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专题07 阅读理解之议论文-九年级英语上学期期中真题分类汇编（全国通用）
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这是一份专题07 阅读理解之议论文-九年级英语上学期期中真题分类汇编（全国通用），共16页。
Scientists fund that peple wh have fewer friends in real life are happier than thse wh have plenty f friends.
Researchers frm the University f Leeds, UK, studied data frm tw nline surveys f nearly 1,500 peple. Thse wh tk part in the survey gave details (细节) abut their ages, scial interactins (社交活动), and hw satisfied they were with their scial lives. The researchers fund that thse wh had a small number f clse friends generally were happier than thse wh had a large number f superficial (表面的) friends.
“Lneliness has less t d with the number f friends yu have, and mre t d with hw yu feel abut yur friends,” said WandiBruine, ne f the researchers.
Bruine fund that lder peple had smaller scial circles than yung peple, but the peple in these circles were clser t them. Yunger peple, n the ther hand, had bigger circles that were made up f “peripheral (次要的) thers”—peple wh are nt true friends, but just peple they knw. These s-called friends didn’t affect yunger peple’s happiness.
The results f the study shwed that the steretypes (偏见) sciety had abut ld peple being sad and lnely might nt be right.
“The research shws that lder peple’s smaller scial circles didn’t have a bad effect n scial satisfactin and happiness. In fact, lder peple had a better feeling f happiness than yunger peple,” said Brine.
Based n these results, the study believes that peple shuld pay mre attentin t the ties with clse friends instead f increasing the number f friends.
1．Accrding t the study, peple may be happier when they ________.
A．have a lt f fllwers n scial mediaB．are satisfied with their wrk and lives
C．make friends with peple wh are lderD．have a small circle f friends
2．(新题型) The underlined wrd “affect” in Paragraph 4 prbably means ________.
A．matterB．hurtC．influenceD．discver
3．What can we knw frm Paragraphs 4 and 5?
A．Older peple have clser friends than yung peple.
B．Yung peple dn’t need t make peripheral friends.
C．Older peple’s happiness has nthing t d with their friends.
D．Bth ld and yung peple find it hard t make friends.
4．Accrding t the passage, Bruine thught the lder peple were ________.
A．nervusB．happyC．lnelyD．sad
5．The passage mainly talks abut ________.
A．different types f friends
B．changes in peple’s happiness levels
C．the relatinship between happiness and the number f friends
D．interactins between ld and yung peple
Everyne lives in scial grups frm the day they were brn. In the family, there are parents and relatives. In the schl, there are teachers and classmates. At wrk, there are teammates and leaders.
Often, sme small things may lead t misunderstandings(误会). Then the relatinship(关系) between each ther may get wrse and wrse. Hwever, if we can stand in thers’ shes, we may understand ther peple’s feelings, and then things will be slved. S hw t treat and deal with the relatinship crrectly becmes mre imprtant.
In sciety, understanding ther peple can help us see and understand situatins in a different way. Learning sme basic skills can help us understand each ther better. Understanding thers is influenced(被影响) by feelings. This means that if a persn is happy, he’ll be mre willing t help and understand thers. But if a persn feels angry, he is less likely t want t understand ther peple.
Listening is ne f the best ways t understand thers better. If smene is talking, listen carefully. This will make him r her feel gd. He r she will be mre likely t share the prblems with yu. Smetimes, we nly care ur individual pinins, s we think everything we say is crrect. N matter what thers say, we just refuse t listen. As a result, we wn’t understand thers.
N matter what kind f rles we are in sciety, when having different pinins r meeting difficulties, we shuld keep calm t think abut the situatin we’re facing. Every small act can build gd scial cnnectins and make us have a better understanding f each ther.
6．When a persn feels ________, he will be mre willing t help and understand thers.
A．B．C．D．
7．Which is ne f the best ways t understand thers better?
A．Talking ludly.B．Cmmunicating less.
C．Refusing directly.D．Listening carefully.
8．What des the underlined wrd “individual” prbably mean?
A．Imprtant.B．Persnal.C．Interesting.D．Bad.
9．What can yu learn frm the passage?
A．Peple shuld care mre abut the imprtant things in life.
B．Small misunderstandings may nt lead t wrse relatinship.
C．We shuld keep calm when facing difficulties r having different pinins.
D．If we stand in thers’ shes, things will becme wrse.
10．What is the best title fr the passage?
A．Ideas abut understanding thers
B．Differences between scial grups
C．Ideas abut cmmunicating with peple
D．Ideas abut changing the situatin yu are facing
D yu want t imprve yur physics and chemistry grades? Well, maybe yu shuld first learn smething abut the struggles (斗争) f great scientists.
The American Psychlgical Assciatin (美国心理学会) did a study. Mre than 400 students in New Yrk City tk part in it. The students were divided int three grups. Grup 1 read a typical textbk that describes the achievements f great Scientists. Grup 2 read abut thse scientists persnal struggles. Fr example, as a Jew, Einstein escaped frm Nazi Germany t avid being killed. Grup 3 read abut the scientists’ intellectual (智力的) struggles, such as Marie Curie’s tailed experiments. These stries abut struggles als tld students hw the scientists dealt with these prblems.
The students tk a science test befre the study. After the six-week study, they tk anther. Scientists fund thse in Grups 2 and 3 imprved their science grades. Students in Grup 1 didn’t see a grade increase. Sme f them even had lwer grades after the study.
The study was led by Xiadng Lin Siegler, a prfessr. Accrding t Xiadng, kids ften think Einstein was brn a genius. They believe they will never match him. Many f them fail t realize that any success requires a lng jurney. Alng the way, there are many failures.
Students wh read the struggle stries were mre likely t say great scientists were like themselves. The “great minds” als had t slve prblems t achieve success.
Xiadng says tday’s science textbks fail t bring science t life. As a result, students hardly cnsider science as part f their everyday lives. Instead, they just see a lng list f facts that they have t remember. Xiadng thinks textbks shuld include mre stries abut hw great scientists had t struggle t succeed. And they shuld pay mre attentin t hw these scientists respnded t the prblems they met alng the way.
11．Accrding t the passage, we can imprve ur physics and chemistry grades by ________.
A．reading the achievements f great scientists mre carefully
B．listening mre carefully t ur physics and chemistry teachers
C．learning abut the difficulties that great scientists nce experienced
D．spending mre time remembering the lists f facts in ur science textbks
12．Wh tk part in the study held by the American Psychlgical Assciatin?
A．Students wh went t schls in New Yrk City.
B．Students wh Studied in secndary schl.
C．Students wh were interested in physics and chemistry.
D．Students wh were pr at physics and chemistry grades.
13．Accrding t the last paragraph, Xiadng thinks that ________.
A．Tday’s science textbks bring much science t life
B．Students shuld study harder t becme a great scientist.
C．Students nly need t remember a lng list f facts.
D．It is meaningful t learn hw scientists struggle t succeed.
14．Where can we prbably find this passage?
A．A nvel.B．A fashin magazine.C．A stry bk.D．An educatin website.
A phenmenn knwn as “kuakuaqun” r “praise grup” has taken Chinese scial media by strm. The number f tpics like this n Weib has reached mre than 23 millin. Users can jin a chat grup n WeChat r QQ, where they are shwered with varieties f generus praise and encuragement.
Just imagine the scenes: Yu get an A in an exam and yu want t get sme praise. When yu pst it int a praise grup, yu are praised fr nt nly yur effrts but als being as clever as Albert Einstein. It’s 10 p.m. and yu are the nly persn in the ffice. Yu receive a reply, “Yu are s hardwrking! Yu’ll definitely get a higher psitin! Praise t yu!” Even if yu g t a tilet and frget taking sme tissue, smene pints ut that “yu’re caring abut trees and the envirnment! Gd fr yu!”
Hw wuld yu feel?
