2024泰安二中高二下学期6月月考试题英语含解析

这是一份2024泰安二中高二下学期6月月考试题英语含解析，共33页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。

第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5 小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What pets des the wman keep nw?
A. Cats. B. Dgs. C. Rabbits.
2 Why is the wman jumping frm a plane?
A. T fly like a bird. B. T vercme her fear. C. T help peple in need.
3. What are the speakers lking at?
A. A bwl. B. A cup. C. A plate.
4. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. The weather in the Gbi Desert.
B. Different deserts arund the wrld.
C. An experience f traveling in the desert.
5. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Grandfather and granddaughter.
B. Mther and sn.
C. Teacher and student.
第二节 (共15 小题， 每小题1.5分， 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. What des the character’s name refer t?
A. A literary figure. B. The birth rder. C. The weather cnditin.
7. In which mnth was Masika brn?
A. May. B. July. C. August.
听第7段材料，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. Being hnest all the time.
B. Frgiving friends’ mistakes.
C. Accepting the results f lying.
9. Wh will Daniel speak t next?
A. His mther. B. His sister. C. His best friend.
听第8段材料，回答第10至第12 三个小题。
10. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B. C-wrkers. C. Teacher and student.
11. What event are the speakers prbably attending?
A. A graduatin ceremny. B. A jb fair. C. A schl trip.
12. What is the man ging t d in the near future?
A. Visit Eurpe. B. Mve abrad. C. Attend university.
听第9段材料，回答第13至第16 四个小题。
13. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. On a train. B. In a plice statin. C. In a train statin.
14. What time is it nw?
A. Arund 5:15 p. m. B. A rund 5:30 p. m. C. Arund 5:45 p. m.
15. What des the wman prbably d?
A. She’s an engineer. B. She’s a salespersn. C. She’s a reprter.
16. What else did the wman lse?
A. Her phne. B. Her wallet. C. Her car keys.
听第10段材料，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. Wh may be interested in the talk?
A. Bus drivers. B. City fficials. C. Freign turists.
18. Which place is mentined secndly?
A. The Lndn Eye. B. Twer Bridge. C. The Twer f Lndn.
19. What helped make Lndn a large and pwerful city accrding t the speaker?
A. Its fame. B. Its river. C. Its machines.
20. When was Twer Bridge fficially pened?
A. In 1859. B. In 1894. C. In 1976.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题， 每小题2.5分， 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The traditinal Chinese slar calendar divides the year int 24 slar terms. Grain Buds (小满), the 8th slar term f a year, begins n May 21 this year, and ends n June 5. It means that the seeds frm the grain are becming full but are nt ripe. Let’s see what we can d during the “Grain Buds” perid.
Eating herb f cmmn sw thistle
Grain Buds is a seasn fr eating the herb f the cmmn sw thistle, which is ne f the earliest edible ptherbs in China. It tastes a little bitter, but als sweet. Peple in Ningxia Hui autnmus regin like t eat it mixed with salt, vinegar, peppers r garlic. It tastes delicius and helps peple feel refreshed. Sme peple bil the herb with water and then squeeze ut the juice, which can be used t make sup.
Key perid fr flwer management
This time is a gd perid f the quick grwth f flwers. It is als a seasn when plant diseases and pests are at an all-time high, which makes caring fr yur garden even mre critical. Flwers need a lt f water and extra care t stay healthy. Weeding shuld be dne as they grw quickly and have t be extirpated in rder t keep the sil lse and frm cmpeting with the flwers fr nutrients.
Celebrating silkwrm deity birthday
Silkwrm rearing is a traditinal byprduct fr peple in regins suth f the Yangtze River. Peple in Jiangsu and Zhejiang prvinces regard this seasn as the birthday f the silkwrm deity. Thse wh engage in the silk industry thank the deity by ffering sacrifices and staging perfrmances. They pray t the deity fr blessings and a bm seasn fr the silk business.
1. Which f the fllwing is true abut Grain Buds?
A. It is seen as the birthday f the flwer deity.
B. It is an essential perid t tend t the garden.
C. It means that the seeds frm the grain are mature.
D. It begins n May 21 this year, and ends n July 5.
2 Peple in the silk industry tend t ______ during the Grain Buds.
A. ffer sacrifices t ancestrsB. pray fr a clse seasn
C. learn t cunt their blessingsD. give shws t thank the deity
3. In which clumn f a newspaper can we read the article?
A. Entertainment.B. Ecnmics.C. Plitics.D. Culture.
B
There can be n dubt that Stephen King, New Yrk Time’s Best-Selling authr, has fund success in many aspects, but it wasn’t always like this. King witnessed tragedy and hrrrs frm the very beginning. When he was 2 years ld, his father tld his mm that he was ging ut t get cigarettes but in fact, he never came back, he had abandned his family.
This left his mther Ruth t care fr Stephen and his elder brther David n her wn. Ruth was frced t mve ften, desperately lking fr wrk as she was nw the nly prvider f the family, and she had t rely n relatives mst f the time. One day Stephen went ut t play with friends and when he came back, he wasn’t even able t speak a single wrd, it seemed he was hurt mentally r smething, but he still gt the curage t cntinue frward. It turned ut that ne f his friends was hit by a train and died, which left an emtinal scar n him.
King, later n, drpped ut f schl due t sme serius health cncerns and was tld that he had t enlist (入伍) again the next fall, which demtivated him t. Althugh Stephen King didn’t see his childhd as smething extrardinary r special, he did say that he was always fascinated by scary things. Peple used t acknwledge the King family by their lve f literature, in fact whenever Stephen’s mm had t g ut, she didn’t hire a babysitter, fr the kids used t read nvels t each ther s they wuld nt get bred. Stephen King’s lve f stries was develped frm a very yung age and he carried that traditin with his wn children alng with his wife Tabitha.
In 1973, Stephen King started his amazing jurney f success when he published his first nvel Carrie, which is scary. The rest fllwed frm after that as he published many amazing bks like The Shining, IT, Firestarter, and Cuj. All f these bks became instant classics and gt their wn mvie and televisin shws adaptins.
4. What is mainly talked abut abut Stephen King in the first tw paragraphs?
A His achievements in writing.B. His unfrtunate childhd.
C. His difficulty in supprting the family.D. His mther’s bitter experiences.
5. What left Stephen King nt even speaking a single wrd?
A. He was kncked dwn by a passing train.B. He was badly criticized by a clse friend.
C. He was depressed by the cnstant mves.D. He was heart-struck by a terrible accident.
6. What des the underlined wrd “demtivated” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Discuraged.B. Relaxed.C. Embarrassed.D. Inspired.
7. Why didn’t Stephen’s mm hire a babysitter?
A. The family was t pr t hire a babysitter.B. The family culd nt find a prper babysitter.
C. The children culd actually entertain themselves.D. The children didn’t like t be cared fr by thers.
C
Yu’ll bst yur brainpwer if yu brave the unknwn, says ur memry expert, Jnathan Hancck.
There’s a lt t cpe with when yu g ff t university, and the academic wrk is just the start. There are new friends t meet, new pprtunities t chse between, new respnsibilities t accept... and, fr mst students, a cmpletely new city t explre.
We recently drve ur daughter Evie 150 miles t start life as a fresher. It was a struggle t find the car park, let alne navigate the maze f crridrs that led t her rm. Befre we left that evening, we’d taken her t the lcal supermarket, and we knew that she had flatmates and phne apps t get her rientated. But the scale f the challenge ahead was clear — t find her way in an unfamiliar wrld.
The gd news fr Evie — and learners everywhere is that explring new habitats is hugely beneficial t memry. In a recent study, vlunteers walked arund a simulated frest envirnment. Then sme f them tk the same walk again, while thers explred a different frest. And that secnd grup perfrmed significantly better in memry tests straight after. Accrding t the researchers, that was because navigating the new envirnment stimulated their dpamine (多巴胺) systems-setting up their brains fr learning.
