牛津译林版八上寒假复习培优讲义-8AU5-U6

这是一份牛津译林版八上寒假复习培优讲义-8AU5-U6，共13页。学案主要包含了讲前自测，词性转换，考点聚焦，知识讲解，例题详解，技能练习，技能提优，对点练习等内容，欢迎下载使用。

【讲前自测】
牛津译林版八年级上册 unit5
【词性转换】
freeadj.自由的→_________（adv）→_________（adj.比较级）
dishn盘子→_________（pl）
die v.死去→_________（adj.）v过去式.
beginningn.开始→_________（v）
sadlyadv.悲伤地→_________（adj.）
mainlyadv.主要地→_________（adj.）
dangern.危险→_________（adj）
actinn.行动→_________（v）
clsedadj.关闭的→_________（adj.反义词）
huntern.猎人→_________（v）
catch v.抓住→_________（v过去式.）
wlf n.狼→_________（pl）
lsev.丢失→_________（v过去式.）
livingadj.活着的→_________（v）
sellv.卖→_________（v过去式.）
act v.表演→_________（v过去式.）
illnessn.疾病→_________（adj.）
slwly adv.缓慢地→_________（adj.）
牛津译林版八年级上册 unit6
【词性转换】
bradadj.宽广的→_________（adv）
rareadj.稀有的→_________（adv）
naturen.自然→_________（adj.）
cverv.覆盖→_________（v过去式.）
perfectadj.完美→_________（adv）
easilyadv.简单地→_________（adj.）
leadv.带领→_________（v过去式.）
fisherman n.渔夫→_________（pl）
describe v.描述→_________（n）
understand v.理解→_________（v过去式.）
imprtancen.重要性→_________（adj）
clearlyadv.清楚地→_________（adj.）
applicatinn.申请→_________（v）
intrducev.介绍→_________（n）
naturaladj.自然的→_________（n）
【考点聚焦】
8AU5
考点1 beginning n. 开始，起初
【知识讲解】
in the beginning ＝ at first，意为“起初，在开始的时候”，反义短语为in the end。 at the beginning常常跟f 连用。
【例题详解】
1．（2022上·江苏扬州·八年级统考期末）At the f December, many peple are busy getting medicine. (begin)
2．（2022上·江苏泰州·八年级统考期末）China’s first self-develped aircraft C919 marked the new (begin) f China’s large aircraft industry (飞机制造工业).
3．（2022上·江苏无锡·八年级统考期末）It’s a great pity that we missed the （begin）f the mvie.
4．（2022上·江苏南京·八年级校联考期中）Instructins are imprtant. Yu’d better (begin) yur DIY wrk withut reading them.
考点2 sadly adv. 令人遗憾地，不幸地；伤心地
【知识讲解】
sadly的形容词形式为sad, sad的比较级和最高级分别为sadder和saddest。 sadness是名词，意为“伤心，悲伤”，其反义词为happiness，意为“快乐，高兴”。
【例题详解】
5．（2023上·江苏无锡·八年级统考期中）After tw mnths’ diet, _____(sad), the lady lks even (fat) than befre.
6．（2022下·江苏无锡·八年级统考期中）The little by began t cry ______(sad) when he fund his dg (die).
考点3 as a result 因此
【知识讲解】
as a result常用作状语，表示结果，意为“因此”，相当于s。 as a result f表示“由于……”，相当于because f。
【例题详解】
7.(2020•扬州)Facial recgnitin(人脸识别) technlgy is widely used fr payment. ________， we needn't enter the passwrds any mre.
A. Fr example B. As a result
C. What's wrse D. What's mre
考点4 danger n. 危险
【知识讲解】
be in danger意为“处在危险中”，指句子主语的处境。 danger的形容词形式为dangerus，指句子的主语对别人有危害。
ut f danger 脱离危险
be in danger f ... 处于……危险之中
【例题详解】
8．（2023下·江苏扬州·八年级校考阶段练习）The weather reprt says it may be much (fg) tmrrw, and it’s_________ (danger)t drive at high speed n such a day.
