the mst imprtant tasks first s yu'll feel a real sense f 2. (achieve). Leaving the less imprtant things until tmrrw 3. (be) ften acceptable.
Mst f us are mre fcused 4. ur tasks in the mrning than we are later in the day. S,get an early start and try t be as prductive 5. pssible befre lunch. This will give yu the cnfidence yu need t get yu thrugh the afternn and g hme feeling accmplished.
Recent 6. (study) shw that we are far mre prductive at wrk if we take shrt breaks 7. (regular). Give yur bdy and brain a rest by stepping utside fr 8. while, exercising, r ding smething yu enjy.
If yu find smething yu lve ding utside f the ffice, yu'll be less likely 9. (bring) yur wrk hme. It culd be anything—gardening, cking, music, sprts—but whatever it is, 10. (make) sure it's a relief frm daily stress rather than anther thing t wrry abut.
答案
[语篇解读] 如果在工作中你感到了压力,如何解决?作者给出了几种实用的减压方式,可让身心得到放松。
1.greater 考查形容词比较级。根据此句中less,可知应该用great的比较级和less并列。
2.achievement 考查名词。根据介词f,可知设空处应该填名词形式,a sense f achievement一种成就感,此处achievement是不可数名词。
3.is 考查主谓一致和时态。动名词作句子主语,谓语动词用单数形式且描述一般事实,故用is。
4.n 考查介词。我们大多数人早晨比一天中晚些时候更集中注意力于我们的工作。be fcused n集中注意力于。
5.as 考查短语。 pssible 尽可能……。
6.studies 考查名词单复数。根据句中的谓语动词shw,可知主语应该用复数形式,故填studies。
7.regularly 考查副词。此处应该用副词形式作状语。
8.A 考查冠词。fr a while是固定短语,意为:一会儿。
9.t bring 考查不定式。be likely t d sth. 为固定短语,意为:有可能做某事。
10.make 考查祈使句。但是无论是什么事,确保它是消除日常压力的事情而不是另一件让人担心的事情。
03-2016课标全国Ⅲ
In much f Asia, especially the s-called “rice bwl”cultures f China, Japan, Krea, 1. Vietnam, fd is usually eaten with chpsticks.
Chpsticks are usually tw lng, thin pieces f wd r bamb. They can als be made f plastic, animal bne r metal. Smetimes chpsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chpsticks might 2. (make) f gld and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled wrkers als cmbine varius hardwds and metal 3. (create)special designs.
The Chinese have used chpsticks fr five thusand years. Peple prbably cked their fd in large pts, 4. (use) twigs(树枝)t remve it. Over time, 5. the ppulatin grew, peple began cutting fd int small pieces s it wuld ck mre quickly. Fd in small pieces culd be eaten easily with twigs which 6. (gradual)turned int chpsticks.
Sme peple think that the great Chinese schlar Cnfucius, 7. lived frm rughly 551 t 479 B.C., influenced the 8. (develp) f chpsticks. Cnfucius believed knives wuld remind peple f killings and 9. (be) t vilent fr use at the table.
Chpsticks are nt used everywhere in Asia. In India, fr example, mst peple traditinally eat 10. their hands.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了筷子及其发展的历史。
1.and 考查并列连词。此处表示并列关系而不是选择关系,其模式为“A,B,C and D”。故填并列连词and。
2.be made 考查情态动词和被动语态。be made f表示“由……制成”,根据设空前的情态动词might可知,此处填be made。
3.t create 考查不定式。此处不定式作目的状语。
4.using 考查现在分词。现在分词在此处作伴随状语。
5.as/when 考查连词。根据语境可知,此处用连词as/when引导时间状语从句。
6.gradually 考查副词。此处用副词修饰turned int。
7.wh 考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句,先行词Cnfucius(孔子)指人,故需用关系代词wh引导定语从句。
8.develpment 考查名词。由设空前的冠词the和设空后的f可知应用名词。
9.were 考查动词时态和主谓一致。由并列连词and连接宾语从句中的两个并列结构可知和wuld remind并列的应为谓语动词,故用be动词的过去式,又因knives为复数形式,故用were。
10.with 考查介词。由语境可知设空处意为“用”,故填with。
高级词块 1.s-called/ˈsəʊˈkɔːld/ adj.所谓的 2.rughly/ˈrʌfli/adv.大约
2015
01-2015课标全国Ⅰ
Yangshu,China
It was raining lightly when I 1 (arrive)in Yangshu just befre dawn.But I didn't care.A few hurs 2 ,I'd been at hme in Hng Kng,with 3 (it)chking smg.Here,the air was clean and fresh,even with the rain.