S leaving hme t study fr a degree makes perfect sense. What’s mre, yung minds seem t gain mst frm being in strange surrundings. But we may all be able t gain sme f the benefits, even if it’s just by stimulating ur senses and challenging ur thinking skills. Here are three things t try:
(1) G smewhere new t tackle an upcming learning task—like memrizing a speech in the library r revising fr an exam n a park bench — and take an unfamiliar rute t get there.
(2) Play vide games that get yu mving thrugh new landscapes. Then see whether it imprves yur success with ther learning tasks, like practising a dance r mastering phrases fr a freign trip.
(3) Get lst in yur imaginatin! T warm yurself up fr learning, picture a city yu knw well, but imagine yu’re stranded in a part f it that yu’ve never visited. Then try t fancy exactly hw yu’ll get ut.
8. What happened when they sent their daughter t her schl accrding t Paragraph 3?
A. They fund a park fr all their effrts.B. They were new t the surrundings.
C. They gt lst in the maze f crridrs.D. They had n phne apps t rely n.
9. Accrding t the passage, which is nt a gd way t bst yur brain pwer?
A. Taking an unfamiliar rute t g hme.
B. Playing sme vide games that help yu explre new surrundings.
C. Getting addicted t playing vide games befre revising fr the exam.
D. Imagining yurself getting ut f a new city befre memrizing a speech.
10. Why did the secnd grup in the study perfrm better in memry tests?
A. Because their dpamine systems were activated.
B. Because they entered the same envirnment twice.
C. Because they had flatmates and phne apps t help them.
D. Because they walked arund a simulated frest envirnment.
11. What is the main idea f the article?
A. The need fr finding parking spaces in unfamiliar cities.
B. The impact f explring a new envirnment n ur minds.
C. The benefits f playing vide games fr imprving learning tasks.
D. The significance f picturing familiar cities fr memry enhancement.
D
Zlgists studied the nervus systems f insects t investigate principles f bilgical brain cmputatin and pssible effects n machine learning and artificial intelligence. Specifically, they analysed hw insects learn t assciate sensry infrmatin in their envirnment with a fd reward, and hw they can recall this infrmatin later in rder t slve cmplex tasks such as the search fr fd.
Living rganisms shw remarkable abilities in cping with prblems psed by cmplex and dynamic envirnments. They are able t generalize their experiences in rder t rapidly adapt their behaviur when the envirnment changes. The zlgists investigated hw the nervus system f the fruit fly cntrls its behaviur when searching fr fd.
Using a cmputer mdel, they simulated and analysed the cmputatins in the fruit fly’s nervus system in respnse t scents (气味) cming frm the fd surce. They initially trained their mdel f the fly brain in exactly the same way as insects are trained in experiments. They presented a specific scent in the simulatin tgether with a reward and a secnd scent withut a reward.
“The mdel rapidly learns a strng representatin f the rewarded scent after just a few scent presentatins and is then able t find the surce f this scent in a cmplex envirnment,” said cmputer scientist Dr Hannes Rapp, wh created the mdel.
The mdel created is thus capable t generalize frm its memry and t apply what it has learned previusly in a cmpletely new and cmplex envirnment, while learning required nly a very small database f training samples.
The results suggest that the transfrmatin f sensry infrmatin int memries in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applicatins t slving cmplex tasks.
12. What is the ultimate aim f the research?
A. T investigate principles f bilgical brain cmputatin.
B. T slve prblems in simulated cmplex envirnments.
C. T analyse hw insects search fr fd in cmplex envirnment.
D. T prmte machine learning and AI applicatins.
13. Hw did zlgists mainly carry ut their research?
A. By bserving fruit flies.B. By perfrming lab experiments.
C. By using a cmputer mdel.D. By carrying ut field research.
14. What is mainly discussed abut the study in paragraphs 3-5?
A Its findings.B. Its prcess.C. Its imprtance.D. Its applicatin.
15. What des the result f this study imply?
A. Artificial intelligence is applied t the study f insect brain.
B. Fd reward is cnnected with infrmatin transfrmatin.
C. Sensry infrmatin can be applied t slving cmplex tasks.
D. Studying living rganisms can make a difference t AI research.
第二节 (共5 小题; 每小题2.5分， 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Educatin is a self-enlightening prcess. It is an imprtant part f life.
____16____ The first thing that strikes me abut educatin is knwledge gain. Educatin gives us knwledge f the wrld arund us. It develps in us a perspective f lking at life. It helps us build pinins and have pints f view n things in life. Educatin makes us capable f explaining things rightly. It is nt just abut lessns in textbks. ____17____
Educatin is imprtant als because it equips us with all that is needed t make ur dreams cme true. It pens drs t brilliant career pprtunities. ____18____ We are weighed in the market n the basis f ur educatinal skills and hw well we can apply them.
____19____ It wipes ut all the wrng beliefs in ur minds. It helps create a clear picture f everything arund us and we n lnger remain in cnfusin abut the things we learn. It can lead us t enlightenment. It is educatin that builds in every individual the cnfidence t make decisins, t face life and t accept success and failure.
Fr the prgress f a natin, fr the enrichment f sciety in general, educatin is necessary and imprtant. A cuntry’s literate ppulatin is its asset(有利条件). The number f institutes ffering vcatinal curses and clleges ffering nline educatin is increasing by the day.
Well, schls, clleges and ther such educatinal institutes define the basic framewrk f educatin. But educatin des nt end here. ____20____ Self-learning begins at a pint where institutinal educatin ends. The prcess f self-learning cntinues.
A. Educatin is essential as it paves the path leading t disillusinment(醒悟).
B. Why is educatin s imprtant?
C. It is a lifelng prcess.
D. Hw can peple get educatin?
E. It brings better prspects in career and grwth.
F. It is abut the lessns f life.
G. It ends when ur career begins.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15 小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Histry’s first empire rse ut f a ht, dry landscape, withut rainfall fr crps, withut trees r stnes fr building. In spite f all this, its peple built the wrld’s first cities, with mnumental architecture and large ppulatins — and they built them ___21___ ut f mud.
Sumer ___22___ the suthern part f mdern Iraq in the regin called Mesptamia. Mesptamia means “between tw rivers” — the Tigris and the Euphrates. Arund 5000 BCE, early Sumerians used channels and dams t ___23___ river water and farm large areas f previusly ___24___ land. Agricultural cmmunities like this were slwly ___25___ in Mesptamia.
But Sumerians were the first t take the ___26___ step. Using ___27___ made frm river mud, they began t build multi-stried hmes and temples. Thse clay bricks gave rise t the wrld’s first ___28___, like Uruk, Ur, and Eridu, prbably arund 4500 BCE.
The Sumerians created the first ___29___ system, designed t teach the ability f writing. In the schls, peple studied frm dawn t dusk, frm _____30_____ well int adulthd. They _____31_____ accunting, mathematics, and cpied wrks f literature.
But by the third millennium (千年) BCE, Sumer was n lnger the _____32_____ empire arund, r even in Mesptamia. Waves f nmadic (游牧) tribes pured int the _____33_____ frm the nrth and east. In 2300 BCE, the Sumerian Empire was cnquered and _____34_____.
Afterward, Sumer disappeared back int the desert dirt, nt t be _____35_____ until the 19th century.