9．（2022上·江苏宿迁·八年级校考期末）The plice prvided a (nt in danger) huse fr the man.
10．（2022下·江苏南京·八年级统考期末）WWF prvides (medicine) treatment fr sme wild animals in ______(dangerus).
考点5 prtect vt. 保护
【知识讲解】
prtect 的名词形式为prtectin，形容词形式为prtective。
prtect ... frm/against ...
防止……遭受……；使……免于……
【例题详解】
11. It's necessary fr peple t take mre actin t __________(保护) the earth.
12. Wild animals which are nw in danger need ur __________ (prtect).
13．（2022上·江苏泰州·八年级统考期中）Under different mther wlves’ (prtect), the little dg grew up healthily.
14．（2022上·江苏盐城·八年级校联考阶段练习）Many wild animals need ur (prtect).
15．（2023下·江苏盐城·八年级统考期末）Nw I have realized the imprtance f ________(prtect) the envirnment.
易混词汇
考点1 die, dying与death
【知识讲解】
1. die作动词，意为“死，死亡”，是非延续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。
2. dying作形容词，意为“将死的，垂死的”，还可作die的现在分词。
3. death作名词，意为“死，死亡”，在句中作主语或宾语。
die f 因……而死(原因多来自内部)
die frm 由于……而死(原因多来自外部)
die ut 灭绝 die ff 相继死亡
【例题详解】
16. (2020•扬州邗江二模)It was his first time t speak in frnt f his class and he was scared t ________(die)．
17. (2020•宿迁模拟)The by had t make a living by himself after his parents' ________ (die)．
18. The ld man ________ a car accident yesterday. His family are very sad nw.
A. died frm B. died f C. died away D. died dwn
考点2 accept与receive
【知识讲解】
1. accept表示主观上的接受，多是接受抽象的东西，如想法、表扬、批评、道歉等。
2. receive仅表示客观上的收到，不表示主观上是否愿意接受，多是接受实际的东西，如信件、礼物等，常与frm连用。
【例题详解】
19. I didn't mean t truble Curry yesterday. It was puring with rain s I ________ his ffer f a lift.
A. refused B. received C. allwed D. accepted
20．（2022上·江苏淮安·九年级统考期末）The little by had n chice but (accept) the fact that he failed in the exam.
21．（2022上·山东济宁·八年级统考期末）The Greens received an (邀请) frm their next dr neighbr.
考点3 nne与n ne
【知识讲解】
1. nne的用法
(1) 既可指人又可指物，反义词是all。
(2) 用于三者或三者以上，意为“没有人；没有什么东西；一个也不”。
(3) 它与f连用，修饰名词复数或代词宾格复数作主语，谓语动词既可用单数形式又可用复数形式，多用单数形式。
(4) 一般可用来回答“hw many ＋ n．” “hw much ＋ n．”引导的及含“any ＋ n．”的疑问句。
2. n ne的用法
(1) n ne意为“没有人”，只能指人，不能与f连用。
(2) n ne作主语时，谓语动词只能用单数形式。
(3) 可用来回答wh引导的及含anyne, anybdy的疑问句。
【例题详解】
22. — Rger Federer is a great tennis player.
— I agree. I think ________ else plays better.
A. nne B. n ne C. either D. bth
23. (2020·无锡江阴华士片模拟)— Culd yu tell me hw many classes yu have n Friday afternn?
— ________. We can take part in activities in any club we like.
A. Neither B. Either C. N ne D. Nne
24. (2019·南通如皋一模)— What d yu think f the twins and their friend?
— ________ f them are hardwrking enugh. N wnder they failed the exam yesterday.
