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2024届河南省周口市沈丘县第二高级中学高三下学期考前模拟（三）英语试题（原卷版+解析版）
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这是一份2024届河南省周口市沈丘县第二高级中学高三下学期考前模拟（三）英语试题（原卷版+解析版），文件包含2024届河南省周口市沈丘县第二高级中学高三下学期考前模拟三英语试题原卷版docx、2024届河南省周口市沈丘县第二高级中学高三下学期考前模拟三英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共36页， 欢迎下载使用。
本试卷共150分 考试时间120分钟
注意事项:
1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一节 听力(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What des the girl think f her mther?
A. Lving. B. Annying. C. Cnsiderate.
2. What are the speakers ding?
A. Watching a game. B. Ding a survey. C.Running.
3. Why is the man s excited?
A. He was prmted.
B. He bught a new car.
C. He gt a large sum f mney.
4. What majr will the by prbably chse in cllege?
A. Astrnmy. B. Medicine. C. Marine bilgy.
5. What des the man mean?
A. The diet is wrth a try.
B The article is unreliable.
C The wman shuld exercise mre.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What des the girl say abut her rmmate?
A. She is knwledgeable.
B. She lves math best
C. She is easy t get alng with.
7 What's the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Father and daughter. C.Teacher and student.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What d Alex's Spanish classes include besides language lessns?
A. Music lessns. B. Cking lessns. C. Cultural lessns.
9. What des Alex plan t d?
A. Visit Spain. B Take a test. C. Find a study partner.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is Max's science prject fr the schl fair?
A. A slar panel. B. A mdel f a vlcan. C. A mini fan.
11. What is Jenna's prject abut?
A. Sustainable agriculture. B. Slar pwer. C. Water cnservatin.
12. What did Max use t make his prject?
A. Baking sda and vinegar. B. Paper and a fan. C.Pwder and water.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is being rganized by the speakers?
A. A hiking activity. B. A marathn race. C. A cycling event.
14. Hw lng is the rute?
A. 10 miles. B. 20 miles. C. 30 miles.
15. What are planned alng the rute?(
A. Cheerleaders.
B. Shpping stalls.
C. Rest stps with refreshments.
16. Where can participants register fr the event?
A. Online.
B. At the sprts center.
C. At the cmmunity center.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Wh is the speaker prbably talking t?
A. New salesmen. B. New engineers. C. New accuntants.
18. When are the new hires suppsed t arrive n December 20?
A. At 9:00 am. B. At 8:30 am. C. At 8:00 am.
19. What will the new hires get n the first day?
A. A special cup. B. A free breakfast. C. A welcming email.
20. What will the new hires d in the afternn n the first day?
A. Tur arund the cmpany.
B. Meet with the general manager.
C. Have the cmputer set up.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Any day f the schl year is a great day fr an event! Here are sme.
Opening Weeks
Many schls use the pening weeks f schl as the ccasin fr hlding special Pastries fr Parents' Day. Since Grandparents' Day is celebrated in, September, this mnth is als a great time t hld a Gdies fr Grandparents event r a Grandparents BBQ. Principal Dnnette McNeill-Waters says, “We have als called this event Dughnuts fr Dad in a specific attempt t get mre fathers invlved.”
Native American Museum Night
Nvember is American Indian and Alaska Native Heritage Mnth: With that in mind, wuldn't this mnth be the perfect time t fcus student learning and a special parent night n the heritage f Native Americans? The students prepare prjects related t a tribe f their chices. Thse prjects integrate histry with language arts, cmmunicatin, and presentatin skills.
Hliday Spectacular
December is a busy mnth fr everybdy. But what wuld the hlidays be withut the annual hliday cncert? Meanwhile, the lcal nursing hmes r hmeless shelters will be cnsidered. Take the shw n the rad and share the gd will. A cash dnatin that will be turned ver t the lcal rganizatins is als a gd chice.
Reading at Hme
The event requires children t lg their reading bks and hurs. It lasts fr several mnths and culminates in the Reading at Hme evening at schl. It invites guest readers, like lcal fficials, plice fficers and firemen, retired teachers t read frm their favrite bks fr students. It als creates themed settings fr read-alud guests.
1. Why is Opening Weeks als called Dughnuts fr Dad?
A. It is first launched by fathers.
B. It aims t increase fathers’ participatin.
C. It tries t remind fathers f their childhd.
D. It attempts t make fathers less wrried abut their kids.
2. What’s the theme f Native American Museum Night?
A. Nature.B. Music.
C. Lcal culture.D. Acting skills.
3. What can students d during Hliday Spectacular?
A. Learn its histry.B. D charity wrk.
C. Exhibit their crafts.D. Exchange their bks.
B
Phnetic (语音的) infrmatin-the smallest sund elements f speech, typically represented by the alphabet-is cnsidered by many linguists (语言学家) t be the fundatin f language. Infants are thught t learn these small sund elements and add them tgether t make wrds. But a new study suggests that phnetic infrmatin is learnt t late and slwly fr this t be the case. Instead, rhythmic infrmatin helps babies learn language by emphasizing the bundaries f individual wrds and is effective even in the first few mnths f life
Researchers frm the University f Cambridge and Trinity Cllege Dublin investigated babies' ability t prcess phnetic infrmatin during their first year. The study fund that phnetic infrmatin wasn't successfully encded until babies were seven mnths ld, and was still rare fr babies at 11 mnths ld when they began t say their first wrds. A sister study has shwn that rhythmic infrmatin was prcessed by babies at tw mnths ld -and individual differences predicted later language utcmes.
