山西省2022-2023学年高二下学期7月期末联考英语试题（含答案与解析）

这是一份山西省2022-2023学年高二下学期7月期末联考英语试题（含答案与解析），共20页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，完形填空，语法填空，书信写作，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、阅读理解
Nrhern Michigan knws hw t celebrate summer’s arrival. This mnth, jin a decades-lng party that greets the sun’s traditinal cannn (大炮) firing and the cheering n f a ferry (渡船) launch.
Frt Mackinac
It’s a traditin fr the Lilac Queen t fire the first cannn when Prt Mackinac pens fr the seasn. This year brings back a ppular prgram that lets visitrs learn t drill like an 1880s sldier, as well as a new reading rm ffering the chance t learn histry thrugh newspapers f the day. Yu may even share a ferry ver t the island with a hrse r tw.
Fishtwn
The annual “Here cmes the Sun” party has been rcking histric Fishtwn every Memrial Day Mnday fr 30 years. This year, The Cve restaurant is bringing back the lng-time traditins: live band, utdr barbecue, and a rwbat icing dwn the beer as it flats n the Leland River.
Benzie Cunty
Nthing says seasn pener f summer like Hnr’s chance t catch the family-friendly duble feature at The Cherry Bwl Drive-in. Pre-mvie, make time fr nsite mini glf and taking in the cartns that feature dancing ht dgs. Dn’t frget t grab a bx f ppcrn tpped with real butter.
Ludingtn
The entire twn lines the streets f Ludingtn when the SS Badger (獾) sets sail fr the seasn n May 12. Even first-time sailrs n this fur-hur Lake Michigan ferry will find it hard t resist jining the quiz (with prizes), r catching an n-bard mvie. Lk fr themed shreline sails, t, that travel alng Ludingtn’s cast with live entertainment.
1．Where shuld yu g if yu want t experience a military training?
A．Frt Mackinac.B．Fishtwn.C．Benzie Cunty.D．Ludingtn.
2．What can peple d in Benzie Cunty?
A．Watch a cannn firing.B．Taste delicius ht dgs.
C．Enjy a film with family.D．Take part in a quiz game.
3．What d Frt Mackinac and Ludingtn have in cmmn?
A．They prvide bat rides.B．They enjy a lng histry.
C．They hst live perfrmances.D．They hld animal-themed activities.
As a mther and a prfessinal wrking full time, I spent all f my 30s saying yes. Saying yes t things I wanted t d, but a lt f the time saying yes t things I disliked. This was a peple-pleasing technique that wuld affect peple’s pinin f me: the wman wh culd d it all, s that I can btain a nice fame in their mind.
Little did I knw that I was als develping an autimmune(自身免疫的) disease, which I have t believe was my bdy’s way f telling me t slw dwn. I had severely swllen jints and brain fg but I pushed thrugh s that I culd lk in the mirrr at the end f the day and feel “accmplished”. The nly things I was accmplishing were bad health and bed habits.
And then a series f events changed everything: serius medical issues and lsing my jb. It tk all that t help me see hw intensely burnt ut I was. I spent a lt f time thinking abut where I had t be next instead f being present in the mment. But nw, I wake up each day knwing that everything n my schedule has been purpsefully agreed t.
Lking back, I had the capability t suffer the pressure t say yes. I als felt it necessary t say yes, frm driving peple t the airprt t seeing family every Friday night. I always wanted t slve everyne’s prblems and ffered sund and immediate slutins. It was ne big “yes” t everything.
I was everyne’s cheerleader, but frgt hw t cheer fr myself alng the way. But saying n is being my wn cheerleader. And it’s nt saying n t caring fr family and friends. Instead, it’s a minr change in mindset, taking a pause befre autmatically agreeing. I take a breath, d a quick cunt f my energy and ability befre jumping in.
4．Why did the authr say yes t things she disliked?
A．T please her bss.B．T prve her prfessin.
C．T push herself t the limit.D．T earn herself a gd reputatin.
5．Hw did the authr deal with the changes in her bdy?
A．She gt rid f bad habits.B．She thught little f them.
C．She slwed dwn her life pace.D．She paid mre attentin t her health.
6．Which wrd can best describe the authr?
A．Purpseful.B．Stubbrn.C．Reflective.D．Encuraging.
7．What will the authr d befre saying yes?
A．Find a cheerleader.B．Evaluate her situatin.
C．Breathe in sme fresh air.D．Seek help frm her friends.
Lts f yung mammals and birds engage in behaviur that prvides n bvius adaptive utcme such as access t fd, shelter r a mate, is vluntary and rewarding in itself and appears t be cnducted pleasantly when the animal is relaxed.
