寒假预习讲义Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came 人教版英语八年级下册

这是一份寒假预习讲义Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came 人教版英语八年级下册，共16页。学案主要包含了知识点讲解，课堂练习等内容，欢迎下载使用。

重点、考点：
（一）重要短语：
（二）、句型归纳：
1.be busy ding sth 忙着做某事 例：He was busying studying fr a test.他正忙着为考试而学习。
2.be busy with sth 忙于某事 例：She was busying with her hmewrk.她正忙着做作业。
3. see sb/sth ding sth看见某人或某物正在做某事
4.begin /start t s sth开始做某事 例：I begin t study it.=I start t study it.我开始学习它。
5.try t d sth努力做某事 例：She tried t fix it up.她尽力把它修好。
6.try ding sth尝试做某事 例：He tried ding it.他试着做它。
7.have truble (in) ding sth=have prblems (in) ding sth
=have difficulty (in) ding sth做某事有困难
例：We have truble/prblem/difficulty (in) finishing the wrk.我们完成这项工作有困难。
8.feel like ding sth想要做某事 例：She didn’t feel like eating anything.她不想吃任何东西。
9.It is reprted that+从句 据报道… 例：It’s reprted that it’s cludy tmrrw.据报道，明天天气多云。
（三）、重点句型：
1. — What were yu ding at eight last night?昨晚8 点你在干什么？
— I was taking a shwer.我在洗淋浴。
When it began t rain, Ben was helping his mm make dinner.
当开始下雨的时候，本正在帮他妈妈做晚饭。
3. — What was Jenny ding while Linda was sleeping?琳达在睡觉的时候，珍妮正在干什么？
— While Linda was sleeping, Jenny was helping Mary with her hmewrk.
琳达在睡觉的时候，珍妮正在帮玛丽做作业。
考点讲解：
1、I was waiting fr the bus when it began t rain heavily.当开始下大雨时，我正在等公共汽车。
1) begin意为“开始”，过去式began, 过去分词begun, 现在分词beginning，其同义词start。其
后可接名词、代词、t d sth或ding sth。
例：Let’s begin t wrk.咱们开始工作吧。
He began t learn/learning French tw years ag.他两年前开始学法语。
【拓展】begin后接动词不定式或动词ing形式，在许多情况下，二者可以互换。但在以下三种情况下，通常接动词不定式。
①主语是物而不是人时 例：The ice began t melt. 冰开始融化了。
②begin本身为ing形式时 例：He is just beginning t draw the picture .他刚开始画那副画。
③begin后的宾语是与感情、想法有关的表示心理活动的动词，如understand, knw, feel等时。
例：I began t understand it.我开始明白这件事了。
2)heavily副词，意为“大量地；在很大程度上”，其形容词形式为heavy。
例：It snwed heavily yesterday.昨天雪下得很大。
2、I called at seven and yu didn’t pick up.我7点给你打电话，你没有接。
pick up为“动词+副词”结构的短语，意为“接电话”，相当于pick up the phne.
【拓展】pick up还可意为“捡起；接(某人)”。
例：My ruler is under yur desk. Please pick it up fr me.我的尺子在你的桌子底下。请帮我捡起来。
Can yu pick me up at the airprt?你能到机场接我吗？
3、I called again at eight and yu didn’t answer then either.我8点又给你打电话，你那时也没接。
【辨析】either, als, t与as well
4、Ben’ s dad was putting pieces f wd ver the windws while his mm was making sure the flashlights and radi were wrking.本的爸爸正在把一块块木头钉在窗户上，而他的妈妈正在确认手电筒和收音机都能正常使用。
1)wd此处作不可数名词，意为“木：木头；木材”。 a piece f wd“一块木头”
例：He put sme wd in the fire.
