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2024届北京市海淀区高三下学期一模英语试题（原卷版+解析版）
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这是一份2024届北京市海淀区高三下学期一模英语试题（原卷版+解析版），文件包含2024届北京市海淀区高三下学期一模英语试题原卷版docx、2024届北京市海淀区高三下学期一模英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共33页， 欢迎下载使用。
第一节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It was 4:30 pm. As I was packing up, I nticed my clleague had left his laptp bag in the ffice. S I decided t bring it t him. It tk me abut 15 minutes t get t his huse, where I ___1___ the bag and gt right back n the rad.
Suddenly a snwstrm came and within minutes I was in a whiteut. I stpped because I was afraid f driving int a farmer’s field, r wrse. I kept the car ___2___ t stay warm and called 911.They tld me t sit tight and wait things ut fr the night.
Thse secnds after the call were ___3___. Breathe, I tld myself. Panicking wn’t help.
I texted my clleague, jking abut my gd deed ending in ___4___. He suggested I share a satellite view f my ___5___ n my scial media. And I did s, praying that anyne wh knew the residents f the nearby farms culd get me rescued.
Waiting in the car, I dubted whether ___6___ wuld be able t cme. Sn enugh, thugh, I gt a message frm smene wh was ging t put me in tuch with them.
At 8 pm, I saw a tall figure in a yellw raincat striding tward me in the dark, carrying a flashlight. I’d never been mre ___7___ t see smene in my life. It was André Buvier, wh’d walked abut 550 yards t cme get me, fighting the wind and snw each step f the way.
He turned arund and started t trudge thrugh the snw, sure f the directin. I drve behind him, feeling my heart begin t beat mre ___8___. When we reached his huse, I burst int tears, all my fears turning int relief and ___9___.
The experience has been a game changer fr me. I nw ___10___ challenges with a sense f calm I’d nt knwn befre. But best f all, it brught André int my life.
1.
A. drpped ffB. filled upC. set asideD. put away
2.
A. lckedB. parkedC. signalingD. running
3.
A. painfulB. criticalC. disappintingD. impressive
4.
A. failureB. smkeC. disasterD. mystery
5.
A. ruteB. lcatinC. directinD. destinatin
6.
A. newsB. helpC. hpeD. faith
7.
A. satisfiedB. surprisedC. relievedD. wrried
8.
A. slwlyB. excitedlyC. nervuslyD. strngly
9.
A. recgnitinB. admiratinC. satisfactinD. appreciatin
10.
A. identifyB. presentC. apprachD. anticipate
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. D 10. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。这篇文章主要讲述了作者的一次经历。作者为同事送电脑包在返回的路上，遭遇了暴风雪而失去方向，分享被困位置停车等待救援时，一位叫安德烈的人帮助自己摆脱困境，这次经历让作者改变了应对挑战的态度，也从此与安德烈相识。
【1题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我花了大约15分钟到达他的家，在那里我放下包，然后马上回到路上。A. drp ff 放下；B. fill up填满；C. set aside 留出；D. put away 收好。根据上文的“S I decided t bring it t him.”和本句中的“gt right back n the rad”可知，作者到同事家放下包就回来了。故选A。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我让汽车发动着以保持温暖，并拨打了911。A. lcked 锁上；B. parked停车；C. signaling发信号；D. running 奔跑，运行。根据上文的“Suddenly a snwstrm came and within minutes I was in a whiteut.”可知，外面很冷，“我”需要让汽车保持运行状态来取暖。故选D。
【3题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通话后的那几秒钟是痛苦的。A. painful 痛苦的；B. critical 关键的；C. disappinting 令人沮丧的；D. impressive令人钦佩的。根据下文的“Breathe, I tld myself. Panicking wn’t help.”可知，“我”在当时那种情况下感到害怕，安慰自己放松下来，因此等待的过程让人感动痛苦。故选A。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我给同事发了短信，开玩笑说我的好事以灾难告终。A. failure 失败；B. smke 烟雾；C. disaster灾难；D. mystery 神秘。根据上文的“Suddenly a snwstrm came and within minutes I was in a whiteut. I stpped because I was afraid f driving int a farmer’s field, r wrse.”可知，“我”把做好事却遭遇暴风雪这件事调侃成灾难。故选 C。
【5题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他建议我在社交媒体上分享我的位置的卫星视图。A. rute 路线；B. lcatin 地点；C. directin 方向；D. destinatin 目的地。根据下文的“And I did s, praying that anyne wh knew the residents f the nearby farms culd get me rescued.”可知，“我”在社交媒体上分享自己的位置，希望有人来救“我”。故选B。
【6题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在车里等待时，我怀疑是否有人能够来帮我。作者不确定是否有人能来帮助自己。A. news 新闻；B. help 帮助；C. hpe希望；D. faith信念。根据下文的“Sn enugh, thugh, I gt a message frm smene wh was ging t put me in tuch with them.”可知，我不确定的“帮助”真的来到了。故选B。
【7题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我的一生中，我从未如此高兴看到有人。A. satisfied 满意的；B. surprised 惊讶的；C. relieved 宽慰的；D. wrried 担心的。“我”看到有人来救助自己，因此会感到很宽慰。故选C。
【8题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我开车跟在他后面，感觉我的心开始更有力地跳动。A. slwly 缓慢地；B. excitedly 兴奋地；C. nervusly 紧张地；D. strngly 强烈地。根据上文的“He turned arund and started t trudge thrugh the snw, sure f the directin.”可知，“我”在跟随安德烈走出困境，因此在这种情况下心情很紧张，心脏强烈地跳动。故选D。
【9题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们到达他的家时，我突然哭了起来，我所有的恐惧都变成了宽慰和感激。A. recgnitin 认可；B. admiratin 赞赏；C. satisfactin 满足；D. appreciatin 感激。根据上文的“He turned arund and started t trudge thrugh the snw, sure f the directin.”可知，安德烈帮助“我”走出困境，因此“我”会感到感激。故选 D。
【10题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我现在面对挑战时带着一种我以前不知道的平静感。A. identify 辨认；B. present 展示；C. apprach靠近，处理，应对；D. anticipate 预料。根据上文的“He turned arund and started t trudge thrugh the snw, sure f the directin.”和“When we reached his huse”可知，“我”被成功解救，因此“我”坚信在面对挑战和困难时不会再慌张，会以一种以前没有的平静感去面对它们。故选C。
第二节 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A parent’s nightmare turned t relief in Flrida as plicemen swiftly rescued a missing five-year-ld girl with autism. The lcal plice launched a desperate search, ___11___ (use) air and grund effrts. Thermal imaging (热成像)___12___ (lead) t the discvery f her in a swampy area. A bdy-wrn camera captured the heric mment f her rescue. ___13___ plicemen’s quick respnse, she was fund unharmed. The public praised the team’s efficiency in turning ___14___ culd have been a tragedy int a heartwarming reunin.
【答案】11. using
12. led 13. with
14. what
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了在佛罗里达州，警方成功利用热成像技术找到一名失踪的五岁自闭症女孩，避免了悲剧发生，使她与家人重新团聚。
【11题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：当地警方动用空中和地面力量展开了绝望的搜索。分析句子结构可知，use在句子中不作为谓语动词使用，它和“the lcal plice”之间为主动关系，因此使用现在分词作状语，故填using。
【12题详解】
考查时态。句意：热成像发现她是在一个沼泽地区。根据上下文可知，句子描述的事情发生在过去，动词使用一般过去时，故填led。
【13题详解】
考查介词。句意：由于警察的迅速反应，她才安然无恙。此处应该填入介词，表示“由于，因为”且只能填入一个词，故填with。
【14题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：公众赞扬了该团队的效率，将原本可能发生的悲剧变成了一场暖心的团聚。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“……的事物”，因此使用what引导宾语从句，故填what。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Li-in batteries stre a lt f energy in a small amunt f space. When that energy is released in an uncntrlled manner, it generates heat, ___15___ can transfrm certain internal battery cmpnents int burnable gases. Cnsumers shuld purchase batteries that are nly listed by a natinally ___16___ (recgnize) testing labratry and stp using the device if the battery shws signs f damage, such as an unusual smell, excessive heat, ppping sunds r change in clr. Amng all the places t charge these devices, ___17___ (safe) ne is utdrs away frm any structure and nt in direct sunlight.
【答案】15. which
16. recgnized
17. the safest
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲锂电池能量储存多，不当释放有危害，使用充电需注意安全。
【15题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：当能量以不受控制的方式释放时，它会产生热量，从而将某些内部电池组件转化为可燃气体。引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的句子，从句缺少主语，故用which。故填which。
【16题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：消费者应购买仅由国家认可的测试实验室列出的电池，如果电池出现损坏迹象，例如异常气味、过度发热、爆裂声或颜色变化，则应停止使用该设备。此处修饰testing labratry，表示“被认可的”应用过去分词作定语。故填recgnized。
【17题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：在所有为这些设备充电的地方中，最安全的一个是在户外远离任何建筑物且不在直射阳光下。此处表示“最安全的”应用最高级the safest。故填the safest。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Fr brands t succeed, they must grasp and adapt t evlving cnsumer taste. Over the past decade, China ___18___(witness) a shift in cnsumer behavir marked by the rise f gucha, a trend emphasizing natinalistic branding. Chinese cnsumers displayed a strng ___19___(prefer) fr lcally-made prducts. Therefre, it’s crucial fr brands t genuinely cmprehend and hnr lcal custms, traditins, and values. While integrating Chinese elements int marketing strategies can be effective, it shuld be handled thughtfully ___20___(avid) cultural insensitivity.
【答案】18. has witnessed
19. preference
20. t avid
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在过去的十年里，中国见证了消费者行为的转变，一种强调民族主义品牌的趋势，即“国潮”开始兴起。
【18题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的十年里，中国见证了消费者行为的转变，其标志是“国潮”的兴起，这是一种强调民族主义品牌的趋势。根据句中的“Over the past decade”可知，动词使用现在完成时，主语China为单数意义，助动词应用has，故填has witnessed。
【19题详解】
考查名词。句意：中国消费者对国产产品表现出强烈的偏好。此处使用名词作宾语，需要的词义为“偏好”，即preference，前有a，应用单数，故填preference。
【20题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：虽然将中国元素融入营销策略是有效的，但也要慎重处理，避免文化不敏感。分析句子结构可知，avid在句子中不作为谓语动词使用，空格处及之后表示“目的”，因此使用动词不定式作目的状语，故填t avid。
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共14小题; 每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
With all the dietary infrmatin nline, it can be hard t knw what tips t fllw. Watch ut fr these wrds and expressins.
Fat Is Gd
It desn’t matter if yu are part f the fat is GOOD fr yu r BAD fr yu grup, the imprtant questin t ask is the surce f the fat. If it cmes frm a land-based animal, and is likely t be slid at rm temperature, then it is saturated (饱和的) fat whereas if it cmes frm fish r plants, and it is likely t be liquid at rm temperature, then it is unsaturated fat. All the evidence indicates that eating mre unsaturated fat than saturated fat lwers yur risk f dying early.
Natural Sugar Is Better
The vast majrity f sugar we cnsume is sucrse (蔗糖). It is the white pwdered stuff we ck with and is made up f glucse and fructse. Hw abut sugar frm hney? It is ften marketed as natural and better fr yu. Actually, it just has its wn distinct flavur, but is as sweet because f glucse and fructse.
