遵义清华中学2022-2023学年高二下学期3月第一次月考英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份遵义清华中学2022-2023学年高二下学期3月第一次月考英语试卷(含答案)，共19页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
China is ne f the wrld’s ancient civilizatins and has the earliest utstanding brnze casting (青铜冶铸) technlgy. Here we’ve created a list f 4 museums where yu can gain an in-depth understanding f Chinese brnze.
Sanxingdui Museum
Address: Sanxingdui Ruin Site, 133 Xiangxin Rad, Guanghan, Deyang, Sichuan prvince
Hurs: Cmprehensive Gallery (the first exhibitin hall): 8:30—18:00; Brnze Gallery (the secnd exhibitin hall): 8:30—18:30. (n entry after 17:00). Clsed n the mrning f Chinese New Year’s Eve.
Ticket bking: 0838-5651526
General admissin: Gallery ticket 80 yuan
Nte: Children shrter than 1.2 m (including 1.2 m) can visit the gallery free f charge. The ticket must be used n the day it is sld.
Natinal Museum f China
Address: East side f Tian’anmen Square, Dngcheng district, Beijing
Hurs: 8:30—17:00 (n entry after 16:30)
General admissin: Free (passprt required fr entry). Clsed Mndays (except fr natinal hlidays)
E-mail:webmaster@chnmuseum.cn
Shanghai Museum
Address: 201 Renmin Avenue, Huangpu district, Shanghai
Hurs: 9:00—17:00 (n entry after 16:00). Clsed Mndays (except fr natinal hlidays).
E-mail:webmaster@shanghai-museum.rg
General admissin: Free (a max f 8,000 admitted daily).
Hunan Museum
Address: 50 Dngfeng Rad, Changsha, Hunan prvince
Hurs: 9:00—17:00 (n entry after 16:00). Clsed Mndays (except fr natinal hlidays) and the eve f Chinese New Year.
Tel: (+86-731) 84415833, 84475933
E-mail:web@hnmuseum.cm
General admissin: Free (passprt required fr entry).
1．Which museum shuld yu chse fr yur family t visit next Mnday?
A. Sanxingdui Museum.B. Hunan Museum.
C. Shanghai Museum.D. Natinal Museum f China.
2．What d these museums in this passage have in cmmn?
A. They are all free f charge.
B. They all set a deadline fr entry.
C. They all lie in the suth f China.
D. They can all be available thrugh e-mail.
3．In which part f a newspaper can yu mst prbably read this passage?
A. Sprts.B. News.
C. advertisement.D. Histry and Culture.
There are t many fat peple in America, s many Americans are fighting against verweight. But the strange thing is that the French, wh cnsume rich fd, cntinue t stay thin. Nw a research by Crnell University suggests hw life style and decisins abut eating may affect weight. Researchers cncluded that the French tend t stp eating when they feel full. Hwever, Americans tend t stp when their plates are empty r their favrite TV shw is ver.
Accrding t Dr.Jseph Mercla, a health expert, the French see eating as an imprtant part f their life style. They enjy fd and therefre spend a fairly lng time at the table, while Americans see eating as smething t be squeezed between the ther daily activities. Mercla believes Americans lse the ability t sense when they are actually full. S they keep eating lng after the French wuld have stpped. In additin, he pints ut that Americans drive t huge supermarkets t buy canned and frzen fds fr the week. The French, instead tend t shp daily, walking t small shps and farmers' markets where they have a chice f fresh fruits, vegetables, and eggs as well as high-quality meats fr each meal.
After a visit t the United States, Mireille Guilian, authr f French Wmen Dn't Get Fat, decided t write abut the imprtance f knwing when t stp rather than suggesting hw t avid fd. Tday she cntinues t stay slim and rarely ges t the gym.
In spite f all these differences, evidence shws that recent life style changes may be affecting French eating habits. Tday the rate f besity (肥胖) amng adults is nly 6%. Hwever, as American fast fd gains acceptance and the yung reject lder traditins, the besity rate amng French children has reached 17%-and is grwing.
4．Americans struggle with watching their weight mainly because ______.
A.they prefer t cnsume rich fd.
B.they nly buy fd in huge supermarkets.
C.they desire t be as slim as TV stars.
D.they fail t stp eating even if they are full.
5．What can we learn frm Dr.Jseph Mercla in paragraph 2?
