专题12 八下Units 7-8（知识梳理+常考易错点点归纳+强化提升练）-中考英语一轮复习考点帮（江苏专用）

这是一份专题12 八下Units 7-8（知识梳理+常考易错点点归纳+强化提升练）-中考英语一轮复习考点帮（江苏专用），共32页。试卷主要包含了词汇，句型，重点语法，填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。
（知识梳理+常考易错点点归纳+强化提升练）
掌握7-8单元的重点单词、词组和句式以及语法，做到熟练运用。
一、词汇
1．重点单词的含义及用法：medical treatment 医学治疗；d peratins n sb 给某人做手术；training centre 培训中心；n bard 在飞机（船、火车）上；carry n with sth．继续做某事；hand ut 分发；发出；set up 创建，建立；take the medicine 服药；perate n sb．给某人做手术；mdern medicine 现代医学；have a check 检查;can’t affrd t d sth．承担不起做某事；be prud t d sth．以做某事而骄傲；make up ne’s mind t d sth．下定决心做某事；depend n “依赖，依靠，取决于”； luckily “幸运的是，所幸的是”；prduce “制作，制造”；survey“调查”
2．易混词辨析：with ne’s help 在某人的帮助下；prvide sth． fr sb．为某人提供某物；prevent the spread f sme serius diseases 预防某些严重疾病的传播；be used as… 被用作……；in hspital和in the hspital的区别；because和because f 的区别；prevent sb frm ding sth．阻止/预防某人做某事; attend curses上课；
be separated int “被分成---”；separate ．．．．．．frm “把．．．．．．和．．．．．．分开；allw sb t d sth允许某人做某事；allw ding sth 允许做某事； run ut和 run ut f的区别；what t d with 和hw t deal with的区别；be harmful t对．．．．．．有害；be harmless t对．．．．．．无害；nt nly．．．．．．but(als) 不仅．．．．．．而且．．．．．．；as a result和as a result f 的区别；make a difference t “对．．．．．．产生影响”
二、句型
1．Yu have sme pcket mneyleft．
2．It prvides basic educatin fr children in pr areas．
3．Many f ur patients can’t affrd t g t hspital…
4．During my last visit, 150 patients were perated n．
5．I’m prud t help peple see again and imprve their lives．
6． s she made up his mind t train as a nurse and attended curses after wrk．
7．Sme f the clthes are sld in charity shps, sme are given t the pr , and thers are sent t factries
fr recycling．
8．Fr example, we are nt allwed t cut dwn trees．
9．We depend n its rich resurces t live ,s it is imprtant fr us t prtect it wisely．
10．Luckily, we are starting t use the energy frm the sun,wind, and water．
11．What d they d with ld clthes?
12．Cal, il and natural gas is nt nly useful fr families, but have a wider use fr factries．
13．As a result, it is very imprtant fr us t use them wise．
14．Fllw these small steps, and yu can make a big difference t the Earth．．．．．．
三、重点语法
Unit 7重点词汇和句型
1、Yu have sme pcket mneyleft．
left 此处是leave 的过去分词，意思是“剩余的”。
例如：At the end f the party, we had sme fd left．
ORBIS (国际奥比斯组织)
Oxfam (牛津饥荒救济委员会/乐施会)
UNICEF (United Natins Internatinal Children's Emergency Fund 联合国儿童基金会)
WWF(Wrld Wildlife Fund 世界野生动物基金)
3、It helps build a better wrld fr everyne, especially children all ver the wrld．(P93)
help sb． (t) d sth．“帮助某人做某事”；help sb． with sth．“帮助某人某事”。
especially adv． “尤其，特别”
例如：I am especially busy n this weekends．
4、It prvides basic educatin fr children in pr areas． (P93)
1． basic adj． “基础的，基本的”。
2． educatin 不可数名词 “教育”。
5、It als wrks t prevent the spread f sme serius diseases, like AIDS, amng yung peple．
spread v． “扩散；分布；展开”。
例如：We must prevent the spread f this kind f illness．
拓展：spread (spread spread) 既可以作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词，意思是“展开；传播；散布”。
例如：He spread the map．
The news was spread quickly．
6、Dr Ma, please tell us smething abut blindness．
