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2024年高考押题预测卷03（北京卷）英语（解析版）
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这是一份2024年高考押题预测卷03（北京卷）英语（解析版），共21页。
英 语
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分知识运用（共两节,满分30分）
第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
As a child, I was truly afraid f the dark and f getting lst; these fears were very real and caused me sme uncmfrtable mments.
Maybe it was the strange way things lked and sunded in my familiar rm at night that 1 me s much. There was never ttal 2 , but a streetlight r passing car lights made clthes hung ver a chair take n the 3 f a wild animal. Out f the crner f my eye, I saw the curtains seem t mve when there was n wind. A tiny sund in the flr wuld seem a hundred times luder than in the daylight. My 4 wuld run wild, and my heart wuld beat fast. I wuld 5 very still s that the “enemy” wuld nt discver me.
Anther f my childhd fears was that I wuld get lst, 6 n the way hme frm schl. Every mrning I gt n the schl bus right near my hme — that was n prblem. After schl thugh, when all the buses were 7 up alng the street, I was afraid that I’d get n the wrng ne and be taken t sme unfamiliar neighbrhd. On schl r family trips t a park r a museum, I wuldn’t let the leaders ut f my sight.
Perhaps ne f the wrst fears f all I had as a child was that f nt being liked r 8 by thers. Being ppular was s imprtant t me then, and the fear f nt being liked was a 9 ne.
One f the prcesses f grwing up is being able t recgnize and 10 ur fears. Understanding the things that frightened us as children helps us achieve greater success later in life.
1．A．wundedB．destryedC．surprisedD．frightened
2．A．quietnessB．darknessC．emptinessD．lneliness
3．A．spiritB．heightC．bdyD．shape
4．A．beliefB．feelingC．imaginatinD．dubt
5．A．lieB．hideC．restD．wake
6．A．especiallyB．ccasinallyC．prbablyD．cnstantly
7．A．calledB．backedC．linedD．packed
8．A．prtectedB．guidedC．believedD．accepted
9．A．strictB．pwerfulC．heavyD．meaningful
10．A．avidB．celebrateC．vercmeD．cntain
【答案】
1．D 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．A 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者小时候所恐惧的一些事情。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许是夜晚在我熟悉的房间里，事物奇怪的样子和声音让我如此害怕。A. wunded受伤；B. destryed破坏；C. surprised使惊讶；D. frightened使害怕。根据第一段“As a child, I was truly afraid f the dark and f getting lst; these fears were very real and caused me sme uncmfrtable mments.(小时候，我真的很怕黑，很怕迷路；这些恐惧是真实存在的，给我带来了一些不舒服的时刻)”可知，事物奇怪的样子和声音让作者害怕。故选D。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从来没有完全的黑暗，但路灯或过往的汽车灯光使挂在椅子上的衣服呈现出野生动物的形状。A. quietness安静；B. darkness黑暗；C. emptiness空；D. lneliness孤独。根据后文“but a streetlight r passing car lights”可知，有灯光，说明没有完全的黑暗。故选B。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从来没有完全的黑暗，但路灯或过往的汽车灯光使挂在椅子上的衣服呈现出野生动物的形状。A. spirit精神；B. height高度；C. bdy身体；D. shape形状。根据后文“f a wild animal”可知，路灯或过往的汽车灯光使挂在椅子上的衣服呈现出野生动物的形状。故选D。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的想象力会变得疯狂，我的心会跳得很快。A. belief相信；B. feeling感觉；C. imaginatin想象力；D. dubt怀疑。根据上文“Out f the crner f my eye, I saw the curtains seem t mve when there was n wind. A tiny sund in the flr wuld seem a hundred times luder than in the daylight.(从眼角余光，我看到窗帘在没有风的时候好像在动。地板上微小的声音会比白天的声音大上百倍)”可知，作者在黑暗里会想象一些不存在的东西，故选C。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会静静地躺着，这样“敌人”就不会发现我。A. lie撒谎，躺下；B. hide隐藏；C. rest休息；D. wake醒来。根据后文“very still s that the “enemy” wuld nt discver me”指作者静静地躺着。故选A。
6．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我童年的另一个恐惧是我会迷路，尤其是在放学回家的路上。A. especially尤其，特别；B. ccasinally偶尔；C. prbably可能；D. cnstantly不断地。根据后文“n the way hme frm schl”指作者尤其在回家的路上会迷路。故选A。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但放学后，当所有的公共汽车都在街上排队时，我担心自己会坐错车，被带到一个不熟悉的社区。A. called打电话；B. backed支持；C. lined排队；D. packed打包。根据后文“up alng the street”指所有的公共汽车都在街上排队，line up表示“排队”。故选C。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许我小时候最害怕的事情之一就是不被别人喜欢或接受。A. prtected保护；B. guided指导；C. believed相信；D. accepted接受。根据上文“f nt being liked r”可知，作者害怕不被喜欢或接受。故选D。
9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那时，受欢迎对我来说非常重要，而不被喜欢的恐惧是一种强大的恐惧。A. strict严格的；B. pwerful强大的；C. heavy沉重的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据上文“Being ppular was s imprtant t me then”可知，作者渴望被人喜欢，受欢迎很重要，因此不被喜欢的恐惧是一种强大的恐惧。故选B。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：成长的过程之一就是能够认识并克服我们的恐惧。A. avid避免；B. celebrate庆祝；C. vercme克服；D. cntain包含。根据后文“Understanding the things that frightened us as children helps us achieve greater success later in life.(了解小时候让我们害怕的事情有助于我们在以后的生活中取得更大的成功)”可知，这里指认识和克服恐惧。故选C。
第二节语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
A
阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The passengers n the bus watched with sympathy as Susan made her way carefully up the steps. She paid the driver and then, using her hands t feel the seats, 11 (settle) in ne f them. It had been years since Susan became blind. As the result f an accident, she 12 (thrw) int a wrld f darkness. Susan’s husband Mark watched her sink int despair and he was determined t use every pssible means t help her wife. Mark vlunteered 13 (ride) the bus with Susan each mrning and evening until she culd manage it by herself.
【答案】11．settled 12．was thrwn 13．t ride
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了Susan因一次事故导致双目失明，她的丈夫 Mark 帮助她适应黑暗的日常生活。
11．考查动词时态。句意：她付钱给司机，然后用手摸了摸座位，坐在其中一个座位上。分析句子结构可知，and连接paid和settle两个动作。根据语境此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，故填settled。
12．考查时态和语态。句意：由于一次事故，她陷入了黑暗的世界。thrw neself int意为“使某人陷入……之中”。分析句子结构可知，thrw和she(herself)是动宾关系，要用被动语态。由于讲述的是发生事故后的事情，所以要用一般过去时，且主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填was thrwn。
13．考查不定式做宾语。句意：马克每天早晚自愿和苏珊一起乘公共汽车，直到她自己能应付为止。vlunteer 之后要用不定式做宾语。故填t ride。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The African penguin is expected t g extinct in the wild in just ver a decade, given its current ppulatin decline. The main reasn is a lack f fd caused by disturbance t cean cnditins frm glbal heating and 14 (cmpete) frm the cmmercial fishing industry. Accrding t a study, recently scientists 15 (identify) a pssible additinal cause, ne that is an entirely new threat and that further 16 (prevent) the penguins frm finding fd: nise pllutin frm marine ships in a bay.
【答案】14．cmpetitin 15．have identified 16．prevents
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了非洲企鹅数量的下降的原因。
14．考查名词。句意：主要原因是全球变暖对海洋环境的干扰和商业捕鱼业的竞争造成了食物短缺。分析句子可知，提示词与名词disturbance是并列关系，作介词宾语，用名词cmpetitin，意为“竞争”。故填cmpetitin。
15．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：根据一项研究，最近科学家们发现了一个可能的额外原因，这是一个全新的威胁，进一步阻止企鹅寻找食物：海湾中船舶的噪音污染。分析句子可知，identify(发现)是句中谓语动词，与主语scientists之间是主动关系，句中有时间状语recently，应使用现在完成时态，又因主语是复数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上，谓语应用现在完成时主动语态，复数形式。故填have identified。
16．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：根据一项研究，最近科学家们发现了一个可能的额外原因，这是一个全新的威胁，进一步阻止企鹅寻找食物：海湾中船舶的噪音污染。分析句子可知，prevent(阻止)是定语从句中谓语动词，与关系代词that(即先行词ne)之间是主动关系，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时态，又因主语是单数代词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般现在时主动语态，单数形式。故填prevents。
C
阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Physical bks have advantages 17 seeing wrds with ne’s wn eyes can help t hld attentin mre tightly. It is als 18 (easy) t find specific parts f the bk again if the mind wanders while reading. Hwever, audibks ffer a different kind f experience, 19 (allw) the listener t becme fully immersed in the stry and engage different parts f the brain. Listening t an audibk has been shwn t develp greater empathy, as listeners hear the emtin 20 (cnvey) by the narratr. Inflectin and intnatin are mre easily understd thrugh hearing rather than reading. The intensity and imagery f the stry can be heightened by listening t an audibk, making the experience even mre enjyable.
【答案】17．because 18．easier 19．allwing 20．cnveyed
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了实体书和有声书各自的优势。
17．考查原因状语从句。句意：实体书有其优势，因为用自己的眼睛看到文字可以帮助更牢牢地集中注意力。分析句子意思可知，空后的“用自己的眼睛看到文字可以帮助更牢牢地集中注意力”是空前的“实体书有其优势”的原因，且此处强调直接原因，空处应用从属连词because引导原因状语从句。故填because。
18．考查形容词比较级。句意：如果在阅读时走神，也更容易找到书中的具体部分。根据上下文可知，此处在讨论实体书的优势，隐含比较的意思，应该是表示“更容易找到书中的具体部分”，空处应用easy的比较级形式easier。故填easier。
19．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，有声书提供了一种不同的体验，让听者完全沉浸在故事中，并调动大脑的不同部分。分析句子可知，空处作句子的伴随状语，是非谓语动词，allw和audibks逻辑上是主动关系，空处应用allw的现在分词形式allwing。故填allwing。
20．考查非谓语动词。句意：听有声书可以培养更强的同理心，因为听者听到了叙述者所传达的情感。分析句子可知，空处是修饰the emtin的后置定语，是非谓语动词，cnvey和the emtin逻辑上是被动关系，空处应用cnvey的过去分词形式cnveyed。故填cnveyed。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 38分）
第一节（共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Get invlved with ur research
Sme f ur research prjects rely n the genersity f peple like yu. Whether it’s using yur hme PC, taking part in a clinical trial, r simply vlunteering yur time fr a study, yu may be able t cntribute t sme f the grund-breaking prjects which make the University f Oxfrd a wrld leader in research. Watch this space fr ways in which yu culd get invlved.
