湖南省2024届普通高等学校招生全国统一考试考前演练二英语试卷（Word版附答案）

这是一份湖南省2024届普通高等学校招生全国统一考试考前演练二英语试卷（Word版附答案），共16页。试卷主要包含了15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19.15.B. £9.18.C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. What did the wman buy fr Mary?
A. An iPad.B. A bicycle.C. A cffee maker.
2. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. A strm.B. A huse.C. An accident.
3. Hw lng des the wman want t take a leave f absence?
A. Fr 10 days.B. Fr 14 days.C. Fr 24 days.
4. What des the wman want the man t d?
A. Check her rder.B. Offer her a free salad.C. Serve fd right away.
5. What time des the man ffer t pick up the wman?
A. At 6:45 pm.B. At 7:00 pm.C. At 7:30 pm.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where des the cnversatin take place?
A. In a restaurant.B. In an ffice.C. At hme.
7. What will the speakers d next?
A. Check the weather reprt.B. G ut fr brunch.C. Watch TV.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What des the wman want t knw abut the man?
A. His experience.B. His parents.C. His hmetwn.
9. Why des the man chse t wrk with cmputers?
A. Fr mney.B. Fr interest.C. Fr his parents.
10. What des the man prbably d nw?
A. He runs his cmpany.B. He wrks with machines.C. He studies at cllege.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What happened t the man?
A. He lst ne f his suitcases.
B. One piece f his luggage was stlen.
C. He culdn’t find his suitcases.
12. What is the man asked t d first?
A. G dwntwn.B. Call the airline ffice.C. Cmplete a claim frm.
13. Wh can ffer mre infrmatin t the man?
A. The wman.B. The airline ffice.C. Staff n the plane.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. When will the wman hld a jb interview?
A. Frm 3:20 t 7:00 tmrrw.
B. Frm 1:30 t 3:00 tmrrw.
C. Frm 10:00 t 1:30 tmrrw.
15. What will the man d at 7:00 pm?
A. Have a meal.B. Jin a meeting.C. Meet a manager.
16. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Brther and sister.B. Husband and wife.C. Bss and secretary.
听第10段材料. 回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker?
A. A student.B. A teacher.C. An invited guest.
18. Hw des the speaker feel abut the “adult life”?
A. A bit frightened.B. Greatly attracted.C. Terribly disappinted.
19. What des the speaker want t tell the listeners?
A. Changes in life are easy t handle.
B. It’s essential t be a psitive rle mdel.
C. Peple rely n friends and families fr supprt.
20. What is the purpse f the speaker’s speech?
A. T give advice t graduates.
B. T share life lessns with adults.
C. T ffer ways t be mdel students.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Best Smart Water Bttles f 2023 fr Better Hydratin (补水)
Yu can expect t pay between $20 and $120 fr a smart water bttle. Less-expensive ptins may include sme smart features, like Bluetth cnnectivity, hydratin reminders, r a pwer bank that can charge yur smartphne. If yu’re lking fr mre advanced smart features, like self-cleaning mdes, hydratin tracking thrugh an app, r lcatin-tracking, then yu may want t cnsider a mre expensive smart water bttle.
Best Overall: Hidrate Spark STEEL Smart Water Bttle
Prs: Frequent hydratin reminders Wide range f sizes and clrs | Lcatin-tracking feature
Cns: N self-cleaning feature
Best Budget: ICEWATER 3-in-1 Smart Water Bttle
Prs: Can be lcked when nt in use | Plays music | Easy t use with ne hand
Cns: Can’t track yur water intake | Only cmes in ne size
Best Self-Cleaning: Larq Bttle PureVis
Prs: Lng battery life | Mdern design | Durable
Cns: Can’t track yur water intake
Best Durable: CrazyCap UV Water Purifier & Bttle
Prs: Tw self-cleaning mdes | Cmes with a lifetime warranty (保修期) | Wide range f clrs
