广东省广州市执信中学2023-2024学年高三下学期开学测试英语试题

这是一份广东省广州市执信中学2023-2024学年高三下学期开学测试英语试题，共14页。试卷主要包含了 阅读理解，完形填空，单词拼写，短语填空，单句语法填空，读后续写， 语篇填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
2022 Wildlife Phtgrapher f the Year Awards
A yearly cntest fr the Wildlife Phtgrapher f the Year was held in Lndn this year. The cntest had 38, 575 entries frm arund the wrld. Let's have a scanning f fur f this year's best wrks.
The great prize this year belnged t Karine Aigner f the US fr an incredible sht f a ball f bees. The“ball”was frmed with a lt f male bees fighting t win a single female bee. The picture was taken in suthern Texas. Ms Aigner says that sn after the picture was taken, a female bee flew ff with ne f the males.
Dmitry Kkh f Russia wn the award fr Urban Wildlife. His picture f plar bears in an ld huse was taken n an island in the Chukchi Sea, between Russia and Alaska. Mr Kkh was n a bat when he nticed plar bears walking thrugh an area where n ne had lived fr years. T get the picture withut disturbing the bears, he used a quiet drne (无人机)t take the picture.
Fernand Cnstantin Martinez Belmar f Mexic had t wait in the dark in a cave filled with bats and snakes t get the image. Rat snakes in Yucatan hang frm cracks in the ceiling f the cave, hping t grab ne f the many bats that are flying ut f the cave fr the night. Using a red light that wuldn't disturb the animals, Mr Martinez Belmar waited until just the right mment t take the picture. He wn the Amphibian and Reptile Behavir prize.
Nick Kanakis f the US tk the picture f a wd wren (鹧鸪) - a bird that spends mst f its time n the grund. The bird has its ear t the grund, listening fr insects t catch and eat. After sptting a bird lking fr fd farther away, he stayed very still t get the sht, which wn the prize fr Bird Behavir.
1. Why d the bees develp a ball in Ms Aigner's picture?
A. T prtect them frm being sht
B. T struggle t get a female partner.
C. T fight with their cmmn enemy.
D. T express their greetings t humans.
2. Which animals in the pictures are hunting ther animals?
A. Bees and plar bears B. Plar bears and the snakes.
C. The snakes and the bird. D. The bird and bees.
3. What des the text mainly tell us abut the fur wrks?
A. The influence f the phtgraphs.
B.The backgrund f the phtgraphs.
C. The intrductin f their phtgraphers.
D. The technlgy used in the phtgraphing.
B
Sme time ag, in my class I was abut t fail a student fr his answer t a physics questin when the student claimed he deserved a better scre. The examinatin questin sunded “safe” .
“Shw hw it is pssible t determine the height f a tall building with the aid f a barmeter(气压计). ”The student had answered “Take the barmeter t the tp f the building, attach a lng rpe t it, lwer the barmeter t the street, and then bring it up, measuring the length f the rpe. The length f the rpe is the height f the building. ”
I argued that a high grade shuld prve his cmpetence in physics, but the answer did nt cnfirm this. I suggested that the student have anther try. Immediately, he wrked ut his answer: A secnd best way is t take the barmeter t the tp f the building. Drp the barmeter, timing its fall with a stpwatch. Then, using the frmula t calculate the height f the building.
I was shcked by his answer. His methd gave me nt nly a brken barmeter but a U-turn in my teaching philsphy. I gave him full marks.
On his leaving my ffice, I recalled that he suggested there culd be a better answer. S I asked him what it was. “Oh, yes, ”said the student, “There are many ways. Prbably the best, ”he said, "is t take the barmeter t the basement and ask the superintendent(楼管). Yu speak t him as fllws: Mr. Superintendent, here I have a fine barmeter. If yu tell me the height f this building, I will give it t yu. ”
At this pint, I asked the student if he really did nt knw the cnventinal answer t this questin. He admitted that he did, but said that he was fed up with high schl instructrs’ trying t teach him hw t think, and t use the s-called “scientific methd”. He just wanted t slve the prblem in a practical manner, nt just answer the questin in an expected way. Hearing this, I really had nthing t d but give the by a firm handshake, feeling thankful that I hadn't failed him in the first place and even mre thankful, neither had he.
