2024届四川省成都市第七中学高三下学期热身考试英语试题（学生版+教师版）

这是一份2024届四川省成都市第七中学高三下学期热身考试英语试题（学生版+教师版），文件包含2024届四川省成都市第七中学高三下学期热身考试英语试题教师版docx、2024届四川省成都市第七中学高三下学期热身考试英语试题学生版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共33页， 欢迎下载使用。

第一节 (共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是 C。
1. Why can’t the wman g t the game?
A. She frgt her ticket at hme.
B. She desn’t want t wait in line.
C. She has t lk after her nephew.
2. Where des the cnversatin take place?
A. At a restaurant. B. In a htel. C. Over the phne.
3. Hw much change can the man get?
A. Five dllars. B. Seven dllars. C. Eight dllars.
4. What is the wman’s prblem?
A. A meeting rm is ccupied.
B. The meeting has been canceled.
C. Sme sftware can’t be dwnladed.
5. What des the wman mean?
A. The essay part was easy.
B. She regretted nt studying enugh.
C. Her preparatin paid ff in the exam.
第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6. What is the cnversatin mainly abut?
A. A research prject. B. A cmpany dinner. C. A custmer survey.
7. What des the wman suggest ding?
A. Training the staff. B. Changing sme rules. C. Attending a cnference.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。
8. Where will the wman g?
A. Rm 106. B. Rm 210. C. Rm 309.
9. Why will the man attend Dr. Prbst’s lecture?
A. He is a wrld-famus expert.
B. He was a frmer classmate.
C. He develped a new medical thery.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。
10. What seasn is it nw?
A. Spring. B. Autumn. C. Winter.
11. What des Jhn say abut the yung man's cat?
A. He desn't like the clr.
B. He thinks it is ut f style.
C. He is unsure if it wuld suit him.
12. What clr are mst f Jhn's clthes?
A. Green. B. Black. C. Yellw.
听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。
13. Hw did Janet get intrduced t stand-up cmedy?
A. By watching a perfrmance.
B. By jining a lcal drama club.
C. By perfrming in schl plays.
14. Hw did Janet's parents react t her career chice?
A. They encuraged her t fllw her passin.
B. They were unsupprtive and discuraged her.
C. They wanted her t fllw a mre traditinal career.
15. What challenges des Janet face while perfrming?
A. Creating her wn material. B. Amusing the audience. C. Being alne n stage.
16. What mtivates Janet t cntinue perfrming?
A. The desire t uplift thers.
B. The wish t gain recgnitin.
C. The chance t challenge herself.
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
17. What will be prvided fr the listeners?
A. Clthes. B. Glves. C. Breakfast.
18. What shuld the listeners d with fruit?
A. Leave it untuched. B. Place it in the red bag. C. Put it int a special cntainer.
19. What shuld the listeners d if they cut their hands?
A. Seek help frm fellw participants.
B. Visit the nearest hspital.
C. Turn t the speaker.
20. What is the main purpse f the talk?
A. T give instructins. B. T prmte a prgram. C. T welcme the listeners.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The best science bks inspire a sense f wnder and make yu amazed at the incredible wrld we live in. Here are fur f them t feed yur imaginatin.
A Shrt Histry f Nearly Everything by Bill Brysn
Hw did it all begin? And hw did we get here? Cmbining histry and science, the bk ffers a cmprehensive yet entertaining answer t these questins. Bill Brysn takes the reader n an impressive jurney thrugh the greatest scientific discveries in histry. It explains scientific tpics in a vivid way, but it’s quite a lng read.
Thing Explainer by Randall Munre
Hw d helicpters wrk? Or cells? Randall Munre explains hw things wrk using illustratins and nly the mst cmmn 1,000 wrds in English. It will shift yur apprach t explanatin. S, next time explain hw smething wrks rather than merely call it by its name. Hwever, additinally prviding mre technical terms might have enhanced the understanding and learning experience.
Ask an Astrnaut by Tim Peake
What des it feel like t fly int space? Hw d yu prepare fr it? Astrnaut Tim Peake answers all the questins yu never knew abut ging int space. The bk gives insights int the cutting-edge science, as well as the day-t-day life n bard f the Internatinal Space Statin. Its questin and answer frmat makes it easy t quickly find answers, but it can becme less appealing due t the lack f descriptive language.
Deep Time by Riley Black
Want t knw the stry f ur planet? Riley Black takes us n a jurney, in the rder f time, thrugh the gelgical (地质的) events that have shaped ur planet. The fascinating high-quality images are supprted by easily digestible explanatins f key histrical mments. It als expands n key cncepts in gelgy, astrnmy and bilgy. Yet, measuring the size f sme bjects n the phts is difficult due t the lack f a scale bar (比例尺).
