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人教版中考英语语法专项复习 专题二 动词和动词短语 课件
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这是一份人教版中考英语语法专项复习 专题二 动词和动词短语 课件，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了模拟考题，图解语法，考点1 动词，实义动词，系动词，助动词，情态动词，考点2 动词短语，常考的动词短语类型，常考的动词短语等内容，欢迎下载使用。
实义动词也叫行为动词，有实在意义，能独立作谓语。按其句法功能可分为及物动词和不及物动词；按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词和非延续性动词。
1.及物动词 及物动词本身意义不完整，需接宾语才能使其意思表达完整。及物动词常用于以下几种结构中：
（1）主语+及物动词+宾语I ften play sccer. 我经常踢足球。
（2）主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语They cnsider him the best writer. 他们认为他是最优秀的作家。
（3）主语+及物动词+宾语+不定式Mr. Li encuraged me t study hard. 李老师鼓励我努力学习。
（4）主语+及物动词+疑问代词/疑问副词+不定式I dn't knw where t g. 我不知道要去哪里。
（5）主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语He wanted t buy himself a new pair f shes. 他想给自己买双新鞋。
2.不及物动词 不及物动词本身意义完整，无须接宾语，构成"主语+谓语"的句型，若要跟宾语，其后必须加上相应的介词，构成"主语+谓语+介词+宾语"的句型。如：We shuld listen t the teacher carefully. 我们应该认真听老师讲课。【注意】有些动词既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词，如：begin, learn, read, imprve, study等。
延续性动词&非延续性动词（1）延续性动词也叫持续性动词，表示动作是可以持续的，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。如：wrk, live, keep, study, sleep, rain, lie, knw, read等。Yu can keep the dictinary fr three weeks. 这本字典你可以借三周。（2）非延续性动词也叫短暂性动词，表示瞬间动作，一般不和表示一段时间的状语连用。如：cme, g, begin, clse, die, brrw, stp, leave等。He left his hmetwn ten years ag. 十年前他离开了家乡。
系动词本身有词义，但不能单独作谓语，其后必须接表语，构成系表结构，说明主语的状态、性质、特征或身份。具体分类如下：
英语中的助动词有be （am, is, are, was, were）, d （des, did）, have （has, had）, shall, will, shuld, wuld等。助动词本身没有意义或意义不完整，不可单独作谓语，只能和它后面的动词一起构成谓语，以表示时态、语态、人称和数，还可构成否定、疑问或强调的句型。
情态动词本身有一定的含义，表示说话人的情感和态度，不可单独作谓语，必须和其他动词连用构成谓语。
情态动词的特点：（1）其后接动词原形；（2）无人称和数的变化（have t除外，主语为第三人称单数时用has t）；（3）具有助动词的作用，可构成否定句、疑问句及用于简略答语。
1.can和culd的用法
2.may和might的用法
3.must, have t和need的用法
4.shuld和had better的用法
5.shall, will和wuld的用法
6.can't和mustn't的用法
（1）由"Must I..."引出的一般疑问句，肯定回答用"Yes, yu must."；否定回答用"N, yu needn't/dn't have t."。如：—Must I finish the reprt tnight?我必须今晚完成这篇报告吗？—N, yu needn't/dn't have t. Yu can bring it next Mnday.不，你不必。下周一带来就行。
（2）由"May I..."引出的一般疑问句，肯定回答用"Yes, yu may."或"Yes, please./Certainly./..."；否定回答用"N, yu can't/mustn't."或"I'm afraid nt..."。如：—May I take phts here?我能在这里拍照吗？—N, yu can't/mustn't. Lk at the sign there.不，你不可以拍照。看下那边的标牌。
1.—Kelly, this is Steve.—Yes, I knw. We've already ___ urselves.
A.fferedB.turnedC.intrducedD.learned
2.Dn't simply ___ the crwd. Being yurself is the best rule.
A.satisfyB.changeC.fllwD.cntrl
3.—Dinner is ready. Help yurself, please.—Ww! The sup and the meat ___ really great.