4. Why did the authr want t fail the student in the first place?
A. The student challenged his authrity.
B. The student's answer was nt practical.
C. The student didn't shw his academic ability.
D. The student had a pr perfrmance in physics class.
5. Which f the fllwing can best describe the authr's new teaching philsphy?
A. Withut lve, there is n educatin.
B. A man becmes learned by asking questins.
C. Teaching is t make tw ideas grw where nly ne grew befre.
D. Yu can lead yur hrse t the river, but yu can't make it drink.
6. What made the student abandn the cnventinal answer?
A. Lack f physics-related knwledge.
B. Ignrance f the teacher's expectatin.
C. Intentin t deeply impress his teacher.
D. Disapprval f existing teaching cncepts.
7. What can we infer frm the text?
A. The teacher appreciated the student's answers finally.
B. Schl educatin restricted this student's thinking.
C. The superintendent was a greedy persn.
D. The examinatin questin is a challenging physics prblem.
C
Peple generally feel secure with certainty. T be certain is t have pwer and cntrl. Certainty is ften used as a metric(衡量标准)f value, shaping hw peple view themselves and thers. Fr example, peple tend t respect thse wh present themselves ascertain while viewing thse wh express uncertainty as wishy-washy, and untrustwrthy. Yung peple grwing up in a culture that identifies strngly with certainty are tld that t be certain is t be secure, right, and gd. It is the idea, mre than uncertainty itself, that causes great anxiety.
But the reality is that certainty is transient; it is mre a feeling than a fact. T ften peple act as if certainties are drawn in permanent marker: Thick, clear, definitive, and rigid. But they are nt. They are actually drawn with pencil--ready fr revisin, editing, and change.
Spring tide’s recent reprt, The State f Religin and Yung Peple: Navigating Uncertainty, allws us t hear hw yung peple are questining certainty and increasingly rejecting the rules that islate them frm themselves and ne anther. Milly, a 25-year-ld quted in the reprt, described her experience in a grup discussin where uncertainty was welcmed rather than criticized:
“Like, struggling t knw what r what nt t believe…That's smething we talked abut in the grup. It actually makes me feel a little bit better. It's like, h, like
we can have dubts. We can struggle with these feelings and they're still, we're still accepted, yu knw?S that was actually kind f refreshing” (Spring tide, 2021, p. 46).
Yung peple are nt rejecting certainty, but they are nt accepting prepackaged answers r ne-dimensinal slutins. They are reexamining pre-drawn labels, beliefs, and identities and daring t ask “Why?” Their curage t questin is an invitatin t all f us t recnsider and rediscver uncertainty. We can listen t and learn frm yung peple, embracing ( 拥 抱 ) this pprtunity as a mment f critical self-reflectin and grwth. If we will accept uncertainties, we might discver the ways that multiple beliefs, practices, values, identities, and cmmunities can cexist and develp tgether.
8. What is the purpse f paragraph 1?
A. T explain a cncept.
B. T advcate a culture.
C. T intrduce a different pinin.
D. T cnfirm an assumptin.
9. What des the underlined wrd"transient"prbably mean in paragraph 2?
A. Changeable. B. Predictable. C. Untrustwrthy. D. Objective
10. What was Milly's attitude twards the grup discussin?
A. Intlerant. B. Dubtful.C. Indifferent. D. Psitive.
11. Which f the fllwing can be the best title f the passage?
A. Unmask the Culture f Certainty
B. Embrace the Gift f Uncertainty
C. Certainty: Shuld It Be Rejected by the Yung?
D. Uncertainty: Shuld It Be Blamed fr Anxiety?
D
Imagine an iPad that's mre than just an iPad —with a surface that can change shapes, ptentially allwing yu t draw 3D designs and even hld yur partner's hand frm an cean away. That's the visin f a team f engineers frm the University f Clrad Bulder. In a new study, they've created a ne-f-a-kind shape-shifting display that fits n a card table. The device is made frm a 10-by-10 grid(网格)f sft rbtic“muscles”that can sense utside pressure and pp up t create patterns. It may als deliver smething even rarer: the sense f tuch in a digital age.
