天津市第四十七中学2023-2024学年高二下学期第一次阶段性检测（3月）英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份天津市第四十七中学2023-2024学年高二下学期第一次阶段性检测（3月）英语试卷(含答案)，共23页。试卷主要包含了单选题，完形填空，阅读理解，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、单选题
1．—William didn’t shw up at the get-tgether last night.
—________? He’s always taking an active part in such activities.
A. Why ntB. What frC. Hw cmeD. S what
2．During ur trip t the Great Wall last week, I culdn’t stp thinking abut hw huge a prject it ________ have been t build it in ancient times.
A. mustB. culdC. shuldD. need
3．Water is becming an increasingly ________ resurce fr many factrs. If all the cuntries fail wrk tgether t save it and prtect it, the last drp f water n the earth is ur tears.
A. preciusB. previusC. flexibleD. available
4．She turned the pages and ________ t be reading, which was typical f her.
A. pretendedB. preferredC. cmprmisedD. preserved
5．The cmpany has launched several types f cars this year, and ne in particular ________ the yung with high incmes.
A. subscribes tB. admits tC. appeals tD. adapts t
6．Since it was bradcast in 2017, the weekly talk shw. Readers, ________ as “a breath f fresh air” amng varius shws in China.
A. is cnsideredB. was cnsidering
C. has been cnsideredD. was cnsidered
7．—We shuld buy smething special fr ur father, whse birthday is drawing near.
—________? The CD in yur hand?
A. S whatB. Like whatC. What ifD. Guess what
8．After graduating frm university, ZhangHan went t the UK, where she ________ ecnmy fr a whle year
A. studiedB. has studiedC. had studiedD. wuld study
9．William was brught up in a family ________ all the members gt higher educatin, mst f ________ d the jbs cnnected with finance.
A. which, whB. which, whmC. where, whmD. that, wh
10．________ his life t the realizatin f scial equality, the frmer President Nelsn Mandela set a gd example fr all f us.
A. Having devtedB. DevtedC. T be devtedD. Being devted
11．Ptates reached Belgium in the 16th century, but they weren’t cut up int fries and sld as a meal ________ the 19th century, ________ they became ppular.
A. since, thatB. until, whenC. after, whenD. when, that
12．Even thugh yu never experience yur bank clsing dwn, the return f putting the mney int the bank is little when inflatin is ________ int cnsideratin
A. madeB. develpedC. takenD. brught
13．________ billins f dllars spent n “educatinal research,” children are nt taught the mst basic skills f learning, even the mst basic f these: hw t use a dictinary.
A. In place fB. In case fC. In search fD. In spite f
14．Try t give yurself sme extra time fr each task ________ ne takes lnger than yu expected.
A. in caseB. even ifC. s lng asD. as if
15．The huse n the hill ________ the valley, where yu can enjy a splendid view.
A. ignresB. admiresC. appreciatesD. verlks
二、完形填空（20空）
I was wrking in my upstairs study when the drbell rang. I 1 ran dwnstairs. It must be a(n) 2 , I thught. I didn’t even remember rdering anything, but I was still delighted by the pssibility. It’s almst mre 3 when yu dn’t remember; it’s like receiving a gift yu never 4 .
I quickly pened the dr, afraid they might leave, nly t be 5 by a Jew wh came t cllect tzedakah (the Jewish traditin f charity). I was 6 nt just that the expected material item hadn’t arrived, but at the 7 f the petitiner (请求者). I even thught, if nly I hadn’t been in such a 8 ; if nly I hadn’t pened the dr.
I made my cntributin—plitely but with little 9 . The recipient, n the ther hand, shwered me with blessings. I felt 10 . Why was he, the ne in 11 , able t keep such a(n) 12 attitude? And why was I, the mre frtunate ne, s depressed and bitter? It was time fr a little self-examinatin.
Firstly, I wasn’t even. 13 whether I had rdered anything. Secndly, even if I had, did I really think that material item, whatever it might have been, 14 the level f excitement I was feeling? I knew it was just a thing, smething that wuld eventually be 15 r given away, that wuldn’t give me meaning r blessings. Thirdly, if I had s 16 myself frm thers’ needs that I was unable t understand their pain, that I saw them as disturbing rather than as an pprtunity t 17 , t uplift thers?
Nw I knw I made a 18 . I realize hw unfriendly I was. But at least I still have a little 19 . And I want t be better. S let the drbell ring. I’ll 20 a heartfelt smile. I’ll greet all petitiners with lve and genersity.
16．A. carefullyB. slwlyC. eagerlyD. quietly
17．A. trickB. packageC. emergencyD. investigatin
18．A. annyingB. ridiculusC. pleasantD. cnvenient
19．A. likeB. shareC. returnD. expect
20．A. greetedB. thankedC. caughtD. blamed
21．A. interestedB. disappintedC. embarrassedD. frightened
22．A. sightB. thughtC. mannerD. wrk
23．A. messB. panicC. cnflictD. rush
24．A. frceB. enthusiasmC. cnsciusnessD. hesitatin
25．A. ashamedB. bredC. skepticalD. helpless
26．A. needB. dangerC. pwerD. fashin
27．A. clearB. ambiguusC. psitiveD. cautius
28．A. srryB. cncernedC. happyD. sure
29．A. raisedB. lweredC. deservedD. indicated
30．A. receivedB. enjyedC. frgttenD. bught
31．A. excusedB. prtectedC. savedD. distanced
32．A. relaxB. giveC. imprveD. learn
33．A. friendB. differenceC. prmiseD. mistake
34．A. self-awarenessB. self-cnfidence
C. self-dependenceD. self-sacrifice
35．A. rely nB. pass nC. make utD. send up
三、阅读理解
The cncept f an art museum is easy enugh: that is abut art. There are thse rare museums fcused largely r entirely n the wrk f just ne persn. Thse senses can be all the richer when yu knw the museum is the artist’s birthplace r netime hme. Here are fur examples f such museums.