Cns: Can’t track yur water intake | Only cmes in ne size
Best fr Tracking Hydratin: Gatrade Smart Gx Bttle
Prs: Large capacity Can be persnalized | Set gals in the app
Cns: Nt insulated (绝缘) | Might nt be as durable
Best Lightweight: Mns Kiy UVC Bttle
Prs: Durable | Lng battery life | Mdern design
Cns: Expensive
Best Rechargeable: Philips Water GZer Self-Cleaning Smart Water Bttle
Prs: Self-cleaning | Dishwasher safe | Tw-year warranty
Cns: Can’t track yur water intake
21. What d Larg Bttle PureVis and CrazyCap UV Water Purifier & Bttle have in cmmn?
A. They can track the amunt f water yu’ve drunk.
B. They have the same self-cleaning mdes.
C. They cst much mre cmparatively.
D. They are easy t take with.
22. Which f the fllwing is prbably the cheapest t get?
A. Mns Kiy UVC Bttle.
B. ICEWATER 3-in-1 Smart Water Bttle.
C. Hidrate Spark STEEL Smart Water Bttle.
D. Philips Water GZer Self-Cleaning Smart Water Bttle.
23. What is special abut Hidrate Spark STEEL Smart Water Bttle?
A. It can remind yu f bttle cleaning.
B. It’s suitable fr frgetful peple.
C. Its clrs may match its designs.
D. It cmes nly in ne size.
B
After ver a decade f faithful service my ld desktp cmputer finally died. It simply wuldn’t start. With n cmputer repair places pen my daughter talked me int purchasing a new laptp t replace it. What fllwed was tw days f pure frustratin. It was like ging frm driving an ld Mdel T Frd t flying the Space Shuttle.
After my daughter set it up, I lked fr the ld e-mail prgram I used t use, nly t find that it wasn’t n this mdel. When I tried t dwnlad the lder versin again it wuldn’t wrk. I als had a terrible time dwnlading my ld wrd prcessing prgram again. Then there were sme difficulties f transferring all f my ld stries that I had saved n a jump drive. The laptp cmputer’s fancy new prgrams were an icn minefield that I had t navigate. Each time I accidentally tuched ne f them it changed everything n my screen and I had t wrk hard t figure ut hw t change them back. In the end I had screwed up the settings s badly that I asked my daughter t d a reset s we culd start ver. Finally after tw days I think we have set up the new cmputer t d the few simple things I need it t d s I can ignre the thusand ther functins that I have n use fr. I nly hpe it will wrk as lng and faithfully as my ld desktp did.
One thing I did learn frm all f this is that when it cmes t cmputers and life I want t keep things simple, simple, simple. Life is simple. Lve is simple. It is we wh make things cmplicated. Take sme time tday then t turn ff yur electrnics and turn n yur heart. Be a persn, nt a prgram. Be yurself, nt yur “Selfie”. Fill yur days with purpse, yur years with happiness, and yur life with lve.
24. What was the authr’s ld cmputer’s prblem?
A. It was slw t functin.B. It crashed cmpletely.
C. It was ut f date.D. It kept restarting.
25. What made the authr frustrated in the fllwing tw days?
A. She culdn’t frget her ld cmputer.
B. She regretted nt repairing her ld cmputer.
C. She didn’t buy a mre advanced cmputer.
D. She had difficulty using the new cmputer.
26. Hw did the authr prbably cnsider the new cmputer’s thusand ther functins?
A. Useful.B. Unnecessary.
C. Disappinting.D. Challenging.
27. What is the authr’s purpse in writing the last paragraph?
A. T explain her requirements fr cmputers.
B. T stress the imprtance f technlgy.
C. T shw the develpment f electrnics.
D. T express her attitude t life.
C
If yu’ve ever waded int the cean fr a swim and suddenly realized that the shre is getting farther away, nt clser, yu may have encuntered a rip current (离岸流). Cmmn at beaches wrldwide, these pwerful currents flw frm the shre tward the sea at speeds up t several feet per secnd.
It’s imprtant t knw what rip currents are and hw t lk fr them, because they are a leading cause f drwnings in the surf zne near shre. Rip currents can frm in several ways. One type f rip current, knwn as a channel rip current, frms when there are gaps between breaking waves. As waves break, they push water tward the beach and raise the level f the water slightly. If waves break n a sandbar (沙洲), but nt in a deeper channel that cuts thrugh the sandbar, the extra water that the waves have pushed tward the beacn escapes back t the cean thrugh the channel. The darker crridr f the escaping water acts like a cnveyr belt, mving water, unsuspecting swimmers and small marine rganisms ffshre.
Anther type, knwn as a transient r flash rip current, frms when surf is chppy (波涛汹涌的). The edges f breaking waves push n the water and make it spin, like a fast ice skater crashing int smene.
Think f a rip current as a swift river cutting thrugh the surf away frm the shre. Swimming against the current is ging t tire yu ut and put yu at risk f drwning. Instead, swim parallel t the beach—think f heading fr the “river banks”—until yu are ut f the rip current’s pull. Once yu’re n lnger fighting it, yu can swim back t shre.