21. A. permanentlyB. quicklyC. patientlyD. entirely
22. A. ccupiedB. destryedC. lstD. attacked
23. A. separateB. interruptC. redirectD. freeze
24. A. dryB. ryalC. awesmeD. rich
25. A. wearing dwnB. springing upC. rising upD. breaking dwn
26. A. nextB. lastC. slwD. same
27. A. equipmentB. basinsC. wallsD. bricks
28. A. emperrsB. universitiesC. citiesD. palaces
29. A. lawB. schlC. cnstructinD. labur
30. A. scietyB. childhdC. cmmunityD. parenthd
31. A. inventedB. dismissedC. learnedD. preserved
32. A. nlyB. safeC. weakD. reliable
33. A. reginB. centerC. riverD. farm
34. A. strengthenedB. savedC. surrundedD. verturned
35. A. rebuiltB. relcatedC. rediscveredD. reunited
第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分 15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Shanghai Disney Resrt celebrated the ____36____ (ten) anniversary f its grundbreaking n Thursday, ____37____ President Je Schtt expressing great cnfidence in the resrt’s future. “We believe in the lng-term benefits f the China market. That’s ____38____ yu will see us cntinue t d,” Schtt says.
Since its pening, the Shanghai Disney Resrt ____39____ (set) many recrds, which include beating market ____40____ (expect) by welcming mre than 11 millin visitrs in its first year f peratins. The main features f the resrt saw rapid expansin f its peratins. The first majr expansin, Disney Pixar Ty Stry Land, pened n April 26, 2018, ____41____ (make) Shanghai Disneyland the fastest Disneyland in the wrld t expand after ____42____ (pen). The secnd majr expansin is the Ztpia themed land, ____43____ is currently under cnstructin. It is als the first-ever Ztpia themed land at any Disney park in the wrld.
He Jianmin, a prfessr at the Shanghai University f Finance and Ecnmics, says the resrt has made a psitive impact n the industry, imprving service quality ____44____ innvating turism prducts. Shanghai plans t duble the number f scenic spts and turism prjects with mre than 10 millin visits ____45____(annual) in 2025, as cmpared with last year. He hpes the Shanghai Disney Resrt culd be a new driver fr high-quality develpment f the turism industry.
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作 (满分15分)
46. 假设你是李华，你的爱尔兰好友Jim发来邮件说爱尔兰人微信群里多数人用真人照片做微信头像（prfile pht/picture），觉得这样更能让别人信任自己，他想知道为什么多数中国人不用本人照片当头像。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：
(1) 分析可能的原因；
(2) 给出你的观点；
(3) 期待回信。
注意：1. 写作词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 (满分 25分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
My cusin Allen, 19 years ld, was the clest star ftball player at the University f Minnesta. I wanted t be just like him. S when Allen asked me t jin him n a spring fishing trip in nrthern Minnesta, I said yes!
After planning the trip, we gathered clthes and supplies and then set ff n ur adventure. We reached the Superir Natinal Frest by early evening. On the way t ur campsite, Allen pinted t a small huse faraway in ne f the muntains, saying that it was the ranger statin (护林站) where the fresters wrked. A jeep stpped beside the small ranger statin. Allen tld me that ur campsite was in the deep f the frest, really far away frm the highway.
Only when we made it t ur campsite, did I realize that we were really in the middle f nwhere. Smehw I was a bit wrried. Luckily, Allen appeared t knw all the tricks f an experienced camper. Sn after we gathered enugh wd frm the frest flr, he started the campfire using nly stne and steel, n matches. After a day f travelling, we were very hungry. We ate beef and rice and sme sup as well.
Exhausted, we crawled int ur sleeping bags early. Allen was still talking abut his past camping adventures when a sudden wind picked up frm the nrth. The temperature drpped and it began t snw. Allen knew f a way t increase the temperature inside the tent. He dragged a lg frm the wds, wrapped aluminum fil (铝箔) arund the lg and then placed it near the campfire. The heat frm the fire reflected int the tent. Sn the tent was warm again and thughts f lake fish filled my dreams.
续写要求：1、续写词数应为150左右;2、请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Para 1:
“Wake up! Jim! Our tent is n fire!” Allen awke me in panic.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Para 2:
A jeep appeared
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力1-5 ACACB 6-10 BABBA 11-15 AACCB 16-20 CCBBB
泰安二中2022 级高二下学期6月月考
英语试题
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5 小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What pets des the wman keep nw?
A. Cats. B. Dgs. C. Rabbits.
2. Why is the wman jumping frm a plane?
A. T fly like a bird. B. T vercme her fear. C. T help peple in need.
3. What are the speakers lking at?
A. A bwl. B. A cup. C. A plate.
4. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. The weather in the Gbi Desert.
B. Different deserts arund the wrld.
C. An experience f traveling in the desert.
5. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Grandfather and granddaughter.
B. Mther and sn.
C. Teacher and student.
第二节 (共15 小题， 每小题1.5分， 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. What des the character’s name refer t?
A. A literary figure. B. The birth rder. C. The weather cnditin.
7. In which mnth was Masika brn?
A. May. B. July. C. August.
听第7段材料，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. Being hnest all the time.
B. Frgiving friends’ mistakes.
C. Accepting the results f lying.
9. Wh will Daniel speak t next?
A. His mther. B. His sister. C. His best friend.
听第8段材料，回答第10至第12 三个小题。
10. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B. C-wrkers. C. Teacher and student.
11. What event are the speakers prbably attending?
A. A graduatin ceremny. B. A jb fair. C. A schl trip.
12. What is the man ging t d in the near future?
A. Visit Eurpe. B. Mve abrad. C. Attend university.
听第9段材料，回答第13至第16 四个小题。
13. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. On a train. B. In a plice statin. C. In a train statin.
14. What time is it nw?
A. Arund 5:15 p. m. B. A rund 5:30 p. m. C. Arund 5:45 p. m.
15. What des the wman prbably d?
A. She’s an engineer. B. She’s a salespersn. C. She’s a reprter.
16. What else did the wman lse?
A. Her phne. B. Her wallet. C. Her car keys.
听第10段材料，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. Wh may be interested in the talk?
A. Bus drivers. B. City fficials. C. Freign turists.
18. Which place is mentined secndly?
A. The Lndn Eye. B. Twer Bridge. C. The Twer f Lndn.
19. What helped make Lndn a large and pwerful city accrding t the speaker?
A. Its fame. B. Its river. C. Its machines.
20. When was Twer Bridge fficially pened?
A. In 1859. B. In 1894. C. In 1976.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题， 每小题2.5分， 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The traditinal Chinese slar calendar divides the year int 24 slar terms. Grain Buds (小满) the 8th slar term f a year, begins n May 21 this year, and ends n June 5. It means that the seeds frm the grain are becming full but are nt ripe. Let’s see what we can d during the “Grain Buds” perid.
Eating herb f cmmn sw thistle
Grain Buds is a seasn fr eating the herb f the cmmn sw thistle, which is ne f the earliest edible ptherbs in China. It tastes a little bitter, but als sweet. Peple in Ningxia Hui autnmus regin like t eat it mixed with salt, vinegar, peppers r garlic. It tastes delicius and helps peple feel refreshed. Sme peple bil the herb with water and then squeeze ut the juice, which can be used t make sup.
Key perid fr flwer management
This time is a gd perid f the quick grwth f flwers. It is als a seasn when plant diseases and pests are at an all-time high, which makes caring fr yur garden even mre critical. Flwers need a lt f water and extra care t stay healthy. Weeding shuld be dne as they grw quickly and have t be extirpated in rder t keep the sil lse and frm cmpeting with the flwers fr nutrients.
Celebrating silkwrm deity birthday
Silkwrm rearing is a traditinal byprduct fr peple in regins suth f the Yangtze River. Peple in Jiangsu and Zhejiang prvinces regard this seasn as the birthday f the silkwrm deity. Thse wh engage in the silk industry thank the deity by ffering sacrifices and staging perfrmances. They pray t the deity fr blessings and a bm seasn fr the silk business.