What abut bumblebees (大黄蜂)? Apparently they play t, accrding t wrk just published in Animal Behaviur by Galpayage Dna and Lars Chittka. The idea f asking whether bumblebees like t play came t Chittka during a previus study in which he trained them t rll wden balls arund in rder t gain access t fd. He nticed that, during this experiment, they wuld ften rll the balls fr n apparent reasn. They just seemed t enjy it.
A perfect PhD prject fr an ambitius student. And Ms Galpayage Dna stepped up t the mark. She created an field, put pllen (花粉) and sugar slutin in it t arrest the bees, and cnnected it via a plastic tube t a bumblebee nest in Dr Chittka’s labratry. In ne part f the field, nine f the balls were fixed t the flr. In anther, the balls culd be rlled arund. Ms Dna tagged 45 bees, between ne and 23 days ld, s that they culd be fllwed as individuals. She then pened the dr t the field fr three hurs a day fr 18 days and recrded n vide what happened.
The recrdings suggested that the bees did enjy this experiment. All f the tagged bees rlled a ball at least nce during the experiment. Mst did s many times. One particular enthusiast managed 117 rlls. Overall, the camera recrded 910 incidents f ball—rlling by tagged insects. Als yung bees played mre ften than ld nes. All that they seemingly need nw is sme galpsts and a referee (裁判), and bumblebee scial behaviur will take ff t the next level.
8．Why d sme animals engage in the behavir mentined in paragraph 1?
A．T find a perfect mate.B．T gain access t fd.
C．T entertain themselves.D．T get rewards frm thers.
9．What gave rise t the study published in Animal Behaviur?
A．A survival trainingB．A failed experiment.
C．An ambitius prject.D．An unexpected finding.
10．What des the underlined phrase “stepped up t the mark” mean in paragraph 3?
A．Applied fr her PhD．B．Jined Chittka’s study.
C．Tagged the bumblebees.D．Updated Chittka’s equipment.
11．What can be a suitable title f the passage?
A．Why Animals Lve t Play?B．Hw Bumblebees Manage Ball-rlling?
C．Are Bumblebees Prential Ftball Players?D．Is Playfulness Restricted t Mammals and Birds
Dartfrd Grammar. a secndary schl in Kent, declines t enter their graduates fr A-levels. Instead. pupils fllw curses set by Internatinal Baccalaureate, an exam bard based in Switzerland. They study six subjects, and these must include maths, English and a freign language. “We’re nt just preparing students fr university,” says Julian Metcalf, the headmaster, “but fr anther 60 years f life beynd that.”
Every few years England’s A-level system cmes in fr a kicking. Britain’s prime minister is the latest persn wh warned that England was unusual in letting yungsters drp maths and their native language at 16. He prpsed switching the current system fr a new “British Baccalaureate” that wuld require pupils t keep up bth f thse subjects until they are 18.
Even critics agree that A-levels are demanding qualificatins, and that they enjy great reputatin abrad. Britain’s universities have traditinally been pickier than thse in many ther cuntries. Ambitius students have generally been grateful that they are allwed t sweat nly the subjects they need fr admissin. Yet A-levels may nt be handing English teenagers the breadth (广度) f skills they need. Their perfrmance in English and math tests falls behind ther cuntries after they turn 16. One-third f 16-t 19-year-lds in England have lw basic skills accrding t a survey.
There is enugh time in the schl day t ffer extra maths and English classes withut greatly affecting ther studies. But it wuld cst mney. Withut any apparent justificatin, England’s schls get less funding fr pupils aged 16-19 than they d fr yunger children. Bradening studies wuld als require mre staff. Hwever, the number f peple wh began training t be a secndary-schl teacher this September was abut ne-third lwer than hped.
12．What drve Dartfrd t make the decisin in the first paragraph?
A．A-levels’ varius curses.B．Pupils’ heavy study burden.
C．Prime minister’s latest prpsal.D．Students’ lng-term develpment.
13．What d we knw abut students wh take A-levels in England?
A．They prefer freign languages.B．They have t study six subjects.
C．They can chse t drp maths.D．They are picky abut universities.
14．What might be a disadvantage f A-levels?
A．Strict admissin rules.B．Insufficient skill training.
C．Lw internatinal recgnitin.D．Demanding subject requirements.
15．What might be a majr prblem in England’s educatin system?
A．Overpaid staff.B．Lng schl-time.
C．Unqualified teachers.D．Imbalanced investment.
As bad as it feels, anxiety is essential. It’s awful, but imagine nt having it? Imagine the state f ur lives and relatinships if we dn’t have that little feeling inside us ging, “Ah, dn’t g there. Dn’t d that.” 16 But when anxiety hits, it’s hard t remember its imprtance. Here are sme interventins t help dial dwn yur stress fr thse mments.
