江西省重点中学2023届高三下学期第二次联考英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份江西省重点中学2023届高三下学期第二次联考英语试卷(含答案)，共23页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，短文改错，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
One f the mst beautiful and fantastic destinatins t visit is a beach. The tranquility and cmfrt at the beach are unmatched. It is hard t list the tp beaches in the wrld because turists have diverse tastes. This article highlights sme f the mst grgeus beaches t visit in the wrld.
Nungwi Beach, Tanzania:
Nungwi is a ppular beach lcatin n the Tanzanian island f Zanzibar, lcated at the island’s nrthwestern tip. Nungwi Beach has beautiful features such as lvely clean waves frm smething like the Indian Ocean and smth whites and. It is als knwn fr its crystal blue waters and extic flra and fauna. It has amazing sunset views, and all restaurants and clubs n the beach are pen until late hurs. On the pwdery sand, yu can take in the cean scenery while participating in ther beach activities.
White-haven Beach, Queensland, Australia:
The largest beach in the Whitsundays is White-haven; this grgeus beach is incmparable in Australia. This beach has beautiful whites and that is 98 percent pure silica. It makes the sand incredibly smth and delicate. Even n days when the weather is very ht, walking bareft is cmfrtable because it desn’t absrb heat like ther types f sand beaches d. Travelers really d need t take the pprtunity t visit this beach.
Pink Sand Beach, Harbur Island, The Bahamas:
On Harbur Island in the Bahamas is the pinks and beach. Because f its pink sands, this beach is very attractive and unique. A micrscpic rganism with a reddish-pink shell knwn as a framinifera (有孔虫类) is the surce f the pinks and beach’s clr n Harbur Island in the Bahamas. Swimming in this beach is slightly safer because the blue water in this area is usually calm and shallw due t the prtectin prvided by the surrunding beaches.
1．What can we learn abut the three beaches?
A. Nungwi Beach is famus nly fr its clean waves.
B. Yu can enjy late night activities n White-haven Beach.
C. Amng the three beaches, Pink Sand Beach is the mst attractive.
D. It still feels gd t walk bareft n White-haven Beach even n ht days.
2．What made the Pink Sand Beach special?
A. Its pink sands and cling weather.B. Its pink and smth sands.
C. Its pink sands and less dangerus water.D. Its pink sands and blue water.
3．Where can the text be fund?
A. In an advertisement.B. In a travel brchure.
C. In a gegraphy bk.D. In a fashin magazine
In 2018, Su Yiming, a 14-year-ld native f nrth easter China, was faced with a difficult decisin: Pursue a prmising career as an actr, r cast it aside and g all in n snwbarding, in a cuntry where mst peple had never seen a snwbard. At the time, Su was fast becming an established name in China’s film industry. He had starred as a village by seeking revenge fr his father’s death in a critically acclaimed war mvie, and appeared in several mre televisin dramas.
But with the 2022 Winter Olympics appraching, the teenager saw an pprtunity. “Snwbarding was smething I enjyed the mst, and this was a chance t take part in my wn hme cuntry,” said Su, then 17. Su’s gamble (冒险) paid ff. Three days shrt f his 18th birthday, Su tk gld in the big air snwbarding event, writing histry fr the Olympic hst natin by winning the cuntry’s first gld medal in the event. “It’s my happiest mment when I stand n the snwbard. N matter hw lng I train, even fr seven r eight hurs in a rw, jy t me. Lve is what has been supprting me all the time.” Su said.
“I had always dreamed abut what it wuld be like t stand n the pdium (领奖台) f the Olympics, and tday, I did it,” Su said. Tgether with the freestyle skier Gu Ailing, wh is ne year his senir, Su is amng the mst ppular athletes fr the Olympic hst natin.
In an interview with media, Su’s father said his sn always had an affinity with snw, a cnnectin that began the day his sn was brn in February 2004. “There was a heavy snwstrm that day. Cars culdn’t mve n the streets,” the father recalled. Sus father said his sn lved snwbarding s much that, even in elementary schl, the yunger Su wuld set aside three days a week t train.
4．What d we knw abut Su Yiming?
A. He used t be a famus child actr.B. He had a miserable childhd.
C. He tk gld n his eighteenth birthday.D. He is senir t Gu Ailing by ne year.
5．Which f the fllwing best describes Su Yiming?
A. Smart and sensitiveB. Diligent and hnest
C. Enthusiastic and determinedD. Adventurus and stubbrn
6．What can we infer frm Su’s father’s wrds?
A. Su was brn t be assciated with snw.
B. Su was caught in a snwstrm when he was brn.
C. Su trained fur days a week in elementary schl.
D. Su was influenced by his father’s cnnectin with snw.
7．What lessn can we get frm Su’s stry?
A. Rme is nt built in a day.
B. Cnstant dripping wears away a stne.
C. Nthing is impssible if yu put yur heart int it.
D. Passin and desire can pave the way fr dream realizatin.
The last Wednesday in August marks Spain’s messiest festival. Held in Buñl, 40km west f Valencia, La Tmatina is a tmat-thrwing spectacle that draws mre than 20, 000 turists each year.
There are a number f stries related t its beginning f this festival but n ne knws fr sure the exact rigin. One stry states a fight between the lcals and the city cuncilmen ver an issue, frced the lcals t thrw tmates at the cuncilmen. The event smehw transfrmed frm a methd t display anger t ne f fun and entertainment and year after year, the “tmat fight” began t attract the public f Buñl.
