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山东省青岛第五十八中学2023-2024学年高二下学期六月月考英语试题
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这是一份山东省青岛第五十八中学2023-2024学年高二下学期六月月考英语试题，共16页。试卷主要包含了06，5分，满分 37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2024.06
第二部分 阅读 （共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分 37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给 A、B、C、D的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Aptitude Tests Recmmendatins
Aptitude tests are helpful t jb seekers f all ages. While career quizzes explre yur values and wrk style, aptitude tests prvide a mre bjective evaluatin f yur skills, helping yu select a career yu’re mst likely t succeed in. Belw are sme f the best aptitude tests ut there.
Cliftn Strengths
The Cliftn Strengths prgram was created based n research arund leadership. The research in questin pinted t cmmn strengths amng successful leaders, like strategic thinking, adaptability and cmmunicatin. T cmplete the test, yu must answer arund 150 questins, each within 20 secnds. Allen Cheung, a tech blgger, ntes that CliftnStrengths is mre valuable than yur average career test because it includes “tricky questins which aren’t as easily gamed”.
Red Bull Wingfinder
Develped and tested ut by psychlgy experts, the Red Bull Wingfinder assesses yur thinking under pressure. Questins include image srting, lgic puzzles and leadership-related questins. Once yu cmplete the test, yu’ll receive a nine-page reprt and career caching tailred t yur results.
SEI Develpment Reprt
The SEI Develpment Reprt is an extensive EQ aptitude test that has timed right-and-wrng answers that assess eight fundamentals, including emtinal literacy, emtinal management and empathy. At the end, yu’ll receive a 20-page reprt with recmmended curses n wrkplace EQ develpment.
CareerOneStp
While it nly takes a few minutes t cmplete, the CareerOneStp Skills Assessment will help yu rank bth yur technical and sft skills. The career suggestins at the end can be srted by relevance, annual wages, and jb utlk, cupled with with prfessinal caching r cnsultatin imprve yur skills.
1. What d aptitude tests mainly assess fr jb seekers?
A. Their wrk ethics.B. Their career interest.
C. Their preferred wrk style.D. Their prfessinal cmpetence.
2. What is a unique feature f Cliftn Strengths?
A. It evaluates leadership skills.B. It is develped by experts.
C. It includes challenging questins.D. It ffers a cmprehensive reprt.
3. Which test suits a jb seeker wh prefers categrized suggestins and career caching?
A. Clift n StrengthsB. Red Bull Wingfinder
C. SEI Develpment ReprtD. CareerOneStp
B
“Hey, lady! Yu can mve yur ugly car up nw!” The silver-haired driver behind me in a fancy truck rudely yelled at me. Withut much thught, I yelled back at the man, “What? Are yu in a rush r smething?”
I was waiting in line at the drive-thrugh t rder ur breakfast n a Sunday mrning. There were nly 12 inches r s between me and the car in frnt f me. There were als three additinal cars in frnt f that ne. We were getting nwhere fast. What was he hping t gain by yelling at me?
I wanted t let my wn anger g after this ridiculus exchange. But the mre I thught abut it, the angrier I gt. I was angry that he yelled at a mther in frnt f tw kids. My daughter and my sn were bth cnfused and saddened by what they had just witnessed. We were n ur way t a sccer turnament, and we had a bnus day free frm schl and wrk. Prbably, there was nthing in the wrld t be upset abut. Then this man let his anger ut.
I tld my kids I was s mad that I had t rll my windw up s that I wuldn’t keep yelling at this guy. Then, I stpped and lked back. I had mved up the 12 r s inches at his “suggestin”, while he hadn’t mved an inch. Suddenly, I felt sympathy fr him. He must have been suffering in sme way. As my kids and I slwly made ur way t the pick-up windw t pay fr ur rder, I had an idea.
“I heard hw rude that man was t yu, and I wanted t aplgize t yu fr having t put up with that. He isn’t wrth paying fr,” the cashier said t me. “My kids supprt me in ding that,” I answered the cashier, adding that hate cannt drive ut hate.
4. Why was the driver angry with the authr?
A. Her car cut in.B. She screamed at him.C. She held up his truck.D. Her car stpped suddenly.
5. What des the authr mainly tell us in paragraph 3?
A. What her kids’ reactin was.B. Why her anger kept grwing.
C. Hw she calmed herself dwn.D. Why she rdered the breakfast.
6. What was the authr’s final decisin?
A. She taught her kids a lessn.B. She aplgized t the driver.
C. She paid fr the driver’s fd.D. She gave the cashier sme advice.
7. What des the authr intend t cnvey in the text?
A. Respnd t hate with kindness.B. Deal with a man as he deals with yu.
C. Put distance between yur car and anther.D. Never g t the drive-thrugh at rush hurs.
C
Scientists have made a “breakthrugh” in handling nuclear fusin (聚变). The US Department f Energy fficially annunced the milestne in fusin energy research.
Fr the first time, researchers created a nuclear fusin reactin that prduced mre energy than they put int the prcess. The experiment, cnducted at Lawrence Livermre Natinal Labratry in Califrnia, generated 3.15 megajules f energy, mre than the 2.05 megajules put int creating it.
Nuclear fusin wrks by frcing tgether tw atms-mst ften hydrgen-t make a heavier ne-like helium (氦). This explsive prcess releases massive amunts f energy, the Department f Energy explains. Fusin is the ppsite f fissin (裂变), the reactin that pwers nuclear reactrs used cmmercially tday.
Fusin ccurs naturally in the heart f the Sun and the stars, prviding these csmic (宇宙的) bjects with fuel. Since the 1950s, scientists have been trying t reprduce it n Earth in rder t make use f the s-called clean, cheap, and almst limitless electricity. Accrding t the Internatinal Atmic Energy Agency, fusin generates fur times mre energy per kilgram than the fissin used t pwer nuclear plants, and nearly 4 millin times mre energy than burning il r cal. What’s mre, unlike fssil fuels, fusin desn’t release carbn dixide the greenhuse gas that’s the main driver f climate change-int the atmsphere. And unlike nuclear fissin, fusin desn’t create lng-lived radiactive waste, accrding t the Department f Energy. But s far, nuclear fusin hasn’t slved ur energy prblems n a grand scale.
The recent annuncement is a huge step frward in nuclear fusin energy, but applying the technlgy at cmmercial scale is likely still years away. Chanda Prescd Weinstein, a theretical physicist, pinted ut that the prcess the Department f Energy uses requires tritium (氚), a rare and radiactive istpe (同位素)f hydrgen. “It may yet cnvey imprtant infrmatin that is ultimately transfrmative. We dn’t knw yet,” Prescd Weinstein tweeted. Investrs, including Amazn funder Jeff Bezs, have pured billins int clean energy field trying t make fusin cmmercially wrkable, and the recent annuncement is likely t cntinue that trend.
8. What is the breakthrugh in nuclear fusin reactin?
A. It releases massive amunts f energy.
B. It prduces 3. 15 megajules f energy.
C. It wrks by frcing tgether tw atms.
D. It generates mre energy than that put int it.
9. Why have scientists been cnducting nuclear fusin experiments?
A. T avid the cmmercial use f fissin.
B. T recycle the byprduct f radiactive waste.
C. T reduce emissin (排放) f greenhuse gas.
D. T aim fr the high efficiency in prducing energy.
10. What des paragraph 5 fcus n?
A. The attitude f investrs.
B. The prspect f fusin energy.
C. The significance f the annuncement.
D. The difficulty in prducing fusin energy.
11. What is the authr’s attitude twards fusin energy?
A. Critical.
B. Negative.
C. Optimistic.
D. Dubtful.
D
When cnsuming infrmatin, we try t acquire mre signals and less nise. We feel like the mre infrmatin we cnsume the mre signals we receive. While this is prbably true n an abslute basis, Nassim Taleb argues in the bk Antifragile that it is nt true n a relative basis. As yu cnsume mre data and the rati (比率) f nise t signals increases, yu knw less abut what’s ging n and yu are likely t cause mre unintentinal truble.
The supply f infrmatin t which we are expsed under mdernity is transfrming humans frm a calm persn t a neurtic (神经质的) ne. Fr the purpse f ur discussin, the first persn nly reacts t real infrmatin, and the secnd largely t nise. The difference between the tw will shw us the difference between nise and signals. Nise is what yu are suppsed t ignre; signals are what yu need t heed.
In science, nise is a generalizatin beynd the actual sund t describe randm infrmatin that is ttally useless fr any purpse, and that yu need t clean up t make sense f what yu are listening t. Yu can use and take advantage f nise and randmness, but nise and randmness can als use and take advantage f yu, particularly with the data yu get n the Internet r thrugh ther media. The mre frequently yu lk at data, the mre nise yu are likely t get, and the higher the nise-t-signal rati is.
Say yu lk at infrmatin n a yearly basis—the changes yu see will all be large nes. The rati f signals t nise is abut ne t ne—this means that abut half the changes are real imprvements r degradatins, and the ther half cme frm randmness. But if yu lk at the very same data n a daily basis, the cmpsitin wuld change t 95 percent nise and 5 percent signals, and the changes yu see daily will certainly be small.
12. What pinin des Nassim Taleb prbably hld?
A. It’s hard t knw the real truth.B. The nise-t-signal rati is changing.
C. The infrmatin explsin can be harmful.D. Mre infrmatin brings mre signals.
13. What des the underlined wrd “heed” prbably mean in paragraph 2?
A. Ntice.B. Analyse.C. Slve.D. Describe.
14. What des paragraph 3 mainly talk abut?
A. Causes and harms f mre nise.B. The meaning and impact f nise.
C. The relatinship between nise and signals.D. Advantages and disadvantages f nise.
15. Hw shuld we handle infrmatin accrding t the authr?
A. Check it frequently.B. Make use f nline data.
C. Lk at key changes.D. Fcus n all changes in it.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下列短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have yu ever taken a persnality test and fund the results t be scarily accurate, checked yur hrscpe (星象学) and had everything cme true r taken an nline quiz that tld yu precisely what yur favrite Disney princess means abut yu? Well, we certainly have dne s t many times. 16
We discvered that we’ve all been falling victim t the Barnum effect. 17 , despite the fact that the descriptin is actually filled with infrmatin that applies t everyne. It was named after P.T. Barnum, a famus 19th century shwman, wh wuld famusly say, “There’s a fl brn every minute.”