1. Which bk is rganized in the frmat f questin and answer?
A. A Shrt Histry f Nearly Everything.B. Thing Explainer.
C. Ask an Astrnaut.D. Deep Time.
2. What’s a shrtcming f Thing Explainer?
A. It is rather t lng.B. It is written in plain language.
C. It lacks technical terms.D. It fails t include clear images.
3. What d A Shrt Histry f Nearly Everything and Deep Time have in cmmn?
A. They cmbine science and histry.B. They feature vivid illustratins.
C. They intrduce astrnauts’ daily life.D. They entertain readers f all ages.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本书的情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Its questin and answer frmat makes it easy t quickly find answers, but it can becme less appealing due t the lack f descriptive language.(它的问答格式可以很容易地快速找到答案，但由于缺乏描述性语言，它可能变得不那么吸引人)”可知，Ask an Astrnaut是以问答的形式组织的。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Hwever, additinally prviding mre technical terms might have enhanced the understanding and learning experience.(然而，额外提供更多的技术术语可能会增强理解和学习经验)”可知，Thing Explainer的缺点是缺乏专业术语。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Cmbining histry and science, the bk ffers a cmprehensive yet entertaining answer t these questins.(这本书结合了历史和科学，为这些问题提供了一个全面而有趣的答案)”以及最后一段“The fascinating high-quality images are supprted by easily digestible explanatins f key histrical mments. It als expands n key cncepts in gelgy, astrnmy and bilgy.(这些引人入胜的高质量图像由易于理解的关键历史时刻的解释支持。它还扩展了地质学、天文学和生物学中的关键概念)”可知，《万物简史》和《深时间》的共同之处在于都结合了科学和历史。故选A。
B
As a by, I wanted t g t the Suth Ple. As a teenager, I decided I'd like t g t the Nrth Ple t. And yet, I haven't dne either. It had taken me 31 years t just make it t the Arctic.
I was traveling with a film crew frm Nrthern Ireland, fllwing the ftsteps f Lrd Dufferin wh, in the 1850s, sailed frm Sctland t the Arctic. As an early adventure turist, he was driven by the desire t see what lay at the ends f the wrld.
As we sailed nrth, icebergs f the size f buses flated past ur small bat. Finally, we reached ur destinatin—English Bay, where Dufferin landed- and stepped ff nt the hrseshe-shaped beach.
This was what I'd dreamt f: standing smewhere s pure and primitive. Hwever, fr many early plar explrers, the results were far less pleasant. The suth, in particular, was surce f extreme danger.
My childhd interest in the Suth Ple was fueled by the unsuccessful yet heric adventures f Emest Shackletn. He died in 1922 while preparing fr his furth adventure. The stries f Rbert Falcn Sctt are als well-knwn: he and fur cmpanins died n their way back frm the Suth Ple.
S why d explrers put themselves at such risk?
Much f it seems t lie in the purity f the challenge. Sctt talked f the appeal f a place that had been “unreached and unseen by humans.” “With a view ver shining lands cvered by ice-sheets f incnceivable extent, yu have the feeling f living ver the cntrl f death,” said Fridtjf Nansen, a Nrwegian explrer.
On the hmeward jurney the weather turned and we were left fr a few days at the mercy f a strm. We experienced a small taste f helplessness when faced with the raw pwer f nature. We shuld be grateful fr the great explrers’ spirit and stries. I knw I am.
4. Why did the authr begin his adventure tur?
A. T assist a film crewB. T realize a childhd dream
C. T memrize Lrd DufferinD. T challenge a wrld recrd
5. Which f the fllwing best explains "incnceivable" underlined in paragraph 7?
A. Hard t cntrlB. T far t reach
C. Hard t imagineD. T bright t view
6. What happened during the writer's jurney?
A. They were trapped in icebergsB. They were kept ff the destinatin
C. They were attacked by a strmD. They were rescued by explrers
7. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A. The Appeal f the Ends f the WrldB. The Dream f Traveling t the Arctic
C. The Victry ver the Cntrl f DeathD. The Gratitude t Great Explrers Spirit
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者为了实现童年去南极的梦想，跟随一个来自北爱尔兰的电影摄制组旅行，介绍了一路上的所见所闻和所感。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“As a by, I wanted t g t the Suth Ple. As a teenager, I decided I'd like t g t the Nrth Ple t. And yet, I haven't dne either. It had taken me 31 years t just make it t the Arctic.(小时候，我想去南极。十几岁的时候，我决定我也要去北极。然而，我什么都没做。我花了31年才到达北极)”以及第四段中“This was what I'd dreamt f: standing smewhere s pure and primitive. (这就是我所梦想的：站在一个如此纯净和原始的地方)”可知，作者开始他的冒险之旅是为了实现童年的梦想。故选B。
5题详解】
词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段中“Much f it seems t lie in the purity f the challenge. Sctt talked f the appeal f a place that had been “unreached and unseen by humans.”(这在很大程度上似乎取决于挑战的纯粹性。Sctt谈到了一个“人类无法触及和看不见的地方”的吸引力)”以及画线词上文“With a view ver shining lands cvered by ice-sheets f”和后文“yu have the feeling f living ver the cntrl f death”可知，南极是人类无法触及和看不见的地方，所以挪威探险家Fridtjf Nansen说“看到覆盖着难以想象的冰盖的闪亮土地，你会有一种生活在死亡控制之下的感觉。”故画线词意思和C选项“难以想象”最接近。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“On the hmeward jurney the weather turned and we were left fr a few days at the mercy f a strm.(在归途中，天气变了，我们被滞留了几天，由暴风雨摆布)”可知，作者在旅途中被暴风雨袭击了。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“As a by, I wanted t g t the Suth Ple. As a teenager, I decided I'd like t g t the Nrth Ple t. And yet, I haven't dne either. It had taken me 31 years t just make it t the Arctic.(小时候，我想去南极。十几岁的时候，我决定我也要去北极。然而，我什么都没做。我花了31年才到达北极)”结合文章主要讲述了作者为了实现童年去南极的梦想，跟随一个来自北爱尔兰的电影摄制组旅行，介绍了一路上的所见所闻和所感。可知，A选项“世界尽头的吸引力”最符合文章标题。故选A。
C
Research int whether the human vice helps plants isn’t cnclusive. Even s, there are cnvincing reasns that chatting with yur huseplants is gd fr them—and yu.