On the day f the festival, trucks arrive at the center f twn, carrying trucklads f tmates belnging t the relatively cheaper kind. The trucks then empty the tmates n the streets t be picked up by the participants. The tmat-thrwing ften starts at abut 11 a. m. Peple pick up the tmates n the streets, thrwing tmates at each ther. Certain rules apply during this perid. Peple are expected t squash the tmates befre thrwing t minimize the chances f injury and n ther bjects except fr tmates can be used in the play. After the tmat thrwing ends, cleaning peratins begin. The twn authrities get busy cleaning the streets while lcal residents ften help the turists clean themselves with water frm pipes. Many take dips in lcals’ pls and rivers t clean themselves.
Over the past years, turists in Buñl have heavily increased due t the increasing ppularity f La Tmatina. Hwever, such a huge gathering in a small twn center is believed t be a risk t peple. This has frced the gvernment t regulate the number f participants at the festival t 20,000. An entry fee has als been charged while free passes are kept fr the lcals. Safety fficials, plice frces and ambulance services are als kept ready t meet any emergency needs during the festival.
8．Which f the fllwing is true abut La Tmatina?
A. It is an internatinal event celebrated each year.
B. It riginates frm a fight amng the cuncilmen.
C. There are varius ways t celebrate it nwadays.
D. N ne knws when and why it was celebrated first.
9．What rule are the participants suppsed t fllw?
A. Using ther bjects besides tmates.
B. Emptying the tmates frm the trucks.
C. Squashing the tmates befre thrwing.
D. Cleaning the streets after the tmat fight.
10．Why did the gvernment cntrl the number f the participants?
A. T reduce the waste f fresh tmates.
B. T ensure the safety f peple present.
C. T meet increasing emergency needs.
D. T respnd t the request frm lcal residents.
11．What is the best title fr the text?
A. La Tmatina — a unique annual festival.
B. Buñl, Spain — an appealing travel destinatin.
C. Tmat Fight — a special cultural phenmenn.
D. Tmat-thrwing — away f displaying anger.
If yu cnsider yurself reasnably intelligent and educated, yu might assume that yu have a fair grasp n the cre ways the wrld wrks. Nw, think abut the fllwing questins: Hw are rainbws frmed? Why can sunny days be clder than cludy days? Hw des a helicpter fly? When it cmes t giving a detailed answer t these questins, mst peple are cmpletely stumped — just as yu maybe, t.
This bias is knwn as an “illusin (幻觉) f knwledge”. Yu may think that these specific examples are the kinds f questins, after all, that a child might ask yu, where the wrst cnsequence maybe a red face in frnt f yur family. But illusins f knwledge can affect ur judgement in many dmains. Further research has shwn that having nline resurces at ur fingertips may feed ur vercnfidence, as we mistake the wealth f knwledge n the Internet fr ur wn memries.
These illusins f knwledge can have imprtant cnsequences. Overcnfidence in yur knwledge may mean that yu prepare less fr an interview r presentatin. Overcnfidence maybe a particular prblem when yu are aiming fr prmtin. When bserving peple frm a far, yu might assume yu knw what the jb takes, and that yu have already absrbed the necessary skills. Once yu have started the jb, hwever, yu may discver that there was much mre t the rle than met the eye.
What can peple d t avid these traps? One slutin is simple: Test yurself. If yu are appraising yur capacity t perfrm an unfamiliar task, fr instance, dn’t just rely n a vague idea f what it wuld invlve Instead, take a bit mre time t think carefully thrugh the steps that yu wuld have t take t achieve the gal. Yu may find that there are huge gaps in yur knwledge that yu need t fill befre yu put yurself frward.
Given the ptential f technlgical crutches t inflate cnfidence in yur knwledge, yu culd als check yur nline habits. Yu culd briefly pause and try yur hardest t remember a fact befre starting an Internet search. It requires a willingness t be puzzled. Yu have t feel yur ignrance, which can be uncmfrtable.
12．What des the underlined wrd “stumped” in paragraph 1 prbably mean?
A. frightenedB. cnfusedC. thrilledD. astnished
13．Accrding t further study, why d we feel t cnfident?
A. We take the nline infrmatin as ur wn knwledge.
B. We cnsider the nline infrmatin specific.
C. We acknwledge the Internet t be cnvenient.
D. We assume the Internet t be rich in knwledge.
14．What is the main idea f the third paragraph?
A. The preparatin fr an interview.B. Necessary skills in hunting a jb.
C. A special prblem f prmtin.D. Results f “illusin f knwledge”
15．What is the purpse f the passage?
A. T entertain readers with interesting questins.
B. T shw readers hw t test their wn capacity.
C. T intrduce the “illusin f knwledge” t readers.
D. T cnvince readers f the imprtance f cnfidence.
二、七选五
16．Years f bserving peple at cllege and at wrk have led us t discver sme specific reasns why many peple are unable t learn quickly and efficiently. ① _________ .
Struggle t Start Learning Smething Frm Scratch
As yu’ve prbably experienced yurself, smetimes when wanting t learn smething new, ② _________ . Fr example, yu might have wanted t learn hw t play chess, but didn’t knw the best way t start this. S yu tried learning frm multiple surces at the same time: bks, vides, friends and family members.
The prblem with this scattered apprach is that yu will find it hard t fcus and yu’ll inevitably be given cnflicting advice ― which is unhelpful when yu’re starting ut.
③ _________
Think back fr a mment t when yu were at schl. I’m sure there were endless times when yu were taught things by teachers nly fr yu t frget the infrmatin within weeks, days r even minutes!