The appearance f “praise grups” prvides an pprtunity fr rdinary peple wh cannt get psitive feedback easily in their daily life t get cmfrt frm their hears. It als shws the life and scial pressure f tday’s yung peple. Mrever, the ppularity f these chat grups is a reflectin f Chinese culture which values mdesty and humility—peple ften hide their true emtin f seeking and giving praise. As lng as peple’s praise desn’t sund bviusly untruthful, yu’re likely t welcme it. Smetimes, peple enjy praising thers as well, just because here they can drp everything and have fun by giving lavish(夸张的) cmments. Hwever, sme peple are als willing t encurage and supprt thers frm their hearts.
Sme netizens(网民) shared their ideas, “I take it as a way f adjusting the md. The praise grup helps in adding ur cnfidence. Sme sincere praises can even be inspiring(鼓舞人心的). Hwever, if yu’re really in truble, it is yu wh hlds the final key.” Clearly, sme dishnest praise cmes at a cst. Chen Kan, an prfessr in Fudan University’s psychlgy department warned that “The biggest risk is t cntinue t stress n the ‘false self’, which makes it harder t see the ‘true self’. In the end, peple in the grup will find that such unreasnable praise desn’t help slve the real prblem. Sn the whle grup will be silent and dead.”
Perhaps the praise grups are “a flash in the pan”, which might disappear sner r later. N matter hw yu think f it, nly when yu can understand the pressure. criticism and praise crrectly, will yu face them bravely. Dn’t lse yurself in thers’ vices—that is what really matters.
15．The writer mentins the examples in Paragraph 2 t shw ________.
A．wh wants t jin “praise grups”
B．hw peple can jin “praise grups”
C．what peple can get frm “praise grups”
D．when peple need t jin “praise grups”
16．Why d peple like t jin “praise grups”?
A．T hide real feelings f themselves.B．T ask fr suggestins frm thers.
C．T express the values f their wn.D．T get cmfrt and be encuraged.
17．Accrding t the passage, the writer may agree that ________.
A．we shuld see urselves crrectly and psitively
B．praise grup is effective fr dealing with trubles
C．we shuld speak highly f thers t please each ther
D．praise grup is necessary fr building self-cnfidence
18．Which is the best title fr the passage?
A．“Praise Grup”: Is it wrth giving it a try?
B．“Praise Grup”: Des it help t knw yurself?
C．“Praise Grup”: Is it imprtant t praise thers?
D．“Praise Grup”: Des it change yur persnality?
Everyne has dreams and gals fr the future. But why d yu still end up with nthing? What separates success peple frm the dreamers is their persistent（饮而不舍的）actin. Yu will ften find sme f yur lessns in schl very hard. Try and keep trying, and yu’ll be sure t successfully deal with any difficulty yu meet with.
This is the famus frmula（公式）fr success:
Dream ＞ Believe ＞ Achieve
Mst peple have what they want（Dream）and think they can realize their dreams（Believe）. But they d nthing. When they get tired waiting and lse a lt, they get bred.
I persnally believe that if yu really want t achieve yur dreams and gals in life, yu have t add ne thing t yur success frmula:
Dream ＞ Believe ＞ Act ＞ Achieve
Fr me, act is the mst imprtant thing fr success, and that’s t Take Persistent Actin（Act）. “I’ll try” creates wnders. Let’s remember that there will be difficulties in ur life. We must face them bravely and slve them. Mst successful peple made their dreams cme true because f their persistent actin.
Please remember: Actin is the bridge that cnnects ur dreams and gals t reality.
19．What shuld yu d when yu find yur lessns very hard?
A．Ask peple fr helpB．Try and keep trying
C．Get ready t create wndersD．Prepare fr a harder ne
20．Why des the writer use the frmula “Dream ＞ Believe ＞ Act ＞ Achieve” ?
A．T supprt his idea.B．T ask readers t explain it.
C．T shw what his gals are.D．T cmpare it with a bridge.
21．Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the passage?
A．Ding Smething ValuableB．Studying Hard and Making Prgress
C．Realizing Dreams with Persistent ActinD．Separating Successful Peple frm Dreams
Mdern technlgy has made it easier fr cmmn peple t rent things r services t (将……租给……) thers. With an Internet cnnectin and a mbile phne, we can find almst anything. It culd be a new dress t wear n the weekend, r smene t clean ur huse. This is the sharing ecnmy (共享经济), and it is nw a $20 billin-a-year business. But sme peple are nw asking: Just hw gd is it fr sciety in general?
Nt lng ag, when peple went n vacatin, they usually stayed in a htel. Tday they have the chice f staying in smene’s private huse. They pay less, but what influence des this have n the htel industry and the ecnmy? Htels receive fewer guests, but they still have t pay salaries (薪水) t their staff and taxes (税) t the gvernment. Many peple wh rent ut rms d nt. S the gvernment gets less mney, and sme htels might even clse dwn.
Then there are car-sharing websites. Instead f using yur wn car fr a lng trip, yu can get a ride with smene fr a small amunt f mney. Sme peple argue this is better fr the envirnment since fewer cars n the rads mean less pllutin. But hw many peple chse t use these websites rather than taking the bus r the train? Public transprtatin is, after all, much kinder t the envirnment than cars.
Many websites ffer cking services. Instead f ging t a restaurant, yu can use yur mbile phne t rder dishes frm peple in yur neighbrhd. There is even a website where yu can buy leftvers (剩饭) that peple haven’t eaten! This is sure t save yu time and mney. But is it risky? Can yu trust the peple cking yur fd? Restaurants have t fllw strict rules t make sure their fd is safe t eat.
There is n dubt that the sharing ecnmy is grwing. Sme ecnmists think it will be wrth $335 billin by 2025. As new technlgy makes accmmdatin ( 住宿), transprtatin, and sharing fd easier, the questin f “Is it gd fr the ecnmy, the envirnment, and peple?” will remain.
22．What des the underlined wrd it in Paragraph 1 refer t?
A．Mdern technlgy.B．A mbile phne.C．The sharing ecnmy.
23．What may happen if peple chse t stay in private hmes instead f htels during their vacatin?
①Peple can save a little mney. ②The gvernment gets mre taxes.
③Htels might g ut f business.
A．①②B．①③C．②③
24．Which f the fllwing des the writer supprt mst accrding t Paragraph 3?
A．Driving yur wn car.B．Getting a ride with smene.C．Taking the bus r the train.
25．What d the ecnmists think the sharing ecnmy will be like fr the next few years?
A．It will end.B．It will grw.C．It will bring the gvernment truble.
Tw mnths ag, Starbucks aplgized (道歉) t the public fr asking fur lcal plicemen eating fd utside a Starbucks stre t leave, which caused lts f discussins n the Internet.
Reprts shw sme peple threw eggs t the stre and sme stpped the cleaning staff frm cleaning up t express their dissatisfactin and anger with the cmpany.
Such behavir shuld nt happen, nr is it necessary. We dn’t supprt any radical (激进的) actin. And it is believed this is nt what mst Chinese peple wuld like t see, nr des it stand fr the general public pinin in China.
In fact, the backlash (激烈反应) abut Starbucks’ behavir happened fr sme reasns. Starbucks said that there was n “driving away the plice”, and it was just a “misunderstanding” caused by the imprper cmmunicatin between the staff and the plicemen. The way Starbucks aplgized didn’t take the feelings f the Chinese public seriusly.
As an American cmpany that has been deeply develped in China fr many years, Starbucks shuld have a full understanding f the basic values f Chinese sciety and respect them. Peple in China respect the hard wrk f the plice and shw their kindness t the plice, but the Starbucks staff drve away the fur plicemen and asked them t find anther place, cmplaining that they culd have a negative influence n the stre’s image. That is anther reasn why many peple were still angry with what the cmpany did.
________ It nce aplgized t the public fr sme ther events such as selling fd that went bad and nt accepting cins frm custmers, but the result even added the il t the fire. Starbucks shuld reflect n why this happens repeatedly.
26．The reasn why Starbucks aplgized t the fur plicemen was that ________.
A．the Starbucks staff failed t invite them t the stre
B．the plicemen punished the staff fr their bad behavir
C．the Starbucks staff were influenced by the plicemen
D．the plicemen were required t leave by the staff
27．Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing is NOT TRUE?
A．Many peple weren’t pleased with Starbucks.
B．Starbucks shuld fully understand Chinese basic values.
