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人教版中考英语语法专项复习 专题十二 简单句和复合句 课件
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这是一份人教版中考英语语法专项复习 专题十二 简单句和复合句 课件，共35页。PPT课件主要包含了模拟考题，图解语法，考点1 简单句，简单句的基本句型，考点2 复合句，并列复合句，主从复合句，1连接词，关系从句，关系代词的用法等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1.主语+系动词+表语①These bks are interesting. 主语 系动词 表语②He became a teacher. 主语 系动词 表语
2.主语+谓语（不及物动词）（+状语）His first bk came ut in 2021. 主语 谓语 状语
3.主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语（+状语）My sister bught a very gd bk yesterday. 主语 谓语 宾语 状语
4.主语+谓语（及物动词）+间接宾语+直接宾语My aunt sent me chclates. 主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语
5.主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语+宾语补足语Running makes me strng. 主语 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语
6.存现句［2015.43］There are many bks in his schlbag.There be 主语 状语
●存现句的结构There be +主语 +其他成分
●存现句的变化肯定句式 There is a cat in the rm.There be 主语 状语
否定句式 There is . .nt a bank nearby.There be nt 主语 状语疑问句式 Are there any bks in the bx? Be there 主语 状语
●存现句的时态一般现在时：There is/are+主语（+其他）一般过去时：There was/were+主语（+其他）一般将来时：There is/are ging t be/will be+主语（+其他）
●存现句中的主谓一致 There be句型中be动词的形式要与离它最近的主语保持一致，即遵循"就近原则"。如：There is a tree and sme flwers in the garden.
并列复合句是指由并列连词and, but, r等把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。常见的并列连词的用法讲解见专题六 连词→考点1 并列连词。
初中阶段学习的主从复合句主要包括宾语从句、状语从句和关系从句。
1.宾语从句 安徽近10年中考真题在单项填空和完形填空中涉及对宾语从句连接词的考查,具体考查情况为：hw［2020.29; 2017.41］, when［2016.38; 2014.38］, why［2018.39］，whether［2021.28］。
（2）语序 不管整个句子是表示肯定还是表示疑问，宾语从句都采用陈述语序。如：
① I knw when I can get the result f the test. 我知道我什么时候能得知测验结果。
②Can yu tell me where I can get my car repaired? 你能告诉我到哪里修车吗？
（3）时态①主句：一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时 →宾语从句：根据实际情况而定 I dn't knw when he left last night. 我不知道昨晚他何时离开的。②主句：一般过去时、过去进行时 →宾语从句：与过去相关的某种时态 I didn't knw wh she was. 我不知道她是谁。③主句：任意时态 →宾语从句（说明客观事实或真理）:一般现在时 My teacher said that the mn mves rund the Earth.我的老师说过月亮围着地球转。
2.状语从句 状语从句由从属连词引导，按其用途主要分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、让步状语从句和结果状语从句等。状语从句是安徽中考的必考点，主要在单项填空和完形填空中进行考查。常考的词有：thugh, unless, if, since, because, until, while, as, befre等。
（1）状语从句的分类和用法（讲解见专题六 连词 →考点2 从属连词）
（2）主句和从句的时态①主将从现（时间、条件状语从句中）:主句：一般将来时 →从句：一般现在时表将来 If it desn't rain tmrrw, we will visit the Great Wall. 如果明天不下雨，我们将去游览长城。②主现从现：主句：祈使句或主句中有情态动词 →从句：一般现在时表将来 Yu can get gd grades if yu study hard. 你如果努力学习，就能取得好成绩。
③过去时态：主句：一般过去时/过去进行时 →从句：一般过去时/过去进行时 Smene kncked at the dr when we were having supper. 当我们正在吃晚饭的时候，有人敲门。
The hrse that I rde was lazy. 我骑的那匹马很懒。The pht which we liked best was taken by Lily. 我们最喜欢的照片是由莉莉拍摄的。
（1）关系代词只能用that，不能用which的情况①当先行词为all，anything, smething, everything, nthing, few等不定代词时。如：There is nthing that can stp him frm ding it. 没有任何东西能够阻止他做这件事。②当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如：This is the mst expensive gift （that） I have ever gt. 这是我收到的最贵的礼物。
③当先行词被the very, the nly, the same等修饰时。如：This is the very bk （that） yu want.这正是你想要的那本书。④当先行词中既有人又有物时。如：They are talking f the designers and their wrks that interest them. 他们正在谈论他们感兴趣的设计师及其作品。
（2）关系代词只能用which,不能用that的情况①引导非限制性关系从句时。如：His best mvie, which wn several prizes, was abut the life f a pr wman.他最优秀的电影，就是荣获几项大奖的那一部，是关于一个贫穷女人的生平的。②关系词前有介词时。如：This is the city in which I nce lived. 这就是我曾居住过的城市。
（3）关系代词的省略 不管关系从句修饰的是人还是物，如果关系词在从句中作宾语，通常可以省略。但当关系词which、whm在从句中作介词的宾语并且介词置于关系代词前时，不可省略。如：I remember the day n which I saw yu fr the first time. 我记得我第一次见你的那一天。
1.[2016安徽中考] —Lk at the stne bridge! D yu knw___it was built?—In the 1860s. It is quite ld.