A.Frenchmen place t much imprtance n eating.
B.Frenchmen have a smaller amunt f fd.
C.Americans like t buy fd in big supermarkets.
D.Americans have n interest fr fruits and vegetables.
6．Hw des the authr present his ideas in the text?
A.By giving examples.B.By prviding explanatins.
C.By making cmparisn.D.By listing figures.
7．What des the text fcus n?
A.Americans and Frenchmen.B.Lifestyle and besity.
C.Diet and persnalities.D.Fast fd and verweight.
Henry Cavendish was brn in Nice, France, n Octber 10, 1731, the ldest sn f Lrd Charles Cavendish and Lady Anne Grey, wh died a few years after Henry was brn. As a yuth he attended Dr. Newcmb's Academy in Hackney, England. He entered Peterhuse, Cambridge, in 1749, but left after three years withut taking a degree.
Cavendish returned t Lndn, England t live with his father. There, Cavendish built himself a labratry and wrkshp. When his father died in 1783, Cavendish mved the labratry t Clapham Cmmn, where he als lived. He never married and was s reserved that there is little recrd f his having any scial life except ccasinal meetings with scientific friends.
During his lifetime, Cavendish made striking discveries in chemistry, mainly between1766 and 1788, and in electricity, between 1771 and 1788. In 1783, he published a study f the means f determining the freezing pint f mercury(水银).In 1784, Cavendish determined the make-up f water, shwing that it was a cmbinatin f xygen and hydrgen. Cavendish's mst celebrated investigatin was that n the density(密度) f the earth.In1798, he published a single famus paper n the density f the earth.
Spending his whle life in the labratry and library, Cavendish's life was quite simple. He died in Lndn n February 24, 1810. But because he had a lw regard fr glry, he cared little abut publishing his results and getting pririty fr discvery, and much f his wrk remained unpublished. It was nt until the middle f the 19th century that sme extremely valuable materials were fund in his manuscripts(手稿), which prved that he had made a great cntributin t the develpment f science.
8．What happened t Cavendish in 1752?
A.His wife left him.B. He drpped ut f Cambridge.
C.His mther passed away.D. His labratry was n fire.
9．What des the underlined wrd “reserved” in paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A.Shy.B.Creative.C. Adaptable.D. Careful.
10．What des paragraph 3 mainly talk abut cncerning Cavendish?
A. His friends.B.His achievements.
C. His marriage life.D.His teenage years.
11．What can be learned abut Cavendish frm the last paragraph?
A. He died when he was 89 years ld.B. His cntributin still remains unknwn.
C. He had spent his life pursuing fame.D. His manuscripts are f great value.
Children lve getting dirty, with n regard fr ftwear r the clr f their clthing. "Dn't get dirty!" was nce a cnstant family refrain, as parents despairingly(绝望地) watched their children spil their best clthes. Whether they were running thrugh farmers' fields r climbing trees, it was bvius that children's whites wuld turn brwn befre the day was ver.
Tday, many parents may secretly wish their children had the chance t pick up a bit f dirt. With the rise f urbanism(城市化), and the attractin f vide games and scial media, cntact with nature is much rarer than in the past. Fr many, there is simply n pprtunity t get muddy.
Many f the psychlgical benefits f utdr play are already well established. Our brains evlved in natural landscapes. This means that natural scenes prvide the perfect level f stimulatin(刺激). which is thught t help recharge the brain when it is tired and easily distractible(注意力分散的). Supprting this thery, ne study frm 2009 fund that children with attentin-deficit hyperactivity disrder(ADHD)(注意力缺陷多动症) were better able t cncentrate fllwing a 20-minute walk in the park, cmpared t a 20-minute walk n the streets f a well-kept urban area. Being clse t grass and trees seemed t have had a beneficial effect n their minds. The authrs recmmended using such “dses f nature” as a safe and accessible way f supprting children with ADHD, alngside ther tls.
Outdr play can als ffer valuable learning experiences. Fr example, the act f shaping and stretching materials like mud r sand can help children develp the way their senses and mvement interact, knwn as sensrimtr(感觉运动) develpment, accrding t the scientists at the University f Palerm, Italy. This allws the child t gradually understand his r her bdily signals.