C．The writer is fr the radical behavir twards Starbucks.
D．Starbucks nce aplgized t the public fr sme ther events.
28．Which sentence is the best t put in the “________”?
A．Starbucks shuld care mre abut fd safety as well.
B．This is nt the first time fr Starbucks t light a fire.
C．Hwever, that des nt mean Starbucks has n prblems.
D．S what actin shuld Starbucks take t deal with the terrible situatin?
29．The structure f the passage may be ________.
(①=Para.1 ②=Para.2 ③=Para.3 ④=Para.4 ⑤=Para.5 ⑥=Para.6)
A．B．C．D．
①In July last year, China intrduced the “duble reductin(双减)” plicy. It hpes t reduce students’ learning burden(负担). Hw d students feel abut this new plicy?
②“Our hmewrk is clearly less than befre,” said 13-year-ld ShenYuzhe frm Beijing. “I have jined a grup. The exercises are mainly frm the textbk.”
③Accrding t Shen, teachers nw teach at a much slwer speed. “Our teachers are als giving us mre chances t d experiments(实验) and learn frm real life,” said Shen. “Fr example, we went t research ants in a field during a bilgy class. Sme students nw spend mre time having fun when hmewrk is finished early.”
④Fr 13-year-ld Zhang Hangming frm Tianjin, the best thing abut “duble reductin” is the increased time in after-schl activities. “We are nt encuraged t buy wrkbks anymre, I can learn all kinds f skills ut f class,” said Zhang.
⑤Bth Shen and Zhang find there are fewer exams nw. But they dn’t think it’s necessarily a gd thing. “This is a much better way t learn things than just hitting the bks. Each exam shws my prgress as well as my weak pints,” Zhang said.
⑥Shen als pinted ut that when the burden is reduced, self-discipline becmes the key. “Exams push me t study harder. But if yu use all the free time t relax, yu might fall behind yur peers(同龄人),” he said.
30．Hw d Shen and Zhang like having fewer exams?
A．It has sme disadvantages.
B．It can certainly bring gd results.
C．It is gd fr their health and study.
D．It will be welcmed by every student.
31．What’s the purpse f the last paragraph?
A．T encurage students t relax themselves in their free time.
B．T express hw happy Shen feels abut the new plicy.
C．T tell students that they still need t spend certain time studying.
D．T discuss hw t slve the prblems the new plicy brings.
32．What’s the passage mainly abut?
A．Hw t reduce students’ learning burden.
B．What students d in their spare time.
C．Hw t make students’ free time mre clrful.
D．Different ideas abut the “duble reductin” plicy.
Michael Jrdn is the greatest basketball player till nw. Once he was making a televisin advertisement, all he needed t d was t miss a sht.
Fr Michael, this was difficult. He had cnditined(定位) himself t succeed whenever he was thrwing the ball. Every time he threw a basketball, it went in. Every time he tried t miss a sht, he culdn’t. It tk him ver 20 attempts(尝试) befre he missed a sht.
Fr Michael, success is a strng habit. It tk him a lt f time t break it. Just like drinking, smking and cllecting things, success is als a habit. Once it is frmed, it is difficult t break. Many peple think that success is difficult t keep. They feel that it will be hard wrk and will need t much actin and fcus. The truth is that it is simply a habit and as easy t keep as any ther habit.
Spend sme time making success a habit in yur life. Once yu have develped it, it is nt smething yu want t change again.
33．In the advertisement Michael Jrdn needed t ________.
A．miss a shtB．thrw the basketball inC．keep his habitD．develp his skills
34．The writer used the example f Michael Jrdn t tell us ________.
A．he is the best basketball player f all timeB．he had wrked very hard t be successful
C．success is a strng habitD．success is a habit that is nt difficult t break
35．If yu want t succeed yu must ________.
A．miss the shtB．make success a habitC．keep thrwingD．make an advertisement
All kids are gd, but all kids can als be bad. Even the best kid can be bad smetimes. S, what shuld happen when a kid des smething bad? Shuld parents just talk t the kid? Or, shuld they punish the kid?
These used t be easy questins. In the past, yung children and students were beaten when they did smething bad. It was cmmn fr parents t beat yung children. They wuld hit the child with their hands. If a student talked in class r didn’t d his hmewrk, his teacher wuld hit him n the hand.
I’m shamed t say that I was ften punished when I was a very yung by in primary schl. I didn’t like it, and smetimes I didn’t think I deserved it. But, was I harmed by this punishment? N, nt really. Did the punishment imprve my behavir? Well, nly fr as lng as my hand hurt.
Beating children is nt allwed in mst cuntries, including China. Tday, mst children can nly be punished with “wrds”. But, is talking t them enugh? Or are there sme ther better frms f punishment?
36．In the past, if a student didn’t d his hmewrk, what shuld his teacher d?
A．His teacher wuld hit him n the bum.B．His teacher wuld get him ut f the classrm.
C．His teacher wuld hit him n the hand.D．His teacher wuld ask his parents t beat him.
37．Was the writer ften punished when he was in primary schl?
A．Yes, he was.B．N, he wasn’t.C．Yes, he did.D．N, he didn’t.
38．What is the main idea f the passage?
A．It’s abut hw t educate the children.
B．It is abut hw t behave well at schl.
C．It tells us hw t get n well with classmates.
D．It tells us that teenagers shuldn’t depend n parents.
参考答案
1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项最新的科学研究发现，即现实生活中拥有少量亲密朋友的人比拥有大量普通朋友的人更幸福。
1．细节理解题。根据原文“The researchers fund that thse wh had a small number f clse friends generally were happier than thse wh had a large number f superficial friends”可知，那些拥有少量亲密朋友的人通常比拥有大量普通朋友的人更快乐。故选D。
2．词句猜测题。根据“These s-called friends didn’t affect yunger peple’s happiness.”可知，年轻人交往的所谓的朋友实质上并不会对生活产生影响，因为这些朋友是表面的朋友，划线部分单词意为“影响”，与influence意思相近。故选C。
3．主旨大意题。通读4、5段可知，与刻板印象不同，老年人的亲密朋友事实上比年轻人的多。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据原文“In fact, lder peple had a better feeling f happiness than yunger peple”可知，在Bruine看来，事实上，老年人比年轻人有更好的幸福感。故选B。
5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项最新的科学研究发现，即现实生活中拥有少量亲密朋友的人比拥有大量普通朋友的人更幸福。故选C。
6．A 7．D 8．B 9．C 10．A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了人们日常交流中缺乏相互理解，这会导致彼此之间的矛盾，鼓励我们要站在他人的角度思考问题。