Rip currents aren’t just a safety issue. Scientists are beginning t better understand the crucial eclgical rle they play in the cean. Many marine rganisms, including ysters, barnacles, fish and cral, rely n cean currents t find suitable habitats. These rganisms swim up r dwn r attach t flating r sinking material and are transprted by multiple cean prcesses. Rip currents are a key mechanism fr carrying larvae (幼体) t deeper waters r recalculating them in shallw waters. The type and behavir f the rip current may affect the mvement f marine rganisms.
28. What can we learn abut channel rip currents accrding t the text?
A. They cause a bit huger waves than cmmn currents.
B. They frm arund deeper channels in the cean’s bttm.
C. They present visually as darker areas between breaking waves.
D. They are generated when tw waves meet clse t the shre.
29. What des the underlined wrd “transient” in paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. Dangerus.B. Pwerful.C. Slw-flwing.D. Shrt-lived.
30. What suggestin des the authr give n escaping frm a rip current?
A. Swimming with the current.
B. Aviding swimming against the current.
C. Swimming under the current.
D. Aviding flating with the current.
31. Why are rip currents imprtant t the cean eclgy?
A. They redistribute small marine rganisms.
B. They prvide habitats fr marine rganisms.
C. They change the structure f marine ecsystems.
D. They bring nutrients frm the cean’s bttm t the surface.
D
Using the health recrds f mre than a millin Swedish cnscripts (应征入伍者), a recent study revealed that keeping cardirespiratry (心肺的) fitness in their late teens and early twenties can cut the risk f develping nine types f cancer by 40% when lder. The research team frm the University f Gthenburg, Sweden said, “These results culd be used t further strengthen the prmtin f interventins aimed at increasing fitness in yuth.”
Almst a third f peple aged frm 16 t 24 in England aren’t physically active, withut meeting guidelines f at least 150 minutes f mderate physical activity a week including walking, riding a bike and dancing.
Cardirespiratry fitness (CRF) measures hw well the heart, lungs and linked systems wrk t get xygen t muscles during cnstant activities. The cnscripts, aged between 16 and 25, had tests f CRF n exercise bikes between 1968 and 2005. The researchers used Swedish health data t see wh went n t have cancer during an average fllw-up f 33 years. The study fund that increasing fitness was beneficial, regardless f bdy weight. Hwever, they als fund that higher fitness was linked t a higher risk f skin cancer. The researchers explained that this trend might be driven by expsure t sunlight.
Findings frm thse bservatinal studies prvide much evidence fr a link between higher levels f physical activity and a lwer risk f cancer. Hwever, these studies cannt fully rule ut the pssibility that active peple have lwer cancer risk because they engage in ther lifestyle behavirs. The researchers cautined that they had n access t full data n factrs such as diet, alchl intake and smking and s culdn’t fully accunt fr thse.
Dr Claire Knight, f Cancer Research UK, said, “The NHS recmmends 150 minutes f activity a week, but it’s fine t build up activity ver time and there are lts f ways t be mre active. Yu dn’t need t run a marathn r jin a gym. Anything that gets yu warmer and slightly ut f breath and yur heart beating faster cunts.
32. What’s the significance f the research findings?
A. They prve the imprtance f a gd diet.
B. They shw hw ur health declines with age.
C. They stress the imprtance f general health.
D. They give reasns t imprve the health f the yung.
33. What d we knw abut CRF?
A. It measures the bld xygen level.
B. It shws the ability f bdy systems.
C. It indicates the level f exercise.
D. It cntrls the spread f cancer in the bdy.
34. What’s the limitatin f the study?
A. It didn’t analyze the cllected data thrughly.
B. It cnnected sunlight expsure with cancer.
C. It failed t suggest the ideal time fr exercise.
D. It didn’t cnsider ther health-related factrs.
35. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Lifestyle changes in yuth help reduce cancer risks
B. Less expsure t sunshine can rid us f cancer
C. The cardirespiratry system plays a big rle
D. Sprts have a great effect n ur health
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
T create paper and ther wd prducts, millins f new trees must be planted each year. 36
Dn’t use prducts that cme with excessive (过度的) packaging.
37 A candy may cme in an individual wrapper (包装纸), within a bag that’s als placed inside a bx. Buy items that haven’t been wrapped several times. 38 Next time yu r yur family g shpping, make sure yu take reusable bags and buy things withut packaging.