In a 2022 survey by trees.cm, 50 percent f the 1250 respndents reprted talking t their plants. When asked why, 65 percent said they believe it helps them grw. The research, hwever, isn’t definitive abut this pint. While studies have fund that vibratins (震动) caused by sund d affect plants, the jury is still ut n whether the human vice ffers any specific benefit.
Fr many plant wners, thugh, the science is beside the pint. Marquis Matsn, c-funder f the blg the Indr Nursery, says she talks t her plants every day because “it feels nice and I think plants get a sense f cmmunity frm my talking t them and that keeps them ging”. On the plant side, a study in a 2003 issue f the jurnal Ultrasnics investigated the effects f the classical music and the sunds f birds, insects and water n the grwth f Chinese cabbage and cucumber. Bth frms f sund expsure increased the vegetables’ grwth. In a 2015 study, researchers expsed marigld (金盏花) and chickpea (鹰嘴豆) plants t light Indian music as well as t traffic nise. They fund that bth types f plants grew and develped better after being expsed t the music fr fur hurs per day, but nt t the traffic sunds. “Plants definitely respnd t vibratins in their envirnment—which can cause plants t grw differently and becme mre resistant t falling ver,” says Heidi Appel, leader f the study. She pints ut, “While sund abslutely matters t plants, we dn’t knw if talking t them makes them grw differently.”
Despite the lack f studies and evidence abut the benefits f talking t yur plants, there is at least ne theretical bnus, “If we identify with a living rganism that we’re taking care f, we’re ging t take better care f it and help them thrive,” Appel says.
8. What d the underlined wrds “the jury is still ut” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. There is uncertainty.B. The jury has decided.
C. The jury is playing utside.D. Peple have different ideas.
9. What d Marquis Matsn’s wrds suggest?
A. Vibratins caused by sund affect plants.B. Chatting with the plants benefits bth sides.
C. Scientific research in this area makes n sense.D. A sense f cmmunity is a must fr plants’ grwth.
10. What can be inferred frm Paragraph 3?
A. Traffic sunds prbably have a negative influence n plant grwth.
B. Talking t plants can make them mre sensitive t the envirnment.
C. Plants d nt fall ver because f the vibratins in their envirnment.
D. Classical music is beneficial t plant grwth as sunds f nature d.
11. What is Appel’s attitude twards the study?
A. Apprving.B. Neutral.C. Unfavrable.D. Unclear.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。与自己养的盆栽植物聊天有利于其生长，同时对植物主人也有利，文章主要介绍了这一研究。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。划线词句前文“The research, hwever, isn’t definitive abut this pint.(然而，这项研究并没有确定这一点。)”说明与盆栽植物聊天是否有助于其生长并没有确切的结论。从而推知划线词句“While studies have fund that vibratins (震动) caused by sund d affect plants, the jury is still ut n whether the human vice ffers any specific benefit.(尽管研究已经发现声音造成的震动确实对植物有影响，但人类的声音能否提供任何具体的好处the jury is still ut。)”其中划线句子应为“悬而未决，不确定”的意思，与A项同义。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Marquis Matsn, c-funder f the blg the Indr Nursery, says she talks t her plants every day because ‘it feels nice and I think plants get a sense f cmmunity frm my talking t them and that keeps them ging’.(‘室内苗圃’博客的联合创始人Marquis Matsn说，她每天都和她的植物交谈，因为‘这感觉很好，我觉得植物从我的聊天中得到了一种社区认同感，这有助于它们生长’。)”可知，和植物聊天对双方都有好处。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“On the plant side, a study in a 2003 issue f the jurnal Ultrasnics investigated the effects f the classical music and the sunds f birds, insects and water n the grwth f Chinese cabbage and cucumber. Bth frms f sund expsure increased the vegetables’ grwth. In a 2015 study, researchers expsed marigld (金盏花) and chickpea (鹰嘴豆) plants t light Indian music as well as t traffic nise. They fund that bth types f plants grew and develped better after being expsed t the music fr fur hurs per day, but nt t the traffic sunds.(在植物方面，2003年发表在《超声波》杂志上的一项研究调查了古典音乐、鸟叫声、昆虫叫声和水声对白菜和黄瓜生长的影响。两种形式的声音暴露都促进了蔬菜的生长。在2015年的一项研究中，研究人员将万寿菊和鹰嘴豆植物置于轻快的印度音乐和交通噪音中。他们发现，这两种植物在每天听四小时音乐后都生长得更好，但听交通噪音则不然。)”可知，古典音乐和大自然的声音一样有利于植物的生长。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Despite the lack f studies and evidence abut the benefits f talking t yur plants, there is at least ne theretical bnus, ‘If we identify with a living rganism that we’re taking care f, we’re ging t take better care f it and help them thrive,’ Appel says.(尽管跟植物聊天的好处缺乏研究和证据，但至少有一个理论上的好处， Appel说：‘如果我们与自己照料的植物产生共鸣，那我们会更好地照料它们，帮助它们茁壮成长。’)”可知，Appel对研究持赞成态度。故选A项。
D
Mst f us dn’t have any memries frm the first three t fur year f ur lives. And when we d try t think back t ur earliest memries, it is ften unclear whether they are the real thing r just recllectins based n phts r stries tld t us. The phenmenn, knwn as “childhd amnesia,” bas been puzzling psychlgists fr mre than a century.