Seeking pr sleepers fr insmnia (失眠) research
Truble sleeping? Researchers frm the Sleep & Circadian Neurscience Institute are evaluating different interventins aimed at imprving sleep. We are lking fr pr sleepers between the ages f 18 and 65. Participatin will invlve spending vernights in the sleep labratry at Oxfrd, mnitring yur sleep/wake cycle, and cmpleting cmputerised tasks. If yu are interested, please cntact the research team at insmnia@
Vlunteers with lazy eye wanted
We are lking fr vlunteers with a histry f lazy eye t take part in ur brain scanning study. We are lking fr healthy vlunteers aged 18-45 with a histry f lazy eye. Yu will als be asked questins abut yur medical histry t check yur suitability fr an MRI scan. Call 01865 223622 fr mre infrmatin.
Oxfrd Vaccine Grup
The Oxfrd Vaccine Grup is an independent multi-disciplinary (多学科的) clinical trials grup. OVG wrks twards the gal f develping new and imprved vaccines fr the preventin f infectin in adults and children, enhancing the understanding f immunity and studying the epidemilgy f infectius diseases. T get mre infrmatin, please see the OVG website.
Oxfrd Experimental lab fr the Scial Sciences
The Oxfrd Internet Institute, tgether with the Business Schl, is recruiting individuals t participate in cmputer-based experiments invlving nline surfing behavir as well as ecnmic and plitical decisin-making. We pay ur subjects well, there are n special skills required and yu dn’t have t cme t the lab in persn Cntact us at scialscience.study @ fr mre infrmatin.
21．What is the main purpse f the passage?
A．T ffer medical help t patients.B．T lk fr experienced researchers.
C．T intrduce new research prgrams.D．T recruit vlunteers fr research prjects.
22．The gal f VG is t________.
A．carry ut clinical trialsB．prduce better vaccines
C．learn mre abut infectinD．study the causes f diseases
23．Yu can finish the experiment n yur hme PC if yu jin________.
A．Oxfrd Vaccine GrupB．Insmnia research grup
C．Oxfrd Experimental labD．Brain Scanning study grup
【答案】21．D 22．B 23．C
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了牛津大学在招募志愿者，着重介绍了可以志愿参与的四种研究项目。
21．推理判断题。文章第一部分Get invlved with ur research中提到“Sme f ur research prjects rely n the genersity f peple like yu. Whether it’s using yur hme PC, taking part in a clinical trial, r simply vlunteering yur time fr a study, yu may be able t cntribute t sme f the grund-breaking prjects which make the University f Oxfrd a wrld leader in research. Watch this space fr ways in which yu culd get invlved.”我们的许多研究项目需要像你这样的志愿人士参与。你可以通过电脑参与，也可以参与临床试验，或者只是花一点时间来参与研究，通过这些途径你都可以为牛津大学突破性的项目做出自己的贡献。以下是你可以参与的项目。由此可推断文章旨在招募志愿者加入研究项目。D项符合文意，故选D项。
22．细节理解题。文章Oxfrd Vaccine Grup中提到“OVG wrks twards the gal f develping new and imprved vaccines fr the preventin f infectin in adults and children, enhancing the understanding f immunity and studying the epidemilgy f infectius diseases.”OVG的目的在于研发新的疫苗、改进旧的疫苗。预防成人和儿童传染病。增强人们对免疫的了解以及研究传染病的流行病学。B项意为“生产更好的疫苗”，符合文意。故选B项。
23．细节理解题。文章最后一部分Oxfrd Experimental lab fr the Scial Sciences中提到“We pay ur subjects well, there are n special skills required and yu dn’t have t cme t the lab in persn ”，意为“我们的项目报酬丰厚，不需要特殊的技能，参与者不需要亲自来实验室就可以参加”。所以加入Oxfrd Experimental lab fr the Scial Sciences，在家里的电脑上就可以完成实验。故选C项。
B
D yu listen t quiet music t help yu wind dwn befre sleep? Hwever, this practice culd be cunter-prductive, accrding t a new study by Michael K. Scullin and clleagues at Baylr University. The wrk, published in Psychlgical Medicine, fund that bedtime music was assciated with mre sleep disruptins and that instrumental music is even wrse than music with lyrics.
In the first study, 199 nline participants living in the US reprted n their sleep quality and music listening frequency and timing, as well as their beliefs abut hw this affected their sleep. Almst all—87%—believed that music imprves sleep, r at least des nt disrupt it. Hwever, the team fund that mre verall time spent listening t music was assciated with prer sleep and daytime sleepiness. Just ver three quarters f the participants als reprted experiencing frequent “earwrms”—having a sng r tune “stuck” and replaying in their minds. A quarter reprted experiencing these during the night at least nce per week, and these peple were six times as likely t reprt pr sleep quality. The team’s analysis suggested that listening specifically t instrumental music near bedtime was linked t mre sleep-related earwrms and prer sleep quality.
The team then ran an experimental study n 48 yung adults. After arriving at the sleep lab at 8:45 p. m., participants went t a quiet bedrm, where they cmpleted questinnaires that included measures f stress, sleep quality and daytime sleepiness. They als had electrdes applied, ready fr the night-time plysmngraphy t recrd their brain wave activity, as well as heart rate and breathing, and reprted n hw relaxed, nervus, energetic, sleepy and stressed they felt. At 10:00 p. m., they were given sme “dwntime”, with quiet music playing. Half were randmized t hear three sngs while the ther half heard instrumental-nly versins f these same sngs.
Participants reprted decreases in stress and nervusness and increased relaxatin after listening t either set f sngs, and als shwed decreases in bld pressure. S-as earlier studies have als suggested- quiet music at bedtime was indeed relaxing at the time. Hwever, a quarter f the participants wke frm sleep with an earwrm, and the plysmngraphy data shwed that instrumental versins f the sngs were mre likely t induce these awakenings as well as ther sleep disruptins, such as shifts frm deeper sleep t lighter sleep. Taken tgether, the findings represent “causal evidence fr bedtime instrumental music affecting sleep quality via triggering earwrms” the team writes.
Why instrumental-nly sngs shuld have a bigger impact than music with lyrics isn’t clear. The three sngs used in this study were chsen because they were likely t be familiar. Hearing them withut the lyrics might have prmpted the participant’s brains t try t add the wrds, which might have made earwrms mre likely. If this is the case, all instrumental music may nt have the same effect. Hwever, the data frm the first study is cnsistent with the idea that instrumental music generally is mre f a prblem.
24．Accrding t the passage, the participants in bth studies______.
A．were required t listen t light musicB．felt their sleeping prblems reslved
C．had their sleeping quality mnitredD．prvided feedback n bedtime music
25．What des the underlined wrd “induce” in Paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A．Lead t.B．Impact n.C．Break in.D．Fcus n.
26．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．Earwrms are mainly caused by music with lyrics.
B．Bedtime music leads t high bld pressure and anxiety.
C．Quiet music imprves sleeping quality while lud music harms sleep.
D．Bth familiar and unfamiliar instrumental music can cause sleeping prblems.
27．The passage is mainly abut______.
A．hw instrumental music disturbs sleep
B．the pssible negative effect f bedtime music
C．hw peple can imprve their sleep quality
D．differences between music with and withut lyrics
【答案】24．D 25．A 26．D 27．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项最新研究表明：睡前音乐会导致更多的睡眠中断，乐器音乐甚至比有歌词的音乐更糟糕。
24．细节理解题。文章第二段讲到“A quarter reprted experiencing these during the night at least nce per week, and these peple were six times as likely t reprt pr sleep quality. (四分之一的人报告说，他们每周至少在夜间经历一次这种情况，而这些人报告睡眠质量差的可能性是其他人的六倍。)”以及第四段讲到“Participants reprted decreases in stress and nervusness and increased relaxatin after listening t either set f sngs, and als shwed decreases in bld pressure. (参与者报告说，听了这两首歌后，压力和紧张情绪减轻，放松感增强，血压也有所下降。)”可知，根据文章，两项研究的参与者都提供睡前音乐反馈。故选D。
25．词义猜测题。文章第四段讲到“Hwever, a quarter f the participants wke frm sleep with an earwrm, and the plysmngraphy data shwed that instrumental versins f the sngs were mre likely t induce these awakenings as well as ther sleep disruptins, such as shifts frm deeper sleep t lighter sleep. (然而，四分之一的参与者从睡梦中醒来时患上了耳虫，多导睡眠图数据显示，这些歌曲的器乐版本更有可能引发这些觉醒以及其他睡眠中断，例如从深度睡眠转变为轻度睡眠。)”可知，第4段中带下划线的单词“induce”可能的意思是“导致”。故选A。
26．推理判断题。文章最后一段讲到“If this is the case, all instrumental music may nt have the same effect. Hwever, the data frm the first study is cnsistent with the idea that instrumental music generally is mre f a prblem. (如果是这样的话，所有的器乐可能都不会有相同的效果。然而，第一项研究的数据与器乐通常更成问题的观点一致。)”可知，从这篇文章推断出熟悉和不熟悉的器乐都会导致睡眠问题。故选D。
27．主旨大意题。本文介绍了一项最新研究表明：睡前音乐会导致更多的睡眠中断，乐器音乐甚至比有歌词的音乐更糟糕。尤其文章第一段讲到“The wrk, published in Psychlgical Medicine,fund that bedtime music was assciated with mre sleep disruptins and that instrumental music is even wrse than music with lyrics. (这项发表在《心理医学》上的研究发现，睡前音乐与更多的睡眠中断有关，器乐甚至比有歌词的音乐更糟糕。)”可知，这篇文章主要是关于睡前音乐可能带来的负面影响。故选B。
C
The wrld’s ceans will likely lse abut ne-sixth f their fish and ther creatures within 100 years if climate change cntinues n its current path. Every degree Celsius that the wrld’s ceans warm, their bimass is expected t drp five percent, a study fund.