I'd skipped nearby Guilin,a dream place fr turists seeking the limestne muntain tps and dark waters f the Li River 4 are pictured by artists in s many Chinese 5 (painting).Instead,I'd headed straight fr Yangshu.Fr thse wh fly t Guilin,it's nly an hur away 6 car and ffers all the scenery f the better-knwn city.
Yangshu 7 (be)really beautiful.A study f travelers 8 (cnduct)by the website TripAdvisr names Yangshu as ne f the tp 10 destinatins in the wrld.And the twn is fast becming a ppular weekend destinatin fr peple in Asia.Abercrmbie & Kent,a travel cmpany in Hng Kng,says it 9 (regular)arranges quick getaways here fr peple 10 (live)in Shanghai and Hng Kng.
答案
1.arrived 考查动词的时态。由语境可知说的是过去的事,故用一般过去时。
2.befre/earlier 考查副词。由句子的谓语动词是过去完成时可知,该动作发生在“过去之前”,故填befre或earlier。
3.its 考查代词。此处为形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词smg。
4.that/which 考查定语从句。先行词为the limestne muntain tps and dark waters f the Li River,指物,且关系词在定语从句中作主语,故填关系代词that或which。
5.paintings 考查名词的复数形式。名词前有many修饰,故需用复数形式。
6.by 考查介词。by乘,坐(交通工具等)。by car坐小汽车。
7.is 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处叙述的是客观事实,故用一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,故填is。
8.cnducted 考查过去分词短语作定语。主语a study和动词cnduct之间为被动关系,故用过去分词形式。
9.regularly 考查副词。修饰动词arranges应用副词形式。
10.living 考查现在分词短语作定语。被修饰的名词与动词live之间为主动关系,故用现在分词形式。
02-2015课标全国Ⅱ
The adbe dwellings(土坯房) 1 (build)by the Puebl Indians f the American Suthwest are admired by even 2 mst mdern f architects and engineers.In additin t their simple beauty, what makes the adbe dwellings admirable is their 3 (able)t “air cnditin”a huse withut 4 (use)electric equipment. Walls made f adbe take in the heat frm the sun n ht days and give ut that heat 5 (slw)during cl nights, thus warming the huse.When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are nw cld enugh 6 (cl)the huse during the ht day; 7 the same time,they warm up again fr the night. This cycle 8 (g)day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cl ff during the night and are thus always a timely ffset(抵消)fr the utside temperatures.As 9 (nature)architects, the Puebl Indians figured ut exactly 10 thick the adbe walls needed t be t make the cycle wrk n mst days.
答案
[语篇解读] 你见过不用空调就能自动调节温度的房子吗?美国西南部的普韦布洛村落的印第安人就能修建这样的房子。本文介绍了普韦布洛村落的印第安人的神奇土坯房以及其自动调温的过程和原理。
1.built 考查非谓语动词作定语。非谓语动词所表示的动作与其逻辑主语为逻辑上的被动关系,故用built。
2.the 考查冠词。该空后面是最高级标志词mst,表示“最……”,故用定冠词the。
3.ability 考查词性转换。该空由their修饰,根据句意及the/ne's ability t d的固定搭配可知应填名词ability。
4.using 考查非谓语动词作宾语。该空前有介词withut,故用using。
5.slwly 考查词性转换。该空修饰动词短语give ut,故用副词形式。
6.t cl 考查非谓语动词作状语。“be+adj.+enugh”后需用不定式作状语。
7.at 考查介词。根据固定搭配at the same time (同时)可知答案。
8.ges 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。整篇文章均用一般现在时叙述,且This cycle为第三人称单数,故用ges。
9.natural 考查词性转换。该空修饰名词architects,应用形容词natural。
10.hw 考查宾语从句的引导词。此处说的是“普韦布洛村落的印第安人可以精确地计算出土坯房的墙需要有‘多’厚”,故填hw。
2014
01-2014课标全国Ⅰ
Are yu facing a situatin that lks impssible t fix?