And f curse, ④ _________ . Hw many times have yu been in meetings where imprtant things have been said nly fr half the attendees t frget the details sn after the meeting cncluded?
Struggle t Put What Yu’ve Learned Int Practice
⑤ _________ . They spend all their time learning thery, but never put anything int practice.
Fr example, cnsider fr a mment hw peple learn t ride a bicycle. In mst cases, a parent r elder sibling wuld tell yu the steps yu need t take t successfully get n and begin riding a bike. Hwever, it’s nly when yu attempt t ride a bike fr the first time that the real learning begins!
A. Struggle t Recall What Yu’ve Learned
B. yu find yurself nt knwing where t start
C. Here are sme tips fr yu t vercme learning blckers
D. this prblem cntinues frm educatin int the wrkplace
E. yu are nt the nly ne wh tends t frget what yu’ve learned
F. See if yu can spt yurself in any r all f these learning blckers
G. This is ne f the mst cmmn reasns fr peple failing t learn new things
三、完形填空（20空）
In a small Italian twn, hundreds f years ag, a small business wner brrwed a large sum f mney frm a lan-shark. The lan-shark was a clumsy, 1 lking guy that just happened t 2 the business wner’s daughter.
He decided t ffer the businessman a 3 that he wuld cmpletely wipe ut the debt the businessman 4 him. Hwever, the catch was that he wuld nly wipe ut the debt if he culd 5 the businessman’s daughter. The lan-shark said that he wuld 6 tw pebbles int a bag, ne white and ne black. The daughter wuld then have t 7 a pebble. If it was black, the debt wuld be 8 , but the lan-shark wuld then marry her. If it was white, the debt wuld als be ignred, but the daughter wuldn’t have t marry the lan-shark.
Standing n a pebble-strewn path in the businessman’s garden, the lan-shark bent ver and 9 tw pebbles. When he was snatching them up, the daughter 10 that he’d put tw black pebbles int the bag. He then asked the daughter t pick ne. The 11 daughter naturally knew what she wuld d:
She 12 ut a pebble frm the bag, and befre lking at it 13 drpped it int the midst f the ther pebbles. She said t the lan-shark, “Oh, hw clumsy f me. Never mind, if yu lk int the bag fr the ne that is 14 , yu will be able t 15 which pebble I picked.” The pebble left in the bag is bviusly black. 16 , because the lan-shark didn’t want t be 17 , he had t play alng 18 the pebble the daughter drpped was white, and wiped her father’s debt.
It’s always pssible t vercme a 19 situatin thrugh ut f the bx thinking, and nt 20 the nly ptins yu think yu have t pick frm.
17．A. charmingB. rdinaryC. unattractiveD. strange
18．A. fancyB. envyC. rejectD. ignre
19．A. methdB. dealC. remarkD. cmmand
20．A. lentB. brrwedC. fferedD. wed
21．A. marryB. cnsultC. meetD. mdel
22．A. placeB. slideC. takeD. bury
23．A. carry utB. reach frC. lk frD. watch ut
24．A. reducedB. increasedC. clearedD. multiplied
25．A. swept upB. picked upC. tk awayD. brke away
26．A. dubtedB. imaginedC. reflectedD. nticed
27．A. mdyB. adrableC. cleverD. greedy
28．A. lkedB. drewC. triedD. burst
29．A. intentinallyB. carefullyC. angrilyD. anxiusly
30．A. layB. lstC. gneD. left
31．A. infrmB. watchC. tellD. admit
32．A. CnsequentlyB. OtherwiseC. TherefreD. Hwever
33．A. declinedB. scldedC. expsedD. cndemned
34．A. as ifB. even thughC. in caseD. nw that
35．A. cmmnB. currentC. familiarD. tugh
36．A. lk ut frB. give intC. let g fD. cme up with
四、短文填空
37．China is already at wrk n develping an even faster bullet train, which will be knwn① _________ the CR 450, accrding t a natinal plitical adviser.
Zha Hngwei, chief researcher f the China Academy f Railway Sciences, tld China Daily the mre② _________ (advance) mdel, which has a tp perating speed f 400 kilmeters per hur and the ptential③ _________ (reach) speed f up t 450 km/h, will sn be unveiled.
“By the time the CR450④ _________ (cme) int peratin, the natinal railway netwrk will have been extended t 165,000 km, 50,000 km f⑤ _________ will be high-speed lines.” Zha said. “We have n⑥ _________ (refer) frm ther cuntries t wrk frm, s we have t be pineers and find the slutins needed t build a train capable f a speed f 400 km/h.”
The nise level at this speed is capped (以……为上限) at 3 decibels higher than⑦ _________ n a train traveling at 350 km/h, which is as fast as current highspeed trains can run in China. Zha als called fr imprving the standards system fr railways and⑧ _________ (prmte) internatinal recgnitin f the system’s safety certificatin.
As⑨ _________ result f significant prgress and majr breakthrughs⑩ _________ (achieve) in a shrt perid, China has the mst cmprehensive technlgy and the widest railway management experience in the wrld, accrding t China State Railway Grup.
五、短文改错
38．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last week, a grup f internatinal students visit ur schl. T help them better understanding ur tea-drinking culture, we tk them t the tearm in ur schl, which I intrduced the histry f tea-making and different kinds f tea. All the internatinal students were quite interested in ur intrductin. Then I shwed them hw t make tea. I sat n a table, explain every step f the prcess while making tea. All f them were amazed. They culdn’t wait t have try fr them. Sn the tearm became live with every internatinal student trying t make their wn tea. We had a lt f funs, practicing, and enjying the tea. In the end, we tk up a grup pht, with cups r tea in ur hands, t recrd this unfrgettable experience.