【拓展】wd作可数名词，常用复数，意为“树林”。
例：She is afraid t walk thrugh the wds at night. 她害怕晚上经过那片树林。
2)make sure意为“务必；确认；弄清”，后常接that从句或f短语。
例：Make sure that yu put dwn every wrd she says.你务必几下她说的每一个字。
We must make sure f it.我们必须把这件事弄明白。
5、Ben was helping his mm make dinner when the train began t beat heavily against the windws.
当雨开始对着窗户猛烈敲打时，本在帮助他的妈妈做晚饭。
1)beat(过去式beat, 过去分词beaten)作不及物动词，意为“敲打；(心脏、脉搏等)跳动”。
例：The rain is beating heavily against the windws.雨在猛烈地敲打着窗户。
His heart stpped beating.他的心脏停止了跳动。
【拓展】beat作及物动词，意为“打败”。
例：We beat them by 3:2. 我们以3比2打败了他们。
2)against作介词，意为“碰；撞；倚着；靠着”。
例：Put the pian there, with its back against the wall. 把钢琴放在那里，使它的背靠着墙。
【拓展】against作介词，还可意为“反对”。
例：They are against the plan. 他们反对这个计划。
6、He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying dwn at arund 3:00a.m.
在大约凌晨3点风逐渐变弱使他终于睡着了。
【辨析】asleep, sleepy与sleeping
7、When he wke up, the sun was rising.当他醒来时，太阳正冉冉升起。
【辨析】rise与raise
8、The rads were icy because f the heavy snw frm the night befre.由于前天晚上的大雪，路面是结满冰的。
icy形容词，意为“覆盖着冰的；冰冷的”，其名词形式为ice(冰)。
例：It is nt easy t walk n the icy rads.在结满冰的路面上行走不容易。
【拓展】在英语中，一些与天气有关的名词，加后缀-y可构成相应的形容词：
fg雾→fggy有雾的 clud云→cludy多云的 rain雨→rainy下雨的
snw雪→snwy下雪的 wind风→windy有风的 sun阳光→sunny晴朗的
9、Yu’re kdding! 你在开玩笑吧！
kid动词，意为“开玩笑”。
例：Dn’t get mad.I was nly kidding.别生气，我只不过是在开玩笑。
【拓展】1)kid作动词，还可意为“欺骗”。 例：Dn’t kid yurself! 别自欺欺人了！
2)kid还可用作名词，意为“孩子”。 例：He has tw kids.他有两个孩子。
10、I was s scared that I culd hardly think clearly after that.
我是那么害怕以至于我几乎不能清楚地想起那之后的事了。
【辨析】hardly与hard
11、While my brther was laughing, the televisin news reprted that ther peple had seen the light as well.当我哥哥在笑的时候，电视新闻报道别人也看见了亮光。
had seen为过去完成时，过去完成时表示在过去某个时间或动作之前就已经发生或完成了的动作，由“助动词had+过去分词”构成。
例：I realized that I had left my hmewrk at hme.我意识到我把家庭作业忘在家里了。
The film had begun when he gt t the cinema. 当他到达电影院时，电影已经开始了。
难点、易错点：
语法讲解： 过去进行时
定义： 表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作.
构成：其构成形式为was / were+动词的现在分词。
常用的时间状语: at that time、at this time last night、this mrning、at 10；30 yesterday、the whle mrning、all day yesterday、frm nine t ten last evening等等, 或者与when,while,as引导的过去时间状语连用。
They were reading bks frm seven t nine last night.
昨天晚上七点到九点的时候他们在读书。
What was he researching all day last Sunday?
上周日他一整天都在研究什么?
When I saw him he was cleaning his rm.
当我看见他的时候他正在打扫他的房间.
While he was waiting fr the bus, he was reading a newspaper.
他边等车边看报.（两个动作都是延续的）
4. 基本句式：
1). 肯定句：由“主语+was/were +动词ing+其它”构成
They were having supper when the phne rang. 当电话响时，她们正在吃晚饭
2). 否定句：由“主语+was/were nt +动词ing +其它”构成
This time yesterday I was nt watching TV. 昨天这个时候,我不是在看电视。
3). 一般疑问句：由“Was/Were+主语+动词ing +其它”组成
肯定回答： Yes, 主语+ was/were.