Prfessr Givanni Di Libert said, “This is the first evidence we have f hw brain activity relates t phnetic infrmatin changes ver time in respnse t cntinuus speech.” Previusly, studies have relied n cmparing the respnses t nnsense syllables, like "bif" and “bf” instead.
“We believe that rhythmic infrmatin is the hidden glue underpinning the develpment f a well-functining language system,” said Cambridge “Infants can use rhythmic infrmatin like a scaffld r skeletn t add phnetic infrmatin n t. Fr example, they might learn that the rhythm pattern f English wrds is typically strng-weak, as in 'daddy' r 'mummy', with the stress n the first syllable. They can use this rhythm pattern t guess where ne wrd ends and anther begins when listening t natural speech.”
Gswami says that there is a lng histry in trying t explain dyslexia (阅读理解) and develpmental language disrder in terms f phnetic prblems, but the evidence desn't add up. She believes that individual differences in children's language riginate with rhythm.
4. What is the key t babies language learning accrding t the new study?
A. Nnsense syllables.B. Phnetic infrmatin.
C. Rhythmic infrmatin.D. Parent-kid interactin.
5. What des the underlined phrase “add up” in the last paragraph prbably mean?
A. Exist.B. Expand.
C. Seem reasnable.D. Seem frmal.
6. What des Givanni Di Libert think f the new study
A. It is meaningful.
B. It missed adult participants ut.
C. It needs further investigatin.
D. Its result prved the previus assumptin.
7. What can be cncluded frm the study?
A. It's better fr parents t use baby talk.
B. Singing t babies may help them learn a language.
C. It's essential fr babies t be expsed t phnetic infrmatin.
D. Dyslexia results frm pr respnse t cntinuus speech.
C
Scientists frm Tufts University have develped tiny grups f human cells that can mve n their wn-and in a lab experiment, these s-called “anthrbts” inspired sheets f human neurns t repair themselves when damaged. The researchers hpe the cllectins f cells culd ne day be used t treat diseases r aid with healing in humans.
The study cmes n the heels f earlier wrk frm ne f its authrs, wh prduced tiny rbts by stitching tgether frg embry cells. These rbts, knwn as “xenbts”, culd assemble themselves, mve acrss surfaces and travel thrugh liquid.
Since they're nt made frm human cells, xenbts can't be used t treat humans, writes Matthew Hutsn, a freelance science writer. But the anthrbts in the new study culd theretically. Each anthrbt started with a single cell frm an adult human lung. It then grew int a multicellular bibt after being cultured (培养) fr tw weeks.
These lung cells are cvered in cilia. But at this pint in the research, the cilia were grwing inside the clumps f cells. S, fr the next week, the researchers grew the cells in a slutin (溶液) that caused the cilia t face utward instead, enabling these structures t mve the anthrbts, which culd mve in tight lps, travel in straight lines r wiggle in place. Their speed varied as well.
The researchers als tested hw these rbts might heal wunds. They mimicked (模拟) a wund by scratching a layer f neurns in a dish. Then, they intrduced anthrbts t the site f the scratch, and within days, the neurns regrew, bridging the gap created by the wund. The findings shw new structures that might have uses in bimedical settings can be develped withut gene editing and withut having t design the structures manually, the study authrs write.
“Unlike xenbts, anthrbts dn't require tls t give them shape, and we can use adult cells-even cells frm elderly patients-instead f embrynic cells,” says Gizem Gumuskaya, the paper's lead authr. "We can prduce these rbts in large amunts in parallel, which is a gd start fr develping a therapeutic tl.”
8. Hw are the advantages f the anthrbt highlighted in the text?
A. By shwing cmments frm users.B. By explaining sme terms.
C. By making cmparisns.D. By listing the data f questinnaires.
9. What is paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A. The weaknesses f the anthrbt.B. The culture f the anthrbt.
C. The structure f the anthrbt.D. The applicatin f the anthrbt.
10. What is the feature f the anthrbt?
A. It can travel bth n land and in water.B. It requires n genetic mdificatin.
C. It can be applied in a cntrlled way.D. It can develp frm any cells f humans.
11. What can the study benefit?
A. Regenerative medicine.B. New materials.
C. Envirnmental prtectin.D. Individualized educatin.
D
While statin drugs are gd at cntrlling plaques (斑块) in bld vessels, they can't be eliminated nce they are established. But researchers may have just fund a way t blast the circulatry system clean using a cmmn nutrient fund in many fds. That nutrient is manganese, a metallic element with the atmic symbl 25. Manganese is imprtant fr ur health, acting as a cenzyme (辅酶) t help with carbhydrate and fat metablism (新陈代谢) and playing a rle in the prper functin f ur nerves and brains. The element als helps in the frmatin f cnnective tissue, bnes and mre.
