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河南省名校联盟2023-2024学年高二下学期5月联考英语试题（学生版+教师版）
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这是一份河南省名校联盟2023-2024学年高二下学期5月联考英语试题（学生版+教师版），文件包含河南省名校联盟2023-2024学年高二下学期5月联考英语试题教师版docx、河南省名校联盟2023-2024学年高二下学期5月联考英语试题学生版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共34页， 欢迎下载使用。
全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2. 请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3. 选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑;非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答;字体工整，笔迹清楚。
4. 考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并上交。
5. 本卷主要考查内容：北师大版选择性必修第三册，选择性必修第四册，必修第一册。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. Where des the man plan t g this year?
A. Asia. B. Suth America. C. Eurpe.
2. What des the wman ask the man t d?
A. Sit in Rw 5. B. Clean the flr. C. Dry glass bttles.
3. When will the speakers get t Grace’s huse?
A. At 6:30. B. At 6:50. C. At 7:00.
4. What des the wman mean?
A. She missed the speech.
B. She lst her way t the train statin.
C. She culdn’t understand what the lecturer said.
5. Wh is the man cmplaining abut?
A. His bss. B. A c-wrker. C. The wman.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Hw many languages can the man speak fluently nw?
A. Fur. B. Six. C. Tw.
7. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Interviewer and interviewee.
B. Waiter and custmer.
C. Teacher and student.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What did the wman prbably lk like in the past?
A. She wre glasses. B. She had brwn hair. C. She was verweight.
9. What d we knw abut the wman?
A. She is a dctr. B. She has tw children. C. She gt married last year.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Which cuntry des Li Dng cme frm?
A. China. B. America. C. Germany.
11. Why did Li Dng decide t study Chinese medicine?
A. T learn Chinese culture.
B. T fllw in his parents’ ftsteps.
C. T make up fr Western medicine.
12. What did Li Dng find mst difficult t get used t?
A. The weather. B. The language. C. The living habit.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What are the special bards used fr?
A. Prducing energy. B. Cvering buildings. C. Keeping sunshine ut.
14. Where are the gardens?
A. In the backyards. B. On the rfs. C. Next t the wrk statins.
15. Hw will Mlly g hme tday?
A. By bus. B. By bike. C. By car.
16. What des Mlly say abut BedZED?
A. It is envirnment-friendly.
B. There’s much parking space.
C. The public transprtatin is pr.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17 Hw lng culd the film last at mst?
A. 12 minutes. B. 11 minutes. C. 8 minutes.
18. What kind f films are required this year?
A. Cmedy B. Hrrr. C. Drama.
19. What is the tpic f the films this year?
A. The family. B. The weather. C. Changes in a day.
20. What is the speaker mainly talking abut?
A. Steps f making a film. B. Best films ver the years. C. A film-making cmpetitin.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Flating Markets in Bangkk, Thailand
One might feel as thugh they are entering a different wrld upn visiting a Thai flating market. While sme cuntries in Asia have their wn flating markets, nne cmpare t Thailand’s, and the special experience is ne yu cannt miss while visiting the cuntry.
Lng-tail bats, ancient and traditinal huses, and shuting vendrs (商贩) are the majr elements f flating markets in Bangkk. They are excellent ptins fr experiencing the unusual culture and life f Thailand. Here are the tp 8 flating markets in Bangkk, where yu can experience the chatic and charming atmsphere.
1. Which flating market nly pens n weekends with the shrtest pening hurs?
A. Taling Chan.B. Bang Phli.
C. Bang Nam Pheung.D. Khlng Lat Maym.
2. What is the unique characteristic f the market clsest t Bangkk?
A. Delicius Thai fd.B. Numerus temple buildings.
C. Varius massage services.D. The traditinal cuntryside life.
3. Which statement abut Wat Sai is crrect?
A. It is influenced by Chinese cultural elements.
B. Its number f pen days in a week is the largest.
C. It is the centre f cultural exchange arund the wrld.
D. It is a must-see turist destinatin fr Chinese turists.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了泰国曼谷八个水上市场的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Saturday—Sunday”可知Taling Chan、Bangkhla、Bang Nam Pheung和Khlng Lat Maym符合仅在周末开放，其中Bang Nam Pheung营业时间最短，是从8: 30 a.m.到5 p.m.。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Distance frm Dwntwn Bangkk部分内容可知，Taling Chan距离曼谷最近，根据相应Features部分“Temples, massages (按摩) n bats, ft massages under trees(寺庙，船上按摩，树下足底按摩)”可知，各种各样的按摩是其主要特色。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Wat Sai相应Features部分“A mixture f Chinese culture and Thai culture (中国文化和泰国文化的融合)”可知，Wat Sai受到中国文化元素的影响。故选A。
B
A wman in Lakewd, Washingtn, wanted t find a by wh left $5 and a heartbreaking aplgy nte n her drstep. On Friday, Marie fund this nte frm “Jake”:
“I am srry that I tk yur butterfly wind chimes (风铃) withut yur permissin. My mum died and she liked butterflies s I tk them t put by ur windw. Nw I feel terrible fr my past behaviur. I am srry. This is the nly mney I have. Please d nt be mad at me.”
Mari e tld KCPQ she was nt mad and wanted t find Jake t return his $5. “I wanted t cry because apparently he felt bad fr what he had dne. And I think he might be scared,” she tld the statin. Marie said she knws stealing is immral, but she is sympathetic t the child. “I’m nt agreeing with the stealing act but he did try t make up fr what he had dne. I lst my mum at a yung age s I really make sense f his feeling and knw hw hard it is,” she said.
Marie wanted t find Jake, nt t punish him, but t return his mney fr his hnesty. Marie mved t the neighburhd tw mnths ag and didn’t knw many peple there, which made tracking dwn Jake difficult.
In rder t find the by, she turned t Facebk. Almst a week later, her Facebk pst gt much attentin frm scial media, but she still didn’t hear frm the by. Marie said she wanted Jake t knw that she had n intentin f embarrassing r scaring him by asking him t reveal himself. She als said she was willing t help Jake with his schling if she culd find him.
4. Why did Jake feel srry?
A. He caught butterflies in Marie’s garden.B. He stle five dllars frm a wman.
C. He lst smething brrwed frm Marie.D. He tk Marie’s wind chimes withut permissin.
5. What d Marie and Jake have in cmmn?
A. Their mums liked butterflies.B. They lst their mums in childhd.
C. They cllected wind chimes.D. They tk smething f neighburs.
6. What makes it hard fr Marie t find Jake?
A. Her neighburs’ unwillingness t help her.
B. Her cnsiderable shyness.
C. Her annuncement t punish the by.
D. Her being unfamiliar with the neighburhd.
7. Which f the fllwing can best describe Marie?
A. Kind and sympathetic.B. Devted and caring.
C. Generus and humble.D. Hnest and careful.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述一名男孩因为过世的妈妈喜欢蝴蝶而偷走了玛丽家门口的蝴蝶风铃并把风铃挂在窗口，为此他留下五美元和一封道歉信，玛丽很受感动并试图找到这名男孩，想告诉男孩，她理解男孩的感受，会保护他的身份并提出要帮助男孩的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“I am srry that I tk yur butterfly wind chimes withut yur permissin. (我很抱歉，我没有得到你的允许就拿了你的蝴蝶风铃)”可知，小男孩道歉的原因是他没有经过允许就拿走了玛丽的风铃。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“My mum died and she liked butterflies s I tk them t put by ur windw.(我妈妈去世了，她喜欢蝴蝶，所以我把它们放在我们的窗边。) ”以及第三段最后一句“I lst my mum at a yung age s I really make sense f his feeling and knw hw hard it is(我很小的时候就失去了妈妈，所以我真的能理解他的感受，也知道这有多难)”可知，Marie小的时候就没有了妈妈，这个情况和Jake是一样的。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Marie wanted t find Jake, nt t punish him, but t return his mney fr his hnesty. Marie mved t the neighburhd tw mnths ag and didn’t knw many peple there, which made tracking dwn Jake difficult.(玛丽想找到杰克，不是为了惩罚他，而是为了还他诚实的钱。玛丽两个月前搬到这个社区，在那里认识的人不多，所以很难找到杰克)”可知，玛丽找不到杰克是因为她最近刚刚搬家到这里，她对这里的居民都很不熟悉。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Marie said she wanted Jake t knw that she had n intentin f embarrassing r scaring him by asking him t reveal himself. She als said she was willing t help Jake with his schling if she culd find him.(玛丽说，她想让杰克知道，她并不想让他暴露自己的身份，让他感到尴尬或害怕。她还说，如果她能找到杰克，她愿意帮助他学习)”可知，玛丽想保护杰克的身份，说明玛丽善良，想帮助杰克学习，说明玛丽富有同情心。由此推断出玛丽是个善良而富有同情心的人。故选A。
C
Hawaii lawmakers are cnsidering legislatin (立法) that wuld require visitrs t pay fr a year-lng license r pass t visit state parks. Jsh Green is the state’s gvernr. He said, “We get between 9 and 10 millin visitrs a year, but we nly have 1.4 millin peple living here.” He added, “Thse 10 millin travellers shuld be helping us sustain ur envirnment.” Lawmakers still debating hw much they wuld charge.
The gvernr campaigned in 2022 n the idea f having all turists pay a $50 fee t enter the state. Legislatrs think this wuld vilate US cnstitutinal prtectins fr free travel. They instead think visitrs shuld pay t enter parks and trails. Either plicy wuld be a first f its kind fr any US state. Hawaii’s leaders are fllwing the example f ther ppular turist areas with similar fees r taxes. They include Venice, Italy, and Ecuadr’s Galapags Islands.
Hawaii State Representative Sean Quinlan is the leader f the Huse Turism Cmmittee. He said changes in the activities f travellers are part f Hawaii’s push. He said glf runds per visitr per day have drpped 30 percent ver the past 10 years while hiking has increased50 percent. Peple are als seeking ut islated places they have seen n scial media. The state des nt have the mney t versee and prtect all these places he said.
Mst state parks and trails are currently free. Sme f the mst ppular nes already charge, like Diamnd Head State Mnument. That trail leads hikers frm the flr f a 300,000-year-ld vlcan up t the tp. It gets 1 millin visitrs each year and csts $5fr each traveller.
A bill currently befre the legislature wuld require visitrs ver the age f 15t buy a yearly pass t visit frests, parks, trails r “ther natural area n state land”. Peple wh live in Hawaii wuld nt need t pay.