High-pH Water
Sme peple think we need t eat alkali (碱) fd t maintain ur bld at a pH f 7.4. But everything we eat r drink passes thrugh the stmach, which, at a pH f 1.5, is the mst acidic part f the bdy. It is then neutralised t a pH f 7. S, nthing we eat will change the pH f ur bld.
Dn’t Eat Anything That Yu Can’t Prnunce
Whether fds are natural r highly prcessed, they are all full f chemicals. Are yu suppsed t fear “phenylthicarbamide”, because yu can’t prnunce it? This is simply the chemical respnsible fr the bitter taste fund in brassicas, the plants in the cabbage and mustard family.
Dn’t Eat Fd With Mre Than Five Ingredients(佐料)
Simple fds are nt necessarily healthier fr yu. If I, fr instance, use Chinese five spice pwder in a recipe, that wuld cunt as ne f the five ingredients. Hwever, what if I added the typical cmpnents f five spice pwder separately int a dish? Des that mean my recipe suddenly becmes bad because it has mre than five ingredients?
21. Accrding t the passage, healthier fat ______.
A. can be fund in fish and plantsB. cmes frm land-based animals
C. remains slid at rm temperatureD. can lwer the death rate f elders
22. The passage suggests that ______.
A. diets can help adjust the pH f ur bldB. hney sugar can d mre gd than sucrse
C. fds with mre ingredients may be as healthyD. chemicals we can recgnize are safer t take in
23. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T cmpare tips n fd chices.B. T intrduce different health cncepts.
C. T recmmend fitness recipes t readers.D. T warn us f sme dietary misunderstandings.
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要是对一些常见的饮食相关的说法进行了分析和解释，以帮助人们更好地理解和选择饮食。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“If it cmes frm a land-based animal, and is likely t be slid at rm temperature, then it is saturated (饱和的) fat whereas if it cmes frm fish r plants, and it is likely t be liquid at rm temperature, then it is unsaturated fat. All the evidence indicates that eating mre unsaturated fat than saturated fat lwers yur risk f dying early.(如果它来自陆生动物，在室温下很可能是固体，那么它就是饱和脂肪；如果它来自鱼类或植物，在室温下很可能是液体，那么它就是不饱和脂肪。所有证据都表明，摄入更多的不饱和脂肪比摄入更多的饱和脂肪能降低早逝的风险)”可知，鱼类和植物中含有更健康的脂肪。故选A。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Simple fds are nt necessarily healthier fr yu. If I, fr instance, use Chinese five spice pwder in a recipe, that wuld cunt as ne f the five ingredients. Hwever, what if I added the typical cmpnents f five spice pwder separately int a dish? Des that mean my recipe suddenly becmes bad because it has mre than five ingredients?(简单的食物不一定对你更健康。例如，如果我在菜谱中使用了中国的五香粉，它就会被算作五种配料之一。然而，如果我把五种香料粉的典型成分分别加入到一道菜中呢？这是否意味着我的食谱突然变坏了，因为它含有超过五种原料？)”可推知，含有更多佐料的食物可能也一样健康，故选C。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章主要讲了一些关于饮食的常见误解，如脂肪的好坏、天然糖是否更好、高pH值水是否更好、以及佐料多的食物是否不好，目的是提醒人们注意这些饮食方面的误解，故选D。
B
At my first lessn in Chinese calligraphy, my teacher tld me plainly: “Nw I will teach yu hw t write yur name. And t make it beautiful.” I felt my breath catch. I was curius.
Grwing up in Singapre, I had an unusual relatinship with my Chinese name. My parents are ethnically Chinese, s they asked frtune tellers t decide my name, aiming fr maximum luck. As a result, I ended up with a nnsense and embarrassing name: Chen Yiwen, meaning, rughly, “ld”, “barley (薏米)” and “warm”.
When I arrived in America fr cllege at 18, I put n an American accent and abandned my Chinese name. When I mved t Hng Kng in 2021, after 14 years in the States, I decided t learn calligraphy. Why nt get back in tuch with my heritage? I thught.
In calligraphy, the idea is t cpy the ld masters’ techniques, thereby refining yur wn. Every week, thugh, my teacher wuld give uncmfrtably n-the-nse assessments f my persn. “Yu need t be braver,” he nce bserved. “Have cnfidence. Try t prduce a bld strke(笔画).” Fr years, I had prided myself n presenting an image f cnfidence, but my writing betrayed me.
I was trying t make sense f this practice. Yu must visualize the wrd as it is t be written and leave a trace f yurself in it. As a bdily practice, calligraphy culd g beynd its wn cultural restrictins. Culd it help me g beynd mine? My teacher nce said t me, “When yu lk at the wrd, yu see the bdy. Thugh a wrd n the page is tw-dimensinal, it cntains multitudes, cnveying the frce yu’ve applied, the energy f yur grip, the arch f yur spine.” I had been learning calligraphy t get in tuch with my cultural rts, but what I was really seeking was a return t myself. Nw I have sensed that the pleasure ut f calligraphy allws me t knw myself mre fully.
During a recent lessn, my teacher pinted at the wrd I had just finished, telling me: “This wrd is much better. I can see the chices yu made, yur calculatins, yur flw. Trust yurself. This wrd is yurs.” He might as well have said, “This wrd is yu.”
24. What did the authr initially think f her name “Chen Yiwen”?
A. It was lucky s she gladly accepted it.B. She felt prud f its symblic meaning.
C. She understd the intentin but still disliked it.D. Its strange prnunciatin made her embarrassed.
25 The authr decided t learn calligraphy t ______.
A pick up a new hbbyB. recnnect with her rigin
C. gain insights int a new cultureD. fit in with lcal cmmunity
26. Frm the teacher’s wrds, the authr learns that calligraphy ______.
A. reflects the creatr’s spiritsB. cmes frm creative energy
C. highlights the design f strkesD. depends n cntinuus practice
27. What des the authr intend t tell us?
A. Appreciate what ur culture ffers.B. Find beauty frm yur inner self.
C. A great teacher leads yu t truth.D. We are the sum f what we create.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. A 27. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。这篇文章主要讲述了作者学习中国书法的经历和感悟，包括初次接触书法时的情景，名字的由来，在美国放弃中文名，回到香港学习书法的原因，老师对自己的评价，以及通过书法对自身的思考和认识等。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“My parents are ethnically Chinese, s they asked frtune tellers t decide my name, aiming fr maximum luck. As a result, I ended up with a nnsense and embarrassing name: Chen Yiwen, meaning, rughly, “ld”, “barley (薏米)” and “warm”.( 我的父母是华裔，所以他们请算命先生给我取名字，希望能给我带来最大的好运。于是，我给自己取了一个毫无意义又尴尬的名字：陈薏温，意思大致是“陈旧”、“薏米”、“温暖”)”可知， 作者认为自己的名字“Chen Yi wen”是无意义且令人尴尬的，虽然父母是为了追求最大的运气才取这个名字，但她还是不喜欢。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“When I mved t Hng Kng in 2021, after 14 years in the States, I decided t learn calligraphy. Why nt get back in tuch with my heritage? I thught.(当我在美国生活了14年后，于2021年搬到香港时，我决定学习书法。为什么不跟我的传统联系一下呢？我想)”可知，作者决定学习书法是为了重新接触自己的文化根源。故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“During a recent lessn, my teacher pinted at the wrd I had just finished, telling me: “This wrd is much better. I can see the chices yu made, yur calculatins, yur flw. Trust yurself. This wrd is yurs.” He might as well have said, “This wrd is yu.”(在最近的一次课上，老师指着我刚完成的单词对我说：“这个单词好多了。我能看到你所做的选择，你的计算，你的心流。相信自己。这个词是你的。”他还不如说：“这个词就是你。”)”可知，从老师的话中，作者了解到书法反映了创作者的精神。故选A。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“I had been learning calligraphy t get in tuch with my cultural rts, but what I was really seeking was a return t myself. Nw I have sensed that the pleasure ut f calligraphy allws me t knw myself mre fully.(我一直在学习书法，以接触我的文化根源，但我真正寻求的是回归自我。现在我已经感觉到，书法的乐趣可以让我更充分地认识自己)”以及作者讲述自己学习书法的经历，通过老师的话及自己的理解，意识到书法可以帮助自己回归自我，更好地了解自己。作者意在告诉我们要从内心自我中发现美。故选B。
C
Researchers hpe brain implants will ne day help peple with aphasia(失语症) t get their vice back—and maybe even t sing. Nw, fr the first time, scientists have demnstrated that the brain’s electrical activity can be decded and used t recnstruct music.
A new study analyzed data frm 29 peple mnitred fr epileptic seizures(癫痫发作), using electrdes(电极) n the surface f their brain. As participants listened t a selected sng, electrdes captured brain activity related t musical elements, such as tne, rhythm, and lyrics. Emplying machine learning, Rbert Knight frm UC Berkeley and his clleagues recnstructed what the participants were hearing and published their study results. The paper is the first t suggest that scientists can “listen secretly t” the brain t synthesize(合成) music.
T turn brain activity data int musical sund, researchers trained an artificial intelligence (AI)mdel t decde data captured frm thusands f electrdes that were attached t the participants as they listened t the sng while underging surgery. Once the brain data were fed thrugh the mdel, the music returned. The mdel als revealed sme brain parts respnding t different musical features f the sng.
Althugh the findings fcused n music, the researchers expect their results t be mst useful fr translating brain waves int human speech. Ludvic Bellier, the study’s lead authr, explains that speech, regardless f language, has small meldic differences—temp, stress, accents, and intnatin—knwn as prsdy(韵律). These elements carry meaning that we can’t cmmunicate with wrds alne. He hpes the mdel will imprve brain-cmputer interfaces (BCI), assistive devices that recrd speech-assciated brain waves and use algrithms t recnstruct intended messages. This technlgy, still in its infancy, culd help peple wh have lst the ability t speak because f aphasia.
Future research shuld investigate whether these mdels can be expanded frm music that participants have heard t imagined internal speech. If a brain-cmputer interface culd recreate smene’s speech with the prsdy and emtinal weight fund in music, it culd ffer a richer cmmunicatin experience beynd mere wrds.
Several barriers remain befre we can put this technlgy in the hands—r brains— f patients. The current mdel relies n surgical implants. As recrding techniques imprve, the hpe is t gather data nn-invasively, pssibly using ultrasensitive electrdes. Hwever, under current technlgies, this apprach might result in a lwer speed f decding int natural speech. The researchers als hpe t imprve the playback clarity by packing the electrdes clser tgether n the brain’s surface, enabling an even mre detailed lk at the electrical symphny the brain prduces.