In 1969, the pllutin was terrible alng the Cuyahga River near Cleveland, Ohi. It 1 (be)unimaginable that it culd ever be cleaned up. The river was s plluted that it 2 (actual)caught fire and burned. Nw, years later, this river is ne f 3 mst utstanding examples f envirnmental cleanup.
But the river wasn't changed in a few days 4 even a few mnths. It tk years f wrk 5 (reduce)the industrial pllutin and clean the water. Finally, that hard wrk paid ff and nw the water in the river is 6 (clean)than ever.
Maybe yu are facing an impssible situatin. Maybe yu have a habit 7 is driving yur family crazy. Pssibly yu drink t much r dn't knw hw t cntrl yur credit card use. When yu face such an impssible situatin,dn't yu want a quick fix and smething t change immediately?
While there are 8 (amaze)stries f instant transfrmatin,fr mst f us the 9 (change)are gradual and require a lt f effrt and wrk,like cleaning up a plluted river.Just be 10 (patience).
答案
[语篇解读] 本文以花费多年时间解决河流污染为例来告诫我们:当我们面临貌似不可能改善的情况时,一定要有耐心,变化是循序渐进的,是需要付出很多努力的。
1.was 考查时态。句意:当时很难想象这条河流能够被清理干净。上一句提到In 1969,所以此处要用一般过去时。
2.actually 考查词性转换。该空处修饰动词,所以要用副词形式actually,意为“事实上,实际上”。
3.the 考查冠词。句意:多年之后,现在这条河流成了环境清理最杰出的例子之一。此处是“ne f+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”结构。
4.r 考查连词。句意:但是这条河流不是在几天内改变的,甚至也不是在几个月内改变的。r用于否定句中,意为“也不,也不是,也没有”。
5.t reduce 考查非谓语动词。句意:减少工业污染和净化河水花费了多年的工作。It d sth.做某事花费……,为固定句式,故填动词不定式t reduce。该句式中it是形式主语,不定式短语才是真正的主语。
6.cleaner 考查形容词的比较级。句意:最后,辛苦的工作得到了回报,现在河水比以前干净多了。根据句中比较级的标志词than可知,该空应用比较级,故填cleaner。
7.that/which 考查定语从句。句意:可能你有一种让你家人发疯的习惯。根据句子结构可知该空应是定语从句的关系词,先行词是a habit,关系词在定语从句中作主语,故填that或which。
8.amazing 考查词性转换。虽然有一些令人吃惊的快速改观的故事,但是对我们大部分人来说,变化是循序渐进的,并且也是需要很多努力和工作的。设空处修饰表示“事物”的名词stries,应该用形容词形式amazing(令人吃惊的)。不能用amazed(感到吃惊的)。
9.changes 考查名词。定冠词the后面应该填名词,根据谓语动词are和require可知应是名词的复数形式,故填changes。
10.patient 考查词性转换。句意:要有耐心。此处be动词后面应是形容词作表语,故填patient(耐心的)。
02-2014课标全国Ⅱ
One mrning, I was waiting at the bus stp, wrried abut 1 (be)late fr schl. There were many peple waiting at the bus stp, 2 sme f them lked very anxius and 3 (disappint). When the bus finally came, we all hurried n bard.I gt a place next 4 the windw, s I had a gd view f the sidewalk. A by n a bike 5 (catch)my attentin. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shuting t the driver, but he refused 6 (stp)until we reached the next stp. Still, the by kept 7 (ride). He was carrying smething ver his shulder and shuting. Finally, when we came t the next stp, the by ran up t the dr f the bus. I heard an excited cnversatin. Then the driver std up and asked,“ 8 anyne lse a suitcase at the last stp?”A wman n the bus shuted,“Oh dear!It's 9 (I).”She pushed her way t the driver and tk the suitcase thankfully. Everyne n the bus began talking abut what the by had dne, and the crwd f strangers 10 (sudden)became friendly t ne anther.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文讲述了一位不知名的少年骑车追还失主手提箱的故事。
