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初中英语人教新目标八年级下册语法知识点讲解和练习
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这是一份初中英语人教新目标八年级下册语法知识点讲解和练习，共4页。
八年级英语下册语法知识点讲解和练习（一）一般将来时一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或者存在的状态。通常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 years 等。be going to do （动词原形）结构：表示打算、准备做的事情或者肯定要发生的事情。如：It is going to rain.will do 结构表示将来的用法：1.表示预见Do you think it will rain?You will feel better after a good rest.2.表示意图I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow.What will she do tomorrow?基本构成如下：一般疑问句构成：（1）will+主语+do…? Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday?（2）there be 结构的一般疑问句：Will there + be …?Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will./ No, there won’t否定句构成：will + not （won’t）+doSarah won’t come to visit me next Sunday.特殊疑问句构成：特殊疑问词＋will＋主语＋…？What will Sarah do next Sunday?【练习】根据例句，用will改写下列各句例：I don’t feel well today.（be better tomorrow）I’ll be better tomorrow.1.Gina has six classes today.（have a lot of homework tonight）_____________________________2.I’m tired now.（sleep later）_____________________________3.My parents need a new car.（buy one soon）_____________________________4.We can’t leave right now.（leave a little later）_____________________________5.The weather is awful today.（be better tomorrow）_____________________________【答案】1.She’ll have a lot of homework tonight.2.I’ll sleep later.3.They’ll buy one soon.4.We’ll leave a little later.5.Maybe it’ll be better tomorrow.（二）should的用法：should用来提出建议和忠告，后边加动词原形，否定句直接在should后边加not.例如：I think you should eat less junk food.我认为你应该少吃垃圾食品。She drives a lot and she seldom walks.So I think she should walk a lot.她经常开车，很少走路。所以我认为她应该多走路。Students shouldn’t spend too much time playing computer games.学生们不应当花太多的时间玩计算机游戏。学习向别人提建议的几种句式：（1）I think you should…（2）Well, you could…（3）Maybe you should …（4）Why don’t you…?（5）What about doing sth.?（6）You’d better do sth.【练习】用should或shouldn’t填空1.I can’t sleep the night before exams.You ______ take a warm shower before you go to bed.2.Good friends ______ argue each other.3.There is little milk in the glass.We _______ buy some.4.They didn’t invite you? Maybe you ______ be friendlier.5.I am a little bit overweight.So I think I _______ do exercises every day.【答案】1.should 2.shouldn’t 3.should 4.should 5.should（三）过去进行时过去进行时表示过去某一点时间正在进行的动作或者过去某一段时间内一直进行的动作。1.构成was /were + doing，例如：I was watching TV at 9 o’clock last night.at 9 o’clock last night是时间点They were playing football all afternoon.all afternoon是时间段2.过去进行时的标志词at 8 o’clock last night, this time yesterday等。例如：I was having lunch at home this time yesterday.昨天的这个时候我正在吃午饭。At that time she was writing a book.那阵子她在写一本书。（表示她在那段时间里一直在做那件事情。）【练习】用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。1.This time yesterday I ____ ______（read）books.2.At 9 o’clock last Sunday they ______ ______（have）a party.3.When I _____（come）into the classroom, she ________ ______（read）a storybook.4.She _____ ______（play）computer games while her mother ____ ______（cook）yesterday afternoon.5.I _____ ______（have）a shower when you _______（call）me yesterday.【答案】1.was reading 2.were having 3.came; was reading4.was playing; was cooking 5.was having; called（四）间接引语形成步骤：（1）不要逗号，冒号，引号（2）要考虑到人称的变化（人称的变化与汉语是一致的）（3）要考虑时态的变化（4）要考虑时间状语、地点状语和语示代词的变化。1.直接引语变成间接引语时，几个主要时态的变化规律直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时2.直接引语变成间接引语时，一些词汇的变化规律直接引语1.am / is2.are3.have / has4.will5.can6.may间接引语1.was2.were3.had4.would5.could6.might【练习】用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。1.She said I _____（be）hard-working.2.Peter told me he _____（be）bored yesterday.3.She said she _____（go）swimming last Sunday.4.Bobby said he _____（may）call me later.5.Antonio told me he _____（read）a book then.【答案】1.was 2.was 3.went 4.might 5.was reading请转述他人说的话：1.I go to the beach every Saturday.（Tom）2.I can speak three languages.（Lucy）3.I will call you tomorrow.（Mike）4.I’m having a surprise party for Lana.（she）（五）if引导的条件状语从句结构：if＋一般现在时，主语＋将来时含义：如果……，将要……例如：If you ask him, he will help you.如果你请求他，他会帮助你。If need be, we’ll work all night.如果需要，我们就干个通宵。【练习】根据中文提示，完成句子。1.如果你参加聚会，你将会过得很开心。If you ________ the party, you __________.2.如果明天下雨，我们将不去野餐。If it __________ tomorrow, we ___________.3.如果你经常听英文歌，你将会喜欢英语的。If you often ________, you _________________.【答案】1.If you go to the party, you will have a good time2.If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go to the picnic3.If you often listen to English songs, you’ll like English