Name things that make yu feel safe
If yu’re feeling anxius, ask yurself, “What are sme things that help me feel safer?” 17 A lt f peple will find that being surrunded by familiar peple r things is cmfrting. Once yu have yur list f peple r activities that make yu feel sale, pick ne ff the list and d it.
18
Try naming five things yu can hear, taste, tuch, smell r feel. Yu can als try washing yur face with cld water. Smelling smething strng can help t. These strategies help activate the parasympathetic nervus system (副交感神经系统),which can allw the bdy t relax. 19
Acknwledge yur physical sensatins
Naming hw yu feel physically when anxius can help dial dwn the intensity. Fr example, let’s say yu feel anxiety in yur stmach. 20 Then, pick a part f yur bdy that is nt in active pain. Next, alternate attentin between the place in yur bdy where yu feel pain and the place where yu d nt feel pain. This mindfulness technique can help yu tlerate r even reduce yur pain.
A．Use yur senses t relieve yurself.
B．Describe yur pain t yur physician.
C．Ntice yu feel like it’s n fire and it’s tight.
D．Thus, yur physical sufferings will be greatly relieved.
E．Anxiety is hw ur bdy can signal t us when we’re in danger.
F．That way, the part f yur brain respnsible fr lgic can cme back nline.
G．It culd be a persn yu feel cmfrtable arund r a TV shw yu lve rewatching.
二、完形填空
It was arund 3 p.m. I was lined up at the train ticket cunter t reserve a trip t Nagya t 21 sme phts fr a magazine called “Tday Fashin”. It was then that I felt the grund mving slightly like a subway shting thrugh a tunnel far beneath my feet. It was s mild that I 22 it, as did everyne arund me. Secnds later,a(n) 23 shake ccurred. Things started falling ver t the grund, and signs hanging frm the ceiling began swinging vilently. An elderly man next t me smiled at me 24 and just said ne wrd: “Earthquake.”
I 25 fr the dr, abut 60 feet away. The grund was shaking s vilently that it was 26 t run in a straight line. My heart was still punding s wildly 27 .I reached the street. I lnged t get as far away frm these buildings as pssible, but in Tky, finding any truly pen space is actually 28 .Ultimately, I std in a 29 fr a gd tw hurs as did mst everyne else. During this time, the grund f the spacius park cntinued t 30 less vilently. I wuld 31 later that afternn that the quake was a magnitude 8.9, the strngest earthquake in recrded histry. There were a few wmen 32 with peple pinting up at the buildings as they shk, 33 many thers appeared calm and relaxed. Even thugh I have witnessed many big events in the wrld, I really 34 Japanese fr their calmness and timely 35 .
21．A．shtB．recmmendC．pstD．appreciate
22．A．ignredB．nticedC．missedD．felt
23．A．mildB．vilentC．frecastD．anticipated
24．A．nervuslyB．calmlyC．bradlyD．delightfully
25．A．reachedB．madeC．lkedD．rushed
26．A．cmpulsryB．effrtlessC．challengingD．entertaining
27．A．unlessB．ifC．thughD．nce
28．A．undubtedB．impssibleC．easyD．available
29．A．parkB．buildingC．subwayD．train
30．A．changeB．crackC．fallD．shake
31．A．put frwardB．put dwnC．figure utD．make ut
32．A．laughingB．cryingC．escapingD．surviving
33．A．yetB．andC．henceD．s
34．A．cveredB．adredC．thankedD．admired
35．A．disasterB．reactinC．rescueD．assistance
三、语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式，
China's first grup f five female pilts flying J-11B fighter jets (战斗机) successfully cmpleted their first training recently.
The five female pilts invlved are at 36 average age f 23. Fllwing their first flight in the J-11B, they 37 (receive) training n frmatin flying, lw-altitude and air cmbat (作战) training befre they finally participate int frnt—line cmbat units next year. The five pilts have cmpleted the high-verlad and high—intensity flight training in the J11B aircraft, with intensity f the training 38 (be) the same as that f the men.
“We are hnred t be part f the first grup f female pilts flying J-11B fighter jets but 39 was als a test fr us. Thugh we're weak in physical strengths 40 (cmpare) with men, flying these jets is nt 41 hw strng yu are. 42 matters mst is decisin-making and cntrl f the jets. With the 43 (strng) tlerance, wmen wuld be better adapting fr lng—hur fighting,” nted Yan Zhngyue, ne f the five female pilts.
Wmen bviusly enjy advantages in perating weapns and advanced equipment because f the careful and sensitive characteristics, which als suits future warfare in which 44 (accuracy) peratin f weapn platfrms wuld be ne f 45 (fcus).