1. Which f the fllwing is true abut Grain Buds?
A. It is seen as the birthday f the flwer deity.
B. It is an essential perid t tend t the garden.
C. It means that the seeds frm the grain are mature.
D. It begins n May 21 this year, and ends n July 5.
2. Peple in the silk industry tend t ______ during the Grain Buds.
A. ffer sacrifices t ancestrsB. pray fr a clse seasn
C. learn t cunt their blessingsD. give shws t thank the deity
3. In which clumn f a newspaper can we read the article?
A Entertainment.B. Ecnmics.C. Plitics.D. Culture.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了二十四节气中的小满时节值得我们注意的一些传统和建议。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“This time is a gd perid f the quick grwth f flwers. It is als a seasn when plant diseases and pests are at an all-time high, which makes caring fr yur garden even mre critical.(此时正是鲜花快速生长的好时期，也是植物病虫害高发的季节，因此花园的护理就显得更加重要。)”可知，小满是照料花园的重要时期。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thse wh engage in the silk industry thank the deity by ffering sacrifices and staging perfrmances. (从事丝绸业的人们则以祭祀、表演等方式感谢神灵。)”可知，在小满时期，丝绸行业的人们往往会举办表演来感谢神灵。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The traditinal Chinese slar calendar divides the year int 24 slar terms. Grain Buds(小满), the 8th slar term f a year, begins n May 21 this year, and ends n June 5. It means that the seeds frm the grain are becming full but are nt ripe. Let’s see what we can d during the “Grain Buds” perid.(中国传统阳历将一年分为二十四个节气。小满是一年中的第八个节气，今年从5月21日开始，到6月5日结束。这意味着谷粒正在饱满但尚未成熟。让我们看看在“小满”期间我们可以做些什么。)”可知，文章介绍了二十四节气中的小满时节，本文可以在报纸的文化栏目看到。故选D。
B
There can be n dubt that Stephen King, New Yrk Time’s Best-Selling authr, has fund success in many aspects, but it wasn’t always like this. King witnessed tragedy and hrrrs frm the very beginning. When he was 2 years ld, his father tld his mm that he was ging ut t get cigarettes but in fact, he never came back, he had abandned his family.
This left his mther Ruth t care fr Stephen and his elder brther David n her wn. Ruth was frced t mve ften, desperately lking fr wrk as she was nw the nly prvider f the family, and she had t rely n relatives mst f the time. One day Stephen went ut t play with friends and when he came back, he wasn’t even able t speak a single wrd, it seemed he was hurt mentally r smething, but he still gt the curage t cntinue frward. It turned ut that ne f his friends was hit by a train and died, which left an emtinal scar n him.
King, later n, drpped ut f schl due t sme serius health cncerns and was tld that he had t enlist (入伍) again the next fall, which demtivated him t. Althugh Stephen King didn’t see his childhd as smething extrardinary r special, he did say that he was always fascinated by scary things. Peple used t acknwledge the King family by their lve f literature, in fact whenever Stephen’s mm had t g ut, she didn’t hire a babysitter, fr the kids used t read nvels t each ther s they wuld nt get bred. Stephen King’s lve f stries was develped frm a very yung age and he carried that traditin with his wn children alng with his wife Tabitha.
In 1973, Stephen King started his amazing jurney f success when he published his first nvel Carrie, which is scary. The rest fllwed frm after that as he published many amazing bks like The Shining, IT, Firestarter, and Cuj. All f these bks became instant classics and gt their wn mvie and televisin shws adaptins.
4. What is mainly talked abut abut Stephen King in the first tw paragraphs?
A. His achievements in writing.B. His unfrtunate childhd.
C. His difficulty in supprting the family.D. His mther’s bitter experiences.
5. What left Stephen King nt even speaking a single wrd?
A. He was kncked dwn by a passing train.B. He was badly criticized by a clse friend.
C. He was depressed by the cnstant mves.D. He was heart-struck by a terrible accident.
6. What des the underlined wrd “demtivated” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Discuraged.B. Relaxed.C. Embarrassed.D. Inspired.
7. Why didn’t Stephen’s mm hire a babysitter?
A. The family was t pr t hire a babysitter.B. The family culd nt find a prper babysitter.
C. The children culd actually entertain themselves.D. The children didn’t like t be cared fr by thers.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了知名作家斯蒂芬·金从悲惨的童年到成为畅销书作家的人生经历，探讨了家庭困境、个人挑战及其对恐怖故事的热爱。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“There can be n dubt that Stephen King, New Yrk Time’s Best-Selling authr, has fund success in many aspects, but it wasn’t always like this. King witnessed tragedy and hrrrs frm the very beginning. When he was 2 years ld, his father tld his mm that he was ging ut t get cigarettes but in fact, he never came back, he had abandned his family.(毫无疑问，《纽约时报》畅销书作家斯蒂芬·金在很多方面都取得了成功，但并不总是这样。金从一开始就目睹了悲剧和恐怖。当他两岁的时候，他的父亲告诉他妈妈他要出去买烟，但事实上，他再也没有回来，他抛弃了他的家庭)”以及第二段“This left his mther Ruth t care fr Stephen and his elder brther David n her wn. Ruth was frced t mve ften, desperately lking fr wrk as she was nw the nly prvider f the family, and she had t rely n relatives mst f the time. One day Stephen went ut t play with friends and when he came back, he wasn’t even able t speak a single wrd, it seemed he was hurt mentally r smething, but he still gt the curage t cntinue frward. It turned ut that ne f his friends was hit by a train and died, which left an emtinal scar n him.(这让他的母亲Ruth独自照顾斯蒂芬和他的哥哥大卫。Ruth被迫经常搬家，拼命地找工作，因为她现在是家里唯一的经济来源，她大部分时间都得依靠亲戚。有一天，斯蒂芬和朋友们出去玩，当他回来的时候，他甚至不能说一个字，似乎他精神上受伤了还是怎么的，但他仍然有勇气继续前进。原来，他的一个朋友被火车撞死了，这给他留下了情感上的伤疤)”可知，前面两段主要描述了Stephen King的悲惨的童年时期，包括他父亲的离开，他母亲独自抚养他和他哥哥的困难，以及他目睹朋友遭遇致命事故的心理创伤。这些都直接反映了他不幸的童年经历。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“One day Stephen went ut t play with friends and when he came back, he wasn’t even able t speak a single wrd, it seemed he was hurt mentally r smething, but he still gt the curage t cntinue frward. It turned ut that ne f his friends was hit by a train and died, which left an emtinal scar n him.(有一天，斯蒂芬和朋友们出去玩，当他回来的时候，他甚至不能说一个字，似乎他精神上受伤了还是怎么的，但他仍然有勇气继续前进。原来，他的一个朋友被火车撞死了，这给他留下了情感上的伤疤)”可知，Stephen因为一位朋友被火车撞击致死的事故深受打击，导致他一时无法言语。故选D。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“King, later n, drpped ut f schl due t sme serius health cncerns and was tld that he had t enlist (入伍) again the next fall,(后来，金因为一些严重的健康问题而辍学，并被告知他必须在第二年秋天再次入伍)”可知，金后来因为一些严重的健康问题而辍学，这是一件令人泄气的事，所以demtivated意为Discuraged“使泄气”之意。故选A。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Peple used t acknwledge the King family by their lve f literature, in fact whenever Stephen’s mm used t g ut, she didn’t hire a babysitter, fr the kids used t read nvels t each ther s they wuld nt get bred.(人们过去常常以他们对文学的热爱来认可金一家，事实上，每当斯蒂芬的妈妈出去时，她都不会雇保姆，因为孩子们过去常常互相读小说，这样他们就不会感到无聊)”可知，孩子们通过阅读相互陪伴，所以不需要额外雇用保姆。故选C。
C
Yu’ll bst yur brainpwer if yu brave the unknwn, says ur memry expert, Jnathan Hancck.
