2024届高考英语一轮复习定语从句课件

这是一份2024届高考英语一轮复习定语从句课件，共30页。PPT课件主要包含了Compare，when，where，why，thatwhich，whose，of which，that，thatwho，whothat等内容，欢迎下载使用。

定语从句Attribute Clause
I have an apple.I knw a man.
用句子做定语，修饰前面的名词
I have an apple and it is red.I knw a man and he is a teacher.
I have an apple which/that is red.I knw a man that/wh is a teacher.
I have an apple ________ is red.
② 在从句中作（主干）成分
① 判断句子是定语从句
③ 将先行词代入从句，看在从句中作什么成分
④ 根据先行词在从句中所作的成分，得出关系词
① 作主宾表→ 关系代词
that, which, wh, whm,as
② 作状语→ 关系副词
when, where, why, 介词+which
③ 作定语→ 关系形容词
whse = f whm/ which
指人：that/wh/whm指物：that/which
The man ______ visited ur class yesterday is frm china.He is the man ______ is reading a bk ver there.This is the place ______ we visited last time.I knw the man ______ yu just talked with.
that/wh/whm
什么情况选关系代词① 从句句意不完整，缺少主宾表② 先行词等于关系词
什么情况选关副词① 从句句意完整② 关系副词在句中做状语③ 关系副词修饰从句中的动词④ 被动即完整
This is the place _________ we visited last time.This is the place _________ we visited the equipment last time.
及物动词visited后缺宾语/选关系代词/指代物
根据句意，指参观设备的地方→地点状语
I still remember the time _________ we first met each ther.I still remember the time _________ we spent tgether.
及物动词spent后缺宾语/选关系代词/指代物
根据句意，指第一次见的时间→时间状语
This is the reasn _________ she cried.This is the reasn _________ she gave me.
及物动词gave后缺直接宾语/选关系代词/指代物
根据句意，指她哭的原因→原因状语
什么情况选关副词① 从句句意完整② 关系副词在句中做状语③ 关系副词修饰从句中的动词④ 被动即完整(间宾除外）
This is the place _________ the party was held.This is the reasn _________ I was tld.
tld后面缺直接宾语，选关系代词/指代物
从句被动语态，句意完整/选关系副词
根据句意，指晚会举行的地方→时间状语
We ften think f the days_________we spent tgether in the cuntryside.
which/ that
先行词在定语从句中作宾语
We ften think f the days________we wrked tgether in the cuntryside.
先行词在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于 n the days。
This is the place ________he wrks.
This is the place____________ we visited last year.
which /that
先行词在定语从句中作地点状语
The reasn _______he was absent yesterday is still unknwn.
We believe the reasn __________ he tld us.
先行词在定语从句中做原因状语
关系副词——介词+which
什么情况用介词+which一先：根据定语从句中介词与先行词的搭配习惯二动：根据定语从句中谓语动词与介词的搭配习惯（即固定搭配）三意义：根据定语从句的意思来选择
Is this the huse _______ Shakespeare was brn?A. at where B. which C. in which D. f whichThis is the place __________ we visited the equipment last time.This is the reasn _________ she cried.
brn in the huse
at which/ where
at the place (小地点）
cry fr the reasn
fr which/ why
关系形容词whse=f which/whm
① 主从句完整② 从句中有名词属于先行词③ 从句名词前有the（限定词）用f结构；无the, 用whse④ 从句名词为不定代词或数词，只用f 结构
I like girls _______ hair is black and lng. eyes are big. vice is sweet.
I like bks _______ cvers are shiny. price is reasnable.
the girls’ hair [前定]
the hair f the girls [后定]
the bks’ cvers [前定]
the cvers f the bks [后定]
This is the bk whse cver is red.= This is the bk the cver f which is red.= This is the bk f which the cver is red.
This is the scientist ____________ name is knwn all ver the wrld.I knw the persn__________ huse was destryed in the earthquake.He lives in a rm __________ windw faces suth.He lives in a rm, the windw __________ faces suth.
① 代唯一的名词② 代整个主句
如： I like girls wh are beautiful. This is my friend Mlly, wh is a sweet girl.
范围大，从句缩小主句范围
唯一，从句补充说明主句
I lve China which is a great cuntry.
1. 意思： which这件事； as正如2. 位置：which放主句后；as任意3. 时间：which 分先后，主句先发生，后评价 as 不强调先后，把主句当成事实
which, as的区别
如： ____ we all knw, the earth is rund. They fund the murder, _______ surprised me.