The grup's innvatin builds ff a class f sft rbts pineered by a team led by Christph Keplinger, frmerly an assistant prfessr f mechanical engineering at CU Bulder. The riginal mdel isn't ready fr the market yet, but the researchers envisin that, ne day, similar technlgies culd lead t sensry glves fr virtual gaming r a smart cnveyr belt that can srt different items like selecting apples frm bananas.
The prject has its rigins in the search fr a different kind f technlgy; artificial rgans. In 2017, researchers led by Mark Rentschler, prfessr f mechanical engineering and bimedical engineering, were develping what they called sTISSUE —sft rgans that behave and feel like real human bdy parts but are made entirely ut f silicne-like materials. “Yu culd use these artificial rgans t help develp medical devices r surgieal rbtic tls fr much less cst than using real animal tissue, ”said Rentschler, a c-authr f the new study.
In develping that technlgy, hwever, the team landed n the idea f a tabletp display. If yu pass an electric current thrugh the actuatrs (执行器), the surface will change shape and jump up. The actuatrs als include sft, magnetic sensrs that can detect the pressure when yu push them, which allws fr sme fun activities.
Other research teams have develped similar smart tablets, but the CU Bulder display is sfter, takes up a lt less rm and is much shifter: each f its rbtic muscles can activate as much as 50 times per secnd. The grup is als wrking t design a glve that allws yu t “feel”bjects in virtual reality.
12. What is a big feature f the new display?
A. The flexibility f its shape.
B. Its quick respnse t instructins.
C. Its gd sense f the envirnment
D. The great strength f its rbtic muscles
13. What is a pssible applicatin f similar technlgies?
A. The system t pick high-quality fruits.
B. Rbtic peratin in medical surgeries
C. Tuch sensry functin in virtual reality.
D. Real-time mnitring f envirnmental cnditins.
14. Why is the develpment f artificial rgans mentined?
A. T intrduce sTISSUE t the public.
B. T stress the advantage f sft materials.
C. T highlight their impact n medical research.
D. T explain the inspiratin far the new display.
15. What des the underlined wrd “shifter”in the last paragraph prbably mean?
A. Clearer. B. Faster. C. Smther. D. Lighter.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Mst pet wners are clear abut the immediate jys that cme with sharing their lives with cmpanin animals. Hwever, many f us remain unaware f the physical and mental health benefits that a furry friend can bring us. 16
Increasing exercise. Taking a dg fr a walk, hike r run is a fun and rewarding way t fit healthy daily exercise int yur schedule. Studies have shwn that dg wners are far mre likely t meet their daily exercise requirements, and exercising every day is great fr the animal as well. 17
Prviding cmpaninship. Cmpaninship can help prevent illness and even add years t yur life, while islatin and lneliness can trigger symptms f depressin.
18 Mst dg and cat wners talk t their pets, and sme even use them t wark thrugh their trubles. And nthing beats lneliness like cming hme t a wagging tail r purring cat
19 The cmpaninship f an animal can ffer cmfrt and build self-cnfidence fr peple anxius abut ging ut int the wrld. Because pets tend t live in the mment—they dn't wrry abut what happened yesterday r what might happen tmrrw—they can help yu becme mre mindful and appreciate the jy f the present.
Adding structure and rutine t yur day. 20 Having a cnsistent rutine keeps an animal balanced and calm, and it can wrk far yu, t. N matter yur md depressed, anxius, r stressed, ne pitiful lk ffm yur pet and yu'll have t get ut f bed t feed and care fr them
A. Reducing anxiety.
B. Finding meaning in life.
C. Pets prvide valuable cmpaninship fr lder adults.
D. Caring fr an animal makes yu feel needed and wanted, especially if yu live alne.
E. In fact, caring fr a pet helps us make many healthy lifestyle changes
F. It will deepen yur bnd and keep yur pet fit and healthy.
G. Many pets, especially dgs, require a regular feeding and exercise schedule
二、完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
At a cafe in scenic Augsburg, Paul Blachut, a waiter is busy at wrk. It's a warm Sunday afternn and many peple have cme here fr 21 beside the Lechriver.