A.tasteB.sundC.turnD.get
4.[2017安徽中考] —Mum, I've signed fr the bx. What's in it?—I'm nt sure. It ___ be a present frm yur uncle.
A.needB.mustC.mayD.will
5.—I'm crazy abut Chinese culture and I've travelled t China many times.—N wnder that yu ___ speak Chinese s well.
A.mustB.needC.shuldD.can
6.[2023黄山一模] It is a gd habit t___ all yur things in crrect places.
A.put awayB.put upC.put utD.put ff
7.[2023泰州中考] Mst neighburs ___ the habit f square dancing t create a quieter envirnment fr us.
A.get intB.care abutC.carry nD.give up
8.[2023自贡中考改编] —Ms. White, I am sad that I didn't pass the test.—Keep trying. Success ___ hard wrk.
A.depends nB.gives awayC.leads tD.picks up
1.I knew that by wasn't Jim. Jim never w____（佩戴） glasses befre.
2.Smiling is the best way t f____ （面对） every prblem.
3.These grapes were p______（摘） frm the garden just nw.
4.On the tp f the muntain can yu see the sun r_________（上升） clearly.
5.Mary has _______（提出） sme useful advice abut this prject.
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
Last March I lst the camera that my parents bught fr me. I 1._____ it n the bus. I called the bus cmpany t check if they 2.______ find it, but it wasn't there.
I was really sad. Then I 3.________ t get a new ne by myself. I started 4._________ f ways t make and save mney. My parents usually
give me ￡8 every week, s the first thing I 5._____ was t keep the mney in my piggy bank.
I als ffered t 6._____ my uncle lk after his dg when he was away. After sme time, my uncle's neighbrs saw me. They 7._______ me if I culd help with their cats and dgs, t. And I said yes.
In less than three mnths I had enugh mney t 8._____ a new camera. It was the same as the ne I had lst, but t me it was much nicer. I paid fr it with the mney I made and it 9._____ very different. This experience teaches me what it means t 10.______ hard and I have learned that yu must be careful with the things yu have, because they take a lt f hard wrk.
1.We shuld ften review ur ntes after class t avid ___ the same mistakes.
A.wastingB.gettingC.repeatingD.fixing
2.—Our schl will hld the sprts meeting frm next Thursday t Friday.—Right. Players will ___ in twelve sprts, including table tennis and vlleyball.
A.adviseB.believeC.imagineD.cmpete
3.[2023乐山中考改编] —Hw des the apple juice ___?—Gd. I'd like t have anther glass.
A.tasteB.smellC.lkD.sund
4.The cake ___ s gd that I can't wait t have a bit f it.
A.tastesB.smellsC.sundsD.feels
5.If yu can___ what yu have and d smething t help thers, yu will find yur life is full f pleasure.
A.cuntB.valueC.regretD.fix
6.Nancy was chsen fr "The Mst Beautiful Student" because she is hnest and always ___ her wrd.
A.breaksB.keepsC.supprtsD.frgets
7.The real difference between an excellent persn and a cmmn persn is that the excellent persn can ___ his r her time.
A.describeB.manageC.acceptD.believe
8.—Are yu sure yu are taking me t the bank?—Believe me, this ___ be the wrng rad.
A.needn'tB.shuldn'tC.mustn'tD.can't
9.This ping-png ball ___ be Ted's. He's the nly ne that can play ping-png.
A.needB.mustC.canntD.shuldn't
10.We ___ take a taxi. It's nly a few blcks away.
A.needn'tB.can'tC.mustn'tD.culdn't
11.—Alex, cme dwn t play ftball.—I can't. Mm said I ___ clean my bedrm befre ding anything else.
A.had tB.willC.used tD.can
12.Tny always gives his seat t the ld peple after they ___ the bus r the subway.
A.get nB.put nC.get ffD.put ff
13.Sally, ___ yur sunglasses. The sun is s bright.
A.put upB.put nC.put awayD.put dwn
14.Jessica is s helpful that she always ___ ur cat when we're n hliday.