八年级英语下册语法知识点讲解和练习（一）一般将来时一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或者存在的状态。通常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 years 等。be going to do （动词原形）结构：表示打算、准备做的事情或者肯定要发生的事情。如：It is going to rain.will do 结构表示将来的用法：1.表示预见Do you think it will rain?You will feel better after a good rest.2.表示意图I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow.What will she do tomorrow?基本构成如下：一般疑问句构成：（1）will+主语+do…? Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday?（2）there be 结构的一般疑问句：Will there + be …?Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will./ No, there won’t否定句构成：will + not （won’t）+doSarah won’t come to visit me next Sunday.特殊疑问句构成：特殊疑问词＋will＋主语＋…？What will Sarah do next Sunday?【练习】根据例句，用will改写下列各句例：I don’t feel well today.（be better tomorrow）I’ll be better tomorrow.1.Gina has six classes today.（have a lot of homework tonight）_____________________________2.I’m tired now.（sleep later）_____________________________3.My parents need a new car.（buy one soon）_____________________________4.We can’t leave right now.（leave a little later）_____________________________5.The weather is awful today.（be better tomorrow）_____________________________【答案】1.She’ll have a lot of homework tonight.2.I’ll sleep later.3.They’ll buy one soon.4.We’ll leave a little later.5.Maybe it’ll be better tomorrow.（二）should的用法：should用来提出建议和忠告，后边加动词原形，否定句直接在should后边加not.例如：I think you should eat less junk food.我认为你应该少吃垃圾食品。She drives a lot and she seldom walks.So I think she should walk a lot.她经常开车，很少走路。所以我认为她应该多走路。Students shouldn’t spend too much time playing computer games.学生们不应当花太多的时间玩计算机游戏。学习向别人提建议的几种句式：（1）I think you should…（2）Well, you could…（3）Maybe you should …（4）Why don’t you…?（5）What about doing sth.?（6）You’d better do sth.【练习】用should或shouldn’t填空1.I can’t sleep the night before exams.You ______ take a warm shower before you go to bed.2.Good friends ______ argue each other.3.There is little milk in the glass.We _______ buy some.4.They didn’t invite you? Maybe you ______ be friendlier.5.I am a little bit overweight.So I think I _______ do exercises every day.【答案】1.should 2.shouldn’t 3.should 4.should 5.should（三）过去进行时过去进行时表示过去某一点时间正在进行的动作或者过去某一段时间内一直进行的动作。1.构成was /were + doing，例如：I was watching TV at 9 o’clock last night.at 9 o’clock last night是时间点They were playing football all afternoon.all afternoon是时间段2.过去进行时的标志词at 8 o’clock last night, this time yesterday等。例如：I was having lunch at home this time yesterday.昨天的这个时候我正在吃午饭。At that time she was writing a book.那阵子她在写一本书。（表示她在那段时间里一直在做那件事情。）【练习】用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。1.This time yesterday I ____ ______（read）books.2.At 9 o’clock last Sunday they ______ ______（have）a party.3.When I _____（come）into the classroom, she ________ ______（read）a storybook.4.She _____ ______（play）computer games while her mother ____ ______（cook）yesterday afternoon.5.I _____ ______（have）a shower when you _______（call）me yesterday.【答案】1.was reading 2.were having 3.came; was reading4.was playing; was cooking 5.was having; called（四）间接引语形成步骤：（1）不要逗号，冒号，引号（2）要考虑到人称的变化（人称的变化与汉语是一致的）（3）要考虑时态的变化（4）要考虑时间状语、地点状语和语示代词的变化。1.直接引语变成间接引语时，几个主要时态的变化规律直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时2.直接引语变成间接引语时，一些词汇的变化规律直接引语1.am / is2.are3.have / has4.will5.can6.may间接引语1.was2.were3.had4.would5.could6.might【练习】用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。1.She said I _____（be）hard-working.2.Peter told me he _____（be）bored yesterday.3.She said she _____（go）swimming last Sunday.4.Bobby said he _____（may）call me later.5.Antonio told me he _____（read）a book then.【答案】1.was 2.was 3.went 4.might 5.was reading请转述他人说的话：1.I go to the beach every Saturday.（Tom）2.I can speak three languages.（Lucy）3.I will call you tomorrow.（Mike）4.I’m having a surprise party for Lana.（she）（五）if引导的条件状语从句结构：if＋一般现在时，主语＋将来时含义：如果……，将要……例如：If you ask him, he will help you.如果你请求他，他会帮助你。If need be, we’ll work all night.如果需要，我们就干个通宵。【练习】根据中文提示，完成句子。1.如果你参加聚会，你将会过得很开心。If you ________ the party, you __________.2.如果明天下雨，我们将不去野餐。If it __________ tomorrow, we ___________.3.如果你经常听英文歌，你将会喜欢英语的。If you often ________, you _________________.【答案】1.If you go to the party, you will have a good time2.If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go to the picnic3.If you often listen to English songs, you’ll like English
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