Mst peple get enugh manganese thrugh their diets as it is fund in a wide range f fds including whle grains, nuts, leafy vegetables, sme shellfish, black pepper, cffee, tea and mre. Hwever, when manganese is lacking, it can lead t muscle weakness, the malfrmatin f bnes and even seizures. Nw researchers frm a variety f universities have cllabrated n a study that may pint t anther strng reasn fr peple t get their manganese. Wrking with muse mdels, they fund that the element nt nly reduced the lipids (脂质) in the bldstream that lead t plaque build-up, but als helped remve the plaques themselves frm the walls f the bld vessels.
“Manganese is cnsidered as the least understd essential element, mainly playing supprting rles in enzymatic reactins,” said Xia Wang, ne f the lead authrs f the study. “Yet, we've uncvered an active, signaling rle f the manganese in (离子) in cntrlling lipid delivery int the bld.” Wang and his clleagues figured ut that the element can bind t a cmplex needed by lipprteins, chemical carriers that mve lipids including chlesterl and triglycerides, int the bldstream. This cmplex knwn as the cat prtein cmplex II (COPII) needs t maintain a very precise chemical balance that the manganese disrupts (破坏). As a result f this disruptin, the researchers fund that in the mice they studied, even ral manganese dramatically reduced bld cncentratin f lipids and remved plaques that had been established in the rdents' bld vessels.
If the results transfer t human subjects, it culd mean a new path tward clearing ur bld vessels f the plaques that are a majr cntributr t cardivascular disease, rather than just stabilizing them and preventing their grwth, which is the current standard f care achieved thrugh tday's medicatins.
12. What rle des manganese play in the human bdy?
A. Enhancing xygen delivery.
B. Assisting in metablic prcesses.
C. Maintaining the health f bnes and skin.
D Preventing bld frm becming stickier.
13. What cnsequence can arise frm lw manganese levels?
A. Weak muscles.B. Rugh skin.C. Bad temper.D. Weight gain.
14. What des the last paragraph try t shw?
A. The safety f the new drug.
B. The ptential applicatin f manganese.
C. Ways t keep chemical balance.
D. Current treatment fr cardivascular disease.
15. What can be the best title fr the text?
A. The rle f COPII in lipid transprt.
B. The danger f plaques in bld vessels
C. Weigh the benefits and risks f statin drugs
D. Cmmn dietary nutrient blasts bld vessels clean
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many f us are lking fr ways t fall asleep faster at night. While nt spending time n ur phnes right befre trying t nd ff and fcusing n winding dwn instead is ne f the mre bvius ways t fall asleep faster, it wuld seem that ne technique is ging viral n nline platfrms. ____16____ It has 48.3 millin views. What is it?
Accrding t fitness expert Justin Agustin, the strategy fr shut-eye is cmmnly used in the military where peple need t be able t fall asleep whenever they can n matter where they are. Here’s hw t try this yurself.
Start ut by taking sme deep breaths. ____17____ Accrding t Agustin, yu shuld start by relaxing yur frehead muscles befre mving nt yur eyes, cheeks, jaw-all while fcusing n yur breathing.
____18____ Imagine a warm sensatin ging frm the tp f yur head dwn t yur fingertips, befre the warmth travelling frm yur heart t yur tes. Take a deep breath and slwly exhale, relaxing yur stmach, thighs, knees, legs and feet. Think abut ne f the fllwing tw scenaris. ____19____ Tw — yu’re lying in a cane n a calm lake with nthing but a clear blue sky abve yu.
Agustin says that 96% f peple wh can master this technique can drp ff t sleep in just tw minutes. ____20____
A. Then yu shuld take several deep breaths.
B S we’ll definitely be giving it a g tnight.
C. Cntinue this relaxatin prcess dwn yur bdy.
D. Yes, the “Sleep Methd” is enjying great ppularity.
E. One — yu’re lying in a black velvet bed in a pitch-black rm.
F. Next try t cnsciusly relax each part f yur bdy ne by ne.
G. A health prfessinal shared a vide detailing hw t try ut a methd.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On a recent Sunday mrning jg thrugh Prspect Park, Martinus Evans was received like a cnquering champin. Every few minutes, a passing ____21____ wuld smile and nd, cngratulating him as they ____22____.
Mr Evans is the ____23____ f Slw AF Run Club. At 300 punds, he is a ____24____ figure amng runners wh have felt left ut f the sprt. He’s graced the cver f Runner’s Wrld and ____25____ in the ads f sprts brands. And this mnth, he’s releasing his first bk.
The idea fr the club was brn at abut mile 16 f the 2018 New Yrk City Marathn, just after the tiring Queensbr Bridge int Manhattan. Mr Evans was running alng when he ____26____ a man gesturing frm the sidelines.