blindness 不可数名词 “失明”
例如：Dn’t give up yur dream because f yur blindness．
拓展：blindness 是形容词blind+后缀-ness构成的名词，类似的还有：
kindness 和蔼 illness 疾病 happiness 快乐 richness 富有 sadness 悲伤
7、The plane is als used as a training centre．
be used as … “被用作……．．”．
例如：English is used as a secnd language in many cuntries．
8、Many f ur patients can’t affrd t g t hspital…
1．affrd 及物动词 “买得起；能做；承担得起”，后面接名词、代词或动词不定式做宾语。
例如：The huse is s expensive that I can’t affrd it．
She can’t affrd t pay fr her daughter’s educatin．
2． g t hspital 去看病
g t the hspital 去医院（看病人或做其他事）
9、Als, lcal dctrs and nurses are invited n bard t learn abut eye peratins．
n bard “在飞机（船、火车）上”
例如：When yu are n bard, yu shuld turn ff yur mbile phne．
10、During my last visit, 150 patients were perated n．
1． patient 在句中用作可数名词，“病人，患者”
例如：These patients are waiting fr the dctr t cme．
= 2 \# "#,##0.xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx" 2 perate 不及物动词，“开刀，做手术”， perate n sb．“给某人做手术”
例如：The dctr is perating n him．
11、I’m prud t help peple see again and imprve their lives．
prud adj． “自豪的，骄傲的”。常见的短语：be prud f… “为……．．而自豪”
例如：They are prud f their sn．
拓展：take pride in…与be prud f …同义 “为……．．而自豪”
例如：D yu take pride in yur jb?
12、Mdern medicine is develping quickly and nw mst eye prblems and diseases can be treated and cured． (P95)
1．medicine 用作不可数名词，“医学；药”。“服药；吃药；喝药” take the medicine表示
例如：Chinese medicine is very ppular in western cuntries nw．
Yu must take the medicine three times a day．
2． develp 可用作及物动词或不及物动词，“发展；加强”。
拓展：develpment 可用作可数名词或不可数名词，“发展；进展；发达；发育”；
develping “发展中的”，develped “发达的”。
3． treat 及物动词，“治疗”
拓展：treat 用作及物动词，“对待；看待；把……看作”，treat…．as…”把……看作…．．”
例如：Dn’t treat me as a child．
4．辨析：treat与cure
一言辨义：I will try my best ttreat him, but I’m nt sure whether I can cure him．
13、But mre mney is needed tcarry n withur wrk．
carry n with sth． “继续做某事”，相当于carry n ding sth．, g n ding sth．或cntinue ding sth．
例如：Let’s carry n with the wrk．
14、…s she made up his mind t train as a nurse and attended curses after wrk．
1． make up ne’s mind t d sth． “决定做某事”=decide t d sth．
例如：He made up his mind t return t his hmetwn．
2．attend 及物动词，“上（学）；去（教堂）”，还可以是“参加；出席；到场”
例如：Children between 5 and 16 must attend schl．
He was ill, s he didn’t attend the meeting yesterday．
15、India印度
India 名词，“印度”；Indian “印度的；印度人的”
例如：He is frm India, and he is an Indian．
（2022·江苏苏州·中考真题）59．The charity is trying t help thse wh can’t __________ (have enugh mney t pay fr smething) medical treatment．
（2022·江苏泰州·中考真题）6．The summer vacatin is cming． Dn’t swim in the lake, ________ when yu are alne．
A．prbablyB．pssiblyC．especiallyD．exactly
（2023·江苏扬州·中考真题）12．Sand turns t glass when it ________ by lightning．
A．hitsB．is hitC．is hittingD．will be hit
（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）47．This T-shirt __________ (make) f silk and it feels very smth．
（2023·江苏泰州·中考真题）4．Mst neighburs ________ the habit f square dancing t create a quieter envirnment fr us．
A．get intB．care abutC．carry nD．give up
（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）41．Dn’t give up ________ (尝试)． I’m sure yu will succeed．