8. What des the underlined wrd “vilate” mean in Paragraph 2?
A. Break.B. Establish.C. Uphld.D. Perfect.
9. What is Paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A. The decreasing number f turists t Hawaii.
B. Advantages f Hawaii’s turism resurces.
C. The increasing financial burden f Hawaii.
D. One reasn fr wanting t charge turists.
10. What can be cncluded frm the text?
A. Nne f the attractins in Hawaii charge fees currently.
B. The gal t charge fees is t limit the number f turists.
C. Lawmakers are arguing abut whether charging fees is legal.
D. Charging fees is beneficial fr Hawaii’s natural envirnment.
11. What is the text?
A. A news reprt.B. A travel guide.
C. A law textbk.D. A prmtinal brchure.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章报道了夏威夷州正在考虑立法，要求游客支付费用以访问州立公园的新闻。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据前文“The gvernr campaigned in 2022 n the idea f having all turists pay a $50 fee t enter the state.(这位州长在2022年的竞选中提出，所有游客进入该州都要支付50美元的费用)”以及后文“US cnstitutinal prtectins fr free travel(美国宪法对自由旅行的保护)”可知，州长想要所有游客进入该州都要支付50美元的费用，应是违反了美国宪法对自由旅行的保护，推知vilate意为“违反”，和A项意思相近。故选A项。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Hawaii State Representative Sean Quinlan is the leader f the Huse Turism Cmmittee. He said changes in the activities f travellers are part f Hawaii’s push. He said glf runds per visitr per day have drpped 30 percent ver the past 10 years while hiking has increased50 percent. Peple are als seeking ut islated places they have seen n scial media. The state des nt have the mney t versee and prtect all these places, he said.(夏威夷州众议员肖恩·昆兰(Sean Quinlan)是众议院旅游委员会的领导人。他说，游客活动的变化是夏威夷推动的一部分。他说，在过去10年里，每个游客每天打高尔夫球的次数下降了30%，而徒步旅行的次数增加了50%。人们也在寻找他们在社交媒体上看到的与世隔绝的地方。他说，国家没有足够的资金来监督和保护所有这些地方)”可知，本段主要讲述了夏威夷想要向游客收费的原因，即游客的活动变化给夏威夷带来了财政负担，而收费可以缓解这种负担。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Jsh Green is the state’s gvernr. He said, “We get between 9 and 10 millin visitrs a year, but we nly have 1.4 millin peple living here.” He added, “Thse 10 millin travellers shuld be helping us sustain ur envirnment.” Lawmakers still debating hw much they wuld charge.(乔希·格林(Jsh Green)是该州州长。他说：“我们每年接待900万到1000万游客，但我们这里只有140万人口。”他补充说：“这1000万游客应该帮助我们维持环境。”议员们仍在争论他们将收取多少费用)”以及第二段“Hawaii’s leaders are fllwing the example f ther ppular turist areas with similar fees r taxes.(夏威夷的领导人正在效仿其他热门旅游区，征收类似的费用或税收)”可知，文中提到夏威夷的领导人在效仿其他受欢迎的旅游地区收取类似的费用或税收，目的是帮助维持和保护自然环境。因此，可以得出结论，收费对夏威夷的自然环境是有益的。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Hawaii lawmakers are cnsidering legislatin (立法) that wuld require visitrs t pay fr a year-lng license r pass t visit state parks. Jsh Green is the state’s gvernr. He said, “We get between 9 and 10 millin visitrs a year, but we nly have 1.4 millin peple living here.” He added, “Thse 10 millin travellers shuld be helping us sustain ur envirnment.” Lawmakers still debating hw much they wuld charge.(夏威夷立法者正在考虑立法，要求游客购买一年的许可证或通行证才能参观州立公园。乔希·格林(Jsh Green)是该州州长。他说：“我们每年接待900万到1000万游客，但我们这里只有140万人口。”他补充说：“这1000万游客应该帮助我们维持环境。”议员们仍在争论他们将收取多少费用)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要报道了夏威夷立法者正在考虑立法要求游客为参观州立公园购买年票或通行证，属于新闻报道类文章。故选A项。
D
Why d farmers grw crps utside in fields when we can arrange them vertically (垂直地)? The idea f vertical farming was first prpsed in 1999. It was seen as a way t save space, reduce air miles and transfrm ld and abandned buildings, like warehuses. In 2021, Frtune Business Insights valued the glbal vertical farming market at 3.47 billin dllars. Nw, hwever, this industry is under threat, partly due t rising energy csts.
Accrding t the magazine Science Fcus, vertical farming gives ten times the yield (产量) f cnventinal utdr farming. Hwever, in rder fr crps t grw using this methd, plants are placed in a cntrlled envirnment, grwn nt under the Sun, but under LED lights and watered with recycled water pumped n a clsed-lp system (闭环系统).
Unfrtunately, energy prices have risen acrss the glbe. Therefre, this reliance n electricity has meant the last few years have nt been easy fr the industry. Cindy van Rijswick, frm the Dutch research firm RabResearch, has estimated that peratinal csts fr a vertical farm are arund 15% higher nw cmpared t 18 mnths ag. Infarm, Eurpe’s largest vertical farming cmpany, made arund500 emplyees redundant (被裁员的) in Nvember 2022 because they needed t dwnsize. They blamed higher perating csts due t energy increases as ne reasn fr the layffs.
Anther issue related t the cst-f -living crisis and affecting vertical farming is the type f prduce grwn. This includes herbs such as basil, as well as salad leaves and leafy greens. Cmpared t traditinally farmed plants, like nins and carrts, these prducts tend t be mre expensive, which culd lead t reduced demand as cnsumers becme mre cautius abut their spending.
S, it seems that a future with fd grwn under LED lights is lking less and less bright.
12. What is the feature f vertical farming?
A. Saving urban land and achieving zer emissins.
B. Demanding highly technical and cmplex cntrl.
C. High energy cnsumptin and lw utput value.
D. Making full use f sunlight and water resurces.
13. Hw des the authr develp his idea in Paragraph 3?
A. By making assumptins.
B. By criticizing a typical behaviur.
C. By listing specific data and facts.
D. By referring t a scial phenmenn.
14. What can we infer frm the text?
A Vertical farming avids climate and disaster impacts.
B. Vertical farming csts jumped due t higher energy prices.
C. Vertical farming grws high-value, cst-effective prduce.
D. High yield prtects vertical farming frm market cmpetitin.
15. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A. Is This the End f Vertical Farming?B. Is Vertical Farming Highly Efficient?
C. Challenges Industrial Agriculture FacesD. New Trends in Vertical Agriculture
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕垂直农业这一新兴农业形式进行了深入的探讨，介绍了其背景、特点、市场价值，以及当前面临的挑战，特别是能源成本上升对其造成的影响。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The idea f vertical farming was first prpsed in 1999. It was seen as a way t save space, reduce air miles and transfrm ld and abandned buildings, like warehuses.(垂直农业的想法最早是在1999年提出的。它被视为一种节省空间、减少飞行里程、改造仓库等旧建筑和废弃建筑的方法)”可知，垂直农业的特点是节约城市用地，实现零排放。故选A项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Unfrtunately, energy prices have risen acrss the glbe. Therefre, this reliance n electricity has meant the last few years have nt been easy fr the industry. Cindy van Rijswick, frm the Dutch research firm RabResearch, has estimated that peratinal csts fr a vertical farm are arund 15% higher nw cmpared t 18 mnths ag. Infarm, Eurpe’s largest vertical farming cmpany, made arund500 emplyees redundant (被裁员的) in Nvember 2022 because they needed t dwnsize. They blamed higher perating csts due t energy increases as ne reasn fr the layffs.(不幸的是，全球能源价格都在上涨。因此，对电力的依赖意味着过去几年对该行业来说并不容易。荷兰研究公司RabResearch的辛迪·范·瑞斯维克(Cindy van Rijswick)估计，与18个月前相比，垂直农场的运营成本现在高出了15%左右。欧洲最大的垂直农业公司Infarm在2022年11月裁员约500人，因为他们需要缩小规模。他们认为，能源价格上涨导致的运营成本上升是裁员的原因之一)”可推知，本段主要通过列举具体的数据和事实来阐述作者的观点，比如全球能源价格上涨，以及Infarm公司裁员等实际情况，从而说明垂直农业面临的挑战。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Unfrtunately, energy prices have risen acrss the glbe. Therefre, this reliance n electricity has meant the last few years have nt been easy fr the industry. Cindy van Rijswick, frm the Dutch research firm RabResearch, has estimated that peratinal csts fr a vertical farm are arund 15% higher nw cmpared t 18 mnths ag. Infarm, Eurpe’s largest vertical farming cmpany, made arund500 emplyees redundant (被裁员的) in Nvember 2022 because they needed t dwnsize. They blamed higher perating csts due t energy increases as ne reasn fr the layffs.(不幸的是，全球能源价格都在上涨。因此，对电力的依赖意味着过去几年对该行业来说并不容易。荷兰研究公司RabResearch的辛迪·范·瑞斯维克(Cindy van Rijswick)估计，与18个月前相比，垂直农场的运营成本现在高出了15%左右。欧洲最大的垂直农业公司Infarm在2022年11月裁员约500人，因为他们需要缩小规模。他们认为，能源价格上涨导致的运营成本上升是裁员的原因之一)”可知，全球能源价格上涨，这导致垂直农业成本大幅增加，同时指出Infarm公司因为运营成本上升而进行裁员。故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Why d farmers grw crps utside in fields when we can arrange them vertically (垂直地)? The idea f vertical farming was first prpsed in 1999. It was seen as a way t save space, reduce air miles and transfrm ld and abandned buildings, like warehuses. In 2021, Frtune Business Insights valued the glbal vertical farming market at 3．47 billin dllars. Nw, hwever, this industry is under threat, partly due t rising energy csts.(既然可以垂直种植，为什么农民还要在室外种植呢?垂直农业的想法最早是在1999年提出的。它被视为一种节省空间、减少飞行里程、改造仓库等旧建筑和废弃建筑的方法。2021年，《财富商业洞察》对全球垂直农业市场的估值为34.7亿美元。然而，现在这个行业正面临威胁，部分原因是能源成本上升)”以及纵观全文可知，文章主要讨论了垂直农业面临的挑战和困境，特别是能源成本上升对垂直农业的影响，以及消费者对高成本产品的谨慎态度。由此可知，A项“Is This the End f Vertical Farming?(这是垂直农业的终结吗？)”适合作本文最佳标题。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Fungi (真菌) play an imprtant rle in ecsystems, are a surce f fd, and make key cntributins t the wrld f medicine. ____16____
An estimated tw millin fungal species — mre than 90% f all fungi — have yet t be described by science, accrding t a science reprter. ____17____ Scientists are trying t find ut mre abut this largely unexplred wrld, but it is challenging. Dr Martyn Ainswrth, a senir researcher frm Ryal Btanic Gardens, Kew, in Lndn, says, “We can grw a certain number in the lab. ____18____ This has held back a lt f research.”