“Yu’re ____27____, buddy,” the man shuted, adding an implite wrd t indicate just hw slw. “G hme.” Mr Evans tried t ____28____him, and turned his attentin back t the ____29____. Six hurs behind the winner, he _____30_____ finished it in ver eight hurs. But as the bystander repeated his _____31_____ wrd, Mr Evans gt angrier-then _____32_____. The next time he raced, he wre a shirt with that man's phrase, and a cartn f a smiling turtle. When he _____33_____ phts f his new unifrm n scial media, _____34_____ asked fr shirts f their wn. By early 2019, his running club was brn.
He said his driving message is simple: “I want everyne t knw that they can run in the _____35_____ they have right nw.”
21.
A. driverB. runnerC. vlunteerD. cleaner
22.
A. cheered upB. shwed upC. sped byD. std by
23.
A. funderB. cachC. memberD. cunselr
24.
A. cleverB. dishnestC. terribleD. belved
25.
A. registeredB. cmpetedC. appearedD. believed
26.
A. missedB. hitC. defeatedD. nticed
27.
A. clumsyB. injuredC. slwD. ambitius
28.
A. ignreB. persuadeC. vertakeD. defend
29.
A. manB. bridgeC. curseD. river
30.
A barelyB. literallyC. unwillinglyD. eventually
31.
A. humrusB. rudeC. cnfusingD. frank
32.
A. inspiredB. shckedC. depressedD. disappinted
33.
A. prmtedB. identifiedC. tkD. shared
34.
A. peratrsB. spnsrsC. fllwersD. assistants
35.
A. cmpanyB. statusC. issueD. bdy
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Dr Jian Zhu was a mlecular bilgist and virlgist wh wrked with Prfessr Ian Frazer t develp the technlgy tward the Gardasil and Cervarix vaccines (疫苗), ____36____ prtect against viruses that cause cervical cancer.
Brn in Hangzhu, China, Dr Zhu graduated frm Wenzhu Medical Cllege and went n ____37____ (btain) a Master’s degree frm Zhejiang Medical University. He studied fr a PhD at Henan Medical University, ____38____ (cmplete) this in 1987. He received a Dctr f Medicine frm the University f Queensland in 1994. Dr Zhu’s interest in human papillmavirus (HPV) ____39____ (bring) him t Australia in 1990 t jin Prfessr Ian Frazer’s Centre fr Immunlgy and Cancer Research at the University f Queensland. Nearly all cervical cancers are caused by HPV and it ____40____ (believe) that a vaccine against HPV might wrk. The vaccine required a particle that wuld stimulate an immune respnse t the virus, ____41____ causing an infectin. This was a significant fcus f Dr Zhu’s wrk with Prfessr Frazer and in 1990, wrking als with his wife, he succeeded in creating a virus-like particle that was nw the basis ____42____ the Gardasil and Cervarix vaccines.
____43____ (unfrtunate), Dr Zhu died in 1999, at the age f 42. His wrk has had ____44____ huge impact n human health glbally. The Australian Academy f Health and Medical Sciences is therefre delighted t establish an award in _____45_____ (recgnize) f Dr Zhu. The Jian Zhu Medal was made pssible by a generus dnatin frm the Frazer Family Fundatin.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你班英语老师最近决定采用全英文教学，你认为这个决定不太妥当。请你给英语老师写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.说明问题；
2.提出建议。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Dear Ms Wang,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mrs Thmpsn, wh was in her seventies, lived alne in her ld huse, with her children and grandchildren living far away in a big city. Every day, she wuld sit by her windw, watching the wrld g by. Next t her huse lived an eight-year-ld by named Sam. Sam seemed t be always busy. He wuld g t schl, cme hme, d his hmewrk, and then rush ff t his part-time jb at a lcal flwer stre. He was saving up t buy a new bike fr traveling t and frm schl and his part-time jb. His parents struggled with mney, s Sam wanted t ffer his help any way he culd.
One day, Mrs Thmpsn nticed that Sam seemed sad. She called him ver and asked, “Yu seem t be unhappy. What’s wrng, dear? Is everything kay at schl? D yu need help with any f yur hmewrk?”
Sam hesitated, and then said, “I have a big test cming up, but I dn’t have time t study. I have t wrk part-time at that flwer stre every day after schl.”
Mrs Thmpsn thught fr a mment. “Hw abut this?” she ffered. “I can help yu. Cme ver after schl, and I’ll watch ver yu while yu study. I can even make sme snacks fr yu.”
Sam’s eyes lit up. “Really? That wuld be very amazing, Mrs Thmpsn!”
And s, it began. Every day after schl, Sam wuld cme ver t Mrs Thmpsn’s huse. She wuld prepare sme delicius ckies r a sandwich fr him, and quietly, he wuld sit at her ld wden table and study. Mrs Thmpsn wuld knit r read a bk, ccasinally helping Sam with a tugh questin.