（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）9．When I was a pupil, sme f my pcket mney ________ t buy cmic bks．
A．useB．is usedC．usedD．was used
（2023·江苏常州·中考真题）2．My father ges back t Nanjing fr the Spring Festival every year ________ last year because he was busy with his wrk in Changzhu．
A．includingB．sinceC．exceptD．till
（2023·江苏苏州·中考真题）33．Our cuntry has a __________ (骄傲的) recrd f sprting achievement．
（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）12．The Mnkey King is a traditinal Chinese character． It ________ by peple f all ages．
A．is lvedB．was lvedC．will lveD．is lving
（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）13．—I hear that yu tk part in a frest clean-up activity last Sunday．
—Yes, it ________ by ur schl green club t prtect frests．
A．rganizesB．rganizedC．was rganizedD．will be rganized
（2022·江苏连云港·中考真题）8． We arethat the Great Wall is ne f the wnders f the wrld．
A． friendly B． brave C． nervus D．prud
（2022·江苏无锡·中考真题）12． UNICEF, part f the United Natins, ________ in Eurpe in 1946 after Wrld War II．
A． set up B． was set up C． tk up D．was taken up
（2022·江苏泰州·中考真题）64．Jiangsu autmatic(自动化) test f listening and speaking _______ (hld) in April every year．
一、词汇拼写
1． The Internet makes the（传播）f infrmatin becme quicker and quicker．
2． There are many beautiful flwers in ur schl, （尤其）in April and May．
3． Mdern medicine is develping s quickly that mst eye prblems and diseases can be___． (make an illness g away)．
4． Dr Wang has（cut a persn’s bdy pen t take ut r repair）n three peple with arm prblems since 6 a．m．
5． The weather suddenly became very cld, s there were many （peple wh are ill, especially in hspital）in that hspital．
6． As a Chinese, I am very _________(自豪的) f the prsperity(繁荣) f ur mtherland．
7． I haven't saved enugh mney, s I can't ______________ t g abrad this summer．
8． She had a_________ (检查) n the guest list again and again t make sure f the number f peple in the party．
9． Please ask the ___________ (秘书) t my ffice． I have smething imprtant t tell them．
10．． I think everyne shuld have the right t receive gd (教育)．
11． Please pass me the _________ (采访者) names t me ．I want t knw abut them．
12． Chinese peple hpe t get better _____________ (医疗的) treatment in the near future．
13．Many children can’t g t schl, __________(mainly )in muntain areas ．
14． The curse cvers many tpics, ____________ the knwledge f English grammar．(包括)
15． Thank yu fr ________ （动手术）n them n the phne．
16． Mst _______ （illness）can be cured by thse dctrs．
17、The dctrs didn’t knw what caused the ld man’s （失明）．
18． He says his cuntry wants t ________________ (发展) its friendship with China．
19． In sme cuntries, black peple dn’t have the same (权利) as whites．
20． We shuld treat everyne _______．(平等地)
21． I lve Yangzhu, ____________(尤其是) in spring．
22． Smene has left a windw pen____________(粗心大意)．
23． All the kids were surprised when they heard that a cw has fur __________ ． (胃)
24． Hw lng have yu ____________(借) the bk?