____19____ “A lt f peple are afraid f pisnus mushrms,” says Dr Jassy Drakulic, a plant pathlgist, “but nly a very small prprtin f the thusands f species f fungi in the wrld can cause disease.” Mst are harmless and ften beneficial, called by sme “the hidden helpers f ur envirnment”. Sme fungi prvide fd and shelter fr wildlife, help plants absrb water and nutrients and recycle waste and dead matter. Other types f fungi grw n the rts f trees and plants, frming a huge undergrund netwrk that helps nurish trees. ____20____
S, next time yu add mushrms t yur dinner, take a painkiller fr a headache, r g fr a walk thrugh the wds, remember t thank the living things that made it all pssible — fungi.
A. Are mushrms a type f fungus?
B. S, why d we knw s little abut them?
C. Wetlands are imprtant because they prvide fd and shelter fr wildlife.
D. The fact that we knw s little abut fungi leads us t misunderstand them.
E. “Fungi are really the behind-the-scenes team ding all the wrk,” adds Dr Ainswrth.
F. But there is a whle hst f fungi that we cannt grw in the lab.
G. In the UK, there are arund 25,000 species f fungi — five r six times mre than plants.
【答案】16. B 17. G 18. F 19. D 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了真菌的作用。
【16题详解】
上文“Fungi (真菌) play an imprtant rle in ecsystems, are a surce f fd, and make key cntributins t the wrld f medicine.( 真菌在生态系统中发挥着重要作用，是食物的来源，并为医学界做出了重要贡献)”提到真菌的重要作用，下文“An estimated tw millin fungal specie — mre than 90% f all fungi — have yet t be described by science(估计有200万种真菌——占所有真菌的90%以上——尚未被科学描述)”提到90%以上的真菌尚未被科学描述，B项“那么，为什么我们对它们知之甚少呢？”承上启下，B项中it指代上文中的“Fungi”，故选B。
【17题详解】
根据上文“An estimated tw millin fungal specie — mre than 90% f all fungi — have yet t be described by science(估计有200万种真菌——占所有真菌的90%以上——尚未被科学描述)”可知，估计有200万种真菌尚未被科学描述，G项“在英国，大约有25000种真菌，是植物的5到6倍”承接上文，进一步描述真菌的庞大数量，故选G。
【18题详解】
上文“We can grw a certain number in the lab.(我们可以在实验室里培育一定数量的植物)”提到可以在实验室里培育一定数量的植物，结合下文“This has held back a lt f research.(这阻碍了很多研究)”可知，空处应是提及阻碍研究的因素，F项“但是有很多真菌是我们无法在实验室里培养的”符合语境，故选F。
【19题详解】
根据下文“‘A lt f peple are afraid f pisnus mushrms,’ says Dr Jassy Drakulic, a plant pathlgist, ‘but nly a very small prprtin f the thusands f species f fungi in the wrld can cause disease.’(植物病理学家Jassy Drakulic博士说：‘很多人都害怕有毒的蘑菇，但在世界上成千上万种真菌中，只有很小一部分会致病。’)”可知，真菌被人们误解，D项“我们对真菌知之甚少，这使我们对它们产生了误解”符合语境，故选D。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Other types f fungi grw n the rts f trees and plants, frming a huge undergrund netwrk that helps nurish trees.(其他种类的真菌生长在树木和植物的根部，形成一个巨大的地下网络，帮助滋养树木)”可知，真菌生长在树木和植物的根部，形成一个巨大的地下网络，帮助滋养树木，E项“‘真菌确实是幕后团队，完成了所有的工作，’Ainswrth博士补充道”总结上文真菌的作用，E项“behind-the-scenes”呼应上文“a huge undergrund netwrk”，真菌在地下形成巨大的网络，是幕后团队，故选E。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Eric Mussambani is the first swimmer frm Equatrial Guinea t cmpete in the Olympics. He fund his passin fr swimming shrtly after high schl. At the time, he didn’t knw hw t ____21____, but he knew it was a sprt he wanted t ____22____.
Unfrtunately, there were n ____23____ swimming pls in his cuntry. ____24____, he fund a htel pl where he culd nly swim three hurs a week. When he culdn’t ____25____ the pl, he trained in rivers and the sea, with the lcal fishermen ____26____ him n hw t use his legs and arms.
After abut eight mnths f swimming, Eric gained ____27____ int the 2000 Summer Olympics thrugh a prgramme designed t ____28____ sprts develpment in develping cuntries.
In Sydney, Eric saw an Olympic-size swimming pl fr the first time. It was s big that Eric said he was s ____29____ t cmpete in it. In ____30____ his event, Eric trained at the same time with the US team and tk the pprtunity t ____31____ their techniques clsely.
On September 19, 2000, Eric stepped ut fr the men’s 100-metre freestyle cmpetitin. “I swam the first 50 metres really well,” said Eric. After turning fr the secnd length, hwever, Eric fund his legs stiffened (变僵硬). “It was then I heard the crwd shuting, encuraging me t g. It gave me the ____32____ t make it t the end.” Eric ____33____ the race with a time f 1:52.72, the ____34____ recrded time in Olympic histry. But the audience did nt care. They ____35____ him as if he had brken the wrld recrd.
21. A. swimB. cmpeteC. participateD. apply
22. A. riskB. prmteC. pursueD. cntinue
23. A. cleanB. perfectC. similarD. standard
24. A. EventuallyB. StrangelyC. NaturallyD. Certainly
25. A. reachB. discverC. rentD. use
26. A. cngratulatingB. guidingC. fcusingD. pinting
27. A. entryB. abilityC. experienceD. right
28. A. slveB. prtectC. awardD. encurage
29. A. interestedB. frightenedC. embarrassedD. disappinted
30. A. fighting frB. lking frC. preparing frD. answering fr
31. A. adjustB. studyC. dubtD. benefit
32. A. frtuneB. wayC. strengthD. gratitude
33. A. expandedB. finishedC. estimatedD. revealed
34. A. slwestB. earliestC. highestD. timeliest
35. A. releasedB. leftC. tleratedD. cheered
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了赤道几内亚的游泳选手Eric Mussambani通过自己决不放弃的精神，参加2000年悉尼奥运会的100m游泳比赛并赢得人们敬意的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时，他不知道如何游泳，但他知道这是他想要追求的运动。A. swim游泳；B. cmpete竞争；C. participate参加；D. apply应用。根据上文“He fund his passin fr swimming shrtly after high schl”可知，在那个时候他不知道怎么游泳。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时，他不知道如何游泳，但他知道这是他想要追求的运动。A. risk冒……的危险；B. prmte提升；C. pursue追求；D. cntinue继续。根据下文“he fund a htel pl where he culd nly swim three hurs a week”可知，他虽然不知道怎么游泳，但是后来还是练习游泳，说明这是他想要追求的运动。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，他的国家没有标准的游泳池。A. clean干净的；B. perfect完美的；C. similar类似的；D. standard标准的。根据下文“he fund a htel pl”可知，他的国家没有标准的游泳池。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，他找到了一个旅馆的游泳池，在那里他每周只能游三个小时。A. Eventually最后；B. Strangely奇怪的是；C. Naturally自然地；D. Certainly当然。根据下文“he fund a htel pl where he culd nly swim three hurs a week”可知，最后，他找到了一个旅馆的游泳池。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他不能使用游泳池时，他在河里和海里训练，由当地渔民指导他如何使用腿和手臂。A. reach到达；B. discver发现；C. rent租；D. use使用。根据下文“he trained in rivers and the sea”可知，当他不能使用游泳池时，他就会在河里和海里训练。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他不能使用游泳池时，他在河里和海里训练，由当地渔民指导他如何使用腿和手臂。A. cngratulating祝贺；B. guiding指导；C. fcusing集中，关注；D. pinting指。根据下文“n hw t use his legs and arms”可知，当地的渔民指导他如何用腿和手臂。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过大约八个月的游泳训练，埃里克通过一个旨在鼓励发展中国家体育发展的项目获得了2000年夏季奥运会的参赛资格。A. entry参赛；B. ability能力；C. experience经验；D. right权利。根据下文“the 2000 Summer Olympics”可知，他获得了2000年夏季奥运会的参赛资格。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过大约八个月的游泳训练，Eric通过一个旨在鼓励发展中国家体育发展的项目获得了2000年夏季奥运会的参赛资格。A. slve解决；B. prtect保护；C. award授予，颁发；D. encurage鼓励。根据下文“sprts develpment in develping cuntries”可知，那个项目旨在鼓励发展中国家的体育发展。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它太大了，Eric说他很害怕在里面比赛。A. interested感兴趣的；B. frightened害怕的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. disappinted失望的。根据上文“It was s big”可知，那个游泳池太大了，他说他害怕在里面比赛。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了准备这次比赛，Eric与美国队同时训练，并借此机会近距离学习他们的技术。A. fighting fr争取；B. lking fr寻找；C. preparing fr为准备；D. answering fr对……负责。根据下文“Eric trained at the same time with the US team”可知，他训练，也就是在为比赛做准备。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了准备这次比赛，Eric与美国队同时训练，并借此机会近距离学习他们的技术。A. adjust调整；B. study学习；C. dubt怀疑；D. benefit使受益。根据上文“Eric trained at the same time with the US team and tk the pprtunity t”和下文“their techniques clsely”可知，他跟美国队同时训练，就借这个机会学习人家的技术。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它给了我坚持到最后的力量。A. frtune时运，命运；B. way方法；C. strength力量；D. gratitude感激。根据上文“It was then I heard the crwd shuting, encuraging me t g”可知，观众在大喊，鼓励他，所以这给了他坚持到最后的力量。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Eric以1分52秒72的成绩结束了比赛，这是奥运会历史上最慢的记录。A. expanded扩大；B. finished完成，使结束；C. estimated估计；D. revealed揭示。根据下文“with a time f 1:52.72”可知，他以1分52秒72的成绩结束了比赛。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Eric以1分52秒72的成绩结束了比赛，这是奥运会历史上最慢的记录。A. slwest最慢的；B. earliest最早的；C. highest最高的；D. timeliest最及时的。根据下文“But the audience did nt care”可知，这个成绩并不好，是奥运会历史上最慢的记录，但是观众并不在乎。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们向他欢呼，好像他打破了世界纪录似的。A. released释放；B. left离开；C. tlerated忍受；D. cheered欢呼。根据下文“as if he had brken the wrld recrd”可知，观众向他欢呼，好像他打破了世界纪录似的。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The United Natins Educatinal, Scientific and Cultural Organizatin (UNESCO) established 23 April ____36____ Wrld Bk and Cpyright Day in 1995．Hwever, it gt its start lng befre that in Spain.