1.being 介词后用动名词作宾语。
2.and and连接两个句子,表示顺承关系。
3.disappinted 表示人的内心活动,应使用-ed形式的形容词,这里指他们看起来既焦虑又失望。
4.t next t是固定短语,意为“挨着,靠近”。
5.caught 全文在叙述一件往事,应以一般过去时为主,故这里应使用catch的过去式caught。
6.t stp 表示“拒绝做某事”时,refuse后接不定式作宾语。
7.riding 表示“继续(不间断地)做某事”时,要用keep ding sth.,相当于cntinue ding sth.。
8.Did 句尾的问号提示该句为疑问句,“丢失”是发生在过去的动作,故应使用助动词did。
9.me/mine 该句既可以用宾格me表示“是我(丢了手提箱)”,也可以用名词性物主代词mine表示“那是我的手提箱”。
10.suddenly 副词修饰动词。
浙江卷（2017—2023）
2023
2023浙江一考
During China's dynastic perid, emperrs planned the city f Beijing 1. arranged the residential areas accrding t scial classes. The term “hutng”, 2. (riginal) meaning “water well” in Mnglian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Frbidden City, 3. (surrund) in cncentric(同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City. Citizens f higher scial classes 4. (permit) t live clser t the center f the circles. The large siheyuan f these high-ranking fficials and wealthy businessmen ften 5. (feature) beautifully carved and painted rf beams and pillars (柱子). The hutngs they frmed were rderly, lined by 6. (space) hmes and walled gardens. Farther frm the center lived the cmmners and labrers. Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and 7. (simple) in design and decratin, and the hutngs were narrwer.
Hutngs represent an imprtant cultural element f the city f Beijing. Thanks t Beijing's lng histry 8. capital f China, almst every hutng has its stries, and sme are even assciated with histric 9. (event). In cntrast t the curt life and upper-class culture represented by the Frbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple f Heaven, the hutngs reflect 10. culture f grassrts Beijingers.
答案
语篇解读 本文是说明文。文章介绍了北京胡同的意义、历史及文化内涵。
1. and 考查连词。句意:在中国古代,皇帝们规划北京城,并根据社会阶层安排居住区。分析句子结构可知,此处应使用and连接并列的谓语planned和arranged。故填and。
2. riginally 考查词性转换。空格处修饰meaning,需用副词形式。故填riginally。
3. surrunded 考查动词的非谓语形式。主句the center was the Frbidden City是主系表结构,且没有并列连词,因此空格处需用非谓语形式,the Frbidden City和surrund之间是被动关系,需用过去分词形式。故填surrunded。
4. were permitted 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。空格处在句中作谓语,permit和主语Citizens f higher scial classes构成被动关系,因为是对过去情况的描述,应用一般过去时。故填were permitted。
5. featured 考查动词的时态。空格处为谓语动词,再结合上下文时态可知,空格处应用一般过去时。故填featured。
6. spacius 考查词性转换。空格处需用形容词作定语修饰名词hmes。故填spacius。
7. simpler 考查形容词的比较等级。分析句子结构可知,空格处需要用形容词比较级和前面的smaller构成并列结构作表语。故填simpler。
8. as 考查介词。此处指由于北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史,故用介词as。
9. events 考查名词的复数形式。根据空格前的形容词histric可知,空格处需用名词,且event为可数名词,应用其复数形式。故填events。
10. the 考查冠词。根据名词culture后面的介词短语f grassrts Beijingers可知,此处culture表示特指,应用定冠词修饰。故填the。
2022
01-2022浙江二考
T understand a painting, we’re taught t lk fr clr, cmpsitin, and light. But hw can a painting 1 (appreciate) by smene wh’s blind? Thrugh tuch, the ne thing gallery signs tell yu nt 2 (d). Jhn Olsn, a frmer 3 (phtgraph) and his team turn paintings int fully textured 3D mdels.