六、书面表达
39．2023年5月4日是第74个青年节“Chinese Yuth Day”，你校将以“青春”为话题举行演讲比赛，请你就该话题写一篇演讲稿，要点如下：
1.你对青春的理解；
2.如何成为更好的自己；
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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参考答案
1．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据White-haven Beach, Queensland, Australia:部分中“Even n days when the weather is very ht, walking bareft is cmfrtable because it desn’t absrb heat like ther types f sand beaches d.(即使在天气很热的日子里，赤脚走路也很舒服，因为它不像其他类型的沙滩那样吸收热量)”可知，即使在大热天赤脚走在白天堂海滩上也感觉很好。故选D。
2．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Pink Sand Beach, Harbur Island, The Bahamas:部分中“Because f its pink sands, this beach is very attractive and unique.(因为它的粉色沙子，这个海滩非常有吸引力和独特)”和“Swimming in this beach is slightly safer because the blue water in this area is usually calm and shallw due t the prtectin prvided by the surrunding beaches.(在这个海滩游泳稍微安全一些，因为由于周围海滩的保护，这个地区的蓝色海水通常是平静而浅的)”可知，粉红沙滩的特殊之处在于其粉色的沙子和相对安全的水域，故选C。
3．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“This article highlights sme f the mst grgeus beaches t visit in the wrld.(这篇文章重点介绍了世界上最美丽的海滩)”可知，文章主要介绍了一些世界上最美丽的海滩，是有关旅游的，应是出自一本旅游手册，故选B。
4．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“At the time, Su was fast becming an established name in China’s film industry. He had starred as a village by seeking revenge fr his father’s death in a critically acclaimed war mvie, and appeared in several mre televisin dramas. (当时，苏很快成为中国电影界的知名人物。他曾在一部广受好评的战争电影中饰演一个为父亲复仇的乡村男孩，还出演了几部电视剧。)”可知苏翊鸣曾经是个著名的童星。故选A。
5．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“But with the 2022 Winter Olympics appraching, the teenager saw an pprtunity. “Snwbarding was smething I enjyed the mst, and this was a chance t take part in my wn hme cuntry,” said Su, then 17. Su’s gamble (冒险) paid ff. (当时17岁的苏说：“单板滑雪是我最喜欢的运动，这是一个在我自己的祖国参加冬奥会的机会。”苏赌赢了。)”可知苏是有决心的，以及下文““It’s my happiest mment when I stand n the snwbard. N matter hw lng I train, even fr seven r eight hurs in a rw, jy t me. Lve is what has been supprting me all the time.” Su said. (“站在滑雪板上是我最开心的时刻。无论我训练多长时间，即使是连续七八个小时，我都很高兴。对这项运动的热爱一直支持着我。”苏说。)”可知苏非常热爱单板滑雪这项运动，故选C。
6．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“In an interview with media, Su’s father said his sn always had an affinity with snw, a cnnectin that began the day his sn was brn in February 2004. “There was a heavy snwstrm that day. Cars culdn’t mve n the streets,” the father recalled. Sus father said his sn lved snwbarding s much that, even in elementary schl, the yunger Su wuld set aside three days a week t train. (在接受媒体采访时，苏的父亲表示，他的儿子一直与雪有着密切的联系，这种联系始于2004年2月他儿子出生的那一天。“那天下了一场暴风雪。汽车不能在街上行驶，”父亲回忆道。苏的父亲说，他的儿子非常喜欢单板滑雪，甚至在小学的时候，小苏每周都会抽出三天的时间来训练。)”可推断苏一出生就和雪联系在一起。故选A。
7．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。通读全文，尤其第二段“But with the 2022 Winter Olympics appraching, the teenager saw an pprtunity. “Snwbarding was smething I enjyed the mst, and this was a chance t take part in my wn hme cuntry,” said Su, then 17. Su’s gamble (冒险) paid ff. Three days shrt f his 18th birthday, Su tk gld in the big air snwbarding event, writing histry fr the Olympic hst natin by winning the cuntry’s first gld medal in the event. “It’s my happiest mment when I stand n the snwbard. N matter hw lng I train, even fr seven r eight hurs in a rw, jy t me. Lve is what has been supprting me all the time.” Su said. (但随着2022年冬奥会的临近，这位少年看到了一个机会。当时17岁的苏说：“单板滑雪是我最喜欢的运动，这是一个在我自己的祖国参加冬奥会的机会。”苏赌赢了。离他18岁生日还有三天，苏在大型空中单板滑雪项目中获得金牌，为奥运主办国赢得了该国在该项目上的第一枚金牌，创造了历史。“站在滑雪板上是我最开心的时刻。无论我训练多长时间，即使是连续七八个小时，我都很高兴。对这项运动的热爱一直支持着我。”苏说。) ”可知对滑雪板的激情和热爱是他实现奥运会冠军梦想的基础，故选D。