A. Bth B. Neither C. All D. Nne
核心句型
考点1 S culd yu please nt eat them? 那么请你别吃它们好吗？
【知识讲解】
“Can/Culd yu please d sth.？”用来表示请求别人做某事。这是can/culd的一般疑问句结构，但并非询问对方有无能力做某事，而是向对方提出请求，意为“请你做某事好吗？”。culd在此并非can的过去式，而是一个独立的情态动词，语气比can更委婉。其否定形式是“Can/Culd yu please nt d sth.？”，意为“请你别做某事好吗？”。
【例题详解】
25. Culd yu please ________ TV nw? I'm studying fr my test.
A. nt watch B. nt t watch C. dn't watch D. can't watch
26. (2019·新疆生产建设兵团)David, ________ yu please sweep the flr and take ut the trash?
A. culd B. may C. might D. must
考点2 At fur mnths ld, she weighed abut eight kilgrams and started t g utside fr the first time. 四个月大时，她大约8千克重，而且开始第一次外出。
【知识讲解】
at fur mnths ld是“at ＋基数词＋ mnth(s)/year(s) ＋ ld”结构，表示“在……个月/在……岁的时候”。表示“在……岁时”还可以用短语“at the age f ...”表示。
【例题详解】
27. ________ fur, Jack fell ff a train and his eyes were badly hurt. Since then, he culdn't see anything.
A. In B. At C. On D. Of
28. Sue culd play the pian _______ fur. S far, she has gt many prizes.
A. at the beginning f B. at the tp f
C. at the age f D. at the bttm f
考点3 Eight mnths later, she was nt a small baby any mre ... 8个月之后，她不再是个小宝宝了……(教材P58 Reading)
【知识讲解】
nt mre意为“不再……”，相当于n mre。 nt lnger/n lnger 通常指时间上不再延长。 nt mre/n mre 通常指在数量和程度上不再增加。
【例题详解】
1. The huse belngs t Mr. Smith, but he desn't live here ________.
A. any mre B. n mre C. n lnger D. sme mre
考点4 Bats can't see, but they can decide t fly the right way with the help f their muth and ears. 蝙蝠看不见，但是它们在嘴巴和耳朵的帮助下能决定按正确的路线飞行。
【知识讲解】
with the help f ... 在……的帮助下
withut the help f ... 没有……的帮助
【例题详解】
29. ________ the help f the classmates, he gt t the tp f Hngjun Muntain successfully.
A. Under B. In C. With D. Of
30. It is quite easy fr peple t find any place in the wrld ________ nline maps.
A. withut the help f B. with the help f
C. under the help f D. belw the help f
考点5 Bees always remember t cme back the same way as they went. 蜜蜂总是记得按照原路返回。
【知识讲解】
the same size as 与……同样的大小
the same clur as 与……同样的颜色
the same age as 与……同样的年龄
【例题详解】
31．（2023上·甘肃武威·九年级统考期末）I will try t avid (make) the same mistake again.
32．（2023下·江苏泰州·八年级靖江市靖城中学校考阶段练习）My sister’s hairstyle is the same as my (wife).
8AU6
考点1 nature n. 大自然，自然界
【知识讲解】
nature的形容词形式为natural。
a nature reserve in China 中国的一个自然保护区
the Natural Histry Museum 自然历史博物馆
【例题详解】
33．（2023上·黑龙江绥化·七年级绥化市第八中学校校考期末）We went t the muntains and enjyed the (nature) view.
34．（2022上·江苏宿迁·八年级统考期末）All f us knw bad weather smetimes leads t (nature) disasters.
35．（2022上·江苏扬州·八年级统考期末）She ften takes a walk in the park and enjys the beauty there. (nature)
36．（2022上·江苏南京·八年级统考期末）Lcal peple are learning t share the （nature） wrld with fish and birds.
考点2 prvide vt. 提供
【知识讲解】
prvide sth. fr sb. ＝ prvide sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物。
【例题详解】
37．（2022上·江苏盐城·八年级校联考阶段练习）Dn’t give up (prvide) fd fr the children in pr areas.
38．（2022下·江苏无锡·八年级统考期中）The bk Hw t Read a Bk prvides me with much (建议) n reading.