四、书信写作
46．假如你是李华，上周你收到好友Eric的来信，信中提到他所在的孔子学院正在策划校园文化节，他将负责中国展区的布置，想请你提供一些建议。请你回复一封邮件，内容包括：
1.推荐展品；
2.陈述原因；
3.表达期待。
注意；
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Eric,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
五、书面表达
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Captain America had always been a her fr Timthy White during his childhd. White dressed up as Captain America fr cnventins, parades and the lcal Anti-vilence Superher Day. As a teenager, he nce kncked fiercely in the dr f a huse that was n fire t see if anyne was trapped inside. Frtunately, the huse was empty.
Hwever, things were quite different this time. If Timthy White Jr. were Captain America, perhaps ne thrw f the superher's trademark shield (盾牌) culd have saved the day. But this was real life. When he sptted truble n this September afternn he wasn't wearing his cstume and culdn't fall back n any superpwers.
It was rush hur in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. White, 38, was driving hme frm the nn-prfit he and his mther run called AMiracle4Sure, which helped frmerly imprisned individuals readapt t sciety. T get sme fresh air frm the lng drive,he kept his windw dwn n this autumn day. Suddenly, he nticed a gray fur dr pickup n the ppsite side f the street. The truck was ging 10 t 15 mph. It was hard t miss, since it was circling and tilting (倾斜) int the rad befre curse-crrecting, nly t tilt int the rad again.
"What an annying driver!"White murmured. But as the truck drew clser, White tk a glance at it. This time he gt a gd lk at the prblem:The driver appeared t be asleep! Wrse still, they were cming up t a busy street. Pretty sn, this guy's ging t crash int a huse and kill himself r smebdy else, White thught.
While many peple wuld have kept n driving, that's nt hw White did—his girlfriend refers t him as Captain Harrisburg because f his permanent willingness t help peple ut. He had t stp that vehicle befre anything terrible happened.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
White made a U-turn and was nw facing in the same directin as the truck.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
An ambulance sn arrived and tk the driver t a hspital.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．A 2．C 3．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了密歇根北部四个地区庆祝夏天的活动。
1．细节理解题。根据Frt Mackinac下面的“This year brings back a ppular prgram that lets visitrs learn t drill like an 1880s sldier, as well as a new reading rm ffering the chance t learn histry thrugh newspapers f the day.(今年带回了一个受欢迎的项目，让游客像19世纪80年代的士兵一样学习训练，还有一个新的阅览室，提供了通过那个时代的报纸学习历史的机会)”可知，如果你想体验军事训练可以去Frt Mackinac。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据Benzie Cunty下面的“Nthing says seasn pener f summer like Hnr’s chance t catch the family-friendly duble feature at The Cherry Bwl Drive-in. Pre-mvie, make time fr nsite mini glf and taking in the cartns that feature dancing ht dgs.(没有什么比Hnr有机会在Cherry Bwl电影院观看家庭友好双人秀更能说明夏季的赛季揭幕战了。看电影前，腾出时间在现场打迷你高尔夫，观看以跳舞热狗为特色的动画片)”可知，在Benzie Cunty可以和家人一起看电影。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据Frt Mackinac下面的“Yu may even share a ferry ver t the island...(你甚至可以和一两匹马一起乘渡船去岛上)”和Ludingtn下面的“Even first-time sailrs n this fur-hur Lake Michigan ferry will find it hard t resist the quiz (with prizes!)...(即使是第一次乘坐这艘长达四小时的密歇根湖渡轮的水手，也会发现很难抗拒参加（有奖）测验或观看船上电影)”可知，两项活动中都可以乘坐游轮。故选A。
4．D 5．B 6．C 7．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者曾经因为过于在乎别人对自己的看法而对他人的任何要求都接受，最终作者的身体因为繁忙的生活而不堪重负，同时自己失去了工作，这让作者开始反思自己的生活方式，并决心做出改变，学会量力而行。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Saying yes t things I wanted t d, but a lt f the time saying yes t things I disliked. This was a peple-pleasing technique that wuld affect peple’s pinin f me: the wman wh culd d it all, s that I can btain a nice fame in their mind.(答应我想做的事情，但很多时候答应我不喜欢的事情。这是一种取悦人的技巧，会影响人们对我的看法：一个能做到这一切的女人，这样我就能在他们心目中获得很好的名声。)”可知，作者答应自己不喜欢做的事情是为了让别人认为自己无所不能，在他人心中树立起好的名声。故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段中“I had severely swllen jints and brain fg but I pushed thrugh s that I culd lk in the mirrr at the end f the day and feel ‘accmplished’.(我有严重的关节肿胀和脑雾，但我坚持了下来，这样我就可以在一天结束时照镜子，感觉‘很有成就感’。)”可知，作者在身体出现问题后依然硬撑，只为了让自己在一天结束的时候有所谓的“成就感”，由此可推知，她对身体的变化没有太在意。故选B.