The meltwater frm the Alps means the water in the river is very 22 at this time f year, and it 23 quickly. Alng the S-shaped shre, peple are picnicking and children are playing. Amng thse are a mther and her tw daughters They're standing n the 24 f the riverbank, playing with an inflatable(充气的)tube. Suddenly, the girls 25 balance and fall int the river. Wrse still the girls 26 hld n t the tube, which their mther is sitting in 27 her int the river, t. Nw all three are caught in the river's current
Blachut 28 frm his wrk when he hears smene shuting, "Three peple are drwning in the Lech!” Blachut 29 the three wmen a shrt distance away, waving their arms and trying t grab anything they can. Having taken lifesaving training curses, he huries t the riverbank and jumps int the river. Despite the cld, what he cares abut is 30 but saving lives.
As Blachut 31 them, he can tell the mther is in the mst truble Blachut immediately dives under the drwning wman, lifts her upward and pushes her tward the shre. 32 , an nlker is clse enugh t 33 the wman's hand, pulling her t shre. Withut 34 Blachut jumps int the current again, saving the daughters in the same way he did their mther.
The mther expresses her 35 appreciatin fr Blachut, and he is happy t see they are safe and sund.
21. A. leisureB. businessC. studyD. research
22. A. warmB. pureC. cldD. shallw
23. A. cversB. driesC. windsD. flws
24. A. edgeB. tpC. bttmD. entrance
25. A. keepB. breakC. findD. lse
26. A. energeticallyB. desperatelyC. prperlyD. unwillingly
27. A. directingB. expsingC. pullingD. fllwing
28. A. lks upB. turns upC. passes utD. brings ut
29. A. urgesB. sptsC. assumesD. ignres
30. A. smethingB. everythingC. anythingD. nthing
31. A. departsB. apprachesC. figuresD. awakens
32. A. HweverB. TherefreC. MeanwhileD. Otherwise
33. A. graspB. fferC. lseD. tie
34. A. dubtB. permissinC. exceptinD. delay
35. A. breathtakingB. heartfeltC. heart-warmingD. gd-natured
第二部分 满分65分
三、单词拼写(共20小题，每小题0. 5分，共10分)
请用ST模块七+课标词汇默写本(P1-15)所学的单词填空。
36-45题：请根据括号内的同根词填入单词的正确形式。
36. All the evidence prved his (inncent), s he was an hnest and straight man.
37. The explsin (cmplete) destryed the building.
38. We are rganizing an art shw fr ur schl students t (exhibitin)their wrks f art.
39. Sme peple thught his disease was s severe that it was (cure).
40. Nwadays peple ften express their apprval f the present ecnmic situatin and their (critical)has caused wide attentin.
41. Our bss is (sympathy)t peple at a disadvantage s he ften des charity wrk.
42. T my (satisfy), I gt a gd result f the exam, which made my mther quite happy.
43. Yesterday the emplyer tried hard t persuade his emplyees t deal with the (urge)matters by Friday.
44. It's a great way fr me t relieve stress and pressure, and dance my way twards feeling (energy)and happy again.
45. He said it fficially that he wuld put humans n Mars in less than a decade, but his (declare)prved unrealistic.
46-55题：根据括号内的中文释义填入单词的正确形式。
46. There is n dubt that China has achieved a great ( 突 破 )in develping rural educatin.
47. If yu need t handle a (微妙的)situatin, yu shuld behave wisely.
48. (消除)her fears, she climbed higher.