Cyrus E. Dallin Art Museum
611 Massachusetts Ave., Arlingtn
781-641-0747
The name Cyrus E. Dallin (1861-1944) might nt be familiar, but several f the sculptr’s wrks are. His “Appeal t the Great Spirit”, an example f the many sculptures Dallin made relating t Native Americans, stands in frnt f the Museum f Fine Arts.
Brn in Utah, he lived in Arlingtn (Texas) fr the final fur decades f his life.
Nrman Rckwell Museum
9 Glendale Rad, Stckbridge
413-298-4100,
Rckwell (1894-1978) mved t Stckbridge in 1953. By then he was already America’s best-knwn illustratr (插图画家). The museum, funded in 1969, mved int its present, Rbert A. M. Stern-designed building in 1993. Its 998 paintings and drawings are the largest single cllectin f Rckwell’s art.
Kids 6 and under FREE, adults $20, students with ID: $10
Edward Grey Huse
8 Strawberry Lane, Yarmuth Prt
508-362-3909
Edward Grey (1925-2000) was an artist, yes, but he was ther things as well: authr, playwright, set and cstume designer. Grey purchased this 18th-century huse in 1979 and lived there the rest f his life. The huse currently serves as a museum celebrating Grey’s life and wrk. It’s als knwn as the Elephant Huse. That’s apprpriate, in light f Grey’s passin fr animal welfare.
Gilbert Stuart Birthplace and Museum
815 Gilbert Stuart Rad, Saunderstwn, R. I.
401-294-3001
Gilbert Stuart (1755-1828) is respnsible fr what may well be the mst familiar wrk f any American artist. His prtrait f Gerge Washingtn is the basis f the first president’s image n the dllar bill. As ne f the early Republic’s mst distinguished artists, Stuart painted mre than a thusand prtraits ver the curse f his career.
36．What is the feature these fur museums have in cmmn?
A. They are all very small and new.
B. They ffer rare exhibits in the wrld.
C. They attract a large number f artists.
D. They all invlve a single individual’s wrks f art.
37．What can we learn abut Cyrus E. Dallin?
A. He is a wrld-knwn sculptr.
B. Few peple knw his masterpiece.
C. He lived in Utah fr his last 40 years.
D. His artwrks had a lt t d with Native Americans.
38．Hw much will they pay if x cuple and their high-schl child g t see Rckwell’s art?
A. 20 dllars.B. 30 dllars.C. 40 dllars.D. 50 dllars.
39．Where will yu g if yu are interested in stage and clthes?
A. 9 Glendale Rad, Stckbridge.
B. 8 Strawberry Lane, Yarmuth Prt.
C. 611 Massachusetts Ave., Arlingtn.
D. 815 Gilbert Stuart Rad, Saunderstwn, R. I.
40．What number will yu call if yu want t get mre infrmatin abut paintings f characters?
A. 401-294-3001.B. 781-641-0747.C. 413-298-4100.D. 508-362-3909.
The mind is a wnderful thing. It’s als all excuse-making machine that frequently tries t Cnvince us nt t take actin we knw are gd fr us. If we hadn’t learned abut these excuses, r hw t vercme them, we wuld never have succeeded in making these psitive changes.
S why des the mind mess with us and make unreasnable excuses? Because the mind wants cmfrt; that’s the reasn. It’s afraid f discmfrt, pressure and change. The mind is absrbed in its cmfrt zne, and anytime we try t stretch that zne t far, fr t lng, the mind tries desperately t get back t “grund zer” at any cst. These damaging excuses, such as “I can’t d it”, “It is t hard fr me”, “It’s t late nw” and s n, are n strangers t ur minds.
It seems t difficult at first, s yu think yu can’t stick t the psitive change yu’re making. This excuse can be cnquered by lking at the fact that ther peple were n mre capable than yu thught yu were. Fr example, my 60-year-ld next-dr neighbr finished running a marathn, s I tld myself, “If she can d it, s can I!” Truth be tld, the nly persn wh tells yu “I can’t” is yurself. If yu hear thse wrds eching in the back f yur mind, tune them ut.
I’ve witnessed peple reinventing themselves at all ages — 48-year-lds starting families, 57-year-lds graduating frm cllege fr the first time, 71-year-lds starting successful businesses, and s frth.
Anther cmmn excuse is that “I’ve already failed t much” If yu break dwn, it’s fine, because yu are nly human. Just dn’t stay dwn; take a rest, and then pick yurself up s yu can g t where yu’d rather be. As Winstn Churchill said, “Success is never final; failure is never fatal (致命的). It is curage t cntinue that cunts.”
Sme peple feel like quitting when they have almst reached their gal, while thers attain their gals thrugh their effrts until the last secnd. S make sme necessary adjustments t get rid f the bad habit f making excuses. Keep ging! N excuses! Think, wrk, and climb, that’s hw yu’ll mve yur life frward.
41．Why des ur mind make excuses?