否定回答： N, 主语+ wasn't/weren’t.
Were yu playing basketball at fur yesterday afternn? 昨天下午四点你们在打篮球吗?
肯定回答：Yes, I was/were. 否定回答：N, I wasn't/weren’t.
4). 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句+其它
What were yu ding this time yesterday? 你昨天这个时候在干什么？
【辨析1】：过去进行时和一般过去时的区别：
过去进行时通常表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作，强调动作 正在进行；
一般过去时则通常表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，强调过去的动作已经完成。
如：I was reading the newspaper last night. 我昨晚在看书。(不一定看完)
I read the newspaper last night. 我昨晚看了报纸。(已经看完)
【辨析2】： when 和while的用法区别：
when, while都有“当……时候”的意思。 when是at r during the time that, 既指时间点，也可指一段时间；在when引导的时间状语从句中, 其谓语动词可以是延续性的, 也可以是非延续性的,可与主句中的谓语动词同时发生, 也可在其后发生。 如：
1）I was just watchingTV when my father came int my rm.
当我爸爸走进我房间时,我正在看电视.
2）Were yu reading a bk when the teacher came in?
老师进来的时候,你在读书吗?
2. while是during the time that，只能表示某一段时间, 不能表示某一点时间。因而在while引导的时间状语从句中, 其谓语动词只能是延续性的, 而且也只能与主句中的谓语动词同时发生或存在。如：
1）While Tm was ding his hmewrk, Lin Ta came t see him.
正当汤姆做作业时,林涛来看他.
2）Yu can’t d yur hmewrk while yu’re watching TV.
你不能一边看电视一边做家庭作业.
3. when和while的区别还在于：由when引导的时间状语从句，主句用过去进行时，从句应用一般过去时；如果从句和主句的动作同时发生，两句都用过去进行时的时候，多用while引导。
如：When the teacher came in, we were talking.
当此句改变主从句的位置时，则为：While we were talking, the teacher came in.
二、课堂练习：
= 1 \* ROMAN \* MERGEFORMAT I、单项填空。（15分）
( )1. When the man dwnstairs kncked at the dr, I _______.
A. am ding husewrkB. was ding husewrk
C. were ding husewrk D.am ging t d husewrk
( )2. There is a blackbard ________ ur classrm. Our teacher was standing ________ the blackbard at this time yesterday.
A. in frnt f; in the frnt fB. in the frnt f; n
C. in the frnt f; in frnt fD. in frnt f; in
( )3. — Lk! The cat ________ frm the tree. — Yes.It ________ the tree just nw.
A. is jumping dwn; climbed up B. is jumping dwn; is climbing up
C. jumps dwn; was climbing up D. jumps dwn; climbed
( )4. What were yu ding ________ last Sunday mrning?
A. at B. inC. verD. /
( )5. While I was at the ________, I heard a nurse ________ Davy’s name.
A. dctrs’; callB. dctr’s; t call
C. dctr’s; callingD. dctrs’; called
( )6. The by with tw dgs ________ in the yard when the earthquake hit the city.
A. is playingB. are playing
C. were playingD. was playing
( )7. My father was reading a newspaper while my mther ________ dinner.
A. is ckingB. cksC. was ckingD. will ck
( )8.All the students were sleeping _______they heard a man _______“help”.
A.when; shuting B.while; t shut C.when; t shut D.while; shuted
( )9 The rainstrm came while Ann ________ her purse in the classrm.
A. was lking fr B. lked fr C. is lking at D. lks at
( )10. . _________ beautiful park Xiayajin Park is!
A. What B. What a C. Hw D. Hw a
( )11. “They are filling the bags with clthes.” means they’re ________
A putting their clthes away B. putting their clthes int the bags
C. putting dwn their clthes D. putting n their clthes
( )12.Mr. Black talked abut his sn with the teacher the phne.