考点3 turist n. 旅行者，观光者
【知识讲解】
相当于traveller/visitr；名词tur意为“旅行，观光”。形容词turisty意为“适宜游览的”。
【例题详解】
39. (2019•安顺)Every year many freign ________(tur) cme t visit the Great Wall f China.
考点4 imprtance n. 重要性
【知识讲解】
imprtance的形容词形式是imprtant，意为“重要的”。与之相类似的形容词与名词的转换还有： different—difference; cnfident—cnfidence; silent—silence; absent—absence等。
the imprtance f ... ……的重要性
【例题详解】
40. (2020.新疆)This activity shwed us the ___________(重要性) f prtecting ur envirnment.
41. (2019·扬州树人中学三模)After the teacher shared the mving stry with the students, the whle classrm was in ________(silent)．
42. (2020•大庆)Mre and mre peple have realized the __________(imprtant) f China-Russia Heihe Bridge.
考点5 write dwn 写下，记下
【知识讲解】
write dwn为“动词＋副词”结构，后接代词时，应放在write与dwn之间。
【例题详解】
43. When yu ________ smething, yu recrd it n a piece f paper using a pen r pencil.
A. put dwn B. write dwn
C. turn dwn D. take dwn
考点6 speaker n. 说话人；演讲者
【知识讲解】
speaker是由动词speak加后缀er构成的名词。类似的还有： teach—teacher; wrk—wrker; sing—singer; play—player; dance—dancer; run—runner等。
【例题详解】
44. Grace lves dancing. She wants t be a ________(dance) when she grws up.
考点7 intrduce vt. 介绍
【知识讲解】
名词形式为intrductin，意为“介绍”。
intrduce sb./sth. t sb. 把某人/某物介绍给某人
intrduce neself 做自我介绍
【例题详解】
45. Last weekend, at the welcme party, the hst ___________(intrduce) the histry and culture f Taizhu t the guests.
46. (2019·凉山)Culd yu get me an ____________(intrduce) t yur friend？
考点1 hme, huse与family
【知识讲解】
1. hme指一个家庭共同生活的地方，也可指一个人出生或长大的地方。
2. huse侧重指居住的地点和建筑物，是不可迁移的。
3. family表示“家庭”或“家人”，是集体名词，是一种社会意义上的团体，与住房无关。视为整体时，具有单数意义；如指家庭成员时，具有复数意义。
【例题详解】
47. He was brn in Germany, but he has made China his ________.
A. family B. address
C. huse D. hme
48. My ________ is in Guangzhu. My ________ have lived in this ________ fr ver 10 years.
A. huse; family; hme B. hme; family; huse
C. family; hme; huse D. huse; hme; family
核心句型
考点1 Sme peple want t make the wetlands smaller in rder t have mre space fr farms and buildings. 一些人想让湿地更小来为农场和建筑物获取更多的空间。
【知识讲解】
in rder t意为“为了，以便”，表示做某事的目的，后面跟动词原形，该结构可以转换为“in rder that ＋从句”，其否定形式是in rder nt t d sth.。
【例题详解】
49. In rder ________ fr the cmpetitin, my sister frced herself t get up early this mrning.
A. nt t be late B. nt being late
C. t be late D. being late
考点2 This will lead t less and less space fr wildlife. 这将导致野生动物的空间越来越少。
【知识讲解】
1. lead意为“领导，带领”，是不规则动词，过去式和过去分词都是led。 leader是可数名词，意为“领导者；领导”。
lead sb. t ... 带领某人去……
lead sb. t d sth. 致使/诱使某人做某事
lead t (道路等)通往……；导致/引起(结果等)
— Which dr leads t the yard?
哪扇门通向庭院？
— The back dr.
后门。
2. less and less space越来越少的空间。表示“越来越……”用“比较级＋ and ＋比较级”的结构。
The resurce n the Earth is becming less and less.
地球上的资源正变得越来越少。
【例题详解】
50. — Can I have sme mre sweets?
— OK, but eating t much sugar can ________(leader) t tth prblems.