A. It tends t seek cmfrts rather than suffer.
B. It needs rest and relax.
C. It is preparing fr the difficult times.
D. It is the way it tries t find a slutin.
42．What might “grund zer” in Paragraph 2 refer t?
A. The lwest spt.B. The safest place.
C. The riginal place.D. The prper psitin.
43．Knwing his neighbr finished the marathn made the authr realize ________.
A. cmpleting a marathn was nt t difficult
B. peple ften neglect their abilities
C. lking dwn upn the thers is wrng
D. peple shuldn’t let negative thughts step in their way
44．Fr smene wh fears failure, the authr advises him t ________.
A. learn frm thse gd examples
B. stp fr a while and examine himself.
C. try t adjust himself, and get back n his feet
D. lk fr new directins and keep trying
45．What is the authr’s purpse in writing this passage?
A. T tell readers hw t make a change.
B. T help readers develp a new view f life.
C. T encurage readers t leave their cmfrtable zne.
D. T tell readers t stp making excuses and keep fighting.
Many sugar-sweetened beverages have little t ffer — n nutritinal value and lts f calries, and their harmful health effects have been well-dcumented. Nw, a study links drinking t many sugary beverages and even 100% natural fruit juices t an increased risk f early death. Specifically, drinking t much fruit juice culd lead t an increased risk f early death ranging frm 9% t 42%, accrding t a study.
Overall, the sugars fund in range juice, althugh naturally ccurring, are pretty similar t the sugars added t sda and ther sweetened beverages, the study suggests. “Sugary beverages, whether sft drinks r fruit juices, shuld be limited,” Jean Welsh, a c-authr f the study, said.
Seven US cities, including New Yrk and mst recently Philadelphia, have levied (征收) taxes n sweetened drinks with added sugar in an effrt t reduce cnsumptin. The new study defined “sugary beverages” as bth sugar-sweetened drinks, like sda and fruit-flavred drinks, and 100% natural fruit juices that have n added sugar. S hw des fruit juice cmpare t sda? “Previus research has shwn that high cnsumptin f sugars like thse in sft
drinks and fruit juices is linked t several cardivascular (心血管的) disease risk factrs,” Welsh explained.
Peple wh cnsumed 10% r mre f their daily calries as sugary beverages had a 44% greater risk f dying due t a heart disease and a 14% greater risk f an early death frm any cause cmpared with peple wh cnsumed less than 5% f their daily calries as sugary beverages, the study shwed. Each additinal 12-unce serving f fruit juice per day was assciated with a 24% higher risk f death frm any cause, and each additinal 12-unce serving f sugarybeverages per day was assciated with an 11% higher risk.
This is ne f the first studies t examine the relatinship between sugary drinks, including 100% fruit juices, and early death, wrte Marta Guasch-Ferré and Dr. Frank B. Hu in an editrial published alngside the new study. “Althugh fruit juices may nt be as harmful as sugar-sweetened beverages, their cnsumptin shuld be mderated in children and adults, especially fr individuals wh wish t cntrl their bdy weight,” Guasch-Ferré and Hu wrte.
Welsh said we need t cnsider bth fruit juices and sugar-sweetened beverages when we think abut hw much sugar we cnsume each day. Between the tw, she was in favr f fruit juices: “Given its vitamin and mineral cntent, fruit juice in small amunts may have a beneficial effect that isn’t seen with sdas and ther sugar-sweetened beverages.”
46．What can we learn frm the first paragraph?
A. Sugar-free drinks basically have n nutritinal value.
B. Natural fruit juices are usually healthier than sugary beverages.
C. The negative effect f drinking t many beverages remains unknwn.
D. Drinking t much fruit juice may nt be a healthy ptin.
47．Why have seven US cities taxed sugary beverages?
A. T increase the gvernment’s incme.
B. T let peple buy less sweetened beverages.
C. T urge peple t turn t sugar-free drinks.
D. T increase the cnsumptin f natural juice.
48．Hw are the findings f the study presented t us?
A. By making cmparisns.B. By giving examples.
C. By giving advice.D. By stating the facts.
49．What des the underlined wrd “mderated” mst prbably mean?
A. Avided.B. Increased.C. Reduced.D. Encuraged.
50．Frm Jean Welsh’s wrds we knw that ________.
A. sugar is a majr cause f cardivascular disease
B. the sugar in juice is different frm the sugar in sweetened beverages
C. fruit juices are nly recmmended when cnsumed in small amunts
D. the amunt f sugar we cnsume mainly lies in drinks with added sugar
Research has shwn that behaviral signaling is largely universal—nt nly acrss cultures, but acrss species. Based n this knwledge, Cgit Crp, has created an artificial intelligence (AI) technlgy t analyze behaviral and vcal cues (线索) t prvide in-the-mment guidance during cnversatins, making individuals mre emtinally intelligent.
“Artificial intelligence cntinues t have a transfrmatinal effect acrss industries. One area we see specific accelerated advancement in with this technlgy, is machine learning,” said Dr. Jhn Kane f Cgit “Much f the advancement in machine learning is due t the fact that it’s nt far remved frm ur daily lives. Take Amazn’s Alexa as a husehld example: Alexa can recgnize and respnd t whispered speech fr vice cmmands, made pssible thrugh machine learning advancement,” Kane cntinued. He als pinted ut that “media has built unrealistic expectatins in the minds f the general public when it cmes t AI, where in fact, machine learning algrithms (算法) are still generally develped fr narrwly defined purpses.”