28. What can we learn frm the study?
A. Electrdes can analyze musical elements.
B. The decding f brain data helps recreate music.
C. Machine learning greatly enhances brain activity.
D. The AI mdel mnitrs music-respnsive brain regins.
29. What hpefully makes it pssible t expand the mdel t speech?
A. The prsdy f speech.B. The cllectin f brain waves.
C. The emtinal weight f music.D. The recnstructin f infrmatin.
30. Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Unlcking the Secrets f Meldic MindB. Brain Symphny: Synthesized Human Speech
C. BCI Brings Hpe t Peple with AphasiaD. Remarkable Jurney: Decding Brain with AI
【答案】28. B 29. A 30. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲科学家首次证明大脑电活动可解码并用于重构音乐，他们还期望该研究成果能助失语症患者恢复说话能力，未来需克服一些障碍才能将此技术应用于患者。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“T turn brain activity data int musical sund, researchers trained an artificial intelligence (AI) mdel t decde data captured frm thusands f electrdes that were attached t the participants as they listened t the sng while underging surgery.(为了将大脑活动数据转化为音乐声音，研究人员训练了一个人工智能模型来解码从数千个电极捕获的数据，这些电极是在参与者接受手术时听歌曲时连接到他们身上的)”可知，解码大脑数据有助于重新创造音乐。故选B。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“Althugh the findings fcused n music, the researchers expect their results t be mst useful fr translating brain waves int human speech. Ludvic Bellier, the study’s lead authr, explains that speech, regardless f language, has small meldic differences—temp, stress, accents, and intnatin—knwn as prsdy. These elements carry meaning that we can’t cmmunicate with wrds alne. He hpes the mdel will imprve brain-cmputer interfaces (BCI), assistive devices that recrd speech-assciated brain waves and use algrithms t recnstruct intended messages.(尽管研究结果主要集中在音乐上，但研究人员希望他们的结果在将脑电波转换为人类语言方面最有用。该研究的主要作者Ludvic Bellier解释说，无论语言是什么，语音都有小的旋律差异——节奏、重音、口音和语调——被称为韵律。这些元素所承载的意义是我们无法仅用语言交流的。他希望这个模型能够改善脑机接口，这是一种辅助设备，可以记录与语音相关的脑电波，并使用算法来重建预期的信息)”可知，是语音的韵律使得将模型扩展到语音成为可能。故选A。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段的“Researchers hpe brain implants will ne day help peple with aphasia t get their vice back—and maybe even t sing. Nw, fr the first time, scientists have demnstrated that the brain’s electrical activity can be decded and used t recnstruct music.(研究人员希望大脑植入物有一天能帮助失语症患者恢复声音，甚至可能唱歌。现在，科学家们第一次证明，大脑的电活动可以被解码并用于重建音乐)”可知，文章主要讲述了科学家通过解码大脑的电活动来合成音乐，并且希望这项技术可以用于转化人类语言，帮助失语症患者，因此B选项“大脑交响乐：合成人类语言”能够很好地概括文章主旨，适合作为标题。故选B。
D
“Assume yu are wrng.” The advice came frm Brian Nsek, a psychlgy prfessr, wh was ffering a strategy fr pursuing better science.
T understand the cntext fr Nsek’s advice, we need t take a step back t the nature f science itself. Yu see despite what many f us learned in elementary schl, there is n single scientific methd. Just as scientific theries becme elabrated and change, s d scientific methds.
But methdlgical refrm hasn’t cme withut sme fretting and frictin. Nasty things have been said by and abut methdlgical refrmers. Few peple like having the value f their life’s wrk called int questin. On the ther side few peple are gd at vicing criticisms in kind and cnstructive ways. S, part f the challenge is figuring ut hw t bake critical self-reflectin int the culture f science itself, s it unflds as a welcme and integrated part f the prcess, and nt an embarrassing sideshw.
What Nsek recmmended was a strategy fr changing the way we ffer and respnd t critique. Assuming yu are right might be a mtivating frce, sustaining the enrmus effrt that cnducting scientific wrk requires. But it als makes it easy t interpret criticisms as persnal attacks. Beginning, instead, frm the assumptin yu are wrng, a criticism is easier t interpret as a cnstructive suggestin fr hw t be less wrng—a gal that yur critic presumably shares.
One wrry abut this apprach is that it culd be demralizing fr scientists. Striving t be less wrng might be a less effective mtivatin than the prmise f being right. Anther cncern is that a strategy that wrks well within science culd backfire when it cmes t cmmunicating science with the public. Withut an appreciatin fr hw science wrks, it’s easy t take uncertainty r disagreements as marks against science, when in fact they reflect sme f the very features f science that make it ur best apprach t reaching reliable cnclusins abut the wrld. Science is reliable because it respnds t evidence: as the quantity and quality f ur evidence imprves, ur theries can and shuld change, t.
Despite these wrries, I like Nsek’s suggestin because it builds in cgnitive humility alng with a sense that we can d better. It als builds in a sense f cmmunity—we’re all in the same bat when it cmes t falling shrt f getting things right.
Unfrtunately, this still leaves us with an untested hypthesis(假说): that assuming ne is wrng can change cmmunity nrms fr the better, and ultimately supprt better science and even, perhaps, better decisins in life. I dn’t knw if that’s true. In fact, I shuld prbably assume that it’s wrng. But with the benefit f the scientific cmmunity and ur best methdlgical tls, I hpe we can get it less wrng, tgether.
31. What can we learn frm Paragraph 3?
A. Refrmers tend t devalue researchers’ wrk.
B. Scientists are unwilling t express kind criticisms.
C. Peple hld wrng assumptins abut the culture f science.
D. The scientific cmmunity shuld practice critical self-reflectin.
32. The strategy f “assuming yu are wrng” may cntribute t ______.
A. the enrmus effrts f scientists at wrkB. the reliability f ptential research results
C. the public’s passin fr scientific findingsD. the imprvement in the quality f evidence
33. The underlined wrd “demralizing” in Paragraph 5 means ______.
A. discuragingB. ineffectiveC. unfairD. misleading
34. The tne the authr uses in talking abut the untested hypthesis is ______.
A. dubtful but sincereB. disapprving but sft
C. authritative and directD. reflective and humrus
【答案】31. D 32. B 33. A 34. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。这篇文章主要讲心理学教授BrianNsek提出“假定自己是错的”这一建议用于追求更好的科学，文章围绕该建议展开，论述其背景、面临的挑战及担忧，作者虽对这一假说存疑，但喜欢该建议，希望借助科学社区和方法工具，共同减少错误。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“But methdlgical refrm hasn’t cme withut sme fretting and frictin. Nasty things have been said by and abut methdlgical refrmers. Few peple like having the value f their life’s wrk called int questin. On the ther side, few peple are gd at vicing criticisms in kind and cnstructive ways. S, part f the challenge is figuring ut hw t bake critical self-reflectin int the culture f science itself, s it unflds as a welcme and integrated part f the prcess, and nt an embarrassing sideshw.(但方法改革并非没有一些烦恼和摩擦。方法论改革家说了很多难听的话，也说了很多关于他们的坏话。很少有人喜欢自己毕生工作的价值受到质疑。另一方面，很少有人善于以善意和建设性的方式提出批评。所以，挑战的一部分是弄清楚如何将批判性的自我反思融入科学文化本身，这样它就会成为这个过程中受欢迎的、完整的一部分，而不是令人尴尬的杂耍)”可知，方法上的改革面临一些挑战，其中之一就是要弄清楚如何将批判性的自我反思融入科学文化本身，使其成为过程中受欢迎和整合的一部分，这说明科学社区应该实践批判性自我反思。故选D。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Beginning, instead, frm the assumptin yu are wrng, a criticism is easier t interpret as a cnstructive suggestin fr hw t be less wrng—a gal that yur critic presumably shares.(相反，从假设你是错的开始，批评更容易被解释为如何减少错误的建设性建议——你的批评者可能也有同样的目标)”及第五段的“Withut an appreciatin fr hw science wrks, it’s easy t take uncertainty r disagreements as marks against science, when in fact they reflect sme f the very features f science that make it ur best apprach t reaching reliable cnclusins abut the wrld. Science is reliable because it respnds t evidence: as the quantity and quality f ur evidence imprves, ur theries can and shuld change, t.(如果不了解科学是如何运作的，就很容易把不确定性或分歧当作反对科学的标志，而事实上，它们恰恰反映了科学的一些特征，正是这些特征使科学成为我们得出关于世界的可靠结论的最佳途径。科学是可靠的，因为它对证据作出反应：随着证据数量和质量的提高，我们的理论也可以而且应该改变) ”可知，“假定自己是错的”这种策略有助于科学家寻找更多的证据，提高了潜在研究结果的可靠性。故选B。
【33题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第五段的“One wrry abut this apprach is that it culd be demralizing fr scientists. Striving t be less wrng might be a less effective mtivatin than the prmise f being right. Anther cncern is that a strategy that wrks well within science culd backfire when it cmes t cmmunicating science with the public. Withut an appreciatin fr hw science wrks, it’s easy t take uncertainty r disagreements as marks against science.(对这种方法的一个担忧是，它可能会使科学家……。努力少犯错误的动机可能不如承诺正确的动机有效。另一个担忧是，在科学领域行之有效的策略在与公众交流科学时可能会适得其反。如果不了解科学是如何运作的，就很容易把不确定性或分歧当作反对科学的标志)”可知，在科学领域，追求完全正确往往是一个理想化的目标，因为实现这个目标可能是困难的，甚至是不可能的。相比之下，追求变得“不那么错误”可能更为现实和可行。这种方法鼓励科学家不断学习和改进，接受在研究过程中会犯错的可能性，从而更好地理解和解决问题。虽然这种方法可能会减轻一些压力，但也可能会在一定程度上降低科学家的动机和信心，因为他们可能会觉得自己永远无法达到完美的正确性。因此，“假定自己是错的”这种策略可能会让科学家感到士气低落。故选A。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Unfrtunately, this still leaves us with an untested hypthesis: that assuming ne is wrng can change cmmunity nrms fr the better, and ultimately supprt better science and even, perhaps, better decisins in life. I dn’t knw if that’s true. In fact, I shuld prbably assume that it’s wrng. But with the benefit f the scientific cmmunity and ur best methdlgical tls, I hpe we can get it less wrng, tgether.(不幸的是，这仍然给我们留下了一个未经检验的假设：假设一个人是错的可以改变社会规范，并最终支持更好的科学，甚至可能是更好的生活决策。我不知道这是不是真的。事实上，我应该假设这是错的。但是有了科学界和我们最好的方法论工具的帮助，我希望我们能一起减少错误)”可知，作者一方面承认自己不确定这个假说是否正确，另一方面又对其抱有希望，因此作者对未经检验的假说持怀疑但又真诚的态度。故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When yu get in a car, yu expect it will have functining brakes. When yu pick up medicine at the drugstre, yu expect it wn’t be plluted. But it wasn’t always like this. The safety f these prducts was terrible when they first came t market. It tk much research and regulatin t figure ut hw users can enjy the benefits f these prducts withut getting harmed. ___35___
Scial media risks are everywhere. The dangers that algrithms designed t maximize attentin represent t teens have becme impssible t ignre. Other prduct design elements, ften called “dark patterns,” designed t keep peple using fr lnger, als appear t tip yung users int scial media veruse. ___36___ They say it’s their users’ fault fr engaging with harmful cntent in the first place, even if thse users are children r the cntent is financial trickery. They als claim t be defending free speech.
___37___ Under the Digital Services Act, which came int effect in Eurpe this year, platfrms are required t take actin t stp the spread f illegal cntent and can be fined up t 6 percent f their glbal incmes if they dn’t d s. If this law is enfrced, maintaining the safety f their algrithms and netwrks will be the mst financially sund decisin fr platfrms t make.