18 as pseudscience (伪科学) — such as astrlgy and persnality test — remains ppular t this day. The Barnum effect explains why extremely general statements, such as the results f yur persnality test, seem s specific t yu.
The key t success f astrlgy and persnality test keep the statements as vague as pssible, with a mix f mstly psitive and sme negative cntent. 19 See “At times yu are extrverted and sciable, while at ther times yu are intrverted and reserved”— wh wuld nt agree with that statement?
20 Take everything yu hear with several grains f salt.
A. Indeed, Barnum prved t be right.
B. Yu believe in such mysterius tests firmly.
C. Nt every statement are wrth cnsidering.
D. S, keep in mind that we are nt immune t the Barnum effect.
E. Fr example, using the phrase “at times” makes fr a pwerful Barnum Effect.
F. Therefre, We decided t d a little investigatin int hw Internet quizzes, magazines and hrscpe bks seem t knw us s well.
G. The Barnum Effect is the phenmenn that ccurs when individuals believe that persnality descriptins apply specifically t them.
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15 小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Recent snwstrms in Suthern Califrnia left several peple dead and thers trapped in their hmes in the San Bernardin Muntains.
During the severe weather, members f the cmmunity 21 t help a 79-year-ld man get t his wife, wh was experiencing a medical 22 miles away. The man, Rbert Rice, was cnfident he culd 23 the strms with the supplies he had stcked.
But things tk an unexpected turn when he learned that his wife, Ann Rice, was struggling t 24 . She had a(n) 25 f chrnic (慢性的) lung disease and had been n a ventilatr fr 3 years. The nursing facility where she lived was 27 miles frm Rbert, and dctrs believed she culd die as carbn dixide 26 in her lungs.
Rbert was 27 that he wuld be unable t be by her side because f the strm, which had cvered mst f the area with snw and left many families 28 . His daughter 29 the fact that he wasn’t ging t be there, and was trying t prepare him fr that, but he was in 30 . He kept thinking he’d figure ut a way t get himself dwn there.
Dctrs were able t 31 her mre time, but her wrsening cnditin urged him t d all he culd t get t her. He tried t clear sme f the driveway himself, but culd nt 32 the falling snw.
That’s when he psted a plea (请求) n Facebk. Sn，a lt f neighbrs 33 helped t shvel his driveway. With their jint effrt, Rbert eventually 34 Ann and spent time with her in the hspital.
“I’m s grateful fr their 35 ,” he tld the Times. “I believe there were ther peple wh prbably needed the help mre than me.”
21. A. unitedB. expectedC. failedD. prmised
22. A. treatmentB. researchC. emergencyD. training
23. A. predictB. surviveC. avidD. measure
24. A. mveB. cncentrateC. breatheD. cmmunicate
25. A. cnditinB. memryC. experienceD. histry
26. A. accumulatedB. frmedC. circulatedD. melted
27. A. angryB. afraidC. shckedD. guilty
28. A. speechlessB. aimlessC. pwerlessD. jbless
29. A. prvedB. dubtedC. ignredD. accepted
30. A. denialB. favurC. needD. truble
31. A. lendB. buyC. weD. assign
32. A. make use fB. keep track fC. put up withD. keep up with
33. A. casuallyB. hesitantlyC. vluntarilyD. accidentally
34. A. fllwedB. reachedC. cntactedD. prtected
35. A. kindnessB. acceptanceC. encuragementD. tlerance
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Written in bne
Yu may never write wrds n an racle bne(甲骨) 36 a trtise(龟) shell, but yu might see them in a museum. The earliest cnfirmed evidence shws that mre than 3,000 years ag, peple in 37 Shang Dynasty started t write characters n pieces f bnes and turtle shells. They are 38 we call “the racle bne scripts”.
The scripts are pictgrams(象形文字), with 39 (recrd) f divinatins(占卜) and prayers t the gds frm peple in that era. They cme frm pictures f the bjects they refer t and simplify ver time, retaining(保留)the shapes but are easier 40 (write). “The racle bne scripts, as an earliest 41 (knw) and mature frm f Chinese characters, present the beauty and uniqueness f a language that has been passed dwn 42 (cnsistent),” said Chen Nan, a prfessr f Tsinghua University’s Academy f Art and Design.
The sciety that prduced the racle bne scripts shared many f the characteristics that 43 (recgnize) tday as typically Chinese. These valuable inscriptins frm China demnstrate that the memry recrded in the dcumentary heritage 44 (be) an irreplaceable way f transmitting traditin, culture and histrical awareness. The scripts are the 45 (evident) f ancient Chinese culture but als have an “imprtant influence” n mdern Chinese values.
第四部分 写作 （满分25分）
假定你是校报记者李华，请你给半年前来你校学习的英国交换生Edward写一封邮件，约他做一次采访。 内容包括：
1.采访的内容；
2.采访的时间和地点。
注意：
1.词数 80 左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Edward,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Oh n. Cach Cafferty just said my name. Fr that event. The tw-hundred-metre breaststrke (蛙泳) fr the cming meet! Nt the backstrke (仰泳) I had wished and practiced fr s lng!
Beads f sweat ppped ut ver my upper lip. Mrgan pressed her elbw int my side, trying t ffer me mral supprt. But it didn’t help. My stmach sank t my knees like a brick in water. Mrgan tried t cnvince me it wuld be fine. “Maybe Cach has mre cnfidence in yu than yu think. Or maybe Cach Cafferty just want t give the rest a laugh when I sink t the bttm f the pl,” I thught desperately. I walked twards Cach Cafferty and tld her abut my inability and my desire t quit this event. She frwned and asked if it was what I really wanted.
I hesitated. Placing her hand n my shulder, she started smiling and encuraged me t push myself utside f my cmfrt zne.
The first practice was a disaster. I lst rhythm n my strkes. I messed up my turns. I even had t stp and catch my breath a few times. I felt everyne was laughing at me and my stmach twisted. Hw culd I make it within just tw weeks? But nce I dragged myself ut f the water, exhausted and frustrated, Cach Cafferty thumbed up t me, saying I did really well and just needed mre cnfidence in myself and mre time t practice.
On the way back hme, Mrgan cmfrted me, “Dear, just ignre thers. Race against yurself. Cunt yur wn strkes. Prve t yurself that yu can d it.” With these wrds said t me almst every day, befre r after each practice, smething gradually changed: bth hw I swam the breaststrke and hw I felt abut the event as well as myself.
The meet finally came. I arrived at the pl hall, still a little bit wrried. As each event clicked clser t mine, my knees shk. I bit my lip and lked ut ver the ther swimmers. Mrgan leaned frward. “Just swim yur race. Remember, yu can!”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Then the tw-hundred-milestne breaststrke was annunced.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
There was nly 50 meters t g.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1. D 2. C 3. D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍和解释不同种类的能力倾向测试及其特点，为读者（尤其是求职者）提供关于如何通过这些测试来了解自身职业潜能的信息和建议。
1. 推理判断题。由文章第一段中“Aptitude tests are helpful t jb seekers f all ages. While career quizzes explre yur values and wrk style, aptitude tests prvide a mre bjective evaluatin f yur skills, helping yu select a career yu’re mst likely t succeed in. (能力倾向测试对所有年龄段的求职者都很有帮助。职业测验考察的是你的价值观和工作方式，而能力倾向测验则是对你的技能进行更客观的评估，帮助你选择最有可能成功的职业。)”可知，能力测试主要评估求职者的专业能力。故选D。
2. 推理判断题。由文章Cliftn Strengths部分中“Allen Cheung, a tech blgger, ntes that CliftnStrengths is mre valuable than yur average career test because it includes “tricky questins which aren’t as easily gamed”. (科技博客作者艾伦·张指出，CliftnStrengths比一般的职业测试更有价值，因为它包含了“不那么容易应付的棘手问题”。)”可知，克利夫顿优势的独特之处是其中包括具有挑战性的问题。故选C。
3. 推理判断题。由文章CareerOneStp部分中“The career suggestins at the end can be srted by relevance, annual wages, and jb utlk, cupled with with prfessinal caching r cnsultatin imprve yur skills. (最后的职业建议可以根据相关度、年薪和工作前景进行分类，再加上专业的指导或咨询，可以提高你的技能。)”可知，CareerOneStp适合喜欢分类建议和职业指导的求职者。故选D。