51. — I heard that yur grandma lst her way in Dameisha yesterday.
— Yes. Luckily, a kind stranger managed t ________ her back hme.
A. lead B. pull C. put D. push
52.— I like cuntry music. It's really exciting. What abut yu?
— I prefer electrnic music. It's becming ________ ppular.
A. mre and mre B. less and less
C. fewer and fewer D. mre r less
考点3 Yu can call me n 010－5558 6390 r email me at amy@sunshine.cm. 你可以拨打010－55586390找我或发送电子邮件到amy@sunshine.cm。
【知识讲解】
call可作名词，意为“电话；呼叫”，也可作动词，意为“呼叫；称呼”。
“call sb. n ＋电话号码”意为“拨……(号码)给某人打电话”。
“email sb. at ＋电子邮箱”意为“向……(电子邮箱)给某人发电子邮件”。
【例题详解】
53. On my way hme, I saw a granny fall dwn. I ffered help first and then ________ the plice n 110.
A. called B. cared C. cheered D. fund
54. — Hw d I cntact Cindy?
— It's very easy. Yu can ________ at Cindy@qq.cm.
A. email her B. call her
C. email t her D. call t her
【技能练习】
阅读理解之主旨大意题解题技巧
主旨大意题要求考生在理解全文大意归纳文章的要点概括中心思想。考生需要分析文章的篇章以及体裁，需要抓住文章的开头和段首句或文章后的结论，从而能够找到文章的主旨。主要分为三类，主题思想类，态度目的类，文章标题类。
解题方法：
1，最常用的方法是仔细地研读短文的一二两句及短文的主题句或辅以阅读各段的第一二两句及段落的中心句，此方法多适用于说明文和议论文。
2，记叙文需要通读全文，抓住关键事件去归纳意思。
3，如果是对于先讲事实后进行归纳的文章来说，那么就要在全文的末尾找答案。比如文章的特点以列举事实开头，通过论证阐述核心论点得出观点，那么我们就要在文末来去找主题思想。
4；充分理解干扰性干扰项特点，运用排除法来解题。
干扰项特点一，概括范围过小二，概括范围过大三，与原文的内容无关或不符。
5，在一些带有转折意义的信息词，比如but while，hwever，althugh in spite f这些词后往往是作者想要去强调的观点，因此在这些词的周围很容易找到主题句。
6，如果文章的开头有一个问题，那么对此问题的答案就是主旨句。
7，作者在文章中反复重复的观点便是文章的主旨句。
【技能提优】
"I'm a big fan f the NBA." "The PM2.5 level is high tday." "What's the Wi-Fi passwrd far this restaurant?"·
D yu ften say r hear such sentences? Just t be clear: NBA is shrt fr Natinal Basketball Assciatin PM stands fr particulate matter, and sme say Wi-Fi stands fr wireless fidelity.
Many f yu will already knw the meaning f these abbreviatins(缩写词). Yung peple ften mix them with Chinese language in their cnversatins. "I knew what the NBA was lng befre I heard its Chinese name," said Zhang Hangyu, 14, frm Hunan. "The English wrd is easy t remember."
There has been sme criticism(批评)f these wrds. Sme peple think they harm the purity (纯洁) f the Chinese language. "Sme peple wrship(崇拜)the West crazily and use freign wrds t shw ff," language expert Xia Jixuan tld Peple's Daily.
Shuld we clse the dr t freign wrds? "We can bring in freign wrds and lcalize(将…本土化)them. That gives the Chinese language new life," said Ya Xishuang, a language fficial frm the Ministry f Educatin.
Nw, experts are wrking n fficial translatins f ppular freign wrds. Fr example, PM2.5. is“细颗粒物”in Chinese.