A. by B. n C. in D. with
( )13 —What are yu ding ? —I am thinking abut at the class meeting.
A. hw say B. what say C. hw t say D. what t say
( )14. —Dad, culd yu please drive ?
— N hurry. We have enugh time befre the plane takes ff.
A. faster B.fastest C.mre slwly D. mre carefully
( )15. I tried several jackets n, but ______ f them lked gd.
A. bth B. either C. nne D. neither
= 2 \* ROMAN \* MERGEFORMAT II、完形填空。（10分）
Mr Black was nce a pliceman. He was a kind persn. He liked t have a walk in the park after breakfast.
It was very cld 16 a winter mrning. Mr Black was walking alng the street when he heard a cry fr help. He turned arund but culd see nbdy. He stpped and lked here and there. At the mment, a by 17 t him.The by was in such a hurry 18 he culdn’t say a wrd except pinting twards the river. Mr Black realized what had happened and ran t the river as sn as pssible. 19 f them ran alng the river and saw a girl in the water. She 20 a piece f wd. It was carrying her away. It was t 21 .
Withut a wrd, Mr Black tk ff his clthes as 22 as he culd, and jumped int the river. He 23 t the girl and tk her back near the bank and lifted the girl up, and then the by helped 24 her ut f the water. Then they stpped a car and tk the girl t the 25 . At last the girl’s life was saved, and she thanked them verymuch.
( )16. A. in B. n C. at D.fr
( )17. A. walked up B. lked ut C. rushed ut D. ran up
( )18. A. s B. and C . that D.but
( )19. A. All B. Bth C. Neither D.either
( )20. A. was hlding B. was lifting C. is taking D.is pushing
( )21. A. heavy B. exciting C. dangerus D.interesting
( )22. A. slwly B. carefully C. quickly D.quietly
( )23. A. swam B. ran C. flew D.walked
( )24. A. push B. pull C. bring D.take
( )25. A. huse B. schl C. park D. hspital
= 3 \* ROMAN \* MERGEFORMAT III、根据短文内容, 从方框中选出恰当的单词填空,使语意通顺完整。每个选项只能使用一次, 有两项多余(10分)
Yesterday, when I was_____1_____ in the bedrm, I dreamed a strange dream. I had an unusual experience. When I went int the kitchen, I fund there was n water in the fridge.
S I wanted t buy sme water.___2____ I was walking in the street, ____3____ a UFO landed just in frnt f me. Yu can imagine hw____4____it was!
An alien gt ut.I____5____ him t see where he was ging. Suddenly, he nticed me. I was s____6____ that I ran away. Then I saw a car accident.I____7____the plice. Sme shp wners heard ____8_____ the thing. The shps clsed. he whle street was nt s lively as usual. Everyne was in_____9_____ . I was s frightened that I____10____up suddenly .
= 4 \* ROMAN \* MERGEFORMAT IV、单词拼写（10分）
A)根据首字母及汉语提示，完成下列单词的拼写，使句意明确，语言通顺。
36.I was cutting my hair when the s_____________(奇怪的) man passed the dr.
37.Ben’s mm was putting sme candles and m_____________(火柴) n the table.
38. We were having fun in the p_____________(操场) when the schl bell rang.
39.Rbert and his friends were c_____________(完全)surprised t hear the news.
40.The news n TV r_____________(报道) that there was a rainstrm in the area.
B) 根据句意，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
41.We were climbing up the muntain when it began t rain ___________(heavy).
42.Ben didn’t fall asleep until the wind ___________(die dwn)at arund 3:00 a.m.
43.He had a fight with his best friend, and they walked hme in__________ (silent).
44.I was t tired and still sleeping when my alarm ___________( g ff).