The study predicts that if there is n change in the rate f wrldwide greenhuse gas prductin, there will be a 17-percent lss f bimass by the year 2100. But, if the wrld reduces carbn pllutin, bimass lsses culd be limited t nly abut 5 percent.
Warming temperatures are the biggest issue. But climate change als prduces ceans that are mre acidic and have less xygen. This als harms sea life. Much f the wrld depends n the ceans fr fd r wrk.
The findings make sense and the pssible effects f the predicted lsses f animal life are huge. “Climate change has the ptential t cause serius new cnflicts ver cean resurce use as the human ppulatin cntinues t grw,” said scientists.
Marine bilgist Bris Wrm, wh helped run the study, added that the “building blcks f marine life—planktn and bacteria—may decline less heavily.”
“Thse marine animals that we use directly, and care abut mst deeply, are predicted t suffer the mst,” said Wrm. He wrks at Canada’s Dalhusie University.
Scientists had already believed climate change wuld likely reduce future cean life. But past cmputer-based studies lked at nly part f the picture r used nly ne mdel. The latest study used six different cmputer mdels t give the best picture lk yet, William Cheung said.
University f Gergia marine bilgist Samantha Jye was nt part f the research. But she praised the study as well researched and extremely detailed, and called it “an urgent call fr actin”.
28．What des the underlined wrd “bimass” in paragraph 1 refer t?
A．Ocean temperature.B．Ttal marine life.
C．Sea cnditin.D．Ocean level.
29．Why d scientists think that climate change might cause cnflicts?
A．It may reduce the sea resurce.B．It leads t the extinctin f marine life.
C．It pllutes the envirnment f the cean.D．It may increase the wrld ppulatin.
30．Which sea animals will be harmed the wrst by sea warming?
A．The largest nes.B．The nes in deep ceans.
C．The bacteria n sea surface.D．Thse we humans need mst.
【答案】28．B 29．A 30．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如果气候变化持续升温，世界的海洋中的鱼类和其他生物可能会在未来100年内损失约六分之一。同时文章介绍了气候变化对海洋以及人类产生的其他影响。
28．词义猜测题。根据划线词前面的句子“The wrld’s ceans will likely lse abut ne-sixth f their fish and ther creatures within 100 years if climate change cntinues n its current path. (如果气候继续以目前的方式变化，世界海洋可能会在100年内失去大约六分之一的鱼类和其他生物。)”以及“Every degree Celsius that the wrld’s ceans warm(全球海洋温度每升高一度)”以及划线词后面的内容“is expected t drp five percent(预计会下降5%)”可知，此处指出随着气候变化的影响，世界海洋中的鱼类和其他生物会失去大约六分之一；由此可知，全球海洋温度每升高一度，海洋中的生物总数预计会下降5%。因此划线词与B选项“Ttal marine life.( 海洋生物总数。)”为同义词。故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据第四段“The findings make sense and the pssible effects f the predicted lsses f animal life are huge.“Climate change has the ptential t cause serius new cnflicts ver cean resurce use as the human ppulatin cntinues t grw,” said scientists.(这些发现是有道理的，预测的动物生命损失可能产生巨大影响。科学家们说：“随着人口的持续增长，气候变化有可能在海洋资源利用方面引发新的严重冲突。”)”可知，随着人口增长，气候变化可能会导致人类在海洋资源利用方面引发新的严重冲突，的原因是气候变化使得海洋动物生命周期变短，即资源不断减少。故选A。
30．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段““Thse marine animals that we use directly, and care abut mst deeply, are predicted t suffer the mst,” said Wrm. He wrks at Canada’s Dalhusie University.(沃姆说：“那些我们直接使用、最关心的海洋动物预计将遭受最大的损失。”他在加拿大达尔豪斯大学工作)”可知，那些人类直接使用、最关心的海洋动物预计将遭受最大的损失，即人类最需要的海洋动物将遭受最大的伤害。故选D。
D
When we think abut lives filled with meaning, we ften fcus n peple whse grand cntributins benefited humanity. Abraham Lincln,Martin Luther King and Nelsn Mandela surely felt they had a wrthwhile life. But hw abut us rdinary peple,struggling in a typical existence?
There is an imprtant element t cnsider. Think abut the first butterfly yu stp t admire after a lng winter r imagine the scenery at the tp f a hill after a fresh hike. Smetimes existence delivers us small mments f beauty. When peple are pen t appreciating such experiences, these mments may enhance hw they view their life. This element is defined as EA (experiential appreciatin) by Jshua Hicks, a psychlgical prfessr at Texas A &M University.
Recently, he and his research team set ut t figure ut whether EA was related t a persn’s sense f meaning in a series f studies that invlved mre than 3,000 participants. At an initial test, researchers had participants rate their agreement f different cping strategies t relieve their stress. They fund peple wh managed stress by fcusing n their appreciatin fr life’s beauty als reprted experiencing life as highly meaningful.
Researchers then cnducted a series f experiments, in which they gave participants specific tasks and, nce mre, asked them t reprt hw strngly they identified with statements linked t purpse, etc. In ne case, participants wh watched an awe-inspiring vide reprted having a greater sense f EA and meaning in life, cmpared with thse wh watched mre neutral vides. After reflecting n the results cllected frm the participants, researchers cnfirmed their riginal thery.
But applying that insight can be difficult.Our mdern, fast-paced, prject-riented lifestyles fill the day with targets and gals. We are n the g, and we attempt t maximize utput bth at wrk and at leisure.
This fcus n future utcmes makes it all t easy t miss what is happening right nw. Yet life happens in the present mment. We shuld slw dwn, let life surprise us and embrace the significance in the everyday life.
31．Why are the butterfly and the scenery n a hill mentined in paragraph 2?
A．T intrduce a cncept.
B．T attract readers’ interest.
C．T demnstrate the beauty f nature.
D．T shw the necessity f prtecting nature.
32．Hw did the researchers cnduct the study?
A．By designing different strategies t reduce stress
B．By studying previus research data.
C．By shting vides starring the participants.
D．By analyzing the respnse frm the participants.
33．Wh tends t find life mre meaningful accrding t the text?
A．A persn wh always gets her life well-rganized.
B．A persn wh ften hears mtivating speeches.
C．A persn wh leads a fast-paced life
D．A persn wh always expects future results.
34．What life philsphy des the authr shw in the last paragraph?
A．N pains, n gains.
B．Thse wh believe in their ability can d anything.
C．Live yur life ne day at a time.
D．Being n sea, sail; being n land, settle.
【答案】31．A 32．D 33．B 34．C
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。研究表明，能欣赏生活中的美丽的人更能发现生活的意义，而我们现代、快节奏、以项目为导向的生活方式让我们忽略当下正在发生的事情，因此，我们应当活在当下。
31．推理判断题。根据文章第一段提出问题“普通人的生命对比有伟大贡献的人是否有意义？”及第二段“Think abut the first butterfly yu stp t admire after a lng winter r imagine the scenery at the tp f a hill after a fresh hike. Smetimes existence delivers us small mments f beauty. When peple are pen t appreciating such experiences, these mments may enhance hw they view their life. This element is defined as EA(experiential appreciatin)by Jshua Hicks, a psychlgical prfessr at Texas A &M University.(想想你在漫长的冬天后停下来欣赏的第一只蝴蝶，或者想象一次徒步旅行后山顶上的风景。有时候，生活带给我们美好的瞬间。当人们乐于欣赏这样的经历时，这些时刻可能会增强他们对生活的看法。这个元素被德克萨斯农工大学的心理学教授Jshua Hicks定义为EA（体验性欣赏）)”可知，文章第二段通过引出在山上欣赏美丽的蝴蝶和美景的例子来引入一个概念——体验性欣赏。故选A。
32．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“At an initial test, researchers had participants rate their agreement f different cping strategies t relieve their stress.(在最初的测试中，研究人员让参与者评估他们对缓解压力的不同应对策略的认同程度)”和第四段中“Researchers then cnducted a series f experiments,in which they gave participants specific tasks and, nce mre, asked them t reprt hw strngly they identified with statements linked t purpse, etc.(研究人员随后进行了一系列实验，在实验中，他们给参与者特定的任务，并再次要求他们报告他们对与目的相关的陈述的认同程度，等等)”以及“After reflecting n the results cllected frm the participants, researchers cnfirmed their riginal thery.(在反思了从参与者那里收集到的结果后，研究人员证实了他们最初的理论)”可知，研究者通过分析参与者的不同反应来进行研究。故选D。
33．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段“In ne case, participants wh watched an awe-inspiring vide reprted having a greater sense f EA and meaning in life, cmpared with thse wh watched mre neutral vides.(在一个案例中，观看了令人敬畏的视频的参与者报告说，与观看更多中性视频的参与者相比，他们对EA和生活意义的感觉更强)”可推知，经常听鼓舞人心的演讲的人更能找到生活的意义。故选B。
34．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“This fcus n future utcmes makes it all t easy t miss what is happening right nw. Yet life happens in the present mment. We shuld slw dwn, let life surprise us and embrace the significance in the everyday life.(这种对未来结果的关注使得我们很容易忽略当下正在发生的事情。然而，生活就发生在当下。我们应该慢下来，让生活给我们惊喜，拥抱日常生活中的意义)”可知，作者在最后一段告诉我们，应该生活在当下。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Art is all arund us. It can be fund everywhere, including fancy galleries, peple’s living rms, and n the sides f buildings. S, why is art imprtant?
It prmtes expressin and creativity. As humans, we’re naturally drawn t art as a frm f expressin and cmmunicatin. 35 It’s a way fr them t express themselves befre they’re able t speak. In fact, participatin in the arts may even assist kids with language, mtr skills, and visual learning develpment.