39
Anther large cause f paper waste is takeut fd cntainers. They are ften made f paper prducts r packed in paper bags. Next time yu and yur family decide t eat ut fr a meal, request that yu sit dwn in the restaurant instead f taking the fd in t-g cntainers. Mst fast fd restaurants use paper prducts t individually wrap all fd. Therefre, ask yur family if yu can cat at a cnventinal sit-dwn restaurant fr yur next night ut.
Encurage thers t save paper.
T have an even bigger impact, yu can encurage thers t save paper as well. One f the best ways t reach the mst peple is t put up signs that infrm peple hw they can help. 40 They will help raise awareness f the imprtance f prtecting trees. Make sure yu print r draw yur signs n reused paper (like the back f ld hmewrk). Trash cntainers and recycling bins are a great place fr signs.
A. Chse t use paper plates and dishes.
B. Here are sme ways t save paper.
C. It is a gd way t reduce paper waste frm packaging.
D. Many grcery stres prvide paper bags t pack grceries.
E. Dine in instead f using takeut cntainers at restaurants.
F. Many f tday’s cnsumer items are wrapped several times.
G. There are lts f signs that yu can print ff frm the Internet.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In the mid-20th century, bys culd study technical subjects while girls were expected nt. Hwever, Bell Burnell’s parents challenged these 41 , which enabled her t study science. Bell Burnell knew befre leaving schl that she wanted t be a radi astrnmer. That 42 led her t g t the University f Glasgw, where she was the nly 43 in her class. After graduatin, Bell Burnell went t Cambridge University, where she yet again had t prve that she 44 .
Her first prject, , wrking with her thesis supervisr (论文导师) Hewish, was 45 certain bjects called quasars (类星体). It was 46 t have a female student n this prject. Bell Burnell herself has said that the nly ther females 47 were secretaries. At this stage, it was she wh 48 the telescpe and analyzed the data.
One day, checking n the data, Bell Burnell saw a signal that she culdn’t 49 . T understand what it was she ended up bringing this 50 t Hewish, wh said it was interference. He thught that Bell Burnell had wired up the radi telescpe 51 and that is why the new signal had appeared. Hwever, she saw the signal again afterwards. 52 , she tried t reach Hewish. Once he 53 the pulse with his wn eyes, he knew it wasn’t interference, and a new research prject began. But, with just ne pulse it was hard t have a(n) 54 discvery.
A cuple f days later, Bell Burnell was in her study, and she saw smething 55 t the first pulse, and thus 2 pulsars were discvered.
41. A. theriesB. subjectsC. lessns.D. plicies
42. A. wishB. cnditinC. planD. design
43. A. failureB. studentC. femaleD. scientist
44. A. studiedB. belngedC. wrkedD. graduated
45. A. turning ffB. picking utC. shting dwnD. clearing away
46. A. unnecessaryB. impssibleC. illegalD. unusual
47. A. presentB. aliveC. abradD. respnsible
48. A. brkeB. cleanedC. ranD. saw
49. A. explainB. streC. cpyD. recycle
50. A. signalB. questinC. taskD. news
51. A. wiselyB. secretlyC. wrnglyD. frequently
52. A. SurprisedB. DisappintedC. AshamedD. Tuched
53. A. checked utB. came acrssC. cast light nD. caught sight f
54. A. puzzlingB. amusingC. cnvincingD. lasting
55. A. familiarB. similarC. penD. imprtant
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Fr centuries bees, amng the 56 (hard) wrking creatures n the planet, have benefited peple, plants and the envirnment.
Under the theme “Bee engaged in pllinatr-friendly agricultural prductin”, Wrld Bee Day 2023 calls fr glbal 57 (act) t supprt pllinatr-friendly agricultural prductin and highlights the imprtance f preserving bees and ther pllinatrs (传粉者), 58 (particular) thrugh evidence-based agricultural prductin practices.
The glbal Wrld Bee Day ceremny, 59 was held in hybrid frmat at the FAO headquarters n Friday, 19 May, is 60 pprtunity t raise awareness f the imprtance f adpting pllinatr-friendly agricultural prductin practices 61 (prtect) bees and ther pllinatrs, while cntributing t the resilience, sustainability and efficiency f agrifd systems.
By 62 (bserve) Wrld Bee Day each year, we can raise awareness n the essential rle bees and ther pllinatrs play in keeping peple and the planet 63 (health) and n the many challenges they face tday. We 64 (celebrate) his day ever since 2018, thanks t the effrts f the Gvernment f Slvenia with the supprt f Apimndia, which led the UN General Assembly t declare 20 May 65 Wrld Bee Day.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是校英语广播站的广播员，你校要成立计算机社团，现在要招募成员。请你写一篇广播稿，内容包括：
1. 广播目的；
2. 加入条件、报名要求；
3. 加入的好处。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A few days befre my fiftieth birthday, I experienced a bad brain injury. At the time, I was a lng-distance runner, and sprts had always helped me deal with my-life-lng depressin. But depressin after a brain injury became severer, and I needed smething new in my life.