49. Five years ag, he was finally given an (机会)t recrd his sng at the studi.
50. It's estimated that the number f turists t the resrt (下降)by 10%last year due t the epidemic.
51. Cnservatinists in Chile are cncerned abut the effect f (商业 化的)explitatin f frests.
52. Haiku has a frmat f three lines, cntaining 5, 7 and 5 syllables (分别地).
53. (授予)a medal by the gvernment fr his brave deed, the by felt very prud.
54. The stry describes the extrardinary (相遇)between a man and a dlphin.
55. There is a general belief that hnesty and (正直)are the qualities that a leader shuld be made f.
四、短语填空(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
请用ST模块七短语原题+新概念3L28+模块七拓展阅读所学的短语填空。
56. Nw, we (完全专注于)preparing fr the cllege entrance examinatin.
57. Jazz music (对……有巨大的影响)his early life because it was the nly thing he listened t while grwing up
58. These dedicated medical wrkers ( 值 得 ) everyne's respect and admiratin.
59. In sme languages, half f all wrds used in daily cnversatins (由……组成)n mre than 100 wrds.
60. In fictin writing, authrs bring characters t life and create imaginative settings thrugh (描述性的和生动的语言)
61. After running up the stairs, she stpped and (吸一 口气)befre cntinuing her jurney
62. Grandpa lves Ella s much that he always (将她 揽入怀中), telling funny jkes t make her laugh.
63. (不想做……)buying anything, he swiftly passed the stres, which were full f varius gds.
64. The man (竭力做……)t prve that the diamnd was real.
65. ic is indeed a universal language (独特的结合)has made me realize that
五、单句语法填空(共10小题，每小题0. 5分，共5分)
66. Travel prtal Trip. cm Grup said that as f Aug 17 searches fr grup turs t Japan exceeded fr Thailand and Singapre--a traditinal tp chices fr Chinese travelers.
67. In recent years, Guangzhu has actively participated in the Belt and Rad internatinal cperatin, gradually___________(establish)a cmprehensive, multi-level, and wide-ranging pattern f pening-up.
68. As well as lking at exhibits, visitrs can play with cmputer simulatins and imagine (they)living at a different time in histry r walking thrugh a rainfrest.
69. The three mst histric sites in Pingya, ften (refer)t as the city's “Three Histric Treasures”, are the ancient brick-made city wall, Zhengu Temple and Shuanglin Temple.
70. Gathering a few clse friends t take a (delight)strll thrugh the city streets has becme a favred activity amng yung peple in China in the past few years.
71. The nises made by plants are similar t human cry r scream.
72. “It's called a lngevity tree in Qiandngnan, implicatin f hpe matches China's bsting space industry. ”she said.
73. It is a (whle)unique plateau wetland ecsystem and serves as an imprtant eclgical defense fr the cuntry.
74. In additin, a typical Chinese wedding nwadays ges like this: when a new cuple is engaged, fllws is a chice f the date f their marriage.
75. Lead researcher Prfessr Hadany said, “Each plant and each type f stress (link)t a special sund. "
六 、语篇填空(共10小题，每小题1. 5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The first Tangshan Intangible Cultural Heritage Music Camival(非遗音乐嘉年 华 ) , 76 (feature)three main prgrams: the intangible cultural heritage music carnival, heritage market, and heritage small stage, was held at Nanhu scenic area in Tangshan, Hebei prvince
The carnival kicked ff n Nvember 24 77 a star-studded perfrmance prvided by many well-knwn singers and bands. It perfectly cmbined traditinal instruments like pipa and guzheng with cntemprary trends, creating 78 unique experience fr the audience, wh remained enthusiastic and79 (engage)despite the cld weather.
Meanwhile, at thc heritage market, visitrs had the pprtunity 80 (sample) mre than 50 intangible cultural heritage prjects such as Chengdu sugar painting and Weifang kite making. And at the heritage small stage, the audience 81 (treat) t a series f amazing traditinal perfrmances including crsstalk, face changing f Sichuan pera and wrestling.
S far, this three-day event 82 (generate) nline buzz with related tpics trending amng netizens. Many cmmented that they were inspired by the 83 (cmbine)f traditinal culture and mdern music and lved 84 it captured the essence f bth frms f art. It nt nly prvided a platfrm fr shwcasing intangible cultural heritage which makes its way int mdern life, 85 intrduced these age-ld cultural frms t the yunger generatin.