一、that和 which用法的区别
(1) 先行词为表示“物”的all, everything, nthing, smething, anything, few, little, much，sme, the ne,nne等不定代词时。
I am sure she has smething _____ yu can brrw.
(2)先行词被和不定代词有关的词all, every, sme,any ，ne,few,any, n,little, much等修饰时。
I’ ve read all the bks _____ yu lend me.
1、能用that不用which的情况
D yu have anything _____ yu dn’t understand?
Please send us any infrmatin _____ yu have abut the subject.
(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时，指物只能用that。
This is the first by _________________she has met .
(wh/that/whm)
It is the mst beautiful city _____ I’ve ever seen.
(4)先行词被the nly, the very, the same, the last强调修饰时，指物时只能用that。
This is the very bk _____ belngs t him.
He is the nly persn __________ was present at the time.
She's the first persn ___________ expressed lve fr my writing .
主句是以which / wh开头的疑问句时。 Wh is the girl _____ drve the car? which is the htel _____ he stayed in last night?
(7) 主句以there be ,且先行词表示“物”引导时。 There are mre than 4000 huses _____ were destryed in the earthquake.
(5)先行词既有人又有物时。
The famus writer and his wrks _____ the radi bradcast are ppular with the students.
(8)先行词是主句的表语，而关系词也在从句里做表语时,不管先行词是人还是物。
He is n lnger the by __________he used t be.
(9)有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用which，另一个用that。
They secretly built a small factry which prduced things _______ culd cause pllutin.
China isn’t the cuntry _______ it used t be.
(1) 关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语（介词提前）。 There are many trees __________ they can have a rest.=There are many trees ___________they can have a rest under.
2、只用which不用that的情况
(2) 在非限制性定语从句中(可以修饰一个先行词，也可以修饰整个句子)。 This is his huse, ______ is 50 years ld.(代替huse)Tm was late,_____made his teacher angry.(代替整个句子)
under which
The man _________ yu spke was a scientist.
(3) 有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用that，另一用which。He bught an American magazine that culd give him s much English knwledge and_______ culd help him t kill time.
(4) 当先行词是that时。
The clck is that ______ tells the time.
One ______ has nthing t fear dares t tell the truth.The nes _______ laugh at the disabled are nt gd students.Anyne _______ fails t finish the task shuld be punished.Thse ________ want t g t The Great Wall sigh up here.He is the very ne f the students_______passed the test.(优先考虑ne这个表示人的代词)
先行词是表示人的代词ne, nes, anyne, anybdy, nbdy, nne, thse时
3.在there be/live句型里，如果先行词是表示人，关系词用wh.
(1)There is a yung man utside _________asks fr yu.外面有个想见你的年轻人(2)There lived a king __________was unkind t his peple.从前有个对臣民不好的国王
三，定语从句的主谓一致原则
1.I ,wh____an English teacher,like listening t light is ne f the students wh_______(like)seeing films.他是其中的一个喜欢看电影学生3.He is the nly ne f the students wh______(like) seeing films.他是唯一一个喜欢看电影的学生
4.She is the nly ne amng the__writers wh ___stries fr children. A wman, writes B wmen, write C wmen, writes D wman, write
1. Fill in the blanks with wh, whm, whse, which and that.
1) The man ______________ I saw tld me t wait.
2) Lk at the by and his dg _____ are cming this way.
(whm/wh/that)
3) Tm is the first by _____ left the rm.
4) He saw a huse _____ windws were all brken.
5) Yu can read any bk _____ I have.
2.Crrect the sentences
This is the lngest train which I have ever seen.
2) The radi which I bught it last week has gne wrng.
3) It was a meeting that imprtance I didn't realize at that time.
4) Recently I bught an ancient Chinese vase ,the price f whse was very reasnable.
5. My father and Mr. Smith talked abut things and persns wh they remembered in the cuntry.
1. Ahead f me I saw a wman _____ lks like my aunt.A. wh B. whm C. which D. where2. The ld man didn’t like the way ______ his sn spke t him.A. which B. where C. what D. /3. The ld man _____ yesterday is a scientist.A. I spke B. I spke t C. whm I spke D.wh I spke t
4. He was brn in the year _____ the Anti-Japanese War brke ut.A. which B. when C. that D. where5. Is that the reasn ______ yu are in favr f the prpsal?A. which B. what C. why D. when6. Sme f the rads were flded, _____ made ur jurney mre difficult.A. which B. where C. what D.that