As the days went by, Sam’s grades imprved gradually. He and Mrs Thmpsn became clse friends. They wuld talk abut everything—frm his dreams f ging t cllege t her memries f her yuth.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
One day, Sam came hme frm his jb t find a new bike waiting fr him.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Years passed, and Sam went ff t cllege.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
本试卷共150分 考试时间120分钟
注意事项:
1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一节 听力(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What des the girl think f her mther?
A. Lving. B. Annying. C. Cnsiderate.
2. What are the speakers ding?
A. Watching a game. B. Ding a survey. C.Running.
3. Why is the man s excited?
A. He was prmted.
B. He bught a new car.
C. He gt a large sum f mney.
4. What majr will the by prbably chse in cllege?
A. Astrnmy. B. Medicine. C. Marine bilgy.
5. What des the man mean?
A. The diet is wrth a try.
B The article is unreliable.
C The wman shuld exercise mre.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What des the girl say abut her rmmate?
A. She is knwledgeable.
B. She lves math best
C. She is easy t get alng with.
7 What's the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Father and daughter. C.Teacher and student.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What d Alex's Spanish classes include besides language lessns?
A. Music lessns. B. Cking lessns. C. Cultural lessns.
9. What des Alex plan t d?
A. Visit Spain. B Take a test. C. Find a study partner.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is Max's science prject fr the schl fair?
A. A slar panel. B. A mdel f a vlcan. C. A mini fan.
11. What is Jenna's prject abut?
A. Sustainable agriculture. B. Slar pwer. C. Water cnservatin.
12. What did Max use t make his prject?
A. Baking sda and vinegar. B. Paper and a fan. C.Pwder and water.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is being rganized by the speakers?
A. A hiking activity. B. A marathn race. C. A cycling event.
14. Hw lng is the rute?
A. 10 miles. B. 20 miles. C. 30 miles.
15. What are planned alng the rute?(
A. Cheerleaders.
B. Shpping stalls.
C. Rest stps with refreshments.
16. Where can participants register fr the event?
A. Online.
B. At the sprts center.
C. At the cmmunity center.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Wh is the speaker prbably talking t?
A. New salesmen. B. New engineers. C. New accuntants.
18. When are the new hires suppsed t arrive n December 20?
A. At 9:00 am. B. At 8:30 am. C. At 8:00 am.
19. What will the new hires get n the first day?
A. A special cup. B. A free breakfast. C. A welcming email.
20. What will the new hires d in the afternn n the first day?
A. Tur arund the cmpany.
B. Meet with the general manager.
C. Have the cmputer set up.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Any day f the schl year is a great day fr an event! Here are sme.
Opening Weeks
Many schls use the pening weeks f schl as the ccasin fr hlding special Pastries fr Parents' Day. Since Grandparents' Day is celebrated in, September, this mnth is als a great time t hld a Gdies fr Grandparents event r a Grandparents BBQ. Principal Dnnette McNeill-Waters says, “We have als called this event Dughnuts fr Dad in a specific attempt t get mre fathers invlved.”
Native American Museum Night
Nvember is American Indian and Alaska Native Heritage Mnth: With that in mind, wuldn't this mnth be the perfect time t fcus student learning and a special parent night n the heritage f Native Americans? The students prepare prjects related t a tribe f their chices. Thse prjects integrate histry with language arts, cmmunicatin, and presentatin skills.
Hliday Spectacular
December is a busy mnth fr everybdy. But what wuld the hlidays be withut the annual hliday cncert? Meanwhile, the lcal nursing hmes r hmeless shelters will be cnsidered. Take the shw n the rad and share the gd will. A cash dnatin that will be turned ver t the lcal rganizatins is als a gd chice.
Reading at Hme
The event requires children t lg their reading bks and hurs. It lasts fr several mnths and culminates in the Reading at Hme evening at schl. It invites guest readers, like lcal fficials, plice fficers and firemen, retired teachers t read frm their favrite bks fr students. It als creates themed settings fr read-alud guests.
1. Why is Opening Weeks als called Dughnuts fr Dad?
A. It is first launched by fathers.
B. It aims t increase fathers’ participatin.
C. It tries t remind fathers f their childhd.
D. It attempts t make fathers less wrried abut their kids.
2. What’s the theme f Native American Museum Night?
A. Nature.B. Music.
C. Lcal culture.D. Acting skills.
3. What can students d during Hliday Spectacular?
A. Learn its histry.B. D charity wrk.
C. Exhibit their crafts.D. Exchange their bks.
B
Phnetic (语音的) infrmatin-the smallest sund elements f speech, typically represented by the alphabet-is cnsidered by many linguists (语言学家) t be the fundatin f language. Infants are thught t learn these small sund elements and add them tgether t make wrds. But a new study suggests that phnetic infrmatin is learnt t late and slwly fr this t be the case. Instead, rhythmic infrmatin helps babies learn language by emphasizing the bundaries f individual wrds and is effective even in the first few mnths f life
Researchers frm the University f Cambridge and Trinity Cllege Dublin investigated babies' ability t prcess phnetic infrmatin during their first year. The study fund that phnetic infrmatin wasn't successfully encded until babies were seven mnths ld, and was still rare fr babies at 11 mnths ld when they began t say their first wrds. A sister study has shwn that rhythmic infrmatin was prcessed by babies at tw mnths ld -and individual differences predicted later language utcmes.