8．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。由第二段中的“There are a number f stries related t its beginning f this festival but n ne knws fr sure the exact rigin. One stry states a fight between the lcals and the city cuncilmen ver an issue, frced the lcals t thrw tmates at the cuncilmen. (有很多故事与这个节日的开始有关，但没有人确切知道它确切的起源。有一个故事说，当地人和市议员之间因为一个问题发生了争执，迫使当地人向市议员扔西红柿)”可知，关于番茄大战，没有人知道它是何时以及为什么首先被庆祝的。故选D项。
9．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的“Peple are expected t squash the tmates befre thrwing t minimize the chances f injury and n ther bjects except fr tmates can be used in the play. (人们应该在投掷前将西红柿压扁，以最大限度地减少受伤的机会，除西红柿外，游戏中不得使用其他物体)”可知，参与者应该遵守“扔西红柿之前先把西红柿压扁”的规则。故选C项。
10．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。由最后一段中的“Hwever, such a huge gathering in a small twn center is believed t be a risk t peple. This has frced the gvernment t regulate the number f participants at the festival t 20,000. (然而，在一个小镇中心举行如此大规模的集会被认为对人们来说是一种风险。这迫使政府将节日的参与者人数限制在2万人以内)”和“Safety fficials, plice frces and ambulance services are als kept ready t meet any emergency needs during the festival. (安全官员、警察部队和救护车服务部门也随时准备满足节日期间的任何紧急需求)”可知，政府要控制参与者的数量是因为要确保在场人员的安全。故选B项。
11．答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。由第一段中的“Held in Buñl, 40km west f Valencia, La Tmatina is a tmat-thrwing spectacle that draws mre than 20, 000 turists each year. (番茄大战在巴伦西亚以西40公里的布尼奥尔举行，是一场投掷番茄的奇观，每年吸引超过2万名游客)”和下文关于番茄大战的活动内容可知，文章主要介绍西班牙一年一度的番茄大战的相关情况。由此可知，A项“番茄大战——一个独特的年度节日”适合作本文最佳标题。故选A项。
12．答案：B
解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段“This bias is knwn as an “illusin (幻觉) f knwledge”. Yu may think that these specific examples are the kinds f questins, after all, that a child might ask yu, where the wrst cnsequence maybe a red face in frnt f yur family. (这种偏见被称为“知识幻觉”。你可能会认为这些具体的例子是孩子可能会问你的问题，而最糟糕的后果可能是在你的家人面前脸红。)”可推断上文意思是大多数人都会被那些问题难住了——就像你一样，所以可推测 “stumped” 意为“难住”，A. frightened使害怕；B. cnfused使困惑；C. thrilled激动；D. astnished使惊讶，故选B。
13．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。 根据第二段“Further research has shwn that having nline resurces at ur fingertips may feed ur vercnfidence, as we mistake the wealth f knwledge n the Internet fr ur wn memries. (进一步的研究表明，唾手可得的网络资源可能会助长我们的过度自信，因为我们把互联网上的知识财富误认为是我们自己的记忆。)”可知，进一步的研究表明了我们把网上的信息当作自己的知识。故选A。
14．答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。通读全段，尤其第一句“These illusins f knwledge can have imprtant cnsequences. (这些对知识的幻觉会产生重要的结果。)”可知，第三段主要讲述“知识幻觉”的结果。故选D。
15．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。通读全文。尤其第二段第一句“This bias is knwn as an “illusin (幻觉) f knwledge”. (这种偏见被称为“知识幻觉”。)”，第三段第一句“These illusins f knwledge can have imprtant cnsequences. (这些对知识的错觉会产生重要的结果。) ”和第四段第一句“What can peple d t avid these traps? (人们怎样才能避免这些陷阱呢？)”可知，文章主要介绍了知识幻觉以及它的后果和如何避免这样的问题。故选C。
16．答案：①-⑤FBADG
解析：①分析语篇可知，此空处应是引出下文，根据上文中的“Years f bserving peple at cllege and at wrk have led us t discver sme specific reasns why many peple are unable t learn quickly and efficiently.(通过对大学和工作中人们的多年观察，我们发现了许多人无法快速有效地学习的一些具体原因)”可知，多年研究发现一些人们不能快速有效地学习的具体原因，由此可推断，此空处与“不能高效地学习”有关系，F选项“See if yu can spt yurself in any r all f these learning blckers(看看你是否能发现自己在这些学习障碍中)”讲述的是让读者看一下是否自己学习有下列的学习障碍，引出下文，同时内容与上文一致。故选F项。
②根据空后的“Fr example, yu might have wanted t learn hw t play chess, but didn’t knw the best way t start this.(例如，你可能想学习如何下棋，但不知道如何开始)”可知，想下棋却不知道哪一步开始走最好，根据“fr example”可知，此空处应与所举的例子内容一致，为“做一件事情不知如何开始”，B选项“yu find yurself nt knwing where t start(你发现自己不知道从哪里开始)”讲述的内容与空后内容吻合，且与本段主题句“Struggle t Start Learning Smething Frm Scratch(努力从头开始学习)”一致。故选B项。