It may seem that the reasn we dn’t remember being babies is that babies dn’t have a fully develped memry. But babies as yung as six mnths can frm bth shrt-term and lng-term memries. In ne study, six- mnth-lds wh learned hw t press a lever t perate a ty.
Of curse, memry capabilities at these ages are nt adult-like — they cntinue t develp until adlescence. In fact, develpmental changes in basic memry prcesses have been put frward as an explanatin fr childhd amnesia, and it’s ne f the best theries we’ve gt s far. These basic prcesses invlve several brain regins and include frming, maintaining and later bringing back the memry.
But this des nt seem t be the whle stry. Anther factr that we knw plays a rle is language. Frm the ages f ne t six, children prgress frm the ne wrd stage f speaking t becming fluent in their native language(s), s there are majr changes in their language cmpetence that verlap with the childhd amnesia perid. It is true t sme extent that a child’s ability t describe an event predicts hw well they remember it mnths r years later.
While there are still things we dn’t understand abut childhd amnesia, it’s imprtant t remember that, even if we can’t clearly remember specific events frm when we were very yung, they still influence ur behavir. The first few years f life are frgettable and yet pwerful in shaping the adults that we becme.
12. What des the study mentined in paragraph 2 shw?
A. Babies dn’t have a fully develped memry.B. Babies dn’t suffer frm childhd amnesia.
C. Babies can remember things fr weeks.D. Babies can benefit frm hands - n learning.
13. Which f the fllwing is ne f the best theries cncerning childhd amnesia?
A. Babies’ brains are nt mature enugh.
B. Babies’ language skills need develping.
C. Babies cannt g thrugh basic memry prcesses.
D. Babies rarely experience events that had a big impact.
14. What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A. Specific events frm early childhd shuld be tld t children.
B. The first few years f life shuld be taken seriusly.
C. We can vercme childhd amnesia smeday.
D. Childhd amnesia is fairly cmmn.
15. What can be the best title fr the text?
A. Hw ur early childhd memries frmB. Hw childhd amnesia influences ur lives
C. Why sme memries disappear and thers dn’tD. Why we can’t remember ur early childhd
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释说明了为什么我们不记得童年，解释了“童年健忘症”发生的原因以及相关研究。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“It may seem that the reasn we dn’t remember being babies is that babies dn’t have a fully develped memry. But babies as yung as six mnths can frm bth shrt-term and lng-term memries. In ne study, six- mnth-lds wh learned hw t press a lever t perate a ty.(我们不记得自己是婴儿的原因似乎是婴儿没有发育完全的记忆。但6个月大的婴儿就能形成短期和长期记忆。在一项研究中，六个月大的婴儿学习如何按杠杆操作玩具)”可推知，第二段中提到的研究说明了婴儿能记住几周的事情。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Of curse, memry capabilities at these ages are nt adult-like — they cntinue t develp until adlescence. In fact, develpmental changes in basic memry prcesses have been put frward as an explanatin fr childhd amnesia, and it’s ne f the best theries we’ve gt s far.(当然，这些年龄段的记忆能力并不像成年人那样——它们会一直发展到青春期。事实上，基本记忆过程的发展变化已经被提出来解释儿童健失症，这是迄今为止我们得到的最好的理论之一)”可知，关于童年健忘症的最好的理论之一是“婴儿不能经历基本的记忆过程”。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“While there are still things we dn’t understand abut childhd amnesia, it’s imprtant t remember that, even if we can’t clearly remember specific events frm when we were very yung, they still influence ur behavir. The first few years f life are frgettable and yet pwerful in shaping the adults that we becme.(虽然关于童年健忘症，我们仍有一些不了解的地方，但重要的是要记住，即使我们不能清楚地记住我们很小的时候发生的具体事件，它们仍然会影响我们的行为。生命的最初几年是很容易忘记的，但对我们长大成人却有着巨大的影响)”可推知，生命的最初几年应该被认真对待。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Mst f us dn’t have any memries frm the first three t fur year f ur lives. And when we d try t think back t ur earliest memries, it is ften unclear whether they are the real thing r just recllectins based n phts r stries tld t us. The phenmenn, knwn as “childhd amnesia,” bas been puzzling psychlgists fr mre than a century.(我们大多数人都没有生命最初三到四岁的记忆。当我们试图回想起我们最早的记忆时，往往不清楚它们是真实的，还是只是基于照片或故事的回忆。这种现象被称为“童年健忘症”，一个多世纪以来一直困扰着心理学家)”结合文章主要解释说明了为什么我们不记得童年，解释了“童年健忘症”发生的原因以及相关研究。可知，D选项“为什么我们不记得我们的童年”最符合文章标题。故选D。
第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2 分, 满分 10 分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Learning hw t aplgize is similar t learning any new behavir. It may feel awkward and may nt be plished at first. ____16____ There are several tips that will help yu as yu learn hw t aplgize.
First f all, wait until the right time and yu are in the right place. Althugh public aplgy is ften apprpriate, discretin (谨慎) shuld be used. ____17____ Remember, yu will be raising a tpic that may recall a bad experience r bad feelings. Be respectful as yu apprach this task.