Despite these effrts, tw things are clear. First, nline safety prblems are leading t real, ffline suffering. Secnd, scial media cmpanies can’t, r wn’t, slve these safety prblems n their wn. ___38___ Even safety issues like cyberbullying that we thught were slved can pp right back up. As ur sciety mves nline t an ever-greater degree, the idea that anyne, even teens, can just “stay ff scial media” becmes less and less realistic. ___39___
A. And thse prblems aren’t ging away.
B. The current issues aren’t really abut ffline suffering.
C. Platfrms already have systems t remve vilent r harmful cntent.
D. Similarly, scial media needs prduct safety standards t keep users safe.
E. It’s time we shuld require scial media t take safety seriusly, fr everyne’s sake.
F. Internet platfrms, hwever, have shifted blame n the cnsumers whenever criticized.
G. Sme authrities are taking steps t hld scial media platfrms accuntable fr the cntent.
【答案】35. D 36. F 37. G 38. A 39. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了社交媒体存在风险，平台常推卸责任，欧洲已实施相关法规，而线上安全问题引发线下痛苦，且社交媒体公司难以独自解决，人们也越来越难以远离社交媒体。
【35题详解】
根据上文的“When yu get in a car, yu expect it will have functining brakes. When yu pick up medicine at the drugstre, yu expect it wn’t be plluted. But it wasn’t always like this. The safety f these prducts was terrible when they first came t market. It tk much research and regulatin t figure ut hw users can enjy the benefits f these prducts withut getting harmed. (当你坐进一辆车的时候，你希望它的刹车能正常工作。当你在药店买药时，你希望它不会被污染。但事情并不总是这样的。这些产品刚上市时安全性很差。为了弄清楚用户如何在不受伤害的情况下享受这些产品的好处，需要进行大量的研究和监管)”可知，此段讲述的是其他产品都有安全标准，接着下文提到社交媒体的风险无处不在，说明社交媒体也需要产品安全标准来保护用户安全，D项(同样，社交媒体也需要产品安全标准来保证用户的安全)符合文意。故选D项。
【36题详解】
根据下文的“They say it’s their users’ fault fr engaging with harmful cntent in the first place, even if thse users are children r the cntent is financial trickery. They als claim t be defending free speech.(他们说，用户一开始接触有害内容是他们的错，即使这些用户是孩子，或者内容是金融骗局。他们还声称是在捍卫言论自由)可知，社交媒体将问题推卸给用户，F项(然而，每当受到批评时，互联网平台就把责任推给消费者)引出下文，符合文意。故选F项。
【37题详解】
根据下文的“Under the Digital Services Act, which came int effect in Eurpe this year, platfrms are required t take actin t stp the spread f illegal cntent and can be fined up t 6 percent f their glbal incmes if they dn’t d s. If this law is enfrced, maintaining the safety f their algrithms and netwrks will be the mst financially sund decisin fr platfrms t make.(根据今年在欧洲生效的《数字服务法案》(Digital Services Act)，平台必须采取行动阻止非法内容的传播，如果不这样做，将被处以最高相当于其全球收入6%的罚款。如果这项法律得到执行，维护其算法和网络的安全将是平台做出的最经济合理的决定)”可知，说明一些权威机构正在采取措施让社交媒体平台对其内容负责，G选项(一些当局正在采取措施，要求社交媒体平台对这些内容负责)符合文意。故选G项。
【38题详解】
根据上文的“Despite these effrts, tw things are clear. First, nline safety prblems are leading t real, ffline suffering. Secnd, scial media cmpanies can’t, r wn’t, slve these safety prblems n their wn. (尽管做出了这些努力，但有两件事是明确的。首先，网络安全问题正在导致现实的、线下的痛苦。其次，社交媒体公司不能或不愿独自解决这些安全问题)可知，此段首先提到两个明确的事情，结合下文“Even safety issues like cyberbullying that we thught were slved can pp right back up.(即使是我们认为已经解决的安全问题，比如网络欺凌，也会再次出现)”接着说明问题不会消失，A选项(这些问题不会消失)引出下文，符合文意。故选A项。
【39题详解】
根据上文的“Even safety issues like cyberbullying that we thught were slved can pp right back up. As ur sciety mves nline t an ever-greater degree, the idea that anyne, even teens, can just “stay ff scial media” becmes less and less realistic.(即使是我们认为已经解决的安全问题，比如网络欺凌，也会再次出现。随着我们的社会网络化程度越来越高，任何人，甚至青少年，都可以“远离社交媒体”的想法变得越来越不现实)”，最后一段提到随着社会越来越依赖网络，让任何人远离社交媒体变得不太现实，所以为了每个人的利益，是时候要求社交媒体认真对待安全问题了，E项(为了每个人，现在是时候要求社交媒体认真对待安全问题了)总结上文。故选E项。
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共 12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
As a kid, I dreamed f becming a marine bilgist and I lived ut this fantasy by setting up aquariums(鱼缸) at hme. Then, at 20, I was intrduced t phtgrapher David Liittschwager, wh hired me t help him with a magazine assignment n marine life.
David’s assignment was t dcument the amazing bidiversity fund in the cean. My rle was t cllect species fr him t phtgraph. Every night, I wuld cast a flating lamp. Like mths drawn t a flame, mysterius creatures wuld emerge frm the depths in search f this light. I’d then set up aquariums t huse them as they waited fr David t take their sht.
Thse evenings made me feel as if I were n anther planet I had never imagined such strange life-frms culd exist in ur ceans. But I didn’t grasp the true magic f what was in frnt f me until I saw the phtgraphs David tk.
The biggest surprise was his image f a baby flunder. I caught this fish by accident. Only later did I ntice its tw tiny eyeballs staring back at me. But David’s phtgraph f this flunder revealed a universe f detail that even my eager eyes had missed. His macr lens magnified its ribs. The lightning-fast expsure frze its mtin. A precisely aimed light released the rainbw hidden in its skin. And the black backgrund remved all distractins t fcus ur attentin n the quiet beauty at hand.
Years after that prject, I was snrkeling(潜水) n a shallw reef. Out f the darkness, anther baby flunder emerged and settled n my mask. This time I knew what t lk fr. Befre wrking fr David, I had assumed the gal f phtgraphy was simply t reprduce an bservatin s that thers culd share the same experience. It had never ccurred t me that phtgraphy culd expand ur visual perceptin and therefre teach us t see the wrld anew.
40. What was the authr’s respnsibility in David’s assignment?
___________________________________________________________________________________________
41. Why was David’s image f a baby flunder the biggest surprise t the authr?
___________________________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
▶Encuntering a baby flunder while snrkeling deepened the authr’s understanding that phtgraphy culd reprduce an bservatin.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
43. What can help yu see the wrld anew?(In abut 40 wrds)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】40. The authr’s respnsibility was t cllect species fr David t phtgraph.
41. Because it revealed a universe f detail that the authr had missed and shwed the magic f phtgraphy.
42 Encuntering a baby flunder while snrkeling deepened the authr’s understanding that phtgraphy culd reprduce an bservatin./Encuntering a baby flunder while snrkeling deepened the authr’s understanding that phtgraphy culd expand ur visual perceptin and teach us t see the wrld anew.
43. Seeing the wrld thrugh different perspectives, experiencing new cultures, learning abut diverse ideas and beliefs, engaging in meaningful cnversatins, traveling t new places, and being pen t change and grwth can all help yu see the wrld anew.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。这篇文章主要讲作者回忆自己年轻时协助摄影师David Liittschwager拍摄海洋生物的经历，通过David拍摄的鱼的照片，意识到摄影可以扩展视觉感知，让人重新看待世界，后来作者潜水时再次遇到小鱼，有了新的认知。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第二段的“My rle was t cllect species fr him t phtgraph.(我的职责是收集物种供他拍摄)”可知，作者的职责是为大卫收集物种供他拍摄。故答案为The authr’s respnsibility was t cllect species fr David t phtgraph.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第四段的“But David’s phtgraph f this flunder revealed a universe f detail that even my eager eyes had missed. His macr lens magnified its ribs. The lightning-fast expsure frze its mtin. A precisely aimed light released the rainbw hidden in its skin. And the black backgrund remved all distractins t fcus ur attentin n the quiet beauty at hand.(但大卫对这条比目鱼的照片揭示了一个宇宙的细节，甚至是我热切的眼睛都错过了。他的微距镜头放大了它的肋骨。闪电般的曝光冻结了它的运动。一束精确瞄准的光释放了隐藏在它皮肤里的彩虹。黑色的背景消除了所有的干扰，使我们的注意力集中在眼前的宁静之美)”可知，大卫拍摄的照片揭示了作者错过的许多细节，展现了摄影的魅力，这让作者感到惊喜。故答案为Because it revealed a universe f detail that the authr had missed and shwed the magic f phtgraphy.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。从最后一段的“Years after that prject, I was snrkeling n a shallw reef. Out f the darkness, anther baby flunder emerged and settled n my mask. This time I knew what t lk fr. Befre wrking fr David, I had assumed the gal f phtgraphy was simply t reprduce an bservatin s that thers culd share the same experience. It had never ccurred t me that phtgraphy culd expand ur visual perceptin and therefre teach us t see the wrld anew.(在那个项目几年后，我在一个浅滩上浮潜。黑暗中，另一条小比目鱼出现在我的面具上。这次我知道该找什么了。在为大卫工作之前，我一直认为摄影的目的仅仅是再现观察结果，这样其他人就可以分享同样的经历。我从来没有想过摄影可以扩展我们的视觉感知，从而教会我们重新看待世界)”可知，作者意识到摄影可以扩展我们的视觉感知，让我们重新看待世界，而不只是简单地再现一个观察结果。故答案为Encuntering a baby flunder while snrkeling deepened the authr’s understanding that phtgraphy culd reprduce an bservatin./Encuntering a baby flunder while snrkeling deepened the authr’s understanding that phtgraphy culd expand ur visual perceptin and teach us t see the wrld anew.
【43题详解】
开放题。要求考生谈谈“什么能帮助你重新看待世界？”考生言之有理即可，例如“通过不同的视角看待世界，体验新的文化，了解不同的想法和信仰，进行有意义的对话，去新的地方旅行，对变化和成长持开放态度，这些都可以帮助你重新看待世界”。故答案为Seeing the wrld thrugh different perspectives, experiencing new cultures, learning abut diverse ideas and beliefs, engaging in meaningful cnversatins, traveling t new places, and being pen t change and grwth can all help yu see the wrld anew.
第二节(20分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。六月十四日是世界献血者日(Wrld Bld Dnr Day)，你在京学习的英国好友Jim决定当天去献血，并询问你的意愿。请你用英文给他回复一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1.你的答复及理由；
2.提醒注意事项。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
9 April 2024
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
Thank yu fr cnsidering me fr such an imprtant cause. I truly appreciate yur invitatin t jin yu in dnating bld n Wrld Bld Dnr Day.
Hwever, due t persnal reasns, I wn’t be able t participate this time. Nnetheless, I fully supprt yur decisin t dnate bld, as it can save lives.
Please remember t eat a healthy meal befre dnating, stay hydrated, and get plenty f rest afterward. Als, make sure t fllw all instructins given by the medical staff during the dnatin prcess.
Wishing yu a successful and rewarding experience!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本书面表达是一篇应用文写作，在京学习的英国好友Jim决定在世界献血者日当天去献血，想要询问你的意愿，按要求考生用英文写一封电子邮件回复Jim。
【详解】1.词汇积累
重要的：imprtant→significant/crucial
因为：due t→wing t/because f
完全地：fully→cmpletely/ttally
拯救：save→rescue
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Please remember t eat a healthy meal befre dnating, stay hydrated, and get plenty f rest afterward.