Setting aside a day t celebrate bks traces its beginnings t Spanish writer Vicente Clavel Andrés. In 1922 he prpsed ____37____ idea as a way t hnur Miguel de Cervantes. It was fur years later ____38____ the first celebratin tk place n 7 Octber, Cervantes’ birthday, but it was mved t 23 April, the date f his death, in 1930．
In 1995, the UNESCO ____39____ (decide) t pay hmage t authrs and bks wrldwide as a way f encuraging everyne ____40____ (access) bks. Chsing 23 April seemed a lgical ____41____ (chse); besides being the date f Cervante’s death, it als happens t be the date William Shakespeare and Inca Garcilas de la Vega died. Additinally, several distinguished authrs were brn n 23 April, ____42____ (make) it a symblic date in the wrld literature.
____43____ (annual) since 2001, ne city is chsen t be the UNESCO Wrld Bk Capital fr a year. The selected city ____44____ (task) with carrying ut activities ver its year-lng designatin t encurage “a culture f reading and diffusing its values in all ages and ppulatin grups in and ut f the natinal brders”.
The initiative was put frward by Spain in 2001, and Madrid was designated the first capital, ____45____ (fllw) by Alexandria and then New Delhi.
【答案】36. as 37. the
38. that 39. decided
40. t access
41. chice 42. making
43. Annually
44. is tasked
45. fllwed
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了世界读书日的由来、历史以及相关的活动。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：联合国教育、科学及文化组织(教科文组织)于1995年将4月23日定为世界图书和版权日。此处是固定搭配：establish sth. as…，意为“把……确立为……”。故填as。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：1922年，他提出了这个想法，以此来纪念米格尔·德·塞万提斯。空后的idea特指上文提到的“Setting aside a day t celebrate bks”，前应用定冠词修饰。故填the。
【38题详解】
考查强调句型。句意：四年后，第一次庆祝活动在10月7日，塞万提斯的生日，但它被转移到4月23日，他的忌日，1930年。本句是强调句型：it was+强调部分+that+剩余部分。故填that。
【39题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：1995年，联合国教科文组织决定向全世界的作家和书籍致敬，以此鼓励每个人都能接触到书籍。decide作本句谓语，根据时间状语In 1995可知，用一般过去时。故填decided。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：1995年，联合国教科文组织决定向全世界的作家和书籍致敬，以此鼓励每个人都能接触到书籍。此处是固定搭配：encurage sb. t d sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”。故填t access。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：选择4月23日似乎是一个合乎逻辑的选择；这一天不仅是塞万提斯的忌日，也是威廉·莎士比亚和印加·加西拉索·德拉维加的忌日。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作表语，chse的名词形式是chice，根据空前的a可知，用单数形式。故填chice。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，一些杰出的作家出生在4月23日，使它成为世界文学的一个象征性的日期。本句已有谓语动词were，所以make用非谓语形式，动词make和上文的内容之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式作状语。故填making。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：自2001年以来，每年都会有一个城市被联合国教科文组织选为一年的世界图书之都。空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用副词修饰，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Annually。
【44题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：被选中的城市的任务是在其为期一年的指定期间开展活动，以鼓励“一种阅读文化，并在国内外所有年龄和人口群体中传播其价值观”。be tasked with意为“被委派……任务”，是固定短语。主语the selected city是单数，所以谓语动词用单数形式，描述客观事实用一般现在时。故填is tasked。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：该倡议是由西班牙于2001年提出的，马德里被指定为第一个首都，其次是亚历山大，然后是新德里。本句已有谓语动词was put frward和was designated，所以fllw用非谓语形式，根据空后的by可知，用过去分词表被动。故填fllwed。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Sam来信祝贺你的生日，并寄给你一本英语词典和一本科幻小说《海底两万里》（Twenty Thusand Leagues Under the Sea）作为礼物，请你为此用英语给他写一封回信。内容包括：
1．表示感谢；
2．告诉他你的英语进步情况；
3．邀请他暑假来玩。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sam,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sam,
I am writing this letter t express my heartfelt thanks fr the gift yu gave me n my birthday.
With regard t my prgress in English, I am glad t tell yu that with the help f the dictinary yu sent me, I have been able t expand my vcabulary and imprve my reading cmprehensin. I fund myself mre cnfident in my apprach t English texts, and I was eager t explre new areas f literature and culture.
With summer appraching, I crdially invite yu t visit me during the hlidays.
Lking frward t yur reply.
Best wishes,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国笔友Sam写一封回信，对他送你生日礼物表示感谢，告诉他你的英语进步情况并邀请他暑假来玩。
【详解】1.词汇积累
表达：express→cnvey
诚挚的：heartfelt→earnest
高兴的：glad→delighted
关于：with regard t→as fr
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：With summer appraching, I crdially invite yu t visit me during the hlidays.
拓展句：As summer is drawing near, I crdially invite yu t visit me during the hlidays.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I am writing this letter t express my heartfelt thanks fr the gift yu gave me n my birthday. (运用了that/which引导的限制性定语从句，省略了that/which)
[高分句型2] With regard t my prgress in English, I am glad t tell yu that with the help f the dictinary yu sent me, I have been able t expand my vcabulary and imprve my reading cmprehensin. (运用了that引导的宾语从句和that/which引导的限制性定语从句，省略了that/which)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Learning mtivatin nly accmpanied by interest can last lng. My grandfather used t be the directr f a lcal museum. S since I was yung, I had the pprtunity t visit varius museums with him. After entering high schl, I became interested in histry, and I cnstantly cllected infrmatin related t museums.
When I was 17, I read a magazine article abut a museum called the McNay, nce the hme f a waterclurist named Marian McNay. She had requested the cmmunity t turn it int a museum upn her death.
D nt miss yur chance t see Texas’ first mdern art museum—the McNay Art Museum. There are mre than 20,000 different and significant wrks. With beautiful Spanish gardens and the amazing architecture f the building, the art within the walls isn’t the nly wnder t see.
On a sunny Saturday, Sally and I drve ver t the museum. She asked, “D yu have the address?” “N, but I’ll recgnize it, there was a picture in the magazine.”
“Oh, stp. There it is!”
The museum was free. We entered, excited. A grup f peple sitting in the hall stpped talking and stared at us.
“May I help yu?” a man asked. “N,” I said. “We’re fine.” Tur guides gt n my nerves. What if they talked a lng time abut a painting yu weren’t that interested in? Sally had gne upstairs. The peple in the hall seemed very nsy (爱管闲事的), keeping their eyes n me with curisity. What was their prblem? I saw sme nice sculptures in ne rm. Suddenly I sensed a man standing behind me. “Where d yu think yu are?” he asked. I turned sharply. “The McNay Art Museum!” He smiled, shaking his head. “Srry, the McNay is n New Braunfels Street.” “What’s this place?” I asked, still cnfused. “Well, it’s ur hme.” My heart jlted (震颤). I raced t the staircase.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I called ut, “Sally! Cme dwn immediately!”
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thirty years later, a wman apprached me in a public place.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Para 1:
I called ut, “Sally! Cme dwn immediately!” The ech f my vice filled the air, causing the curius eyes f the residents t turn twards me even mre sharply. I quickly ran up the stairs, trying t catch up with Sally wh had already disappeared int the upper flrs. As I reached the landing, I saw her standing in frnt f a painting, her eyes fixed n it with such intensity that she hadn’t heard my call. I gently tapped her shulder and whispered, “We’ve made a mistake. This isn’t the McNay Art Museum. We’re in smene’s huse!” Sally’s face fell, and she quickly gathered her things. We aplgized prfusely t the hmewners fr the intrusin and left the huse as quickly as pssible, embarrassed and red-faced.
Para 2:
Thirty years later, a wman apprached me in a public place. She smiled warmly and said, “Excuse me, but I culdn’t help but ntice yur face. It lks exactly like the girl wh accidentally entered ur huse all thse years ag.” I was taken aback, but then I realized wh she was. “Oh my, yu must be ne f the hmewners frm that day!” I exclaimed. We bth laughed and shared stries abut that embarrassing incident. She tld me that she had ften thught abut that day and had even wndered if I had ever made it t the McNay Art Museum. I tld her that yes, I had eventually visited and had fallen in lve with art even mre. We talked fr a lng time, reminiscing abut the past and sharing ur lives. It was a wnderful reunin, and I was grateful fr the chance t meet her again after all these years.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了记叙了作者一次误入别人的家，将别人的家当做了一位画家的博物馆，而在三十年后作者再次遇到屋主，屋主告诉作者是作者让自己意识到了自己住在多么美丽的地方，自己有多么幸福，她非常感谢作者。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我喊道：‘莎莉!马上下来!’”可知，第一段可描写作者去叫莎莉下来，并且说了走错地方的事情，并且和屋主道了歉。
②由第二段首句内容“三十年后，一个女人在公共场合走近我”可知，第二段可描写作者再次遇到屋主，两人进行了沟通。
2.续写线索：喊莎莉离开——告知走错——向屋主道歉——再遇屋主——愉快交谈
3.词汇激活
行为类
①进入：enter/get in
②引起：cause/cntribute t
③遇见：meet/encunter
情绪类
①尴尬：embarrassed/ awkward
②感谢：grateful/thankful
【点睛】[高分句型1] It lks exactly like the girl wh accidentally entered ur huse all thse years ag. (运用了wh引导定语从句)
[高分句型2] As I reached the landing, I saw her standing in frnt f a painting, her eyes fixed n it with such intensity that she hadn’t heard my call. (运用了as引导时间状语从句)
听力答案：1-5 BBCCA 6-10 AACBC 11-15 CBABA16-20 AACBCName
Distance frm Dwntwn Bangkk
Open Times
Features
Damnen Saduak
80 km (50 mi)
Every day frm 7 a. m. t 5 p. m
Lng-tail bat cruises, remte villages, plantatins
Amphawa
90 km (55mi)
11 a. m. t 9.30 p. m., Friday t Sunday
Thai fd, little wden huses, temples
Wat Sai
23 km (14 mi)
8 a. m.-6 p. m., Tuesday-Saturday
A mixture f Chinese culture and Thai culture
Taling Chan
12 km (7 mi)
8 a. m.-6 p. m., Saturday-Sunday
Temples, massages (按摩) n bats, ft massages under trees
Bangkhla
100km (60 mi)
8 a. m.-6 p. m., Saturday-Sunday
Remte cuntryside, charm, biking
Bang Nam Pheung
20 km (12 mi)
8: 30 a. m.-5p. m., Saturday-Sunday
Fruit, fd, a nature sanctuary (避难所)
Bang Phli
38 km (24 mi)
11 a. m.-5:30 p. m., Tuesday-Saturday
Oldest, histrical buildings, temples
Khlng Lat Maym
21 km (13 mi)
7 a. m.-5p. m., Saturday—Sunday
Fd, fruit, bat ndles
全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2. 请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3. 选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑;非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答;字体工整，笔迹清楚。
4. 考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并上交。
5. 本卷主要考查内容：北师大版选择性必修第三册，选择性必修第四册，必修第一册。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. Where des the man plan t g this year?