③分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的主题句，与其他段落主题句均应为祈使句，根据空后的“Think back fr a mment t when yu were at schl.(回想一下你在学校的时候)”可知，本段讲述的内容应与“回忆过去”相关，A选项“Struggle t Recall What Yu’ve Learned(努力回忆你学到的东西)”概括了本段的内容，且为祈使句。故选A项。
④根据上一段中的“I’m sure there were endless times when yu were taught things by teachers nly fr yu t frget the infrmatin within weeks, days r even minutes!(我敢肯定，有无数次，老师教你的东西，结果你在几周、几天甚至几分钟内就忘记了！)”可知，此处讲述的是回忆的是在上学时的情景，而空后“Hw many times have yu been in meetings where imprtant things have been said nly fr half the attendees t frget the details sn after the meeting cncluded?(你有多少次参加过这样的会议:重要的事情被说了出来，只有一半的与会者在会议结束后不久就忘记了细节？)”讲述的内容是参加会议的情况，由此可知，此空处应为过渡句，将话题进入空后内容，D选项“this prblem cntinues frm educatin int the wrkplace(这个问题从教育延续到工作场所)”讲述的是这种问题从受教育持续到了工作，起到了承上启下的作用，符合题意。故选D项。
⑤根据本段主题句“Struggle t Put What Yu’ve Learned Int Practice(努力将所学知识付诸实践)”可知，很多人在努力将所学付诸实践，结合空后“They spend all their time learning thery, but never put anything int practice.(他们把所有的时间都花在学习理论上，但从不把任何东西付诸实践)”可知，他们把时间都用在学习理论上，却没有实践任何东西，G选项“This is ne f the mst cmmn reasns fr peple failing t learn new things(这是人们无法学习新事物的最常见原因之一)”中的this指代内容与主题句内容一致，且空后内容解释了“他们不学习新知识的原因”，所以G选项内容起到了一个过渡的作用。故选G项。
17．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：放高利贷者是一个笨手笨脚、长相难看的家伙，恰好看上了企业主的女儿。A. charming迷人的；B. rdinary普通的；C. unattractive难看的；D. strange奇怪的。呼应上文的“The lan-shark was a clumsy”可知，放高利贷者是一个笨手笨脚、长相难看的家伙。故选C项。
18．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：放高利贷者是一个笨手笨脚、长相难看的家伙，恰好看上了企业主的女儿。A. fancy爱慕(异性)；B. envy羡慕；C. reject拒绝；D. ignre忽视。由下文的“but the lan-shark wuld then marry her (但放高利贷者会娶她)”可知，放高利贷者恰好看上了企业主的女儿。故选A项。
19．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他决定向这位商人提供一笔交易，他会彻底清除这位商人欠他的债务。A. methd方法；B. deal交易；C. remark评论；D. cmmand命令。由下文的“he wuld cmpletely wipe ut the debt”可知，放高利贷者想和商人做交易。故选B项。
20．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他决定向这位商人提供一笔交易，他会彻底清除这位商人欠他的债务。A. lent借出；B. brrwed借入；C. ffered提供；D. wed欠。由上文的“a small business wner brrwed a large sum f mney frm a lan-shark (一位小企业主向放高利贷者借了一大笔钱)”可知，商人欠放高利贷者一大笔钱。故选D项。
21．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，问题是，只有当他能娶到这位商人的女儿时，他才会清除债务。A. marry娶；B. cnsult咨询；C. meet遇见；D. mdel模型。不管鹅卵石是什么颜色，债务都会被清除，区别在于放高利贷者是否娶商人的女儿。由此可知，放高利贷者能娶到这位商人的女儿时，他会清除商人欠他的债务。故选A项。
22．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：放高利贷者说，他会把两块鹅卵石放进一个袋子里，一块是白色的，另一块是黑色的。A. place放置；B. slide滑动；C. take带走；D. bury埋葬。由下文的“tw pebbles int a bag”和“he’d put tw black pebbles int the bag (他在袋子里放了两块黑色的鹅卵石)”可知，此处指把两块鹅卵石放进一个袋子里。故选A项。
23．答案：B
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后，女儿不得不伸手去拿一块鹅卵石。A. carry ut实施；B. reach fr伸手去取；C. lk fr寻找；D. watch ut小心。不管鹅卵石是什么颜色，债务都会被清除，区别在于放高利贷者是否娶商人的女儿，女儿不得不伸手去拿一块鹅卵石，看最终结果，呼应下文“He then asked the daughter t pick ne. (然后他让商人的女儿选一个)”。故选B项。
24．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果是黑色的，债务就会还清，但放高利贷者会娶她。A. reduced减少；B. increased增加；C. cleared清除；D. multiplied成倍增加。由下文的“If it was white, the debt wuld als be ignred, but the daughter wuldn’t have t marry the lan-shark. (如果是白色的，债务也会被忽略，但女儿不必嫁给高利贷者)”可知，不管鹅卵石是什么颜色，债务都会被清除，区别在于放高利贷者是否娶商人的女儿。故选C项。
25．答案：B
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：放高利贷者站在商人花园里一条布满鹅卵石的小路上，弯下腰捡起了两块鹅卵石。A. swept up打扫；B. picked up捡起；C. tk away拿走；D. brke away挣脱。由上文的“Standing n a pebble-strewn path in the businessman’s garden, the lan-shark bent ver”可知，此处指放高利贷者弯腰捡起了两块鹅卵石，来做交易。故选B项。
26．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他把它们抓起来的时候，女儿注意到他在袋子里放了两块黑色的鹅卵石。A. dubted怀疑；B. imagined想象；C. reflected反映；D. nticed注意到。由下文的“he’d put tw black pebbles int the bag”可知，女儿注意到放高利贷者耍诈——在袋子里放了两块黑色的鹅卵石。故选D项。