Cgit was funded with the missin f helping humans cmmunicate with mre emtinal intelligence. Presently, it helps individuals acrss enterprise-level rganizatins, mainly in the insurance, healthcare and financial services industries, create strnger custmer service utcmes with the help f the Cgit Al cach. “Our gal is t prvide in the mment guidance t individuals within enterprise call centers s they can adjust their behavir and imprve custmer experiences,” Kane said.
Cgit’s Al technlgy aims t ffer a win-win-win mdel fr cmpanies—imprving agent perfrmance s that emplyees are mre ccupied with their wrk, custmers are mre satisfied and the cmpany is mre prductive. Cgit’s in-the-mment guidance identifies patterns and cues that may be easily verlked, giving cnsistent recmmendatins t agents in real time. This fcused level f analysis helps managers cach high-perfrming agents t be mre cnsistent and lw-perfrming agents t identify areas fr imprvement—psitively impacting cmpanies.
Lking t the future, Cgit’s CEO and c-funder, Jshua Feast, sees an pprtunity t wn the Al caching space. AI caches guide humans t imprve their individual and team perfrmance, resulting in a mre prductive, emtinally intelligent and successful wrkfrce.
51．What’s the main reasn fr machine learning’s advancement?
A. Its cnnectins with ur daily lives.
B. Its being a basic area f AI technlgy.
C. An increasing demand fr the technlgy.
D. Media’s effrts t prmte the technlgy.
52．What d yu knw abut AI frm Kane’s wrds?
A. It has wider uses than expected.
B. What it can d nw may be verestimated.
C. It is far frm familiar t the public.
D. Mst advanced AI technlgies remain unknwn t the public.
53．Why was Cgit established?
A. T bring greater advancement in machine learning.
B. T reveal the behaviral differences between humans.
C. T make humans mre emtinally intelligent in cnversatins.
D. T help cmpanies mnitr and measure emplyees’ wrk perfrmance.
54．Where is Cgit’s AI technlgy mainly applied?
A. In small cmpanies.B. In educatinal agencies.
C. In internatinal trading.D. In the service industry.
55．What can be inferred abut Cgit’s AI technlgy?
A. It faces a lt f challenges.
B. It seems t have a bright future.
C. It may replace the human wrkfrce sner r later.
D. It is disadvantageus t lw-perfrming emplyees.
Develped by Spanish fashin brand Sepiia, the Ultimate Smart Shirt 3.0 is a special men’s clthing that can reduce the wearer’s stress, imprve bld flw and increase energy levels.
Sepiia has been develping smart clthing fr years nw. Its first-generatin clthing included a staining-resistant fabric (抗污织物) arund the cuffs (袖口) and neck, thus requiring less frequent washing, while the secnd-generatin intrduced a mre breathable fabric that prevented t much sweat, while als being smell-resistant. Fr its latest generatin f smart clthing, Sepia intrduced the cncept f health, by develping a fabric that has all the characteristics f previus generatins, as well as new biceramic nanparticles (生物陶瓷纳米粒) that imprve the wearer’s health.
Accrding t Sepiia, the biceramic nanparticles are able t reprduce the FIR (Far Infrared Rays远红外线) frm the sun. The heat prduced by these rays gets int the wearer’s skin and benefits the muscles, jints and bld vessels by prmting bld circulatin. The biceramic material als absrbs harmful rays frm the sun, thus prtecting the wearer’s skin, and reflects the sun’s rays, creating a virtual heat barrier, keeping the wearer cl and cmfrtable.
“We started with clthes that were cmfrtable, and nw ur gal is fr fashin t evlve twards persnal health” Sepiia CEO, Federic Sainz, said.
Athletes are already using biceramic nanparticles in their sleepwear t imprve their perfrmance, but Sepiia wants t bring the same benefits t the general public, all thrugh the day.
The Ultimate Smart Shirt 3.0 is already available fr pre-rder via Sepiia’s Kickstarter page, fr a price f $98. If that seems expensive, just keep in mind that Sepiia’s smart shirt is a lt mre serviceable than rdinary shirts, as well as stain resistant, s yu’ll be able t wear it fr many years. Wh knws, yu may even end up saving mney.