Given the knwn psychlgical benefits, many day-care centers and schls are already encuraging greater cntact with nature-with utdr lessns, regular nature walks and the cnstructin f mud kitchens that encurage children t play in the dirt.
12．What des the underlined wrd "refrain" mean in Paragraph One?
A.Reslutin.B.Decisin.C.Cmplaint.D.Judgement.
13．Which is irrelevant t the reasn fr getting clse t nature less?
A.Living in the city.B.Getting badly ill.
C.Lst in vide games. D.Addicted t scial media.
14．What is Paragraph Three mainly abut?
A.The stimulatin t the tired brain.
B.The medicine fr children with ADHD.
C.The mental prmtin frm city walking.
D.The brain restratin frm utdr activity.
15．What will the authr be likely t talk abut next?
A.Mre benefits f utdr plays. B.Further study n bdy signals.
C. Many skills f playing dirt. D.Detailed infrmatin n mud kitchens.
二、七选五
16．Mre and mre research is shwing that the key t lifelng gd health is what experts call "lifestyle medicine"-making simple changes in diet,exercise,and stress management. T help yu turn that knwledge int results, we've put tgether this manageable list f health and wellness tips t keep healthy.
Give yurself a break
“I spend cuntless hurs ding cardi（健心运动）and never seem t lse that last ten punds！”is a cmmn cmplaint I hear frm clients. Give yurself permissin t shrten yur wrkuts.①_____.Yur bdy can plateau（处于停滞状态）if nt given adequate rest t restre itself, ultimately leading t a decline in perfrmance. Breaking dwn yur rutine int varius training mdes can help prevent vertraining.②_____
Think small
③_____.If yu have a can f sda at lunchtime every day, have a glass f water tw days a week instead. Starting with small, painless changes helps establish the mentality that healthy changes are nt necessarily painful changes. It's easy t build frm here by adding mre healthy substitutins.
④_____
Yu can d all the right things-but if yu have persnal relatinships with peple wh have unhealthy habits, it is ften a hard battle. ⑤_____.Get yur family r friends invlved with yu when yu walk r plan healthier meals. Making healthy changes with a lved ne can bring yu clser tgether and mtivate yu.
A.Keep gd cmpany
B.Get rid f unhealthy habits
C. Ding s gives yur wrkuts a new purpse
D. Believe it r nt, vertraining culd be the prblem
E.Yu can als help balance yur prgram by simply incrprating mre variety
F. The healthiest peple are thse wh have relatinships with ther healthy peple
G. Try t fcus first n ne small unhealthy habit and turn it int a healthy, psitive habit
三、完形填空（15空）
One day, Jake Shaffer and Aidan Arie were walking alng the shre n Huntingtn Beach in Califrnia. Unexpectedly, they 1 a small plane crash int the cean nearby. The junir lifeguards 2 jumped int actin. Aidan ran t the shre where the plane was, grabbed a bard and quickly paddled (划) ut int the 3 , while Jake gt his bard and 4 behind him as fast as he culd. When they 5 the plane, they gt the pilt nt Jake's bard. Jake nticed a small cut n the pilt's head and kept 6 him if he was OK.
"His face paled (变苍白) with fear. Obviusly, he was t 7 t talk. We were als trying t learn infrmatin abut the persn and what had 8 . But he was sitting n the bard in 9 ,"Jake tld NBC.
They were then jined by ther teenagers wh 10 in the rescue, helping the 11 carry the pilt t shre. The pilt, wh was the nly ne n bard the plane, was thankfully OK and brught t the 12 where he was treated fr minr 13 .
He is definitely lucky t be alive, as this crash culd have been much wrse. The utcme culd have als been much 14 if the junir lifeguards were nt there t help the pilt s quickly after the crash. Bth lifeguards may be yung, but they've already prven hw brave they are at rescuing thse 15 in the water.
17．A.acknwledged B.analyzed C.witnessed D.demnstrated
18．A.creatively B.immediately C.ptentially D.barely
19．A.crwd B.plane C.strm D.cean
20．A.swam B.danced C.celebrated D.climbed
21．A.evaluated B.reached C.btained D.cmbined
22．A.cmfrting B.interrupting C.persuading D.asking
23．A.relieved B.frightened C.happy D.embarrassed
24．A.appeared B.brken C.happened D.changed
25．A.anger B.dubt C.hurry D.silence
26．A.linked B.transfrmed C.assisted D.defended
27．A.bys B.girls C.pilts D.dctrs
28．A.cmpany B.airprt C.hme D.hspital
29．A.injuries B.incnveniences C.peratins D.rles
30．A.successful B.direct C.different D.significant
31．A.in danger B.in detail C.in advance D.in charge
四、短文填空
32．Wang Yaping, a female taiknaut f Shenzhu XIII missin, ①_____ (becme) China's first and the wrld's 16th female space walker n physical challenges, female astrnauts have unique ②_____ (advantage) .