A. Asia. B. Suth America. C. Eurpe.
2. What des the wman ask the man t d?
A. Sit in Rw 5. B. Clean the flr. C. Dry glass bttles.
3. When will the speakers get t Grace’s huse?
A. At 6:30. B. At 6:50. C. At 7:00.
4. What des the wman mean?
A. She missed the speech.
B. She lst her way t the train statin.
C. She culdn’t understand what the lecturer said.
5. Wh is the man cmplaining abut?
A. His bss. B. A c-wrker. C. The wman.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Hw many languages can the man speak fluently nw?
A. Fur. B. Six. C. Tw.
7. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Interviewer and interviewee.
B. Waiter and custmer.
C. Teacher and student.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What did the wman prbably lk like in the past?
A. She wre glasses. B. She had brwn hair. C. She was verweight.
9. What d we knw abut the wman?
A. She is a dctr. B. She has tw children. C. She gt married last year.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Which cuntry des Li Dng cme frm?
A. China. B. America. C. Germany.
11. Why did Li Dng decide t study Chinese medicine?
A. T learn Chinese culture.
B. T fllw in his parents’ ftsteps.
C. T make up fr Western medicine.
12. What did Li Dng find mst difficult t get used t?
A. The weather. B. The language. C. The living habit.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What are the special bards used fr?
A. Prducing energy. B. Cvering buildings. C. Keeping sunshine ut.
14. Where are the gardens?
A. In the backyards. B. On the rfs. C. Next t the wrk statins.
15. Hw will Mlly g hme tday?
A. By bus. B. By bike. C. By car.
16. What des Mlly say abut BedZED?
A. It is envirnment-friendly.
B. There’s much parking space.
C. The public transprtatin is pr.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17 Hw lng culd the film last at mst?
A. 12 minutes. B. 11 minutes. C. 8 minutes.
18. What kind f films are required this year?
A. Cmedy B. Hrrr. C. Drama.
19. What is the tpic f the films this year?
A. The family. B. The weather. C. Changes in a day.
20. What is the speaker mainly talking abut?
A. Steps f making a film. B. Best films ver the years. C. A film-making cmpetitin.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Flating Markets in Bangkk, Thailand
One might feel as thugh they are entering a different wrld upn visiting a Thai flating market. While sme cuntries in Asia have their wn flating markets, nne cmpare t Thailand’s, and the special experience is ne yu cannt miss while visiting the cuntry.
Lng-tail bats, ancient and traditinal huses, and shuting vendrs (商贩) are the majr elements f flating markets in Bangkk. They are excellent ptins fr experiencing the unusual culture and life f Thailand. Here are the tp 8 flating markets in Bangkk, where yu can experience the chatic and charming atmsphere.
1. Which flating market nly pens n weekends with the shrtest pening hurs?
A. Taling Chan.B. Bang Phli.
C. Bang Nam Pheung.D. Khlng Lat Maym.
2. What is the unique characteristic f the market clsest t Bangkk?
A. Delicius Thai fd.B. Numerus temple buildings.
C. Varius massage services.D. The traditinal cuntryside life.
3. Which statement abut Wat Sai is crrect?
A. It is influenced by Chinese cultural elements.
B. Its number f pen days in a week is the largest.
C. It is the centre f cultural exchange arund the wrld.
D. It is a must-see turist destinatin fr Chinese turists.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了泰国曼谷八个水上市场的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Saturday—Sunday”可知Taling Chan、Bangkhla、Bang Nam Pheung和Khlng Lat Maym符合仅在周末开放，其中Bang Nam Pheung营业时间最短，是从8: 30 a.m.到5 p.m.。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Distance frm Dwntwn Bangkk部分内容可知，Taling Chan距离曼谷最近，根据相应Features部分“Temples, massages (按摩) n bats, ft massages under trees(寺庙，船上按摩，树下足底按摩)”可知，各种各样的按摩是其主要特色。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Wat Sai相应Features部分“A mixture f Chinese culture and Thai culture (中国文化和泰国文化的融合)”可知，Wat Sai受到中国文化元素的影响。故选A。
B
A wman in Lakewd, Washingtn, wanted t find a by wh left $5 and a heartbreaking aplgy nte n her drstep. On Friday, Marie fund this nte frm “Jake”:
“I am srry that I tk yur butterfly wind chimes (风铃) withut yur permissin. My mum died and she liked butterflies s I tk them t put by ur windw. Nw I feel terrible fr my past behaviur. I am srry. This is the nly mney I have. Please d nt be mad at me.”
Mari e tld KCPQ she was nt mad and wanted t find Jake t return his $5. “I wanted t cry because apparently he felt bad fr what he had dne. And I think he might be scared,” she tld the statin. Marie said she knws stealing is immral, but she is sympathetic t the child. “I’m nt agreeing with the stealing act but he did try t make up fr what he had dne. I lst my mum at a yung age s I really make sense f his feeling and knw hw hard it is,” she said.
Marie wanted t find Jake, nt t punish him, but t return his mney fr his hnesty. Marie mved t the neighburhd tw mnths ag and didn’t knw many peple there, which made tracking dwn Jake difficult.
In rder t find the by, she turned t Facebk. Almst a week later, her Facebk pst gt much attentin frm scial media, but she still didn’t hear frm the by. Marie said she wanted Jake t knw that she had n intentin f embarrassing r scaring him by asking him t reveal himself. She als said she was willing t help Jake with his schling if she culd find him.
4. Why did Jake feel srry?
A. He caught butterflies in Marie’s garden.B. He stle five dllars frm a wman.
C. He lst smething brrwed frm Marie.D. He tk Marie’s wind chimes withut permissin.
5. What d Marie and Jake have in cmmn?
A. Their mums liked butterflies.B. They lst their mums in childhd.
C. They cllected wind chimes.D. They tk smething f neighburs.
6. What makes it hard fr Marie t find Jake?
A. Her neighburs’ unwillingness t help her.
B. Her cnsiderable shyness.
C. Her annuncement t punish the by.
D. Her being unfamiliar with the neighburhd.
7. Which f the fllwing can best describe Marie?
A. Kind and sympathetic.B. Devted and caring.
C. Generus and humble.D. Hnest and careful.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述一名男孩因为过世的妈妈喜欢蝴蝶而偷走了玛丽家门口的蝴蝶风铃并把风铃挂在窗口，为此他留下五美元和一封道歉信，玛丽很受感动并试图找到这名男孩，想告诉男孩，她理解男孩的感受，会保护他的身份并提出要帮助男孩的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“I am srry that I tk yur butterfly wind chimes withut yur permissin. (我很抱歉，我没有得到你的允许就拿了你的蝴蝶风铃)”可知，小男孩道歉的原因是他没有经过允许就拿走了玛丽的风铃。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“My mum died and she liked butterflies s I tk them t put by ur windw.(我妈妈去世了，她喜欢蝴蝶，所以我把它们放在我们的窗边。) ”以及第三段最后一句“I lst my mum at a yung age s I really make sense f his feeling and knw hw hard it is(我很小的时候就失去了妈妈，所以我真的能理解他的感受，也知道这有多难)”可知，Marie小的时候就没有了妈妈，这个情况和Jake是一样的。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Marie wanted t find Jake, nt t punish him, but t return his mney fr his hnesty. Marie mved t the neighburhd tw mnths ag and didn’t knw many peple there, which made tracking dwn Jake difficult.(玛丽想找到杰克，不是为了惩罚他，而是为了还他诚实的钱。玛丽两个月前搬到这个社区，在那里认识的人不多，所以很难找到杰克)”可知，玛丽找不到杰克是因为她最近刚刚搬家到这里，她对这里的居民都很不熟悉。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Marie said she wanted Jake t knw that she had n intentin f embarrassing r scaring him by asking him t reveal himself. She als said she was willing t help Jake with his schling if she culd find him.(玛丽说，她想让杰克知道，她并不想让他暴露自己的身份，让他感到尴尬或害怕。她还说，如果她能找到杰克，她愿意帮助他学习)”可知，玛丽想保护杰克的身份，说明玛丽善良，想帮助杰克学习，说明玛丽富有同情心。由此推断出玛丽是个善良而富有同情心的人。故选A。
C
Hawaii lawmakers are cnsidering legislatin (立法) that wuld require visitrs t pay fr a year-lng license r pass t visit state parks. Jsh Green is the state’s gvernr. He said, “We get between 9 and 10 millin visitrs a year, but we nly have 1.4 millin peple living here.” He added, “Thse 10 millin travellers shuld be helping us sustain ur envirnment.” Lawmakers still debating hw much they wuld charge.
The gvernr campaigned in 2022 n the idea f having all turists pay a $50 fee t enter the state. Legislatrs think this wuld vilate US cnstitutinal prtectins fr free travel. They instead think visitrs shuld pay t enter parks and trails. Either plicy wuld be a first f its kind fr any US state. Hawaii’s leaders are fllwing the example f ther ppular turist areas with similar fees r taxes. They include Venice, Italy, and Ecuadr’s Galapags Islands.
Hawaii State Representative Sean Quinlan is the leader f the Huse Turism Cmmittee. He said changes in the activities f travellers are part f Hawaii’s push. He said glf runds per visitr per day have drpped 30 percent ver the past 10 years while hiking has increased50 percent. Peple are als seeking ut islated places they have seen n scial media. The state des nt have the mney t versee and prtect all these places he said.
Mst state parks and trails are currently free. Sme f the mst ppular nes already charge, like Diamnd Head State Mnument. That trail leads hikers frm the flr f a 300,000-year-ld vlcan up t the tp. It gets 1 millin visitrs each year and csts $5fr each traveller.
A bill currently befre the legislature wuld require visitrs ver the age f 15t buy a yearly pass t visit frests, parks, trails r “ther natural area n state land”. Peple wh live in Hawaii wuld nt need t pay.