S at the age f fifty, depressed and brain-injured, I did what many wmen wuld d: learning the circus (马戏表演). I was athletic as an adult but nt as a kid, and I had never taken dance lessns r gymnastics. I was strng, but neither very flexible nr graceful in the least.
Since the beginning f my severer depressin, I had kept t myself. I tk time away frm wrk, my scial circle became much smaller, and I felt very alne. I was ften afraid t leave the huse. Even bking my first circus class was a leap in the dark (冒险之举) fr me.
When I walked int my first circus class, I wasn’t surprised t find I was the ldest student; in fact, even my teachers were yung enugh t be my daughters! But I was determined t stretch beynd my cmfrt zne, and the “kids” welcmed me. One f my classmates said t me, “Ww, my mm wuld never d this!”
After a grup stretch and warm-up, my cach Katelyn tld us that weeks after finishing the curse, there wuld be a student perfrmance. All students wuld be invited t give a perfrmance, shwing what they had learned in class. And all the perfrmers’ family members and friends wuld be invited t watch. I felt wrried.
After talking abut that perfrmance, the cach asked which equipment I’d like t learn. There were silks, trapezes and the aerial hp (空中吊环). I eyed the aerial hp, Oh, hw I wanted t sit up in the hp and learn t fly like a bird! But I didn’t have the arm strength t lift myself up nt the hp. I was discuraged. My excitement was replaced with self-dubt and disappintment.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试考前演练二
英语参考答案
A
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文，推荐了2023年的几款最佳智能水瓶，帮你实现更好的补水效果。
21. C。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“If yu’re lking fr mre advanced smart features, like self-cleaning mdes, hydratin tracking thrugh an app, r lcatin-tracking, then yu may want t cnsider a mre expensive smart water bttle. (如果你正在寻找更高级的智能功能，如自清洁模式、通过应用程序的补水追踪或位置追踪，那么你可能会考虑更昂贵的智能水瓶。)”可知，应该选C项。
22. B。细节理解题。根据“Best Budget: ICEWATER 3-in-1 Smart Water Bttle”中的“Best Budget”可知，ICEWATER 3-in-1 Smart Water Bttle的价格可能是最低的。
23. B。推理判断题。根据“Hidrate Spark STEEL Smart Water Bttle”中的“Frequent hydratin reminders”可知，这款水瓶的特殊之处在于它适合健忘的人使用。
B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，通过叙述作者更换电脑的经历，探讨了现代科技与生活的复杂性问题，强调了简单生活的价值。
24. B。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“After ver a decade f faithful service my ld desktp cmputer finally died. It simply wuldn’t start.”可知，作者的旧电脑启动不了了，即它停止运转了。
25. D。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It was like ging frm driving an ld Mdel T Frd t flying the Space Shuttle.”以及第二段中的“nly t find that it wasn’t n this mdel”“it wuldn’t wrk”“had a terrible time dwnlading”“Then there were sme difficulties f transferring”和“I had screwed up the settings s badly”可知，从旧电脑换用到新电脑的作者就像从开一辆老爷车变成开宇宙飞船，她在操作中遇到很多麻烦，最终把设置弄得一团糟。由此可知，在购买新电脑后的头两天里让作者感到沮丧的是她使用新电脑有困难。
26. B。推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I think we have set up the new cmputer t d the few simple things I need it t d s I can ignre the thusand ther functins that I have n use fr”可知，作者只需要使用电脑做几件简单的事情，她忽略掉了其它她不需要的功能，所以她认为这些功能是多余的、不必要的。
27. D。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Be a persn, nt a prgram.”和“Fill yur days with purpse, yur years with happiness, and yur life with lve.”可知，作者写最后一段的目的是表达她对人生的态度，她从自己更换电脑的经历中感悟到简单生活的价值，她认为人们应该保持生活的简单与美好。