56．What is the difference between the latest generatin f smart clthing and the previus tw? (n mre than 6 wrds)
_________________________________________________
57．What can the Ultimate Smart Shirt 3.0 make wearers feel? (n mre than 5 wrds)
_________________________________________________
58．What benefit can sleepwear cntaining biceramic nanparticles bring t athletes? (n mre than 5 wrds)
_________________________________________________
59．What des the underlined wrd in the last paragraph prbably mean? (n mre than 2 wrds)
_________________________________________________
60．Wuld yu buy the smart shirt r nt? And why? (n mre than 20 wrds)
_________________________________________________
四、书面表达
61．假定你是班长李华，你所在的班级新转来了一名同学Henry。请你用英语给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 欢迎他成为班级的一员；
2. 介绍班级、学校生活；
3. 同学们乐于和他成为朋友。
注意：1. 词数不少于100；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：C
解析：考查情景交际。句意:—威廉没有出现在昨晚的聚会上。—怎么回事?他总是积极参加这样的活动。A. Why nt为什么不呢;B. What fr为什么，有什么用处;C. Hw cme怎么回事;D. S what那又怎样。根据空后"He's always taking an active part in such activities."可知，威廉总是积极参加这样的活动而没有出现在昨晚的聚会上，此处是问怎么回事故选C。
2．答案：A
解析：考查情态动词辨析。句意:上周我们去长城的时候，我一直在想，在古代修建长城一定是一项多么 浩大的工程啊。A. must必须，一定;B. culd可以; C. shuld应该;D. need需要。结合句意及"t build it in ancient times"可知，此处表示对过去肯定的推测，指在古代修建长城一定是一项非常浩大的工 程，故选A。
3．答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意:由于许多因素，水正成为一种越来越宝贵的资源。如果所有国家都不能共同努力节约和保护它，地球上的最后一滴水就是我们的眼泪。A. precius珍贵的，宝贵的;B. previus以前的;C. flexible灵活的;D, available可获得的。根据"If all the cuntries fail wrk tgether t save it and prtect it"可知，要节约并保护水资源，说明它是一种珍贵的资源，故选A。
4．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:她翻了翻书，假装在看书，这是她的一贯作风。A. pretended假装;B. preferred更喜欢;C. cmprmised妥协;D. preserved保护。分析句子可知，and连接并列谓语，结合前后文语境可知，此处表示她经常翻开书，假装在看书，故选A。
5．答案：C
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意:该公司今年推出了几款车型，其中一款特别吸引高收入的年轻人。A. subscribes t订阅，同意;B. admits t承认，允许……进入;C. appeals t对……有吸引力;D. adapts t适应。结合"The cmpany has launched several types f cars this year"以及空后的"the yung with high incmes"可知，此处指"其中一款特别吸引高收入的年轻人"，appeals t符合题意，故选C。
6．答案：C
解析：考查动词时态和语态。句意:自2017年播出以来，每周脱口秀《朗读者》一直被认为是中国各种节目中的“一股清流”。cnsider为本句谓语，和主语the weekly talk shw, Readers之间是被动关系，用被动语态，根据时间状语Since it was bradcast in 2017可知，用现在完成时，主语为第三人称单数。故选C项。
7．答案：B
解析：考查情景交际。句意: —我们应该给父亲买些特别的东西，他的生日快到了。—比如什么?你手里的CD吗?A. S what那又怎样;B. Like what比如什么;C. What if如果……会怎么样;D. Guess what 你猜怎么着。根据空后的"The CD in yur hand?"可知，此处指“比如什么”，故选B。
8．答案：A
解析：考查动词时态。句意:大学毕业后，张涵去了英国 ，在那里她学习了整整一年的经济学。分析句子结构可知，本句是where引导的非限制性定语从句，从句部分缺少谓语动词，根据句意可知，此处指她去了英国之后，在英国学了一年的经济学，叙述过去发生的事情。所以用一般过去时。故选A项。
9．答案：C
解析：考查定语从句。句意:威廉在一个所有成员都受过 高等教育的家庭中长大，他们中的大多数人都从事 与金融有关的工作。第一空定语从句修饰先行词 family,在从句作地点状语，应用where;第二空为介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词 members,作介词的宾语，指人，应用whm。故选C。
10．答案：A
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意:尼尔森曼德拉前总统一生致力于实现社会平等，为我们大家树立了一个好榜样。分析句子可知，"devte his life t the realizatin f scial equality"作状语，devte(献身;致力)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语the frmer President Nelsn Mandela之间是主动关系，且"致力于实现社会平等"发生在"树立了一个好榜样"之前，应用现在分词的完成式表主动和完成。故选A项。
11．答案：B
解析：考查时间状语从句和定语从句。句意:土豆在16世纪到达比利时，但直到19世纪才被切成薯条作为一餐出售，当时土豆开始流行起来。第一空为句型 表示"直到……才……", until引导条件 状语从句;第二空非限制性定语从句修饰先行词 19th century,在从句作时间状语，应用关系副词when。故选B。
12．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:即使你从未经历过银行倒闭，但考虑到通货膨胀，把钱存在银行的回报也很少。A. made制作;B. develped发展;C. taken带走;D. brught带来。结合句意可知，此处为固定短语be taken int cnsideratin“考虑在内”，故选C。
13．答案：D
解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意:尽管在“教育研究”上花费了数十亿美元，孩子们却没有学到最基本的学习 技能，甚至是最基本的:如何使用字典。A. In place f代替;B. In case f万一;C. In search f寻找;D. In spite f尽管。结合句意可知，此处表示让步关系，指"尽管在‘教育研究’上花费了数十亿美元，孩子们却没有学到最基本的学习技能"，故选D。
14．答案：A
解析：考查状语从句。句意:试着给自己一些额外的时间来完成每一项任务，以防其中一项花费的时间比你预期的要长。A. in case以防万一;B. even if即使; C. s lng as只要;D. as if好像。引导条件状语从句时，其意为“如果，万一”应用in case。故选A。
15．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:山上的房子俯瞰山谷，在那里你可以欣赏到壮丽的景色。A. ignres忽视; B. admires欣赏，钦佩; C. appreciates欣赏，感激; D. verlks眺望，俯瞰。根据"The huse n the hill"以及"the valley"可知，此处指"山上的房子俯瞰山谷"，故选D。
16．答案：C