25． He is patient enugh t ___________(解释)the thing t us．
26． They have just had a ______________(discuss) abut where t spend their hlidays．
27． When the guest entered the hall, Mrs Smith std up and greeted him ________ (plite)．
28． He was s tired ut that he fund himself ________（able）t mve ut f the htel．
29． Living tgether with my friends was a great __________ ．(pleasant)
30． Sme husbands care less abut their ______ (wife) feelings and seldm help them d husewrk．
二、动词填空
1． The 29th Olympics __________in Beijing next year． ( will hld )
2． I think he __________ this wrk tmrrw mrning． ( finish )
3．This building _________in z． ( build )
4． D yu knw wh ___________the telephne? ( invent )
5．They tld me __________earlier tmrrw． ( cme )
6．The by is ften seen __________ baseball by us． ( play )
7． Lk! The students ___________ the street． ( crss )
8． Listen! A girl is heard __________ in the next rm． ( sing )
Unit8重点词汇和句型
In Switzerland,things like glass,plastic and paper are separated int different grups and then recycled．
be separated int 意为“被分成---”；separate ．．．．．．frm 意为“把．．．．．．和．．．．．．分开/分离”
例如：My mther is separating the gd apples frm the bad nes．
Sme f the clthes are sld in charity shps, sme are given tthe pr , and thers are sent t factries fr recycling．
send sth t sb=send sb sth 意为“把某物寄/送给某人”
例如：He sent a present t her yesterday=He sent her a present yesterday．
3、Fr example, we are nt allwed t cut dwn trees．（P108）
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ① example “例子，榜样，模范”；fr example “例如”，give a gd example t thers为别人树立好榜样。
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ② allw 意为“允许”，allw sb t d sth: 允许某人做某事；allw ding sth : 允许做某事
例如：They dn't allw students t wear earrings．
He desn't allw fishing here．
cut dwn“砍伐，砍倒，缩短” cut ff 切除，割掉，剪下 cut ut 裁剪 cut up 切碎
4、We depend n its rich resurces t live ,s it is imprtant fr us t prtect it wisely．
depend n 意为“依赖，依靠，取决于”
例如：All living things depend n the sun fr their grwth．万物生长靠太阳。
5、Luckily, we are starting t use the energy frm the sun,wind, and water．
luckily 意为“幸运的是，所幸的是”，是副词，其反义词是：unluckily,意为“不幸地”；luck意为“机会，运气，机遇”是不可数名词；lucky意为“幸运的，走好运的”
例如：Luckily, the weather was nt t ht．
6、These new types f energy cst very little and will never run ut．
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ① run ut表示“用完，耗尽”，是不及物动词短语，其主语通常为时间，食物，金钱等；run ut f sth．表示“用完．．．．．．,耗尽．．．．．．”是及物动词短语，表示主动含义，主语一般是人。
例如：Eddie's fd sn ran ut．
Susan has run ut f hney fr tea．
7、Mrever, they prduce little pllutin．
prduce 做动词，意为“制作，制造”
8、What d they d with ld clthes?
d with 意为“处理，处置”，常与疑问词what 连用，侧重与对某事物的利用或处置。deal with 意为“对付，处理”，多与疑问词hw连用，强调处理某事物的方式、方法。
例如：What will yu d with my ld bks?
Hw did yu deal with the prblems?