拓展句：Befre yu prepare fr the dnatin, remember t eat a healthy meal, stay hydrated, and get plenty f rest afterward.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Nnetheless, I fully supprt yur decisin t dnate bld, as it can save lives. (运用了as引导的原因状语从句)
【高分句型2】Als, make sure t fllw all instructins given by the medical staff during the dnatin prcess. (运用了过去分词作后置定语)
第一节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It was 4:30 pm. As I was packing up, I nticed my clleague had left his laptp bag in the ffice. S I decided t bring it t him. It tk me abut 15 minutes t get t his huse, where I ___1___ the bag and gt right back n the rad.
Suddenly a snwstrm came and within minutes I was in a whiteut. I stpped because I was afraid f driving int a farmer’s field, r wrse. I kept the car ___2___ t stay warm and called 911.They tld me t sit tight and wait things ut fr the night.
Thse secnds after the call were ___3___. Breathe, I tld myself. Panicking wn’t help.
I texted my clleague, jking abut my gd deed ending in ___4___. He suggested I share a satellite view f my ___5___ n my scial media. And I did s, praying that anyne wh knew the residents f the nearby farms culd get me rescued.
Waiting in the car, I dubted whether ___6___ wuld be able t cme. Sn enugh, thugh, I gt a message frm smene wh was ging t put me in tuch with them.
At 8 pm, I saw a tall figure in a yellw raincat striding tward me in the dark, carrying a flashlight. I’d never been mre ___7___ t see smene in my life. It was André Buvier, wh’d walked abut 550 yards t cme get me, fighting the wind and snw each step f the way.
He turned arund and started t trudge thrugh the snw, sure f the directin. I drve behind him, feeling my heart begin t beat mre ___8___. When we reached his huse, I burst int tears, all my fears turning int relief and ___9___.
The experience has been a game changer fr me. I nw ___10___ challenges with a sense f calm I’d nt knwn befre. But best f all, it brught André int my life.
1.
A. drpped ffB. filled upC. set asideD. put away
2.
A. lckedB. parkedC. signalingD. running
3.
A. painfulB. criticalC. disappintingD. impressive
4.
A. failureB. smkeC. disasterD. mystery
5.
A. ruteB. lcatinC. directinD. destinatin
6.
A. newsB. helpC. hpeD. faith
7.
A. satisfiedB. surprisedC. relievedD. wrried
8.
A. slwlyB. excitedlyC. nervuslyD. strngly
9.
A. recgnitinB. admiratinC. satisfactinD. appreciatin
10.
A. identifyB. presentC. apprachD. anticipate
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. D 10. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。这篇文章主要讲述了作者的一次经历。作者为同事送电脑包在返回的路上，遭遇了暴风雪而失去方向，分享被困位置停车等待救援时，一位叫安德烈的人帮助自己摆脱困境，这次经历让作者改变了应对挑战的态度，也从此与安德烈相识。
【1题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我花了大约15分钟到达他的家，在那里我放下包，然后马上回到路上。A. drp ff 放下；B. fill up填满；C. set aside 留出；D. put away 收好。根据上文的“S I decided t bring it t him.”和本句中的“gt right back n the rad”可知，作者到同事家放下包就回来了。故选A。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我让汽车发动着以保持温暖，并拨打了911。A. lcked 锁上；B. parked停车；C. signaling发信号；D. running 奔跑，运行。根据上文的“Suddenly a snwstrm came and within minutes I was in a whiteut.”可知，外面很冷，“我”需要让汽车保持运行状态来取暖。故选D。
【3题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通话后的那几秒钟是痛苦的。A. painful 痛苦的；B. critical 关键的；C. disappinting 令人沮丧的；D. impressive令人钦佩的。根据下文的“Breathe, I tld myself. Panicking wn’t help.”可知，“我”在当时那种情况下感到害怕，安慰自己放松下来，因此等待的过程让人感动痛苦。故选A。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我给同事发了短信，开玩笑说我的好事以灾难告终。A. failure 失败；B. smke 烟雾；C. disaster灾难；D. mystery 神秘。根据上文的“Suddenly a snwstrm came and within minutes I was in a whiteut. I stpped because I was afraid f driving int a farmer’s field, r wrse.”可知，“我”把做好事却遭遇暴风雪这件事调侃成灾难。故选 C。
【5题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他建议我在社交媒体上分享我的位置的卫星视图。A. rute 路线；B. lcatin 地点；C. directin 方向；D. destinatin 目的地。根据下文的“And I did s, praying that anyne wh knew the residents f the nearby farms culd get me rescued.”可知，“我”在社交媒体上分享自己的位置，希望有人来救“我”。故选B。
【6题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在车里等待时，我怀疑是否有人能够来帮我。作者不确定是否有人能来帮助自己。A. news 新闻；B. help 帮助；C. hpe希望；D. faith信念。根据下文的“Sn enugh, thugh, I gt a message frm smene wh was ging t put me in tuch with them.”可知，我不确定的“帮助”真的来到了。故选B。
【7题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我的一生中，我从未如此高兴看到有人。A. satisfied 满意的；B. surprised 惊讶的；C. relieved 宽慰的；D. wrried 担心的。“我”看到有人来救助自己，因此会感到很宽慰。故选C。
【8题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我开车跟在他后面，感觉我的心开始更有力地跳动。A. slwly 缓慢地；B. excitedly 兴奋地；C. nervusly 紧张地；D. strngly 强烈地。根据上文的“He turned arund and started t trudge thrugh the snw, sure f the directin.”可知，“我”在跟随安德烈走出困境，因此在这种情况下心情很紧张，心脏强烈地跳动。故选D。
【9题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们到达他的家时，我突然哭了起来，我所有的恐惧都变成了宽慰和感激。A. recgnitin 认可；B. admiratin 赞赏；C. satisfactin 满足；D. appreciatin 感激。根据上文的“He turned arund and started t trudge thrugh the snw, sure f the directin.”可知，安德烈帮助“我”走出困境，因此“我”会感到感激。故选 D。
【10题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我现在面对挑战时带着一种我以前不知道的平静感。A. identify 辨认；B. present 展示；C. apprach靠近，处理，应对；D. anticipate 预料。根据上文的“He turned arund and started t trudge thrugh the snw, sure f the directin.”和“When we reached his huse”可知，“我”被成功解救，因此“我”坚信在面对挑战和困难时不会再慌张，会以一种以前没有的平静感去面对它们。故选C。
第二节 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A parent’s nightmare turned t relief in Flrida as plicemen swiftly rescued a missing five-year-ld girl with autism. The lcal plice launched a desperate search, ___11___ (use) air and grund effrts. Thermal imaging (热成像)___12___ (lead) t the discvery f her in a swampy area. A bdy-wrn camera captured the heric mment f her rescue. ___13___ plicemen’s quick respnse, she was fund unharmed. The public praised the team’s efficiency in turning ___14___ culd have been a tragedy int a heartwarming reunin.
【答案】11. using
12. led 13. with
14. what
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了在佛罗里达州，警方成功利用热成像技术找到一名失踪的五岁自闭症女孩，避免了悲剧发生，使她与家人重新团聚。
【11题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：当地警方动用空中和地面力量展开了绝望的搜索。分析句子结构可知，use在句子中不作为谓语动词使用，它和“the lcal plice”之间为主动关系，因此使用现在分词作状语，故填using。
【12题详解】
考查时态。句意：热成像发现她是在一个沼泽地区。根据上下文可知，句子描述的事情发生在过去，动词使用一般过去时，故填led。
【13题详解】
考查介词。句意：由于警察的迅速反应，她才安然无恙。此处应该填入介词，表示“由于，因为”且只能填入一个词，故填with。
【14题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：公众赞扬了该团队的效率，将原本可能发生的悲剧变成了一场暖心的团聚。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“……的事物”，因此使用what引导宾语从句，故填what。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Li-in batteries stre a lt f energy in a small amunt f space. When that energy is released in an uncntrlled manner, it generates heat, ___15___ can transfrm certain internal battery cmpnents int burnable gases. Cnsumers shuld purchase batteries that are nly listed by a natinally ___16___ (recgnize) testing labratry and stp using the device if the battery shws signs f damage, such as an unusual smell, excessive heat, ppping sunds r change in clr. Amng all the places t charge these devices, ___17___ (safe) ne is utdrs away frm any structure and nt in direct sunlight.
【答案】15. which
16. recgnized
17. the safest
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲锂电池能量储存多，不当释放有危害，使用充电需注意安全。
【15题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：当能量以不受控制的方式释放时，它会产生热量，从而将某些内部电池组件转化为可燃气体。引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的句子，从句缺少主语，故用which。故填which。
【16题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：消费者应购买仅由国家认可的测试实验室列出的电池，如果电池出现损坏迹象，例如异常气味、过度发热、爆裂声或颜色变化，则应停止使用该设备。此处修饰testing labratry，表示“被认可的”应用过去分词作定语。故填recgnized。
【17题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：在所有为这些设备充电的地方中，最安全的一个是在户外远离任何建筑物且不在直射阳光下。此处表示“最安全的”应用最高级the safest。故填the safest。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Fr brands t succeed, they must grasp and adapt t evlving cnsumer taste. Over the past decade, China ___18___(witness) a shift in cnsumer behavir marked by the rise f gucha, a trend emphasizing natinalistic branding. Chinese cnsumers displayed a strng ___19___(prefer) fr lcally-made prducts. Therefre, it’s crucial fr brands t genuinely cmprehend and hnr lcal custms, traditins, and values. While integrating Chinese elements int marketing strategies can be effective, it shuld be handled thughtfully ___20___(avid) cultural insensitivity.
【答案】18. has witnessed
19. preference
20. t avid
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在过去的十年里，中国见证了消费者行为的转变，一种强调民族主义品牌的趋势，即“国潮”开始兴起。
【18题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的十年里，中国见证了消费者行为的转变，其标志是“国潮”的兴起，这是一种强调民族主义品牌的趋势。根据句中的“Over the past decade”可知，动词使用现在完成时，主语China为单数意义，助动词应用has，故填has witnessed。
【19题详解】
考查名词。句意：中国消费者对国产产品表现出强烈的偏好。此处使用名词作宾语，需要的词义为“偏好”，即preference，前有a，应用单数，故填preference。
【20题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：虽然将中国元素融入营销策略是有效的，但也要慎重处理，避免文化不敏感。分析句子结构可知，avid在句子中不作为谓语动词使用，空格处及之后表示“目的”，因此使用动词不定式作目的状语，故填t avid。
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共14小题; 每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
With all the dietary infrmatin nline, it can be hard t knw what tips t fllw. Watch ut fr these wrds and expressins.
Fat Is Gd
It desn’t matter if yu are part f the fat is GOOD fr yu r BAD fr yu grup, the imprtant questin t ask is the surce f the fat. If it cmes frm a land-based animal, and is likely t be slid at rm temperature, then it is saturated (饱和的) fat whereas if it cmes frm fish r plants, and it is likely t be liquid at rm temperature, then it is unsaturated fat. All the evidence indicates that eating mre unsaturated fat than saturated fat lwers yur risk f dying early.
Natural Sugar Is Better
The vast majrity f sugar we cnsume is sucrse (蔗糖). It is the white pwdered stuff we ck with and is made up f glucse and fructse. Hw abut sugar frm hney? It is ften marketed as natural and better fr yu. Actually, it just has its wn distinct flavur, but is as sweet because f glucse and fructse.
High-pH Water
Sme peple think we need t eat alkali (碱) fd t maintain ur bld at a pH f 7.4. But everything we eat r drink passes thrugh the stmach, which, at a pH f 1.5, is the mst acidic part f the bdy. It is then neutralised t a pH f 7. S, nthing we eat will change the pH f ur bld.