There’s a lt t cpe with when yu g ff t university, and the academic wrk is just the start. There are new friends t meet, new pprtunities t chse between, new respnsibilities t accept... and, fr mst students, a cmpletely new city t explre.
We recently drve ur daughter Evie 150 miles t start life as a fresher. It was a struggle t find the car park, let alne navigate the maze f crridrs that led t her rm. Befre we left that evening, we’d taken her t the lcal supermarket, and we knew that she had flatmates and phne apps t get her rientated. But the scale f the challenge ahead was clear — t find her way in an unfamiliar wrld.
The gd news fr Evie — and learners everywhere is that explring new habitats is hugely beneficial t memry. In a recent study vlunteers walked arund a simulated frest envirnment. Then sme f them tk the same walk again, while thers explred a different frest. And that secnd grup perfrmed significantly better in memry tests straight after. Accrding t the researchers, that was because navigating the new envirnment stimulated their dpamine (多巴胺) systems-setting up their brains fr learning.
S leaving hme t study fr a degree makes perfect sense. What’s mre, yung minds seem t gain mst frm being in strange surrundings. But we may all be able t gain sme f the benefits, even if it’s just by stimulating ur senses and challenging ur thinking skills. Here are three things t try:
(1) G smewhere new t tackle an upcming learning task—like memrizing a speech in the library r revising fr an exam n a park bench — and take an unfamiliar rute t get there.
(2) Play vide games that get yu mving thrugh new landscapes. Then see whether it imprves yur success with ther learning tasks, like practising a dance r mastering phrases fr a freign trip.
(3) Get lst in yur imaginatin! T warm yurself up fr learning, picture a city yu knw well, but imagine yu’re stranded in a part f it that yu’ve never visited. Then try t fancy exactly hw yu’ll get ut.
8. What happened when they sent their daughter t her schl accrding t Paragraph 3?
A. They fund a park fr all their effrts.B. They were new t the surrundings.
C. They gt lst in the maze f crridrs.D. They had n phne apps t rely n.
9. Accrding t the passage, which is nt a gd way t bst yur brain pwer?
A. Taking an unfamiliar rute t g hme.
B. Playing sme vide games that help yu explre new surrundings.
C. Getting addicted t playing vide games befre revising fr the exam.
D. Imagining yurself getting ut f a new city befre memrizing a speech.
10. Why did the secnd grup in the study perfrm better in memry tests?
A. Because their dpamine systems were activated.
B. Because they entered the same envirnment twice.
C. Because they had flatmates and phne apps t help them.
D. Because they walked arund a simulated frest envirnment.
11. What is the main idea f the article?
A. The need fr finding parking spaces in unfamiliar cities.
B. The impact f explring a new envirnment n ur minds.
C. The benefits f playing vide games fr imprving learning tasks.
D. The significance f picturing familiar cities fr memry enhancement.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了探索未知环境能显著提升脑力，新环境刺激多巴胺系统有助学习，建议通过不同路径学习、玩探索类游戏、想象脱困新城市等方式锻炼大脑。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“It was a struggle t find the car park, let alne navigate the maze f crridrs that led t her rm.(很难找到停车场，更不用说在通往她房间的迷宫般的走廊里穿行了)”可知，他们对周围环境很不熟悉。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段的“S leaving hme t study fr a degree makes perfect sense. What’s mre, yung minds seem t gain mst frm being in strange surrundings. But we may all be able t gain sme f the benefits, even if it’s just by stimulating ur senses and challenging ur thinking skills.(因此，离开家去攻读学位是完全合理的。更重要的是，年轻人似乎从陌生的环境中获益最多。但我们都可能获得一些好处，即使只是通过刺激我们的感官和挑战我们的思维技能）以及接下来给出的三点建议可知，作者觉得变换学习场景与路线，利用视频游戏探索，想象力冒险都可以提高思维技能。由此可知，在考试复习前沉迷于玩电子游戏并不是一个提升脑力的好方法。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“Accrding t the researchers, that was because navigating the new envirnment stimulated their dpamine (多巴胺) systems-setting up their brains fr learning.(根据研究人员的说法，这是因为在新环境中导航会刺激他们的多巴胺系统，从而建立大脑进行学习)”可知，第二组在记忆测试中表现更好的原因是他们的多巴胺系统被激活了。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Yu’ll bst yur brainpwer if yu brave the unknwn, says ur memry expert, Jnathan Hancck.(我们的记忆专家乔纳森·汉考克说，如果你勇敢面对未知，你会提高你的脑力)”以及全文可知，文章的主旨围绕探索新环境对我们心智的影响展开，特别是如何通过这种方式提升记忆力和学习能力。所以“探索新环境对我们思维的影响。”是文章的主题。故选B。
D
Zlgists studied the nervus systems f insects t investigate principles f bilgical brain cmputatin and pssible effects n machine learning and artificial intelligence. Specifically, they analysed hw insects learn t assciate sensry infrmatin in their envirnment with a fd reward, and hw they can recall this infrmatin later in rder t slve cmplex tasks such as the search fr fd.
Living rganisms shw remarkable abilities in cping with prblems psed by cmplex and dynamic envirnments. They are able t generalize their experiences in rder t rapidly adapt their behaviur when the envirnment changes. The zlgists investigated hw the nervus system f the fruit fly cntrls its behaviur when searching fr fd.
Using a cmputer mdel, they simulated and analysed the cmputatins in the fruit fly’s nervus system in respnse t scents (气味) cming frm the fd surce. They initially trained their mdel f the fly brain in exactly the same way as insects are trained in experiments. They presented a specific scent in the simulatin tgether with a reward and a secnd scent withut a reward.
“The mdel rapidly learns a strng representatin f the rewarded scent after just a few scent presentatins and is then able t find the surce f this scent in a cmplex envirnment,” said cmputer scientist Dr Hannes Rapp, wh created the mdel.
The mdel created is thus capable t generalize frm its memry and t apply what it has learned previusly in a cmpletely new and cmplex envirnment, while learning required nly a very small database f training samples.
The results suggest that the transfrmatin f sensry infrmatin int memries in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applicatins t slving cmplex tasks.