9、If we d nt act t imprve the envirnment, mre living things will be killed by pllutin．（P 114）
 act 是不及物动词，意为“行动”；actin 是名词，意为“行动”
例如：We must act nw t prtect the wildlife．
区分alive,living,live,lively
10、Here are the results f the survey．
survey意为“调查”，是可数名词
11、Air pllutin is harmful t ur health．
harmful意为“有害的”，其反义词是harmless(无害的)。
be harmful t=be bad fr 意为“对．．．．．．有害” be harmless t :对．．．．．．无害
例如：Watching TV t much is harmful t yur eyesight．
Yu can eat this kind f vegetable． It's harmless．
12、Cal, il and natural gas is nt nly useful fr families, but have a wider use fr factries．
nt nly．．．．．．but(als),意为“不仅．．．．．．而且．．．．．．"，它连接两个结构相似，语法功能相同的成分。该短语连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词与but als之后的主语保持一致。
例如： Nt nly he but als I am gd at English．
13、As a result,it is very imprtant fr us t use them wise．
as a result,是副词短语，意为“结果，因此”其后接表示事情结果的句子。 as a result f 是介词短语，意为“因为，由于”，其后常接表示原因的名词、代词等，相当于 because f。
例如：Susan gt up late this mrning．As a result , she missed the first bus．
The pr by was late as a result f /because f the heavy traffic jam．
14、Fllw these small steps, and yu can make a big difference t the Earth．．．．．．
step意为“步骤，措施”，是可数名词。
15、In rder t save pwer, we shuld turn ff the lights when we leave a rm．
in rder t 意为“目的是，为了”，其后接动词原形。in rder t 常与s that 或不定式进行同义句转换。
例如: Linda arrived early in rder t get a gd seat．
=Linda arrived early s that she culd get a gd seat．
=T get a gd seat, Linda arrived early．
16、Fllw these small steps, and yu can make a big difference t the Earth．
make a difference t 意为“对．．．．．．产生影响”
例如：wrking hard culd make a big difference t ur lives．
（2023·江苏常州·中考真题）54．幸运的是，这场大火被及时扑灭了。
_______________________________________________________
（2023·江苏连云港·中考真题）5． T make the envirnment much better, mre trees ________ next year．
A． plantB． will plantC． are plantedD．will be planted
（2023·江苏南通·中考真题）9．The wind energy csts very little and will never ________． Besides, it prduces little pllutin．
A．blw utB．run utC．put utD．break ut
（2023·江苏宿迁·中考真题）12．The energy frm the sun and the wind csts little and will never ________．
A．turn utB．put utC．cut utD．run ut
（2022·江苏苏州·中考真题）35．It’s necessary fr teenagers t learn hw t spend their pcket mney _________（明智地）．
（2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题）56．Natural resurces are very imprtant fr us and we shuld use them____________（明智地）．
（2022·江苏徐州·中考真题）46．Fllw these small ________, and yu can make a big difference t the Earth!
一、单项选择
1． — Wuld yu mind ______ the music a little? Dn’t yu think it’s t lud?— Srry! I’ll d it in a minute．
A． turning nB． turning ff C． turning up D．turning dwn
2． — Hw much is the ticket t Central Park?— A ne-way ticket _____ $40, and yu can _____ anther $20 fr a rund-trip．
A． csts, payB． cst, spend C． pay, spend D．spends, pay
3． — D yu knw why he didn't ______a wrd when he ______t?— Because he was t nervus．
A． speak, speaks B． say, was spken C． say, spke D．speak, is spken
4． The heavy snw didn’tthe internatinal airlines
A． pay attentin t B． add t C． make a difference t D．keep t
5． My parents getting up early n weekdays．
A． used t B． be used t C． was used t D．are used t
6． ----What will yu d with the waste paper?
---- The waste paper as well as the used bks _______ t the recycling cmpany．
A． is ging t send B． are ging t send C． is ging t be sent D．are ging t be sent
7． ----- Tm and his parents will help us wrk in the park．
----- That’s great． If mre peple take part, the park will be ________ in a shrter time ．
A． cleaned ut B． cleaned dwn C． cleaned up D．cleaned away
8． --- China is a cuntry with _______ resurces ．--- That’s true． But China is als a cuntry with the largest number f peple ．
A． rich B． pr C． high D．lw
9． ----After the sprts meeting ,there are s many water bttles in the dustbin．
----S ur club will start a prject t cllect them s that they will be _______．
A ． replied B． return C． reduce D．reused
10． -----Sir, did yu see the sign “N Parking ”?----- Srry , I didn’t knw parking isn’t _________ here．
A． prevented B． refused C． allwed D．excepted
11． A reprt says that the wrld’s natural gas depsits(存储)_______ early in the next century．
A． will run ut B． will be run ut C． will use up D．will be cleaned up
12．Which f the fllwing actins is NOT part f green life?