45.Kate didn’t think her friend was telling the ____________(true) abut the event
课后小结；
巩固练习：
= 1 \* ROMAN \* MERGEFORMAT I、单项选择。（10分）
1. He was sleeping late _______ smene kncked n the dr.
A. when B. while C. as D. after
2. _____ I was walking t schl, I saw a cat climbing a tree.
A. When B. While C. Befre D. After
3. Mary tk a pht f her friends while they ________ cmputer games.
A．play B．are playing C．have played D．were playing
4. --What is he ding at this time yesterday?--He _______.
A. sleep B. slept C. was sleeping D. sleeping
5. -- Why d yu always sleep ________ the light n?
-- Because I'm afraid f the dark.
A．by B．with C．let D．have
6. She was _______t hear the news.
A. surprisedB. surprise C. surprising D. surprises
7. Please remember ________ yur ntebk here tmrrw.
A. brings B. brught C. bringing D. t bring
8. Pass me the glasses, Tm. I can ________ watch TV clearly.
A. rather B. really C. hardly D. quite
9. After the heavy rain，the river ________ a lt.
A. beat B. pushed C. reprted D. rse
10.We ________ them and ________ the ftball match yesterday evening.
A. wn；beat B. beat；beat C. beat；wn D. wn；wn
= 2 \* ROMAN \* MERGEFORMAT II、完形填空（10分）。
D yu think f yur parents? “ Yes, f curse,” yu may answer, “I buy a present fr my mther n 16 . And I give my father a present n Father’s Day, 17 .” then what abut the ther days f a year? Always 18 t think f yur parents, nt just n sme imprtant days.
I have a friend wh 19 alne, because her parents live in anther city. One day I went t see her. We had nice chat. Then she wanted t make a 20 . She dialed(拨) the number, but then she put the phne 21 . After abut ten secnds, she dialed the number again. “Hi, Mum…”
Later I asked, “Why did yu dial the number 22 ?” She smiled, “My parents are ld. They can’t get clse t the telephne 23 . I always d s when I call them. I just want t give them 24 time t answer the call.”
My friend is a gd girl. She is always 25 her parents. Yu als want t be a gd child, right? S why nt learn frm her?
( )16. A. Father’s Day B. Mther’s Day C. Teacher’s Day D. Children’s Day
( )17. A. t B. als C. either D. yet
( )18. A. refuse(拒绝) B. frget C. decide D. remember
( )19. A. live B. lives C. lived D. living
( )20. A. face B. card C. call D. cake
( )21. A. up B. ff C. dwn D. n
( )22. A. nce B. twice C. several times D. many times
( )23. A. lnely B. slwly C. quietly D. quickly
( )24. A. less B. little C. enugh D. a lt
( )25. A. thinking abut B. laughing at C. picking up D. lking fr
= 3 \* ROMAN \* MERGEFORMAT III、把下列句子译成英语。（10分）
你能帮我拆除这堵墙吗？ ____________________ ?
2. 在你离开屋子前确认关闭了电视。____________________ .
3. 孩子们在海边捡到许多贝壳。 ____________________ .
4. 他毫不费力地找到了一份工作。 ____________________ .
5. 这个建筑物将在明年完工。 ____________________ .
= 4 \* ROMAN \* MERGEFORMAT IV、根据短文内容, 从方框中选出恰当的单词填空,使语意通顺完整。每个选项只能使用一次, 有两项多余(10分)
Many f the students prbably dn’t like ding ____36____. They think they have enugh ____37____ frm schl. They have t wrry abut getting gd grades. Husewrk is a ____38____ f their time. And mst f us think that cleaning the bathrm r cking dinner fr the family makes us tired. ____39____, the fact is that smene have t d it. Mst f the time, ur parents have t d the husewrk. Why shuld yur mther wash yur dirty dishes? Is it really fair?
Ding husewrk is really nt as bad as it sunds. If we all d ur ____40____, we will be able t take ____41____ f yurself. Ding sme chres will shw that yu are becming mre and ____42____ independent.