A.whenB.hwC.whereD.why
2.[2014安徽中考] Rick has learned a lt abut Chinese culture ___ he came t China.
A.befreB.whenC.untilD.since
3.It can be difficult t fly a kite ___ there's a wind.
A.unlessB.whenC.becauseD.thugh
4.—D yu knw ___sme animals sleep fr the whle winter?—One f the reasns is that they can't find enugh fd.
A.hwB.whyC.whereD.when
5.___ we wrk hard， we'll make ur life full f happiness．
A.IfB.UnlessC.ThughD.Befre
6.Hurry up, ___ we will miss the last subway.
A.butB.andC.rD.s
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
D yu believe a rse plant says "I want sme water" 1.____ that a tree shuts "My arms hurt"? Maybe yu will say 2._____ this culd nly happen in sme children's stries.
In fact, plants are nt always silent. A recent study has fund plants shut 3.______ they are in need f water. Even in a quiet field, there are actually sme sunds 4._______ carry infrmatin. Hwever, the pitch （音高） is t high fr peple t hear. "There 5.___ a pssibility that a lt f cmmunicatin is happening," Prfessr Hadany said.
1.—There ___ a basketball game against Class Tw this Sunday.—I see. I will cme and cheer yu n.
A.is ging t beB.will haveC.is ging t haveD.was ging t be
2.[2023宿迁中考] —There ___ a lt f new magazines in ur schl reading rm.—Oh, really? Shall we g there this afternn?
A.isB.wasC.areD.were
3.—The number f wrds yu remember depends n ___ yu review them.—I agree with yu, and I g ver wrds every few days.
A.hw snB.hw lngC.hw ftenD.hw far
4.—I am wndering ___ yu'd like t cme t my party tmrrw.—I'm afraid I can't because I'm nt feeling well these days.
A.hwB.whenC.whyD.whether
5.—Culd yu tell me ___ yu will g t the hspital?—Sure. My grandpa is ill, and I want t lk after him.
6.—Culd yu please tell me ___the ancient Silk Rad started？—In the Han Dynasty.
A.whereB.whenC.hwD.why
7.[2023合肥包河区三模] —D yu think we can get t the airprt n time?—Yes, ___ the car desn't break dwn.
A.thughB.unlessC.ifD.until
8.I will never frget the peple ___ have helped me and encuraged me during the past three years.
A.whichB.whC.whseD.whm
请根据短文内容，从方框中选择适当的词填空。每词限用一次。
Lazi is a great man in China. He tells us 1._____ the best character is just like water. All life in the wrld cannt live withut water, 2._____ water never asks fr anything in return. It just keeps giving quietly. It seems that we have always taken qualities like bravery and tughness （坚韧） as virtues （美德）, but we shuld nt frget 3.______ water has taught us.
In dealing with peple, we can act like water. D ur best t help thers withut trying t get praise r mney 4._____ stay humble （谦虚的）. It is unwise t always talk abut the help yu gave t thers. Remember water will nt chse 5._______ it will g; it just flws t the place where it is needed.
1.主语+系动词+表语①These bks are interesting. 主语 系动词 表语②He became a teacher. 主语 系动词 表语
2.主语+谓语（不及物动词）（+状语）His first bk came ut in 2021. 主语 谓语 状语
3.主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语（+状语）My sister bught a very gd bk yesterday. 主语 谓语 宾语 状语
4.主语+谓语（及物动词）+间接宾语+直接宾语My aunt sent me chclates. 主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语
5.主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语+宾语补足语Running makes me strng. 主语 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语
6.存现句［2015.43］There are many bks in his schlbag.There be 主语 状语
●存现句的结构
●存现句的变化
●存现句的时态一般现在时：There is/are+主语（+其他）一般过去时：There was/were+主语（+其他）一般将来时：There is/are ging t be/will be+主语（+其他）
●存现句中的主谓一致 There be句型中be动词的形式要与离它最近的主语保持一致，即遵循"就近原则"。如：There is a tree and sme flwers in the garden.