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意:我急切地跑下楼。A. carefully小心地;B. slwly慢慢地;C. eagerly急切地;D, quietly安静 地。根据下文"but I was still delighted by the pssibility"可知，作者此时很高兴，因此会急切地跑下楼去应门铃。故选C。
17．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:我想，这一定是个包裹。A. trick诡计;B. package包裹;C. emergency紧急情况;D. investigatin调查。根据下文"I didn't even remember rdering anything"可知，作者甚至不记得订购了什么，因此是猜想这会是个包裹。故选B。
18．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意:当你不记得的时候会更愉快;就像收到了一份意想不到的礼物。A. annying恼人的;B. ridiculus可笑的;C. pleasant令人愉悦的;D. cnvenient方便的。根据上文"I didn't even remember rdering anything, but I was still delighted by the pssibility. It's almst mre _____ when yu dn't remember"可知，作者不记得订购了什么，但是依然很高兴， 此处是进一步描述这种高兴的心情，指在不记得的情况下甚至会更愉快。故选C。
19．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:当你不记得的时候会更愉快;就像收到了一份意想不到的礼物。A. like喜欢;B. share分 享;C. return返回;D. expect期望。根据上文"when yu dn't remember"和"it's like receiving a gift"可知，此处是将在不记得订购 了什么的情况下收到包裹，和收到一份礼物作类比，应该是一份意想不到的礼物。故选D。
20．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:我赶紧打开门，担心他们可能会离开，但迎接我的却是一个来领取tzedakah(犹太传统的 慈善)的犹太人。A. greeted迎接;B. thanked感谢;C. caught捕捉;D. blamed责备。根据上文"I quickly pened the dr"和下 文"by a Jew wh came t cllect tzedakah (the Jewish traditin f charity)"可推知，此处是描述作者开门后的情景，他只看到了这样 一个犹太人，即被这个人迎接。故选A。
21．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意:令我失望的不仅是所期望的实物没有到达，而且是看到请求者。A. interested感兴趣的;B. disappinted失望的;C. embarrassed尴尬的;D. frightened害怕的。根据下文"if nly I hadn't pened the dr"可知，作者希望自己没开门，因此此时是感到失望。故选B。
22．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:令我失望的不仅是所期望的实物没有到达，而且是看到请求者。A. sight视觉;B. thught 思考;C. manner方式;D. wrk工作。根据上文"I quickly pened the dr, afraid they might leave, nly t be _____ by a Jew wh came t cllect tzedakah (the Jewish traditin f charity),"可知，作者开门后没见到送快递包裹的人，只看到了这样一个犹太人，此处指看到请求者，at the sight f意为“看见”。故选A。
23．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:我甚至想，要是我不那么匆忙就好了;要是我没开门就好了。A. mess混乱;B. panic恐 慌;C. cnflict冲突;D. rush匆忙。根据上文"I _____ ran dwnstairs."可知，作者是跑下楼梯的，此处指前面很匆忙。故选D。
24．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:我尽了自己的一份カ很有礼貌，但毫无热情。A. frce力量;B. enthusiasm热情;C. cnsciusness意识;D. hesitatin犹豫。根据上文"plitely but with little"可知，此处有转折，表示作者有礼貌地尽了自己的一份 力，但毫无热情。故选B。
25．答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我感到羞愧。A. ashamed羞愧的;B. bred无聊的;C. skeptical怀疑的;D. helpless无助的。根据上文"The recipient, n the ther hand, shwered me with blessings."可知，作者很冷淡，但是请求者给了作者无数的祝福，这让作者觉得羞愧。故选A。
26．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:为什么他，那个需要帮助的人，能够保持如此积极的态度?A. need需要;B. danger危险;C. pwer力量;D, fashin时尚。根据上文"a Jew wh came t cllect tzedakah (the Jewish traditin f charity)"可知，这个犹太 人是来领取传统的慈善，因此是需要帮助的人，in need表示"处于困境中，需要帮助"。故选A。
27．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意:为什么他，那个需要帮助的人，能够保持如此积极的态度? A. clear清楚的;B. ambiguus模棱两可的;C. psitive积极的;D. cautius谨慎的。根据上文"The recipient, n the ther hand, shwered me with blessings."可知，这个请求者给了作者无数的祝福，因此是有着积极的态度。故选C。
28．答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意:首先，我甚至不确定我是否订购了什么。A. srry抱歉的;B. cncerned关心的;C. happy快乐的;D. sure确定的。根据上文"I didn't even remember rdering anything"可知，作者不记得自己订购了什么，此处指不 确定是否订购了什么。故选D。
29．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:其次，即使我有，我真的认为物质的东西，不管它是什么，值得我感到如此兴奋吗?A. raised提高;B. lwered降低;C. deserved应得;D. indicated指示。根据上文"even if I had, did I really think that material item, whatever it might have been"和下文"the level f excitement I was feeling"可知，作者是在对自己的表现提出质疑，觉得物质的东西实际上不值得自己感到如此兴奋。故选C。
30．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:我知道它只是一件东西，一件最终会被遗忘或送走的东西，它不会给我意义或祝福。A. received收到;B. enjyed享受;C. frgtten忘记;D. bught购买。根据下文"r given away"可推知，此处指这件东西最终会被遗忘或送走。故选C。
31．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:第三，如果我与他人的需求如此保持距离，以至于无法理解他们的痛苦，将他们视为困扰，而不是一个去给予和鼓舞他人的机会，会怎么样呢?A. excused原谅;B. prtected保护;C. saved挽救; D. distanced保持距 离。根据上文"I made my cntributin—plitely but with little _____"可知，作者仅仅是有礼貌地尽了自己的一份力，因此是 与他人的需求保持距离。故选D。