The tactile(可触知的) paintings wrk as a way t shw art t 4 blind because we dn’t see with just Our eyes: We see with ur brains. Research in the field f neurplasticity-the brain’s adaptability-shws that the visual crtex(大脑皮层) is made active by tuch. Blind peple recgnize shapes with their 5 (exist) senses, in a way similar t that f 6 (sight) peple, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist.
Luc Gandarias, wh’s nw thirteen, went blind suddenly 7 age seven. When he felt a 3D versin f Lenard da Vinci’s “Mna Lisa” he 8 (ntice) her smile right away. ”I can actually feel what yu see when yu lk at it,” he said.
Fr Luc, this means 9 (independent). “The feeling f being able t see it 10 t frm my pinin is like breaking dwn anther wall as a blind persn.”
【答案】
1. be appreciated2. t d3. phtgrapher4. the5. existing
6. sighted7. at8. nticed9. independence10. and
02-2022浙江一考
Kim Cbb, a prfessr at the Gergia Institute f Technlgy in Atlanta, is ne f a small but grwing minrity f academics 1 are cutting back n their air travel because f climate change. Travelling t cnferences, lectures, wrkshps, and the like—frequently by plane— 2 (view) as imprtant fr scientists t get tgether and exchange infrmatin. But Cbb and thers 3 (be) nw questining that idea—pushing cnferences t prvide mre chances t participate remtely and 4 (change) their persnal behavir t d their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. On a website called N Fly Climate Sci, fr example, 5 (rugh) 200 academics—many f them climate scientists— 6 (prmise) t fly as little as pssible since the effrt started tw years ag.
Cbb, fr her part, started t ask cnference rganizers wh invited her t speak 7 she culd d s remtely; abut three-quarters f 8 time, they agreed. When the answer was n, she declined the 9 (invite). That apprach brught Cbb’s air travel last year dwn by 75%, and she plans 10 (cntinue) the practice. “It has been fairly rewarding,” she says—“a really psitive change.”
【答案】
1. wh/that2. is viewed/has been viewed3. are4. changing5. rughly
6. have prmised7. whether/if 8. the9. invitatin10. t cntinue
2021
01-2021浙江二考
It desn't impress like Gerge Washingtn's plantatin n the Ptmac, but Lincln's hme in dwntwn Springfield, Illinis, 1 (prve) irresistible t visitrs since it pened t the public. Beautifully restred(修复)t its 1860 appearance, the huse was Abraham and Mary Lincln's hme fr 17 years. In 1844 they bught it 2 $1,200 and sme land frm Charles Dresser, wh perfrmed their 3 (marry) ceremny in 1842.
When the huse was built, it was much 4 (small) than it is tday. Mary's niece wrte,“The little hme 5 (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary lved it. She was extremely pretty, and her huse was a reflectin f 6 (she), everything in gd taste and in perfect rder.”
Althugh Mary lved flwers, 7 she nr her husband was knwn as a gardener. A lng-time neighbr said they never planted trees and nly kept a garden fr ne year. Mary's sister, Frances Tdd Wallace, ften came ver 8 (plant) flwers in the frnt yard.
9 Linclns enlarged the huse t a full tw stries in 1856 t meet the needs f their grwing family. Three f the fur Lincln sns were brn here. After Lincln was elected President f the US in 1861, they rented the huse and 10 (sell) mst f their furniture.
答案
1.has prved/has prven 2.fr 3.marriage 4.smaller
5.was painted 6.herself 7.neither 8.t plant 9.The 10.sld
02-2021浙江一考
In a study f 33 years f trends in Bdy Mass Index(体重指数) acrss 200 cuntries, the scientists fund that peple wrldwide are getting heavier 1 that mst f the rise is due t gains in BMI in rural areas.