4. C 5. B 6. C 7. A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者遭到后方司机的无理指责，作者在愤怒之后，选择了以善良回应恶意。
4. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Hey, lady! Yu can mve yur ugly car up nw!(“嘿，女士！你现在可以把你的丑车往前挪挪了！”)”和第二段“We were getting nwhere fast.(我们根本走不快。)”可知，她阻碍了男司机的卡车。故选C。
5. 主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“I wanted t let my wn anger g after this ridiculus exchange. But the mre I thught abut it, the angrier I gt. I was angry that he yelled at a mther in frnt f tw kids. My daughter and my sn were bth cnfused and saddened by what they had just witnessed. We were n ur way t a sccer turnament, and we had a bnus day free frm schl and wrk. Prbably, there was nthing in the wrld t be upset abut. Then this man let his anger ut.( 在这次荒谬的交流之后，我想让自己的愤怒消失。但我越想越生气。我很生气他当着两个孩子的面对一位母亲大吼大叫。我的女儿和儿子都对他们刚刚目睹的事情感到困惑和悲伤。我们在去参加足球比赛的路上，我们有一天不用上学和工作。也许，世界上没有什么值得烦恼的。然后这个人发泄了他的愤怒。)”可知，该司机的喊叫让作者很愤怒，孩子们感到困惑又沮丧，给看球赛罩上了沮丧的阴影，这正是作者越想越生气的原因。由此可知，第三段主要讲述了为什么作者越来越生气。故选B。
6. 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“As my kids and I slwly made ur way t the pick-up windw t pay fr ur rder, I had an idea.(当我和孩子们慢慢走向取货窗口为我们的订单付款时，我有了一个主意。)”和文章最后一段““I heard hw rude that man was t yu, and I wanted t aplgize t yu fr having t put up with that. He isn’t wrth paying fr,” the cashier said t me. (“我听说那个人对你有多粗鲁，我想向你道歉，因为我不得不忍受他。他不值得为他付钱，”收银员对我说。)”可知，作者为那位司机支付了早餐费。故选C。
7. 推理判断题。通读文章可知，作者给无端责怪自己的司机支付了早餐费，可谓是用善行回应仇恨，结合最后一句“hate cannt drive ut hate(仇恨不能驱除仇恨)”可知，A项：Respnd t hate with kindness.(用善意回应仇恨。)是文章要传递的信息。故选A。
8. D 9. D 10. B 11. C
【导语】这是一篇说明文，介绍科学家们在核聚变反应上取得的突破，同时也科普了核聚变的原理，强调了它在能源制造上的价值以及其对未来的意义。
8. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Fr the first time, researchers created a nuclear fusin reactin that prduced mre energy than they put int the prcess. (研究人员第一次创造了一种核聚变反应，其产生的能量比他们投入的能量还要多)”可知，这一巨大突破是指首次产生了能量产出大于投入的核聚变反应，故选D。
9. 细节理解题。根据第四段的“Since the 1950s, scientists have been trying t reprduce it n Earth in rder t make use f the s-called clean, cheap, and almst limitless electricity. Accrding t the Internatinal Atmic Energy Agency, fusin generates fur times mre energy per kilgram than the fissin used t pwer nuclear plants, and nearly 4 millin times mre energy than burning il r cal.(自20世纪50年代以来，科学家们一直试图在地球上重现这种现象，以便利用所谓的清洁、廉价和几乎无限的电力。根据国际原子能机构的数据，聚变每千克产生的能量是用于核电站的裂变的四倍，比燃烧石油或煤炭产生的能量多出近400万倍)”可知，科学家们一直致力于在地球上实验核聚变，目的在于利用这种清洁、廉价、无限的能源，使其效能更高，故选D。
10. 主旨大意题。根据第五段的“The recent annuncement is a huge step frward in nuclear fusin energy, but applying the technlgy at cmmercial scale is likely still years away.(最近的宣布是核聚变能源领域向前迈出的一大步，但在商业规模上应用这项技术可能还需要几年的时间)”和““It may yet cnvey imprtant infrmatin that is ultimately transfrmative. We dn’t knw yet, ” Prescd Weinstein tweeted. Investrs, including Amazn funder Jeff Bezs, have pured billins int clean energy field trying t make fusin cmmercially wrkable, and the recent annuncement is likely t cntinue that trend.(“它还可能传达最终具有变革性的重要信息。我们还不知道，”Prescd Weinstein在推特上写道。包括亚马逊创始人杰夫·贝佐斯在内的投资者已经向清洁能源领域投入了数十亿美元，试图使聚变在商业上可行，而最近的宣布很可能会延续这一趋势)”可知，本段主要聚焦对核聚变技术的前景的看法，故选B。
11. 推理判断题。根据第一段“The US Department f Energy fficially annunced the milestne in fusin energy research.(美国能源部正式宣布了聚变能源研究的里程碑)”和第五段的“The recent annuncement is a huge step frward in nuclear fusin energy (最近的宣布是核聚变能源领域向前迈出的一大步)”以及“Investrs, including Amazn funder Jeff Bezs, have pured billins int clean energy field trying t make fusin cmmercially wrkable, and the recent annuncement is likely t cntinue that trend.(包括亚马逊创始人杰夫·贝佐斯在内的投资者已经向清洁能源领域投入了数十亿美元，试图使聚变在商业上可行，而最近的宣布很可能会延续这一趋势)”推知，作者对核聚变能量持乐观态度，故选C。
12. C 13. A 14. B 15. C
【导语】本文是议论文。现代化让我们得以接触到大量的信息，但过量的信息不一定是有益的。那么我们该如何应对信息爆炸？如何在海量的信息“噪声”中识别出“信号”呢？文章对此进行了讨论。
12. 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“We feel like the mre infrmatin we cnsume the mre signals we receive.(我们觉得我们消耗的信息越多，接收到的信号就越多。)”和“Nassim Taleb argues…yu knw less abut what’s ging n and yu are likely t cause mre unintentinal truble.(纳西姆·塔勒布在《反脆弱》一书中辩称，在相对基础上并非如此。随着您消耗的数据越来越多，噪声与信号的比率(比率)越来越高，您对正在发生的事情的了解就越来越少，并且可能会造成更多无意的麻烦。)”可知，纳西姆·塔勒布认为接触到过多的信息反而会使人们更不知道发生了什么，也可能引发更多无意识的麻烦。由此可知，纳西姆·塔勒布可能认为信息爆炸可能是有害的。故选C。
13. 词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“Fr the purpse f ur discussin, the first persn nly reacts t real infrmatin, and the secnd largely t nise. The difference between the tw will shw us the difference between nise and signals. Nise is what yu are suppsed t ignre.( 就我们讨论的目的而言，第一人只对真实信息作出反应，第二人主要对噪音作出反应。两者之间的区别将向我们展示噪声和信号之间的区别。噪音是你应该忽略的。)”可知，本段提到这两种人的不同反应会向我们展示信息“噪声”和“信号”的区别，信息“噪声”是我们应该忽视的，因此与之相对的“信号”应是需要我们留意或关注的信息。由此可推知，heed意为“关注，注意”。故选A。
14. 主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“In science, nise is a generalizatin beynd the actual sund t describe randm infrmatin that is ttally useless fr any purpse, and that yu need t clean up t make sense f what yu are listening t. Yu can use and take advantage f nise and randmness, but nise and randmness can als use and take advantage f yu, particularly with the data yu get n the Internet r thrugh ther media. The mre frequently yu lk at data, the mre nise yu are likely t get, and the higher the nise-t-signal rati is.(在科学中，噪音是一种超越实际声音的概括，它描述的是对任何目的都毫无用处的随机信息，你需要清理这些信息才能理解你所听到的内容。你可以使用和充分利用噪音和随机性，但噪音和随机性也可以使用和充分利用你，特别是你在互联网上或通过其他媒体获得的数据。查看数据的频率越高，可能得到的噪声就越多，噪信比也就越高。)”可知，本段主要讲述了噪声的定义和影响。故选B。
15. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Say yu lk at infrmatin n a yearly basis—the changes yu see will all be large nes. The rati f signals t nise is abut ne t ne—this means that abut half the changes are real imprvements r degradatins, and the ther half cme frm randmness. But if yu lk at the very same data n a daily basis, the cmpsitin wuld change t 95 percent nise and 5 percent signals, and the changes yu see daily will certainly be small.(假设你看的是每年的信息——你看到的变化都是很大的。信号与噪声的比例大约是1:1，这意味着大约一半的变化是真正的改进或退化，另一半来自随机性。但如果你每天都看同样的数据，组成就会变成95%的噪音和5%的信号，你每天看到的变化肯定很小。)”可推知，作者的建议是在应对大量信息（想从中获取真正的有价值的信息）时，应该关注数据的大变化（重要变化），忽略一些细微的变化（不重要的变化）。故选C。
16. F 17. G 18. A 19. E 20. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章就“很多人相信占卜和性格测试等”这一现象进行了分析，并列出了一些原因。
16. 根据前文“Have yu ever taken a persnality test and fund the results t be scarily accurate, checked yur hrscpe (星象学) and had everything cme true r taken an nline quiz that tld yu precisely what yur favrite Disney princess means abut yu? Well, we certainly have dne s t many times.”（你是否曾经做过性格测试，发现结果非常准确？你是否曾经检查过你的星座，一切都成真了？你是否曾经做过一个在线测验，告诉你你最喜欢的迪士尼公主对你意味着什么？好吧，我们已经这么做过太多次了。）可知，前文提出了我们可能对于“网络测验、杂志和占星书对我们很了解”感到疑惑，选项F. Therefre, We decided t d a little investigatin int hw Internet quizzes, magazines and hrscpe bks seem t knw us s well.（因此，我们决定做一个小调查，看看网络测验、杂志和占星书是如何如此了解我们的。）和前文构成因果关系，符合语境。故选F。
17. 上一句“We discvered that we’ve all been falling victim t the Barnum effect.”（我们发现我们都成了巴纳姆效应的受害者。）提出了巴纳姆效应，选项G. The Barnum Effect is the phenmenn that ccurs when individuals believe that persnality descriptins apply specifically t them.（巴纳姆效应是一种现象，当个体相信人格描述专门适用于他们时，就会发生这种现象。）承接上文，具体解释说明了巴纳姆效应，并与下一句“despite the fact that the descriptin is actually filled with infrmatin that applies t everyne.”（尽管事实上描述中包含了适用于所有人的信息。）形成转折关系，语意衔接合理。故选G。
18. 根据第二段“It was named after P.T. Barnum, a famus 19th century shwman, wh wuld famusly say, “There’s a fl brn every minute.””（它是以19世纪著名的表演家P.T.巴纳姆的名字命名的，他有句名言:“每分钟都有一个傻瓜出生。”）可知，巴纳姆认为相信占星术和人格测试之类的人是非常多的，选项A. Indeed, Barnum prved t be right.（事实证明，巴纳姆是对的。）指出了巴纳姆的观点是正确的，同时空后“as pseudscience (伪科学) — such as astrlgy and persnality test — remains ppular t this day.”（因为伪科学-如占星术和人格测试-一直流行到今天。）又解释了其观点正确的原因，符合语境。故选A。
19. 下一句“See “At times yu are extrverted and sciable, while at ther times yu are intrverted and reserved”— wh wuld nt agree with that statement?”（看看“有时你是外向和善于交际的，而在其他时候你是内向和保守的”-谁会不同意这种说法？）说明“有时……，有时……”这样的表达是没有办法反驳的，选项E. Fr example, using the phrase “at times” makes fr a pwerful Barnum Effect.（例如，使用短语“at times”会产生强大的巴纳姆效应。）提出了用“at times”为例来证明巴纳姆效应，下一句随后举出了具体的实例来证明，两句衔接合理。故选E。