Understanding between astrnauts is very imprtant fr carrying ut space activities, which ③_____ (base) n excellent cmmunicatin skills. Wmen are better in cmmunicatin and language expressin, ④_____ (help) female astrnauts cnduct space activities.
Men and wmen are different in bdy size, ⑤_____ als gives wmen unique cnvenience fr spacewalks. They can cntrl their weight better and thus perfrm a wider variety f tasks. A different bdy shape requires a different spacesuit. Wang's tailr-made spacesuit was ⑥_____ (light) than the male versin. Designers imprved the pattern f this spacesuit t make it mre ⑦_____ (suit) fr astrnauts with slimmer figures.
Many studies als have fund that female astrnauts are mre ⑧_____ (cnsider) and better in qualities such as attentin t detail. Men tend t excel in shrter-term, gal-riented situatins, ⑨_____ wmen are better in lnger-term, habitatin-type circumstances. S we are witnessing histry thanks ⑩_____ Wang's bravery.
五、书面表达
33．假定你是李华,你的英国笔友David最近总是失眠,为此他感到非常苦恼,特发来邮件 向你寻求建议,请你给他回一封邮件。 内容包括:
1. 养成良好的睡前习惯;
2. 保持健康的饮食;
3. 保持乐观的心态。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使内容连贯
参考词汇:insmnia失眠
Dear David,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I grew up in a pr family with six brthers, three sisters, my father and mther. We had little mney and few gds, but plenty f lve and attentin. I was happy and energetic. I understd that n matter hw pr a persn was, he culd still affrd a dream.
My dream was athletics. By the time I was sixteen, I culd thrw a ninety-mile-per-hur fastball and hit anything mving n the ftball field. And I was s lucky that my high-schl cach was Ollie Jarvis, wh nt nly believed in me, but ften tld me “Dream is priceless”. Hwever, when I was abut t get ff the grund, ne particular incident happened, which almst ruined my lng-held dream.
It was the summer hliday in senir tw and a friend recmmended me fr a summer jb. I was ffered $12.25 per hur. Cmpared with the average $3.5, that was a big sum. I was s excited, because this meant a chance fr mney in my pcket, certainly mney fr a new bike and new clthes, and the start f savings fr a huse fr my mther. The prspect(前景) f the jb was inviting, and I wanted t jump at the pprtunity.
Then I realized I wuld have t give up summer baseball training t handle the wrk schedule. I didn't dare t tell my cach, I thught f the advice my mther ften gave me when I lacked curage, "If yu make yur bed, yu have t lie in it." I decided t talk t my cach in persn. After all, my dream f buying my mm a huse and having mney in my pcket was wrth facing his disappintment t me.