A． Burning rubbish in the pen air ． B． Planting trees in spring
C． Walking r riding bikes t schl ． D． Taking a shpping basket when ging shpping ．
13． His parents fund _______ t tell him everything that had happened．
A． it necessary B． that necessary C． this necessary D．necessary
14． —D yu knw if he_____ back tmrrw?—Srry, I dn’t knw． If he_____ back, I will tell yu at nce．
A． cmes; cmesB． cmes; will cme C． will cme; cmesD．will cme; will cme
15． —Let me help yu carry the bx, Granny．—Thank yu, Li Ping． It’s very kind__________ yu__________ me．
A． f; t helpB． fr; t helpC． f; helpingD．fr; t helping
16． We have discussed the prject fr tw hurs ． And after a shrt break ,the discussin ________．
A． will carry n B． will be carried n C． has carried n D．were carried n
17． When the fire started ,Tm was ________ t help all the children ut ． He is bth brave and smart．
A． t calm B． calm enugh C． t nervus D．nervus enugh
18． ----Hw sn will these waste bttles be recycled ? ----_______．We have called the recycling cmpany．
A． An hur ag B． In an hur C． After an hur D． Fr an hur
19．_____ is really hard ______ them t climb such a high muntain．
A． This; t B． It ; t C． This ; fr D．It ; fr
20． -----If I wrk hard at my lessns frm nw n ,can I d well in them? ------ Sure ．________．
A． All rivers run int the sea ． B． Every day is nt Sunday．
C． Better late than never D． Many hands make light wrk
二、词汇拼写
1． Drinking water with__________________（塑料）cups affects ur health．
2．He wrked hard and wrked ut a_____________________（认真的）plan fr this prject．
3． Living a green life can help__________________（减少）pllutin．
4． Cal is________________（挖掘）up frm the grund． It prvides energy fr us．
5． The_________（调查）is made t find ut hw much pressure teenagers are suffering at present．
6． What d yu knw abut ur___________________（组织）?
7． Jhn des everything______________（粗心）, s his mther is always wrried abut him．
8．Waste is_________________（分开）int different grups in sme cuntries．
9．Smking t much is_________________（有害的）t ur health． Better give it up．
10．The bttm f the sea is rich in il__________________（资源）．
11．Can yu tell the ___________________ between the tw pictures （different）?
12． Peple can buy smething ____________________ frm a secnd-hand shp．（use）
13． Befre yu leave, make sure that all the windws__________________ (clse)．
14． In rder t make living areas better, mre trees need ___________ (plant)
15． Hw bring it is _________________ (listen) t such a useless reprt!
16． We wn’t have a clear sky if air pllutin is nt _________________ (limit)．
17．_______________ has been mre and mre ppular in ur daily lives．(recycle)
18．Remember t turn ff the light when ______________the rm．(leave)
19．Our schl lks _________________with mre bamb arund it．(nice)
20．I think the energy frm the sun wn’t _________________．(hand ut)
U7-U8核心语法讲解
一、被动语态的基本结构：be+动词的过去分词
各种时态的主动、被动语态的结构如下表（以动词d为例）
二、主动语态和被动语态的转换
1．主动语态变为被动语态
= 1 \* GB3 ①要将主动句里的宾语变为被动句中的主语，若主动句中的宾语是人称代词，要将宾格变成主格。
= 2 \* GB3 ②把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语，主格代词变成宾格代词，并由by引导。
= 3 \* GB3 ③谓语动词变成相应的被动形式。
We asked him t sing an English sng．
He was asked t sing an English sng by us．