6．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“It tk all that t help me see hw intensely burnt ut I was. I spent a lt f time thinking abut where I had t be next instead f being present in the mment.(这一切让我明白了自己是多么地积劳成疾。我花了很多时间思考我下一步该去哪里，而不是在当下。)”可知，作者在健康出问题和失业后对自己的生活方式进行了反思，由此可推测出，她是一个具有反思意识的人。故选C。
7．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“I take a breath, d a quick cunt f my energy and ability befre jumping in.(我深吸一口气，在跳进去之前快速数一下自己的精力和能力。)”可知，作者现在在答应别人之前会先衡量一下自己的精力和能力，即先评估一下自身的情况再做决定。故选B。
8．C 9．D 10．B 11．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科研人员在某次研究中意外发现大黄蜂跟许多哺乳动物和鸟类一样，喜欢玩耍。
8．细节理解题。根据第一段“Lts f yung mammals and birds engage in behaviur that prvides n bvius adaptive utcme such as access t fd, shelter r a mate, is vluntary and rewarding in itself and appears t be cnducted pleasantly when the animal is relaxed.(许多小哺乳动物和鸟类的行为没有提供明显的适应性结果，比如获得食物、住所或配偶，这是自愿的，本身就是有益的，当动物放松时，这种行为似乎是愉快的)”可知，有些动物会有第1段提到的行为是为了娱乐自己。故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段“The idea f asking whether bumblebees like t play came t Chittka during a previus study in which he trained them t rll wden balls arund in rder t gain access t fd. He nticed that, during this experiment, they wuld ften rll the balls fr n apparent reasn. They just seemed t enjy it.(Chittka在之前的一项研究中，训练大黄蜂滚动木球以获得食物，他萌生了询问大黄蜂是否喜欢玩耍的想法。他注意到，在这个实验中，他们经常无缘无故地滚球。他们似乎很享受)”可知，Chittka原本是为了训练大黄蜂滚动木球，结果意外发现大黄蜂会自发滚木球，而且很享受这一过程，从而催生了新研究，故是意料之外的发现导致了发表在《动物行为》杂志上的这项研究。故选D。
10．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“A perfect PhD prject fr an ambitius student.(对于一个有抱负的学生来说，这是一个完美的博士项目)”以及后文“She created an field, put pllen (花粉) and sugar slutin in it t arrest the bees, and cnnected it via a plastic tube t a bumblebee nest in Dr Chittka’s labratry.(她开辟了一块田地，在里面放上花粉和糖溶液来阻止蜜蜂，并通过一根塑料管连接到Chittka博士实验室的大黄蜂巢穴)”可知，这个项目很适合有抱负的学生，所以Galpayage Dna加入了Chittka的研究，后文“通过一根塑料管连接到Chittka博士实验室的大黄蜂巢穴”也说明她加入了研究。故划线词意思是“加入Chittka的研究”。故选B。
11．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Lts f yung mammals and birds engage in behaviur that prvides n bvius adaptive utcme such as access t fd, shelter r a mate, is vluntary and rewarding in itself and appears t be cnducted pleasantly when the animal is relaxed.(许多小哺乳动物和鸟类的行为没有提供明显的适应性结果，比如获得食物、住所或配偶，这是自愿的，本身就是有益的，当动物放松时，这种行为似乎是愉快的)”以及第二段“What abut bumblebees (大黄蜂)? Apparently they play t, accrding t wrk just published in Animal Behaviur by Galpayage Dna and Lars Chittka.(那大黄蜂呢？根据Galpayage Dna和Lars Chittka刚刚发表在《动物行为》杂志上的研究，显然它们也会玩耍)”结合文章介绍了科研人员在某次研究中意外发现大黄蜂跟许多哺乳动物和鸟类一样，喜欢玩耍。可知，D选项“玩闹仅限于哺乳动物和鸟类吗？”最符合文章标题。故选D。
12．D 13．C 14．B 15．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国高考 A-levels的利弊以及英国教育目前的困境。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段中““We’re nt just preparing students fr university,” says Julian Metcalf, the headmaster, “but fr anther 60 years f life beynd that.”(校长朱利安·梅特卡夫说：“我们不只是让学生为上大学做准备，而是为以后60年的生活做准备。”)”可知，学校的办学宗旨不仅限于让学生考上大学，更重要的是他们未来60年的人生，即学生的长期发展，故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Britain’s prime minister is the latest persn wh warned that England was unusual in letting yungsters drp maths and their native language at 16.(英国首相是最新一位提出警告的人，他说英国让16岁的孩子放弃数学和母语是不寻常的)”可知，参加A-levels的考生可以选择不学数学和英语，故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Yet A-levels may nt be handing English teenagers the breadth (广度) f skills they need.(然而，A-level可能并没有教给英国青少年他们所需要的广泛技能)”可知，A-levels考试在学生技能广度的培养上做得并不好，故选B。