Dn’t Eat Anything That Yu Can’t Prnunce
Whether fds are natural r highly prcessed, they are all full f chemicals. Are yu suppsed t fear “phenylthicarbamide”, because yu can’t prnunce it? This is simply the chemical respnsible fr the bitter taste fund in brassicas, the plants in the cabbage and mustard family.
Dn’t Eat Fd With Mre Than Five Ingredients(佐料)
Simple fds are nt necessarily healthier fr yu. If I, fr instance, use Chinese five spice pwder in a recipe, that wuld cunt as ne f the five ingredients. Hwever, what if I added the typical cmpnents f five spice pwder separately int a dish? Des that mean my recipe suddenly becmes bad because it has mre than five ingredients?
21. Accrding t the passage, healthier fat ______.
A. can be fund in fish and plantsB. cmes frm land-based animals
C. remains slid at rm temperatureD. can lwer the death rate f elders
22. The passage suggests that ______.
A. diets can help adjust the pH f ur bldB. hney sugar can d mre gd than sucrse
C. fds with mre ingredients may be as healthyD. chemicals we can recgnize are safer t take in
23. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T cmpare tips n fd chices.B. T intrduce different health cncepts.
C. T recmmend fitness recipes t readers.D. T warn us f sme dietary misunderstandings.
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要是对一些常见的饮食相关的说法进行了分析和解释，以帮助人们更好地理解和选择饮食。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“If it cmes frm a land-based animal, and is likely t be slid at rm temperature, then it is saturated (饱和的) fat whereas if it cmes frm fish r plants, and it is likely t be liquid at rm temperature, then it is unsaturated fat. All the evidence indicates that eating mre unsaturated fat than saturated fat lwers yur risk f dying early.(如果它来自陆生动物，在室温下很可能是固体，那么它就是饱和脂肪；如果它来自鱼类或植物，在室温下很可能是液体，那么它就是不饱和脂肪。所有证据都表明，摄入更多的不饱和脂肪比摄入更多的饱和脂肪能降低早逝的风险)”可知，鱼类和植物中含有更健康的脂肪。故选A。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Simple fds are nt necessarily healthier fr yu. If I, fr instance, use Chinese five spice pwder in a recipe, that wuld cunt as ne f the five ingredients. Hwever, what if I added the typical cmpnents f five spice pwder separately int a dish? Des that mean my recipe suddenly becmes bad because it has mre than five ingredients?(简单的食物不一定对你更健康。例如，如果我在菜谱中使用了中国的五香粉，它就会被算作五种配料之一。然而，如果我把五种香料粉的典型成分分别加入到一道菜中呢？这是否意味着我的食谱突然变坏了，因为它含有超过五种原料？)”可推知，含有更多佐料的食物可能也一样健康，故选C。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章主要讲了一些关于饮食的常见误解，如脂肪的好坏、天然糖是否更好、高pH值水是否更好、以及佐料多的食物是否不好，目的是提醒人们注意这些饮食方面的误解，故选D。
B
At my first lessn in Chinese calligraphy, my teacher tld me plainly: “Nw I will teach yu hw t write yur name. And t make it beautiful.” I felt my breath catch. I was curius.
Grwing up in Singapre, I had an unusual relatinship with my Chinese name. My parents are ethnically Chinese, s they asked frtune tellers t decide my name, aiming fr maximum luck. As a result, I ended up with a nnsense and embarrassing name: Chen Yiwen, meaning, rughly, “ld”, “barley (薏米)” and “warm”.
When I arrived in America fr cllege at 18, I put n an American accent and abandned my Chinese name. When I mved t Hng Kng in 2021, after 14 years in the States, I decided t learn calligraphy. Why nt get back in tuch with my heritage? I thught.
In calligraphy, the idea is t cpy the ld masters’ techniques, thereby refining yur wn. Every week, thugh, my teacher wuld give uncmfrtably n-the-nse assessments f my persn. “Yu need t be braver,” he nce bserved. “Have cnfidence. Try t prduce a bld strke(笔画).” Fr years, I had prided myself n presenting an image f cnfidence, but my writing betrayed me.
I was trying t make sense f this practice. Yu must visualize the wrd as it is t be written and leave a trace f yurself in it. As a bdily practice, calligraphy culd g beynd its wn cultural restrictins. Culd it help me g beynd mine? My teacher nce said t me, “When yu lk at the wrd, yu see the bdy. Thugh a wrd n the page is tw-dimensinal, it cntains multitudes, cnveying the frce yu’ve applied, the energy f yur grip, the arch f yur spine.” I had been learning calligraphy t get in tuch with my cultural rts, but what I was really seeking was a return t myself. Nw I have sensed that the pleasure ut f calligraphy allws me t knw myself mre fully.
During a recent lessn, my teacher pinted at the wrd I had just finished, telling me: “This wrd is much better. I can see the chices yu made, yur calculatins, yur flw. Trust yurself. This wrd is yurs.” He might as well have said, “This wrd is yu.”
24. What did the authr initially think f her name “Chen Yiwen”?
A. It was lucky s she gladly accepted it.B. She felt prud f its symblic meaning.
C. She understd the intentin but still disliked it.D. Its strange prnunciatin made her embarrassed.
25 The authr decided t learn calligraphy t ______.
A pick up a new hbbyB. recnnect with her rigin
C. gain insights int a new cultureD. fit in with lcal cmmunity
26. Frm the teacher’s wrds, the authr learns that calligraphy ______.
A. reflects the creatr’s spiritsB. cmes frm creative energy
C. highlights the design f strkesD. depends n cntinuus practice
27. What des the authr intend t tell us?
A. Appreciate what ur culture ffers.B. Find beauty frm yur inner self.
C. A great teacher leads yu t truth.D. We are the sum f what we create.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. A 27. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。这篇文章主要讲述了作者学习中国书法的经历和感悟，包括初次接触书法时的情景，名字的由来，在美国放弃中文名，回到香港学习书法的原因，老师对自己的评价，以及通过书法对自身的思考和认识等。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“My parents are ethnically Chinese, s they asked frtune tellers t decide my name, aiming fr maximum luck. As a result, I ended up with a nnsense and embarrassing name: Chen Yiwen, meaning, rughly, “ld”, “barley (薏米)” and “warm”.( 我的父母是华裔，所以他们请算命先生给我取名字，希望能给我带来最大的好运。于是，我给自己取了一个毫无意义又尴尬的名字：陈薏温，意思大致是“陈旧”、“薏米”、“温暖”)”可知， 作者认为自己的名字“Chen Yi wen”是无意义且令人尴尬的，虽然父母是为了追求最大的运气才取这个名字，但她还是不喜欢。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“When I mved t Hng Kng in 2021, after 14 years in the States, I decided t learn calligraphy. Why nt get back in tuch with my heritage? I thught.(当我在美国生活了14年后，于2021年搬到香港时，我决定学习书法。为什么不跟我的传统联系一下呢？我想)”可知，作者决定学习书法是为了重新接触自己的文化根源。故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“During a recent lessn, my teacher pinted at the wrd I had just finished, telling me: “This wrd is much better. I can see the chices yu made, yur calculatins, yur flw. Trust yurself. This wrd is yurs.” He might as well have said, “This wrd is yu.”(在最近的一次课上，老师指着我刚完成的单词对我说：“这个单词好多了。我能看到你所做的选择，你的计算，你的心流。相信自己。这个词是你的。”他还不如说：“这个词就是你。”)”可知，从老师的话中，作者了解到书法反映了创作者的精神。故选A。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“I had been learning calligraphy t get in tuch with my cultural rts, but what I was really seeking was a return t myself. Nw I have sensed that the pleasure ut f calligraphy allws me t knw myself mre fully.(我一直在学习书法，以接触我的文化根源，但我真正寻求的是回归自我。现在我已经感觉到，书法的乐趣可以让我更充分地认识自己)”以及作者讲述自己学习书法的经历，通过老师的话及自己的理解，意识到书法可以帮助自己回归自我，更好地了解自己。作者意在告诉我们要从内心自我中发现美。故选B。
C
Researchers hpe brain implants will ne day help peple with aphasia(失语症) t get their vice back—and maybe even t sing. Nw, fr the first time, scientists have demnstrated that the brain’s electrical activity can be decded and used t recnstruct music.
A new study analyzed data frm 29 peple mnitred fr epileptic seizures(癫痫发作), using electrdes(电极) n the surface f their brain. As participants listened t a selected sng, electrdes captured brain activity related t musical elements, such as tne, rhythm, and lyrics. Emplying machine learning, Rbert Knight frm UC Berkeley and his clleagues recnstructed what the participants were hearing and published their study results. The paper is the first t suggest that scientists can “listen secretly t” the brain t synthesize(合成) music.
T turn brain activity data int musical sund, researchers trained an artificial intelligence (AI)mdel t decde data captured frm thusands f electrdes that were attached t the participants as they listened t the sng while underging surgery. Once the brain data were fed thrugh the mdel, the music returned. The mdel als revealed sme brain parts respnding t different musical features f the sng.
Althugh the findings fcused n music, the researchers expect their results t be mst useful fr translating brain waves int human speech. Ludvic Bellier, the study’s lead authr, explains that speech, regardless f language, has small meldic differences—temp, stress, accents, and intnatin—knwn as prsdy(韵律). These elements carry meaning that we can’t cmmunicate with wrds alne. He hpes the mdel will imprve brain-cmputer interfaces (BCI), assistive devices that recrd speech-assciated brain waves and use algrithms t recnstruct intended messages. This technlgy, still in its infancy, culd help peple wh have lst the ability t speak because f aphasia.
Future research shuld investigate whether these mdels can be expanded frm music that participants have heard t imagined internal speech. If a brain-cmputer interface culd recreate smene’s speech with the prsdy and emtinal weight fund in music, it culd ffer a richer cmmunicatin experience beynd mere wrds.
Several barriers remain befre we can put this technlgy in the hands—r brains— f patients. The current mdel relies n surgical implants. As recrding techniques imprve, the hpe is t gather data nn-invasively, pssibly using ultrasensitive electrdes. Hwever, under current technlgies, this apprach might result in a lwer speed f decding int natural speech. The researchers als hpe t imprve the playback clarity by packing the electrdes clser tgether n the brain’s surface, enabling an even mre detailed lk at the electrical symphny the brain prduces.