C
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。离岸流是指从海岸经波浪区向海中流动的一股狭窄而强劲的水流。离岸流具有很大的危险性，但同时对于海洋生态具有重要作用。
28. C。细节理解题。根据第二段的“One type f rip current, knwn as a channel rip current, frms when there are gaps between breaking waves.”及“The darker crridr f the escaping water acts like a cnveyr belt”可推知，channel rip currents在视觉上呈现为海浪裂口间较暗的区域。
29. D。词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“r”可知，transient与“flash”是近义词，意为“短暂的，瞬间的”。
30. B。细节理解题。根据第四段的第二句可知，作者建议避免逆流而游，因为逆流而游会导致疲惫甚至溺水。
31. A。推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Rip currents are a key mechanism fr carrying larvae (幼体)t deeper waters r recirculatin them in shallw waters. The type and behavir f the rip current may affect the mvement f marine rganisms.”可推知，离岸流可重新分配海洋微生物，故而对海洋生态具有重要作用。
D
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。一个瑞典的研究团队通过长期跟踪应征入伍人员的健康数据发现，年轻时的心肺健康有助于降低老年时患癌的几率，因此提出预防癌症应该从青少年开始干预，改变生活方式，开展适当的体育锻炼。
32. D。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The research team frm the University f Gthenburg, Sweden said, ‘These results culd be used t further strengthen the prmtin f interventins aimed at increasing fitness in yuth.’”可知，这个瑞典的研究团队认为这个研究结果旨在促进青少年身体健康的干预。
33. B。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Cardirespiratry fitness (CRF)measures hw well the heart, lungs and linked systems wrk t get xygen t muscles during cnstant activities.”可知，CRF衡量的是心脏、肺和相关系统在持续活动中向肌肉输送氧气的情况，也就是说它衡量的是身体系统的机能，故选B项。
34. D。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The researchers cautined that they had n access t full data n factrs such as diet, alchl intake and smking and s culdn’t fully accunt fr thse.”可知，这个研究是有局限性的，它缺少饮食、饮酒以及吸烟等与健康有关的数据。
35. A。标题归纳题。阅读全文尤其是第一段和最后一段可知，瑞典团队的研究表明年轻时的心肺健康能减少老年的患癌几率，因此提出青少年应该加强运动，改变生活方式，这样有助于降低患癌几率。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。节约纸张的重要性不言而喻，本文给出了帮助节约用纸的三点建议。
36. B。空格处为本篇文章的中心句。综合分析文章可知，本文给出了帮助节约用纸的一些方法。
37. F。根据下一句的举例可知，现在很多消费品都要进行多次包装。F项符合语境。
38. C。不买过度包装的商品将会减少包装中的用纸浪费，下一句给出了替代方案：带上可重复使用的袋子或购买没有包装的商品。
39. E。空格处为该段的中心句。综合分析本段内容可知，这一段主要针对的是外带食品包装造成的用纸浪费。E项符合语境。
40. G。我们可以在网上找到很多有关节约用纸的标语。G项中的“signs’”与上句中的“signs”属于原词复现。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了贝尔·伯内尔在剑桥大学时发现脉冲星的故事。
41. D。根据“In the mid-20th century, bys culd study technical subjects while girls were expected nt.”可知，贝尔·伯内尔的父母对这些男孩可以学习技术科目，而女孩则不能的政策提出了质疑。
42. A。根据“Bell Burnell knew befre leaving schl that she wanted t be a radi astrnmer.”可知，贝尔·伯内尔想成为一名射电天文学家，这个愿望促使她去了格拉斯哥大学。
43. C。根据“In the mid-20th century, bys culd study technical subjects while girls were expected nt.”可推知，因为在20世纪中期，男孩可以学习技术科目，而女孩则不能，所以，在格拉斯哥大学她是班上唯一的女性。
44. B。根据文章第一句和“It was 46 t have a female student n this prject.”可知，在当时女性不能学习技术科目，女学生参与研究项目是不寻常的，这些都表明，在男性为主宰的大学里，贝尔·伯内尔必须再次证明自己的归属，做出点成绩才行。
45. B。根据“and she saw smething 55 t the first pulse, and thus 2 pulsars were discvered”可知，贝尔·伯内尔的第一个项目是与论文导师休伊什合作，挑选出某些被称为类星体的物体。turn ff“关闭”；sht dwn“击落”；clear away“把……清除掉”。
46. D。根据“Bell Burnell herself has said that the nly ther females 47 were secretaries.”可知，女学生参与甄选类星体的物体的科研项目是极不寻常的事情，因为在场的其他女性只有秘书，其余参与项目的人都是男性。
47. A。参见上题解析。present作后置定语时意为“出席的，在场的”。
48. C。根据“He thught that Bell Burnell had wired up the radi telescpe 51 ”可知，贝尔·伯内尔负责操作望远镜并分析数据。
49. A。根据“that is why the new signal had appeared”可知，贝尔·伯内尔在查看数据时，看到了一个她无法解释的信号。