注意:
1.续写的词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I gathered my curage and kncked at his dr.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That questin reminded me f what my cach used t say.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据Sanxingdui Museum的“Hurs: Cmprehensive Gallery (the first exhibitin hall): 8:30-18:00; Brnze Gallery (the secnd exhibitin hall): 8:30-18:30. (n entry after 17:00). Clsed n the mrning f Chinese New Year’s Eve. (开放时间：综合展厅（第一展厅）：8:30—18:00；青铜展厅（第二展厅）：8:30-18:30（17:00后禁止入内）。除夕夜上午闭馆)”，Natinal Museum f China的“General admissin: Free (passprt required fr entry). Clsed Mndays (except fr natinal hlidays) (普通门票：免费（入场时需要护照）。周一休息（国定假日除外）)”， Shanghai Museum的“Hurs: 9:00—17:00 (n entry after 16:00). Clsed Mndays (except fr natinal hlidays).(开放时间：9：00—17:00（16:00后禁止入场）。周一休息（国定假日除外）。)”，及Hunan Museum的“Hurs: 9:00—17:00 (n entry after 16:00). Clsed Mndays (except fr natinal hlidays) and the eve f Chinese New Year. (开放时间：9:00—17:00（16:00后停止入场），周一（国定假日除外）和除夕休息。)”可知，中国国家博物馆、上海博物馆和湖南省博物馆星期一都是不开放的。故可推知，在星期一，只能带家人去参观三星堆博物馆。故选A项。
2．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。Sanxingdui Museum的“Hurs: Cmprehensive Gallery (the first exhibitin hall): 8:30—18:00; Brnze Gallery (the secnd exhibitin hall): 8:30—18:30. (n entry after 17:00). (开放时间：综合展厅（第一展厅）：8:30—18:00；青铜展厅（第二展厅）：8:30—18:30（17:00后禁止入内）。)”，Natinal Museum f China的“Hurs: 8:30—17:00 (n entry after 16:30) (开放时间:8:30-17:00 (16:30后禁止入内))”，Shanghai Museum的“Hurs: 9:00-17:00 (n entry after 16:00). (开放时间：9:00—17:00（16:00后禁止入场）)”，以及Hunan Museum的“Hurs: 9:00—17:00 (n entry after 16:00). (开放时间：9:00—17:00（16:00后停止入场）)”可知，三星堆博物馆17:00以后停止入场，中国国家博物馆16:30以后停止入场，上海博物馆和湖南省博物馆在16:00以后停止入场。故可推知，这四个博物馆的共同特点是都设置了入馆的最晚时间限制。故选B项。
3．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“China is ne f the wrld’s ancient civilizatins and has the earliest utstanding brnze casting (青铜冶铸) technlgy. Here we’ve created a list f 4 museums where yu can gain an in-depth understanding f Chinese brnze. (中国是世界文明古国之一，最早拥有杰出的青铜铸造技术。在这里，我们列出了4个博物馆，在那里你可以深入了解中国青铜。)”可推知，这篇文章应该是来自报纸的历史和文化版块。故选D项。
4．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“Mercla believes Americans lse the ability t sense when they are actually full. S they keep eating lng after the French wuld have stpped. (Mercla 认为,美国人在吃饱的时候失去了感知能力。 所以在法国人停止进食很久之后，他们还在继续进食。)”可知，美国人很难控制他们的体重，主要是因为 他们吃饱了也停不下来。故选D项。
5．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“In additin, he pints ut that Americans drive t huge supermarkets t buy canned and frzen fds fr the week.(此外，他指出，美国人开车去大型超市购买一周所需的罐装和冷冻食品。)”可知，美国人喜欢在大超市购买食物。故选C项。
6．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中“Researchers cncluded that the French tend t stp eating when they feel full. Hwever, Americans tend t stp when their plates are empty r their favrite TV shw is ver.(研究人员得出结 论，法国人在感到饱的时候往往会停止进食。然而，美国人往往会在他们的盘子空了或他们最喜欢的电视 节目结束时停下来。)”以及文章其他内容可知，作者在文中是通过比较美国人和法国人的饮食习惯来表达他的观点的。故选C项。