8. What des the underlined wrd “vilate” mean in Paragraph 2?
A. Break.B. Establish.C. Uphld.D. Perfect.
9. What is Paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A. The decreasing number f turists t Hawaii.
B. Advantages f Hawaii’s turism resurces.
C. The increasing financial burden f Hawaii.
D. One reasn fr wanting t charge turists.
10. What can be cncluded frm the text?
A. Nne f the attractins in Hawaii charge fees currently.
B. The gal t charge fees is t limit the number f turists.
C. Lawmakers are arguing abut whether charging fees is legal.
D. Charging fees is beneficial fr Hawaii’s natural envirnment.
11. What is the text?
A. A news reprt.B. A travel guide.
C. A law textbk.D. A prmtinal brchure.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章报道了夏威夷州正在考虑立法，要求游客支付费用以访问州立公园的新闻。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据前文“The gvernr campaigned in 2022 n the idea f having all turists pay a $50 fee t enter the state.(这位州长在2022年的竞选中提出，所有游客进入该州都要支付50美元的费用)”以及后文“US cnstitutinal prtectins fr free travel(美国宪法对自由旅行的保护)”可知，州长想要所有游客进入该州都要支付50美元的费用，应是违反了美国宪法对自由旅行的保护，推知vilate意为“违反”，和A项意思相近。故选A项。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Hawaii State Representative Sean Quinlan is the leader f the Huse Turism Cmmittee. He said changes in the activities f travellers are part f Hawaii’s push. He said glf runds per visitr per day have drpped 30 percent ver the past 10 years while hiking has increased50 percent. Peple are als seeking ut islated places they have seen n scial media. The state des nt have the mney t versee and prtect all these places, he said.(夏威夷州众议员肖恩·昆兰(Sean Quinlan)是众议院旅游委员会的领导人。他说，游客活动的变化是夏威夷推动的一部分。他说，在过去10年里，每个游客每天打高尔夫球的次数下降了30%，而徒步旅行的次数增加了50%。人们也在寻找他们在社交媒体上看到的与世隔绝的地方。他说，国家没有足够的资金来监督和保护所有这些地方)”可知，本段主要讲述了夏威夷想要向游客收费的原因，即游客的活动变化给夏威夷带来了财政负担，而收费可以缓解这种负担。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Jsh Green is the state’s gvernr. He said, “We get between 9 and 10 millin visitrs a year, but we nly have 1.4 millin peple living here.” He added, “Thse 10 millin travellers shuld be helping us sustain ur envirnment.” Lawmakers still debating hw much they wuld charge.(乔希·格林(Jsh Green)是该州州长。他说：“我们每年接待900万到1000万游客，但我们这里只有140万人口。”他补充说：“这1000万游客应该帮助我们维持环境。”议员们仍在争论他们将收取多少费用)”以及第二段“Hawaii’s leaders are fllwing the example f ther ppular turist areas with similar fees r taxes.(夏威夷的领导人正在效仿其他热门旅游区，征收类似的费用或税收)”可知，文中提到夏威夷的领导人在效仿其他受欢迎的旅游地区收取类似的费用或税收，目的是帮助维持和保护自然环境。因此，可以得出结论，收费对夏威夷的自然环境是有益的。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Hawaii lawmakers are cnsidering legislatin (立法) that wuld require visitrs t pay fr a year-lng license r pass t visit state parks. Jsh Green is the state’s gvernr. He said, “We get between 9 and 10 millin visitrs a year, but we nly have 1.4 millin peple living here.” He added, “Thse 10 millin travellers shuld be helping us sustain ur envirnment.” Lawmakers still debating hw much they wuld charge.(夏威夷立法者正在考虑立法，要求游客购买一年的许可证或通行证才能参观州立公园。乔希·格林(Jsh Green)是该州州长。他说：“我们每年接待900万到1000万游客，但我们这里只有140万人口。”他补充说：“这1000万游客应该帮助我们维持环境。”议员们仍在争论他们将收取多少费用)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要报道了夏威夷立法者正在考虑立法要求游客为参观州立公园购买年票或通行证，属于新闻报道类文章。故选A项。
D
Why d farmers grw crps utside in fields when we can arrange them vertically (垂直地)? The idea f vertical farming was first prpsed in 1999. It was seen as a way t save space, reduce air miles and transfrm ld and abandned buildings, like warehuses. In 2021, Frtune Business Insights valued the glbal vertical farming market at 3.47 billin dllars. Nw, hwever, this industry is under threat, partly due t rising energy csts.
Accrding t the magazine Science Fcus, vertical farming gives ten times the yield (产量) f cnventinal utdr farming. Hwever, in rder fr crps t grw using this methd, plants are placed in a cntrlled envirnment, grwn nt under the Sun, but under LED lights and watered with recycled water pumped n a clsed-lp system (闭环系统).
Unfrtunately, energy prices have risen acrss the glbe. Therefre, this reliance n electricity has meant the last few years have nt been easy fr the industry. Cindy van Rijswick, frm the Dutch research firm RabResearch, has estimated that peratinal csts fr a vertical farm are arund 15% higher nw cmpared t 18 mnths ag. Infarm, Eurpe’s largest vertical farming cmpany, made arund500 emplyees redundant (被裁员的) in Nvember 2022 because they needed t dwnsize. They blamed higher perating csts due t energy increases as ne reasn fr the layffs.
Anther issue related t the cst-f -living crisis and affecting vertical farming is the type f prduce grwn. This includes herbs such as basil, as well as salad leaves and leafy greens. Cmpared t traditinally farmed plants, like nins and carrts, these prducts tend t be mre expensive, which culd lead t reduced demand as cnsumers becme mre cautius abut their spending.
S, it seems that a future with fd grwn under LED lights is lking less and less bright.
12. What is the feature f vertical farming?
A. Saving urban land and achieving zer emissins.
B. Demanding highly technical and cmplex cntrl.
C. High energy cnsumptin and lw utput value.
D. Making full use f sunlight and water resurces.
13. Hw des the authr develp his idea in Paragraph 3?
A. By making assumptins.
B. By criticizing a typical behaviur.
C. By listing specific data and facts.
D. By referring t a scial phenmenn.
14. What can we infer frm the text?
A Vertical farming avids climate and disaster impacts.
B. Vertical farming csts jumped due t higher energy prices.
C. Vertical farming grws high-value, cst-effective prduce.
D. High yield prtects vertical farming frm market cmpetitin.
15. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A. Is This the End f Vertical Farming?B. Is Vertical Farming Highly Efficient?
C. Challenges Industrial Agriculture FacesD. New Trends in Vertical Agriculture
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕垂直农业这一新兴农业形式进行了深入的探讨，介绍了其背景、特点、市场价值，以及当前面临的挑战，特别是能源成本上升对其造成的影响。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The idea f vertical farming was first prpsed in 1999. It was seen as a way t save space, reduce air miles and transfrm ld and abandned buildings, like warehuses.(垂直农业的想法最早是在1999年提出的。它被视为一种节省空间、减少飞行里程、改造仓库等旧建筑和废弃建筑的方法)”可知，垂直农业的特点是节约城市用地，实现零排放。故选A项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Unfrtunately, energy prices have risen acrss the glbe. Therefre, this reliance n electricity has meant the last few years have nt been easy fr the industry. Cindy van Rijswick, frm the Dutch research firm RabResearch, has estimated that peratinal csts fr a vertical farm are arund 15% higher nw cmpared t 18 mnths ag. Infarm, Eurpe’s largest vertical farming cmpany, made arund500 emplyees redundant (被裁员的) in Nvember 2022 because they needed t dwnsize. They blamed higher perating csts due t energy increases as ne reasn fr the layffs.(不幸的是，全球能源价格都在上涨。因此，对电力的依赖意味着过去几年对该行业来说并不容易。荷兰研究公司RabResearch的辛迪·范·瑞斯维克(Cindy van Rijswick)估计，与18个月前相比，垂直农场的运营成本现在高出了15%左右。欧洲最大的垂直农业公司Infarm在2022年11月裁员约500人，因为他们需要缩小规模。他们认为，能源价格上涨导致的运营成本上升是裁员的原因之一)”可推知，本段主要通过列举具体的数据和事实来阐述作者的观点，比如全球能源价格上涨，以及Infarm公司裁员等实际情况，从而说明垂直农业面临的挑战。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Unfrtunately, energy prices have risen acrss the glbe. Therefre, this reliance n electricity has meant the last few years have nt been easy fr the industry. Cindy van Rijswick, frm the Dutch research firm RabResearch, has estimated that peratinal csts fr a vertical farm are arund 15% higher nw cmpared t 18 mnths ag. Infarm, Eurpe’s largest vertical farming cmpany, made arund500 emplyees redundant (被裁员的) in Nvember 2022 because they needed t dwnsize. They blamed higher perating csts due t energy increases as ne reasn fr the layffs.(不幸的是，全球能源价格都在上涨。因此，对电力的依赖意味着过去几年对该行业来说并不容易。荷兰研究公司RabResearch的辛迪·范·瑞斯维克(Cindy van Rijswick)估计，与18个月前相比，垂直农场的运营成本现在高出了15%左右。欧洲最大的垂直农业公司Infarm在2022年11月裁员约500人，因为他们需要缩小规模。他们认为，能源价格上涨导致的运营成本上升是裁员的原因之一)”可知，全球能源价格上涨，这导致垂直农业成本大幅增加，同时指出Infarm公司因为运营成本上升而进行裁员。故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Why d farmers grw crps utside in fields when we can arrange them vertically (垂直地)? The idea f vertical farming was first prpsed in 1999. It was seen as a way t save space, reduce air miles and transfrm ld and abandned buildings, like warehuses. In 2021, Frtune Business Insights valued the glbal vertical farming market at 3．47 billin dllars. Nw, hwever, this industry is under threat, partly due t rising energy csts.(既然可以垂直种植，为什么农民还要在室外种植呢?垂直农业的想法最早是在1999年提出的。它被视为一种节省空间、减少飞行里程、改造仓库等旧建筑和废弃建筑的方法。2021年，《财富商业洞察》对全球垂直农业市场的估值为34.7亿美元。然而，现在这个行业正面临威胁，部分原因是能源成本上升)”以及纵观全文可知，文章主要讨论了垂直农业面临的挑战和困境，特别是能源成本上升对垂直农业的影响，以及消费者对高成本产品的谨慎态度。由此可知，A项“Is This the End f Vertical Farming?(这是垂直农业的终结吗？)”适合作本文最佳标题。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Fungi (真菌) play an imprtant rle in ecsystems, are a surce f fd, and make key cntributins t the wrld f medicine. ____16____
An estimated tw millin fungal species — mre than 90% f all fungi — have yet t be described by science, accrding t a science reprter. ____17____ Scientists are trying t find ut mre abut this largely unexplred wrld, but it is challenging. Dr Martyn Ainswrth, a senir researcher frm Ryal Btanic Gardens, Kew, in Lndn, says, “We can grw a certain number in the lab. ____18____ This has held back a lt f research.”