20. 根据文章内容可知，前文主要介绍了巴纳姆效应，以及人们时常陷入其中，选项D. S, keep in mind that we are nt immune t the Barnum effect.（所以，请记住，我们也不能对巴纳姆效应免疫。）由此得出了人们对巴纳姆效应无法免疫的结论；而下一句“Take everything yu hear with several grains f salt.”（对你听到的每件事都持保留态度。）说明人们既然无法免疫，就该对听到的每件事都持保留态度。前后衔接合理。故选D。
21. A 22. C 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述一位老人在社区成员的帮助下在雪暴天赶到妻子所在的疗养院陪她度过生命的最后时光。
21. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在恶劣的天气里，社区成员团结起来，帮助一名79岁的男子找到他的妻子，他在几英里外遭遇了医疗紧急情况。A. united团结，统一；B. expected期待；C. failed失败；D. prmised承诺。根据“members f the cmmunity”推知，社区成员团结起来帮助老人。故选A。
22. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在恶劣的天气里，社区成员团结起来，帮助一名79岁的男子找到他的妻子，他在几英里外遭遇了医疗紧急情况。A. treatment 治疗；B. research研究；C. emergency紧急情况；D. training训练。根据下文“The nursing facility where she lived was 27 miles frm Rbert, and dctrs believed she culd die as carbn dixide 6 in her lungs. ”可知，老人的妻子正在经历医疗紧急情况。故选C。
23. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这名男子名叫Rbert RLice，他有信心用储备的物资在风暴中幸存下来。A. predict预测；B. survive幸存；C. avid避免，避开；D. measure测量。根据“with the supplies he had stcked”可知，老人有信心可以幸存下来，因为他有足够的物资。故选B。
24. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当他得知妻子Ann Rice呼吸困难时，情况发生了意想不到的转变。A. mve感动，移动，搬动；B. cncentrate集中；C. breathe呼吸；D. cmmunicate交流。根据下文“f chrnic (慢性的) lung disease”可知，老人的妻子患有慢性肺病，由此推知他得知妻子呼吸困难。故选C。
25. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她有慢性肺病病史，已经使用呼吸机3年了。A. cnditin条件；B. memry记忆；C. experience经历，经验；D. histry历史。根据“and had been n a ventilatr fr 3 years”可知，老人的妻子有慢性肺病史。故选D。
26. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她住的护理机构距离罗伯特27英里，医生认为她可能会因为肺部积聚二氧化碳而死亡。A. accumulated积累；B. frmed形成；C. circulated循环，传播；D. melted融化。结合常识可以，呼吸困难会使二氧化碳积累在肺部，最终导致死亡。故选A。
27. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：罗伯特担心，由于这场风暴，他将无法陪伴在她身边，这场风暴覆盖了大部分地区，使许多家庭无能为力。A. angry生气的；B. afraid害怕的，担心的；C. shcked震惊的；D. guilty罪恶的，内疚的。根据“he wuld be unable t be by her side because f the strm”可知，老人担心自己不能陪在老伴的身边。故选B。
28. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. speechless无话可说的；B. aimless漫无目的的；C. pwerless无权的，无能为力的；D. Jbless没有工作的。根据第一段“Recent snwstrms in Suthern Califrnia left several peple dead and thers trapped in their hmes in the San Bernardin Muntains.”可知，雪暴让很多家庭束手无策。故选C。
29. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的女儿接受了他不会去那里的事实，并试图让他做好准备，但他否认了。A. prved证明；B. dubted怀疑；C. ignred忽视；D. accepted接受。根据第一段“Recent snwstrms in Suthern Califrnia left several peple dead and thers trapped in their hmes in the San Bernardin Muntains.”可知，情况非常糟糕，且老人年岁已高，因此女儿接受了他不会去妻子身边的事实。故选D。
30. 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. denial否决；B. favur恩惠，帮助；C. need需要；D. truble麻烦。根据下文“He kept thinking he’d figure ut a way t get himself dwn there. ”可知，老人想办法去妻子身边，因此他否决了女儿的想法。故选A。
31. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生为她争取了更多的时间，但她日益恶化的病情促使他尽一切努力找到她。A. lend借出；B. buy付出极大代价而获得；C. we欠，归功（罪）于；D. assign布置，分配。根据“but her wrsening cnditin urged him t d all he culd t get t her”推知，虽然医生为她争取了更多时间，但她的情况不容乐观。故选B。
32. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他试图自己清理一些车道，但跟不上下起的雪。A. make use f利用；B. keep track f追踪；C. put up with忍受；D. keep up with跟上。根据上文“Recent snwstrms in Suthern Califrnia”可知，此处指老人刚清理出车道，又被下落的大雪覆盖了，即他的速度更不上下起的雪。故选D。
33. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：很快，许多邻居自愿帮助铲他的车道。A. casually随意地；B. hesitantly迟疑地；C. vluntarily自愿地；D. accidentally偶然地。根据“That’s when he psted a plea(请求)n Facebk”和上文“members f the cmmunity 1 t help a 79-year-ld man get t his wife,”可知，人们自愿帮助清理车道。故选C。
34. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他们的共同努力下，罗伯特最终到了安所在的医院，并在医院与她共度时光。A. fllwed跟随；B. reached到达；C. cntacted联系；D. prtected保护。根据“and spent time with her in the hspital.”可知，老人最终成功到达妻子所在的医院。故选B。
35. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我非常感谢他们的好意，”他告诉《泰晤士报》。A. kindness善良；B. acceptance接受；C. encuragement鼓励；D. tlerance容忍。根据上文“During the severe weather, members f the cmmunity 1 t help a 79-year-ld man get t his wife”可知，人们帮助老人。因此此处是指老人感谢人们的善良。故选A。
36. r 37. the 38. what 39. recrds 40. t write 41. knwn 42. cnsistently 43. are recgnized 44. is 45. evidence
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章对甲骨文作了相关介绍。
36. 考查连词。句意：你可能永远不会在甲骨文或龟甲上写字，但你可能会在博物馆里看到它们。分析句子可知空处表示“或者”，用r符合题意；故填r。
37. 考查固定搭配。句意：最早得到证实的证据表明，3000多年前，商朝人开始在骨头和龟甲碎片上写字。本处是in+the+名词的固定搭配，译为“在……（中）”；故填the。
38. 考查表语从句。句意：这就是我们所说的“甲骨文”。分析可知本句是表语从句，空处是引导词，表示“……的东西”，用what。
39. 考查名词。句意：这些文字是象形文字，记录了那个时代的人们对神的占卜和祈祷。with是介词，后接名词，根据英文提示，应填recrd，由f divinatins(占卜) and prayers t the gds可知空处用名词复数形式；故填recrds。
40. 考查不定式。句意：它们来自它们所指的对象的图片，并随着时间的推移而简化，保留了形状，但更容易书写。分析句子可知，空处是不定式主动表被动的用法，即“更容易被书写”；故填t write。
41. 考查形容词。句意：“甲骨文作为最早的已知的和成熟的汉字形式，展现了一种一直流传下来的语言的美丽和独特性，”清华大学艺术与设计学院教授陈楠表示。分析句子可知，空处缺形容词作定语修饰名词frm；根据英文提示，故填knwn。
42. 考查副词。句意：“甲骨文作为最早的已知的和成熟的汉字形式，展现了一种一直流传下来的语言的美丽和独特性，”清华大学艺术与设计学院教授陈楠表示。分析句子可知，空处缺副词作状语修饰动词短语passed dwn；根据英文提示，故填cnsistently。
43. 考查动词时态和语态。句意：产生甲骨文的那个社会具有许多今天被认为是典型的中国特征。分析句子可知，空处是宾语从句的谓语，先行词the characteristics与recgnize之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；由先行词the characteristics可知谓语用复数形式；由本句中tday可知本句用一般现在时；故填are recgnized。
44. 考查主谓一致。句意：这些来自中国的珍贵铭文证明，在文献遗产中记录的记忆是传承传统、文化和历史意识的一种不可替代的方式。由主语the memry可知空处的谓语动词用单数形式；故填is。
45. 考查名词。句意：这些文字是中国古代文化的证据，但对现代中国价值观也有“重要影响”。分析可知空处缺名词作表语，根据英文提示，应填evidence，为不可数名词；故填evidence。
46. Dear Edward,
I’m Li Hua, a jurnalist frm ur schl newspaper. I’m writing t request an interview with yu regarding yur experiences as an exchange student at ur schl.
I’d like t discuss the tpic f yur jurney and challenges as an internatinal student, including any culture shcks yu experienced, hw yu’ve adapted t the new envirnment and yur thughts n the differences between the educatin systems. I believe yur insights and experiences will prvide ur readers with a valuable perspective n studying abrad and encurage cultural understanding amng students.
Please let me knw if yu can be interviewed at 4 pm, 7th May, Friday at the schl cafeteria. Thank yu fr yur time. Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是校报记者李华，请你给半年前来你校学习的英国交换生Edward写一封邮件，约他做一次采访。
【详解】1.词汇积累
讨论：discuss→debate
适应：adapt t→adjust t
提供：prvide...→ffer
鼓励：encurage→inspire
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m Li Hua, a jurnalist frm ur schl newspaper.
拓展句：I’m Li Hua, wh is a jurnalist frm ur schl newspaper.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I believe yur insights and experiences will prvide ur readers with a valuable perspective n studying abrad and encurage cultural understanding amng students.（运用了省略that的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】I’d like t discuss the tpic f yur jurney and challenges as an internatinal student, including any culture shcks yu experienced, hw yu’ve adapted t the new envirnment and yur thughts n the differences between the educatin systems. （运用了省略了关系代词that的定语从句，hw引导宾语从句）
47. Paragraph 1:
Then the tw-hundred-milestne breaststrke was annunced. I culd feel my heart was beating faster and faster. As the signal was released, I jumped int the water and swam with my whle strength. Withut secnd thughts in my mind, I was absrbed in this as if this was the nly thing I need t d in the wrld. Mrgan’s encuraging wrds appeared and I started t believe in myself.
Paragraph 2:
There was nly 50 meters t g. I seemed almst t be reaching my limit. I even culd feel a cramp in my calf. Althugh there were the mental and physical discmfrt, I was determined t finish the race. I didn’t want t let my cach and Mrgan dwn. Finally, I came t the finish line. I felt bth tired and a sense f achievement. T my surprise, I wn the secnd prize.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者要参加蛙泳比赛，非常担心，教练和朋友一直安慰鼓励作者，最终作者取得了好成绩。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“200米蛙泳宣布要开始了”可知，第一段可描写作者比赛的经过和心理活动。
②由第二段首句内容“只剩下50米了”可知，第二段可描写作者完成比赛，取得了第好成绩。
2.续写线索：比赛开始——投入比赛——想要放弃——继续坚持——完成比赛——获奖
3.词汇激活
行为类
①释放，发出：release/ deliver
②完成：finish /cmplete
③失望：let sb. dwn/disappint sb.