36 . When smene applies fr a jb, there are certain skills they need t have like data analysis r bkkeeping. Hwever, many emplyers als understand the very imprtant need fr the skills which are hard t measure and ften difficult t define. Sme examples include a persn’s ability t adapt t change, think creatively, r cllabrate with team members.
It prvides histrical cntext. 37 . This is why peple dedicate their lives t studying cave art, Shakespearean plays, and s much mre. When we take the time t dive int art created in the past, we can learn abut ther generatins and eras. We can study art t find ut what thse befre us were facing and hw they vercame it. 38 .
In therapy (疗法) settings, art als prvides an pprtunity fr digging deeper and expressing emtins that are difficult t discuss. 39 . In ne imprtant study, children between 6 and 12 were asked t draw a huse as a distractin after thinking abut smething upsetting. This grup was able t imprve their md when cmpared with children wh were instructed t draw the negative event r simply cpy anther drawing.
A．It helps all f us develp necessary sft skills.
B．These are its majr benefits.
C．It can help peple handle mental prblems.
D．Art and human histry g hand-in-hand.
E．Similarly, future generatins will learn abut current events by the art we leave behind.
F．Hw des it have an impact n ur life?
G．Children lve t draw, sing and dance.
【答案】35．G 36．A 37．D 38．E 39．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要分析了艺术重要的原因。
35．根据下文“It’s a way fr them t express themselves befre they’re able t speak.”（这是他们在会说话之前表达自己的一种方式。）和“In fact, participatin in the arts may even assist kids with language, mtr skills, and visual learning develpment.”（事实上，参与艺术活动甚至可以帮助孩子提高语言、运动技能和视觉学习能力。）可知，下一句中的“them”和“they”指的是“孩子”，选项G. Children lve t draw, sing, and dance.（孩子们喜欢画画、唱歌和跳舞。）与下文句意相连，“them”和“they”指代G中的“Chidren”，“It”指代G中提到的“draw, sing and dance”，衔接合理。故选G。
36．空处为该段的主题句，分析了艺术重要的原因之一。根据下文“Hwever, many emplyers als understand the very imprtant need fr the skills which are hard t measure and ften difficult t define. Sme examples include a persn’s ability t adapt t change, think creatively, r cllabrate with team members.”（然而，许多雇主也明白对那些难以衡量和定义的技能的重要需求，一些例子包括一个人适应变化、创造性思考或与团队成员合作的能力。）可知，该段主要表达了很多工作都需要员工具有一定的软技能，选项A. It helps all f us develp necessary sft skills.（它帮助我们所有人发展必要的软技能。）指出了艺术可以帮助人们发展必要的软技能，这是艺术重要的原因之一，符合本段主题。故选A。
37．根据上一句“It prvides histrical cntext.”（它提供了历史背景。）和下一句“This is why peple dedicate their lives t studying cave art, Shakespearean plays, and s much mre.”（这就是为什么人们毕生致力于研究洞穴艺术，莎士比亚戏剧，以及更多的东西。）可知，艺术具有历史背景，通过研究艺术，可以发掘更多的历史知识，可见艺术和历史是戚戚相关的。选项D. Art and human histry g hand-in-hand.（艺术和人类历史是密不可分的。）表达了这层含义，下一句中的“This”指的就是选项D所表达的内容，语意衔接合理，符合语境。故选D。
38．根据上一句“We can study art t find ut what thse befre us were facing and hw they vercame it.”（我们可以通过学习艺术来了解前人所面临的问题，以及他们是如何克服的。），选项E. Similarly, future generatins will learn abut current events by the art we leave behind.（同样，子孙后代将通过我们留下的艺术来了解当前的事件。）进一步解释说明了“It prvides histrical cntext.”（艺术可以提供历史背景。）这一段落主旨，我们可以通过艺术了解前人，同样我们的后代也可以通过艺术了解我们，语意衔接合理，符合主题。故选E。
39．根据上一句“In therapy (疗法) settings, art als prvides an pprtunity fr digging deeper and expressing emtins that are difficult t discuss.”（在治疗环境中，艺术也提供了一个深入挖掘和表达难以讨论的情感的机会。）和下文“This grup was able t imprve their md when cmpared with children wh were instructed t draw the negative event r simply cpy anther drawing.”（与那些被指导画消极事件或只是复制另一幅画的孩子相比，这组孩子的情绪得到了改善。）可知，艺术能够帮助孩子们挖掘和表达情感，并改善情绪，选项C. It can help peple handle mental prblems.（它可以帮助人们解决心理问题。）表达了这层含义，也是该段的主题句。故选C。
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Habit frmatin is the prcess by which behaviurs becme autmatic. Peple develp cuntless habits as they explre the wrld, whether they are aware f them r nt. Understanding hw habits take shape may be helpful in changing bad habits.
Habits are built thrugh learning and repetitin. A persn is thught t develp a habit in the curse f pursuing gals by beginning t assciate certain cues(刺激) with behaviural respnses that help meet the gal. Over time, thughts f the behaviur and ultimately the behaviur itself are likely t be triggered(触发) by these cues.
A “habit lp(环)” is a way f describing several related elements that prduce habits. These elements are called the cue, the rutine, and the reward. Fr example, stress culd serve as a cue that ne respnds t by eating, which prduces the reward﹣the reductin f stress. While a rutine invlves repeated behaviur, it’s nt necessarily perfrmed in respnse t a deep﹣rted urge, as a habit is.
Old habits can be difficult t shake, and healthy habits are ften harder t develp. But thrugh repetitin, it’s pssible t frm new habits. The amunt f time needed t build a habit will depend n multiple factrs, including the individual and the intended behaviur. While yu are able t pickup a new habit in a few weeks, it takes many mnths t build a healthy habit. Take sme time t think abut what leads t bad habits and re﹣evaluate what yu get ut f them (r dn’t). Cnsider and keep in mind why yu want t make a change, including hw the change reflects yur values.
40．Hw are habits built?
41．In what way is a rutine different frm a habit?
42．Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Picking up a new habit takes a few week, while building a healthy habit takes a shrter time.
43．What benefit(s) have yu gt frm ne f yur gd habits?(In abut 40 wrds)
【答案】40．Habits are built thrugh learning and repetitin. 41．A rutine invlves repeated behaviur while a habit is a deep﹣rted urge. 42．Picking up a new habit takes a few week, while building a healthy habit takes a shrter time. Because building a healthy habit takes many mnths. 43．I have a gd habit f ging t bed early and getting up early. Therefre, I can study energetically every mrning, which makes me study efficiently. Als, I am very healthy.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。习惯的形成是行为自动形成的过程。人们在探索世界的过程中养成了无数的习惯，不管他们是否意识到这些习惯。文章主要说明了习惯是如何形成的以及对人的影响。
40．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“Habits are built thrugh learning and repetitin.(习惯是通过学习和重复建立起来的)”可知，习惯是通过学习和重复建立起来的。故填Habits are built thrugh learning and repetitin.。
41．考查细节理解。根据第三段中“While a rutine invlves repeated behaviur, it’s nt necessarily perfrmed in respnse t a deep﹣rted urge, as a habit is.(虽然一个常规包括重复的行为，但它不一定是为了应对深度﹣根深蒂固的冲动，就像习惯一样)”可知，常规不同于习惯在于：常规是重复的行为，而习惯是深度﹣根深蒂固的冲动，故填A rutine invlves repeated behaviur while a habit is a deep﹣rted urge.。
42．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“While yu are able t pickup a new habit in a few weeks, it takes many mnths t build a healthy habit.(虽然你可以在几周内养成一个新的习惯，但是要养成一个健康的习惯却需要好几个月的时间)”可知，养成一个新的习惯需要好几周，而要养成一个健康的习惯却需要好几个月的时间。所以句子“Picking up a new habit takes a few week, while building a healthy habit takes a shrter time.”中“a shrter time”错误，应该为many mnths，故填Picking up a new habit takes a few week, while building a healthy habit takes a shrter time. Because building a healthy habit takes many mnths.。
43．开放试题，言之有理即可。题干问“你的一个好习惯给你带来了什么好处？（大约40个字）”，答案可以是：我有早睡早起的好习惯。因此，我可以每天早上精力充沛地学习，这使我学习效率高。而且，我很健康。故填I have a gd habit f ging t bed early and getting up early. Therefre, I can study energetically every mrning, which makes me study efficiently. Als, I am very healthy.。
第二节(20分)
44．假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校组织了主题为“爱阅读，爱思考”的系列读书活动。请你用英文给英国笔友Jim 写一封邮件，向他介绍该活动。内容包括：
1. 活动目的及形式;
2. 个人收获及后续计划。
注意：1. 词数100左右;
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
Hw are yu ding? I am writing t tell yu abut sme details abut the activity “Lve reading, Lve thinking” rganized by my schl, Red Star High Schl.
The purpse f this activity is t encurage students t develp the habit f reading and t enhance ur critical thinking abilities. The activities include bk sharing sessins, reading cntests, bk reviews, and discussins n varius tpics related t literature.
Persnally, I find this activity very meaningful and inspiring. I have fund that it has bradened my hrizns, enriched my knwledge and stimulated my interest in reading. After the activity, I plan t cntinue t read widely and t share my insights with my classmates.
I wuld lve t hear yur thughts n this. Lking frward t yur reply.
Best regards,
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国好友Jim介绍学校组织的主题为“爱阅读，爱思考”的系列读书活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
活动：activity→event
鼓励：encurage→inspire
提高：enhance→imprve
各种各样的：varius→a variety f
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I am writing t tell yu abut sme details abut the activity “Lve reading, Lve thinking” rganized by my schl, Red Star High Schl.
拓展句：I am writing t tell yu abut sme details abut the activity “Lve reading, Lve thinking” which was rganized by my schl, Red Star High Schl.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I am writing t tell yu abut sme details abut the activity “Lve reading, Lve thinking” rganized by my schl, Red Star High Schl.(运用了过去分词作后置定语）
【高分句型2】I have fund that it has bradened my hrizns, enriched my knwledge and stimulated my interest in reading.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)
英 语
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分知识运用（共两节,满分30分）
第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
As a child, I was truly afraid f the dark and f getting lst; these fears were very real and caused me sme uncmfrtable mments.