Be direct and brief in yur apprach. Acknwledge the fact that injury has ccurred and then take respnsibility fr what happened. Be sincere in expressing yur regret and demnstrate yur willingness t take wnership f the situatin. ____18____
Even if yu fllw these steps, be prepared fr rejectin. Smetimes, the persn aplgizing has an expectatin that the aplgy will lead t immediate frgiveness and acceptance. ____19____ If yu think f the ffense (冒犯) as an emtinal bruise (瘀伤), think f the healing prcess as the clr changes we see as a bruise heals.
____20____ Knwing when t keep ne’s muth shut is a virtue. Keeping quiet may be very difficult, as pst-aplgy listening is nt easy. We may hear unpleasant bservatins frm anther abut ur wn shrtcmings. We may hear the expressin f anger. One f the ways we let thers knw we are truly respnsible and accuntable fr ur mistakes is by listening t the ther party pur ut the feelings assciated with ur actins.
A. Frgiveness and acceptance may take time.
B. T give r receive a gd aplgy is an art.
C. But with practice, everyne can learn t d it.
D. Listening t the respnse t ur aplgies is imprtant.
E. Mst aplgies can and shuld happen in a private setting.
F. In ther wrds, avid excuses and ffer t repair the damage.
G. Taking respnsibility desn’t mean accepting blame fr everything.
【答案】16. C 17. E 18. F 19. A 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一些可以帮助你学习如何道歉的技巧。
【16题详解】
上文“Learning hw t aplgize is similar t learning any new behavir. It may feel awkward and may nt be plished at first.(学习如何道歉与学习任何新行为类似。一开始可能会感觉别扭，可能没有被打磨好。)”指出学习道歉一开始可能会让你感到别扭，下文“There are several tips that will help yu as yu learn hw t aplgize.(当您学习如何道歉时，有一些技巧可以帮助您。)”指出有些技巧可以帮助您学习道歉，这说明通过学习就能学会如何道歉，C项“但通过练习，每个人都可以学会这样做。”符合，承上启下，故选C。
【17题详解】
上文“First f all, wait until the right time and yu are in the right place. Althugh public aplgy is ften apprpriate, discretin (谨慎) shuld be used.(首先，等到合适的时间和地点。尽管公开道歉通常是合适的，但仍应谨慎行事。)”指出公开道歉需要谨慎行事，要等到合适的时间和地点，空处承接上文，E项“大多数道歉可以而且应该在私人场合进行。”符合，具体介绍了在什么地点适合公开道歉，故选E。
【18题详解】
上文“Acknwledge the fact that injury has ccurred and then take respnsibility fr what happened. Be sincere in expressing yur regret and demnstrate yur willingness t take wnership f the situatin. (承认已经发生伤害的事实，然后对所发生的事情承担责任。真诚地表达你的遗憾，并表明你愿意对事情负责。)”可知，道歉时要承认已经发生伤害的事实，并承担自己的责任，这说明不要为自己找借口，要主动承担责任，修复问题，F项“换句话说，避免找借口并主动修复损坏。”符合，故选F。
【19题详解】
上文“Even if yu fllw these steps, be prepared fr rejectin. Smetimes, the persn aplgizing has an expectatin that the aplgy will lead t immediate frgiveness and acceptance.(即使您遵循这些步骤，也要做好被拒绝的准备。有时，道歉的人期望道歉会立即得到原谅和接受。)”可知，要做好被拒绝的准备，道歉的人期望会立即得到原谅且被接受，但是原谅和接受是需要时间的，A项“原谅和接受可能需要时间。”符合，承接上文，故选A。
【20题详解】
此处是本段中心句，下文“Knwing when t keep ne’s muth shut is a virtue. Keeping quiet may be very difficult, as pst-aplgy listening is nt easy. We may hear unpleasant bservatins frm anther abut ur wn shrtcmings. We may hear the expressin f anger. One f the ways we let thers knw we are truly respnsible and accuntable fr ur mistakes is by listening t the ther party pur ut the feelings assciated with ur actins.(知道什么时候闭嘴是一种美德。保持安静可能非常困难，因为道歉后倾听并不容易。我们可能会听到别人对我们自己的缺点提出不愉快的评论。我们可能会听到愤怒的表情。我们让别人知道我们真正对自己的错误负有责任和负责的方法之一是倾听对方倾诉与我们的行为相关的感受。)”可知，本段主要介绍道歉时要倾听别人，D项“倾听对我们道歉的回应很重要。”符合，故选D。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）
第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Alice had a serius disease. She needed a(n) ____21____ bld transfusin t save her life. Her nly chance f ____22____ wuld be t get a transfusin frm her yunger brther, Michael. He had vercme the same disease she had, which was cnsidered a ____23____．Therefre he had antibdies (抗体) in his____24____ needed t fight the illness, but n ne was____25____ what Michael thught.
The dctr explained t Michael that it wuld save his ____26____ life if he were t give her his bld. The by ____27____ fr a mment befre agreeing t give his bld if it wuld help his sister. This was ____28____ t a by f 5, after all. He ____29____ t d anything t save Alice’s life.
As the_____30_____ was n, Michael lay next t his sister in the hspital. He felt_____31_____ when seeing his sister cming back t _____32_____．Then he quietly asked the dctr, “When will I start t_____33_____?” N dubt that Michael had _____34_____ that he was giving his life in rder t save her. Hearing the _____35_____，his parents were astnished ver the _____36_____，which led Michael t think they were chsing his sister ver him — and even mre astnished and mved that he had been _____37_____ t d s. The dctr replied that he wasn’t ging t die, he was very brave and just saved Alice s that she culd live a _____38_____ life.