32．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:第三，如果我与他人的需求如此保持距离，以至于无法理解他们的痛苦，将他们视为困 扰，而不是一个去给予和鼓舞他人的机会，会怎么样呢? A. relax放松; B. give给予;C. imprve改善;D. learn学习。根据上文叙述的那个请求者是来领取传统的慈善的，以及下文"t uplift thers"可推知，此处指这样一个去给予和鼓舞他人的机会。故选 B。
33．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:现在我知道我犯了个错误。A. friend朋友;B. difference区别; C. prmise承诺;D. mistake错误。根据下文"I realize hw unfriendly I was."可知，作者意识到自己是多么不友好，因此是知道自己犯了个错误。故选 D。
34．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:但至少我还有一点自我意识。A. self-awareness自我意识;B. self-cnfidence自信心;C. self-dependence自立;D. self-sacrifice牺牲。根据上文"It was time fr a little self-examinatin."可知，作者做了自我反省，因此是 还有一点自我意识。故选A。
35．答案：B
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意:我会传递一个发自内心的微笑。A. rely n依靠;B. pass n传递;C. make ut辨认;D. send up发射。根据下文"I'll greet all petitiners with lve and genersity."可知，作者将以爱和慷慨迎接所有请求者，因此是传递发自内心的微笑。故选B。
36．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段"There are thse rare museums fcused largely r entirely n the wrk f just ne persn. Thse senses can be all the richer when yu knw the museum is the artist's birthplace r netime hme.(有些罕见的博物馆大部分或全部专 注于一个人的作品。当你知道博物馆是艺术家的出生地或曾经的家时，这些感觉会更加丰富)"结合后文主要介绍了四个关于个人作品的博物馆。可知，这四个博物馆的共同之处在于都涉及到一个人的艺术作品。故选D。
37．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据Cyrus E. Dallin Art Museum部分中"His "Appeal t the Great Spirit", an example f the many sculptures Dallin made relating t Native Americans, stands in frnt f the Museum f Fine Arts.(他的"对伟大精神的呼吁"，是达林创作的许多与美洲原住民有关的雕塑中的一个例子，矗立在美术博物馆前面) "可知，Cyrus E. Dallin的艺术作品与印第安人有很大关系。故 选D。
38．答案：D
解析：]细节理解题。根据Nrman Rckwell Museum部分中"Kids 6 and under FREE, adults $20, students with ID: $10(6岁及以下 儿童免费，成人$20，学生凭身份证$10)"可知，如果一对夫妇带着他们上高中的孩子去看洛克威尔的艺术作品，他们要付 20+20+10=50美元。故选D。
39．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据Edward Grey Huse部分中"8 Strawberry Lane, Yarmuth Prt"以及"Edward Grey (1925-2000) was an artist, yes, but he was ther things as well: authr, playwright, set and cstume designer.(爱德华·戈里 (1925-2000)是个艺术家，没错，但他还有其他身份:作家、剧作家、布景和服装设计师"可知，如果你对舞台和服装感兴趣，你应该去8 Strawberry Lane, Yarmuth Prt。故选B。
40．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据Gilbert Stuart Birthplace and Museum部分中"401-294-3001"以及"His prtrait f Gerge Washingtn is the basis f the first president's image n the dllar bill. As ne f the early Republic's mst distinguished artists, Stuart painted mre than a thusand prtraits ver the curse f his career.(他为乔治华盛顿画的肖像是美国首任总统在美元钞票上的头像的基础。作为共和 早期最杰出的艺术家之一，斯图亚特在他的职业生涯中画了一千多幅肖像画) "可知，如果你想了解更多关于人物画的信息，应该拨打401-294-3001。故选A。
41．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段"S why des the mind mess with us and make unreasnable excuses? Because the mind w ants cmfrt, that's the reasn. It's afraid f discmfrt, pressure and change."(那么，为什 么大脑会搅乱我们，找不合理的借口呢?因为大脑需要舒适，这就是原因。它害怕不适、压力和改变)可知，我们大脑找借口的原因是它更倾向于寻求舒适而不是痛苦。故选A。
42．答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前的"The mind is absrbed in its cmfrt zne"可 知，我们的大脑被它的舒适区所吸引，这说明大脑不愿离开自己的舒适区，因此此处是说当大脑远离自己的舒适区时，它会不惜一切代价拼命地试图回到原点，由此可知此处的"原点"指的就是前面提到 的"舒适区"，故选C。
43．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段"Truth be tld, the nly persn wh tells yu "I can't" is yurself. If yu hear thse wrds eching in the back f yur mind, tune them ut. (说实话，唯一对你说“我不行”的人就是你自己。如果你听到这些话在你的脑海中回荡，那就把它们 关掉)可知，作者正在得知60岁的邻居完成了马拉松比赛后，感慨人们不应该让消极的想法妨碍自 己，不要对自己说"我不行"。故选D。
44．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二 段"Just dn't stay dwn; take a rest, and then pick yurself up s yu can g t where yu'd rather be."只是不要沮丧，休息一下，然后振作起来，去你想去的地方。可知，作者建议害怕失败的人试着调整一下自己，重新站起来，故选C。
45．答案：D
解析：目的意图题。根据最后一段"S make sme necessary adjustments t get rid f the bad habit f making excuses. Keep ging! N excuses!"(所以做一些必要的调整，摆 脱找借口的坏习惯。继续前进!不要找借口!)可 知，作者写这篇文章的是为了告诉读者不要再找借口，继续战斗，故选D。
46．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的"Nw, a study links drinking t many sugary beverages-and even 100% natural fruit juices- t an increased risk f early death.(现在，一项研究表明，喝太多含糖饮料甚至是100%天然果汁一会增加早死的风险) "可 知，即使喝太多纯天然果汁也会增加早死的风险，即喝太多纯天然果汁也不是一个健康的选择。故选D。