____19____ “A lt f peple are afraid f pisnus mushrms,” says Dr Jassy Drakulic, a plant pathlgist, “but nly a very small prprtin f the thusands f species f fungi in the wrld can cause disease.” Mst are harmless and ften beneficial, called by sme “the hidden helpers f ur envirnment”. Sme fungi prvide fd and shelter fr wildlife, help plants absrb water and nutrients and recycle waste and dead matter. Other types f fungi grw n the rts f trees and plants, frming a huge undergrund netwrk that helps nurish trees. ____20____
S, next time yu add mushrms t yur dinner, take a painkiller fr a headache, r g fr a walk thrugh the wds, remember t thank the living things that made it all pssible — fungi.
A. Are mushrms a type f fungus?
B. S, why d we knw s little abut them?
C. Wetlands are imprtant because they prvide fd and shelter fr wildlife.
D. The fact that we knw s little abut fungi leads us t misunderstand them.
E. “Fungi are really the behind-the-scenes team ding all the wrk,” adds Dr Ainswrth.
F. But there is a whle hst f fungi that we cannt grw in the lab.
G. In the UK, there are arund 25,000 species f fungi — five r six times mre than plants.
【答案】16. B 17. G 18. F 19. D 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了真菌的作用。
【16题详解】
上文“Fungi (真菌) play an imprtant rle in ecsystems, are a surce f fd, and make key cntributins t the wrld f medicine.( 真菌在生态系统中发挥着重要作用，是食物的来源，并为医学界做出了重要贡献)”提到真菌的重要作用，下文“An estimated tw millin fungal specie — mre than 90% f all fungi — have yet t be described by science(估计有200万种真菌——占所有真菌的90%以上——尚未被科学描述)”提到90%以上的真菌尚未被科学描述，B项“那么，为什么我们对它们知之甚少呢？”承上启下，B项中it指代上文中的“Fungi”，故选B。
【17题详解】
根据上文“An estimated tw millin fungal specie — mre than 90% f all fungi — have yet t be described by science(估计有200万种真菌——占所有真菌的90%以上——尚未被科学描述)”可知，估计有200万种真菌尚未被科学描述，G项“在英国，大约有25000种真菌，是植物的5到6倍”承接上文，进一步描述真菌的庞大数量，故选G。
【18题详解】
上文“We can grw a certain number in the lab.(我们可以在实验室里培育一定数量的植物)”提到可以在实验室里培育一定数量的植物，结合下文“This has held back a lt f research.(这阻碍了很多研究)”可知，空处应是提及阻碍研究的因素，F项“但是有很多真菌是我们无法在实验室里培养的”符合语境，故选F。
【19题详解】
根据下文“‘A lt f peple are afraid f pisnus mushrms,’ says Dr Jassy Drakulic, a plant pathlgist, ‘but nly a very small prprtin f the thusands f species f fungi in the wrld can cause disease.’(植物病理学家Jassy Drakulic博士说：‘很多人都害怕有毒的蘑菇，但在世界上成千上万种真菌中，只有很小一部分会致病。’)”可知，真菌被人们误解，D项“我们对真菌知之甚少，这使我们对它们产生了误解”符合语境，故选D。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Other types f fungi grw n the rts f trees and plants, frming a huge undergrund netwrk that helps nurish trees.(其他种类的真菌生长在树木和植物的根部，形成一个巨大的地下网络，帮助滋养树木)”可知，真菌生长在树木和植物的根部，形成一个巨大的地下网络，帮助滋养树木，E项“‘真菌确实是幕后团队，完成了所有的工作，’Ainswrth博士补充道”总结上文真菌的作用，E项“behind-the-scenes”呼应上文“a huge undergrund netwrk”，真菌在地下形成巨大的网络，是幕后团队，故选E。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Eric Mussambani is the first swimmer frm Equatrial Guinea t cmpete in the Olympics. He fund his passin fr swimming shrtly after high schl. At the time, he didn’t knw hw t ____21____, but he knew it was a sprt he wanted t ____22____.
Unfrtunately, there were n ____23____ swimming pls in his cuntry. ____24____, he fund a htel pl where he culd nly swim three hurs a week. When he culdn’t ____25____ the pl, he trained in rivers and the sea, with the lcal fishermen ____26____ him n hw t use his legs and arms.
After abut eight mnths f swimming, Eric gained ____27____ int the 2000 Summer Olympics thrugh a prgramme designed t ____28____ sprts develpment in develping cuntries.
In Sydney, Eric saw an Olympic-size swimming pl fr the first time. It was s big that Eric said he was s ____29____ t cmpete in it. In ____30____ his event, Eric trained at the same time with the US team and tk the pprtunity t ____31____ their techniques clsely.
On September 19, 2000, Eric stepped ut fr the men’s 100-metre freestyle cmpetitin. “I swam the first 50 metres really well,” said Eric. After turning fr the secnd length, hwever, Eric fund his legs stiffened (变僵硬). “It was then I heard the crwd shuting, encuraging me t g. It gave me the ____32____ t make it t the end.” Eric ____33____ the race with a time f 1:52.72, the ____34____ recrded time in Olympic histry. But the audience did nt care. They ____35____ him as if he had brken the wrld recrd.
21. A. swimB. cmpeteC. participateD. apply
22. A. riskB. prmteC. pursueD. cntinue
23. A. cleanB. perfectC. similarD. standard
24. A. EventuallyB. StrangelyC. NaturallyD. Certainly
25. A. reachB. discverC. rentD. use
26. A. cngratulatingB. guidingC. fcusingD. pinting
27. A. entryB. abilityC. experienceD. right
28. A. slveB. prtectC. awardD. encurage
29. A. interestedB. frightenedC. embarrassedD. disappinted
30. A. fighting frB. lking frC. preparing frD. answering fr
31. A. adjustB. studyC. dubtD. benefit
32. A. frtuneB. wayC. strengthD. gratitude
33. A. expandedB. finishedC. estimatedD. revealed
34. A. slwestB. earliestC. highestD. timeliest
35. A. releasedB. leftC. tleratedD. cheered
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了赤道几内亚的游泳选手Eric Mussambani通过自己决不放弃的精神，参加2000年悉尼奥运会的100m游泳比赛并赢得人们敬意的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时，他不知道如何游泳，但他知道这是他想要追求的运动。A. swim游泳；B. cmpete竞争；C. participate参加；D. apply应用。根据上文“He fund his passin fr swimming shrtly after high schl”可知，在那个时候他不知道怎么游泳。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时，他不知道如何游泳，但他知道这是他想要追求的运动。A. risk冒……的危险；B. prmte提升；C. pursue追求；D. cntinue继续。根据下文“he fund a htel pl where he culd nly swim three hurs a week”可知，他虽然不知道怎么游泳，但是后来还是练习游泳，说明这是他想要追求的运动。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，他的国家没有标准的游泳池。A. clean干净的；B. perfect完美的；C. similar类似的；D. standard标准的。根据下文“he fund a htel pl”可知，他的国家没有标准的游泳池。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，他找到了一个旅馆的游泳池，在那里他每周只能游三个小时。A. Eventually最后；B. Strangely奇怪的是；C. Naturally自然地；D. Certainly当然。根据下文“he fund a htel pl where he culd nly swim three hurs a week”可知，最后，他找到了一个旅馆的游泳池。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他不能使用游泳池时，他在河里和海里训练，由当地渔民指导他如何使用腿和手臂。A. reach到达；B. discver发现；C. rent租；D. use使用。根据下文“he trained in rivers and the sea”可知，当他不能使用游泳池时，他就会在河里和海里训练。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他不能使用游泳池时，他在河里和海里训练，由当地渔民指导他如何使用腿和手臂。A. cngratulating祝贺；B. guiding指导；C. fcusing集中，关注；D. pinting指。根据下文“n hw t use his legs and arms”可知，当地的渔民指导他如何用腿和手臂。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过大约八个月的游泳训练，埃里克通过一个旨在鼓励发展中国家体育发展的项目获得了2000年夏季奥运会的参赛资格。A. entry参赛；B. ability能力；C. experience经验；D. right权利。根据下文“the 2000 Summer Olympics”可知，他获得了2000年夏季奥运会的参赛资格。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过大约八个月的游泳训练，Eric通过一个旨在鼓励发展中国家体育发展的项目获得了2000年夏季奥运会的参赛资格。A. slve解决；B. prtect保护；C. award授予，颁发；D. encurage鼓励。根据下文“sprts develpment in develping cuntries”可知，那个项目旨在鼓励发展中国家的体育发展。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它太大了，Eric说他很害怕在里面比赛。A. interested感兴趣的；B. frightened害怕的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. disappinted失望的。根据上文“It was s big”可知，那个游泳池太大了，他说他害怕在里面比赛。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了准备这次比赛，Eric与美国队同时训练，并借此机会近距离学习他们的技术。A. fighting fr争取；B. lking fr寻找；C. preparing fr为准备；D. answering fr对……负责。根据下文“Eric trained at the same time with the US team”可知，他训练，也就是在为比赛做准备。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了准备这次比赛，Eric与美国队同时训练，并借此机会近距离学习他们的技术。A. adjust调整；B. study学习；C. dubt怀疑；D. benefit使受益。根据上文“Eric trained at the same time with the US team and tk the pprtunity t”和下文“their techniques clsely”可知，他跟美国队同时训练，就借这个机会学习人家的技术。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它给了我坚持到最后的力量。A. frtune时运，命运；B. way方法；C. strength力量；D. gratitude感激。根据上文“It was then I heard the crwd shuting, encuraging me t g”可知，观众在大喊，鼓励他，所以这给了他坚持到最后的力量。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Eric以1分52秒72的成绩结束了比赛，这是奥运会历史上最慢的记录。A. expanded扩大；B. finished完成，使结束；C. estimated估计；D. revealed揭示。根据下文“with a time f 1:52.72”可知，他以1分52秒72的成绩结束了比赛。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Eric以1分52秒72的成绩结束了比赛，这是奥运会历史上最慢的记录。A. slwest最慢的；B. earliest最早的；C. highest最高的；D. timeliest最及时的。根据下文“But the audience did nt care”可知，这个成绩并不好，是奥运会历史上最慢的记录，但是观众并不在乎。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们向他欢呼，好像他打破了世界纪录似的。A. released释放；B. left离开；C. tlerated忍受；D. cheered欢呼。根据下文“as if he had brken the wrld recrd”可知，观众向他欢呼，好像他打破了世界纪录似的。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The United Natins Educatinal, Scientific and Cultural Organizatin (UNESCO) established 23 April ____36____ Wrld Bk and Cpyright Day in 1995．Hwever, it gt its start lng befre that in Spain.