7．答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段中“Nw a research by Crnell University suggests hw life style and decisins abut eating may affect weight.(康奈尔大学的一项研究表明，生活方式和饮食习惯可能会影响体重。)”可知，文章的重点讲述了生活方式对肥胖的影响。故选B项。
8．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“He entered Peter huse, Cambridge, in 1749, but left after three years withut taking a degree.”可知,Cavendish在1752年从剑桥大学退学了。
9．答案：A
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后“that there is little recrd f his having any scial life except ccasinal meetings with scientific friends.”可推断,画线词和Shy 的意思相近。
10．答案：B
解析：段落大意题。根据第三段,尤其是“During his lifetime, Cavendish made striking discveries in chemistry, mainly between 1766 and 1788, and in electricity, between 1771 and 1788...”可推断,本段主要讲的是Cavendish的成就。
11．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“It was nt until the middle f the 19th century that sme extremely valuable materials were fund in his manuscripts(手稿), which prved that he had made a great cntributin t the develpment f science.”可推断,Cavendish的手稿很有价值。
12．答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段“ ‘Dn't get dirty!’ was nce a cnstant family refrain, as parents despairingly watched their children spil their best clthes.”的内容可知,当家长绝望地看着孩子们把最好的衣服弄脏的时候,跟孩子说的话一定是比较负面的内容。A项reslutin意为“决心”;B项decisin意为“决定”;C项cmplaint意为“抱怨”;D项judgement意为“判断”。故选C项。
13．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“Tday, many parents may secretly wish their children had the chance t pick up a bit f dirt. With the rise f urbanism, and the allure f vide games and scial media, cntact with nature is much rarer than in the past.(如今,许多父母可能暗自希望自己的孩子能有机会接触泥土。随着城市化的兴起,以及电子游戏和社交媒体的吸引,孩子们与自然的接触比过去少了很多。)”的内容可知,孩子不能接近自然的相关原因有城市化、电子游戏和社交媒体,所以排除A、C和D。B项意为“得重病”,文中并未涉及,所以B项为不相关的(“irrelevant”)原因。故选B项。
14．答案：D
解析：段落大意题。根据第三段的内容可知,户外游戏的许多心理益处已经得到了很好的证实。我们的大脑在自然中进化。自然事物可以刺激大脑,并在大脑疲劳和注意力不集中时为大脑充电。2009年的一项研究支持了这一理论,发现患有注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的儿童在公园散步20分钟后,比在维护良好的城市街道上散步20分钟更能集中注意力。靠近草地和树木对孩子们的大脑和思想产生有益的影响。作者建议将这种“自然剂量”与其他工具一起,守护多动症儿童的安全。D项意为“户外活动恢复大脑”,符合题意。另外三项都是片面的。故选D项。
15．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“Given the knwn psychlgical benefits, many day-care centers and schls are already encuraging greater cntact with nature-with utdr lessns, regular nature walks and the cnstructin f mud kitchens that encurage children t play in the dirt.(鉴于已知的心理益处,许多日托中心和学校已经在鼓励更多的人去接触自然—户外课程、定期的自然散步和建造泥厨房,鼓励孩子们在泥土中玩耍。)”的内容可知,泥厨房是接下来要讲述的内容。故选D项。
16．答案：1-5 DEGAF
解析：①设空处上文提到，允许你自己缩短你的锻炼时间，而该空下文指出，如果没有给予足够的休息来恢复自己，你的身体可能会进入停滞期，最终会导致运动表现变差。故设空处应承上启下，引出下文中过度训练带来的问题。D项(信不信由你，过度训练可能是问题所在）符合语境。
②设空处上文提到，把你的日常训练分成各种训练模式可以帮助防止过度训练。E项（你还可以仅仅通过增添更多趣味性来帮助平衡你的计划）承接上文，讲述多样性的活动有助于防止过度训练。
③设空处下文提到，如果你每天在午餐时间喝一罐汽水，那么每周抽出两天的时间喝一杯水来代替。由此可知，设空处下文具体解释了设空处提到的正确做法。结合选项可知，G项(试图首先关注一个不健康的小习惯，然后把它变成一个健康的、积极的习惯）符合语境。
④设空处位于本段小标题处，应概括本段的主要内容。本段主要阐述好的伙伴对于保持健康生活的重要性，结合选项可知，A项（结交好的伙伴)符合语境。
⑤设空处上文提到，你可以做所有对的事情—但如果你和那些有不健康习惯的人来往，保持健康的生活方式通常是一场艰苦的战斗。下文具体介绍了如何做出健康的改变。F项（最健康的人是那些与其他健康的人来往的人）承上启下，符合语境。