This is an example f extreme curage and lve frm a by. The lve and care Michael shwed fr his sister relays a message abut _____39_____. While we may nt be faced with such a life r death decisin, being selfless can help us _____40_____ with thers, which is rewarding and fulfilling.
21. A. expensiveB. dangerusC. urgentD. cmplicated
22. A. passageB. survivalC. victryD. escape
23. A. difficultyB. wnderC. threatD. secret
24. A. bneB. brainC. stmachD. bld
25. A. certainB. nervusC. wrriedD. anxius
26. A. mther’sB. father’sC. brther’sD. sister’s
27. A. ranB. sleptC. disappearedD. hesitated
28. A. dullB. attractiveC. cruelD. lucky
29. A. decidedB. stppedC. refusedD. pretended
30. A. mvieB. peraC. peratinD. perfrmance
31. A. interestedB. fearfulC. happyD. pitiful
32. A. lifeB. greatnessC. hmeD. earth
33. A. studyB. dieC. playD. eat
34. A. expectedB. agreedC. assumedD. ignred
35. A. newsB. wrdsC. striesD. phrases
36. A. judgementB. mischiefC. accidentD. misunderstanding
37. A. excitedB. regretfulC. willingD. disappinted
38. A. richB. healthyC. fullD. meaningful
39. A. patienceB. cnfidenceC. independenceD. selflessness
40. A. cnnectB. cpeC. crrespndD. struggle
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. C 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. B 36. D 37. C 38. B 39. D 40. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了迈克尔在误以是用自己的生命去救姐姐的情况下，仍然选择输血救姐姐，他的无私感动了所有人。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她需要紧急输血以挽救生命。A. expensive昂贵的；B. dangerus危险的；C. urgent紧急的；D. cmplicated复杂的。根据上文“a serius disease”可知，爱丽丝病重，情况紧急，需要输血。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她唯一的生存机会就是让她的弟弟迈克尔给她输血。A. passage过道；B. survival存活，幸存；C. victry胜利；D. escape逃跑。根据句中“t get a transfusin frm her yunger brther”可知，弟弟给爱丽丝输血是她存活的机会。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他克服了和她一样的疾病，这被认为是一个奇迹。A. difficulty困难；B. wnder奇迹 ；C. threat威胁；D. secret秘密。根据上文可知，得了重病的爱丽丝必须要弟弟迈克尔输血才能活下来，结合句中“He had vercme the same disease”可知，得了同样重病的迈克尔活了下来，所以这是一个奇迹。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，他的血液中有对抗疾病的抗体，但没有人知道迈克尔是怎么想的。A. bne骨；B. brain大脑；C. stmach胃；D. bld血液。根据上文可知，爱丽丝必须要弟弟迈克尔给她输血才能活下来，所以“antibdies (抗体)”在血液中。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，他的血液中有对抗疾病的抗体，但没有人知道迈克尔是怎么想的。A. certain确定的；B. nervus神经紧张的；C. wrried担心的；D. anxius焦虑的。根据句中“what Michael thught”和下文“The dctr explained t Michael that it wuld save his 6 life if he were t give her his bld.”可知，大家不确定迈克尔的想法，所以才需要给他作解释。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：医生向迈克尔解释说，如果他把自己的血给他姐姐，就能挽救姐姐的生命。A. mther’s母亲的；B. father’s父亲的；C. brther’s兄弟的；D. sister’s姐姐的。根据上文可知，得了重病的爱丽丝必须要弟弟迈克尔给她输血才能活下来，所以是挽救“姐姐的”生命。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：男孩犹豫了一会儿，然后同意献血，如果这能帮助他的姐姐。A. ran跑；B. slept睡觉；C. disappeared消失；D. hesitated犹豫。根据句中“fr a mment befre agreeing”可知，迈克尔稍稍犹豫了一会儿。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，这对一个5岁的男孩来说太残忍了。A. dull枯燥无聊的；B. attractive吸引人的；C. cruel残忍的；D. lucky幸运的。结合常识和句中“a by f 5”可推知，对于一个5岁的男孩来说输血是残忍的事情。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他决定不惜一切代价挽救爱丽丝的生命。A. decided决定；B. stpped停止；C. refused拒绝；D. pretended假装。根据上文“agreeing t give his bld if it wuld help his sister”可知，迈克尔决定要挽救姐姐的生命。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：手术进行时，迈克尔躺在医院里他姐姐的旁边。A. mvie电影；B. pera歌剧；C. peratin手术；D. perfrmance表演。根据句中“Michael lay next t his sister in the hspital.”可知，手术在进行之中。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到姐姐苏醒过来，他感到很高兴。A. interested感兴趣；B. fearful害怕的；C. happy快乐的；D. pitiful可怜的。结合常识和句中“hen seeing his sister cming back t 12 ”可推知，看到给姐姐输血后姐姐好了起来，迈克尔当然会感到高兴。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到姐姐苏醒过来，他感到很高兴。A. life生命；B. greatness伟大；C. hme家；D. earth地球。根据上文可知，得了重病的爱丽丝必须要弟弟迈克尔给她输血才能活下来，所以输完血后，爱丽丝苏醒过来；“cme back t life”恢复健康，苏醒过来。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他平静地问医生：“我什么时候开始死亡?”。A. study学习；B. die死亡；C. play玩耍；D. eat吃。根据句中“he was giving his life in rder t save her”可知，迈克尔误以为是用自己生命去救姐姐，所以问自己什么时候会死。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，迈克尔认为他会为了救姐姐而献出自己的生命。A. expected期待；B. agreed同意；C. assumed认为；D. ignred忽视。句中“he was giving his life in rder t save her”是迈克尔对“输血救姐姐”的错误认知，所以是“认为”。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：听到这些话，他的父母对这种误解感到惊讶，这让迈克尔认为他们是在选择他的姐姐而不是他——更让他惊讶和感动的是，他竟然愿意这样做。A. news消息；B. wrds话语；C. stries故事；D. phrases短语。上文迈克尔问“When will I start t 13 ?”，这是迈克尔说的话。故选B项。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：听到这些话，他的父母对这种误解感到惊讶，这让迈克尔认为他们是在选择他的姐姐而不是他——更让他惊讶和感动的是，他竟然愿意这样做。A. judgement判断；B. mischief恶作剧；C. accident交通事故；D. misunderstanding误解。根据上文可知，迈克尔以为是用自己的生命去救姐姐，这是误解。故选D项。