Prfessr Givanni Di Libert said, “This is the first evidence we have f hw brain activity relates t phnetic infrmatin changes ver time in respnse t cntinuus speech.” Previusly, studies have relied n cmparing the respnses t nnsense syllables, like "bif" and “bf” instead.
“We believe that rhythmic infrmatin is the hidden glue underpinning the develpment f a well-functining language system,” said Cambridge “Infants can use rhythmic infrmatin like a scaffld r skeletn t add phnetic infrmatin n t. Fr example, they might learn that the rhythm pattern f English wrds is typically strng-weak, as in 'daddy' r 'mummy', with the stress n the first syllable. They can use this rhythm pattern t guess where ne wrd ends and anther begins when listening t natural speech.”
Gswami says that there is a lng histry in trying t explain dyslexia (阅读理解) and develpmental language disrder in terms f phnetic prblems, but the evidence desn't add up. She believes that individual differences in children's language riginate with rhythm.
4. What is the key t babies language learning accrding t the new study?
A. Nnsense syllables.B. Phnetic infrmatin.
C. Rhythmic infrmatin.D. Parent-kid interactin.
5. What des the underlined phrase “add up” in the last paragraph prbably mean?
A. Exist.B. Expand.
C. Seem reasnable.D. Seem frmal.
6. What des Givanni Di Libert think f the new study
A. It is meaningful.
B. It missed adult participants ut.
C. It needs further investigatin.
D. Its result prved the previus assumptin.
7. What can be cncluded frm the study?
A. It's better fr parents t use baby talk.
B. Singing t babies may help them learn a language.
C. It's essential fr babies t be expsed t phnetic infrmatin.
D. Dyslexia results frm pr respnse t cntinuus speech.
C
Scientists frm Tufts University have develped tiny grups f human cells that can mve n their wn-and in a lab experiment, these s-called “anthrbts” inspired sheets f human neurns t repair themselves when damaged. The researchers hpe the cllectins f cells culd ne day be used t treat diseases r aid with healing in humans.
The study cmes n the heels f earlier wrk frm ne f its authrs, wh prduced tiny rbts by stitching tgether frg embry cells. These rbts, knwn as “xenbts”, culd assemble themselves, mve acrss surfaces and travel thrugh liquid.
Since they're nt made frm human cells, xenbts can't be used t treat humans, writes Matthew Hutsn, a freelance science writer. But the anthrbts in the new study culd theretically. Each anthrbt started with a single cell frm an adult human lung. It then grew int a multicellular bibt after being cultured (培养) fr tw weeks.
These lung cells are cvered in cilia. But at this pint in the research, the cilia were grwing inside the clumps f cells. S, fr the next week, the researchers grew the cells in a slutin (溶液) that caused the cilia t face utward instead, enabling these structures t mve the anthrbts, which culd mve in tight lps, travel in straight lines r wiggle in place. Their speed varied as well.
The researchers als tested hw these rbts might heal wunds. They mimicked (模拟) a wund by scratching a layer f neurns in a dish. Then, they intrduced anthrbts t the site f the scratch, and within days, the neurns regrew, bridging the gap created by the wund. The findings shw new structures that might have uses in bimedical settings can be develped withut gene editing and withut having t design the structures manually, the study authrs write.
“Unlike xenbts, anthrbts dn't require tls t give them shape, and we can use adult cells-even cells frm elderly patients-instead f embrynic cells,” says Gizem Gumuskaya, the paper's lead authr. "We can prduce these rbts in large amunts in parallel, which is a gd start fr develping a therapeutic tl.”
8. Hw are the advantages f the anthrbt highlighted in the text?
A. By shwing cmments frm users.B. By explaining sme terms.
C. By making cmparisns.D. By listing the data f questinnaires.
9. What is paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A. The weaknesses f the anthrbt.B. The culture f the anthrbt.
C. The structure f the anthrbt.D. The applicatin f the anthrbt.
10. What is the feature f the anthrbt?
A. It can travel bth n land and in water.B. It requires n genetic mdificatin.
C. It can be applied in a cntrlled way.D. It can develp frm any cells f humans.
11. What can the study benefit?
A. Regenerative medicine.B. New materials.
C. Envirnmental prtectin.D. Individualized educatin.
D
While statin drugs are gd at cntrlling plaques (斑块) in bld vessels, they can't be eliminated nce they are established. But researchers may have just fund a way t blast the circulatry system clean using a cmmn nutrient fund in many fds. That nutrient is manganese, a metallic element with the atmic symbl 25. Manganese is imprtant fr ur health, acting as a cenzyme (辅酶) t help with carbhydrate and fat metablism (新陈代谢) and playing a rle in the prper functin f ur nerves and brains. The element als helps in the frmatin f cnnective tissue, bnes and mre.