17．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:他们亲眼目睹一架小飞机坠毁在附近的大海里。A. acknwledged 承认；B. analyzed 分析；C. witnessed亲眼目睹；D. demnstrated 证明。根据下文“a small plane crash int the cean nearby(一架小飞机坠毁在附近的大海里)”可推理出，两人亲眼目睹飞机坠毁，故选C项。
18．答案：B
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意:这两个年轻救生员立即投入行动。A. creatively有创造性地;B. immediately 立即; C. ptentially 潜在地;D. barely 仅仅;勉强可能。根据上文“a small plane crash int the cean nearby(一架小飞机坠毁在附近的大海里)”以及下文“jumped int actin(采取行动)”可推理出，紧急情况下，两位救生员 立即采取行动，故选B项。
19．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:艾丹跑向飞机坠毁的岸边，抓了一个木板快速划进了大海。同时杰克拿着他的 木板跟在后面尽可能快地游过去。A. crwd人群;B. plane飞机;C. strm暴风雨;D.cean大海;根据上文“they witnessed a small plane crash int the cean nearby(他们亲眼目睹一架小飞机坠毁在附近的大海里)” 可知，飞机坠毁在了海里，两个救生员游泳进入海里救援，故选D项。
20．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:同上。A. swam 游泳;B.danced 跳舞;C.celebrated 庆祝;D. climbed爬。根据上文“they witnessed a small plane crash int the cean nearby(他们亲眼目睹一架小飞机坠毁在附近的大海里)”可知飞机坠毁在了海里，杰克在海里游泳前往救援，故选A项。
21．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:当他们到了飞机跟前的时候，他们把飞行员拖到杰克的木板上。A. evaluated 评估;B. reached 到达;C. btained 获得;D. cmbined组合。根据下文“they gt the pilt nt Jake's bard(他们把飞行员拖到木板上)”可知，两位救生员游到了飞机跟前，故选B项。
22．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:杰克发现飞行员的头上有个伤口，不停地问他是否没事。A. cmfrting 安慰;B. interrupting打扰；C. persuading 劝说;D. asking询问。根据下文“if he was OK(是否没事)”可知，杰克在询问飞行员身体状况，故选D项。
23．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意:很明显，他太害怕了，以至于不能讲话。A. relieved 释然的；B. frightened 害怕的;C. happy高兴的;D. embarrassed窘迫的。根据上文“His face paled(变苍白)with fear(他的脸因为恐惧变得苍白)”可知，此刻飞行员非常害怕，以至于无法说话，故选B项。
24．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们还试图了解关于这个人的信息以及发生了什么事。A. appeared 出现;B. brken 打破;C. happened 发生;D. changed 改变。根据下文“But he was sitting n the bard in silence(但是他沉默地坐在木板上)”可推理出两位救生员询问发生了什么事，故选C项。
25．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:但是他沉默地坐在木板上。A. anger生气;B. dubt怀疑;C. hurry 匆忙；D. silence 沉默。根据上文“he was t frightened t talk(他非常恐惧以至于无法说话)”可推理出，飞行员坐在木板上默不作声，故选D项。
26．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:帮助救援的其他青少年加入了他们，帮着两个男孩子把飞行员拖上岸。A. linked 连接；B. transfrmed变形;C. assisted 帮助;D. defended防御。根据上文“They were then jined by ther teenagers(其他青少年加入了他们)”可知这些青少年是帮忙救援的，故选C项。
27．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:同上。A. bys男孩子;B.girls女孩子；C.pilts飞行员；D. dctrs医生。根据 上文“ther teenagers(其他青少年)”可知发起救援的两个年轻救生员是两个青少年，再根据第一段“Jake gt his bard(杰克拿起了他的木板)”可知这是两个男孩子，故选A项。
28．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:谢天谢地,机上唯一的人—飞行员安然无恙,他被送往医院治疗轻伤。A. cmpany 公司；B. airprt机场;C. hme家;D. hspital医院。根据下文“where he was treated fr minr injuries(在那里治疗轻伤)”可知飞行员被送往医院，故选D项。
29．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:同上。A. injuries受伤；B. incnveniences不便;C. peratins 手术；D. rles 角 色。根据上文“was thankfully OK(谢天谢地，安然无恙)”可知，飞行员受了轻伤，故选A项。
30．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意:坠机后如果这两个年轻救生员没有如此迅速地去救援的话，结果会大不相同。A. successful成功的;B. direct 直接的;C. different 不一样的;D. significant重要的。根据下文“if the junir lifeguards were nt there t help the pilt s quickly after the crash(坠机后如果这两个年轻救生员没有如此迅速 地去救援的话)”可知本句使用了虚拟语气假设了一种不同的情况，由此会产生不一样的结果，故选C项。