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：听到这些话，他的父母对这种误解感到惊讶，这让迈克尔认为他们是在选择他的姐姐而不是他——更让他惊讶和感动的是，他竟然愿意这样做。A. excited激动的；B. regretful后悔的；C. willing愿意的；D. disappinted失望的。根据上文可知，尽管迈克尔误以为是用自己的生命去救姐姐，但他还是愿意这样做，这让他的父母很感动。故选C项。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：医生回答说他不会死，他很勇敢，刚刚救了爱丽丝，让她能健康地生活。A. rich富有的；B. healthy健康的；C. full满的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据句中“just saved Alice”可知，爱丽丝得救，会健康地生活下去。故选B项。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：迈克尔对姐姐的爱和关心传递了无私的信息。A. patience耐心；B. cnfidence自信；C. independence独立；D. selflessness无私。根据下文“being selfless can help us 20 with thers”可知，作者认为迈克尔的行为传递了“无私”这一信息。故选D项。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我们可能不会面临这样的生死抉择，但无私可以帮助我们与他人建立良好关系，这是有益的和充实的。A. cnnect建立良好关系；B. cpe对付；C. crrespnd通信；D. struggle奋斗。结合常识可知，“being selfless”有助于建立与他人的良好关系。故选A项。
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Spring rlls, thse crispy delights f glden pastry (油酥面团), featuring a mix ____41____ finely chpped vegetables like cabbage, carrts, and smetimes meat, are amng the mst ppular ____42____ (chice) fr a quick and tasty snack. The rlls are fried t a perfect crunch and are ____43____ (typical) eaten when ht. T eat ne, yu have t decide ____44____ t dip it in a sweet and sur sauce first, adding an extra layer f flavr, r t enjy it n ____45____ (it) wn, letting the rll’s wn taste shine thrugh. While spring rlls ____46____ (serve) in many places, the classic versin can be fund in the busy street markets, ____47____ they are made fresh n the spt and prvided straight frm the fryer. Gd spring rlls have a light crust, allwing them ____48____ (pick) up easily withut breaking r becming unpleasantly wet. The filling is carefully seasned ____49____ (guarantee) a harmnius blend f tastes and textures (口感).
N matter where I get them, ne is rarely enugh, but tw r three might be t much, s I am always left ____50____ (lk) frward t my next spring rll experience.
【答案】41. f 42. chices
43. typically
44. whether
45. its 46. are served
47. where 48. t be picked
49. t guarantee
50. lking
【解析】
【导语】本文为说明文，主要介绍了春卷这种食物的特色、制作方法、食用方式以及它在人们饮食中的受欢迎程度。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：春卷，那些金黄色的油酥面团的美味，里面混合了像白菜、胡萝卜，有时还有肉等切碎的蔬菜，是作为快捷美味小吃的最受欢迎的选择之一。这里需要一个介词来连接a mix和finely chpped vegetables，表示“由……组成的混合物”，a mix f是一个常见的表达方式，用于描述某种物品是由多种不同的元素或成分混合而成的。故填f。
【42题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：春卷，那些金黄色的油酥面团的美味，里面混合了像白菜、胡萝卜，有时还有肉等切碎的蔬菜，是作为快捷美味小吃的最受欢迎的选择之一。表达“最受欢迎的选择之一”，这里需要用名词chice“选择”的复数形式，表示多个选择。故填chices。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：这些春卷被炸得恰到好处，吃起来非常脆，通常在热的时候食用。本空用副词typically“通常地”，修饰eaten，作状语。故填typically。
【44题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：吃春卷时，你必须决定是否先将其蘸入酸甜酱中，增加一层额外的味道，还是直接享受其本身的味道，让春卷自身的味道透出。句子中提到了两种选择：一种是蘸着甜酸酱吃，另一种是单吃春卷，用固定句型“是……还是……”。故填whether。
【45题详解】
考查形容词性物主代词。句意：吃春卷时，你必须决定是否先将其蘸入酸甜酱中，增加一层额外的味道，还是直接享受其本身的味道，让春卷自身的味道透出。本空用形容词性物主代词its“它的”，修饰wn，构成短语n its wn，表示“独自地，靠自己”。故填its。
【46题详解】
考查动词语态、主谓一致。句意：虽然春卷在很多地方都有供应，但经典版本可以在繁忙的街头市场找到，那里现场新鲜制作并直接从油炸锅中提供。本句陈述事实，故时态用一般现在时，且主语spring rlls与动词serve“供应，提供”为被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数，谓语用动词原形。故填are served。
【47题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：虽然春卷在很多地方都有供应，但经典版本可以在繁忙的街头市场找到，那里现场新鲜制作并直接从油炸锅中提供。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the busy street markets，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
【48题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：好的春卷有一层薄薄的外壳，可以轻松拿起而不会破裂或不愉快地变湿。allw sb/sth t d sth“允许某人/某物做某事”，固定搭配，且them指代Gd spring rlls，与pick up“拿起”为被动关系，用不定式的被动语态。故填t be picked。
【49题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：馅料经过精心调味，以确保口味和口感的和谐融合。本句谓语为is seasned，此处为非谓语动词，本空用guarantee“保证”的不定式t guarantee，作目的状语。故填t guarantee。
【50题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：无论我在哪里买到它们，一个往往是不够的，但两个或三个可能太多，所以我总是期待着下一次吃春卷的经历。本句谓语为am left，此处为非谓语动词，leave sb. ding sth“让某人做某事”，本空用lk的现在分词，作主语I的补足语。故填lking。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 35 分）
第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。
I used t being scared f heights, but last week’s climbing trip make a real change in me. On that trip, ur guide, Mr. Lee, shwed us the safety tls and hw t use it. The rpes and ther equipments seemed cmplicated and scary at first. Mr. Lee explained us the prper techniques r gave us tips n hw t vercme ur fears. He als shared sme stries f his past climbs, what was entertaining. Nw, I find myself be fascinated by thse twering cliffs and the view frm abve. In the mrning, when I d the hike t a tp f the hill near my huse, the feeling f accmplishment becmes much rewarding t me.