七、读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was invited t a ckut n an ld friend's farm in western Washingtn. I parked my car utside the tarn and walked past a milking huse which had apparently nt been used in many years. A nise at a windw caught my attentin, s I entered it. It was a hummingbird (蜂鸟), desperately trying t escape. She was cvered in spider-webs(蛛网)and was barely able t mve her wings. She ceased herb struggle the instant I picked her up.
With the bird in my cupped hand, I lked arund t see hw she had gtten in. The brken windw glass was the likely answer. I stuffed a piece f clth int the hle and tk her utside, clsing the dr securely behind me.
When I pened my hand, the bird did nt fly away; she sat lking at me with her bright eyes. I remved the sticky spider-webs that cvered her head and wings. Still, she made n attempt t fly. Perhaps she had been struggling against the windw t lng and was t tired? Or t thirsty?
As I carried her up the blackberry-lined path tward my car where I kept a water bttle, she began t mve. I stpped, and she sn tk wing but did nt immediately fly away. Hvering(悬停) , she apprached within six inches f my face. Fr a very lng mment, this tiny creature lked int my eyes, turning her head frm side t side. Then she flew quickly ut f sight.
During the ckut, I tld my hsts abut the hummingbird incident. They prmised t fix the windw. As I was departing, my friends walked me t my car. I was standing by the car when a hummingbird flew t the center f ur grup and began hvering. She turned frm persn t persn until she came t me. She again lked directly int my eyes, then let ut a squeaking call and was gne. Fr a mment, all were speechless. Then smene said, “She must have came t say gdbye. ”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150 个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A few weeks later, I went t the farm again
I was just abut t leave when the hummingbird appeared
2024届高三开学练习英语答案
一、 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
1-3 BCB 4-7 CCDA 8-11 CADB 12-15 ACDB
第二节(共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
16-20 EFDAG
二、 完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
21-25 ACDAD 26-30 BCABD 31-35 BCADB
三、 单词拼写(共20小题，每小题0. 5分，共10分)
36. inncence 37. cmpletely 38. exhibit 39. incurable40. criticism
41. sympathetic 42. satisfactin 43. urgent 44. energetic45. declaratin
46. breakthrugh 47. delicate48. Having dismissed/Dismissing49. pprtunity
50. declined51. cmmercial 52. respectively 53. Awarded54. encunter
55. integrity
四、 短语填空(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
56. are cmpletely absrbed in 57. had a great influence/impact n
58. are wrthy f/are wrth 59. cnsist f/are made up f
60. descriptive and vivid language 61. drew a breath
62. takes her int his arms63. Having n intentin f
64. went t great lengths 65. unique cmbinatin
五、 单句语法填空(共10小题，每小题0. 5分，共5分)
66. thse 67. establishing 68. themselves 69. referred70. delightful
71. a 72. whse 73. whlly 74. what75, is linked
六、 语篇填空(共10小题，每小题1. 5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
76. featuring 77. with 78. a 79. engage80. t sample81. were treated 82. has generated 83. cmbinatin
84. hw 85. but
七、 读后续写(满分25分)
A pssible versin:
A few weeks later, I went t the farm again. As my car neared it my thughts drifted back t the mment when I rescued the hummingbird frm the spider's web. I rushed back t the deserted huse. It was a great cmfrt that the riginal hle in the windw was nwhere t be fund. Leaving the huse, I culdn't help wndering hw it was getting n nw. Had it managed t find its way back hme, r was it still ut there smewhere struggling t survive? I was just abut t leave when the hummingbird appeared. A flash f mvement caught my attentin. I turned arund t see the same hummingbird hvering in the air It seemed that the bird was waiting fr me, its beady eyes lcked n mine as if trying t cnvey sme deep, unspken gratitude. I felt a surge f relief and awe at the sight f this sund and grateful creature, and I knew that I wuld always cherish the memries we shared as I climbed int my car and drve away.