情绪类
①决心：determine / reslute
②鼓励的：encuraging / supprting
【点睛】[高分句型1] As the signal was released, I jumped int the water and swam with my whle strength. (运用了as引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] Althugh there were the mental and physical discmfrt, I was determined t finish the race. (运用了althugh引导让步状语从句)
2024.06
第二部分 阅读 （共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分 37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给 A、B、C、D的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Aptitude Tests Recmmendatins
Aptitude tests are helpful t jb seekers f all ages. While career quizzes explre yur values and wrk style, aptitude tests prvide a mre bjective evaluatin f yur skills, helping yu select a career yu’re mst likely t succeed in. Belw are sme f the best aptitude tests ut there.
Cliftn Strengths
The Cliftn Strengths prgram was created based n research arund leadership. The research in questin pinted t cmmn strengths amng successful leaders, like strategic thinking, adaptability and cmmunicatin. T cmplete the test, yu must answer arund 150 questins, each within 20 secnds. Allen Cheung, a tech blgger, ntes that CliftnStrengths is mre valuable than yur average career test because it includes “tricky questins which aren’t as easily gamed”.
Red Bull Wingfinder
Develped and tested ut by psychlgy experts, the Red Bull Wingfinder assesses yur thinking under pressure. Questins include image srting, lgic puzzles and leadership-related questins. Once yu cmplete the test, yu’ll receive a nine-page reprt and career caching tailred t yur results.
SEI Develpment Reprt
The SEI Develpment Reprt is an extensive EQ aptitude test that has timed right-and-wrng answers that assess eight fundamentals, including emtinal literacy, emtinal management and empathy. At the end, yu’ll receive a 20-page reprt with recmmended curses n wrkplace EQ develpment.
CareerOneStp
While it nly takes a few minutes t cmplete, the CareerOneStp Skills Assessment will help yu rank bth yur technical and sft skills. The career suggestins at the end can be srted by relevance, annual wages, and jb utlk, cupled with with prfessinal caching r cnsultatin imprve yur skills.
1. What d aptitude tests mainly assess fr jb seekers?
A. Their wrk ethics.B. Their career interest.
C. Their preferred wrk style.D. Their prfessinal cmpetence.
2. What is a unique feature f Cliftn Strengths?
A. It evaluates leadership skills.B. It is develped by experts.
C. It includes challenging questins.D. It ffers a cmprehensive reprt.
3. Which test suits a jb seeker wh prefers categrized suggestins and career caching?
A. Clift n StrengthsB. Red Bull Wingfinder
C. SEI Develpment ReprtD. CareerOneStp
B
“Hey, lady! Yu can mve yur ugly car up nw!” The silver-haired driver behind me in a fancy truck rudely yelled at me. Withut much thught, I yelled back at the man, “What? Are yu in a rush r smething?”
I was waiting in line at the drive-thrugh t rder ur breakfast n a Sunday mrning. There were nly 12 inches r s between me and the car in frnt f me. There were als three additinal cars in frnt f that ne. We were getting nwhere fast. What was he hping t gain by yelling at me?
I wanted t let my wn anger g after this ridiculus exchange. But the mre I thught abut it, the angrier I gt. I was angry that he yelled at a mther in frnt f tw kids. My daughter and my sn were bth cnfused and saddened by what they had just witnessed. We were n ur way t a sccer turnament, and we had a bnus day free frm schl and wrk. Prbably, there was nthing in the wrld t be upset abut. Then this man let his anger ut.
I tld my kids I was s mad that I had t rll my windw up s that I wuldn’t keep yelling at this guy. Then, I stpped and lked back. I had mved up the 12 r s inches at his “suggestin”, while he hadn’t mved an inch. Suddenly, I felt sympathy fr him. He must have been suffering in sme way. As my kids and I slwly made ur way t the pick-up windw t pay fr ur rder, I had an idea.
“I heard hw rude that man was t yu, and I wanted t aplgize t yu fr having t put up with that. He isn’t wrth paying fr,” the cashier said t me. “My kids supprt me in ding that,” I answered the cashier, adding that hate cannt drive ut hate.
4. Why was the driver angry with the authr?
A. Her car cut in.B. She screamed at him.C. She held up his truck.D. Her car stpped suddenly.
5. What des the authr mainly tell us in paragraph 3?
A. What her kids’ reactin was.B. Why her anger kept grwing.
C. Hw she calmed herself dwn.D. Why she rdered the breakfast.
6. What was the authr’s final decisin?
A. She taught her kids a lessn.B. She aplgized t the driver.
C. She paid fr the driver’s fd.D. She gave the cashier sme advice.
7. What des the authr intend t cnvey in the text?
A. Respnd t hate with kindness.B. Deal with a man as he deals with yu.
C. Put distance between yur car and anther.D. Never g t the drive-thrugh at rush hurs.
C
Scientists have made a “breakthrugh” in handling nuclear fusin (聚变). The US Department f Energy fficially annunced the milestne in fusin energy research.
Fr the first time, researchers created a nuclear fusin reactin that prduced mre energy than they put int the prcess. The experiment, cnducted at Lawrence Livermre Natinal Labratry in Califrnia, generated 3.15 megajules f energy, mre than the 2.05 megajules put int creating it.
Nuclear fusin wrks by frcing tgether tw atms-mst ften hydrgen-t make a heavier ne-like helium (氦). This explsive prcess releases massive amunts f energy, the Department f Energy explains. Fusin is the ppsite f fissin (裂变), the reactin that pwers nuclear reactrs used cmmercially tday.
Fusin ccurs naturally in the heart f the Sun and the stars, prviding these csmic (宇宙的) bjects with fuel. Since the 1950s, scientists have been trying t reprduce it n Earth in rder t make use f the s-called clean, cheap, and almst limitless electricity. Accrding t the Internatinal Atmic Energy Agency, fusin generates fur times mre energy per kilgram than the fissin used t pwer nuclear plants, and nearly 4 millin times mre energy than burning il r cal. What’s mre, unlike fssil fuels, fusin desn’t release carbn dixide the greenhuse gas that’s the main driver f climate change-int the atmsphere. And unlike nuclear fissin, fusin desn’t create lng-lived radiactive waste, accrding t the Department f Energy. But s far, nuclear fusin hasn’t slved ur energy prblems n a grand scale.
The recent annuncement is a huge step frward in nuclear fusin energy, but applying the technlgy at cmmercial scale is likely still years away. Chanda Prescd Weinstein, a theretical physicist, pinted ut that the prcess the Department f Energy uses requires tritium (氚), a rare and radiactive istpe (同位素)f hydrgen. “It may yet cnvey imprtant infrmatin that is ultimately transfrmative. We dn’t knw yet,” Prescd Weinstein tweeted. Investrs, including Amazn funder Jeff Bezs, have pured billins int clean energy field trying t make fusin cmmercially wrkable, and the recent annuncement is likely t cntinue that trend.
8. What is the breakthrugh in nuclear fusin reactin?
A. It releases massive amunts f energy.
B. It prduces 3. 15 megajules f energy.
C. It wrks by frcing tgether tw atms.
D. It generates mre energy than that put int it.
9. Why have scientists been cnducting nuclear fusin experiments?
A. T avid the cmmercial use f fissin.
B. T recycle the byprduct f radiactive waste.
C. T reduce emissin (排放) f greenhuse gas.
D. T aim fr the high efficiency in prducing energy.
10. What des paragraph 5 fcus n?
A. The attitude f investrs.
B. The prspect f fusin energy.
C. The significance f the annuncement.
D. The difficulty in prducing fusin energy.
11. What is the authr’s attitude twards fusin energy?
A. Critical.
B. Negative.
C. Optimistic.
D. Dubtful.
D
When cnsuming infrmatin, we try t acquire mre signals and less nise. We feel like the mre infrmatin we cnsume the mre signals we receive. While this is prbably true n an abslute basis, Nassim Taleb argues in the bk Antifragile that it is nt true n a relative basis. As yu cnsume mre data and the rati (比率) f nise t signals increases, yu knw less abut what’s ging n and yu are likely t cause mre unintentinal truble.
The supply f infrmatin t which we are expsed under mdernity is transfrming humans frm a calm persn t a neurtic (神经质的) ne. Fr the purpse f ur discussin, the first persn nly reacts t real infrmatin, and the secnd largely t nise. The difference between the tw will shw us the difference between nise and signals. Nise is what yu are suppsed t ignre; signals are what yu need t heed.
In science, nise is a generalizatin beynd the actual sund t describe randm infrmatin that is ttally useless fr any purpse, and that yu need t clean up t make sense f what yu are listening t. Yu can use and take advantage f nise and randmness, but nise and randmness can als use and take advantage f yu, particularly with the data yu get n the Internet r thrugh ther media. The mre frequently yu lk at data, the mre nise yu are likely t get, and the higher the nise-t-signal rati is.
Say yu lk at infrmatin n a yearly basis—the changes yu see will all be large nes. The rati f signals t nise is abut ne t ne—this means that abut half the changes are real imprvements r degradatins, and the ther half cme frm randmness. But if yu lk at the very same data n a daily basis, the cmpsitin wuld change t 95 percent nise and 5 percent signals, and the changes yu see daily will certainly be small.
12. What pinin des Nassim Taleb prbably hld?
A. It’s hard t knw the real truth.B. The nise-t-signal rati is changing.
C. The infrmatin explsin can be harmful.D. Mre infrmatin brings mre signals.
13. What des the underlined wrd “heed” prbably mean in paragraph 2?
A. Ntice.B. Analyse.C. Slve.D. Describe.
14. What des paragraph 3 mainly talk abut?
A. Causes and harms f mre nise.B. The meaning and impact f nise.
C. The relatinship between nise and signals.D. Advantages and disadvantages f nise.
15. Hw shuld we handle infrmatin accrding t the authr?
A. Check it frequently.B. Make use f nline data.
C. Lk at key changes.D. Fcus n all changes in it.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下列短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have yu ever taken a persnality test and fund the results t be scarily accurate, checked yur hrscpe (星象学) and had everything cme true r taken an nline quiz that tld yu precisely what yur favrite Disney princess means abut yu? Well, we certainly have dne s t many times. 16
We discvered that we’ve all been falling victim t the Barnum effect. 17 , despite the fact that the descriptin is actually filled with infrmatin that applies t everyne. It was named after P.T. Barnum, a famus 19th century shwman, wh wuld famusly say, “There’s a fl brn every minute.”
18 as pseudscience (伪科学) — such as astrlgy and persnality test — remains ppular t this day. The Barnum effect explains why extremely general statements, such as the results f yur persnality test, seem s specific t yu.