15．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Withut any apparent justificatin, England’s schls get less funding fr pupils aged 16-19 than they d fr yunger children.(在没有任何明显理由的情况下，英格兰学校对16-19岁学生的资助少于对更小的学生的资助)”可知，英国教育系统的主要问题是投资不平衡，故选D。
16．E 17．G 18．A 19．F 20．C
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了几种应对焦虑的方法。
【详解】1.前文“As bad as it feels, anxiety is essential. It’s awful, but imagine nt having it? (尽管感觉很糟糕，但焦虑是必不可少的。这很可怕，但想象一下没有它会怎样)”表明焦虑对于我们很重要，后文“But when anxiety hits, it’s hard t remember its imprtance. (但当焦虑袭来时，我们很难记住它的重要性)”进行转折，表示焦虑会让我们忽视其重要性；E选项“Anxiety is hw ur bdy can signal t us when we’re in danger (焦虑是我们的身体在我们处于危险中时发出的信号)”为前文的总结，表示焦虑的重要性。故选E。
2.根据空前“If yu’re feeling anxius, ask yurself, “What are sme things that help me feel safer?” (如果你感到焦虑，问问自己，“有什么能让我感觉更安全？”)”及空后“A lt f peple will find that being surrunded by familiar peple r things is cmfrting. (很多人会发现，被熟悉的人或事物包围是一种安慰)”可知，作者建议人们想一些让自己有安全感的熟悉的人或事情；G选项“It culd be a persn yu feel cmfrtable arund r a TV shw yu lve rewatching (可以是一个让你感觉舒服的人，也可以是一个你喜欢重看的电视节目)”为具体人或事情的举例，符合语境。故选G。
3.空处为小标题，根据下文“Try naming five things yu can hear, taste, tuch, smell r feel. Yu can als try washing yur face with cld water. Smelling smething strng can help t. (试着说出五种你能听到、尝到、摸到、闻到或感觉到的东西。你也可以试着用冷水洗脸。闻到一些强烈的气味也会有所帮助)”表明作者建议利用自己的感官进行放松；A选项“Use yur senses t relieve yurself (用你的感官来放松自己)”符合主旨。故选A。
4.空前“These strategies help activate the parasympathetic nervus system,which can allw the bdy t relax. (这些策略有助于激活副交感神经系统，从而使身体放松)”可知，本段建议利用各种激发自己感官的小技巧让自己放松，缓解焦虑，这样大脑才不会被焦虑困扰，恢复理智；F选项“That way, the part f yur brain respnsible fr lgic can cme back nline (这样，你大脑中负责逻辑的部分就能恢复正常)”为前文策略的好处，符合语境。故选F。
5.根据小标题“Acknwledge yur physical sensatins (承认你的身体感觉)”以及空前“Fr example, let’s say yu feel anxiety in yur stmach. (例如，假设你的胃感到焦虑)”可知，作者建议自己承认生理感受，胃部焦虑时可能得生理感受包括发热或者发紧；C选项“Ntice yu feel like it’s n fire and it’s tight (注意你感觉它很烧，而且很紧)”符合语境。故选C。
21．A 22．A 23．B 24．B 25．D 26．C 27．C 28．B 29．A 30．D 31．C 32．B 33．A 34．D 35．B
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在日本遇到一次地震的经历，并十分佩服日本人的冷静和及时的反应。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在火车站售票处排着队，预订去名古屋的旅行，为一本名为《今日时尚》的杂志拍摄一些照片。A. sht拍摄；B. recmmend推荐；C. pst邮寄；D. appreciate欣赏。根据“sme phts fr a magazine”可知，作者要为杂志拍摄照片。故选A项。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它是如此的温和，我忽略了它，就像我周围的人一样。A. ignred忽视；B. nticed注意到；C. missed错过；D. felt感觉。根据“It was s mild”可知，脚下的运动很轻微，作者忽视了第一次地震。故选A项。
23．考查形容词、名词词义辨析。句意：几秒钟后，发生了一次剧烈的震动。A. mild温和的；B. vilent剧烈的；C. frecast预报；D. anticipated受期盼的。根据“Things started falling ver t the grund, and signs hanging frm the ceiling began swinging vilently.”可知，不久后，就发生了剧烈的震动。故选B项。
24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我旁边的一位老人平静地对我笑了笑，只说了一个词：“地震。”A. nervusly紧张地；B. calmly平静地；C. bradly广泛地；D. delightfully欣然地、快乐地。根据“smiled at me”可知，尽管遇到地震，但是身边的日本老人却十分平静并微笑着告诉作者地震了。故选B项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我向大约60英尺外的门冲去。A. reached到达；B. made使成为；C. lked看；D. rushed冲。根据“I ___5___ fr the dr, abut 60 feet away.”及下文“My heart was still punding s wildly”可知，作者遇到地震很慌张，赶紧冲了出去。故选D项。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：地面摇晃得如此剧烈，以至于很难跑出一条直线。A. cmpulsry义务的；B. effrtless不需费力的；C. challenging有挑战的；D. entertaining令人愉快的。根据“The grund was shaking s vilently”可知，地面剧烈摇晃，作者跑出直线是有挑战性的。故选C项。