A.finds utB.hears frmC.lks afterD.puts up
15.Yu'd better ___ the imprtant pints yur teacher said in class and review them carefully after class.
A.write dwnB.lk frC.find utD.cut ut
16.—Last night I called yu twice but culdn't ___.—I was taking a walk with my parents then.
A.g ffB.get thrughC.call backD.cme ver
17.Passengers are required t sit in their seats and wear seat belts（安全带） t keep safe when the plane is ___.
A.pulling tgetherB.running utC.shwing upD.taking ff
18.—Yur dance is excellent！—Thank yu. I ___ dancing while studying in Beijing.
A.picked upB.gt upC.put upD.came ut
1.Jane always c_______（收集）stamps as she thinks each small picture tells us a stry.
2.Gd music can t______（打动） bth yur heart and mine.
3.[2023合肥瑶海区一模] He's always an active man and always e_______（期待） that things are ging the right way.
4.I feel alive in the garden. It seems the garden has c_________（使连接） me t nature.
5.In spring, we can ften h____（听到） birds sing.
语篇填空 请根据首字母、汉语提示及短文内容写出所缺单词。
I'm an ec-cunsellr（环保顾问） at my schl. It's a jb I have been ding fr 6 mnths, and it's smething I 1.e______（喜爱） a lt. As an ec-cunsellr, I'm respnsible fr making sure that ur schl des as much as it can fr ur envirnment. There are six ther students wh d the same jb as me. We 2.m______（开会） every tw weeks. And we discuss what we can d t 3.r______（达成） ur gal.
We encurage students t 4.p ________（保护） the envirnment. Fr example, last mnth we made a plan t 5.s_____（阻止） students frm littering. We put up psters arund ur schl. I 6.m______（做） a speech in a schl assembly（全校师生大会）. It has already 7.w________（起作用）, and yu can hardly ever see any rubbish n the flr in the schl.
This mnth we 8.p ______（计划） t get students t play a rle in recycling. We have nw 9.p _____（放置） different bins fr glass, paper and plastics in every classrm. If we all 10.u_____（使用） the bins, ur schl will be a much better place. Let's try ur best tgether!
实义动词也叫行为动词，有实在意义，能独立作谓语。按其句法功能可分为及物动词和不及物动词；按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词和非延续性动词。
1.及物动词 及物动词本身意义不完整，需接宾语才能使其意思表达完整。及物动词常用于以下几种结构中：
（1）主语+及物动词+宾语I ften play sccer. 我经常踢足球。
（2）主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语They cnsider him the best writer. 他们认为他是最优秀的作家。
（3）主语+及物动词+宾语+不定式Mr. Li encuraged me t study hard. 李老师鼓励我努力学习。
（4）主语+及物动词+疑问代词/疑问副词+不定式I dn't knw where t g. 我不知道要去哪里。
（5）主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语He wanted t buy himself a new pair f shes. 他想给自己买双新鞋。
2.不及物动词 不及物动词本身意义完整，无须接宾语，构成"主语+谓语"的句型，若要跟宾语，其后必须加上相应的介词，构成"主语+谓语+介词+宾语"的句型。如：We shuld listen t the teacher carefully. 我们应该认真听老师讲课。【注意】有些动词既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词，如：begin, learn, read, imprve, study等。
延续性动词&非延续性动词（1）延续性动词也叫持续性动词，表示动作是可以持续的，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。如：wrk, live, keep, study, sleep, rain, lie, knw, read等。Yu can keep the dictinary fr three weeks. 这本字典你可以借三周。（2）非延续性动词也叫短暂性动词，表示瞬间动作，一般不和表示一段时间的状语连用。如：cme, g, begin, clse, die, brrw, stp, leave等。He left his hmetwn ten years ag. 十年前他离开了家乡。
系动词本身有词义，但不能单独作谓语，其后必须接表语，构成系表结构，说明主语的状态、性质、特征或身份。具体分类如下：