6．细节理解题。根据“This means that if a persn is happy, he’ll be mre willing t help and understand thers.”可知，如果一个人是快乐的，他会更愿意帮助和理解别人。故选A。
7．细节理解题。根据“Listening is ne f the best ways t understand thers better. If smene is talking, listen carefully.”可知，仔细倾听是更好地理解他人的最好方法之一。故选D。
8．词义猜测题。根据“Smetimes, we nly care ur individual matter what thers say, we just refuse t listen.”可知，拒绝倾听他人的观点，也就是只关心自己的观点，所以“individual”与“Persnal”意思相近，为“私人的，个人的”。故选B。
9．细节理解题。根据“when having different pinins r meeting difficulties, we shuld keep calm t think abut the situatin we’re facing.”可知，在遇到困难或有不同意见时，我们应该保持冷静，选项C符合文意。故选C。
10．最佳标题题。本文介绍了人们日常交流中缺乏相互理解，这会导致彼此之间的矛盾，鼓励我们要站在他人的角度思考问题。选项A“关于理解他人的想法”最适合作为本文的标题。故选A。
11．C 12．A 13．D 14．D
【导语】本文主要从探讨如何提高物理和化学成绩入手，通过美国心理学会做的研究和相关教授的看法，得出结论：学习科学家在解决问题中的思维方式才是最有意义的。
11．推理判断题。根据“These stries abut struggles als tld students hw the scientists dealt with these prblems.”和“Scientists fund thse in Grups 2 and 3 imprved their science grades.”可知，这些分组研究告诉学生们科学家们是如何应对这些问题的，也就是说通过学习科学家们曾经经历的困难去改善物理和化学成绩，故选C。
12．细节理解题。根据“Mre than 400 students in New Yrk City tk part in it.”可知，来自纽约的学生参加了这项研究，故选A。
13．推理判断题。根据“Xiadng thinks textbks shuld include mre stries abut hw great scientists had t struggle t succeed.”可知，肖东认为教科书应该包含更多关于伟大的科学家是如何努力取得成功的故事，也就是说了解科学家如何努力取得成功才是有意义的，故选D。
14．推理判断题。本文主要是以提高物理和化学成绩入手，讨论应该学习科学家解决问题的思维方式和方法，可推测这篇文章应该出现在教育网站上，故选D。
15．C 16．D 17．A 18．A
【导语】本文主要就“夸夸群”这一现象进行讨论，辩证分析其背后的原因。
15．细节理解题。根据“Yu get an A in an exam and yu want t get sme praise. When yu pst it int a praise grup, yu are praised fr nt nly yur effrts but als being as clever as Albert Einstein.”你考试得了A，你想得到表扬，当你把它发到一个夸夸群时，你不仅因为你的努力得到表扬，还因为你和爱因斯坦一样聪明。可知是讲在“夸夸群”能得到什么，故选C。
16．细节理解题。根据“The appearance f ‘praise grups’ prvides an pprtunity fr rdinary peple wh cannt get psitive feedback easily in their daily life t get cmfrt frm their hearts.”“夸夸群”的出现为日常生活中不易获得的积极反馈的普通人提供了一个从内心获得安慰的机会，可知是因为希望被认可，故选D。
17．细节理解题。根据“nly when yu can understand the pressure, criticism and praise crrectly, will yu face them bravely. Dn’t lse yurself in thers’ vices”只有当你能正确理解压力、批评和表扬时，你才会勇敢地面对它们，不要迷失在别人的声音中，可知作者认为要正确积极地面对自己，故选A。
18．最佳标题题。根据“The appearance f ‘praise grups’ prvides an pprtunity fr rdinary peple wh cannt get psitive feedback easily in their daily life t get cmfrt frm their hearts.”“夸夸群”的出现为日常生活中不易获得的积极反馈的普通人提供了一个从内心获得安慰的机会；“The biggest risk is t cntinue t stress n the ‘false self’, which makes it harder t see the ‘true self’.’ In the end, peple in the grup will find that such unreasnable praise desn’t help slve the real prblem.”最大的风险是继续强调“虚假的自我”。这使得更难看到“真实的自我”，最终，群里的人会发现这种不合理的表扬无助于解决真正的问题，结合文章内容，可知文章主要探讨了“夸夸群”是否值得加入。故选A。
19．B 20．A 21．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了我们要用实际行动实现我们的梦想。
19．细节理解题。根据“Yu will ften find sme f yur lessns in schl very hard. Try and keep trying, and yu’ll be sure t successfully deal with any difficulty yu meet with.”可知，你会经常发现你的一些功课很难。努力继续努力，你一定能成功地处理你遇到的任何困难。故选B。
20．细节理解题。根据“Fr me, act is the mst imprtant thing fr success, and that’s t Take Persistent Actin （Act）. ‘I’ll try’ creates wnders. Let’s remember that there will be difficulties in ur life. We must face them bravely and slve them. Mst successful peple made their dreams cme true because f their persistent actin.”可知，作者在公式下面对公式进行了相关描述并阐述了作者的一些见解，也就是使用例子来支持自己的观点。故选A。
21．最佳标题题。根据“Actin is the bridge that cnnects ur dreams and gals t reality.”及全文可知，整篇文章都在讲述我们要用实际行动实现我们的梦想。故选C。
22．C 23．B 24．C 25．B
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了共享经济日益壮大，使得住宿、交通和共享食物变得更加容易，但它无疑会对一些传统行业造成冲击，如酒店；而且对环境、餐饮带来的问题也有待考究。
22．词句猜测题。根据“This is the sharing ecnmy (共享经济)”和“But sme peple are nw asking: Just hw gd is it fr sciety in general?”可知，第一段介绍了什么是共享经济，但有些人会问：共享经济对整个社会到底有多好；因此，这里的“it”指的是“共享经济”。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据“Tday they have the chice f staying in smene’s private huse. They pay less ...”和“S the gvernment gets less mney, and sme htels might even clse dwn.”可知，如果人们选择在度假期间呆在私人住宅而不是酒店，他们将花费更少的钱，从而使得他们可以节约一点钱；而政府获得的钱更少，酒店可能面临倒闭的风险。故选B。
24．推理判断题。根据“Public transprtatin is, after all, much kinder t the envirnment than cars.”可知，就环保而言，公共交通比汽车对环境更友好；由此推知作者更支持人们乘坐公共交通（如公交车、火车）出行。故选C。
25．细节理解题。根据“Sme ecnmists think it will be wrth $335 billin by 2025.”可知，经济学家认为共享经济在未来几年将会增长。故选B。
26．D 27．C 28．B 29．A
【导语】本文介绍了星巴克引发的一些负面事件及对这些事件的评价与剖析。
26．细节理解题。根据“Tw mnths ag, Starbucks aplgized (道歉) t the public fr asking fur lcal plicemen eating fd utside a Starbucks stre t leave”可知，星巴克向四名警察道歉的原因是这些警察被星巴克员工要求离开。故选D。
27．细节理解题。根据“We dn’t supprt any radical (激进的) actin.”可知，作者不支持任何激进的行为，选项C与原文表述不符。故选C。
28．推理判断题。根据“It nce aplgized t the public fr sme ther events such as selling fd that went bad and nt accepting cins frm custmers, but the result even added the il t the fire.”可知，此段介绍了星巴克引发的另一些负面争议，它对此的道歉结果甚至火上浇油，由此可知选项B“这不是星巴克第一次点火。”符合语境。故选B。
29．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，本文第一段引出星巴克道歉的事件；第二、三段回顾了该事件并简单评价了此事；第四、五段是对该事件背后原因的剖析；第六段回顾了星巴克此前引发的另一些争端。故选A。
30．A 31．C 32．D
【导语】本文是学生们对于“双减政策”发表了不同的看法。
30．细节理解题。根据“Bth Shen and Zhang find there are fewer exams nw. But they dn’t think it’s necessarily a gd thing”可知，他们并不认为这是一件好事，这样会有一定的弊端，故选A。
31．推理判断题。根据“self-discipline becmes the key…”可知，最后一段想表明虽然“双减政策”减轻了学生的学习负担，但是自律变成了关键，学生们仍然要在学习上花费一定的时间，故选C。
32．主旨大意题。根据“In July last year, China intrduced the ‘duble reductin(双减)’ plicy…Hw d students feel abut this new plicy”可知，本文是学生们对于“双减政策”发表了不同的看法，故选D。
33．A 34．C 35．B
【导语】本文讲述迈克尔乔丹在一次广告中需要投丢一球，但是这件事对于乔丹来说太难了。通过这件事情告诉我们，花点时间让成功成为你生活中的一种习惯，一旦养成这种习惯，你就不想再改变它了。
33．细节理解题。根据“Once he was making a televisin advertisement, all he need t d was t miss a sht”可知，他需要做的就是投丢一球，故选A。
34．推理判断题。根据第一段、第二段以及“Fr Michael, success is a strng habit”可知，通过乔丹需要投丢一球这件事，告诉我们成功是一种强大的习惯，故选C。
35．细节理解题。根据“Spend sme time making success a habit in yur life. Once yu have develped it, it is nt smething yu want t change again”可知，如果你想要成功，你必须让成功成为一种习惯，故选B。
36．C 37．A 38．A
【导语】本文主要讨论了孩子在做错事情后该怎么教育的问题。
36．细节理解题。根据“If a student talked in class r didn’t d his hmewrk, his teacher wuld hit him n the hand.”可知，如果一个学生在课堂上说话或不做作业，他的老师就会打他的手，故选C。
37．细节理解题。根据“I’m shamed t say that I was ften punished when I was a very yung by in primary schl.”可知，作者经常被惩罚，故选A。
38．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讨论了孩子在做错事情后该怎么教育的问题。故选A。
Scientists fund that peple wh have fewer friends in real life are happier than thse wh have plenty f friends.