1. Abbreviatins like "NBA" cme frm .
A. their Chinese translatins B. their English names
C. nline cnversatins D. the mired use f English and Chinese
2. What d we knw frm Zhang Hangyu?
A. Yung peple use freign wrds t shw ff.
B. Chinese peple wrship the West.
C. English abbreviatins are easy t remember.
D. Nt all English wrds have Chinese translatins.
3. Paragraph 4 is mainly abut .
A. peple's wrries abut the mixed use f languages
B. the effects f using English abbreviatins
C. what we can d t stp the mixed use f languages
D. why Chinese peple like using English while speaking-
4. What can we learn frm the last tw paragraphs?
A. We shuld spread Chinese thrughut the wrld.
B. Learning English is necessary fr mst peple.
C. We dn't need t use any freign wrds.
D. China is trying t lcalize freign wrds.
【对点练习】
一、单项选择(每小题1分，共10分)
( )1.D yu write a reprt an animal danger fr the club?
A. abut;n B. n; in C. t; frm D. in; with
( )2. My parents lent me the mney. , I culdn't pay fr the trip.
A. And B. But C. Otherwise D. Hwever
( )3 .They were all very tired, but f them tk a rest.
A. nne B. all C. bth D. either
( )4.— d peple the baby girl? —Helen.
A. Hw; call B. What;say C. Hw; tell D. What;call
( )5.—Mum, I g ut t play with my friends nw?
—Sure, but yu clean up yur bedrm first.
A. must;need B. may; must C. must; need D. need;must
( )6. the help f the pliceman, I fund my wallet.
A. Under; lsing B. Because; lst C. After; lse D. With;lst
( )7.—I want t knw t mve t the new building. —Next mnth.
A.where B. when C. hw D. what
( )8.Yu must remember any animal when visiting the z.
A. nt t feed B. t feed nt C. t nt feed D. feed nt t
( )9. If peple knw mre abut pllutin(污染), they will d smething .
A. may be;helping B. may be; t help
C. maybe;helping D. maybe;t help
( )10.Hundreds f peple in the village hunt and fish fr a .
A.life B. live C. living D. lives
二、词汇检测(每小题1分，共10分)
根据下列句子及所给汉语注释或通过上下文，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。每空只写一词。
1. If animals stay in the (野外), they will be free.
2. Maybe smeday these animals will be (无处)t be fund
3. Yu will get a gd (结果)if yu try yur best.
4. Ding eye exercises is gd fr (保护)ur eyes.
5. Listen t me, (否则，要不然), yu'll regret(后悔).
6. I live in the city fr a lng time. I wn't get (迷路的)in it.
7. Only ne f the rms (面对)suth, s I dn't like it.
8.—I think he is t yung t the Swimming Club.
—Yu're wrng. In fact, he is ver 18 years ld.
9.—I have n idea if I shuld her invitatin.
—I think yu'd better refuse it. She is always dishnest.
10.—I am ging t study hard frm nw n.
— speak luder than wrds. Yu shuld d it instead f saying.
八上U5-U6复习
1.beginning
2.beginning
3.beginning
4.begin
5.sadly fatter
6.sadly dead
7.B
8.fggier
9.safe
10.medical danger
11.prtect
12.prtectin
13.prtectin
14.prtectin
15.prtecting
16.death
17.death
18.A
19.D
20.t accept
21.invitatin
22.B
23.D
24.D
25.A
26.A
27.B
28.C
29.C
30.B
31.making
32.wife’s
33.natural
34.natural
35.natural
36.natural
37.prviding
38.advice
39.turists
40.imprtance
41.silence
42.imprtance
43.B
44.dancer
45.intrduced
46.intrductin
47.D
48.B
49.A
50.lead
51.A
52.A
53.A
54.A
【技能提优】
BCAD
【对点练习】
II.Exercise
一、单项选择
1-5 BCADB.6-10DBADC
二、词汇检测
1.wild 2.nwhere 3.result 4.prtecting 5.therwise
6. lst7.. faces 8. jin 9. accept .10. Actins
Teaching bjectives
1.知识目标：学生能够掌握第五六单元的单词
2.技能目标：学生能够掌握第五六单元的短语
3.情感目标：学生能够有意识地学习英语
Key pints, Difficult pints
掌握第五六单元的单词