Maybe it was the strange way things lked and sunded in my familiar rm at night that 1 me s much. There was never ttal 2 , but a streetlight r passing car lights made clthes hung ver a chair take n the 3 f a wild animal. Out f the crner f my eye, I saw the curtains seem t mve when there was n wind. A tiny sund in the flr wuld seem a hundred times luder than in the daylight. My 4 wuld run wild, and my heart wuld beat fast. I wuld 5 very still s that the “enemy” wuld nt discver me.
Anther f my childhd fears was that I wuld get lst, 6 n the way hme frm schl. Every mrning I gt n the schl bus right near my hme — that was n prblem. After schl thugh, when all the buses were 7 up alng the street, I was afraid that I’d get n the wrng ne and be taken t sme unfamiliar neighbrhd. On schl r family trips t a park r a museum, I wuldn’t let the leaders ut f my sight.
Perhaps ne f the wrst fears f all I had as a child was that f nt being liked r 8 by thers. Being ppular was s imprtant t me then, and the fear f nt being liked was a 9 ne.
One f the prcesses f grwing up is being able t recgnize and 10 ur fears. Understanding the things that frightened us as children helps us achieve greater success later in life.
1．A．wundedB．destryedC．surprisedD．frightened
2．A．quietnessB．darknessC．emptinessD．lneliness
3．A．spiritB．heightC．bdyD．shape
4．A．beliefB．feelingC．imaginatinD．dubt
5．A．lieB．hideC．restD．wake
6．A．especiallyB．ccasinallyC．prbablyD．cnstantly
7．A．calledB．backedC．linedD．packed
8．A．prtectedB．guidedC．believedD．accepted
9．A．strictB．pwerfulC．heavyD．meaningful
10．A．avidB．celebrateC．vercmeD．cntain
【答案】
1．D 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．A 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者小时候所恐惧的一些事情。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许是夜晚在我熟悉的房间里，事物奇怪的样子和声音让我如此害怕。A. wunded受伤；B. destryed破坏；C. surprised使惊讶；D. frightened使害怕。根据第一段“As a child, I was truly afraid f the dark and f getting lst; these fears were very real and caused me sme uncmfrtable mments.(小时候，我真的很怕黑，很怕迷路；这些恐惧是真实存在的，给我带来了一些不舒服的时刻)”可知，事物奇怪的样子和声音让作者害怕。故选D。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从来没有完全的黑暗，但路灯或过往的汽车灯光使挂在椅子上的衣服呈现出野生动物的形状。A. quietness安静；B. darkness黑暗；C. emptiness空；D. lneliness孤独。根据后文“but a streetlight r passing car lights”可知，有灯光，说明没有完全的黑暗。故选B。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从来没有完全的黑暗，但路灯或过往的汽车灯光使挂在椅子上的衣服呈现出野生动物的形状。A. spirit精神；B. height高度；C. bdy身体；D. shape形状。根据后文“f a wild animal”可知，路灯或过往的汽车灯光使挂在椅子上的衣服呈现出野生动物的形状。故选D。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的想象力会变得疯狂，我的心会跳得很快。A. belief相信；B. feeling感觉；C. imaginatin想象力；D. dubt怀疑。根据上文“Out f the crner f my eye, I saw the curtains seem t mve when there was n wind. A tiny sund in the flr wuld seem a hundred times luder than in the daylight.(从眼角余光，我看到窗帘在没有风的时候好像在动。地板上微小的声音会比白天的声音大上百倍)”可知，作者在黑暗里会想象一些不存在的东西，故选C。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会静静地躺着，这样“敌人”就不会发现我。A. lie撒谎，躺下；B. hide隐藏；C. rest休息；D. wake醒来。根据后文“very still s that the “enemy” wuld nt discver me”指作者静静地躺着。故选A。
6．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我童年的另一个恐惧是我会迷路，尤其是在放学回家的路上。A. especially尤其，特别；B. ccasinally偶尔；C. prbably可能；D. cnstantly不断地。根据后文“n the way hme frm schl”指作者尤其在回家的路上会迷路。故选A。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但放学后，当所有的公共汽车都在街上排队时，我担心自己会坐错车，被带到一个不熟悉的社区。A. called打电话；B. backed支持；C. lined排队；D. packed打包。根据后文“up alng the street”指所有的公共汽车都在街上排队，line up表示“排队”。故选C。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许我小时候最害怕的事情之一就是不被别人喜欢或接受。A. prtected保护；B. guided指导；C. believed相信；D. accepted接受。根据上文“f nt being liked r”可知，作者害怕不被喜欢或接受。故选D。
9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那时，受欢迎对我来说非常重要，而不被喜欢的恐惧是一种强大的恐惧。A. strict严格的；B. pwerful强大的；C. heavy沉重的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据上文“Being ppular was s imprtant t me then”可知，作者渴望被人喜欢，受欢迎很重要，因此不被喜欢的恐惧是一种强大的恐惧。故选B。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：成长的过程之一就是能够认识并克服我们的恐惧。A. avid避免；B. celebrate庆祝；C. vercme克服；D. cntain包含。根据后文“Understanding the things that frightened us as children helps us achieve greater success later in life.(了解小时候让我们害怕的事情有助于我们在以后的生活中取得更大的成功)”可知，这里指认识和克服恐惧。故选C。
第二节语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
A
阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The passengers n the bus watched with sympathy as Susan made her way carefully up the steps. She paid the driver and then, using her hands t feel the seats, 11 (settle) in ne f them. It had been years since Susan became blind. As the result f an accident, she 12 (thrw) int a wrld f darkness. Susan’s husband Mark watched her sink int despair and he was determined t use every pssible means t help her wife. Mark vlunteered 13 (ride) the bus with Susan each mrning and evening until she culd manage it by herself.
【答案】11．settled 12．was thrwn 13．t ride
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了Susan因一次事故导致双目失明，她的丈夫 Mark 帮助她适应黑暗的日常生活。
11．考查动词时态。句意：她付钱给司机，然后用手摸了摸座位，坐在其中一个座位上。分析句子结构可知，and连接paid和settle两个动作。根据语境此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，故填settled。
12．考查时态和语态。句意：由于一次事故，她陷入了黑暗的世界。thrw neself int意为“使某人陷入……之中”。分析句子结构可知，thrw和she(herself)是动宾关系，要用被动语态。由于讲述的是发生事故后的事情，所以要用一般过去时，且主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填was thrwn。
13．考查不定式做宾语。句意：马克每天早晚自愿和苏珊一起乘公共汽车，直到她自己能应付为止。vlunteer 之后要用不定式做宾语。故填t ride。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The African penguin is expected t g extinct in the wild in just ver a decade, given its current ppulatin decline. The main reasn is a lack f fd caused by disturbance t cean cnditins frm glbal heating and 14 (cmpete) frm the cmmercial fishing industry. Accrding t a study, recently scientists 15 (identify) a pssible additinal cause, ne that is an entirely new threat and that further 16 (prevent) the penguins frm finding fd: nise pllutin frm marine ships in a bay.
【答案】14．cmpetitin 15．have identified 16．prevents
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了非洲企鹅数量的下降的原因。
14．考查名词。句意：主要原因是全球变暖对海洋环境的干扰和商业捕鱼业的竞争造成了食物短缺。分析句子可知，提示词与名词disturbance是并列关系，作介词宾语，用名词cmpetitin，意为“竞争”。故填cmpetitin。
15．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：根据一项研究，最近科学家们发现了一个可能的额外原因，这是一个全新的威胁，进一步阻止企鹅寻找食物：海湾中船舶的噪音污染。分析句子可知，identify(发现)是句中谓语动词，与主语scientists之间是主动关系，句中有时间状语recently，应使用现在完成时态，又因主语是复数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上，谓语应用现在完成时主动语态，复数形式。故填have identified。
16．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：根据一项研究，最近科学家们发现了一个可能的额外原因，这是一个全新的威胁，进一步阻止企鹅寻找食物：海湾中船舶的噪音污染。分析句子可知，prevent(阻止)是定语从句中谓语动词，与关系代词that(即先行词ne)之间是主动关系，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时态，又因主语是单数代词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般现在时主动语态，单数形式。故填prevents。
C
阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Physical bks have advantages 17 seeing wrds with ne’s wn eyes can help t hld attentin mre tightly. It is als 18 (easy) t find specific parts f the bk again if the mind wanders while reading. Hwever, audibks ffer a different kind f experience, 19 (allw) the listener t becme fully immersed in the stry and engage different parts f the brain. Listening t an audibk has been shwn t develp greater empathy, as listeners hear the emtin 20 (cnvey) by the narratr. Inflectin and intnatin are mre easily understd thrugh hearing rather than reading. The intensity and imagery f the stry can be heightened by listening t an audibk, making the experience even mre enjyable.
【答案】17．because 18．easier 19．allwing 20．cnveyed
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了实体书和有声书各自的优势。
17．考查原因状语从句。句意：实体书有其优势，因为用自己的眼睛看到文字可以帮助更牢牢地集中注意力。分析句子意思可知，空后的“用自己的眼睛看到文字可以帮助更牢牢地集中注意力”是空前的“实体书有其优势”的原因，且此处强调直接原因，空处应用从属连词because引导原因状语从句。故填because。
18．考查形容词比较级。句意：如果在阅读时走神，也更容易找到书中的具体部分。根据上下文可知，此处在讨论实体书的优势，隐含比较的意思，应该是表示“更容易找到书中的具体部分”，空处应用easy的比较级形式easier。故填easier。
19．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，有声书提供了一种不同的体验，让听者完全沉浸在故事中，并调动大脑的不同部分。分析句子可知，空处作句子的伴随状语，是非谓语动词，allw和audibks逻辑上是主动关系，空处应用allw的现在分词形式allwing。故填allwing。
20．考查非谓语动词。句意：听有声书可以培养更强的同理心，因为听者听到了叙述者所传达的情感。分析句子可知，空处是修饰the emtin的后置定语，是非谓语动词，cnvey和the emtin逻辑上是被动关系，空处应用cnvey的过去分词形式cnveyed。故填cnveyed。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 38分）
第一节（共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Get invlved with ur research
Sme f ur research prjects rely n the genersity f peple like yu. Whether it’s using yur hme PC, taking part in a clinical trial, r simply vlunteering yur time fr a study, yu may be able t cntribute t sme f the grund-breaking prjects which make the University f Oxfrd a wrld leader in research. Watch this space fr ways in which yu culd get invlved.