并列复合句是指由并列连词and, but, r等把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。常见的并列连词的用法讲解见专题六 连词→考点1 并列连词。
初中阶段学习的主从复合句主要包括宾语从句、状语从句和关系从句。
1.宾语从句 安徽近10年中考真题在单项填空和完形填空中涉及对宾语从句连接词的考查,具体考查情况为：hw［2020.29; 2017.41］, when［2016.38; 2014.38］, why［2018.39］，whether［2021.28］。
（2）语序 不管整个句子是表示肯定还是表示疑问，宾语从句都采用陈述语序。如：
① I knw when I can get the result f the test. 我知道我什么时候能得知测验结果。
②Can yu tell me where I can get my car repaired? 你能告诉我到哪里修车吗？
（3）时态①
2.状语从句 状语从句由从属连词引导，按其用途主要分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、让步状语从句和结果状语从句等。状语从句是安徽中考的必考点，主要在单项填空和完形填空中进行考查。常考的词有：thugh, unless, if, since, because, until, while, as, befre等。
（1）状语从句的分类和用法（讲解见专题六 连词 →考点2 从属连词）
（2）主句和从句的时态①主将从现（时间、条件状语从句中）:
③过去时态：
The hrse that I rde was lazy. 我骑的那匹马很懒。The pht which we liked best was taken by Lily. 我们最喜欢的照片是由莉莉拍摄的。
（1）关系代词只能用that，不能用which的情况①当先行词为all，anything, smething, everything, nthing, few等不定代词时。如：There is nthing that can stp him frm ding it. 没有任何东西能够阻止他做这件事。②当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如：This is the mst expensive gift （that） I have ever gt. 这是我收到的最贵的礼物。
③当先行词被the very, the nly, the same等修饰时。如：This is the very bk （that） yu want.这正是你想要的那本书。④当先行词中既有人又有物时。如：They are talking f the designers and their wrks that interest them. 他们正在谈论他们感兴趣的设计师及其作品。
（2）关系代词只能用which,不能用that的情况①引导非限制性关系从句时。如：His best mvie, which wn several prizes, was abut the life f a pr wman.他最优秀的电影，就是荣获几项大奖的那一部，是关于一个贫穷女人的生平的。②关系词前有介词时。如：This is the city in which I nce lived. 这就是我曾居住过的城市。
（3）关系代词的省略 不管关系从句修饰的是人还是物，如果关系词在从句中作宾语，通常可以省略。但当关系词which、whm在从句中作介词的宾语并且介词置于关系代词前时，不可省略。如：I remember the day n which I saw yu fr the first time. 我记得我第一次见你的那一天。
1.[2016安徽中考] —Lk at the stne bridge! D yu knw___it was built?—In the 1860s. It is quite ld.
A.whenB.hwC.whereD.why
2.[2014安徽中考] Rick has learned a lt abut Chinese culture ___ he came t China.
A.befreB.whenC.untilD.since
3.It can be difficult t fly a kite ___ there's a wind.
A.unlessB.whenC.becauseD.thugh
4.—D yu knw ___sme animals sleep fr the whle winter?—One f the reasns is that they can't find enugh fd.
A.hwB.whyC.whereD.when
5.___ we wrk hard， we'll make ur life full f happiness．
A.IfB.UnlessC.ThughD.Befre
6.Hurry up, ___ we will miss the last subway.
A.butB.andC.rD.s
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
D yu believe a rse plant says "I want sme water" 1.____ that a tree shuts "My arms hurt"? Maybe yu will say 2._____ this culd nly happen in sme children's stries.
In fact, plants are nt always silent. A recent study has fund plants shut 3.______ they are in need f water. Even in a quiet field, there are actually sme sunds 4._______ carry infrmatin. Hwever, the pitch （音高） is t high fr peple t hear. "There 5.___ a pssibility that a lt f cmmunicatin is happening," Prfessr Hadany said.
1.—There ___ a basketball game against Class Tw this Sunday.—I see. I will cme and cheer yu n.
A.is ging t beB.will haveC.is ging t haveD.was ging t be
2.[2023宿迁中考] —There ___ a lt f new magazines in ur schl reading rm.—Oh, really? Shall we g there this afternn?
A.isB.wasC.areD.were
3.—The number f wrds yu remember depends n ___ yu review them.—I agree with yu, and I g ver wrds every few days.
A.hw snB.hw lngC.hw ftenD.hw far
4.—I am wndering ___ yu'd like t cme t my party tmrrw.—I'm afraid I can't because I'm nt feeling well these days.
A.hwB.whenC.whyD.whether
5.—Culd yu tell me ___ yu will g t the hspital?—Sure. My grandpa is ill, and I want t lk after him.
6.—Culd yu please tell me ___the ancient Silk Rad started？—In the Han Dynasty.
A.whereB.whenC.hwD.why
7.[2023合肥包河区三模] —D yu think we can get t the airprt n time?—Yes, ___ the car desn't break dwn.
A.thughB.unlessC.ifD.until
8.I will never frget the peple ___ have helped me and encuraged me during the past three years.
A.whichB.whC.whseD.whm
请根据短文内容，从方框中选择适当的词填空。每词限用一次。
Lazi is a great man in China. He tells us 1._____ the best character is just like water. All life in the wrld cannt live withut water, 2._____ water never asks fr anything in return. It just keeps giving quietly. It seems that we have always taken qualities like bravery and tughness （坚韧） as virtues （美德）, but we shuld nt frget 3.______ water has taught us.
In dealing with peple, we can act like water. D ur best t help thers withut trying t get praise r mney 4._____ stay humble （谦虚的）. It is unwise t always talk abut the help yu gave t thers. Remember water will nt chse 5._______ it will g; it just flws t the place where it is needed.
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