Researchers frm the University f Leeds, UK, studied data frm tw nline surveys f nearly 1,500 peple. Thse wh tk part in the survey gave details (细节) abut their ages, scial interactins (社交活动), and hw satisfied they were with their scial lives. The researchers fund that thse wh had a small number f clse friends generally were happier than thse wh had a large number f superficial (表面的) friends.
“Lneliness has less t d with the number f friends yu have, and mre t d with hw yu feel abut yur friends,” said WandiBruine, ne f the researchers.
Bruine fund that lder peple had smaller scial circles than yung peple, but the peple in these circles were clser t them. Yunger peple, n the ther hand, had bigger circles that were made up f “peripheral (次要的) thers”—peple wh are nt true friends, but just peple they knw. These s-called friends didn’t affect yunger peple’s happiness.
The results f the study shwed that the steretypes (偏见) sciety had abut ld peple being sad and lnely might nt be right.
“The research shws that lder peple’s smaller scial circles didn’t have a bad effect n scial satisfactin and happiness. In fact, lder peple had a better feeling f happiness than yunger peple,” said Brine.
Based n these results, the study believes that peple shuld pay mre attentin t the ties with clse friends instead f increasing the number f friends.
1．Accrding t the study, peple may be happier when they ________.
A．have a lt f fllwers n scial mediaB．are satisfied with their wrk and lives
C．make friends with peple wh are lderD．have a small circle f friends
2．(新题型) The underlined wrd “affect” in Paragraph 4 prbably means ________.
A．matterB．hurtC．influenceD．discver
3．What can we knw frm Paragraphs 4 and 5?
A．Older peple have clser friends than yung peple.
B．Yung peple dn’t need t make peripheral friends.
C．Older peple’s happiness has nthing t d with their friends.
D．Bth ld and yung peple find it hard t make friends.
4．Accrding t the passage, Bruine thught the lder peple were ________.
A．nervusB．happyC．lnelyD．sad
5．The passage mainly talks abut ________.
A．different types f friends
B．changes in peple’s happiness levels
C．the relatinship between happiness and the number f friends
D．interactins between ld and yung peple
Everyne lives in scial grups frm the day they were brn. In the family, there are parents and relatives. In the schl, there are teachers and classmates. At wrk, there are teammates and leaders.
Often, sme small things may lead t misunderstandings(误会). Then the relatinship(关系) between each ther may get wrse and wrse. Hwever, if we can stand in thers’ shes, we may understand ther peple’s feelings, and then things will be slved. S hw t treat and deal with the relatinship crrectly becmes mre imprtant.
In sciety, understanding ther peple can help us see and understand situatins in a different way. Learning sme basic skills can help us understand each ther better. Understanding thers is influenced(被影响) by feelings. This means that if a persn is happy, he’ll be mre willing t help and understand thers. But if a persn feels angry, he is less likely t want t understand ther peple.
Listening is ne f the best ways t understand thers better. If smene is talking, listen carefully. This will make him r her feel gd. He r she will be mre likely t share the prblems with yu. Smetimes, we nly care ur individual pinins, s we think everything we say is crrect. N matter what thers say, we just refuse t listen. As a result, we wn’t understand thers.
N matter what kind f rles we are in sciety, when having different pinins r meeting difficulties, we shuld keep calm t think abut the situatin we’re facing. Every small act can build gd scial cnnectins and make us have a better understanding f each ther.
6．When a persn feels ________, he will be mre willing t help and understand thers.
A．B．C．D．
7．Which is ne f the best ways t understand thers better?
A．Talking ludly.B．Cmmunicating less.
C．Refusing directly.D．Listening carefully.
8．What des the underlined wrd “individual” prbably mean?
A．Imprtant.B．Persnal.C．Interesting.D．Bad.
9．What can yu learn frm the passage?
A．Peple shuld care mre abut the imprtant things in life.
B．Small misunderstandings may nt lead t wrse relatinship.
C．We shuld keep calm when facing difficulties r having different pinins.
D．If we stand in thers’ shes, things will becme wrse.
10．What is the best title fr the passage?
A．Ideas abut understanding thers
B．Differences between scial grups
C．Ideas abut cmmunicating with peple
D．Ideas abut changing the situatin yu are facing
D yu want t imprve yur physics and chemistry grades? Well, maybe yu shuld first learn smething abut the struggles (斗争) f great scientists.
The American Psychlgical Assciatin (美国心理学会) did a study. Mre than 400 students in New Yrk City tk part in it. The students were divided int three grups. Grup 1 read a typical textbk that describes the achievements f great Scientists. Grup 2 read abut thse scientists persnal struggles. Fr example, as a Jew, Einstein escaped frm Nazi Germany t avid being killed. Grup 3 read abut the scientists’ intellectual (智力的) struggles, such as Marie Curie’s tailed experiments. These stries abut struggles als tld students hw the scientists dealt with these prblems.
The students tk a science test befre the study. After the six-week study, they tk anther. Scientists fund thse in Grups 2 and 3 imprved their science grades. Students in Grup 1 didn’t see a grade increase. Sme f them even had lwer grades after the study.
The study was led by Xiadng Lin Siegler, a prfessr. Accrding t Xiadng, kids ften think Einstein was brn a genius. They believe they will never match him. Many f them fail t realize that any success requires a lng jurney. Alng the way, there are many failures.
Students wh read the struggle stries were mre likely t say great scientists were like themselves. The “great minds” als had t slve prblems t achieve success.
Xiadng says tday’s science textbks fail t bring science t life. As a result, students hardly cnsider science as part f their everyday lives. Instead, they just see a lng list f facts that they have t remember. Xiadng thinks textbks shuld include mre stries abut hw great scientists had t struggle t succeed. And they shuld pay mre attentin t hw these scientists respnded t the prblems they met alng the way.
11．Accrding t the passage, we can imprve ur physics and chemistry grades by ________.
A．reading the achievements f great scientists mre carefully
B．listening mre carefully t ur physics and chemistry teachers
C．learning abut the difficulties that great scientists nce experienced
D．spending mre time remembering the lists f facts in ur science textbks
12．Wh tk part in the study held by the American Psychlgical Assciatin?
A．Students wh went t schls in New Yrk City.
B．Students wh Studied in secndary schl.
C．Students wh were interested in physics and chemistry.
D．Students wh were pr at physics and chemistry grades.
13．Accrding t the last paragraph, Xiadng thinks that ________.
A．Tday’s science textbks bring much science t life
B．Students shuld study harder t becme a great scientist.
C．Students nly need t remember a lng list f facts.
D．It is meaningful t learn hw scientists struggle t succeed.
14．Where can we prbably find this passage?
A．A nvel.B．A fashin magazine.C．A stry bk.D．An educatin website.
A phenmenn knwn as “kuakuaqun” r “praise grup” has taken Chinese scial media by strm. The number f tpics like this n Weib has reached mre than 23 millin. Users can jin a chat grup n WeChat r QQ, where they are shwered with varieties f generus praise and encuragement.
Just imagine the scenes: Yu get an A in an exam and yu want t get sme praise. When yu pst it int a praise grup, yu are praised fr nt nly yur effrts but als being as clever as Albert Einstein. It’s 10 p.m. and yu are the nly persn in the ffice. Yu receive a reply, “Yu are s hardwrking! Yu’ll definitely get a higher psitin! Praise t yu!” Even if yu g t a tilet and frget taking sme tissue, smene pints ut that “yu’re caring abut trees and the envirnment! Gd fr yu!”
Hw wuld yu feel?
The appearance f “praise grups” prvides an pprtunity fr rdinary peple wh cannt get psitive feedback easily in their daily life t get cmfrt frm their hears. It als shws the life and scial pressure f tday’s yung peple. Mrever, the ppularity f these chat grups is a reflectin f Chinese culture which values mdesty and humility—peple ften hide their true emtin f seeking and giving praise. As lng as peple’s praise desn’t sund bviusly untruthful, yu’re likely t welcme it. Smetimes, peple enjy praising thers as well, just because here they can drp everything and have fun by giving lavish(夸张的) cmments. Hwever, sme peple are als willing t encurage and supprt thers frm their hearts.