Seeking pr sleepers fr insmnia (失眠) research
Truble sleeping? Researchers frm the Sleep & Circadian Neurscience Institute are evaluating different interventins aimed at imprving sleep. We are lking fr pr sleepers between the ages f 18 and 65. Participatin will invlve spending vernights in the sleep labratry at Oxfrd, mnitring yur sleep/wake cycle, and cmpleting cmputerised tasks. If yu are interested, please cntact the research team at insmnia@
Vlunteers with lazy eye wanted
We are lking fr vlunteers with a histry f lazy eye t take part in ur brain scanning study. We are lking fr healthy vlunteers aged 18-45 with a histry f lazy eye. Yu will als be asked questins abut yur medical histry t check yur suitability fr an MRI scan. Call 01865 223622 fr mre infrmatin.
Oxfrd Vaccine Grup
The Oxfrd Vaccine Grup is an independent multi-disciplinary (多学科的) clinical trials grup. OVG wrks twards the gal f develping new and imprved vaccines fr the preventin f infectin in adults and children, enhancing the understanding f immunity and studying the epidemilgy f infectius diseases. T get mre infrmatin, please see the OVG website.
Oxfrd Experimental lab fr the Scial Sciences
The Oxfrd Internet Institute, tgether with the Business Schl, is recruiting individuals t participate in cmputer-based experiments invlving nline surfing behavir as well as ecnmic and plitical decisin-making. We pay ur subjects well, there are n special skills required and yu dn’t have t cme t the lab in persn Cntact us at scialscience.study @ fr mre infrmatin.
21．What is the main purpse f the passage?
A．T ffer medical help t patients.B．T lk fr experienced researchers.
C．T intrduce new research prgrams.D．T recruit vlunteers fr research prjects.
22．The gal f VG is t________.
A．carry ut clinical trialsB．prduce better vaccines
C．learn mre abut infectinD．study the causes f diseases
23．Yu can finish the experiment n yur hme PC if yu jin________.
A．Oxfrd Vaccine GrupB．Insmnia research grup
C．Oxfrd Experimental labD．Brain Scanning study grup
【答案】21．D 22．B 23．C
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了牛津大学在招募志愿者，着重介绍了可以志愿参与的四种研究项目。
21．推理判断题。文章第一部分Get invlved with ur research中提到“Sme f ur research prjects rely n the genersity f peple like yu. Whether it’s using yur hme PC, taking part in a clinical trial, r simply vlunteering yur time fr a study, yu may be able t cntribute t sme f the grund-breaking prjects which make the University f Oxfrd a wrld leader in research. Watch this space fr ways in which yu culd get invlved.”我们的许多研究项目需要像你这样的志愿人士参与。你可以通过电脑参与，也可以参与临床试验，或者只是花一点时间来参与研究，通过这些途径你都可以为牛津大学突破性的项目做出自己的贡献。以下是你可以参与的项目。由此可推断文章旨在招募志愿者加入研究项目。D项符合文意，故选D项。
22．细节理解题。文章Oxfrd Vaccine Grup中提到“OVG wrks twards the gal f develping new and imprved vaccines fr the preventin f infectin in adults and children, enhancing the understanding f immunity and studying the epidemilgy f infectius diseases.”OVG的目的在于研发新的疫苗、改进旧的疫苗。预防成人和儿童传染病。增强人们对免疫的了解以及研究传染病的流行病学。B项意为“生产更好的疫苗”，符合文意。故选B项。
23．细节理解题。文章最后一部分Oxfrd Experimental lab fr the Scial Sciences中提到“We pay ur subjects well, there are n special skills required and yu dn’t have t cme t the lab in persn ”，意为“我们的项目报酬丰厚，不需要特殊的技能，参与者不需要亲自来实验室就可以参加”。所以加入Oxfrd Experimental lab fr the Scial Sciences，在家里的电脑上就可以完成实验。故选C项。
B
D yu listen t quiet music t help yu wind dwn befre sleep? Hwever, this practice culd be cunter-prductive, accrding t a new study by Michael K. Scullin and clleagues at Baylr University. The wrk, published in Psychlgical Medicine, fund that bedtime music was assciated with mre sleep disruptins and that instrumental music is even wrse than music with lyrics.
In the first study, 199 nline participants living in the US reprted n their sleep quality and music listening frequency and timing, as well as their beliefs abut hw this affected their sleep. Almst all—87%—believed that music imprves sleep, r at least des nt disrupt it. Hwever, the team fund that mre verall time spent listening t music was assciated with prer sleep and daytime sleepiness. Just ver three quarters f the participants als reprted experiencing frequent “earwrms”—having a sng r tune “stuck” and replaying in their minds. A quarter reprted experiencing these during the night at least nce per week, and these peple were six times as likely t reprt pr sleep quality. The team’s analysis suggested that listening specifically t instrumental music near bedtime was linked t mre sleep-related earwrms and prer sleep quality.
The team then ran an experimental study n 48 yung adults. After arriving at the sleep lab at 8:45 p. m., participants went t a quiet bedrm, where they cmpleted questinnaires that included measures f stress, sleep quality and daytime sleepiness. They als had electrdes applied, ready fr the night-time plysmngraphy t recrd their brain wave activity, as well as heart rate and breathing, and reprted n hw relaxed, nervus, energetic, sleepy and stressed they felt. At 10:00 p. m., they were given sme “dwntime”, with quiet music playing. Half were randmized t hear three sngs while the ther half heard instrumental-nly versins f these same sngs.
Participants reprted decreases in stress and nervusness and increased relaxatin after listening t either set f sngs, and als shwed decreases in bld pressure. S-as earlier studies have als suggested- quiet music at bedtime was indeed relaxing at the time. Hwever, a quarter f the participants wke frm sleep with an earwrm, and the plysmngraphy data shwed that instrumental versins f the sngs were mre likely t induce these awakenings as well as ther sleep disruptins, such as shifts frm deeper sleep t lighter sleep. Taken tgether, the findings represent “causal evidence fr bedtime instrumental music affecting sleep quality via triggering earwrms” the team writes.
Why instrumental-nly sngs shuld have a bigger impact than music with lyrics isn’t clear. The three sngs used in this study were chsen because they were likely t be familiar. Hearing them withut the lyrics might have prmpted the participant’s brains t try t add the wrds, which might have made earwrms mre likely. If this is the case, all instrumental music may nt have the same effect. Hwever, the data frm the first study is cnsistent with the idea that instrumental music generally is mre f a prblem.
24．Accrding t the passage, the participants in bth studies______.
A．were required t listen t light musicB．felt their sleeping prblems reslved
C．had their sleeping quality mnitredD．prvided feedback n bedtime music
25．What des the underlined wrd “induce” in Paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A．Lead t.B．Impact n.C．Break in.D．Fcus n.
26．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．Earwrms are mainly caused by music with lyrics.
B．Bedtime music leads t high bld pressure and anxiety.
C．Quiet music imprves sleeping quality while lud music harms sleep.
D．Bth familiar and unfamiliar instrumental music can cause sleeping prblems.
27．The passage is mainly abut______.
A．hw instrumental music disturbs sleep
B．the pssible negative effect f bedtime music
C．hw peple can imprve their sleep quality
D．differences between music with and withut lyrics
【答案】24．D 25．A 26．D 27．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项最新研究表明：睡前音乐会导致更多的睡眠中断，乐器音乐甚至比有歌词的音乐更糟糕。
24．细节理解题。文章第二段讲到“A quarter reprted experiencing these during the night at least nce per week, and these peple were six times as likely t reprt pr sleep quality. (四分之一的人报告说，他们每周至少在夜间经历一次这种情况，而这些人报告睡眠质量差的可能性是其他人的六倍。)”以及第四段讲到“Participants reprted decreases in stress and nervusness and increased relaxatin after listening t either set f sngs, and als shwed decreases in bld pressure. (参与者报告说，听了这两首歌后，压力和紧张情绪减轻，放松感增强，血压也有所下降。)”可知，根据文章，两项研究的参与者都提供睡前音乐反馈。故选D。
25．词义猜测题。文章第四段讲到“Hwever, a quarter f the participants wke frm sleep with an earwrm, and the plysmngraphy data shwed that instrumental versins f the sngs were mre likely t induce these awakenings as well as ther sleep disruptins, such as shifts frm deeper sleep t lighter sleep. (然而，四分之一的参与者从睡梦中醒来时患上了耳虫，多导睡眠图数据显示，这些歌曲的器乐版本更有可能引发这些觉醒以及其他睡眠中断，例如从深度睡眠转变为轻度睡眠。)”可知，第4段中带下划线的单词“induce”可能的意思是“导致”。故选A。
26．推理判断题。文章最后一段讲到“If this is the case, all instrumental music may nt have the same effect. Hwever, the data frm the first study is cnsistent with the idea that instrumental music generally is mre f a prblem. (如果是这样的话，所有的器乐可能都不会有相同的效果。然而，第一项研究的数据与器乐通常更成问题的观点一致。)”可知，从这篇文章推断出熟悉和不熟悉的器乐都会导致睡眠问题。故选D。
27．主旨大意题。本文介绍了一项最新研究表明：睡前音乐会导致更多的睡眠中断，乐器音乐甚至比有歌词的音乐更糟糕。尤其文章第一段讲到“The wrk, published in Psychlgical Medicine,fund that bedtime music was assciated with mre sleep disruptins and that instrumental music is even wrse than music with lyrics. (这项发表在《心理医学》上的研究发现，睡前音乐与更多的睡眠中断有关，器乐甚至比有歌词的音乐更糟糕。)”可知，这篇文章主要是关于睡前音乐可能带来的负面影响。故选B。
C
The wrld’s ceans will likely lse abut ne-sixth f their fish and ther creatures within 100 years if climate change cntinues n its current path. Every degree Celsius that the wrld’s ceans warm, their bimass is expected t drp five percent, a study fund.