BMI is an internatinally recgnized measurement tl 2 gives an indicatin f whether smene is a healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a 3 (persn) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI f between 19 and 25 4 (cnsider) healthy.
The study fund that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 5 2.1 in wmen and men. In cities, hwever, the gain 6 (be) 1.3 in wmen and 1.6 in men. The researchers described “striking changes” in the gegraphy f BMI. In 1985, urban men and wmen in mre than three quarters f the cuntries 7 (study) had higher BMIs than men and wmen in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural peple in many cuntries had narrwed 8 (sharp).
This may be due t sme disadvantages fr peple 9 (live) in the cuntryside, including 10 (lw) levels f incme and educatin, higher csts f healthy fds, and fewer sprts facilities.
【答案】
1. and2. that/which3. persn's4. is cnsidered5. by
6. was7. studied8. sharply9. living10. lwer
2020
01-2020浙江二考
Sme time after 10,000 BC, peple made the first real attempt t cntrl the wrld they lived 1 , thrugh agriculture. Over thusands f years, they began t depend less n
2 culd be hunted r gathered frm the wild, and mre n animals they had raised and crps they had swn.
Farming prduced mre fd per persn 3 hunting and gathering, s peple were able t raise mre children. And, as mre children were brn, mre fd 4 (need). Agriculture gave peple their first experience f the pwer f technlgy 5 (change) lives.
By abut 6000 BC, peple 6 (discver) the best crps t grw and animals t raise. Later, they learned t wrk with the 7 (seasn), planting at the right time and, in dry areas, 8 (make) use f annual flds t irrigate (灌溉) their fields.
This style f farming lasted fr quite a lng time. Then, with 9 rise f science, changes began. New methds 10 (mean) that fewer peple wrked in farming. In the last century r s, these changes have accelerated. New pwer machinery and artificial fertilizers (化肥) have nw ttally transfrmed a way f life that started in the Stne Age.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。主题语境是人与社会。文章介绍了从人类逐渐减少依靠狩猎生活,逐步发展起农业,到使用新型机械和人工肥料的现代农业的过程。
1.in 考查介词。根据文章中句子的结构可知,they lived 为限制性定语从句,先行词为wrld。将先行词代入定语从句后,应为they lived in the wrld,故填in。
2.what 考查宾语从句。根据句子结构可知设空处引导介词后的宾语从句,且设空处在从句中作主语,表示“什么”,故填what。
3.than 考查介词。题干中的“mre”有比较含义,故填than。
4.was needed 考查时态和语态。主语与谓语之间是被动关系,并且讲述的是过去的事情,故填was needed。
5.t change 考查不定式。此处不定式作定语,修饰pwer,根据the pwer t d sth.可知此处填不定式。
6.had discvered 考查时态。根据By abut 6000 BC可知应用过去完成时。
7.seasns 考查名词复数。根据常识,一年有四季,可知此处应填名词复数。
8.making 考查分词。句中已经有了谓语动词learned,make和句子的主语they是主动关系, 故填making。
9.the 考查冠词。设空处特指科学的发展, 故填the。
10.meant 考查时态。设空处讲述的是过去的事情,故填meant。
02-2020浙江一考
Smething significant is happening t the wrld ppulatin — it is aging. The median(中位数的) age f an American in 1950 1 (be) 30—tday it is 41 and is expected 2 (increase) t 42 by 2050. Fr Japan, the 3 (number) are mre striking—22 in 1950, 46 tday and 53 in 2050. In 2015, ne in 12 peple arund the wrld were ver 10; by 2050, it will be ne in six.
This aging f the ppulatin is driven 4 tw factrs. The first is declining birth rates, which means ld generatins are large 5 (cmpare) t yunger generatins, and s, n average, the ppulatin becmes 6 (ld) than befre. This is 7 (particular) true in the US. The secnd reasn is that peple are living lnger. A child brn in the US tday has 8 very realistic chance f living beynd 100 and needs t plan accrdingly.