47．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的"Seven US cities, including New Yrk and mst recently Philadelphia, have levied(征收)taxes n sweetened drinks with added sugar in an effrt t reduce cnsumptin.(包括纽约和最近的费城在内的7个美国城市已经对添加糖的 加糖饮料征税，以减少消费)"可知，美国七个城市征收含糖饮料税是为了让人们更少的购买含糖饮料。故选B。
48．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段"Peple wh cnsumed 10% r mre f their daily calries as sugary beverages had a 44% greater risk f dying due t a heart disease and a 14% greater risk f an early death frm any cause cmpared with peple wh cnsumed less than 5% f their daily calries as sugary beverages, the study shwed. Each additinal 12-unce(盎司)serving f fruit juice per day was assciated with a 24% higher risk f death frm any cause, and each additinal 12-unce serving f sugary beverages per day was assciated with an 11% higher risk.(研究显示，与每天摄入不到5%卡路里的含糖饮料的人相比，每天从含糖饮料中摄入10%或更 多卡路里的人死于心脏病的风险高出44%，因任何原因过早死亡的风险高出14%。每天每多喝12盎司的果汁，任何原因导致的 死亡风险都会增加24%，每天每多喝12盎司的含糖饮料，风险都会增加11%)"推知，作者是通过作对比的方式向我们展示研究结 果的。故选A。
49．答案：C
解析：词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段的"Althugh fruit juices may nt be as harmful as sugar-sweetened beverages, their cnsumptin shuld be mderated in children and adults, especially fr individuals wh wish t cntrl their bdy weight(尽管果汁可能 不像含糖饮料那样有害，但儿童和成人应该mderated饮用果汁，尤其是那些希望控制体重的人)"中的althugh可知，上下文是 转折关系，即尽管果汁不像含糖饮料那样有害，但儿童和成人，尤其是那些希望控制体重的要减少果汁的摄入。由此猜测，划 线词意为"减少"，与reduce同义。故选C。
50．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段Jean Welsh的话"Given its vitamin and mineral cntent, fruit juice in small amunts may have a beneficial effect that isn't seen with sdas and ther sugar-sweetened beverages.(考虑到果汁的维生素和矿物质含量，少量果汁可能 会有苏打水和其他含糖饮料所没有的有益作用) "推知，果汁只建议少量饮用。故选C。
51．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的 Much f the advancement in machine learning is due t the fact that it's nt far remved frm ur daily lives.(机器学习的进步很大程度上是因 为它离我们的日常生活不远。)可知，机器学习进 步的主要原因是它与我们日常生活的联系紧密。故 选A。
52．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的 He als pinted ut that "media has built unrealistic expectatins in the minds f the general public when it cmes t Al, where in fact, machine learning algrithms are still generally develped fr narrwly defined purpses. " (他还指出，"在谈到人工智能时，媒体在公众心中建立了不切实际的期望，事实上，机器学习算法通常仍是 为狭隘的目的而开发的。")可知，从凯恩的话中，人工智能现在的能力可能被高估了。故选B。
53．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的 Cgit was funded with the missin f helping humans cmmunicate with mre emtinal intelligence. (Cgit成立的宗旨是帮助人们以更高 的情商交流。)可知，Cgit成立是为了让人类在 对话中更有情商。故选C。
54．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的 Presently, it helps individuals acrss enterprise level rganizatins, mainly in the insurance, healthcare and financial service industries, create strnger custmer service utcmes with the help f the Cgit Al cach、(目前，它 在Cgit人工智能教练的帮助下，帮助企业级组织 (主要是保险、医疗保健和金融服务行业)的个人 创建更强大的客户服务成果。)可知，Cgit的AI 技术主要应用在服务行业。故选D。
55．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段 Lking t the future, Cgit's CEO and c- funder, Jshua Feast, sees an pprtunity t wn the Al caching space.AI caches guide humans t imprve their individual and team perfrmance, resulting in a mre prductive, emtinally intelligent and successful wrkfrce.(展望未来，Cgit的首席执行官兼联合创始人 Jshua Feast看到了拥有人工智能教练领域的机 会。人工智能教练指导人类提高个人和团队表现， 从而形成更高效、情商更高、更成功的员工队伍。)可知，关于Cgit的人工智能技术，我们可 以推断出它似乎有一个光明的未来。故选B。
56．答案：It cnsidered the wearer’s/wearers’ health./It can imprve the wearer’s health./Imprving the wearer’s health.
57．答案： Cl and cmfrtable.
58．答案： It helps imprve their perfrmance.
59．答案： Lasting/Permanent/Durable
60．答案： I will buy ne, because it desn’t need t wash frequently, resists bad smells and is beneficial t my health.
61．答案：
Dear Henry,
I am the mnitr f yur new class. And I’m writing t welcme yu t be ne f the members f Class 2, Grade 3 n behalf f all the students in ur class.
Our schl is a famus key Senir High Schl in the city, here n schl days students have eight classes like Chinese, English and s n. And there are 25 bts and 21 girls wh are bth hard-wrking and friendly. Whenever yu have any prblem, dn’t hesitate t ask us fr help. Each f u is willing t help yu. And we are ging t becme gd friends sn.
Wish yu have a gd time in ur class.