12. What is the ultimate aim f the research?
A. T investigate principles f bilgical brain cmputatin.
B. T slve prblems in simulated cmplex envirnments.
C. T analyse hw insects search fr fd in cmplex envirnment.
D. T prmte machine learning and AI applicatins.
13. Hw did zlgists mainly carry ut their research?
A. By bserving fruit flies.B. By perfrming lab experiments.
C. By using a cmputer mdel.D. By carrying ut field research.
14. What is mainly discussed abut the study in paragraphs 3-5?
A. Its findings.B. Its prcess.C. Its imprtance.D. Its applicatin.
15. What des the result f this study imply?
A. Artificial intelligence is applied t the study f insect brain.
B. Fd reward is cnnected with infrmatin transfrmatin.
C. Sensry infrmatin can be applied t slving cmplex tasks.
D. Studying living rganisms can make a difference t AI research.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍动物学家通过研究证明感官信息可以促进机器学习和人工智能在解决复杂问题中的作用。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Zlgists studied the nervus systems f insects t investigate principles f bilgical brain cmputatin and pssible effects n machine learning and artificial intelligence.（动物学家研究昆虫的神经系统，其目的是研究生物大脑计算的原理，以及对机器学习和人工智能可能产生的影响）”和最后一段的“The results suggest that the transfrmatin f sensry infrmatin int memries in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applicatins t slving cmplex tasks.（研究结果表明，将感官信息转化为大脑中的记忆可以激发未来机器学习和人工智能在解决复杂任务中的应用）”推知，该研究的最终目的是促进机器学习和人工智能的应用。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Using a cmputer mdel, they simulated and analysed the cmputatins in the fruit fly’s nervus system in respnse t scents (气味) cming frm the fd surce. （利用一个计算机模型，他们模拟并分析了果蝇神经系统对来自食物来源的气味的反应）”可知，动物学家通过使用一个计算机模型来进行研究。故选C。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段的“They initially trained their mdel f the fly brain in exactly the same way as insects are trained in experiments. They presented a specific scent in the simulatin tgether with a reward and a secnd scent withut a reward.（他们最初训练果蝇大脑模型的方式与在实验中训练昆虫的方式完全相同。他们在模拟实验中展示了一种特定的气味和一种奖励，以及一种没有奖励的气味）”，第四段的“The mdel rapidly learns a strng representatin f the rewarded scent after just a few scent presentatins and is then able t find the surce f this scent in a cmplex envirnment（这个模型只需展示几次气味，就能迅速学会对受奖励气味的强烈表达，然后就能在复杂的环境中找到这种气味的来源）”和第五段的“The mdel created is thus capable t generalize frm its memry and t apply what it has learned previusly in a cmpletely new and cmplex envirnment（因此，所创建的模型能够从其记忆中进行概括，并在一个全新复杂的环境中应用之前所学到的知识）”可知，3-5段主要介绍了实验的过程，包括实验初、实验中和实验得到的结果。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“The results suggest that the transfrmatin f sensry infrmatin int memries in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applicatins t slving cmplex tasks.（研究结果表明，将感官信息转化为大脑中的记忆可以激发未来机器学习和人工智能在解决复杂任务中的应用）”推知，感官信息可以用来解决复杂的任务。故选C。
第二节 (共5 小题; 每小题2.5分， 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Educatin is a self-enlightening prcess. It is an imprtant part f life.
____16____ The first thing that strikes me abut educatin is knwledge gain. Educatin gives us knwledge f the wrld arund us. It develps in us a perspective f lking at life. It helps us build pinins and have pints f view n things in life. Educatin makes us capable f explaining things rightly. It is nt just abut lessns in textbks. ____17____
Educatin is imprtant als because it equips us with all that is needed t make ur dreams cme true. It pens drs t brilliant career pprtunities. ____18____ We are weighed in the market n the basis f ur educatinal skills and hw well we can apply them.
____19____ It wipes ut all the wrng beliefs in ur minds. It helps create a clear picture f everything arund us and we n lnger remain in cnfusin abut the things we learn. It can lead us t enlightenment. It is educatin that builds in every individual the cnfidence t make decisins, t face life and t accept success and failure.
Fr the prgress f a natin, fr the enrichment f sciety in general, educatin is necessary and imprtant. A cuntry’s literate ppulatin is its asset(有利条件). The number f institutes ffering vcatinal curses and clleges ffering nline educatin is increasing by the day.
Well, schls, clleges and ther such educatinal institutes define the basic framewrk f educatin. But educatin des nt end here. ____20____ Self-learning begins at a pint where institutinal educatin ends. The prcess f self-learning cntinues.
A. Educatin is essential as it paves the path leading t disillusinment(醒悟).
B. Why is educatin s imprtant?
C. It is a lifelng prcess.
D. Hw can peple get educatin?
E. It brings better prspects in career and grwth.
F. It is abut the lessns f life.
G. It ends when ur career begins.
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. E 19. A 20. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了教育是一个自我启发的过程，它是生活的重要组成部分，并介绍了教育给人们带来的好处以及教育的必要性和重要性。
【16题详解】
上文“It is an imprtant part f life. (它是生活的重要组成部分。)”说明教育是非常重要的，选项B“为什么教育如此重要？”承接上文，提出为什么它如此重要的问题，引出下文“The first thing that strikes me abut educatin is knwledge gain. (教育给我的第一印象是知识的获取。)”解释回答问题。故选B项。
【17题详解】
上文“Educatin makes us capable f explaining things rightly. It is nt just abut lessns in textbks.(教育使我们能够正确地解释事物。它不仅仅是课本上的课程。)”说明，教育不仅仅是课本上课程，选项C“它是一个终生的过程。”承接上文，对上文进行补充说明。故选C项。
【18题详解】
上文“Educatin is imprtant als because it equips us with all that is needed t make ur dreams cme true. It pens drs t brilliant career pprtunities. (教育之所以重要，也是因为它为我们提供了实现梦想所需的一切。它为我们打开了通往辉煌职业机会的大门。)”说明，教育能使我们实现梦想并从事辉煌职业，选项E“它带来了更好的职业和成长前景。”承接上文，进一步说明了教育能带来更好的职业。上文中career pprtunities和选项中career语义相关，故选E项。
【19题详解】
下文“It wipes ut all the wrng beliefs in ur minds. It helps create a clear picture f everything arund us and we n lnger remain in cnfusin abut the things we learn. It can lead us t enlightenment. It is educatin that builds in every individual the cnfidence t make decisins, t face life and t accept success and failure.(它消除了我们头脑中所有错误的信念。它有助于清晰地描绘我们周围的一切，我们不再对所学的东西感到困惑。它可以引导我们走向启蒙。正是教育让每个人都有信心做出决定，面对生活，接受成功和失败。)”阐述了教育的必要性，选项A“教育是完全必要的，因为它铺平了通向醒悟的道路。”概括说明了本段内容。故选A项。
【20题详解】
上文“Well, schls, clleges and ther such educatinal institutes define the basic framewrk f educatin. But educatin des nt end here.(学校、学院和其他这样的教育机构定义了教育的基本框架。但教育并没有结束。)”说明教育虽然有了基本框架，但教育没有结束。选项D“人们如何接受教育？”承接上文，提出如何接受教育的问题，引出下文“Self-learning begins at a pint where institutinal educatin ends. The prcess f self-learning cntinues.(自我教育从机构教育结束的时候开始。自我学习的过程还在继续)”对问题进行解释回答，强调自我学习。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15 小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Histry’s first empire rse ut f a ht, dry landscape, withut rainfall fr crps, withut trees r stnes fr building. In spite f all this, its peple built the wrld’s first cities, with mnumental architecture and large ppulatins — and they built them ___21___ ut f mud.
Sumer ___22___ the suthern part f mdern Iraq in the regin called Mesptamia. Mesptamia means “between tw rivers” — the Tigris and the Euphrates. Arund 5000 BCE, early Sumerians used channels and dams t ___23___ river water and farm large areas f previusly ___24___ land. Agricultural cmmunities like this were slwly ___25___ in Mesptamia.
But Sumerians were the first t take the ___26___ step. Using ___27___ made frm river mud, they began t build multi-stried hmes and temples. Thse clay bricks gave rise t the wrld’s first ___28___, like Uruk, Ur, and Eridu, prbably arund 4500 BCE.
The Sumerians created the first ___29___ system, designed t teach the ability f writing. In the schls, peple studied frm dawn t dusk, frm _____30_____ well int adulthd. They _____31_____ accunting, mathematics, and cpied wrks f literature.
But by the third millennium (千年) BCE, Sumer was n lnger the _____32_____ empire arund, r even in Mesptamia. Waves f nmadic (游牧) tribes pured int the _____33_____ frm the nrth and east. In 2300 BCE, the Sumerian Empire was cnquered and _____34_____.
Afterward, Sumer disappeared back int the desert dirt, nt t be _____35_____ until the 19th century.