Peple tend t fcus n the first factr. Hwever, greater attentin shuld 9 (place) n lngevity(长寿). It isn’t just that peple are, n average, living lnger. It’s als that they are n average healthier 10 mre prductive fr lnger. Therefre, they can wrk fr lnger, cnsume mre and in general be a bst t the ecnmy.
【答案】
1. was2. t increase3. numbers4. by5. cmpared
6. lder7. particularly8. a9. be placed10. and
2019
01-2019浙江二考
There are several reasns why schl unifrms are a gd idea. First f all, unifrms help the schl lk smart. The students feel that they belng t a particular grup. When every pupil in the schl wears the unifrm, nbdy 1 (have) t wrry abut fashin(时尚). Everybdy wears 2 same style f clthes. Unifrms can be useful in unexpected ways. A schl in Ireland has intrduced an interesting new unifrm. On the edge f the jacket, there is a piece f clth 3 gives ff light in the dark. When the children are walking r 4 (cycle) t schl n dark mrnings, car drivers can 5 (easy) see them.
But can unifrms help imprve schl standards?The answer 6 this questin is nt clear. One study in America fund that students' grades 7 (imprve) a little after the schl intrduced unifrms. But sme students didn't want 8 (wear) the unifrm. Other American studies shwed n 9 (cnnect) between unifrms and schl perfrmance.
Schl unifrms are 10 (traditin) in Britain, but sme schls are starting t get rid f them. Sme very gd schls dn't have a unifrm plicy. Hwever, unifrms are still ppular. Pupils at abut 90 percent f British secndary schls wear unifrms.
答案
1.has/will have 2.the 3.that/which 4.cycling 5.easily 6.t 7.imprved 8.t wear 9.cnnectin/cnnectins 10.traditinal
02-2019浙江一考
The Caffeine Catch
Caffeine, a chemical typically fund in cffee, has caused a lt f cncern because it is ne f the few drugs that shw up regularly in ur fd supply. Yu prbably 1 (use) caffeine since childhd. Caffeine 2 (be) in yur first Cke. If yu ever enjyed a chclate bar, yu ate caffeine. Sft drinks are the majr surce(来源) f caffeine fr mst children and even sme adults. 3 (recent), caffeine has fund its way int range, apple, and ther flavred drinks.
Small amunts f caffeine-a cup 4 tw f cffee a day—seem safe fr mst peple. Hwever, sme peple have truble with even small amunts. One cup f cffee 5 the late afternn r evening will cause 6 (they) t stay awake almst all night. Larger amunts f caffeine can cause a prblem 7 (call) caffeinism. Yu get very nervus and yu can’t sleep.
It is pssible 8 caffeine may cause birth defects(缺陷) in humans, t. One study shwed that 9 (wman) wh drank a lt f cffee, like eight r mre cups per day, while they were pregnant were mre likely 10 (have) children with birth defects.
【答案】
1. have used/ have been using 2. is (was)3. Recently4. r 5. in
6. them 7. called8. that 9. wmen 10. t have
2018
01-2018浙江二考
Few peple I knw seem t have much desire r time t ck. Making Chinese 1 (dish)is seen as especially trublesme. Many westerners 2 cme t China ck much less than in their wn cuntries nce they realize hw cheap 3 can be t eat ut. I still remember 4 (visit)a friend wh'd lived here fr five years and I 5 (shck)when I learnt she hadn't cked nce in all that time.
While regularly eating ut seems t 6 (becme)cmmn fr many yung peple in recent years, it's nt withut a cst. The bvius ne is mney;eating ut nce r twice a week may be 7 (affrd)but ding this mst days adds up. There culd be an even 8 (high)cst n yur health. Researchers have fund that there is a direct link between the increase in fd eaten utside the hme and the rise in 9 (weigh)prblems.
If yu are nt ging t suffer this prblem, then I suggest that the next time yu g t yur mum's hme 10 dinner, get a few cking tips frm her. Cking fd can be fun. Yu might als begin t ntice the effects nt nly n yur health but in yur pcket.
