人教版英语七升八寒假词法专题：数词讲义

这是一份人教版英语七升八寒假词法专题：数词讲义，共9页。

数词的含义
表示数目多少或顺序先后的词叫数词。
二、数词的分类
基数词
序数词
小数
分数
百分数
三、基数词：用来表示数目多少的数词

说明：（1）101-999先说几百，再加and,再加末尾两位数（或末尾一位数）
168 ne hundred and sixty-eight, 908 nine hundred and eight
（2）1，000以上的数词，先从后向前数，每三位用一个千分撇隔开。第一个千分撇表示thusand（千），第二个千分撇表示millin（百万），第三个千分撇表示billin（十亿），然后一节一节地用几百几十几的方法表示
1,234 ne thusand, tw hundred and thirty-fur
12,345 twelve thusand, three hundred and frty-five
123,456 ne hundred and twenty-three thusand, fur hundred and fifty-six
1,234,567 ne millin, tw hundred and thirty-fur thusand, five hundred and sixty-seven
★基数词的用法
表示数量 eg. 一 Hw many bks wuld yu like？-I wuld like tw.
表示号码 eg. My phne number is 6887789.
表示时间 eg. I watch CCTV News at seven ’clck every evening.
表示“不确切岁数或年代”用几十的复数形式。
如： He is in his early thirties.他有三十来岁（31—34岁）
This tk place in the 1930s.这事发生在二十世纪三十年代
基数词在表示具体数字时,数字+hundred/thusand/millin
当表示不确切的数字时,hundreds/thusands/millins+ f
hundreds f（数百,成百上千的）,thusands f（数干,成千上万的）,millins f（数百万）
如：There are six hundred students in ur grade.
Hundreds f ld peple died f cld last winter.
(6)基数词常和一些计量类名词“单数”用“--”连在一起，构成复合形容词，修饰名词。
如：a twelve-year-ld by一个十二岁的男孩
a five-mile race一次五英里的赛跑
anther +基数词+名词=基数词+mre+名词
如：tw mre apples=anther tw apples.
真题再现
（ ）1. Which number is wrng? _______.
A. Ninety B. Ninteen C. Ninth D. Nineteenth
四、序数词：用来表示顺序的数词。
★★序数词巧记口诀:
基变序，有规律，末尾字母th加上去。
123 ，特殊记，8去t，9去e，f来把ve替
遇 整十变y 为ie，再加th，几十几也好记，只变个位就可以
【温馨提示】
序数词要加定冠词the但若序数词前有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格时省略the。例如 Tm made the mistake fr the third time. = It was Tm’s third time t make the mistake. 这是汤姆第三次出错。
(2)序数词前加a/an表示“又一再一”。例如
Even thugh the Greens have 3 children, they still want a furth ne.
尽管格林夫妇已有3个孩子可他们还想再要一个。
序数词可以用阿拉伯数字和序数词拼写的最后两个字母简写。例如1st第一2nd第二3rd第三4th第四。
★序数词的用法
1.序数词前通常要用定冠词the,表示“第几”。但是如果序数词前出现不定冠词a或者an时，则表示“又一，再一”eg.
Jhn lives n the fifteenth flr
We'll have t d it a secnd time．
2.序数词常用作名词的定语，但当名词前已有物主代词等限定词时，则不再用the.
her furth birthday.
表示编号时，既可以用基数词也可以用序数词，用基数词表示时，常把基数词放在名词后面表顺序，相当于“the +序数词+名词”
如书刊的页的数目，住所、房间、教室、电话号码等等。
Page Eight, Rm 304，Class Seven
Lessn Five=the fifth lessn
真题再现
（ ）1. I've been a student there fr nearly tw and _______ half years.
A.a B.an C.the D./
（ ）2. --- Hw sn will yu finish yur wrk? --- In abut _______.
A. ne and a half mnth B. ne mnth and a half
C. ne and half a mnth D. a mnth and half
（ ）3. It tk me ________ t find ut the key t the drawer.
A. ne and half hurs B. ne and a half hurs
C. ne and a half hur D. ne and half hur
五、分数
六、小数
小数的表示法：小数点读作pint；零读作zer或；小数点前的数按基数词读，小数点后的数字按单个数字依次读出
9.65读作nine pint six five
53.16读作fifty-three pint ne six
0.6读作zer pint six
0.05读作zer pint zer five
七、百分数
表示百分数时直接将基数词放在单词percent前面即可
twenty percent百分之二十
fifty-tw percent百分之五十二
七、数词应用
真题再现
（ ）1. Their huse is abut ___ as big as urs.
A. times three B. three time C. time three D. three times
（ ）2．______f the cats______made f cttn. They feel cmfrtable.