英语中的助动词有be （am, is, are, was, were）, d （des, did）, have （has, had）, shall, will, shuld, wuld等。助动词本身没有意义或意义不完整，不可单独作谓语，只能和它后面的动词一起构成谓语，以表示时态、语态、人称和数，还可构成否定、疑问或强调的句型。
情态动词本身有一定的含义，表示说话人的情感和态度，不可单独作谓语，必须和其他动词连用构成谓语。
情态动词的特点：（1）其后接动词原形；（2）无人称和数的变化（have t除外，主语为第三人称单数时用has t）；（3）具有助动词的作用，可构成否定句、疑问句及用于简略答语。
1.can和culd的用法
2.may和might的用法
3.must, have t和need的用法
4.shuld和had better的用法
5.shall, will和wuld的用法
6.can't和mustn't的用法
（1）由"Must I..."引出的一般疑问句，肯定回答用"Yes, yu must."；否定回答用"N, yu needn't/dn't have t."。如：—Must I finish the reprt tnight?我必须今晚完成这篇报告吗？—N, yu needn't/dn't have t. Yu can bring it next Mnday.不，你不必。下周一带来就行。
（2）由"May I..."引出的一般疑问句，肯定回答用"Yes, yu may."或"Yes, please./Certainly./..."；否定回答用"N, yu can't/mustn't."或"I'm afraid nt..."。如：—May I take phts here?我能在这里拍照吗？—N, yu can't/mustn't. Lk at the sign there.不，你不可以拍照。看下那边的标牌。
1.—Kelly, this is Steve.—Yes, I knw. We've already ___ urselves.
A.fferedB.turnedC.intrducedD.learned
2.Dn't simply ___ the crwd. Being yurself is the best rule.
A.satisfyB.changeC.fllwD.cntrl
3.—Dinner is ready. Help yurself, please.—Ww! The sup and the meat ___ really great.
A.tasteB.sundC.turnD.get
4.[2017安徽中考] —Mum, I've signed fr the bx. What's in it?—I'm nt sure. It ___ be a present frm yur uncle.
A.needB.mustC.mayD.will
5.—I'm crazy abut Chinese culture and I've travelled t China many times.—N wnder that yu ___ speak Chinese s well.
A.mustB.needC.shuldD.can
6.[2023黄山一模] It is a gd habit t___ all yur things in crrect places.
A.put awayB.put upC.put utD.put ff
7.[2023泰州中考] Mst neighburs ___ the habit f square dancing t create a quieter envirnment fr us.
A.get intB.care abutC.carry nD.give up
8.[2023自贡中考改编] —Ms. White, I am sad that I didn't pass the test.—Keep trying. Success ___ hard wrk.
A.depends nB.gives awayC.leads tD.picks up
1.I knew that by wasn't Jim. Jim never w____（佩戴） glasses befre.
2.Smiling is the best way t f____ （面对） every prblem.
3.These grapes were p______（摘） frm the garden just nw.
4.On the tp f the muntain can yu see the sun r_________（上升） clearly.
5.Mary has _______（提出） sme useful advice abut this prject.
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
Last March I lst the camera that my parents bught fr me. I 1._____ it n the bus. I called the bus cmpany t check if they 2.______ find it, but it wasn't there.
I was really sad. Then I 3.________ t get a new ne by myself. I started 4._________ f ways t make and save mney. My parents usually
give me ￡8 every week, s the first thing I 5._____ was t keep the mney in my piggy bank.
I als ffered t 6._____ my uncle lk after his dg when he was away. After sme time, my uncle's neighbrs saw me. They 7._______ me if I culd help with their cats and dgs, t. And I said yes.
In less than three mnths I had enugh mney t 8._____ a new camera. It was the same as the ne I had lst, but t me it was much nicer. I paid fr it with the mney I made and it 9._____ very different. This experience teaches me what it means t 10.______ hard and I have learned that yu must be careful with the things yu have, because they take a lt f hard wrk.
1.We shuld ften review ur ntes after class t avid ___ the same mistakes.