21. A. permanentlyB. quicklyC. patientlyD. entirely
22. A. ccupiedB. destryedC. lstD. attacked
23. A. separateB. interruptC. redirectD. freeze
24. A. dryB. ryalC. awesmeD. rich
25. A. wearing dwnB. springing upC. rising upD. breaking dwn
26. A. nextB. lastC. slwD. same
27. A. equipmentB. basinsC. wallsD. bricks
28. A. emperrsB. universitiesC. citiesD. palaces
29. A. lawB. schlC. cnstructinD. labur
30. A. scietyB. childhdC. cmmunityD. parenthd
31. A. inventedB. dismissedC. learnedD. preserved
32. A. nlyB. safeC. weakD. reliable
33. A. reginB. centerC. riverD. farm
34. A. strengthenedB. savedC. surrundedD. verturned
35. A. rebuiltB. relcatedC. rediscveredD. reunited
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. A 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了历史上第一个帝国——苏美尔文明的兴起和衰落。文章讲述了苏美尔人如何在干旱的环境中，通过智慧和技术建立了世界上第一批城市，并创造了书写系统。然而，随着游牧部落的入侵，苏美尔帝国最终崩溃并被遗忘，直到19世纪才被重新发现。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，它的人民还是建造了世界上第一批城市，拥有宏伟的建筑和庞大的人口——而且他们完全是用泥土建造的。A. permanently永久地；B. quickly快速地；C. patiently耐心地；D. entirely完全地。根据上文“withut trees r stnes fr building”可知，没有树木和石头来建造房屋，所以他们的建筑完全是用泥土建造的。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：苏美尔占据了现在伊拉克南部的美索不达米亚地区。A. ccupied占据；B. destryed摧毁；C. lst丢失；D. attacked攻击。根据下文“the suthern part f mdern Iraq in the regin called Mesptamia”可知，苏美尔文明占据了美索不达米亚地区，这是它的发源地。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约在公元前5000年，早期的苏美尔人使用渠道和水坝来改变河水的方向，并在以前干旱的土地上种植大片土地。A. separate分开；B. interrupt打断；C. redirect重新定向，使改方向；D. freeze冻结。根据上文“used channels and dams”和下文“farm large areas f previusly ___4___ land”可推知，苏美尔人用渠道和水坝来改变河水的方向，达到灌溉和种植的目的。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大约在公元前5000年，早期的苏美尔人使用渠道和水坝来改变河水的方向，并在以前干旱的土地上种植大片土地。A. dry干旱的；B. ryal王室的；C. awesme令人敬畏的；D. rich富有的，丰富的。根据第一段中“Histry’s first empire rse ut f a ht, dry landscape, withut rainfall fr crps”可知，这原本是一片缺水干旱的土地，苏美尔人通过改变河水的方向对其进行了改造。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：像这样的农业社区在美索不达米亚慢慢出现。A. wearing dwn磨损；B. springing up突然生长或出现；C. rising up上升；D. breaking dwn崩溃，出故障。根据上文可知，苏美尔人用渠道和水坝来改变河水的方向，进而改造美索不达米亚平原，让其适合种植，所以很多的农业社区在美索不达米亚慢慢出现。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但苏美尔人率先迈出了下一步。A. next下一个；B. last最后的；C. slw慢的；D. same相同的。根据下文“Using ___7___ made frm river mud, they began t build multi-stried hmes and temples.”可知，苏美尔人开始修建多层住宅和寺庙，他们迈出了建造城市的下一步。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们开始用河泥做砖，建造多层房屋和寺庙。A. equipment设备；B. basins盆地；C. walls墙壁；D. bricks砖块。根据下文“frm river mud”和“Thse clay bricks”可知，他们把河泥做成砖块。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些粘土砖造就了世界上最早的城市，如乌鲁克、乌尔和埃利都，大约在公元前4500年左右。A. emperrs皇帝；B. universities大学；C. cities城市；D. palaces宫殿。根据下文“Uruk, Ur, and Eridu”可知，苏美尔人用粘土砖建造了很多城市。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：苏美尔人创造了第一个学校系统，旨在教授书写能力。A. law法律；B. schl学校；C. cnstructin建设；D. labur劳动。根据下文“designed t teach the ability f writing”可知，他们创造了学校系统，用于教授书写。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在学校里，人们从早到晚学习，从童年一直学习到成年。A. sciety社会；B. childhd童年；C. cmmunity社区；D. parenthd为人父母。结合下文“int adulthd”和常识可推知，教育是从童年到成年。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们学习会计、数学，并抄写文学作品。A. invented发明；B. dismissed解雇；C. learned学习；D. preserved保存。下文“accunting, mathematics, and cpied wrks f literature”是学习的内容。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但到了公元前三千年，苏美尔不再是周边地区，甚至是美索不达米亚地区唯一的帝国。A. nly仅有的；B. safe安全的；C. weak虚弱的；D. reliable可靠的。根据“Waves f nmadic (游牧) tribes pured int the ____13____ frm the nrth and east. In 2300 BCE, the Sumerian Empire was cnquered”可知，苏美尔周边出现了挑战者，它不再是唯一帝国。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一波又一波的游牧部落从北部和东部涌入该地区。A. regin地区；B. center中心；C. river河流；D. farm农场。根据下文“frm the nrth and east”可知，游牧部落从不同方向涌入美索不达米亚地区。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析句意：公元前2300年，苏美尔帝国被征服并推翻。A. strengthened加强；B. saved拯救；C. surrunded包围；D. verturned推翻。根据上文“the Sumerian Empire was cnquered”和下文“Sumer disappeared back int the desert dirt”可知，苏美尔帝国被征服和推翻了。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：之后，苏美尔消失在沙漠的泥土中，直到19世纪才被重新发现。A. rebuilt重建；B. relcated重新安置；C. rediscvered重新发现；D. reunited重新团聚。根据下文“until the 19th century”可知，苏美尔文明只到19世纪才被重新发现。故选C项。
第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分 15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Shanghai Disney Resrt celebrated the ____36____ (ten) anniversary f its grundbreaking n Thursday, ____37____ President Je Schtt expressing great cnfidence in the resrt’s future. “We believe in the lng-term benefits f the China market. That’s ____38____ yu will see us cntinue t d,” Schtt says.
Since its pening, the Shanghai Disney Resrt ____39____ (set) many recrds, which include beating market ____40____ (expect) by welcming mre than 11 millin visitrs in its first year f peratins. The main features f the resrt saw rapid expansin f its peratins. The first majr expansin, Disney Pixar Ty Stry Land, pened n April 26, 2018, ____41____ (make) Shanghai Disneyland the fastest Disneyland in the wrld t expand after ____42____ (pen). The secnd majr expansin is the Ztpia themed land, ____43____ is currently under cnstructin. It is als the first-ever Ztpia themed land at any Disney park in the wrld.
He Jianmin a prfessr at the Shanghai University f Finance and Ecnmics, says the resrt has made a psitive impact n the industry, imprving service quality ____44____ innvating turism prducts. Shanghai plans t duble the number f scenic spts and turism prjects with mre than 10 millin visits ____45____(annual) in 2025, as cmpared with last year. He hpes the Shanghai Disney Resrt culd be a new driver fr high-quality develpment f the turism industry.