27．考查连词词义辨析。句意：不过，我的心还在狂跳。A. unless除非；B. if如果；C. thugh不过；D. nce一旦。根据“My heart was still punding s wildly”可知，作者跑了出去，但是心脏在狂跳，此处表示补充说明，放于句末，语气变弱。故选C项。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我渴望离这些建筑越远越好，但在东京，找到任何真正的开放空间实际上是不可能的。A. undubted无疑的；B. impssible不可能的；C. easy容易的；D. available可用的。根据“I lnged t get as far away frm these buildings as pssible, but in Tky, finding any truly pen space is actually___8___.”可知，在东京，建筑物很密集，找到空旷的场地是不可能的。故选B项。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，我和大多数人一样，在公园里站了整整两个小时。A. park公园；B. building建筑物；C. subway地铁；D. train火车。根据下文“the spacius park”可知，作者来到了一个公园。故选A项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这段时间里，这个宽敞的公园的地面继续摇晃得不那么剧烈了。A. change改变；B. crack裂开；C. fall掉落；D. shake摇晃。根据上文“The grund was shaking s vilently”可知，此处公园的地面持续摇晃，但是不那么剧烈了。故选D项。
31．考查动词短语辨析。句意：那天下午晚些时候，我才知道这次地震的震级是8.9级，是有记录以来最强的地震。A. put frward提出；B. put dwn放下；C. figure ut搞清楚；D. make ut辨别出。根据“hat the quake was a magnitude 8.9”可知，作者后来才搞清楚，那天的地震8.9级。故选C项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有几个女人在哭泣，人们指着摇晃的建筑物，但其他人看起来很平静，很放松。A. laughing大笑；B. crying哭；C. escaping逃脱；D. surviving幸存。根据下文“many thers appeared calm and relaxed”可知，对比冷静的人，有几个女人在哭泣。故选B项。
33．考查连词、副词词义辨析。句意：有几个女人在哭泣，人们指着摇晃的建筑物，但其他人看起来很平静，很放松。A. yet然而；B. and并且；C. hence因此；D. s所以。根据“There were a few wmen___12___with peple pinting up at the buildings as they shk”及“many thers appeared calm and relaxed”可知，空处前后为转折关系。故选A项。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我目睹了世界上许多重大事件，但我真的很钦佩日本人的冷静和及时的反应。A. cvered覆盖；B. adred喜爱；C. thanked感激；D. admired钦佩。根据“fr their calmness”可知，作者在这次经历中十分钦佩日本人的冷静。故选D项。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我目睹了世界上许多重大事件，但我真的很钦佩日本人的冷静和及时的反应。A. disaster灾难；B. reactin反应；C. rescue救援；D. assistance援助。根据上文“many thers appeared calm and relaxed”可知，对于地震，日本人能作出及时的反应。故选B项。
36．an 37．will receive 38．being 39．it 40．cmpared 41．abut 42．What 43．strnger 44．accurate 45．fcuses
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。近日，中国首批五名驾驶J-11B战斗机的女飞行员成功完成了第一次训练。5名女飞行员的平均年龄为23岁。在首次飞行后，他们将接受编队飞行、低空和空战训练，然后在明年最终参加前线作战部队。
36．考查冠词。句意：5名女飞行员的平均年龄为23岁。表示“平均”短语为at an average age f。故填an。
37．考查时态。句意：在首次飞行后，他们将接受编队飞行、低空和空战训练，然后在明年最终参加前线作战部队。根据后文next year可知为一般将来时。故填will receive。
38．考查非谓语动词。句意：5名飞行员在J-11B战斗机上完成了高过载、高强度的飞行训练，训练强度与男飞行员相同。此处为with+宾语+宾补结构，与intensity f the training构成主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填being。
39．考查代词。句意：我们很荣幸能成为第一批驾驶J-11B战斗机的女飞行员，但这对我们来说也是一次考验。此处指驾驶J-11B战斗机是一次考验，应用代词it。故填it。
40．考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然我们的体力比男人弱，但驾驶这些喷气式飞机并不取决于你有多强壮。短语be cmpared with，此处省略be动词，用过去分词作状语，故填cmpared。
41．考查介词。句意：虽然我们的体力比男人弱，但驾驶这些喷气式飞机并不取决于你有多强壮。后文宾语从句，结合语境表示“关于”应用介词abut。故填abut。
42．考查主语从句。句意：最重要的是飞机的决策和控制。引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指事情应用what，首字母要大写。故填What。
43．考查比较级。句意：“有了更强的忍耐力，女性就能更好地适应长时间的战斗，”五名女飞行员之一严忠悦说。结合句意和下文的better可知，此处表示“更强的”应用比较级strnger。故填strnger。
44．考查形容词。句意：由于女兵细心敏感的特点，在操作武器和先进装备方面具有明显的优势，这也适合未来战争中武器平台的精确操作。修饰名词peratin应用形容词accurate，作定语。故填accurate。