Sme netizens(网民) shared their ideas, “I take it as a way f adjusting the md. The praise grup helps in adding ur cnfidence. Sme sincere praises can even be inspiring(鼓舞人心的). Hwever, if yu’re really in truble, it is yu wh hlds the final key.” Clearly, sme dishnest praise cmes at a cst. Chen Kan, an prfessr in Fudan University’s psychlgy department warned that “The biggest risk is t cntinue t stress n the ‘false self’, which makes it harder t see the ‘true self’. In the end, peple in the grup will find that such unreasnable praise desn’t help slve the real prblem. Sn the whle grup will be silent and dead.”
Perhaps the praise grups are “a flash in the pan”, which might disappear sner r later. N matter hw yu think f it, nly when yu can understand the pressure. criticism and praise crrectly, will yu face them bravely. Dn’t lse yurself in thers’ vices—that is what really matters.
15．The writer mentins the examples in Paragraph 2 t shw ________.
A．wh wants t jin “praise grups”
B．hw peple can jin “praise grups”
C．what peple can get frm “praise grups”
D．when peple need t jin “praise grups”
16．Why d peple like t jin “praise grups”?
A．T hide real feelings f themselves.B．T ask fr suggestins frm thers.
C．T express the values f their wn.D．T get cmfrt and be encuraged.
17．Accrding t the passage, the writer may agree that ________.
A．we shuld see urselves crrectly and psitively
B．praise grup is effective fr dealing with trubles
C．we shuld speak highly f thers t please each ther
D．praise grup is necessary fr building self-cnfidence
18．Which is the best title fr the passage?
A．“Praise Grup”: Is it wrth giving it a try?
B．“Praise Grup”: Des it help t knw yurself?
C．“Praise Grup”: Is it imprtant t praise thers?
D．“Praise Grup”: Des it change yur persnality?
Everyne has dreams and gals fr the future. But why d yu still end up with nthing? What separates success peple frm the dreamers is their persistent（饮而不舍的）actin. Yu will ften find sme f yur lessns in schl very hard. Try and keep trying, and yu’ll be sure t successfully deal with any difficulty yu meet with.
This is the famus frmula（公式）fr success:
Dream ＞ Believe ＞ Achieve
Mst peple have what they want（Dream）and think they can realize their dreams（Believe）. But they d nthing. When they get tired waiting and lse a lt, they get bred.
I persnally believe that if yu really want t achieve yur dreams and gals in life, yu have t add ne thing t yur success frmula:
Dream ＞ Believe ＞ Act ＞ Achieve
Fr me, act is the mst imprtant thing fr success, and that’s t Take Persistent Actin（Act）. “I’ll try” creates wnders. Let’s remember that there will be difficulties in ur life. We must face them bravely and slve them. Mst successful peple made their dreams cme true because f their persistent actin.
Please remember: Actin is the bridge that cnnects ur dreams and gals t reality.
19．What shuld yu d when yu find yur lessns very hard?
A．Ask peple fr helpB．Try and keep trying
C．Get ready t create wndersD．Prepare fr a harder ne
20．Why des the writer use the frmula “Dream ＞ Believe ＞ Act ＞ Achieve” ?
A．T supprt his idea.B．T ask readers t explain it.
C．T shw what his gals are.D．T cmpare it with a bridge.
21．Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the passage?
A．Ding Smething ValuableB．Studying Hard and Making Prgress
C．Realizing Dreams with Persistent ActinD．Separating Successful Peple frm Dreams
Mdern technlgy has made it easier fr cmmn peple t rent things r services t (将……租给……) thers. With an Internet cnnectin and a mbile phne, we can find almst anything. It culd be a new dress t wear n the weekend, r smene t clean ur huse. This is the sharing ecnmy (共享经济), and it is nw a $20 billin-a-year business. But sme peple are nw asking: Just hw gd is it fr sciety in general?
Nt lng ag, when peple went n vacatin, they usually stayed in a htel. Tday they have the chice f staying in smene’s private huse. They pay less, but what influence des this have n the htel industry and the ecnmy? Htels receive fewer guests, but they still have t pay salaries (薪水) t their staff and taxes (税) t the gvernment. Many peple wh rent ut rms d nt. S the gvernment gets less mney, and sme htels might even clse dwn.
Then there are car-sharing websites. Instead f using yur wn car fr a lng trip, yu can get a ride with smene fr a small amunt f mney. Sme peple argue this is better fr the envirnment since fewer cars n the rads mean less pllutin. But hw many peple chse t use these websites rather than taking the bus r the train? Public transprtatin is, after all, much kinder t the envirnment than cars.
Many websites ffer cking services. Instead f ging t a restaurant, yu can use yur mbile phne t rder dishes frm peple in yur neighbrhd. There is even a website where yu can buy leftvers (剩饭) that peple haven’t eaten! This is sure t save yu time and mney. But is it risky? Can yu trust the peple cking yur fd? Restaurants have t fllw strict rules t make sure their fd is safe t eat.
There is n dubt that the sharing ecnmy is grwing. Sme ecnmists think it will be wrth $335 billin by 2025. As new technlgy makes accmmdatin ( 住宿), transprtatin, and sharing fd easier, the questin f “Is it gd fr the ecnmy, the envirnment, and peple?” will remain.
22．What des the underlined wrd it in Paragraph 1 refer t?
A．Mdern technlgy.B．A mbile phne.C．The sharing ecnmy.
23．What may happen if peple chse t stay in private hmes instead f htels during their vacatin?
①Peple can save a little mney. ②The gvernment gets mre taxes.
③Htels might g ut f business.
A．①②B．①③C．②③
24．Which f the fllwing des the writer supprt mst accrding t Paragraph 3?
A．Driving yur wn car.B．Getting a ride with smene.C．Taking the bus r the train.
25．What d the ecnmists think the sharing ecnmy will be like fr the next few years?
A．It will end.B．It will grw.C．It will bring the gvernment truble.
Tw mnths ag, Starbucks aplgized (道歉) t the public fr asking fur lcal plicemen eating fd utside a Starbucks stre t leave, which caused lts f discussins n the Internet.
Reprts shw sme peple threw eggs t the stre and sme stpped the cleaning staff frm cleaning up t express their dissatisfactin and anger with the cmpany.
Such behavir shuld nt happen, nr is it necessary. We dn’t supprt any radical (激进的) actin. And it is believed this is nt what mst Chinese peple wuld like t see, nr des it stand fr the general public pinin in China.
In fact, the backlash (激烈反应) abut Starbucks’ behavir happened fr sme reasns. Starbucks said that there was n “driving away the plice”, and it was just a “misunderstanding” caused by the imprper cmmunicatin between the staff and the plicemen. The way Starbucks aplgized didn’t take the feelings f the Chinese public seriusly.
As an American cmpany that has been deeply develped in China fr many years, Starbucks shuld have a full understanding f the basic values f Chinese sciety and respect them. Peple in China respect the hard wrk f the plice and shw their kindness t the plice, but the Starbucks staff drve away the fur plicemen and asked them t find anther place, cmplaining that they culd have a negative influence n the stre’s image. That is anther reasn why many peple were still angry with what the cmpany did.
________ It nce aplgized t the public fr sme ther events such as selling fd that went bad and nt accepting cins frm custmers, but the result even added the il t the fire. Starbucks shuld reflect n why this happens repeatedly.
26．The reasn why Starbucks aplgized t the fur plicemen was that ________.
A．the Starbucks staff failed t invite them t the stre
B．the plicemen punished the staff fr their bad behavir
C．the Starbucks staff were influenced by the plicemen
D．the plicemen were required t leave by the staff
27．Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing is NOT TRUE?
A．Many peple weren’t pleased with Starbucks.
B．Starbucks shuld fully understand Chinese basic values.
C．The writer is fr the radical behavir twards Starbucks.
D．Starbucks nce aplgized t the public fr sme ther events.