A.Tw-thirds; is B. Tw-thirds; are
C. Tw-third; is D. Tw –third; are
经典例题。
一、写出下列数字的英语表达
11______ 12______ 13______ 20______
30______ 78______ 第一______ 第五______
第十六______ 第七十______
二、读出下列小数、分数以及百分数
课 题
数词
教学目标
掌握基数词、序数词、小数、分数和百分数的读法以及基本用法
重、难点
基数词变为序数词
单位词hundred，thusand，millin，billin加s与不加s的区分
3、分数和百分数作主语时谓语动词单复数的选择
记忆方式
示例
1-12单独记
ne, tw, three, fur, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve
13-19词尾为后缀-teen
thirteen, furteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen
20-90逢十词尾为后缀-ty
twenty, thirty, frty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety
21-99（除逢十词外）在十位数和个位数之间加连字符构成
twenty-nine, thirty-eight, frty-seven, fifty-six, sixty-five, seventy-fur, eighty-three, ninety-tw
单位词
100hundred 1,000thusand 1,000,000millin 1,000,000,000billin
1-10
11-19
20-90中整几十的序数词
≧100
1first
1st
11eleventh
11th
100 a hundredth
100th
2secnd
2nd
12twelfth
12th
20twentieth
20th
1,000 a thusand
1,000th
3third
3rd
13thirteenth
13th
30thirtieth
30th
1,000,000
a millin
1,000,000th
4furth
4th
14furteenth
14th
40frtieth
40th
1,000,000,000
a billin
1,000,000,000th
5fifth
5th
15fifteenth
15th
50fiftieth
50th
6sixth
6th
16sixteenth
16th
60sixtieth
60th
7seventh
7th
17seventeenth
17th
70seventieth
70th
8eighth
8th
18eighteenth
18th
80eightieth
80th
9ninth
9th
19nineteenth
19th
90ninetieth
90th
10tenth
10th
用法
示例
分子用基数词，分母用序数词
分子大于1时，分母用复数
分母若是2和4，则分别用half和quarter
基数词和序数词之间可加“-”也可不加
1/2: ne half, a half
1/3: ne third, a third
2/3: tw thirds, tw-thirds
1/4: ne quarter, ne furth
3/4: three quarters, three furths
5 3/5: five and three fifths
分子与分母之间加in,分子在前，分母在后，分子分母都用基数词
ne in ten十分之一， five in eight八分之五
分子与分母之间加ut f, 分子在前，分母在后，分子分母都用基数词
ne ut f ten十分之一， five ut f eight八分之五
名称
表 达 法
例 词
年份
特别提示年份的读法前两位数, 再读后两位数, 读日时要加the
可先读1997年3月21日
March the twenty-first, nineteen ninety-seven
日期
月日年 日用序数年用基数
日月年 the+序数词+f+月年
2007年3月21日
the twenty-first f March, tw thusand and seven
年代
in+the+数词的复数形式
在18世纪20年代—in the 1720’s/1720s
读作in the seventeen twenties
时刻
时在前分在后按基数词读
10: 15 ten fifteen
分在前时在后 “几点过几分”用past分钟数须小于半小时包括半小时在内
7: 05 five past seven
7:15 fifteen past seven
7: 30 half past seven
“几点差几分”用介词t,但分钟数须在半小时以内不包括半小时在内
7: 57 three t eight
11: 46 furteen t twelve
2: 40 twenty t three
几刻钟
一刻钟a quarter
三刻钟three quarters
九点一刻a quarter past nine
编号
给东西编号时:序号在前用序数词
序号在后用基数词
lessn twelve=the twelfth lessn
分数
分子用基数词分母用序数词
记忆口诀分子基分母序
分子大于1分母加s
特别提示:通常二分之一用 a/ne half表示。四分之一用 a/ne quarter表示，三分之一ne third
tw thirds
fur fifths
seven tenths
分数+名词做主语
分数后面加名词做主语时，如果后面的名词是单数名词或不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式；如果后面的名词是可数名词复数，谓语动词则用复数形式。
但是当分数修饰ppulatin时，则谓语动词一律用复数形式。
Tw thirds f the desk is painted red.
One fifth f the water cmes frm the undergrund.
Tw thirds f the students in my class are bys.
Seven tenths f the ppulatin in China are farmers.
带分数
当分数前面带有整数时，要用连词and连接
tw and tw thirds
倍数
英语用twice表示两倍两倍以上用基数词加times表示
twice两倍three times三倍
frty times四十倍
63.45读作__________________________
0.089读作__________________________
6/7读作_____________________________
1/2读作_____________________________
百分之三十一读作____________________
百分之七十读作______________________
三、把下列基数词改为序数词，序数词改为基数词
ne__________ furteen___________
nine__________ thirty-five__________
secnd__________ twentieth___________
twelfth_________ third______________
四、单项选择
1．There are five ______________ bks in the rm.