The key t success f astrlgy and persnality test keep the statements as vague as pssible, with a mix f mstly psitive and sme negative cntent. 19 See “At times yu are extrverted and sciable, while at ther times yu are intrverted and reserved”— wh wuld nt agree with that statement?
20 Take everything yu hear with several grains f salt.
A. Indeed, Barnum prved t be right.
B. Yu believe in such mysterius tests firmly.
C. Nt every statement are wrth cnsidering.
D. S, keep in mind that we are nt immune t the Barnum effect.
E. Fr example, using the phrase “at times” makes fr a pwerful Barnum Effect.
F. Therefre, We decided t d a little investigatin int hw Internet quizzes, magazines and hrscpe bks seem t knw us s well.
G. The Barnum Effect is the phenmenn that ccurs when individuals believe that persnality descriptins apply specifically t them.
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15 小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Recent snwstrms in Suthern Califrnia left several peple dead and thers trapped in their hmes in the San Bernardin Muntains.
During the severe weather, members f the cmmunity 21 t help a 79-year-ld man get t his wife, wh was experiencing a medical 22 miles away. The man, Rbert Rice, was cnfident he culd 23 the strms with the supplies he had stcked.
But things tk an unexpected turn when he learned that his wife, Ann Rice, was struggling t 24 . She had a(n) 25 f chrnic (慢性的) lung disease and had been n a ventilatr fr 3 years. The nursing facility where she lived was 27 miles frm Rbert, and dctrs believed she culd die as carbn dixide 26 in her lungs.
Rbert was 27 that he wuld be unable t be by her side because f the strm, which had cvered mst f the area with snw and left many families 28 . His daughter 29 the fact that he wasn’t ging t be there, and was trying t prepare him fr that, but he was in 30 . He kept thinking he’d figure ut a way t get himself dwn there.
Dctrs were able t 31 her mre time, but her wrsening cnditin urged him t d all he culd t get t her. He tried t clear sme f the driveway himself, but culd nt 32 the falling snw.
That’s when he psted a plea (请求) n Facebk. Sn，a lt f neighbrs 33 helped t shvel his driveway. With their jint effrt, Rbert eventually 34 Ann and spent time with her in the hspital.
“I’m s grateful fr their 35 ,” he tld the Times. “I believe there were ther peple wh prbably needed the help mre than me.”
21. A. unitedB. expectedC. failedD. prmised
22. A. treatmentB. researchC. emergencyD. training
23. A. predictB. surviveC. avidD. measure
24. A. mveB. cncentrateC. breatheD. cmmunicate
25. A. cnditinB. memryC. experienceD. histry
26. A. accumulatedB. frmedC. circulatedD. melted
27. A. angryB. afraidC. shckedD. guilty
28. A. speechlessB. aimlessC. pwerlessD. jbless
29. A. prvedB. dubtedC. ignredD. accepted
30. A. denialB. favurC. needD. truble
31. A. lendB. buyC. weD. assign
32. A. make use fB. keep track fC. put up withD. keep up with
33. A. casuallyB. hesitantlyC. vluntarilyD. accidentally
34. A. fllwedB. reachedC. cntactedD. prtected
35. A. kindnessB. acceptanceC. encuragementD. tlerance
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Written in bne
Yu may never write wrds n an racle bne(甲骨) 36 a trtise(龟) shell, but yu might see them in a museum. The earliest cnfirmed evidence shws that mre than 3,000 years ag, peple in 37 Shang Dynasty started t write characters n pieces f bnes and turtle shells. They are 38 we call “the racle bne scripts”.
The scripts are pictgrams(象形文字), with 39 (recrd) f divinatins(占卜) and prayers t the gds frm peple in that era. They cme frm pictures f the bjects they refer t and simplify ver time, retaining(保留)the shapes but are easier 40 (write). “The racle bne scripts, as an earliest 41 (knw) and mature frm f Chinese characters, present the beauty and uniqueness f a language that has been passed dwn 42 (cnsistent),” said Chen Nan, a prfessr f Tsinghua University’s Academy f Art and Design.
The sciety that prduced the racle bne scripts shared many f the characteristics that 43 (recgnize) tday as typically Chinese. These valuable inscriptins frm China demnstrate that the memry recrded in the dcumentary heritage 44 (be) an irreplaceable way f transmitting traditin, culture and histrical awareness. The scripts are the 45 (evident) f ancient Chinese culture but als have an “imprtant influence” n mdern Chinese values.
第四部分 写作 （满分25分）
假定你是校报记者李华，请你给半年前来你校学习的英国交换生Edward写一封邮件，约他做一次采访。 内容包括：
1.采访的内容；
2.采访的时间和地点。
注意：
1.词数 80 左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Edward,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Oh n. Cach Cafferty just said my name. Fr that event. The tw-hundred-metre breaststrke (蛙泳) fr the cming meet! Nt the backstrke (仰泳) I had wished and practiced fr s lng!
Beads f sweat ppped ut ver my upper lip. Mrgan pressed her elbw int my side, trying t ffer me mral supprt. But it didn’t help. My stmach sank t my knees like a brick in water. Mrgan tried t cnvince me it wuld be fine. “Maybe Cach has mre cnfidence in yu than yu think. Or maybe Cach Cafferty just want t give the rest a laugh when I sink t the bttm f the pl,” I thught desperately. I walked twards Cach Cafferty and tld her abut my inability and my desire t quit this event. She frwned and asked if it was what I really wanted.
I hesitated. Placing her hand n my shulder, she started smiling and encuraged me t push myself utside f my cmfrt zne.
The first practice was a disaster. I lst rhythm n my strkes. I messed up my turns. I even had t stp and catch my breath a few times. I felt everyne was laughing at me and my stmach twisted. Hw culd I make it within just tw weeks? But nce I dragged myself ut f the water, exhausted and frustrated, Cach Cafferty thumbed up t me, saying I did really well and just needed mre cnfidence in myself and mre time t practice.
On the way back hme, Mrgan cmfrted me, “Dear, just ignre thers. Race against yurself. Cunt yur wn strkes. Prve t yurself that yu can d it.” With these wrds said t me almst every day, befre r after each practice, smething gradually changed: bth hw I swam the breaststrke and hw I felt abut the event as well as myself.
The meet finally came. I arrived at the pl hall, still a little bit wrried. As each event clicked clser t mine, my knees shk. I bit my lip and lked ut ver the ther swimmers. Mrgan leaned frward. “Just swim yur race. Remember, yu can!”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Then the tw-hundred-milestne breaststrke was annunced.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
There was nly 50 meters t g.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1. D 2. C 3. D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍和解释不同种类的能力倾向测试及其特点，为读者（尤其是求职者）提供关于如何通过这些测试来了解自身职业潜能的信息和建议。
1. 推理判断题。由文章第一段中“Aptitude tests are helpful t jb seekers f all ages. While career quizzes explre yur values and wrk style, aptitude tests prvide a mre bjective evaluatin f yur skills, helping yu select a career yu’re mst likely t succeed in. (能力倾向测试对所有年龄段的求职者都很有帮助。职业测验考察的是你的价值观和工作方式，而能力倾向测验则是对你的技能进行更客观的评估，帮助你选择最有可能成功的职业。)”可知，能力测试主要评估求职者的专业能力。故选D。
2. 推理判断题。由文章Cliftn Strengths部分中“Allen Cheung, a tech blgger, ntes that CliftnStrengths is mre valuable than yur average career test because it includes “tricky questins which aren’t as easily gamed”. (科技博客作者艾伦·张指出，CliftnStrengths比一般的职业测试更有价值，因为它包含了“不那么容易应付的棘手问题”。)”可知，克利夫顿优势的独特之处是其中包括具有挑战性的问题。故选C。
3. 推理判断题。由文章CareerOneStp部分中“The career suggestins at the end can be srted by relevance, annual wages, and jb utlk, cupled with with prfessinal caching r cnsultatin imprve yur skills. (最后的职业建议可以根据相关度、年薪和工作前景进行分类，再加上专业的指导或咨询，可以提高你的技能。)”可知，CareerOneStp适合喜欢分类建议和职业指导的求职者。故选D。
4. C 5. B 6. C 7. A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者遭到后方司机的无理指责，作者在愤怒之后，选择了以善良回应恶意。
4. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Hey, lady! Yu can mve yur ugly car up nw!(“嘿，女士！你现在可以把你的丑车往前挪挪了！”)”和第二段“We were getting nwhere fast.(我们根本走不快。)”可知，她阻碍了男司机的卡车。故选C。