28. What can we learn frm the study?
A. Electrdes can analyze musical elements.
B. The decding f brain data helps recreate music.
C. Machine learning greatly enhances brain activity.
D. The AI mdel mnitrs music-respnsive brain regins.
29. What hpefully makes it pssible t expand the mdel t speech?
A. The prsdy f speech.B. The cllectin f brain waves.
C. The emtinal weight f music.D. The recnstructin f infrmatin.
30. Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Unlcking the Secrets f Meldic MindB. Brain Symphny: Synthesized Human Speech
C. BCI Brings Hpe t Peple with AphasiaD. Remarkable Jurney: Decding Brain with AI
【答案】28. B 29. A 30. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲科学家首次证明大脑电活动可解码并用于重构音乐，他们还期望该研究成果能助失语症患者恢复说话能力，未来需克服一些障碍才能将此技术应用于患者。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“T turn brain activity data int musical sund, researchers trained an artificial intelligence (AI) mdel t decde data captured frm thusands f electrdes that were attached t the participants as they listened t the sng while underging surgery.(为了将大脑活动数据转化为音乐声音，研究人员训练了一个人工智能模型来解码从数千个电极捕获的数据，这些电极是在参与者接受手术时听歌曲时连接到他们身上的)”可知，解码大脑数据有助于重新创造音乐。故选B。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“Althugh the findings fcused n music, the researchers expect their results t be mst useful fr translating brain waves int human speech. Ludvic Bellier, the study’s lead authr, explains that speech, regardless f language, has small meldic differences—temp, stress, accents, and intnatin—knwn as prsdy. These elements carry meaning that we can’t cmmunicate with wrds alne. He hpes the mdel will imprve brain-cmputer interfaces (BCI), assistive devices that recrd speech-assciated brain waves and use algrithms t recnstruct intended messages.(尽管研究结果主要集中在音乐上，但研究人员希望他们的结果在将脑电波转换为人类语言方面最有用。该研究的主要作者Ludvic Bellier解释说，无论语言是什么，语音都有小的旋律差异——节奏、重音、口音和语调——被称为韵律。这些元素所承载的意义是我们无法仅用语言交流的。他希望这个模型能够改善脑机接口，这是一种辅助设备，可以记录与语音相关的脑电波，并使用算法来重建预期的信息)”可知，是语音的韵律使得将模型扩展到语音成为可能。故选A。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段的“Researchers hpe brain implants will ne day help peple with aphasia t get their vice back—and maybe even t sing. Nw, fr the first time, scientists have demnstrated that the brain’s electrical activity can be decded and used t recnstruct music.(研究人员希望大脑植入物有一天能帮助失语症患者恢复声音，甚至可能唱歌。现在，科学家们第一次证明，大脑的电活动可以被解码并用于重建音乐)”可知，文章主要讲述了科学家通过解码大脑的电活动来合成音乐，并且希望这项技术可以用于转化人类语言，帮助失语症患者，因此B选项“大脑交响乐：合成人类语言”能够很好地概括文章主旨，适合作为标题。故选B。
D
“Assume yu are wrng.” The advice came frm Brian Nsek, a psychlgy prfessr, wh was ffering a strategy fr pursuing better science.
T understand the cntext fr Nsek’s advice, we need t take a step back t the nature f science itself. Yu see despite what many f us learned in elementary schl, there is n single scientific methd. Just as scientific theries becme elabrated and change, s d scientific methds.
But methdlgical refrm hasn’t cme withut sme fretting and frictin. Nasty things have been said by and abut methdlgical refrmers. Few peple like having the value f their life’s wrk called int questin. On the ther side few peple are gd at vicing criticisms in kind and cnstructive ways. S, part f the challenge is figuring ut hw t bake critical self-reflectin int the culture f science itself, s it unflds as a welcme and integrated part f the prcess, and nt an embarrassing sideshw.
What Nsek recmmended was a strategy fr changing the way we ffer and respnd t critique. Assuming yu are right might be a mtivating frce, sustaining the enrmus effrt that cnducting scientific wrk requires. But it als makes it easy t interpret criticisms as persnal attacks. Beginning, instead, frm the assumptin yu are wrng, a criticism is easier t interpret as a cnstructive suggestin fr hw t be less wrng—a gal that yur critic presumably shares.
One wrry abut this apprach is that it culd be demralizing fr scientists. Striving t be less wrng might be a less effective mtivatin than the prmise f being right. Anther cncern is that a strategy that wrks well within science culd backfire when it cmes t cmmunicating science with the public. Withut an appreciatin fr hw science wrks, it’s easy t take uncertainty r disagreements as marks against science, when in fact they reflect sme f the very features f science that make it ur best apprach t reaching reliable cnclusins abut the wrld. Science is reliable because it respnds t evidence: as the quantity and quality f ur evidence imprves, ur theries can and shuld change, t.
Despite these wrries, I like Nsek’s suggestin because it builds in cgnitive humility alng with a sense that we can d better. It als builds in a sense f cmmunity—we’re all in the same bat when it cmes t falling shrt f getting things right.
Unfrtunately, this still leaves us with an untested hypthesis(假说): that assuming ne is wrng can change cmmunity nrms fr the better, and ultimately supprt better science and even, perhaps, better decisins in life. I dn’t knw if that’s true. In fact, I shuld prbably assume that it’s wrng. But with the benefit f the scientific cmmunity and ur best methdlgical tls, I hpe we can get it less wrng, tgether.
31. What can we learn frm Paragraph 3?
A. Refrmers tend t devalue researchers’ wrk.
B. Scientists are unwilling t express kind criticisms.
C. Peple hld wrng assumptins abut the culture f science.
D. The scientific cmmunity shuld practice critical self-reflectin.
32. The strategy f “assuming yu are wrng” may cntribute t ______.
A. the enrmus effrts f scientists at wrkB. the reliability f ptential research results
C. the public’s passin fr scientific findingsD. the imprvement in the quality f evidence
33. The underlined wrd “demralizing” in Paragraph 5 means ______.
A. discuragingB. ineffectiveC. unfairD. misleading
34. The tne the authr uses in talking abut the untested hypthesis is ______.
A. dubtful but sincereB. disapprving but sft
C. authritative and directD. reflective and humrus
【答案】31. D 32. B 33. A 34. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。这篇文章主要讲心理学教授BrianNsek提出“假定自己是错的”这一建议用于追求更好的科学，文章围绕该建议展开，论述其背景、面临的挑战及担忧，作者虽对这一假说存疑，但喜欢该建议，希望借助科学社区和方法工具，共同减少错误。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“But methdlgical refrm hasn’t cme withut sme fretting and frictin. Nasty things have been said by and abut methdlgical refrmers. Few peple like having the value f their life’s wrk called int questin. On the ther side, few peple are gd at vicing criticisms in kind and cnstructive ways. S, part f the challenge is figuring ut hw t bake critical self-reflectin int the culture f science itself, s it unflds as a welcme and integrated part f the prcess, and nt an embarrassing sideshw.(但方法改革并非没有一些烦恼和摩擦。方法论改革家说了很多难听的话，也说了很多关于他们的坏话。很少有人喜欢自己毕生工作的价值受到质疑。另一方面，很少有人善于以善意和建设性的方式提出批评。所以，挑战的一部分是弄清楚如何将批判性的自我反思融入科学文化本身，这样它就会成为这个过程中受欢迎的、完整的一部分，而不是令人尴尬的杂耍)”可知，方法上的改革面临一些挑战，其中之一就是要弄清楚如何将批判性的自我反思融入科学文化本身，使其成为过程中受欢迎和整合的一部分，这说明科学社区应该实践批判性自我反思。故选D。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Beginning, instead, frm the assumptin yu are wrng, a criticism is easier t interpret as a cnstructive suggestin fr hw t be less wrng—a gal that yur critic presumably shares.(相反，从假设你是错的开始，批评更容易被解释为如何减少错误的建设性建议——你的批评者可能也有同样的目标)”及第五段的“Withut an appreciatin fr hw science wrks, it’s easy t take uncertainty r disagreements as marks against science, when in fact they reflect sme f the very features f science that make it ur best apprach t reaching reliable cnclusins abut the wrld. Science is reliable because it respnds t evidence: as the quantity and quality f ur evidence imprves, ur theries can and shuld change, t.(如果不了解科学是如何运作的，就很容易把不确定性或分歧当作反对科学的标志，而事实上，它们恰恰反映了科学的一些特征，正是这些特征使科学成为我们得出关于世界的可靠结论的最佳途径。科学是可靠的，因为它对证据作出反应：随着证据数量和质量的提高，我们的理论也可以而且应该改变) ”可知，“假定自己是错的”这种策略有助于科学家寻找更多的证据，提高了潜在研究结果的可靠性。故选B。
【33题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第五段的“One wrry abut this apprach is that it culd be demralizing fr scientists. Striving t be less wrng might be a less effective mtivatin than the prmise f being right. Anther cncern is that a strategy that wrks well within science culd backfire when it cmes t cmmunicating science with the public. Withut an appreciatin fr hw science wrks, it’s easy t take uncertainty r disagreements as marks against science.(对这种方法的一个担忧是，它可能会使科学家……。努力少犯错误的动机可能不如承诺正确的动机有效。另一个担忧是，在科学领域行之有效的策略在与公众交流科学时可能会适得其反。如果不了解科学是如何运作的，就很容易把不确定性或分歧当作反对科学的标志)”可知，在科学领域，追求完全正确往往是一个理想化的目标，因为实现这个目标可能是困难的，甚至是不可能的。相比之下，追求变得“不那么错误”可能更为现实和可行。这种方法鼓励科学家不断学习和改进，接受在研究过程中会犯错的可能性，从而更好地理解和解决问题。虽然这种方法可能会减轻一些压力，但也可能会在一定程度上降低科学家的动机和信心，因为他们可能会觉得自己永远无法达到完美的正确性。因此，“假定自己是错的”这种策略可能会让科学家感到士气低落。故选A。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Unfrtunately, this still leaves us with an untested hypthesis: that assuming ne is wrng can change cmmunity nrms fr the better, and ultimately supprt better science and even, perhaps, better decisins in life. I dn’t knw if that’s true. In fact, I shuld prbably assume that it’s wrng. But with the benefit f the scientific cmmunity and ur best methdlgical tls, I hpe we can get it less wrng, tgether.(不幸的是，这仍然给我们留下了一个未经检验的假设：假设一个人是错的可以改变社会规范，并最终支持更好的科学，甚至可能是更好的生活决策。我不知道这是不是真的。事实上，我应该假设这是错的。但是有了科学界和我们最好的方法论工具的帮助，我希望我们能一起减少错误)”可知，作者一方面承认自己不确定这个假说是否正确，另一方面又对其抱有希望，因此作者对未经检验的假说持怀疑但又真诚的态度。故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When yu get in a car, yu expect it will have functining brakes. When yu pick up medicine at the drugstre, yu expect it wn’t be plluted. But it wasn’t always like this. The safety f these prducts was terrible when they first came t market. It tk much research and regulatin t figure ut hw users can enjy the benefits f these prducts withut getting harmed. ___35___
Scial media risks are everywhere. The dangers that algrithms designed t maximize attentin represent t teens have becme impssible t ignre. Other prduct design elements, ften called “dark patterns,” designed t keep peple using fr lnger, als appear t tip yung users int scial media veruse. ___36___ They say it’s their users’ fault fr engaging with harmful cntent in the first place, even if thse users are children r the cntent is financial trickery. They als claim t be defending free speech.
___37___ Under the Digital Services Act, which came int effect in Eurpe this year, platfrms are required t take actin t stp the spread f illegal cntent and can be fined up t 6 percent f their glbal incmes if they dn’t d s. If this law is enfrced, maintaining the safety f their algrithms and netwrks will be the mst financially sund decisin fr platfrms t make.