27．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：聪明的女儿自然知道自己会做什么：A. mdy令人悲伤的；B. adrable可爱的；C. clever聪明的；D. greedy贪婪的。由下文语境可知，商人的女儿识破了骗局，成功地为自己和父亲夺回了自由，可得出她非常聪明。故选C项。
28．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：她从袋子里拿出一块鹅卵石，在看之前故意把它扔到其他鹅卵石中间。A. lked看；B. drew抽出；C. tried尝试；D. burst爆发。呼应上文的“He then asked the daughter t pick ne. (然后他让商人的女儿选一个)”可知，商人的女儿从袋子里拿出一块鹅卵石。故选B项。
29．答案：A
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：她从袋子里拿出一块鹅卵石，在看之前故意把它扔到其他鹅卵石中间。A. intentinally有意地；B. carefully认真地；C. angrily生气地；D. anxiusly焦虑地。由上文语境可知，放高利贷者在袋子里放了两块黑色的鹅卵石，其目的在于娶到商人的女儿，商人的女儿识破了骗局，想要摆脱此种困境，所以在看鹅卵石颜色之前故意把它扔到其他鹅卵石中间。故选A项。
30．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：没关系，如果你在袋子里找剩下的那块，你就能分辨出我选了哪块鹅卵石。A. lay躺；B. lst失去；C. gne去；D. left离开。由上文语境和下文的“The pebble left in the bag (袋子里剩下的鹅卵石)”可知，商人的女儿已经取出了一块鹅卵石，袋子里还剩下一块鹅卵石。故选D项。
31．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：没关系，如果你在袋子里找剩下的那块，你就能分辨出我选了哪块鹅卵石。A. infrm通知；B. watch看；C. tell辨别；D. admit承认。由上文语境可知，如果鹅卵石是黑色的，债务就会还清，但高利贷者会娶商人的女儿；如果是白色的，债务也会被忽略，但女儿不必嫁给放高利贷者，商人的女儿已经取出了一块鹅卵石，袋子里还剩下一块鹅卵石，通过剩下鹅卵石的颜色即可辨别出她取出鹅卵石的颜色是什么。故选C项。
32．答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，由于放高利贷者不想被曝光，他不得不附和，就好像女儿扔下的鹅卵石是白色的一样，并抹去了她父亲的债务。A. Cnsequently因此；B. Otherwise否则；C. Therefre因此；D. Hwever然而。由上文的“The pebble left in the bag is bviusly black. (袋子里剩下的鹅卵石显然是黑色的)”和下文的“the pebble the daughter drpped was white (女儿扔下的鹅卵石是白色的)”可知，前后是转折关系，袋子里剩下的鹅卵石显然是黑色的，然而放高利贷者不想阴谋被曝光，就承认了商人的女儿扔下的鹅卵石是白色的。故选D项。
33．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，由于放高利贷者不想被曝光，他不得不附和，就好像女儿扔下的鹅卵石是白色的一样，并抹去了她父亲的债务。A. declined减少；B. sclded责骂；C. expsed暴露；D. cndemned谴责。由上文的“The pebble left in the bag is bviusly black. (袋子里剩下的鹅卵石显然是黑色的)”和下文的“the pebble the daughter drpped was white (女儿扔下的鹅卵石是白色的)”可知，袋子里剩下的鹅卵石显然是黑色的，最后放高利贷者承认了商人的女儿扔下的鹅卵石是白色的，是因为放高利贷者不想阴谋被曝光。故选C项。
34．答案：A
解析：考查连接词词义辨析。句意：然而，由于放高利贷者不想被曝光，他不得不附和，就好像女儿扔下的鹅卵石是白色的一样，并抹去了她父亲的债务。A. as if好像；B. even thugh即使；C. in case万一；D. nw that既然。由上文的“the pebble the daughter drpped was white”可知，因为放高利贷者不想阴谋被曝光，所以他不得不附和，就好像女儿扔下的鹅卵石是白色的一样。故选A项。
35．答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过打破常规的思维来克服困难总是有可能的，而不是屈服于你认为必须选择的唯一选项。A. cmmn普通的；B. current现在的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. tugh艰难的。由上文语境可知，商人的女儿通过打破常规的思维来克服了困难。故选D项。
36．答案：B
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：通过打破常规的思维来克服困难总是有可能的，而不是屈服于你认为必须选择的唯一选项。A. lk ut fr留心；B. give int屈服于；C. let g f放弃；D. cme up with想出。由上文语境可知，商人的女儿通过打破常规的思维来克服了困难，未向困难屈服，才成功地为自己和父亲夺回了自由。故选B项。
37．答案：①as②advanced③t reach④cmes⑤which⑥reference⑦that⑧prmting⑨a⑩achieved
解析：①考查介词。句意：据一位国家政治顾问称，中国已经在研发速度更快的子弹头列车，将被命名为CR450。空后“the CR 450”是列车的名称，故此处用固定短语be knwn as，意为“以……著称，被称为”，后面往往接职业、角色或身份等，故填as。
②考查形容词。句意：中国铁道科学研究院首席研究员赵宏伟在接受《中国日报》采访时表示，更先进的模型将很快推出，最高运行速度为400公里/小时，最高时速可达450公里/小时。根据空前的mre可知，此处是形容词比较级，作定语修饰名词mdel，advanced先进的，形容词，故填advanced。
③考查动词不定式。句意同上。此处用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词ptential，表示“……的潜力”，故填t reach。
④考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“到CR450投入运营时，全国铁路网将延长到16.5万公里，其中5万公里将是高速铁路。”赵说。空处是By the time引导的时间状语从句的谓语部分，主句使用的将来完成时，故从句用一般现在时表将来，从句主语CR450表示单数意义，谓语动词用第三人单数形式，故填cmes。
⑤考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句子可知，此处是“介词+关系词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是165,000 km，关系词在从句中作介词f的宾语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
⑥考查名词。句意：“我们没有其他国家的参考资料，所以我们必须成为先行者，找到建造时速400公里列车所需的解决方案。”空处应填名词作宾语，reference参考，参照，不可数名词，故填reference。
⑦考查代词。句意：这一速度下的噪音水平被限制在比时速350公里的火车高3分贝，时速350公里是中国目前高铁的最高时速。空处指代“时速350公里的火车的噪音水平”，表示特指，与前文是同名异物，应用代词that。故填that。