A.wastingB.gettingC.repeatingD.fixing
2.—Our schl will hld the sprts meeting frm next Thursday t Friday.—Right. Players will ___ in twelve sprts, including table tennis and vlleyball.
A.adviseB.believeC.imagineD.cmpete
3.[2023乐山中考改编] —Hw des the apple juice ___?—Gd. I'd like t have anther glass.
A.tasteB.smellC.lkD.sund
4.The cake ___ s gd that I can't wait t have a bit f it.
A.tastesB.smellsC.sundsD.feels
5.If yu can___ what yu have and d smething t help thers, yu will find yur life is full f pleasure.
A.cuntB.valueC.regretD.fix
6.Nancy was chsen fr "The Mst Beautiful Student" because she is hnest and always ___ her wrd.
A.breaksB.keepsC.supprtsD.frgets
7.The real difference between an excellent persn and a cmmn persn is that the excellent persn can ___ his r her time.
A.describeB.manageC.acceptD.believe
8.—Are yu sure yu are taking me t the bank?—Believe me, this ___ be the wrng rad.
A.needn'tB.shuldn'tC.mustn'tD.can't
9.This ping-png ball ___ be Ted's. He's the nly ne that can play ping-png.
A.needB.mustC.canntD.shuldn't
10.We ___ take a taxi. It's nly a few blcks away.
A.needn'tB.can'tC.mustn'tD.culdn't
11.—Alex, cme dwn t play ftball.—I can't. Mm said I ___ clean my bedrm befre ding anything else.
A.had tB.willC.used tD.can
12.Tny always gives his seat t the ld peple after they ___ the bus r the subway.
A.get nB.put nC.get ffD.put ff
13.Sally, ___ yur sunglasses. The sun is s bright.
A.put upB.put nC.put awayD.put dwn
14.Jessica is s helpful that she always ___ ur cat when we're n hliday.
A.finds utB.hears frmC.lks afterD.puts up
15.Yu'd better ___ the imprtant pints yur teacher said in class and review them carefully after class.
A.write dwnB.lk frC.find utD.cut ut
16.—Last night I called yu twice but culdn't ___.—I was taking a walk with my parents then.
A.g ffB.get thrughC.call backD.cme ver
17.Passengers are required t sit in their seats and wear seat belts（安全带） t keep safe when the plane is ___.
A.pulling tgetherB.running utC.shwing upD.taking ff
18.—Yur dance is excellent！—Thank yu. I ___ dancing while studying in Beijing.
A.picked upB.gt upC.put upD.came ut
1.Jane always c_______（收集）stamps as she thinks each small picture tells us a stry.
2.Gd music can t______（打动） bth yur heart and mine.
3.[2023合肥瑶海区一模] He's always an active man and always e_______（期待） that things are ging the right way.
4.I feel alive in the garden. It seems the garden has c_________（使连接） me t nature.
5.In spring, we can ften h____（听到） birds sing.
语篇填空 请根据首字母、汉语提示及短文内容写出所缺单词。
I'm an ec-cunsellr（环保顾问） at my schl. It's a jb I have been ding fr 6 mnths, and it's smething I 1.e______（喜爱） a lt. As an ec-cunsellr, I'm respnsible fr making sure that ur schl des as much as it can fr ur envirnment. There are six ther students wh d the same jb as me. We 2.m______（开会） every tw weeks. And we discuss what we can d t 3.r______（达成） ur gal.
We encurage students t 4.p ________（保护） the envirnment. Fr example, last mnth we made a plan t 5.s_____（阻止） students frm littering. We put up psters arund ur schl. I 6.m______（做） a speech in a schl assembly（全校师生大会）. It has already 7.w________（起作用）, and yu can hardly ever see any rubbish n the flr in the schl.
This mnth we 8.p ______（计划） t get students t play a rle in recycling. We have nw 9.p _____（放置） different bins fr glass, paper and plastics in every classrm. If we all 10.u_____（使用） the bins, ur schl will be a much better place. Let's try ur best tgether!
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