Despite these effrts, tw things are clear. First, nline safety prblems are leading t real, ffline suffering. Secnd, scial media cmpanies can’t, r wn’t, slve these safety prblems n their wn. ___38___ Even safety issues like cyberbullying that we thught were slved can pp right back up. As ur sciety mves nline t an ever-greater degree, the idea that anyne, even teens, can just “stay ff scial media” becmes less and less realistic. ___39___
A. And thse prblems aren’t ging away.
B. The current issues aren’t really abut ffline suffering.
C. Platfrms already have systems t remve vilent r harmful cntent.
D. Similarly, scial media needs prduct safety standards t keep users safe.
E. It’s time we shuld require scial media t take safety seriusly, fr everyne’s sake.
F. Internet platfrms, hwever, have shifted blame n the cnsumers whenever criticized.
G. Sme authrities are taking steps t hld scial media platfrms accuntable fr the cntent.
【答案】35. D 36. F 37. G 38. A 39. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了社交媒体存在风险，平台常推卸责任，欧洲已实施相关法规，而线上安全问题引发线下痛苦，且社交媒体公司难以独自解决，人们也越来越难以远离社交媒体。
【35题详解】
根据上文的“When yu get in a car, yu expect it will have functining brakes. When yu pick up medicine at the drugstre, yu expect it wn’t be plluted. But it wasn’t always like this. The safety f these prducts was terrible when they first came t market. It tk much research and regulatin t figure ut hw users can enjy the benefits f these prducts withut getting harmed. (当你坐进一辆车的时候，你希望它的刹车能正常工作。当你在药店买药时，你希望它不会被污染。但事情并不总是这样的。这些产品刚上市时安全性很差。为了弄清楚用户如何在不受伤害的情况下享受这些产品的好处，需要进行大量的研究和监管)”可知，此段讲述的是其他产品都有安全标准，接着下文提到社交媒体的风险无处不在，说明社交媒体也需要产品安全标准来保护用户安全，D项(同样，社交媒体也需要产品安全标准来保证用户的安全)符合文意。故选D项。
【36题详解】
根据下文的“They say it’s their users’ fault fr engaging with harmful cntent in the first place, even if thse users are children r the cntent is financial trickery. They als claim t be defending free speech.(他们说，用户一开始接触有害内容是他们的错，即使这些用户是孩子，或者内容是金融骗局。他们还声称是在捍卫言论自由)可知，社交媒体将问题推卸给用户，F项(然而，每当受到批评时，互联网平台就把责任推给消费者)引出下文，符合文意。故选F项。
【37题详解】
根据下文的“Under the Digital Services Act, which came int effect in Eurpe this year, platfrms are required t take actin t stp the spread f illegal cntent and can be fined up t 6 percent f their glbal incmes if they dn’t d s. If this law is enfrced, maintaining the safety f their algrithms and netwrks will be the mst financially sund decisin fr platfrms t make.(根据今年在欧洲生效的《数字服务法案》(Digital Services Act)，平台必须采取行动阻止非法内容的传播，如果不这样做，将被处以最高相当于其全球收入6%的罚款。如果这项法律得到执行，维护其算法和网络的安全将是平台做出的最经济合理的决定)”可知，说明一些权威机构正在采取措施让社交媒体平台对其内容负责，G选项(一些当局正在采取措施，要求社交媒体平台对这些内容负责)符合文意。故选G项。
【38题详解】
根据上文的“Despite these effrts, tw things are clear. First, nline safety prblems are leading t real, ffline suffering. Secnd, scial media cmpanies can’t, r wn’t, slve these safety prblems n their wn. (尽管做出了这些努力，但有两件事是明确的。首先，网络安全问题正在导致现实的、线下的痛苦。其次，社交媒体公司不能或不愿独自解决这些安全问题)可知，此段首先提到两个明确的事情，结合下文“Even safety issues like cyberbullying that we thught were slved can pp right back up.(即使是我们认为已经解决的安全问题，比如网络欺凌，也会再次出现)”接着说明问题不会消失，A选项(这些问题不会消失)引出下文，符合文意。故选A项。
【39题详解】
根据上文的“Even safety issues like cyberbullying that we thught were slved can pp right back up. As ur sciety mves nline t an ever-greater degree, the idea that anyne, even teens, can just “stay ff scial media” becmes less and less realistic.(即使是我们认为已经解决的安全问题，比如网络欺凌，也会再次出现。随着我们的社会网络化程度越来越高，任何人，甚至青少年，都可以“远离社交媒体”的想法变得越来越不现实)”，最后一段提到随着社会越来越依赖网络，让任何人远离社交媒体变得不太现实，所以为了每个人的利益，是时候要求社交媒体认真对待安全问题了，E项(为了每个人，现在是时候要求社交媒体认真对待安全问题了)总结上文。故选E项。
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共 12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
As a kid, I dreamed f becming a marine bilgist and I lived ut this fantasy by setting up aquariums(鱼缸) at hme. Then, at 20, I was intrduced t phtgrapher David Liittschwager, wh hired me t help him with a magazine assignment n marine life.
David’s assignment was t dcument the amazing bidiversity fund in the cean. My rle was t cllect species fr him t phtgraph. Every night, I wuld cast a flating lamp. Like mths drawn t a flame, mysterius creatures wuld emerge frm the depths in search f this light. I’d then set up aquariums t huse them as they waited fr David t take their sht.
Thse evenings made me feel as if I were n anther planet I had never imagined such strange life-frms culd exist in ur ceans. But I didn’t grasp the true magic f what was in frnt f me until I saw the phtgraphs David tk.
The biggest surprise was his image f a baby flunder. I caught this fish by accident. Only later did I ntice its tw tiny eyeballs staring back at me. But David’s phtgraph f this flunder revealed a universe f detail that even my eager eyes had missed. His macr lens magnified its ribs. The lightning-fast expsure frze its mtin. A precisely aimed light released the rainbw hidden in its skin. And the black backgrund remved all distractins t fcus ur attentin n the quiet beauty at hand.
Years after that prject, I was snrkeling(潜水) n a shallw reef. Out f the darkness, anther baby flunder emerged and settled n my mask. This time I knew what t lk fr. Befre wrking fr David, I had assumed the gal f phtgraphy was simply t reprduce an bservatin s that thers culd share the same experience. It had never ccurred t me that phtgraphy culd expand ur visual perceptin and therefre teach us t see the wrld anew.
40. What was the authr’s respnsibility in David’s assignment?
___________________________________________________________________________________________
41. Why was David’s image f a baby flunder the biggest surprise t the authr?
___________________________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
▶Encuntering a baby flunder while snrkeling deepened the authr’s understanding that phtgraphy culd reprduce an bservatin.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
43. What can help yu see the wrld anew?(In abut 40 wrds)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】40. The authr’s respnsibility was t cllect species fr David t phtgraph.
41. Because it revealed a universe f detail that the authr had missed and shwed the magic f phtgraphy.
42 Encuntering a baby flunder while snrkeling deepened the authr’s understanding that phtgraphy culd reprduce an bservatin./Encuntering a baby flunder while snrkeling deepened the authr’s understanding that phtgraphy culd expand ur visual perceptin and teach us t see the wrld anew.
43. Seeing the wrld thrugh different perspectives, experiencing new cultures, learning abut diverse ideas and beliefs, engaging in meaningful cnversatins, traveling t new places, and being pen t change and grwth can all help yu see the wrld anew.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。这篇文章主要讲作者回忆自己年轻时协助摄影师David Liittschwager拍摄海洋生物的经历，通过David拍摄的鱼的照片，意识到摄影可以扩展视觉感知，让人重新看待世界，后来作者潜水时再次遇到小鱼，有了新的认知。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第二段的“My rle was t cllect species fr him t phtgraph.(我的职责是收集物种供他拍摄)”可知，作者的职责是为大卫收集物种供他拍摄。故答案为The authr’s respnsibility was t cllect species fr David t phtgraph.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第四段的“But David’s phtgraph f this flunder revealed a universe f detail that even my eager eyes had missed. His macr lens magnified its ribs. The lightning-fast expsure frze its mtin. A precisely aimed light released the rainbw hidden in its skin. And the black backgrund remved all distractins t fcus ur attentin n the quiet beauty at hand.(但大卫对这条比目鱼的照片揭示了一个宇宙的细节，甚至是我热切的眼睛都错过了。他的微距镜头放大了它的肋骨。闪电般的曝光冻结了它的运动。一束精确瞄准的光释放了隐藏在它皮肤里的彩虹。黑色的背景消除了所有的干扰，使我们的注意力集中在眼前的宁静之美)”可知，大卫拍摄的照片揭示了作者错过的许多细节，展现了摄影的魅力，这让作者感到惊喜。故答案为Because it revealed a universe f detail that the authr had missed and shwed the magic f phtgraphy.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。从最后一段的“Years after that prject, I was snrkeling n a shallw reef. Out f the darkness, anther baby flunder emerged and settled n my mask. This time I knew what t lk fr. Befre wrking fr David, I had assumed the gal f phtgraphy was simply t reprduce an bservatin s that thers culd share the same experience. It had never ccurred t me that phtgraphy culd expand ur visual perceptin and therefre teach us t see the wrld anew.(在那个项目几年后，我在一个浅滩上浮潜。黑暗中，另一条小比目鱼出现在我的面具上。这次我知道该找什么了。在为大卫工作之前，我一直认为摄影的目的仅仅是再现观察结果，这样其他人就可以分享同样的经历。我从来没有想过摄影可以扩展我们的视觉感知，从而教会我们重新看待世界)”可知，作者意识到摄影可以扩展我们的视觉感知，让我们重新看待世界，而不只是简单地再现一个观察结果。故答案为Encuntering a baby flunder while snrkeling deepened the authr’s understanding that phtgraphy culd reprduce an bservatin./Encuntering a baby flunder while snrkeling deepened the authr’s understanding that phtgraphy culd expand ur visual perceptin and teach us t see the wrld anew.
【43题详解】
开放题。要求考生谈谈“什么能帮助你重新看待世界？”考生言之有理即可，例如“通过不同的视角看待世界，体验新的文化，了解不同的想法和信仰，进行有意义的对话，去新的地方旅行，对变化和成长持开放态度，这些都可以帮助你重新看待世界”。故答案为Seeing the wrld thrugh different perspectives, experiencing new cultures, learning abut diverse ideas and beliefs, engaging in meaningful cnversatins, traveling t new places, and being pen t change and grwth can all help yu see the wrld anew.
第二节(20分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。六月十四日是世界献血者日(Wrld Bld Dnr Day)，你在京学习的英国好友Jim决定当天去献血，并询问你的意愿。请你用英文给他回复一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1.你的答复及理由；
2.提醒注意事项。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
9 April 2024
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
Thank yu fr cnsidering me fr such an imprtant cause. I truly appreciate yur invitatin t jin yu in dnating bld n Wrld Bld Dnr Day.
Hwever, due t persnal reasns, I wn’t be able t participate this time. Nnetheless, I fully supprt yur decisin t dnate bld, as it can save lives.
Please remember t eat a healthy meal befre dnating, stay hydrated, and get plenty f rest afterward. Als, make sure t fllw all instructins given by the medical staff during the dnatin prcess.
Wishing yu a successful and rewarding experience!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本书面表达是一篇应用文写作，在京学习的英国好友Jim决定在世界献血者日当天去献血，想要询问你的意愿，按要求考生用英文写一封电子邮件回复Jim。
【详解】1.词汇积累
重要的：imprtant→significant/crucial
因为：due t→wing t/because f
完全地：fully→cmpletely/ttally
拯救：save→rescue
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Please remember t eat a healthy meal befre dnating, stay hydrated, and get plenty f rest afterward.
拓展句：Befre yu prepare fr the dnatin, remember t eat a healthy meal, stay hydrated, and get plenty f rest afterward.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Nnetheless, I fully supprt yur decisin t dnate bld, as it can save lives. (运用了as引导的原因状语从句)
【高分句型2】Als, make sure t fllw all instructins given by the medical staff during the dnatin prcess. (运用了过去分词作后置定语)
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