【答案】
1.being→ be
2. make→ made
3.it→ them
4. equipment→ equipment
5. us前加t
6.r→ and
7. what→ which
8. was→ were
9 be→ being
10. a→ the
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者通过一次攀岩经历克服了恐高心理障碍，并且开始欣赏高处的风景，感受到成就感的故事。
【详解】1.考查固定搭配。句意：我以前恐高，但上周的攀岩之旅让我有了真正的改变。used t d sth. 为固定搭配，意为“过去常常做某事”，t后用动词原形。故将being改为be。
2.考查时态。句意：同上。根据last week’s可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，时态应用一般过去时，谓语用make的过去式made。故将make改为made。
3.考查代词。句意：在那次旅行中，我们的向导李先生向我们展示了安全工具以及如何使用它们。此处指代前面的the safety tls，为复数形式，应用代词them“它们”。故将it改为them。
4.考查名词。句意：绳索和其他设备起初看起来既复杂又可怕。equipment“设备”是不可数名词，没有复数形式。故将equipments改为equipment。
5.考查介词。句意：李先生向我们解释了正确的技巧，并给了我们克服恐惧的建议。explain sth. t sb. 为固定搭配，意为“向某人解释某事”，其中t为介词。故在us前加t。
6.考查连词。句意：同上。explained和gave为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故将r改为and。
7.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：他还分享了他过去攀登的一些故事，这很有趣。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是stries，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用which引导。故将what改为which。
8.考查主谓一致。句意：他还分享了他过去攀登的一些故事，这很有趣。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是stries，关系词which代替先行词在从句中作主语，系动词用were。故将was改为were。
9.考查现在分词。句意：现在，我发现自己被那些高耸的悬崖和从上面看到的景色所吸引。find sb. ding sth.“发现某人正在做某事”，此处应使用动名词的被动式作宾补，表示“被吸引”的状态。故将be改为being。
10.考查冠词。句意：早上，当我徒步到我家附近山顶的时候，成就感对我来说变得更加值得了。特指我家附近的那个山顶，应用定冠词the。故将a改为the。
第二节 书面表达 (满分 25 分)
52. 自 1996 年起，我国将每年的 6 月 6 日设为“全国爱眼日”。你校将以六月六日全国爱眼日为主题，举办英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1. 简述当下青少年的视力状况；
2. 简析上述状况背后的原因；
3. 介绍护眼小妙招。
注意：1. 词数 100 左右；2. 题目已为你写好。
Prtect Our Eyes
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Prtect Our Eyes
Nwadays, it is becming increasingly cmmn that mre and mre students wear glasses due t shrt sightedness.
With the develpment f technlgy, students are prvided with mre electrnic devices. Firstly, students spend mre time than ever n electrnic devices fr entertainment, including vide games and scial media. Secndly, nline curses have becme mre ppular and many students spend much time in frnt f the screen. As a result, there has been a sharp visual impairment in their eyes.
S prtecting ur eyes is very imprtant. T begin with, we shuld nt use eyes fr a lng time. Secndly, we shuld keep a distance f ne ft when reading bks. Thirdly, insist ding health care eyes very day. Finally, The situatin culd be imprved if students manage their time n the electrnic devices and take regular breaks while using them.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校将以六月六日全国爱眼日为主题，举办英语征文比赛，要求考生按照要求写一篇短文投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
由于：due t→ because f
发展，进步：develpment→ advancement
娱乐：entertainment→ recreatin
急剧的：sharp→ steep
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Firstly, students spend mre time than ever n electrnic devices fr entertainment, including vide games and scial media.
拓展句：Firstly, students spend mre time than ever n electrnic devices fr entertainment, which include vide games and scial media.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Nwadays, it is becming increasingly cmmn that mre and mre students wear glasses due t shrt sightedness.（运用了it作形式主语、that引导的主语从句）
【高分句型2】Secndly, we shuld keep a distance f ne ft when reading bks.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句的省略）