The study predicts that if there is n change in the rate f wrldwide greenhuse gas prductin, there will be a 17-percent lss f bimass by the year 2100. But, if the wrld reduces carbn pllutin, bimass lsses culd be limited t nly abut 5 percent.
Warming temperatures are the biggest issue. But climate change als prduces ceans that are mre acidic and have less xygen. This als harms sea life. Much f the wrld depends n the ceans fr fd r wrk.
The findings make sense and the pssible effects f the predicted lsses f animal life are huge. “Climate change has the ptential t cause serius new cnflicts ver cean resurce use as the human ppulatin cntinues t grw,” said scientists.
Marine bilgist Bris Wrm, wh helped run the study, added that the “building blcks f marine life—planktn and bacteria—may decline less heavily.”
“Thse marine animals that we use directly, and care abut mst deeply, are predicted t suffer the mst,” said Wrm. He wrks at Canada’s Dalhusie University.
Scientists had already believed climate change wuld likely reduce future cean life. But past cmputer-based studies lked at nly part f the picture r used nly ne mdel. The latest study used six different cmputer mdels t give the best picture lk yet, William Cheung said.
University f Gergia marine bilgist Samantha Jye was nt part f the research. But she praised the study as well researched and extremely detailed, and called it “an urgent call fr actin”.
28．What des the underlined wrd “bimass” in paragraph 1 refer t?
A．Ocean temperature.B．Ttal marine life.
C．Sea cnditin.D．Ocean level.
29．Why d scientists think that climate change might cause cnflicts?
A．It may reduce the sea resurce.B．It leads t the extinctin f marine life.
C．It pllutes the envirnment f the cean.D．It may increase the wrld ppulatin.
30．Which sea animals will be harmed the wrst by sea warming?
A．The largest nes.B．The nes in deep ceans.
C．The bacteria n sea surface.D．Thse we humans need mst.
【答案】28．B 29．A 30．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如果气候变化持续升温，世界的海洋中的鱼类和其他生物可能会在未来100年内损失约六分之一。同时文章介绍了气候变化对海洋以及人类产生的其他影响。
28．词义猜测题。根据划线词前面的句子“The wrld’s ceans will likely lse abut ne-sixth f their fish and ther creatures within 100 years if climate change cntinues n its current path. (如果气候继续以目前的方式变化，世界海洋可能会在100年内失去大约六分之一的鱼类和其他生物。)”以及“Every degree Celsius that the wrld’s ceans warm(全球海洋温度每升高一度)”以及划线词后面的内容“is expected t drp five percent(预计会下降5%)”可知，此处指出随着气候变化的影响，世界海洋中的鱼类和其他生物会失去大约六分之一；由此可知，全球海洋温度每升高一度，海洋中的生物总数预计会下降5%。因此划线词与B选项“Ttal marine life.( 海洋生物总数。)”为同义词。故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据第四段“The findings make sense and the pssible effects f the predicted lsses f animal life are huge.“Climate change has the ptential t cause serius new cnflicts ver cean resurce use as the human ppulatin cntinues t grw,” said scientists.(这些发现是有道理的，预测的动物生命损失可能产生巨大影响。科学家们说：“随着人口的持续增长，气候变化有可能在海洋资源利用方面引发新的严重冲突。”)”可知，随着人口增长，气候变化可能会导致人类在海洋资源利用方面引发新的严重冲突，的原因是气候变化使得海洋动物生命周期变短，即资源不断减少。故选A。
30．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段““Thse marine animals that we use directly, and care abut mst deeply, are predicted t suffer the mst,” said Wrm. He wrks at Canada’s Dalhusie University.(沃姆说：“那些我们直接使用、最关心的海洋动物预计将遭受最大的损失。”他在加拿大达尔豪斯大学工作)”可知，那些人类直接使用、最关心的海洋动物预计将遭受最大的损失，即人类最需要的海洋动物将遭受最大的伤害。故选D。
D
When we think abut lives filled with meaning, we ften fcus n peple whse grand cntributins benefited humanity. Abraham Lincln,Martin Luther King and Nelsn Mandela surely felt they had a wrthwhile life. But hw abut us rdinary peple,struggling in a typical existence?
There is an imprtant element t cnsider. Think abut the first butterfly yu stp t admire after a lng winter r imagine the scenery at the tp f a hill after a fresh hike. Smetimes existence delivers us small mments f beauty. When peple are pen t appreciating such experiences, these mments may enhance hw they view their life. This element is defined as EA (experiential appreciatin) by Jshua Hicks, a psychlgical prfessr at Texas A &M University.
Recently, he and his research team set ut t figure ut whether EA was related t a persn’s sense f meaning in a series f studies that invlved mre than 3,000 participants. At an initial test, researchers had participants rate their agreement f different cping strategies t relieve their stress. They fund peple wh managed stress by fcusing n their appreciatin fr life’s beauty als reprted experiencing life as highly meaningful.
Researchers then cnducted a series f experiments, in which they gave participants specific tasks and, nce mre, asked them t reprt hw strngly they identified with statements linked t purpse, etc. In ne case, participants wh watched an awe-inspiring vide reprted having a greater sense f EA and meaning in life, cmpared with thse wh watched mre neutral vides. After reflecting n the results cllected frm the participants, researchers cnfirmed their riginal thery.
But applying that insight can be difficult.Our mdern, fast-paced, prject-riented lifestyles fill the day with targets and gals. We are n the g, and we attempt t maximize utput bth at wrk and at leisure.
This fcus n future utcmes makes it all t easy t miss what is happening right nw. Yet life happens in the present mment. We shuld slw dwn, let life surprise us and embrace the significance in the everyday life.
31．Why are the butterfly and the scenery n a hill mentined in paragraph 2?
A．T intrduce a cncept.
B．T attract readers’ interest.
C．T demnstrate the beauty f nature.
D．T shw the necessity f prtecting nature.
32．Hw did the researchers cnduct the study?
A．By designing different strategies t reduce stress
B．By studying previus research data.
C．By shting vides starring the participants.
D．By analyzing the respnse frm the participants.
33．Wh tends t find life mre meaningful accrding t the text?
A．A persn wh always gets her life well-rganized.
B．A persn wh ften hears mtivating speeches.
C．A persn wh leads a fast-paced life
D．A persn wh always expects future results.
34．What life philsphy des the authr shw in the last paragraph?
A．N pains, n gains.
B．Thse wh believe in their ability can d anything.
C．Live yur life ne day at a time.
D．Being n sea, sail; being n land, settle.
【答案】31．A 32．D 33．B 34．C
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。研究表明，能欣赏生活中的美丽的人更能发现生活的意义，而我们现代、快节奏、以项目为导向的生活方式让我们忽略当下正在发生的事情，因此，我们应当活在当下。
31．推理判断题。根据文章第一段提出问题“普通人的生命对比有伟大贡献的人是否有意义？”及第二段“Think abut the first butterfly yu stp t admire after a lng winter r imagine the scenery at the tp f a hill after a fresh hike. Smetimes existence delivers us small mments f beauty. When peple are pen t appreciating such experiences, these mments may enhance hw they view their life. This element is defined as EA(experiential appreciatin)by Jshua Hicks, a psychlgical prfessr at Texas A &M University.(想想你在漫长的冬天后停下来欣赏的第一只蝴蝶，或者想象一次徒步旅行后山顶上的风景。有时候，生活带给我们美好的瞬间。当人们乐于欣赏这样的经历时，这些时刻可能会增强他们对生活的看法。这个元素被德克萨斯农工大学的心理学教授Jshua Hicks定义为EA（体验性欣赏）)”可知，文章第二段通过引出在山上欣赏美丽的蝴蝶和美景的例子来引入一个概念——体验性欣赏。故选A。
32．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“At an initial test, researchers had participants rate their agreement f different cping strategies t relieve their stress.(在最初的测试中，研究人员让参与者评估他们对缓解压力的不同应对策略的认同程度)”和第四段中“Researchers then cnducted a series f experiments,in which they gave participants specific tasks and, nce mre, asked them t reprt hw strngly they identified with statements linked t purpse, etc.(研究人员随后进行了一系列实验，在实验中，他们给参与者特定的任务，并再次要求他们报告他们对与目的相关的陈述的认同程度，等等)”以及“After reflecting n the results cllected frm the participants, researchers cnfirmed their riginal thery.(在反思了从参与者那里收集到的结果后，研究人员证实了他们最初的理论)”可知，研究者通过分析参与者的不同反应来进行研究。故选D。
33．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段“In ne case, participants wh watched an awe-inspiring vide reprted having a greater sense f EA and meaning in life, cmpared with thse wh watched mre neutral vides.(在一个案例中，观看了令人敬畏的视频的参与者报告说，与观看更多中性视频的参与者相比，他们对EA和生活意义的感觉更强)”可推知，经常听鼓舞人心的演讲的人更能找到生活的意义。故选B。
34．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“This fcus n future utcmes makes it all t easy t miss what is happening right nw. Yet life happens in the present mment. We shuld slw dwn, let life surprise us and embrace the significance in the everyday life.(这种对未来结果的关注使得我们很容易忽略当下正在发生的事情。然而，生活就发生在当下。我们应该慢下来，让生活给我们惊喜，拥抱日常生活中的意义)”可知，作者在最后一段告诉我们，应该生活在当下。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Art is all arund us. It can be fund everywhere, including fancy galleries, peple’s living rms, and n the sides f buildings. S, why is art imprtant?
It prmtes expressin and creativity. As humans, we’re naturally drawn t art as a frm f expressin and cmmunicatin. 35 It’s a way fr them t express themselves befre they’re able t speak. In fact, participatin in the arts may even assist kids with language, mtr skills, and visual learning develpment.