45．考查名词的数。句意：由于女兵细心敏感的特点，在操作武器和先进装备方面具有明显的优势，这也适合未来战争中武器平台的精确操作。fcus为可数名词，此处为ne f+可数名词复数。故填fcuses。
46．Dear Eric,
Hw is everything ging? I'm delighted t receive yur letter in which yu asked me abut hw t prepare fr the Chinese area at the cultural festival at yur institute. My suggestins are as fllws:
First f all , it will be a gd chice t put sme wrks f calligraphy and traditinal Chinese paintings n display. In additin, displaying sme classics f Cnfucius such as Lunyu will als be attractive t yur schlmates. What's mre, yu'd better decrate the exhibitin area with the clr f red, which is cnsidered as frtune in China. I'm cnvinced that yur design will be a feast fr the eyes.
Hpefully my advice is f great help t yu. Lking frward t yur festival!
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假如你是李华，上周你收到好友Eric的来信，信中提到他所在的孔子学院正在策划校园文化节，他将负责中国展区的布置，想请你提供一些建议。请你回复一封邮件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→pleased
幸运：frtune→luck
有帮助的：be f great help→helpful
此外：in additin→besides
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：In additin, displaying sme classics f Cnfucius such as Lunyu will als be attractive t yur schlmates.
拓展句：In additin, it will als be attractive fr yur schlmates t display sme classics f Cnfucius such as Lunyu.
【点睛】[高分句型1] What's mre, yu'd better decrate the exhibitin area with the clr f red, which is cnsidered as frtune in China. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] I'm cnvinced that yur design will be a feast fr the eyes. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
47．范文
White made a U-turn and was nw facing in the same directin as the truck. It was getting clser and clser,s he began t speed up.White shuted ludly and pressed his hrn (按喇叭) t wake up the driver but in vain.At the critical mment, an idea hit him. Withut hesitatin, White pulled ver and ran arund t the driver's side. He jumped in, tk hld f the steering wheel and caused it t stp right befre it rushed int the busy street. Seeing the pale face f the driver, he called the plice.
An ambulance sn arrived and tk the driver t a hspital. White assisted the medical team and accmpanied them t the hspital. After careful examinatin,it was cmfrting t find there was nthing serius with the driver. When the driver wke up, he thanked White frm the bttm f his heart. When asked his name, “Captain America” said he, wearing a big smile n his face. This time, he realized he still culd be a superher withut the cstume.Relived and satisfied,he returned t his car t carry n his jurney.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了蒂莫西·怀特小时候一直把美国队长当做心目中的英雄，因此一致喜欢帮助他人。某次在路上他遇到了一辆卡车，里面的司机睡着了，怀特意识到他必须在可怕的事情发生之前把车停下。于是他停车跑到驾驶座，抓住方向盘，控制住了卡车，避免了事故的发生。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“怀特转了个180度弯，现在正面对着卡车的同一个方向。”可知，第一段可描写怀特拦截住卡车的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“一辆救护车很快赶到，把司机送到了医院。”可知，第二段可描写司机的身体情况以及司机感谢怀特的经过。
2.续写线索：怀特转弯——提醒司机——下车拦截——停下卡车——司机送医院——司机感谢怀特——怀特满足。
3.词汇激活
行为类
握住：take hld f/ grip
叫喊：shut /yell
帮助：assist/help
情绪类
感谢：thank/shw gratitude t
满足：satisfied /cntent
【点睛】[高分句型1] When the driver wke up, he thanked White frm the bttm f his heart. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] This time, he realized he still culd be a superher withut the cstume. (运用了省略that引导的宾语从句)