【答案】36. tenth
37. with 38. what
39. has set
40. expectatins
41. making 42. pening##being pened
43. which 44. and
45. annually
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了上海迪士尼度假区的发展情况。
【36题详解】
考查序数词。句意：上海迪士尼度假区于周四庆祝了开业十周年，总裁薛逸骏先生表示对该度假区的未来充满信心。结合语意，表示“第十个周年纪念日”，空处应用序数词tenth，表示“第十”。故填tenth。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：上海迪士尼度假区于周四庆祝了开业十周年，总裁薛逸骏先生表示对该度假区的未来充满信心。分析句子，空处应用介词with，构成with的复合结构，在句中作伴随状语。故填with。
【38题详解】
考查连词。句意：你会看到我们继续这样做。分析句子，空处引导表语从句，连接词在从句中作d的宾语，表示“什么”，应用what引导从句。故填what。
【39题详解】
考查时态。句意：自开业以来，上海迪士尼度假区创造了许多记录，其中包括在开业第一年接待了1100多万游客，超过了市场预期。句中since表示“自从”，表示从开业到现在创造了许多记录，应用现在完成时，主语the Shanghai Disney Resrt是单数，谓语使用has set。故填has set。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：自开业以来，上海迪士尼度假区创造了许多记录，其中包括在开业第一年接待了1100多万游客，超过了市场预期。分析句子，空处应用名词expectatin，表示“期望”，作动词beat的宾语。故填expectatin。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：第一个大规模扩建项目，迪士尼皮克斯玩具总动员乐园于2018年4月26日开放，使上海迪士尼乐园成为开业后全球扩张速度最快的迪士尼乐园。分析句子，空处作非谓语动词，迪士尼皮克斯玩具总动员乐园开放，自然而然就使得上海迪士尼乐园成为开业后全球扩张速度最快的迪士尼乐园，所以空处应用现在分词形式作结果状语。故填making。
【42题详解】
考查名词或非谓语动词。句意：第一个大规模扩建项目，迪士尼皮克斯玩具总动员乐园于2018年4月26日开放，使上海迪士尼乐园成为开业后全球扩张速度最快的迪士尼乐园。after是介词，表示“在……之后”，后边可接名词作宾语，pening是名词，表示“开放”，也可接动名词形式作宾语，pen与逻辑主语Shanghai Disneyland之间是被动关系，应用being pened。故填pening或being pened。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：第二个主要扩建项目是疯狂动物城主题公园，目前正在建设中。分析句子，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the Ztpia themed land，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用which引导从句。故填which。
【44题详解】
考查连词。句意：上海财经大学何家敏教授说，度假村对该行业产生了积极影响，提高了服务质量，创新了旅游产品。结合语意，imprving service quality与innvating turism prducts并列，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：上海计划在2025年每年将风景名胜区和旅游项目数量翻一番，与去年相比，游客超过1000万人次。分析句子，空处修饰句子，应用副词形式作状语，annually是副词，表示“每年地”。故填annually。
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作 (满分15分)
46. 假设你是李华，你的爱尔兰好友Jim发来邮件说爱尔兰人微信群里多数人用真人照片做微信头像（prfile pht/picture），觉得这样更能让别人信任自己，他想知道为什么多数中国人不用本人照片当头像。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：
(1) 分析可能的原因；
(2) 给出你的观点；
(3) 期待回信。
注意：1. 写作词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Jim,
I am mre than happy t hear frm yu and answer yur questin why Chinese peple rarely shw their faces n We-chat’s prfile picture.
There are sme reasns fr the phenmenn. Sme peple dn’t want t meet with ill cmments n their appearances, sme think f the prfile picture as a chance t make a statement, which shws their persnality, and thers just want t prtect their privacy because n ne knws what strangers will d with that. I think aviding ur wn phts makes the internet wrld funnier and mre entertaining.
Lking frward t yur early reply. Best wishes!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你的爱尔兰好友Jim发来邮件说爱尔兰人微信群里多数人用真人照片做微信头像，觉得这样更能让别人信任自己，他想知道为什么多数中国人不用本人照片当头像，要求考生用英文给他回复，分析可能的原因并给出你的观点。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
高兴的：happy→delighted
展示：shw→display
机会：chance→pprtunity
认为：think→cnsider
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：I think aviding ur wn phts makes the internet wrld funnier and mre entertaining.
拓展句：As far as I am cncerned, aviding ur wn phts makes the internet wrld funnier and mre entertaining.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I am mre than happy t hear frm yu and answer yur questin why Chinese peple rarely shw their faces n We-chat’s prfile picture.(why引导的同位语从句)
【高分句型2】Sme peple dn’t want t meet with ill cmments n their appearances, sme think f the prfile picture as a chance t make a statement, which shws their persnality, and thers just want t prtect their privacy because n ne knws what strangers will d with that.(which引导的非限制性定语从句、because引导原因状语从句以及what引导宾语从句)
第二节 (满分 25分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
My cusin Allen, 19 years ld, was the clest star ftball player at the University f Minnesta. I wanted t be just like him. S when Allen asked me t jin him n a spring fishing trip in nrthern Minnesta, I said yes!
After planning the trip, we gathered clthes and supplies and then set ff n ur adventure. We reached the Superir Natinal Frest by early evening. On the way t ur campsite, Allen pinted t a small huse faraway in ne f the muntains, saying that it was the ranger statin (护林站) where the fresters wrked. A jeep stpped beside the small ranger statin. Allen tld me that ur campsite was in the deep f the frest, really far away frm the highway.
Only when we made it t ur campsite, did I realize that we were really in the middle f nwhere. Smehw I was a bit wrried. Luckily, Allen appeared t knw all the tricks f an experienced camper. Sn after we gathered enugh wd frm the frest flr, he started the campfire using nly stne and steel, n matches. After a day f travelling, we were very hungry. We ate beef and rice and sme sup as well.
Exhausted, we crawled int ur sleeping bags early. Allen was still talking abut his past camping adventures when a sudden wind picked up frm the nrth. The temperature drpped and it began t snw. Allen knew f a way t increase the temperature inside the tent. He dragged a lg frm the wds, wrapped aluminum fil (铝箔) arund the lg and then placed it near the campfire. The heat frm the fire reflected int the tent. Sn the tent was warm again and thughts f lake fish filled my dreams.
续写要求：1、续写词数应为150左右;2、请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Para 1:
“Wake up! Jim! Our tent is n fire!” Allen awke me in panic.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Para 2:
A jeep appeared.
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【答案】
“Wake up! Jim! Our tent is n fire!” Allen awke me in panic. Frightened, I ran ut f the tent withut any hesitatin. The snw had stpped utside, but the wind fanned the flames f the fire twards ur tent. The tent cllapsed. We checked each ther t make sure neither f us was hurt. As we std by the burning tent t keep warm, bth f us had n idea what t d next. Suddenly, we heard a nise in the frest. Anxius, we listened and stared int the darkness.
A jeep appeared. A frester sptted the light frm the fire and came t have a check. We jumped int the warm vehicle and the frester drve us t the ranger statin, where we were given clthes and were able t call ur parents. Allen and I had many mre camping adventures frm then n, but it was n this trip that Allen began t treat me mre like a friend rather than a yunger cusin.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和堂兄Allen 去明尼苏达州北部的苏必利尔国家森林营地里露营，准备第二天去钓鱼。但是由于夜里刮起了大风，导致帐篷着火了。幸运的是，最后两个人都没有受伤，并由护林人安全护送到安全的地方。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容““醒醒！吉姆！我们的帐篷着火了！”艾伦惊慌地叫醒了我。”可知，第一段可描写作者和Allen的帐篷着火了，他们跑出帐篷，作者和Allen当时的处境。
②由第二段首句内容“一辆吉普车出现了。”可知，第二段可描写有人来搭救，作者和Allen获救以及之后Allen对待作者的态度的转变。
2. 续写线索：帐篷着火——跑出帐篷——在森林里等待——护林员检查——跳进吉普车离开——进行更多的野营——关系加深
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①确保：make sure/ensure
②保持：keep/maintain
③发现：spt/find/discver
情绪类
①害怕的：frightened/scared/terrified
②焦急的：anxius/wrried/cncerned
【点睛】[高分句型1]As we std by the burning tent t keep warm, bth f us had n idea what t d next.(as引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2]We jumped int the warm vehicle and the frester drve us t the ranger statin, where we were given clthes and were able t call ur parents.(where引导的非限制性定语从句)
听力1-5 ACACB 6-10 BABBA 11-15 AACCB 16-20 CCBBB