36 . When smene applies fr a jb, there are certain skills they need t have like data analysis r bkkeeping. Hwever, many emplyers als understand the very imprtant need fr the skills which are hard t measure and ften difficult t define. Sme examples include a persn’s ability t adapt t change, think creatively, r cllabrate with team members.
It prvides histrical cntext. 37 . This is why peple dedicate their lives t studying cave art, Shakespearean plays, and s much mre. When we take the time t dive int art created in the past, we can learn abut ther generatins and eras. We can study art t find ut what thse befre us were facing and hw they vercame it. 38 .
In therapy (疗法) settings, art als prvides an pprtunity fr digging deeper and expressing emtins that are difficult t discuss. 39 . In ne imprtant study, children between 6 and 12 were asked t draw a huse as a distractin after thinking abut smething upsetting. This grup was able t imprve their md when cmpared with children wh were instructed t draw the negative event r simply cpy anther drawing.
A．It helps all f us develp necessary sft skills.
B．These are its majr benefits.
C．It can help peple handle mental prblems.
D．Art and human histry g hand-in-hand.
E．Similarly, future generatins will learn abut current events by the art we leave behind.
F．Hw des it have an impact n ur life?
G．Children lve t draw, sing and dance.
【答案】35．G 36．A 37．D 38．E 39．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要分析了艺术重要的原因。
35．根据下文“It’s a way fr them t express themselves befre they’re able t speak.”（这是他们在会说话之前表达自己的一种方式。）和“In fact, participatin in the arts may even assist kids with language, mtr skills, and visual learning develpment.”（事实上，参与艺术活动甚至可以帮助孩子提高语言、运动技能和视觉学习能力。）可知，下一句中的“them”和“they”指的是“孩子”，选项G. Children lve t draw, sing, and dance.（孩子们喜欢画画、唱歌和跳舞。）与下文句意相连，“them”和“they”指代G中的“Chidren”，“It”指代G中提到的“draw, sing and dance”，衔接合理。故选G。
36．空处为该段的主题句，分析了艺术重要的原因之一。根据下文“Hwever, many emplyers als understand the very imprtant need fr the skills which are hard t measure and ften difficult t define. Sme examples include a persn’s ability t adapt t change, think creatively, r cllabrate with team members.”（然而，许多雇主也明白对那些难以衡量和定义的技能的重要需求，一些例子包括一个人适应变化、创造性思考或与团队成员合作的能力。）可知，该段主要表达了很多工作都需要员工具有一定的软技能，选项A. It helps all f us develp necessary sft skills.（它帮助我们所有人发展必要的软技能。）指出了艺术可以帮助人们发展必要的软技能，这是艺术重要的原因之一，符合本段主题。故选A。
37．根据上一句“It prvides histrical cntext.”（它提供了历史背景。）和下一句“This is why peple dedicate their lives t studying cave art, Shakespearean plays, and s much mre.”（这就是为什么人们毕生致力于研究洞穴艺术，莎士比亚戏剧，以及更多的东西。）可知，艺术具有历史背景，通过研究艺术，可以发掘更多的历史知识，可见艺术和历史是戚戚相关的。选项D. Art and human histry g hand-in-hand.（艺术和人类历史是密不可分的。）表达了这层含义，下一句中的“This”指的就是选项D所表达的内容，语意衔接合理，符合语境。故选D。
38．根据上一句“We can study art t find ut what thse befre us were facing and hw they vercame it.”（我们可以通过学习艺术来了解前人所面临的问题，以及他们是如何克服的。），选项E. Similarly, future generatins will learn abut current events by the art we leave behind.（同样，子孙后代将通过我们留下的艺术来了解当前的事件。）进一步解释说明了“It prvides histrical cntext.”（艺术可以提供历史背景。）这一段落主旨，我们可以通过艺术了解前人，同样我们的后代也可以通过艺术了解我们，语意衔接合理，符合主题。故选E。
39．根据上一句“In therapy (疗法) settings, art als prvides an pprtunity fr digging deeper and expressing emtins that are difficult t discuss.”（在治疗环境中，艺术也提供了一个深入挖掘和表达难以讨论的情感的机会。）和下文“This grup was able t imprve their md when cmpared with children wh were instructed t draw the negative event r simply cpy anther drawing.”（与那些被指导画消极事件或只是复制另一幅画的孩子相比，这组孩子的情绪得到了改善。）可知，艺术能够帮助孩子们挖掘和表达情感，并改善情绪，选项C. It can help peple handle mental prblems.（它可以帮助人们解决心理问题。）表达了这层含义，也是该段的主题句。故选C。
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Habit frmatin is the prcess by which behaviurs becme autmatic. Peple develp cuntless habits as they explre the wrld, whether they are aware f them r nt. Understanding hw habits take shape may be helpful in changing bad habits.
Habits are built thrugh learning and repetitin. A persn is thught t develp a habit in the curse f pursuing gals by beginning t assciate certain cues(刺激) with behaviural respnses that help meet the gal. Over time, thughts f the behaviur and ultimately the behaviur itself are likely t be triggered(触发) by these cues.
A “habit lp(环)” is a way f describing several related elements that prduce habits. These elements are called the cue, the rutine, and the reward. Fr example, stress culd serve as a cue that ne respnds t by eating, which prduces the reward﹣the reductin f stress. While a rutine invlves repeated behaviur, it’s nt necessarily perfrmed in respnse t a deep﹣rted urge, as a habit is.
Old habits can be difficult t shake, and healthy habits are ften harder t develp. But thrugh repetitin, it’s pssible t frm new habits. The amunt f time needed t build a habit will depend n multiple factrs, including the individual and the intended behaviur. While yu are able t pickup a new habit in a few weeks, it takes many mnths t build a healthy habit. Take sme time t think abut what leads t bad habits and re﹣evaluate what yu get ut f them (r dn’t). Cnsider and keep in mind why yu want t make a change, including hw the change reflects yur values.
40．Hw are habits built?
41．In what way is a rutine different frm a habit?
42．Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Picking up a new habit takes a few week, while building a healthy habit takes a shrter time.
43．What benefit(s) have yu gt frm ne f yur gd habits?(In abut 40 wrds)
【答案】40．Habits are built thrugh learning and repetitin. 41．A rutine invlves repeated behaviur while a habit is a deep﹣rted urge. 42．Picking up a new habit takes a few week, while building a healthy habit takes a shrter time. Because building a healthy habit takes many mnths. 43．I have a gd habit f ging t bed early and getting up early. Therefre, I can study energetically every mrning, which makes me study efficiently. Als, I am very healthy.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。习惯的形成是行为自动形成的过程。人们在探索世界的过程中养成了无数的习惯，不管他们是否意识到这些习惯。文章主要说明了习惯是如何形成的以及对人的影响。
40．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“Habits are built thrugh learning and repetitin.(习惯是通过学习和重复建立起来的)”可知，习惯是通过学习和重复建立起来的。故填Habits are built thrugh learning and repetitin.。
41．考查细节理解。根据第三段中“While a rutine invlves repeated behaviur, it’s nt necessarily perfrmed in respnse t a deep﹣rted urge, as a habit is.(虽然一个常规包括重复的行为，但它不一定是为了应对深度﹣根深蒂固的冲动，就像习惯一样)”可知，常规不同于习惯在于：常规是重复的行为，而习惯是深度﹣根深蒂固的冲动，故填A rutine invlves repeated behaviur while a habit is a deep﹣rted urge.。
42．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“While yu are able t pickup a new habit in a few weeks, it takes many mnths t build a healthy habit.(虽然你可以在几周内养成一个新的习惯，但是要养成一个健康的习惯却需要好几个月的时间)”可知，养成一个新的习惯需要好几周，而要养成一个健康的习惯却需要好几个月的时间。所以句子“Picking up a new habit takes a few week, while building a healthy habit takes a shrter time.”中“a shrter time”错误，应该为many mnths，故填Picking up a new habit takes a few week, while building a healthy habit takes a shrter time. Because building a healthy habit takes many mnths.。
43．开放试题，言之有理即可。题干问“你的一个好习惯给你带来了什么好处？（大约40个字）”，答案可以是：我有早睡早起的好习惯。因此，我可以每天早上精力充沛地学习，这使我学习效率高。而且，我很健康。故填I have a gd habit f ging t bed early and getting up early. Therefre, I can study energetically every mrning, which makes me study efficiently. Als, I am very healthy.。
第二节(20分)
44．假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校组织了主题为“爱阅读，爱思考”的系列读书活动。请你用英文给英国笔友Jim 写一封邮件，向他介绍该活动。内容包括：
1. 活动目的及形式;
2. 个人收获及后续计划。
注意：1. 词数100左右;
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
Hw are yu ding? I am writing t tell yu abut sme details abut the activity “Lve reading, Lve thinking” rganized by my schl, Red Star High Schl.
The purpse f this activity is t encurage students t develp the habit f reading and t enhance ur critical thinking abilities. The activities include bk sharing sessins, reading cntests, bk reviews, and discussins n varius tpics related t literature.
Persnally, I find this activity very meaningful and inspiring. I have fund that it has bradened my hrizns, enriched my knwledge and stimulated my interest in reading. After the activity, I plan t cntinue t read widely and t share my insights with my classmates.
I wuld lve t hear yur thughts n this. Lking frward t yur reply.
Best regards,
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国好友Jim介绍学校组织的主题为“爱阅读，爱思考”的系列读书活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
活动：activity→event
鼓励：encurage→inspire
提高：enhance→imprve
各种各样的：varius→a variety f
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I am writing t tell yu abut sme details abut the activity “Lve reading, Lve thinking” rganized by my schl, Red Star High Schl.
拓展句：I am writing t tell yu abut sme details abut the activity “Lve reading, Lve thinking” which was rganized by my schl, Red Star High Schl.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I am writing t tell yu abut sme details abut the activity “Lve reading, Lve thinking” rganized by my schl, Red Star High Schl.(运用了过去分词作后置定语）
【高分句型2】I have fund that it has bradened my hrizns, enriched my knwledge and stimulated my interest in reading.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)
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