Sme f us may think that we are t busy t d chres, s dividing chres amng the whle family will make everyne understand the idea f ____43____.
S I think it is imprtant fr children t ____44____ hw t d chres. We shuldn’t ____45____ n ur parents t much.1.at the time f ... 在...的时候
2.a heavy rainstrm 一阵强风暴雨
3.g ff 发出响声
4.take a ht shwer洗热水澡
5. begin t rain heavily 开始下大雨
6.miss the bus误了车
7.pick up接电话
8.bring peple clser致使人们更紧密
9. strng winds 强风
10.black cluds 黑云
11.wait fr the bus at the bus stp 在公交车站等车
12. put pieces f wd ver the windws 将木头板覆盖在窗户上
13. have truble/prblems/difficulty ding sth 做某事有困难
14.beat heavily agianst the windws猛烈的敲击着窗户
15.play a card game玩纸牌
16. at first刚开始
17. fall asleep入睡
18.die dwn 逐渐消失
19.wake up醒来
20. in a mess一团遭
21.make sure确保
22.be imprtant t sb对某人重要
23.jin sb加入某人
24. break 使..支离破碎
25.help each ther 彼此相互帮助
26. in times f difficulty :在困难时期
27.take the car t the car wash送车去洗
28.listen t the radi 听收音机
29. get killed=be killed 被杀
30. the place f the accident事故发生地
31.have a lk (at...)看
32.be in bad shape形状不佳
34.Are yu kidding? 你开玩笑了？
35. by the side f the rad在马路边上
36. walk by路过
37.make ne way (t...)前往...
38.pint sth ut t sb向某人指出
39.stp breathing 停止呼吸
40. call ut the winner 大声喊出赢家
41.lk ut f 向外面看去
42.be shcked t d sth 做某事感到震惊
43.at that time在那时
44.be cmpletely shcked完全被震惊了
45.the rest f剩余的...
46. in silence 安静地
47.be taken dwn by terrrists被恐怖分子摧毁
48.have meaning t sb 对某人有意义
49.tell the truth 讲实话
remember ding sth记得做过了某事
Either
“也(不)”，用于否定句，一般放在句末。
I didn’t cme t schl yesterday either.
我昨天也没来学校。
Als
“也”，一般用于肯定句，常放在句中。
She speaks English and she als writes English. 她说英语，也写英语。
T
“也”，一般用于肯定句或疑问句，常放在句末，经常前加逗号。
Are yu ging t wrk t?
你也要去上班吗？
as well
“也”，用于肯定句，位于句末。
I can swim as well. 我也会游泳。
asleep
“睡着”，常作表语
He is asleep n the sfa. 他在沙发上睡着了。
sleepy
“要睡的；困倦的”，可作表语和定语
I feel sleepy. I’m ging t bed.我感到困了，要去睡觉了。
sleeping
“睡着的”，作定语；还可表示与睡有关的东西，如sleeping bags(睡袋)，sleeping pills(安眠药)
A yung wman with a sleeping baby in her arms gt n the bus. 一个年轻的妇女，怀里抱着一个睡着的孩子，上了公共汽车。
rise
不及物动词
着重指“上升；升高”
主语通常是升高的物体本身
The sun rises.太阳升起来。
raise
及物动词
着重指“抬起，举起，提起”
强调把某物从较低处抬(举、提)到较高处。它可以用于比喻，如提高价值、名誉、地位、工资等
The girl raised the bx t the car. 女孩将箱子搬到车上。
hardly
副词，意为“几乎不”
He hardly watches TV. 他几乎不看电视。
hard
作形容词，意为“难的，硬的”
She fund it hard t decide.她发现难以决定。
作副词，意为“努力地；猛烈地”
We shuld wrk hard.我们应当努力工作。
strange call abut wake funny with silence scare fllw while suddenly sleep
learn ut part care stress husewrk
waste hwever mre depend fairness at