28．Which sentence is the best t put in the “________”?
A．Starbucks shuld care mre abut fd safety as well.
B．This is nt the first time fr Starbucks t light a fire.
C．Hwever, that des nt mean Starbucks has n prblems.
D．S what actin shuld Starbucks take t deal with the terrible situatin?
29．The structure f the passage may be ________.
(①=Para.1 ②=Para.2 ③=Para.3 ④=Para.4 ⑤=Para.5 ⑥=Para.6)
A．B．C．D．
①In July last year, China intrduced the “duble reductin(双减)” plicy. It hpes t reduce students’ learning burden(负担). Hw d students feel abut this new plicy?
②“Our hmewrk is clearly less than befre,” said 13-year-ld ShenYuzhe frm Beijing. “I have jined a grup. The exercises are mainly frm the textbk.”
③Accrding t Shen, teachers nw teach at a much slwer speed. “Our teachers are als giving us mre chances t d experiments(实验) and learn frm real life,” said Shen. “Fr example, we went t research ants in a field during a bilgy class. Sme students nw spend mre time having fun when hmewrk is finished early.”
④Fr 13-year-ld Zhang Hangming frm Tianjin, the best thing abut “duble reductin” is the increased time in after-schl activities. “We are nt encuraged t buy wrkbks anymre, I can learn all kinds f skills ut f class,” said Zhang.
⑤Bth Shen and Zhang find there are fewer exams nw. But they dn’t think it’s necessarily a gd thing. “This is a much better way t learn things than just hitting the bks. Each exam shws my prgress as well as my weak pints,” Zhang said.
⑥Shen als pinted ut that when the burden is reduced, self-discipline becmes the key. “Exams push me t study harder. But if yu use all the free time t relax, yu might fall behind yur peers(同龄人),” he said.
30．Hw d Shen and Zhang like having fewer exams?
A．It has sme disadvantages.
B．It can certainly bring gd results.
C．It is gd fr their health and study.
D．It will be welcmed by every student.
31．What’s the purpse f the last paragraph?
A．T encurage students t relax themselves in their free time.
B．T express hw happy Shen feels abut the new plicy.
C．T tell students that they still need t spend certain time studying.
D．T discuss hw t slve the prblems the new plicy brings.
32．What’s the passage mainly abut?
A．Hw t reduce students’ learning burden.
B．What students d in their spare time.
C．Hw t make students’ free time mre clrful.
D．Different ideas abut the “duble reductin” plicy.
Michael Jrdn is the greatest basketball player till nw. Once he was making a televisin advertisement, all he needed t d was t miss a sht.
Fr Michael, this was difficult. He had cnditined(定位) himself t succeed whenever he was thrwing the ball. Every time he threw a basketball, it went in. Every time he tried t miss a sht, he culdn’t. It tk him ver 20 attempts(尝试) befre he missed a sht.
Fr Michael, success is a strng habit. It tk him a lt f time t break it. Just like drinking, smking and cllecting things, success is als a habit. Once it is frmed, it is difficult t break. Many peple think that success is difficult t keep. They feel that it will be hard wrk and will need t much actin and fcus. The truth is that it is simply a habit and as easy t keep as any ther habit.
Spend sme time making success a habit in yur life. Once yu have develped it, it is nt smething yu want t change again.
33．In the advertisement Michael Jrdn needed t ________.
A．miss a shtB．thrw the basketball inC．keep his habitD．develp his skills
34．The writer used the example f Michael Jrdn t tell us ________.
A．he is the best basketball player f all timeB．he had wrked very hard t be successful
C．success is a strng habitD．success is a habit that is nt difficult t break
35．If yu want t succeed yu must ________.
A．miss the shtB．make success a habitC．keep thrwingD．make an advertisement
All kids are gd, but all kids can als be bad. Even the best kid can be bad smetimes. S, what shuld happen when a kid des smething bad? Shuld parents just talk t the kid? Or, shuld they punish the kid?
These used t be easy questins. In the past, yung children and students were beaten when they did smething bad. It was cmmn fr parents t beat yung children. They wuld hit the child with their hands. If a student talked in class r didn’t d his hmewrk, his teacher wuld hit him n the hand.
I’m shamed t say that I was ften punished when I was a very yung by in primary schl. I didn’t like it, and smetimes I didn’t think I deserved it. But, was I harmed by this punishment? N, nt really. Did the punishment imprve my behavir? Well, nly fr as lng as my hand hurt.
Beating children is nt allwed in mst cuntries, including China. Tday, mst children can nly be punished with “wrds”. But, is talking t them enugh? Or are there sme ther better frms f punishment?
36．In the past, if a student didn’t d his hmewrk, what shuld his teacher d?
A．His teacher wuld hit him n the bum.B．His teacher wuld get him ut f the classrm.
C．His teacher wuld hit him n the hand.D．His teacher wuld ask his parents t beat him.
37．Was the writer ften punished when he was in primary schl?
A．Yes, he was.B．N, he wasn’t.C．Yes, he did.D．N, he didn’t.
38．What is the main idea f the passage?
A．It’s abut hw t educate the children.
B．It is abut hw t behave well at schl.
C．It tells us hw t get n well with classmates.
D．It tells us that teenagers shuldn’t depend n parents.
参考答案
1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项最新的科学研究发现，即现实生活中拥有少量亲密朋友的人比拥有大量普通朋友的人更幸福。
1．细节理解题。根据原文“The researchers fund that thse wh had a small number f clse friends generally were happier than thse wh had a large number f superficial friends”可知，那些拥有少量亲密朋友的人通常比拥有大量普通朋友的人更快乐。故选D。
2．词句猜测题。根据“These s-called friends didn’t affect yunger peple’s happiness.”可知，年轻人交往的所谓的朋友实质上并不会对生活产生影响，因为这些朋友是表面的朋友，划线部分单词意为“影响”，与influence意思相近。故选C。
3．主旨大意题。通读4、5段可知，与刻板印象不同，老年人的亲密朋友事实上比年轻人的多。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据原文“In fact, lder peple had a better feeling f happiness than yunger peple”可知，在Bruine看来，事实上，老年人比年轻人有更好的幸福感。故选B。
5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项最新的科学研究发现，即现实生活中拥有少量亲密朋友的人比拥有大量普通朋友的人更幸福。故选C。
6．A 7．D 8．B 9．C 10．A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了人们日常交流中缺乏相互理解，这会导致彼此之间的矛盾，鼓励我们要站在他人的角度思考问题。