50. B。根据“T understand what it was”可知，为了理解这是什么，贝尔·伯内尔最终向休伊什提出了这个问题。
51. C。根据空后内容“and that is why the new signal had appeared”可知，休伊什认为贝尔·伯内尔把射电望远镜接错线了，这就是新信号出现的原因。
52. A。“He thught that Bell Burnell had wired up the radi telescpe 51 and that is why the new signal had appeared.”可知，自己的导师认为自己是操作错误而导致新信号出现，但是自己又看到了这个信号，所以贝尔·伯内尔感到很惊讶。
53. D。根据空后的状语“with his wn eyes”并结合前文内容可知，休伊什亲眼看到脉冲，知道贝尔·伯内尔看到的脉神不是干扰。catch sight f与see是同义词。check ut“检验”；cme acrss“偶遇”；cast light n“阐明”。
54. C。根据“with just ne pulse it was hard t have a(n) 54 discvery”并结合文章最后一句内容可知，休伊什认为仅仅凭一个脉冲，很难有令人信服的发现。几天后，贝尔·伯内尔在她的研究中，看到了与第一个脉冲相似的东西，因此发现了两颗脉冲星。
55. B。参见上题解析。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍了2023世界蜜蜂日以及设立该节日的重大意义。
56. hardest。考查最高级。根据空前面的定冠词“the”和介词“amng”可知，此处需要用形容词的最高级形式作定语，修饰名词creatures。
57. actin。考查词性转换。根据介词“fr”和形容词“glbal”可知，此处需要用名词作介词宾语。
58. particularly。考查副词。此处是副词作状语，修饰介词短语“thrugh evidence-based agricultural prductin practices”。
59. which。考查定语从句。which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是“ceremny”。
60. an。考查冠词。“pprtunity”是元音读音开头的可数名词，因此此处用an表泛指概念，意为“一次，一个”。
61. t prtect。考查非谓语动词。此处是不定式作目的状语。
62. bserving。考查非谓语动词。介词by后接动名词作宾语。
63. healthy。考查形容词。keep后接形容词作宾语补足语。
64. have been celebrating。考查时态。根据“ever since 2018”，再结合现实可知，此处需要用现在完成进行时，have been ding sth.表示动作的不断重复，意为“一直做某事”。
65. as。考查介词。…“宣布……作为/成为……”。
第四部分
第一节
【参考范文】
Bys and girls,
May I have yur attentin, please? I have a gd piece f news fr yu. T enrich yur knwledge, imprve yur perating skills and develp yur imaginatin and thinking ability, ur schl will set up a cmputer club.
If yu are a cmputer enthusiast and deeply interested in cmputers, please sign up at yur mnitr befre next Mnday. Everyne is welcme t jin.
As a member, taking all kinds f activities, yu’ll certainly gain a lt frm the valuable platfrm.
That’s all. Thank yu.
第二节
【参考范文】
When I expressed my upset t my cach, she smiled and said, “Just keep trying!” Fr three weeks, I tried, and I gt better and strnger. Then it happened. I managed t pull myself up nt the hp. The entire class clapped! I was mtivated and cntinued learning the aerial hp and new tricks. During it, I made new friends there and develped great flexibility even at the age f fifty. Several weeks after the curse, the big event came.
When my name was called, I std up, cnfidently walking t the stage. As I waited fr the first ntes f my musical accmpaniment, I surveyed the rm and saw my cach, my classmates, my brther and my husband… I gave my perfrmance easily and gracefully. The audience cheered and clapped s enthusiastically. I felt s excited and prud. In the fllwing weeks, I eventually gt ver my depressin. And thugh brain-injured and nt yung, I became a prfessinal circus perfrmer.
听力材料
Text 1
M: Did yu get an iPad r a bike fr Mary’s birthday?
W: N. She said her cffee maker was brken. S I gt ne fr her.
Text 2
W: We mved ut befre it reached this area. When we returned, I fund there was water everywhere, even in my bedrm.
M: It was really scary. The rf f my huse was blwn away by the wind.
Text 3
W: Mr. Black, I’d like t take sme time ff. I’ve been feeling exhausted fr a whle week.
M: N prblem. Let me see… Yu still have 10 days f annual leave left. Is that right?
W: Yes. But I am wndering if I culd take anther tw weeks ff.
Text 4
W: Excuse me, I rdered my dish abut half an hur ag, but it hasn’t arrived yet.