Setting aside a day t celebrate bks traces its beginnings t Spanish writer Vicente Clavel Andrés. In 1922 he prpsed ____37____ idea as a way t hnur Miguel de Cervantes. It was fur years later ____38____ the first celebratin tk place n 7 Octber, Cervantes’ birthday, but it was mved t 23 April, the date f his death, in 1930．
In 1995, the UNESCO ____39____ (decide) t pay hmage t authrs and bks wrldwide as a way f encuraging everyne ____40____ (access) bks. Chsing 23 April seemed a lgical ____41____ (chse); besides being the date f Cervante’s death, it als happens t be the date William Shakespeare and Inca Garcilas de la Vega died. Additinally, several distinguished authrs were brn n 23 April, ____42____ (make) it a symblic date in the wrld literature.
____43____ (annual) since 2001, ne city is chsen t be the UNESCO Wrld Bk Capital fr a year. The selected city ____44____ (task) with carrying ut activities ver its year-lng designatin t encurage “a culture f reading and diffusing its values in all ages and ppulatin grups in and ut f the natinal brders”.
The initiative was put frward by Spain in 2001, and Madrid was designated the first capital, ____45____ (fllw) by Alexandria and then New Delhi.
【答案】36. as 37. the
38. that 39. decided
40. t access
41. chice 42. making
43. Annually
44. is tasked
45. fllwed
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了世界读书日的由来、历史以及相关的活动。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：联合国教育、科学及文化组织(教科文组织)于1995年将4月23日定为世界图书和版权日。此处是固定搭配：establish sth. as…，意为“把……确立为……”。故填as。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：1922年，他提出了这个想法，以此来纪念米格尔·德·塞万提斯。空后的idea特指上文提到的“Setting aside a day t celebrate bks”，前应用定冠词修饰。故填the。
【38题详解】
考查强调句型。句意：四年后，第一次庆祝活动在10月7日，塞万提斯的生日，但它被转移到4月23日，他的忌日，1930年。本句是强调句型：it was+强调部分+that+剩余部分。故填that。
【39题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：1995年，联合国教科文组织决定向全世界的作家和书籍致敬，以此鼓励每个人都能接触到书籍。decide作本句谓语，根据时间状语In 1995可知，用一般过去时。故填decided。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：1995年，联合国教科文组织决定向全世界的作家和书籍致敬，以此鼓励每个人都能接触到书籍。此处是固定搭配：encurage sb. t d sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”。故填t access。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：选择4月23日似乎是一个合乎逻辑的选择；这一天不仅是塞万提斯的忌日，也是威廉·莎士比亚和印加·加西拉索·德拉维加的忌日。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作表语，chse的名词形式是chice，根据空前的a可知，用单数形式。故填chice。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，一些杰出的作家出生在4月23日，使它成为世界文学的一个象征性的日期。本句已有谓语动词were，所以make用非谓语形式，动词make和上文的内容之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式作状语。故填making。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：自2001年以来，每年都会有一个城市被联合国教科文组织选为一年的世界图书之都。空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用副词修饰，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Annually。
【44题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：被选中的城市的任务是在其为期一年的指定期间开展活动，以鼓励“一种阅读文化，并在国内外所有年龄和人口群体中传播其价值观”。be tasked with意为“被委派……任务”，是固定短语。主语the selected city是单数，所以谓语动词用单数形式，描述客观事实用一般现在时。故填is tasked。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：该倡议是由西班牙于2001年提出的，马德里被指定为第一个首都，其次是亚历山大，然后是新德里。本句已有谓语动词was put frward和was designated，所以fllw用非谓语形式，根据空后的by可知，用过去分词表被动。故填fllwed。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Sam来信祝贺你的生日，并寄给你一本英语词典和一本科幻小说《海底两万里》（Twenty Thusand Leagues Under the Sea）作为礼物，请你为此用英语给他写一封回信。内容包括：
1．表示感谢；
2．告诉他你的英语进步情况；
3．邀请他暑假来玩。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sam,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sam,
I am writing this letter t express my heartfelt thanks fr the gift yu gave me n my birthday.
With regard t my prgress in English, I am glad t tell yu that with the help f the dictinary yu sent me, I have been able t expand my vcabulary and imprve my reading cmprehensin. I fund myself mre cnfident in my apprach t English texts, and I was eager t explre new areas f literature and culture.
With summer appraching, I crdially invite yu t visit me during the hlidays.
Lking frward t yur reply.
Best wishes,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国笔友Sam写一封回信，对他送你生日礼物表示感谢，告诉他你的英语进步情况并邀请他暑假来玩。
【详解】1.词汇积累
表达：express→cnvey
诚挚的：heartfelt→earnest
高兴的：glad→delighted
关于：with regard t→as fr
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：With summer appraching, I crdially invite yu t visit me during the hlidays.
拓展句：As summer is drawing near, I crdially invite yu t visit me during the hlidays.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I am writing this letter t express my heartfelt thanks fr the gift yu gave me n my birthday. (运用了that/which引导的限制性定语从句，省略了that/which)
[高分句型2] With regard t my prgress in English, I am glad t tell yu that with the help f the dictinary yu sent me, I have been able t expand my vcabulary and imprve my reading cmprehensin. (运用了that引导的宾语从句和that/which引导的限制性定语从句，省略了that/which)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Learning mtivatin nly accmpanied by interest can last lng. My grandfather used t be the directr f a lcal museum. S since I was yung, I had the pprtunity t visit varius museums with him. After entering high schl, I became interested in histry, and I cnstantly cllected infrmatin related t museums.
When I was 17, I read a magazine article abut a museum called the McNay, nce the hme f a waterclurist named Marian McNay. She had requested the cmmunity t turn it int a museum upn her death.
D nt miss yur chance t see Texas’ first mdern art museum—the McNay Art Museum. There are mre than 20,000 different and significant wrks. With beautiful Spanish gardens and the amazing architecture f the building, the art within the walls isn’t the nly wnder t see.
On a sunny Saturday, Sally and I drve ver t the museum. She asked, “D yu have the address?” “N, but I’ll recgnize it, there was a picture in the magazine.”
“Oh, stp. There it is!”
The museum was free. We entered, excited. A grup f peple sitting in the hall stpped talking and stared at us.
“May I help yu?” a man asked. “N,” I said. “We’re fine.” Tur guides gt n my nerves. What if they talked a lng time abut a painting yu weren’t that interested in? Sally had gne upstairs. The peple in the hall seemed very nsy (爱管闲事的), keeping their eyes n me with curisity. What was their prblem? I saw sme nice sculptures in ne rm. Suddenly I sensed a man standing behind me. “Where d yu think yu are?” he asked. I turned sharply. “The McNay Art Museum!” He smiled, shaking his head. “Srry, the McNay is n New Braunfels Street.” “What’s this place?” I asked, still cnfused. “Well, it’s ur hme.” My heart jlted (震颤). I raced t the staircase.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I called ut, “Sally! Cme dwn immediately!”
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thirty years later, a wman apprached me in a public place.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Para 1:
I called ut, “Sally! Cme dwn immediately!” The ech f my vice filled the air, causing the curius eyes f the residents t turn twards me even mre sharply. I quickly ran up the stairs, trying t catch up with Sally wh had already disappeared int the upper flrs. As I reached the landing, I saw her standing in frnt f a painting, her eyes fixed n it with such intensity that she hadn’t heard my call. I gently tapped her shulder and whispered, “We’ve made a mistake. This isn’t the McNay Art Museum. We’re in smene’s huse!” Sally’s face fell, and she quickly gathered her things. We aplgized prfusely t the hmewners fr the intrusin and left the huse as quickly as pssible, embarrassed and red-faced.
Para 2:
Thirty years later, a wman apprached me in a public place. She smiled warmly and said, “Excuse me, but I culdn’t help but ntice yur face. It lks exactly like the girl wh accidentally entered ur huse all thse years ag.” I was taken aback, but then I realized wh she was. “Oh my, yu must be ne f the hmewners frm that day!” I exclaimed. We bth laughed and shared stries abut that embarrassing incident. She tld me that she had ften thught abut that day and had even wndered if I had ever made it t the McNay Art Museum. I tld her that yes, I had eventually visited and had fallen in lve with art even mre. We talked fr a lng time, reminiscing abut the past and sharing ur lives. It was a wnderful reunin, and I was grateful fr the chance t meet her again after all these years.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了记叙了作者一次误入别人的家，将别人的家当做了一位画家的博物馆，而在三十年后作者再次遇到屋主，屋主告诉作者是作者让自己意识到了自己住在多么美丽的地方，自己有多么幸福，她非常感谢作者。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我喊道：‘莎莉!马上下来!’”可知，第一段可描写作者去叫莎莉下来，并且说了走错地方的事情，并且和屋主道了歉。
②由第二段首句内容“三十年后，一个女人在公共场合走近我”可知，第二段可描写作者再次遇到屋主，两人进行了沟通。
2.续写线索：喊莎莉离开——告知走错——向屋主道歉——再遇屋主——愉快交谈
3.词汇激活
行为类
①进入：enter/get in
②引起：cause/cntribute t
③遇见：meet/encunter
情绪类
①尴尬：embarrassed/ awkward
②感谢：grateful/thankful
【点睛】[高分句型1] It lks exactly like the girl wh accidentally entered ur huse all thse years ag. (运用了wh引导定语从句)
[高分句型2] As I reached the landing, I saw her standing in frnt f a painting, her eyes fixed n it with such intensity that she hadn’t heard my call. (运用了as引导时间状语从句)
听力答案：1-5 BBCCA 6-10 AACBC 11-15 CBABA16-20 AACBCName
Distance frm Dwntwn Bangkk
Open Times
Features
Damnen Saduak
80 km (50 mi)
Every day frm 7 a. m. t 5 p. m
Lng-tail bat cruises, remte villages, plantatins
Amphawa
90 km (55mi)
11 a. m. t 9.30 p. m., Friday t Sunday
Thai fd, little wden huses, temples
Wat Sai
23 km (14 mi)
8 a. m.-6 p. m., Tuesday-Saturday
A mixture f Chinese culture and Thai culture
Taling Chan
12 km (7 mi)
8 a. m.-6 p. m., Saturday-Sunday
Temples, massages (按摩) n bats, ft massages under trees
Bangkhla
100km (60 mi)
8 a. m.-6 p. m., Saturday-Sunday
Remte cuntryside, charm, biking
Bang Nam Pheung
20 km (12 mi)
8: 30 a. m.-5p. m., Saturday-Sunday
Fruit, fd, a nature sanctuary (避难所)
Bang Phli
38 km (24 mi)
11 a. m.-5:30 p. m., Tuesday-Saturday
Oldest, histrical buildings, temples
Khlng Lat Maym
21 km (13 mi)
7 a. m.-5p. m., Saturday—Sunday
Fd, fruit, bat ndles
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