6．细节理解题。根据“This means that if a persn is happy, he’ll be mre willing t help and understand thers.”可知，如果一个人是快乐的，他会更愿意帮助和理解别人。故选A。
7．细节理解题。根据“Listening is ne f the best ways t understand thers better. If smene is talking, listen carefully.”可知，仔细倾听是更好地理解他人的最好方法之一。故选D。
8．词义猜测题。根据“Smetimes, we nly care ur individual matter what thers say, we just refuse t listen.”可知，拒绝倾听他人的观点，也就是只关心自己的观点，所以“individual”与“Persnal”意思相近，为“私人的，个人的”。故选B。
9．细节理解题。根据“when having different pinins r meeting difficulties, we shuld keep calm t think abut the situatin we’re facing.”可知，在遇到困难或有不同意见时，我们应该保持冷静，选项C符合文意。故选C。
10．最佳标题题。本文介绍了人们日常交流中缺乏相互理解，这会导致彼此之间的矛盾，鼓励我们要站在他人的角度思考问题。选项A“关于理解他人的想法”最适合作为本文的标题。故选A。
11．C 12．A 13．D 14．D
【导语】本文主要从探讨如何提高物理和化学成绩入手，通过美国心理学会做的研究和相关教授的看法，得出结论：学习科学家在解决问题中的思维方式才是最有意义的。
11．推理判断题。根据“These stries abut struggles als tld students hw the scientists dealt with these prblems.”和“Scientists fund thse in Grups 2 and 3 imprved their science grades.”可知，这些分组研究告诉学生们科学家们是如何应对这些问题的，也就是说通过学习科学家们曾经经历的困难去改善物理和化学成绩，故选C。
12．细节理解题。根据“Mre than 400 students in New Yrk City tk part in it.”可知，来自纽约的学生参加了这项研究，故选A。
13．推理判断题。根据“Xiadng thinks textbks shuld include mre stries abut hw great scientists had t struggle t succeed.”可知，肖东认为教科书应该包含更多关于伟大的科学家是如何努力取得成功的故事，也就是说了解科学家如何努力取得成功才是有意义的，故选D。
14．推理判断题。本文主要是以提高物理和化学成绩入手，讨论应该学习科学家解决问题的思维方式和方法，可推测这篇文章应该出现在教育网站上，故选D。
15．C 16．D 17．A 18．A
【导语】本文主要就“夸夸群”这一现象进行讨论，辩证分析其背后的原因。
15．细节理解题。根据“Yu get an A in an exam and yu want t get sme praise. When yu pst it int a praise grup, yu are praised fr nt nly yur effrts but als being as clever as Albert Einstein.”你考试得了A，你想得到表扬，当你把它发到一个夸夸群时，你不仅因为你的努力得到表扬，还因为你和爱因斯坦一样聪明。可知是讲在“夸夸群”能得到什么，故选C。
16．细节理解题。根据“The appearance f ‘praise grups’ prvides an pprtunity fr rdinary peple wh cannt get psitive feedback easily in their daily life t get cmfrt frm their hearts.”“夸夸群”的出现为日常生活中不易获得的积极反馈的普通人提供了一个从内心获得安慰的机会，可知是因为希望被认可，故选D。
17．细节理解题。根据“nly when yu can understand the pressure, criticism and praise crrectly, will yu face them bravely. Dn’t lse yurself in thers’ vices”只有当你能正确理解压力、批评和表扬时，你才会勇敢地面对它们，不要迷失在别人的声音中，可知作者认为要正确积极地面对自己，故选A。
18．最佳标题题。根据“The appearance f ‘praise grups’ prvides an pprtunity fr rdinary peple wh cannt get psitive feedback easily in their daily life t get cmfrt frm their hearts.”“夸夸群”的出现为日常生活中不易获得的积极反馈的普通人提供了一个从内心获得安慰的机会；“The biggest risk is t cntinue t stress n the ‘false self’, which makes it harder t see the ‘true self’.’ In the end, peple in the grup will find that such unreasnable praise desn’t help slve the real prblem.”最大的风险是继续强调“虚假的自我”。这使得更难看到“真实的自我”，最终，群里的人会发现这种不合理的表扬无助于解决真正的问题，结合文章内容，可知文章主要探讨了“夸夸群”是否值得加入。故选A。
19．B 20．A 21．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了我们要用实际行动实现我们的梦想。
19．细节理解题。根据“Yu will ften find sme f yur lessns in schl very hard. Try and keep trying, and yu’ll be sure t successfully deal with any difficulty yu meet with.”可知，你会经常发现你的一些功课很难。努力继续努力，你一定能成功地处理你遇到的任何困难。故选B。
20．细节理解题。根据“Fr me, act is the mst imprtant thing fr success, and that’s t Take Persistent Actin （Act）. ‘I’ll try’ creates wnders. Let’s remember that there will be difficulties in ur life. We must face them bravely and slve them. Mst successful peple made their dreams cme true because f their persistent actin.”可知，作者在公式下面对公式进行了相关描述并阐述了作者的一些见解，也就是使用例子来支持自己的观点。故选A。
21．最佳标题题。根据“Actin is the bridge that cnnects ur dreams and gals t reality.”及全文可知，整篇文章都在讲述我们要用实际行动实现我们的梦想。故选C。
22．C 23．B 24．C 25．B
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了共享经济日益壮大，使得住宿、交通和共享食物变得更加容易，但它无疑会对一些传统行业造成冲击，如酒店；而且对环境、餐饮带来的问题也有待考究。
22．词句猜测题。根据“This is the sharing ecnmy (共享经济)”和“But sme peple are nw asking: Just hw gd is it fr sciety in general?”可知，第一段介绍了什么是共享经济，但有些人会问：共享经济对整个社会到底有多好；因此，这里的“it”指的是“共享经济”。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据“Tday they have the chice f staying in smene’s private huse. They pay less ...”和“S the gvernment gets less mney, and sme htels might even clse dwn.”可知，如果人们选择在度假期间呆在私人住宅而不是酒店，他们将花费更少的钱，从而使得他们可以节约一点钱；而政府获得的钱更少，酒店可能面临倒闭的风险。故选B。
24．推理判断题。根据“Public transprtatin is, after all, much kinder t the envirnment than cars.”可知，就环保而言，公共交通比汽车对环境更友好；由此推知作者更支持人们乘坐公共交通（如公交车、火车）出行。故选C。
25．细节理解题。根据“Sme ecnmists think it will be wrth $335 billin by 2025.”可知，经济学家认为共享经济在未来几年将会增长。故选B。
26．D 27．C 28．B 29．A
【导语】本文介绍了星巴克引发的一些负面事件及对这些事件的评价与剖析。
26．细节理解题。根据“Tw mnths ag, Starbucks aplgized (道歉) t the public fr asking fur lcal plicemen eating fd utside a Starbucks stre t leave”可知，星巴克向四名警察道歉的原因是这些警察被星巴克员工要求离开。故选D。
27．细节理解题。根据“We dn’t supprt any radical (激进的) actin.”可知，作者不支持任何激进的行为，选项C与原文表述不符。故选C。
28．推理判断题。根据“It nce aplgized t the public fr sme ther events such as selling fd that went bad and nt accepting cins frm custmers, but the result even added the il t the fire.”可知，此段介绍了星巴克引发的另一些负面争议，它对此的道歉结果甚至火上浇油，由此可知选项B“这不是星巴克第一次点火。”符合语境。故选B。
29．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，本文第一段引出星巴克道歉的事件；第二、三段回顾了该事件并简单评价了此事；第四、五段是对该事件背后原因的剖析；第六段回顾了星巴克此前引发的另一些争端。故选A。
30．A 31．C 32．D
【导语】本文是学生们对于“双减政策”发表了不同的看法。
30．细节理解题。根据“Bth Shen and Zhang find there are fewer exams nw. But they dn’t think it’s necessarily a gd thing”可知，他们并不认为这是一件好事，这样会有一定的弊端，故选A。
31．推理判断题。根据“self-discipline becmes the key…”可知，最后一段想表明虽然“双减政策”减轻了学生的学习负担，但是自律变成了关键，学生们仍然要在学习上花费一定的时间，故选C。
32．主旨大意题。根据“In July last year, China intrduced the ‘duble reductin(双减)’ plicy…Hw d students feel abut this new plicy”可知，本文是学生们对于“双减政策”发表了不同的看法，故选D。
33．A 34．C 35．B
【导语】本文讲述迈克尔乔丹在一次广告中需要投丢一球，但是这件事对于乔丹来说太难了。通过这件事情告诉我们，花点时间让成功成为你生活中的一种习惯，一旦养成这种习惯，你就不想再改变它了。
33．细节理解题。根据“Once he was making a televisin advertisement, all he need t d was t miss a sht”可知，他需要做的就是投丢一球，故选A。
34．推理判断题。根据第一段、第二段以及“Fr Michael, success is a strng habit”可知，通过乔丹需要投丢一球这件事，告诉我们成功是一种强大的习惯，故选C。
35．细节理解题。根据“Spend sme time making success a habit in yur life. Once yu have develped it, it is nt smething yu want t change again”可知，如果你想要成功，你必须让成功成为一种习惯，故选B。
36．C 37．A 38．A
【导语】本文主要讨论了孩子在做错事情后该怎么教育的问题。
36．细节理解题。根据“If a student talked in class r didn’t d his hmewrk, his teacher wuld hit him n the hand.”可知，如果一个学生在课堂上说话或不做作业，他的老师就会打他的手，故选C。
37．细节理解题。根据“I’m shamed t say that I was ften punished when I was a very yung by in primary schl.”可知，作者经常被惩罚，故选A。
38．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讨论了孩子在做错事情后该怎么教育的问题。故选A。
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