31．答案：A
解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意:但是他们拯救那些在水里身处危险的人已经证明了他们是多么勇敢。A. in danger 在危险中;B.in detail 详细地;C. in advance提前;D. in charge主管。根据上文“rescuing(拯救)”可推理本 句要表达的是拯救那些身处危险中的人，故选A项。
32．答案：became；advantages；is based；helping；which；lighter；suitable；cnsiderate；while/but；t
解析：①考查动词时态。句意:11月8日，神舟十三号女航天员王亚萍成为中国首位、世界第16位女航天员。根据 n Nv. 8可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填 became。
②考查名词复数。句意:尽管女性宇航员面临身体上的挑战，但她们有独特的优势。advantage“优势”，是可数名词，前无限定词，应用复数形式，表泛指。故填 advantages。
③考查动词语态。句意:宇航员之间的理解对于开展太空活动非常重要，这是建立在优秀的沟通技巧基础上 的。此处是非限定性定语从句的谓语动词，关系代词 which 替代先行词 Understanding，在从句中作主语，从句谓语动词使用单数形式;which 与 base 是逻辑动宾关系，应用被动语态;句子陈述客观事实，应用一 般现在时。故填 is based。
④考查非谓语动词。句意:女性的沟通能力和语言表达能力更强，可以帮助女性宇航员进行太空活动。此处 表示一种自然的结果，即属预料之中的事，应用现在分词，作结果状语。故填 helping。
⑤考查定语从句。句意:男性和女性的体型不同，这也为女性太空行走提供了独特的便利。此处是非限定性 定语从句，关系词指代前面整句话的内容，作从句主语，应用关系代词 which引导。故填which。
⑥考查形容词比较级。句意:王的特制宇航服比男版宇航服更轻。根据空后 than可知，此处应用形容词比较 级，作表语。故填 lighter。
⑦考查形容词。句意:设计师改进了这种宇航服的样式，使其更适合身材较苗条的宇航员。此处作宾语补足语，补充说明宇航服的特性，应用形容词。故填 suitable。
⑧略
⑨考查连词。句意:男性往往在短期、目标导向的情况下表现出色，但女性在长期、居住类型的情况下表现更好。前后句意存在转折关系，应用转折连词while 或but。故填 while 或but。
⑩考查介词。句意:所以，多亏了王的勇敢，我们见证了历史。固定短语 thanks t“多亏了”，t是介词。 故填t。
33．答案：
Dear David,
I am srry t hear that yu have a prblem with insmnia. T help yu ut, I’d lve t ffer yu sme advice.
First, it’s vital t frm a healthy bedtime habit. Yu’d better nt watch films fr a lng time r listen t music that excites yu. Als, keeping a balanced diet plays a significant rle in yur gd sleep. A cup f milk befre bed may help yu sleep sund thrugh the whle night. Mre imprtantly, it’s a gd idea t hld a psitive attitude twards life instead f being anxius frequently.
I hpe my advice is wrth taking and will benefit yu.
Yurs,
Li Hua
34．答案：
I gathered my curage and kncked at his dr. As expected, his face turned purple immediately. He glared at me like a bull. "Yu have yur whle life t wrk," he said, "but yur playing days are limited. Yu can't affrd t waste them." I std befre him with my head dwn. "Hw much will yu be paid?" He asked. "$12.25 per hur." "Well," he shrugged. "Is $12.25 an hur the price f a dream?"
That questin reminded me f what my cach used t say. Yes, dream is priceless. It's stupid t earn pcket mney at the expense f my dream. I held my head high and said firmly, "Srry, Mr. Jarvis. I knw what t d next." My cach smiled with great satisfactin. That summer I dedicated myself t baseball training. And ne year later, I btained a baseball schlarship t the University. I knew I wuld sn buy my mum a huse. Thankfully, I made a right chice. Withut Mr. Jarvis, I wuld never knw I culd affrd a dream.
解析：本文为记叙文。主要讲述了作者出生在并不富裕的家庭，但他很有运动天赋，梦想当一名运动员，高中时遇到了影响自己一生的教练Ollie Jarvis,他经常说的话是"梦想是无价的"。高二那年的暑假，作者想去做兼职补贴家用，因而打算放弃棒球训练，却不敢跟教练说，在母亲的鼓励下，作者决定当面跟教练说明情况。
高分句型一：It's stupid t earn pcket mney at the expense f my dream.
译文：以我的梦想为代价赚零花钱是愚蠢的。
分析：这句话使用it作为形式主语，不定式内容是真正的主语。
高分句型二：Withut Mr. Jarvis, I wuld never knw I culd affrd a dream.
译文：如果没有贾维斯先生，我永远不会知道我能实现一个梦想。
分析：这句话使用knw后面接宾语从句。