答案
1.dishes 2.wh/that 3.it 4.visiting 5.was shcked
6.have becme 7.affrdable 8.higher 9.weight 10.fr
02-2018浙江一考
Easy Ways t Build Vcabulary
It’s nt all that hard t build an advanced and large vcabulary. Like many things in life, it’s 1 nging prcess, and the best part f the prcess is that there’s enugh rm fr imprvement, 2 means yu’ll just keep getting better and better. Of curse yu have t wrk at it. Yu wuldn’t think that a few 3 (mnth) f exercise in yur teens wuld be enugh 4 the rest f yur life, and that’s als true fr building yur vcabulary—yu have t keep at it daily, and pretty sn yu will find that yu have an excellent vcabulary.
One f the 5 (effect) ways t build vcabulary is t read gd bks. Yu need t 6 (real) read at least ne gd bk a week, preferably a classic. This isn’t as hard as it 7 (sund), and it is far better than any ther methd because yu imprve yur vcabulary while 8 (read) an interesting piece f literature. Anther nice thing is that yu learn bth new wrds and 9 (they) use uncnsciusly, meaning that yu will tend t use the wrds 10 (learn) this way in cnversatins almst autmatically.
【答案】
1.an2.which3.mnths4.fr5.effective
6.really7.sunds8.reading9.their10.learned/learnt
2017
01-2017浙江二考
Last Octber, while tending her garden in Mra, Sweden, Lena Pahlssn pulled ut a handful f small 1. _____ (carrt) and was abut t thrw them away. But smething made her lk clser, and she nticed a 2._____ (shine) bject. Yes, there beneath the leafy tp f ne tiny carrt was her lng-lst wedding ring. Pahlssn screamed 3. _____ ludly that her daughter came running frm the huse. “She thught I had hurt 4. _____ (I),” says Pahlssn. Sixteen years 5. _____ (early), Pahlssn had rem ved the diamnd ring 6. _____ (ck) a meal. When she wanted t put the ring back n later, it was gne. She suspected that ne f her three daughters—then ten, eight,and six—had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn’t. Pahlssn and her husband 7. _____ (search) the kitchen, checking every crner, but turned up nthing. “I gave up hpe f finding my ring again,” she says. She never replaced it.Pahlssn and her husband nw think the ring prbably gt 8._____(sweep) int a pile f kitchen rubbish and was spread ver the garden, 9._____ it remained until the carrt’s leafy tp accidentally spruted(生长)thrugh it. Fr Pahlssn, its return was 10. _____ wnder.
答案
1.carrts 2. shiny/shining 3. s 4. myself 5. earlier 6. t ck
7. searched 8. swept 9. where 10. a
02-2017浙江一考
Magic Tuch
Frm my htel rm windw, I culd see a large advertisement bard with his face n it: Jasn, the Great Magician.
I absentmindedly turned the 1 (page) f the phne bk and came acrss a city map. Drinking my iced cffee I ran my fingers alng the streets 2 the htel t the pera hall. Nt mre 3 a halfhur walk, I thught.
I lked 4 (quick) at the clck. The shw starts in ne hur; plenty f time! I drank the rest f my cffee and went t take a shwer. Sn after, I was n my way t the shw, 5 (carry) a fancy black handbag and a happy smile.
The hall was dark when I came in; the shw was abut 6 (begin). I made my way backstage just 7 the great magician was putting n his tp hat.
“Daddy, I’m s glad t see yu,” I 8 (whisper). “I’m in twn fr the writer’s class, but I just culdn’t miss yur shw.” I gave him a quick hug and went back int the seating area, leaving him with a 9 (surprise) smile. I settled dwn in the darkness, and the curtains pened.
Magically, that shw remains the Great Jasn’s best 10 (perfrm) t this day.
【答案】
1.pages2.frm3.than4.quickly5.carrying
6.t begin7.as/when8.whispered9.surprised10.perfrmance