5. 主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“I wanted t let my wn anger g after this ridiculus exchange. But the mre I thught abut it, the angrier I gt. I was angry that he yelled at a mther in frnt f tw kids. My daughter and my sn were bth cnfused and saddened by what they had just witnessed. We were n ur way t a sccer turnament, and we had a bnus day free frm schl and wrk. Prbably, there was nthing in the wrld t be upset abut. Then this man let his anger ut.( 在这次荒谬的交流之后，我想让自己的愤怒消失。但我越想越生气。我很生气他当着两个孩子的面对一位母亲大吼大叫。我的女儿和儿子都对他们刚刚目睹的事情感到困惑和悲伤。我们在去参加足球比赛的路上，我们有一天不用上学和工作。也许，世界上没有什么值得烦恼的。然后这个人发泄了他的愤怒。)”可知，该司机的喊叫让作者很愤怒，孩子们感到困惑又沮丧，给看球赛罩上了沮丧的阴影，这正是作者越想越生气的原因。由此可知，第三段主要讲述了为什么作者越来越生气。故选B。
6. 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“As my kids and I slwly made ur way t the pick-up windw t pay fr ur rder, I had an idea.(当我和孩子们慢慢走向取货窗口为我们的订单付款时，我有了一个主意。)”和文章最后一段““I heard hw rude that man was t yu, and I wanted t aplgize t yu fr having t put up with that. He isn’t wrth paying fr,” the cashier said t me. (“我听说那个人对你有多粗鲁，我想向你道歉，因为我不得不忍受他。他不值得为他付钱，”收银员对我说。)”可知，作者为那位司机支付了早餐费。故选C。
7. 推理判断题。通读文章可知，作者给无端责怪自己的司机支付了早餐费，可谓是用善行回应仇恨，结合最后一句“hate cannt drive ut hate(仇恨不能驱除仇恨)”可知，A项：Respnd t hate with kindness.(用善意回应仇恨。)是文章要传递的信息。故选A。
8. D 9. D 10. B 11. C
【导语】这是一篇说明文，介绍科学家们在核聚变反应上取得的突破，同时也科普了核聚变的原理，强调了它在能源制造上的价值以及其对未来的意义。
8. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Fr the first time, researchers created a nuclear fusin reactin that prduced mre energy than they put int the prcess. (研究人员第一次创造了一种核聚变反应，其产生的能量比他们投入的能量还要多)”可知，这一巨大突破是指首次产生了能量产出大于投入的核聚变反应，故选D。
9. 细节理解题。根据第四段的“Since the 1950s, scientists have been trying t reprduce it n Earth in rder t make use f the s-called clean, cheap, and almst limitless electricity. Accrding t the Internatinal Atmic Energy Agency, fusin generates fur times mre energy per kilgram than the fissin used t pwer nuclear plants, and nearly 4 millin times mre energy than burning il r cal.(自20世纪50年代以来，科学家们一直试图在地球上重现这种现象，以便利用所谓的清洁、廉价和几乎无限的电力。根据国际原子能机构的数据，聚变每千克产生的能量是用于核电站的裂变的四倍，比燃烧石油或煤炭产生的能量多出近400万倍)”可知，科学家们一直致力于在地球上实验核聚变，目的在于利用这种清洁、廉价、无限的能源，使其效能更高，故选D。
10. 主旨大意题。根据第五段的“The recent annuncement is a huge step frward in nuclear fusin energy, but applying the technlgy at cmmercial scale is likely still years away.(最近的宣布是核聚变能源领域向前迈出的一大步，但在商业规模上应用这项技术可能还需要几年的时间)”和““It may yet cnvey imprtant infrmatin that is ultimately transfrmative. We dn’t knw yet, ” Prescd Weinstein tweeted. Investrs, including Amazn funder Jeff Bezs, have pured billins int clean energy field trying t make fusin cmmercially wrkable, and the recent annuncement is likely t cntinue that trend.(“它还可能传达最终具有变革性的重要信息。我们还不知道，”Prescd Weinstein在推特上写道。包括亚马逊创始人杰夫·贝佐斯在内的投资者已经向清洁能源领域投入了数十亿美元，试图使聚变在商业上可行，而最近的宣布很可能会延续这一趋势)”可知，本段主要聚焦对核聚变技术的前景的看法，故选B。
11. 推理判断题。根据第一段“The US Department f Energy fficially annunced the milestne in fusin energy research.(美国能源部正式宣布了聚变能源研究的里程碑)”和第五段的“The recent annuncement is a huge step frward in nuclear fusin energy (最近的宣布是核聚变能源领域向前迈出的一大步)”以及“Investrs, including Amazn funder Jeff Bezs, have pured billins int clean energy field trying t make fusin cmmercially wrkable, and the recent annuncement is likely t cntinue that trend.(包括亚马逊创始人杰夫·贝佐斯在内的投资者已经向清洁能源领域投入了数十亿美元，试图使聚变在商业上可行，而最近的宣布很可能会延续这一趋势)”推知，作者对核聚变能量持乐观态度，故选C。
12. C 13. A 14. B 15. C
【导语】本文是议论文。现代化让我们得以接触到大量的信息，但过量的信息不一定是有益的。那么我们该如何应对信息爆炸？如何在海量的信息“噪声”中识别出“信号”呢？文章对此进行了讨论。
12. 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“We feel like the mre infrmatin we cnsume the mre signals we receive.(我们觉得我们消耗的信息越多，接收到的信号就越多。)”和“Nassim Taleb argues…yu knw less abut what’s ging n and yu are likely t cause mre unintentinal truble.(纳西姆·塔勒布在《反脆弱》一书中辩称，在相对基础上并非如此。随着您消耗的数据越来越多，噪声与信号的比率(比率)越来越高，您对正在发生的事情的了解就越来越少，并且可能会造成更多无意的麻烦。)”可知，纳西姆·塔勒布认为接触到过多的信息反而会使人们更不知道发生了什么，也可能引发更多无意识的麻烦。由此可知，纳西姆·塔勒布可能认为信息爆炸可能是有害的。故选C。
13. 词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“Fr the purpse f ur discussin, the first persn nly reacts t real infrmatin, and the secnd largely t nise. The difference between the tw will shw us the difference between nise and signals. Nise is what yu are suppsed t ignre.( 就我们讨论的目的而言，第一人只对真实信息作出反应，第二人主要对噪音作出反应。两者之间的区别将向我们展示噪声和信号之间的区别。噪音是你应该忽略的。)”可知，本段提到这两种人的不同反应会向我们展示信息“噪声”和“信号”的区别，信息“噪声”是我们应该忽视的，因此与之相对的“信号”应是需要我们留意或关注的信息。由此可推知，heed意为“关注，注意”。故选A。
14. 主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“In science, nise is a generalizatin beynd the actual sund t describe randm infrmatin that is ttally useless fr any purpse, and that yu need t clean up t make sense f what yu are listening t. Yu can use and take advantage f nise and randmness, but nise and randmness can als use and take advantage f yu, particularly with the data yu get n the Internet r thrugh ther media. The mre frequently yu lk at data, the mre nise yu are likely t get, and the higher the nise-t-signal rati is.(在科学中，噪音是一种超越实际声音的概括，它描述的是对任何目的都毫无用处的随机信息，你需要清理这些信息才能理解你所听到的内容。你可以使用和充分利用噪音和随机性，但噪音和随机性也可以使用和充分利用你，特别是你在互联网上或通过其他媒体获得的数据。查看数据的频率越高，可能得到的噪声就越多，噪信比也就越高。)”可知，本段主要讲述了噪声的定义和影响。故选B。
15. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Say yu lk at infrmatin n a yearly basis—the changes yu see will all be large nes. The rati f signals t nise is abut ne t ne—this means that abut half the changes are real imprvements r degradatins, and the ther half cme frm randmness. But if yu lk at the very same data n a daily basis, the cmpsitin wuld change t 95 percent nise and 5 percent signals, and the changes yu see daily will certainly be small.(假设你看的是每年的信息——你看到的变化都是很大的。信号与噪声的比例大约是1:1，这意味着大约一半的变化是真正的改进或退化，另一半来自随机性。但如果你每天都看同样的数据，组成就会变成95%的噪音和5%的信号，你每天看到的变化肯定很小。)”可推知，作者的建议是在应对大量信息（想从中获取真正的有价值的信息）时，应该关注数据的大变化（重要变化），忽略一些细微的变化（不重要的变化）。故选C。
16. F 17. G 18. A 19. E 20. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章就“很多人相信占卜和性格测试等”这一现象进行了分析，并列出了一些原因。
16. 根据前文“Have yu ever taken a persnality test and fund the results t be scarily accurate, checked yur hrscpe (星象学) and had everything cme true r taken an nline quiz that tld yu precisely what yur favrite Disney princess means abut yu? Well, we certainly have dne s t many times.”（你是否曾经做过性格测试，发现结果非常准确？你是否曾经检查过你的星座，一切都成真了？你是否曾经做过一个在线测验，告诉你你最喜欢的迪士尼公主对你意味着什么？好吧，我们已经这么做过太多次了。）可知，前文提出了我们可能对于“网络测验、杂志和占星书对我们很了解”感到疑惑，选项F. Therefre, We decided t d a little investigatin int hw Internet quizzes, magazines and hrscpe bks seem t knw us s well.（因此，我们决定做一个小调查，看看网络测验、杂志和占星书是如何如此了解我们的。）和前文构成因果关系，符合语境。故选F。
17. 上一句“We discvered that we’ve all been falling victim t the Barnum effect.”（我们发现我们都成了巴纳姆效应的受害者。）提出了巴纳姆效应，选项G. The Barnum Effect is the phenmenn that ccurs when individuals believe that persnality descriptins apply specifically t them.（巴纳姆效应是一种现象，当个体相信人格描述专门适用于他们时，就会发生这种现象。）承接上文，具体解释说明了巴纳姆效应，并与下一句“despite the fact that the descriptin is actually filled with infrmatin that applies t everyne.”（尽管事实上描述中包含了适用于所有人的信息。）形成转折关系，语意衔接合理。故选G。
18. 根据第二段“It was named after P.T. Barnum, a famus 19th century shwman, wh wuld famusly say, “There’s a fl brn every minute.””（它是以19世纪著名的表演家P.T.巴纳姆的名字命名的，他有句名言:“每分钟都有一个傻瓜出生。”）可知，巴纳姆认为相信占星术和人格测试之类的人是非常多的，选项A. Indeed, Barnum prved t be right.（事实证明，巴纳姆是对的。）指出了巴纳姆的观点是正确的，同时空后“as pseudscience (伪科学) — such as astrlgy and persnality test — remains ppular t this day.”（因为伪科学-如占星术和人格测试-一直流行到今天。）又解释了其观点正确的原因，符合语境。故选A。
19. 下一句“See “At times yu are extrverted and sciable, while at ther times yu are intrverted and reserved”— wh wuld nt agree with that statement?”（看看“有时你是外向和善于交际的，而在其他时候你是内向和保守的”-谁会不同意这种说法？）说明“有时……，有时……”这样的表达是没有办法反驳的，选项E. Fr example, using the phrase “at times” makes fr a pwerful Barnum Effect.（例如，使用短语“at times”会产生强大的巴纳姆效应。）提出了用“at times”为例来证明巴纳姆效应，下一句随后举出了具体的实例来证明，两句衔接合理。故选E。
20. 根据文章内容可知，前文主要介绍了巴纳姆效应，以及人们时常陷入其中，选项D. S, keep in mind that we are nt immune t the Barnum effect.（所以，请记住，我们也不能对巴纳姆效应免疫。）由此得出了人们对巴纳姆效应无法免疫的结论；而下一句“Take everything yu hear with several grains f salt.”（对你听到的每件事都持保留态度。）说明人们既然无法免疫，就该对听到的每件事都持保留态度。前后衔接合理。故选D。
21. A 22. C 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述一位老人在社区成员的帮助下在雪暴天赶到妻子所在的疗养院陪她度过生命的最后时光。
21. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在恶劣的天气里，社区成员团结起来，帮助一名79岁的男子找到他的妻子，他在几英里外遭遇了医疗紧急情况。A. united团结，统一；B. expected期待；C. failed失败；D. prmised承诺。根据“members f the cmmunity”推知，社区成员团结起来帮助老人。故选A。
22. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在恶劣的天气里，社区成员团结起来，帮助一名79岁的男子找到他的妻子，他在几英里外遭遇了医疗紧急情况。A. treatment 治疗；B. research研究；C. emergency紧急情况；D. training训练。根据下文“The nursing facility where she lived was 27 miles frm Rbert, and dctrs believed she culd die as carbn dixide 6 in her lungs. ”可知，老人的妻子正在经历医疗紧急情况。故选C。
23. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这名男子名叫Rbert RLice，他有信心用储备的物资在风暴中幸存下来。A. predict预测；B. survive幸存；C. avid避免，避开；D. measure测量。根据“with the supplies he had stcked”可知，老人有信心可以幸存下来，因为他有足够的物资。故选B。
24. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当他得知妻子Ann Rice呼吸困难时，情况发生了意想不到的转变。A. mve感动，移动，搬动；B. cncentrate集中；C. breathe呼吸；D. cmmunicate交流。根据下文“f chrnic (慢性的) lung disease”可知，老人的妻子患有慢性肺病，由此推知他得知妻子呼吸困难。故选C。
25. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她有慢性肺病病史，已经使用呼吸机3年了。A. cnditin条件；B. memry记忆；C. experience经历，经验；D. histry历史。根据“and had been n a ventilatr fr 3 years”可知，老人的妻子有慢性肺病史。故选D。
26. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她住的护理机构距离罗伯特27英里，医生认为她可能会因为肺部积聚二氧化碳而死亡。A. accumulated积累；B. frmed形成；C. circulated循环，传播；D. melted融化。结合常识可以，呼吸困难会使二氧化碳积累在肺部，最终导致死亡。故选A。
27. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：罗伯特担心，由于这场风暴，他将无法陪伴在她身边，这场风暴覆盖了大部分地区，使许多家庭无能为力。A. angry生气的；B. afraid害怕的，担心的；C. shcked震惊的；D. guilty罪恶的，内疚的。根据“he wuld be unable t be by her side because f the strm”可知，老人担心自己不能陪在老伴的身边。故选B。
28. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. speechless无话可说的；B. aimless漫无目的的；C. pwerless无权的，无能为力的；D. Jbless没有工作的。根据第一段“Recent snwstrms in Suthern Califrnia left several peple dead and thers trapped in their hmes in the San Bernardin Muntains.”可知，雪暴让很多家庭束手无策。故选C。
29. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的女儿接受了他不会去那里的事实，并试图让他做好准备，但他否认了。A. prved证明；B. dubted怀疑；C. ignred忽视；D. accepted接受。根据第一段“Recent snwstrms in Suthern Califrnia left several peple dead and thers trapped in their hmes in the San Bernardin Muntains.”可知，情况非常糟糕，且老人年岁已高，因此女儿接受了他不会去妻子身边的事实。故选D。
30. 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. denial否决；B. favur恩惠，帮助；C. need需要；D. truble麻烦。根据下文“He kept thinking he’d figure ut a way t get himself dwn there. ”可知，老人想办法去妻子身边，因此他否决了女儿的想法。故选A。
31. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生为她争取了更多的时间，但她日益恶化的病情促使他尽一切努力找到她。A. lend借出；B. buy付出极大代价而获得；C. we欠，归功（罪）于；D. assign布置，分配。根据“but her wrsening cnditin urged him t d all he culd t get t her”推知，虽然医生为她争取了更多时间，但她的情况不容乐观。故选B。
32. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他试图自己清理一些车道，但跟不上下起的雪。A. make use f利用；B. keep track f追踪；C. put up with忍受；D. keep up with跟上。根据上文“Recent snwstrms in Suthern Califrnia”可知，此处指老人刚清理出车道，又被下落的大雪覆盖了，即他的速度更不上下起的雪。故选D。
33. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：很快，许多邻居自愿帮助铲他的车道。A. casually随意地；B. hesitantly迟疑地；C. vluntarily自愿地；D. accidentally偶然地。根据“That’s when he psted a plea(请求)n Facebk”和上文“members f the cmmunity 1 t help a 79-year-ld man get t his wife,”可知，人们自愿帮助清理车道。故选C。
34. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他们的共同努力下，罗伯特最终到了安所在的医院，并在医院与她共度时光。A. fllwed跟随；B. reached到达；C. cntacted联系；D. prtected保护。根据“and spent time with her in the hspital.”可知，老人最终成功到达妻子所在的医院。故选B。
35. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我非常感谢他们的好意，”他告诉《泰晤士报》。A. kindness善良；B. acceptance接受；C. encuragement鼓励；D. tlerance容忍。根据上文“During the severe weather, members f the cmmunity 1 t help a 79-year-ld man get t his wife”可知，人们帮助老人。因此此处是指老人感谢人们的善良。故选A。
36. r 37. the 38. what 39. recrds 40. t write 41. knwn 42. cnsistently 43. are recgnized 44. is 45. evidence
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章对甲骨文作了相关介绍。
36. 考查连词。句意：你可能永远不会在甲骨文或龟甲上写字，但你可能会在博物馆里看到它们。分析句子可知空处表示“或者”，用r符合题意；故填r。
37. 考查固定搭配。句意：最早得到证实的证据表明，3000多年前，商朝人开始在骨头和龟甲碎片上写字。本处是in+the+名词的固定搭配，译为“在……（中）”；故填the。
38. 考查表语从句。句意：这就是我们所说的“甲骨文”。分析可知本句是表语从句，空处是引导词，表示“……的东西”，用what。
39. 考查名词。句意：这些文字是象形文字，记录了那个时代的人们对神的占卜和祈祷。with是介词，后接名词，根据英文提示，应填recrd，由f divinatins(占卜) and prayers t the gds可知空处用名词复数形式；故填recrds。
40. 考查不定式。句意：它们来自它们所指的对象的图片，并随着时间的推移而简化，保留了形状，但更容易书写。分析句子可知，空处是不定式主动表被动的用法，即“更容易被书写”；故填t write。
41. 考查形容词。句意：“甲骨文作为最早的已知的和成熟的汉字形式，展现了一种一直流传下来的语言的美丽和独特性，”清华大学艺术与设计学院教授陈楠表示。分析句子可知，空处缺形容词作定语修饰名词frm；根据英文提示，故填knwn。
42. 考查副词。句意：“甲骨文作为最早的已知的和成熟的汉字形式，展现了一种一直流传下来的语言的美丽和独特性，”清华大学艺术与设计学院教授陈楠表示。分析句子可知，空处缺副词作状语修饰动词短语passed dwn；根据英文提示，故填cnsistently。
43. 考查动词时态和语态。句意：产生甲骨文的那个社会具有许多今天被认为是典型的中国特征。分析句子可知，空处是宾语从句的谓语，先行词the characteristics与recgnize之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；由先行词the characteristics可知谓语用复数形式；由本句中tday可知本句用一般现在时；故填are recgnized。
44. 考查主谓一致。句意：这些来自中国的珍贵铭文证明，在文献遗产中记录的记忆是传承传统、文化和历史意识的一种不可替代的方式。由主语the memry可知空处的谓语动词用单数形式；故填is。
45. 考查名词。句意：这些文字是中国古代文化的证据，但对现代中国价值观也有“重要影响”。分析可知空处缺名词作表语，根据英文提示，应填evidence，为不可数名词；故填evidence。
46. Dear Edward,
I’m Li Hua, a jurnalist frm ur schl newspaper. I’m writing t request an interview with yu regarding yur experiences as an exchange student at ur schl.
I’d like t discuss the tpic f yur jurney and challenges as an internatinal student, including any culture shcks yu experienced, hw yu’ve adapted t the new envirnment and yur thughts n the differences between the educatin systems. I believe yur insights and experiences will prvide ur readers with a valuable perspective n studying abrad and encurage cultural understanding amng students.
Please let me knw if yu can be interviewed at 4 pm, 7th May, Friday at the schl cafeteria. Thank yu fr yur time. Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是校报记者李华，请你给半年前来你校学习的英国交换生Edward写一封邮件，约他做一次采访。
【详解】1.词汇积累
讨论：discuss→debate
适应：adapt t→adjust t
提供：prvide...→ffer
鼓励：encurage→inspire
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m Li Hua, a jurnalist frm ur schl newspaper.
拓展句：I’m Li Hua, wh is a jurnalist frm ur schl newspaper.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I believe yur insights and experiences will prvide ur readers with a valuable perspective n studying abrad and encurage cultural understanding amng students.（运用了省略that的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】I’d like t discuss the tpic f yur jurney and challenges as an internatinal student, including any culture shcks yu experienced, hw yu’ve adapted t the new envirnment and yur thughts n the differences between the educatin systems. （运用了省略了关系代词that的定语从句，hw引导宾语从句）
47. Paragraph 1:
Then the tw-hundred-milestne breaststrke was annunced. I culd feel my heart was beating faster and faster. As the signal was released, I jumped int the water and swam with my whle strength. Withut secnd thughts in my mind, I was absrbed in this as if this was the nly thing I need t d in the wrld. Mrgan’s encuraging wrds appeared and I started t believe in myself.
Paragraph 2:
There was nly 50 meters t g. I seemed almst t be reaching my limit. I even culd feel a cramp in my calf. Althugh there were the mental and physical discmfrt, I was determined t finish the race. I didn’t want t let my cach and Mrgan dwn. Finally, I came t the finish line. I felt bth tired and a sense f achievement. T my surprise, I wn the secnd prize.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者要参加蛙泳比赛，非常担心，教练和朋友一直安慰鼓励作者，最终作者取得了好成绩。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“200米蛙泳宣布要开始了”可知，第一段可描写作者比赛的经过和心理活动。
②由第二段首句内容“只剩下50米了”可知，第二段可描写作者完成比赛，取得了第好成绩。
2.续写线索：比赛开始——投入比赛——想要放弃——继续坚持——完成比赛——获奖
3.词汇激活
行为类
①释放，发出：release/ deliver
②完成：finish /cmplete
③失望：let sb. dwn/disappint sb.
情绪类
①决心：determine / reslute
②鼓励的：encuraging / supprting
【点睛】[高分句型1] As the signal was released, I jumped int the water and swam with my whle strength. (运用了as引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] Althugh there were the mental and physical discmfrt, I was determined t finish the race. (运用了althugh引导让步状语从句)
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