Mst peple get enugh manganese thrugh their diets as it is fund in a wide range f fds including whle grains, nuts, leafy vegetables, sme shellfish, black pepper, cffee, tea and mre. Hwever, when manganese is lacking, it can lead t muscle weakness, the malfrmatin f bnes and even seizures. Nw researchers frm a variety f universities have cllabrated n a study that may pint t anther strng reasn fr peple t get their manganese. Wrking with muse mdels, they fund that the element nt nly reduced the lipids (脂质) in the bldstream that lead t plaque build-up, but als helped remve the plaques themselves frm the walls f the bld vessels.
“Manganese is cnsidered as the least understd essential element, mainly playing supprting rles in enzymatic reactins,” said Xia Wang, ne f the lead authrs f the study. “Yet, we've uncvered an active, signaling rle f the manganese in (离子) in cntrlling lipid delivery int the bld.” Wang and his clleagues figured ut that the element can bind t a cmplex needed by lipprteins, chemical carriers that mve lipids including chlesterl and triglycerides, int the bldstream. This cmplex knwn as the cat prtein cmplex II (COPII) needs t maintain a very precise chemical balance that the manganese disrupts (破坏). As a result f this disruptin, the researchers fund that in the mice they studied, even ral manganese dramatically reduced bld cncentratin f lipids and remved plaques that had been established in the rdents' bld vessels.
If the results transfer t human subjects, it culd mean a new path tward clearing ur bld vessels f the plaques that are a majr cntributr t cardivascular disease, rather than just stabilizing them and preventing their grwth, which is the current standard f care achieved thrugh tday's medicatins.
12. What rle des manganese play in the human bdy?
A. Enhancing xygen delivery.
B. Assisting in metablic prcesses.
C. Maintaining the health f bnes and skin.
D Preventing bld frm becming stickier.
13. What cnsequence can arise frm lw manganese levels?
A. Weak muscles.B. Rugh skin.C. Bad temper.D. Weight gain.
14. What des the last paragraph try t shw?
A. The safety f the new drug.
B. The ptential applicatin f manganese.
C. Ways t keep chemical balance.
D. Current treatment fr cardivascular disease.
15. What can be the best title fr the text?
A. The rle f COPII in lipid transprt.
B. The danger f plaques in bld vessels
C. Weigh the benefits and risks f statin drugs
D. Cmmn dietary nutrient blasts bld vessels clean
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many f us are lking fr ways t fall asleep faster at night. While nt spending time n ur phnes right befre trying t nd ff and fcusing n winding dwn instead is ne f the mre bvius ways t fall asleep faster, it wuld seem that ne technique is ging viral n nline platfrms. ____16____ It has 48.3 millin views. What is it?
Accrding t fitness expert Justin Agustin, the strategy fr shut-eye is cmmnly used in the military where peple need t be able t fall asleep whenever they can n matter where they are. Here’s hw t try this yurself.
Start ut by taking sme deep breaths. ____17____ Accrding t Agustin, yu shuld start by relaxing yur frehead muscles befre mving nt yur eyes, cheeks, jaw-all while fcusing n yur breathing.
____18____ Imagine a warm sensatin ging frm the tp f yur head dwn t yur fingertips, befre the warmth travelling frm yur heart t yur tes. Take a deep breath and slwly exhale, relaxing yur stmach, thighs, knees, legs and feet. Think abut ne f the fllwing tw scenaris. ____19____ Tw — yu’re lying in a cane n a calm lake with nthing but a clear blue sky abve yu.
Agustin says that 96% f peple wh can master this technique can drp ff t sleep in just tw minutes. ____20____
A. Then yu shuld take several deep breaths.
B S we’ll definitely be giving it a g tnight.
C. Cntinue this relaxatin prcess dwn yur bdy.
D. Yes, the “Sleep Methd” is enjying great ppularity.
E. One — yu’re lying in a black velvet bed in a pitch-black rm.
F. Next try t cnsciusly relax each part f yur bdy ne by ne.
G. A health prfessinal shared a vide detailing hw t try ut a methd.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On a recent Sunday mrning jg thrugh Prspect Park, Martinus Evans was received like a cnquering champin. Every few minutes, a passing ____21____ wuld smile and nd, cngratulating him as they ____22____.
Mr Evans is the ____23____ f Slw AF Run Club. At 300 punds, he is a ____24____ figure amng runners wh have felt left ut f the sprt. He’s graced the cver f Runner’s Wrld and ____25____ in the ads f sprts brands. And this mnth, he’s releasing his first bk.
The idea fr the club was brn at abut mile 16 f the 2018 New Yrk City Marathn, just after the tiring Queensbr Bridge int Manhattan. Mr Evans was running alng when he ____26____ a man gesturing frm the sidelines.