⑧考查动名词。句意：赵还呼吁完善铁路标准体系，促进该体系安全认证的国际认可。空处和imprving并列，作介词fr的宾语，应用动名词形式，故填prmting。
⑨考查不定冠词。句意：据中国国家铁路集团称，由于在短时间内取得了重大进展和重大突破，中国拥有了世界上最全面的技术和最广泛的铁路管理经验。as a result f…作为……的结果，由于，固定短语，故填a。
⑩考查过去分词。句意同上。动词achieve和breakthrughs之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语，故填achieved。
38．答案：Last week, a grup f internatinal students ur schl. T help them better ur tea-drinking culture, we tk them t the tearm in ur schl, I intrduced the histry f tea-making and different kinds f tea. All the internatinal students were quite interested in intrductin. Then I shwed them hw t make tea. I sat a table, every step f the prcess while making tea. All f them were amazed. They culdn’t wait have try fr them. Sn the tearm became with every internatinal student trying t make their wn tea. We had a lt f , practicing, and enjying the tea. In the end, we tk a grup pht, with cups r tea in ur hands, t recrd this unfrgettable experience.
解析：①考查时态。句意：上周，一群国际学生参观了我们学校。根据时间状语Last week可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故将visit改为visited。
②考查非谓语动词。句意：为了帮助他们更好地了解我们的饮茶文化，我们带他们去了学校的茶室，在那里我介绍了制茶的历史和不同种类的茶等等。help sb (t) d sth“帮助某人干某事”是固定用法，此处用不带t的不定式作宾语补足语。故将understanding改为understand。
③考查定语从句。句意：为了帮助他们更好地了解我们的饮茶文化，我们带他们去了学校的茶室，在那里我介绍了制茶的历史和不同种类的茶等等。逗号后非限制性定语从句所修饰的先行词为tearm，应用关系副词where引导从句，在从句中作地点状语，意为“在那里”。故将which改为where。
④考查代词。句意：所有的国际学生都对我的介绍很感兴趣。根据前后文I可知，此处应用I相应的形容词性物主代词限定名词，根据上文“I intrduced ”可知用my，故将ur改为my。
⑤考查介词。句意：我坐在一张桌子旁，一边泡茶一边解释着每一个步骤。sit at a table“坐在桌子旁”符合句意，n a table意为“在桌子上”。故将n改为at。
⑥考查现在分词。句意：我坐在一张桌子旁，一边泡茶一边解释着每一个步骤。逗号后没有连词连接，是非谓语动词，explain和主语之间是主动关系，应用其现在分词作状语，表示伴随。故将explai n改为explaining。
⑦考查冠词。句意：他们迫不及待地想试一试。have a try“试一试”是固定短语。故在have前加a。
⑧考查形容词。句意：很快，茶室变得热闹起来，每个留学生都在试着自己泡茶。形容词live意为“活的，现场直播的”不符合句意，此处应用形容词lively“生动的，活跃热情的”作表语。故将live改为lively。
⑨考查不可数名词。句意：我们过得很开心，一边练习，一边喝茶。名词fun不可数，没有复数形式。故将funs改为fun。
⑩考查动词搭配。句意：最后，我们拿着杯子或茶拍了一张合影，记录下这段难忘的经历。take a pht“照相”是固定短语，take意为“拍摄”。故删除up。
39．答案： May, 4th is ur Chinese Yuth Day, which has witnessed the past 74 years f endless inspiring stries and tuching mments. What is yuth ? I’d like t define it as a fearless heart that clears ut any bstacles standing in the way t ur destinatin. S, as a teenager, hw can we be a better self at the mst beautiful time?
First, the recipe f it is cnstant learning. What lifelng learning brings t us is nt nly the accumulatin f knwledge but als a psitive state f mind t reflect and summarize past failures. What’s mre, be self-disciplined. Getting rid f laziness and making it a rutine t d sme exercise r learn smething new bits by bits, we are sure t remve all the difficulties in the way. Admittedly, ccasinal regrets are unavidable, but that is where the charm f yuth lies.
Never mind challenges, upsets r even failures, because it is hw we react t them that really cunt. Thank yu fr yur listening !
解析：1.词汇积累
目睹：witness →see
动人的：tuching →mving
此外：what’s mre →besides
一定会：be sure t d →be bund t d
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Getting rid f laziness and making it a rutine t d sme exercise r learn smething new bits by bits, we are sure t remve all the difficulties in the way.
拓展句：when we get rid f laziness and make it a rutine t d sme exercise r learn smething new bits by bits, we are sure t remve all the difficulties in the way.
【高分句型1】What lifelng learning brings t us is nt nly the accumulatin f knwledge but als a psitive state f mind t reflect and summarize past failures.（运用了what引导的主语从句以及“nt nly…but als…”连接的并列结构）
【高分句型2】Never mind challenges, upsets r even failures, because it is hw we react t them that really cunt.（运用了原因状语从句和强调句型）