A．hundredB．hundreds fC．hundredsD．hundred f
2．There are ________ flrs in this building and Mr. Wang’s ffice is n ________flr.
A．twenty; twelfthB．twentieth; twelve
C．twentieth; twelfthD．twenty; the twelfth
3．Many things are n sale tday, s there are_______ peple in the shp．
A．hundredB．tw hundred fC．hundred fD．hundreds f
4．There are abut teachers in ur schl. All f them are friendly.
A．tw hundredB．tw hundredsC．hundred fD．tw hundred f
5．There are ______ days in May and Mther's Day is n ______ Sunday.
A．thirty-ne; the secndB．thirty-ne; secnd
C．the thirty-first; the secndD．the thirty-ne; secnd
6．A week has ________ days, but we nly g t schl frm Mnday t Friday.
A．sevenB．seventhC．fiveD．fifth
7．There are _____ flrs in my building and I live n the_________flr.
A．seven: sixB．seventh: sixC．seven: sixthD．seventh; sixth
8．-Excuse me, what's the time nw?
--It's__________.
A．at a quarter t twelve.B．tw three
C．half t nineD．thirty-five past seven
9．He is a super bk-lver. On the bkshelf, there are bks.
A．three hundred and twenty threeB．three hundreds and twenty-three
C．three hundreds and twenty threeD．three hundred and twenty-three
10．His sn is nw. Tday it’s his birthday.
A．nine; nineB．ninth; nineC．ninth; ninthD．nine; ninth
[②考试连线 家庭作业]
选择题
1.We have a ________ hliday every Natinal Day.
A.3 days B.3-days C. 3- day D. 3 days’
2. --Hw _______ is it frm Xi’an t Dunhuang?
--It’s less than 3______flight.
A.lng,hur’s B. far,hur’s C.lng,hurs’ D.far, hurs
3. --Hurry up! It’s______,We are asked t finish it by 5 ’clck.
--Yu mean we ‘ve nly gt 20 minutes left!
A.5:20 B. 4:20 C.4:40 D. 5:40
4. I’m ________ ,and I have a ________ sister.
A. 15 year ld ;16-year- ld B.15 years ld ;16-years- ld
C.15-year-ld ;16 years ld D.15 years ld ;16-year- ld
5.July 1st f this year is the _____ birthday f the CPC(中国共产党).
A.ninety-five B. ninetiety -fifth C. ninetieth-five D. ninety-fifth
6.It’s abut _______ frm ur schl t my huse.
A.20 minutes’ walk B.20 minute’s walk
C. walk f 20 minutes D.20 minutes’ walks
7. _______ f the farmland here ______ with rice.
A.Tw thirds; is cvering B.Tw third; is cvered.
C. Secnd third; are cvering D.Tw thirds; is cvered
8.The accident happened in ________.He was in ________at that time.
A.the 1990s,his twenties B.the 1990s,the twenties
C.1990s,his twenties D.1990s,twenties
9. Mary is 8 and she is _______ Laura.Hw ld is Laura? ——Fur
A.fur years lder than B.tw years ld than
C.twice as lder as D.as ld as
10.In ur class,_____ f the students are girls.
A. three fifths B.three fifth C. three fives D. three five
【③当堂过手训练】
一、中英互译
（1）5.49____________________
（2）一百万________________
（3）123,567________________________
（4）167,890,034______________________________
（5）three quarters__________
（6）five hundred and sixty-nine________________________
（7）tw hundred and seventy-three thusand, ne hundred and eight______________________
（8）ne billin__________________
二、单项选择
1．Ding Limei’s bk sale is in Students’ Hall. Over __ peple cme and buy bks there.
A．tw hundredB．tw hundredsC．hundred fD．tw hundreds f
2．__________ f students are in the rm and nine ________ f them are girls.
A．Hundreds, hundredsB．Hundred, hundred
C．Hundreds, hundredD．Hundred, hundreds
3．She has _____ bks in her rm.
A．seven hundreds and twenty-three
B．seven hundred and twenty-three
C．seven hundreds and twenty three
D．seven hundred and twenty three
4．—What class is he in?
—He is in _____, _____.
A．Grade three; Class seven
B．class Three; grade Seven
C．Class Three; Grade Seven
D．grade seven; class three
5．—Bruce,hw many students are there in yur schl?
—Mmm, abut .
A．tw thusandsB．tw thusands f
C．tw thusand fD．tw thusand
6．This Friday is Bill’s birthday.
A．twelveB．twelfthC．the twelveD．the twelfth
7．__________cmes befre Octber and it’s the __________ mnth f the year.
A．September, ninthB．September, nineth
C．Nvember, eleventhD．Nvember, eleven
8．Father’s Day is n the __________Sunday __________June every year.
A．three, nB．third, inC．sixth, inD．secnd, n