M: I’m terribly srry t make yu wait s lng. I’ll bring a free salad fr yu.
W: Thank yu, but culd yu please just check it with the kitchen right nw?
Text 5
M: Hi, Linda. I’m just calling t invite yu t a dinner party tmrrw evening.
W: Really? What time and where?
M: 7:30 pm, at Lngding Chinese Restaurant. I’ll be at yur place at 7:00 t pick yu up if yu need a ride.
W: Oh, it’s s nice f yu. Ben. But I think I’d better g there myself right after my wrk at a quarter t seven.
Text 6
W: What time is it?
M: Let me lk at my watch. Oh, it’s nine thirty already.
W: Thugh tday is Saturday, it’s time fr us t get up, r we’ll have a really late breakfast.
M: I’ll say we can have an early lunch in a Chinese restaurant fr a change.
W: All right. Cme n. Yu dn’t have t wear that much. It’s nt as cld as yesterday.
M: Hw d yu knw?
W: I listened t the weather frecast n TV last night.
Text 7
W: Why dn’t yu begin by telling me smething abut yurself?
M: What d yu want t knw?
W: The usual, yu knw, where yu live, what yur life is like, smething like this.
M: Well, I was brn in Washingtn and went t schl there, right up thrugh cllege. My father is a dctr, and my mther is a lawyer.
W: Then what made yu decide t get int cmputers?
M: Oh, nthing in particular. I always liked mathematics and wrking with machines.
W: Nw what abut yur experience? Hw lng have yu been wrking with cmputers?
M: Fr mre than five years. After I did my engineering degree, I began t wrk in cmputer technlgy. Sn later I set up my wn cmpany.
Text 8
M: One f my suitcases hasn’t cme ut yet.
W: Were yu n Flight 138 frm New Yrk?
M: Yes.
W: All f the baggage frm that flight has been cleared.
M: Oh, that means my luggage has been lst? Can yu check again?
W: I’m srry, sir. But the plane has been cleared and is being reladed fr the next flight. Yu’ll have t fill ut this insurance claim frm first. Then submit it t the airline ffice either here at the airprt r dwntwn.
M: What can I expect t happen next?
W: The airline will d a cmputer search t find ut where yur bag ended up and try t get it back t yu as sn as pssible. In the meantime, please cntact with the airline ffice; they have many mre details than I d.
Text 9
W: Mr. Smith, I’ve wrked ut tmrrw’s schedule fr yu. Wuld yu like t take a lk at it?
M: Just read it ut t me.
W: OK. At 10:00 am, yu’ll be meeting with the general manager f 3D Cmpany t negtiate pricing.
M: I knw.
W: Frm 1:30 t 3:00, yu’ll be interviewing five applicants.
M: Yu can d that fr me.
W: Sure. Then at 3:20, yu’ll be attending a meeting regarding the launch f ur new prduct line.
M: OK. In which meeting rm?
W: Rm 3. At 7:00 pm, yu’ll be having dinner with the guests frm Canada.
M: All right. Anything else?
W: N. Is there anything yu’d like t add regarding the schedule?
M: N. That’s OK.
Text 10
Gd afternn, teachers, parents and my fellw students. Tday’s meeting is an utstanding event fr all f us as the academic year has cme t an end. This means that a grup f students will graduate frm ur schl and are t start their way int the “adult life”. Actually, as fr me, this “adult life” seems t be less attractive and mre terrifying with its ncming, but I knw I need t face it bravely.
I have ne mre year f study left, s this ccasin des nt have a direct relatin t me. Still there are a few imprtant things I am eager t share with ur graduates, amng whm is my lder sister. The first ne is: please, d nt be afraid f the changes that cme t yur life. They are vital, unpredictable and hard t vercme, but yu are able t deal with them. Thus, just build yur wn way and remember that yur families and friends are always there t prvide yu with any needed supprt. Secndly, please, keep in mind that we are graduating after yu and lk n yu as the examples and mtivatins, s, stay away frm the things yu wuld nt like us t d. Thse are the advice frm smene f my age.Bys and girls,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thank yu.
When I expressed my upset t my cach, she smiled and said, “Just keep trying!” _________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
When my name was called, I std up, cnfidently walking t the stage. ________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
题序
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
答案
C
A
C
A
B
C
B
A
B
A
A
C
B
B
A
题序
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
答案
C
A
A
B
A
C
B
B
B
D
B
D
C
D
B
题序
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
答案
A
D
B
D
A
B
F
C
E
G
D
A
C
B
B
题序
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
答案
D
A
C
A
B
C
A
D
C
B