“Yu’re ____27____, buddy,” the man shuted, adding an implite wrd t indicate just hw slw. “G hme.” Mr Evans tried t ____28____him, and turned his attentin back t the ____29____. Six hurs behind the winner, he _____30_____ finished it in ver eight hurs. But as the bystander repeated his _____31_____ wrd, Mr Evans gt angrier-then _____32_____. The next time he raced, he wre a shirt with that man's phrase, and a cartn f a smiling turtle. When he _____33_____ phts f his new unifrm n scial media, _____34_____ asked fr shirts f their wn. By early 2019, his running club was brn.
He said his driving message is simple: “I want everyne t knw that they can run in the _____35_____ they have right nw.”
21.
A. driverB. runnerC. vlunteerD. cleaner
22.
A. cheered upB. shwed upC. sped byD. std by
23.
A. funderB. cachC. memberD. cunselr
24.
A. cleverB. dishnestC. terribleD. belved
25.
A. registeredB. cmpetedC. appearedD. believed
26.
A. missedB. hitC. defeatedD. nticed
27.
A. clumsyB. injuredC. slwD. ambitius
28.
A. ignreB. persuadeC. vertakeD. defend
29.
A. manB. bridgeC. curseD. river
30.
A barelyB. literallyC. unwillinglyD. eventually
31.
A. humrusB. rudeC. cnfusingD. frank
32.
A. inspiredB. shckedC. depressedD. disappinted
33.
A. prmtedB. identifiedC. tkD. shared
34.
A. peratrsB. spnsrsC. fllwersD. assistants
35.
A. cmpanyB. statusC. issueD. bdy
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Dr Jian Zhu was a mlecular bilgist and virlgist wh wrked with Prfessr Ian Frazer t develp the technlgy tward the Gardasil and Cervarix vaccines (疫苗), ____36____ prtect against viruses that cause cervical cancer.
Brn in Hangzhu, China, Dr Zhu graduated frm Wenzhu Medical Cllege and went n ____37____ (btain) a Master’s degree frm Zhejiang Medical University. He studied fr a PhD at Henan Medical University, ____38____ (cmplete) this in 1987. He received a Dctr f Medicine frm the University f Queensland in 1994. Dr Zhu’s interest in human papillmavirus (HPV) ____39____ (bring) him t Australia in 1990 t jin Prfessr Ian Frazer’s Centre fr Immunlgy and Cancer Research at the University f Queensland. Nearly all cervical cancers are caused by HPV and it ____40____ (believe) that a vaccine against HPV might wrk. The vaccine required a particle that wuld stimulate an immune respnse t the virus, ____41____ causing an infectin. This was a significant fcus f Dr Zhu’s wrk with Prfessr Frazer and in 1990, wrking als with his wife, he succeeded in creating a virus-like particle that was nw the basis ____42____ the Gardasil and Cervarix vaccines.
____43____ (unfrtunate), Dr Zhu died in 1999, at the age f 42. His wrk has had ____44____ huge impact n human health glbally. The Australian Academy f Health and Medical Sciences is therefre delighted t establish an award in _____45_____ (recgnize) f Dr Zhu. The Jian Zhu Medal was made pssible by a generus dnatin frm the Frazer Family Fundatin.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你班英语老师最近决定采用全英文教学，你认为这个决定不太妥当。请你给英语老师写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.说明问题；
2.提出建议。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Dear Ms Wang,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mrs Thmpsn, wh was in her seventies, lived alne in her ld huse, with her children and grandchildren living far away in a big city. Every day, she wuld sit by her windw, watching the wrld g by. Next t her huse lived an eight-year-ld by named Sam. Sam seemed t be always busy. He wuld g t schl, cme hme, d his hmewrk, and then rush ff t his part-time jb at a lcal flwer stre. He was saving up t buy a new bike fr traveling t and frm schl and his part-time jb. His parents struggled with mney, s Sam wanted t ffer his help any way he culd.
One day, Mrs Thmpsn nticed that Sam seemed sad. She called him ver and asked, “Yu seem t be unhappy. What’s wrng, dear? Is everything kay at schl? D yu need help with any f yur hmewrk?”
Sam hesitated, and then said, “I have a big test cming up, but I dn’t have time t study. I have t wrk part-time at that flwer stre every day after schl.”
Mrs Thmpsn thught fr a mment. “Hw abut this?” she ffered. “I can help yu. Cme ver after schl, and I’ll watch ver yu while yu study. I can even make sme snacks fr yu.”
Sam’s eyes lit up. “Really? That wuld be very amazing, Mrs Thmpsn!”
And s, it began. Every day after schl, Sam wuld cme ver t Mrs Thmpsn’s huse. She wuld prepare sme delicius ckies r a sandwich fr him, and quietly, he wuld sit at her ld wden table and study. Mrs Thmpsn wuld knit r read a bk, ccasinally helping Sam with a tugh questin.
As the days went by, Sam’s grades imprved gradually. He and Mrs Thmpsn became clse friends. They wuld talk abut everything—frm his dreams f ging t cllege t her memries f her yuth.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
One day, Sam came hme frm his jb t find a new bike waiting fr him.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Years passed, and Sam went ff t cllege.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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