主动语态：动作执行者+谓语动词主动形式+动作承受者
被动语态：动作承受者+谓语动词被动形式+动作执行者
2．带双宾语的谓语动词变为被动语态
= 1 \* GB3 ①谓语动词带双宾语时，既可以将间接宾语转化成主语，也可以将直接宾语转化成主语；
= 2 \* GB3 ②若将间接宾语转化成主语，则保留直接宾语；
= 3 \* GB3 ③若将直接宾语转化成主语则保留间接宾语，且在被保留的间接宾语前加上介词t 或fr；
She gave me a bk． (变为被动语态)
I was given a bk by her．（间接宾语me改为了主语）
A bk was given t me by her．（直接宾语a bk改为了主语）
3．动词短语变为被动语态
许多由不及物动词和介词、副词构成的动词短语相当于及物动词，可以有宾语，也可以有被动语态动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成动词短语的介词或副词。
We shuld speak t ld men plitely．
Old men shuld be spken t plitely．
4．t的“前世今生”
在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当，t被省略，但在被动语态中，这个t还要还原。
eg． I ften hear her sing this ppular sng．（主动语态）
She is ften heard t sing this ppular sng ．（被动语态）
▲ 有这种用法的常用动词有：
5．初中阶段不使用被动语态的情况
A．系动词无被动
The dish tastes delicius． The apple smells sweet．
B．某些说明名词本身性质的动词。如wash, write, sell ,read
The play reads better than it acts．
This kind f clth washes well．(耐洗)
The pen writes smthly写起来流利。
The bk is s interesting that it sells well．
“sell”此处为不及物动词“销售起来…．．” 作及物动词为“卖、出售”）
C．Need+V-ing “需要被…．”
My car needs repairing．我的车需要修理
D． T…t句型The bx is t heavy t life．
E．不及物动词appear, disappear, fail, happen, last, remain, spread, break ut, cme true, take place, belng t,rise等
比较 rise, fall, happen是不及物动词；raise, seat是及物动词。
(错) The price has been risen．
(对) The price has risen．
(错) The accident was happened last week．
(对) The accident happened last week．
(错) The price has raised．
(对) The price has been raised．
6．系表结构PK被动语态
有些“be +过去分词”的结构并不是被动语态，它们有可能是“系表结构（即系动词之后由过去分词来充当表语）。”
eg:
（1）
（2）
一、单项选择
( )1． These children are ________ frm the city．
A． mstly B． mst C． mainly D．main
( )2．As a dctr ,yu shuld be patient _______all the patients．
A． in B． with C． n D．f
( )3． —Dad， I was the first t reach the tp f the hill．
—Gd jb, Mary． I’m _______f yu．
A． afraid B． prud C． tired D．careful
( )4． We shuld ________gd eating habits．
A． grw B． develp C． increase D．find
( )5． The gvernment wants t _______a schl fr the pr children．
A． put ff B． set up C． call in D．lk after
( )6． Earth Day_______ in 1970 t tell us t prtect ur planet．
A． sets up B． set up C． is set up D．was set up
( )7． Each year quite a lt f fd________ arund the wrld．
A． was wasted B． is wasted C． wasted D．will be wasted
( )8． Mum, I’m hungry nw _________I didn’t have breakfast this mrning．
A． because B． because f C． and D．but
( )9．—Shall we g fr a picnic tmrrw?
— Well, it all _________ the weather．
A． belngs t B． happens t C． depends n D．cncentrates n
( )10． Yesterday I _________ all the salt t ck dumplings． I need t buy sme nw．
A． ate up B． run ut f C． ran f D．ran ut f
( )11． When will the birthday party ________, n Mnday evening r Tuesday evening?
A． hld B． be held C． held D．be hlding
( )12． Yu’d better take the map with yu _________ yu wn’t get lst．
A． as lng as B． as sn as C． nw that D．s that
( )13． —When shuld I hand in my paper? —Yur paper must __________ as sn as the bell ___________．
A． hand in; rings B． hand in; will ring C． be handed in; will ring D．be handed in; rings
( )14． A new English play _____ there next week．
A． will put n B． will be put n C． is ging t put n D．will be putted n
( )15． — Our classrm____________ every day．
— S it is． It's ur duty t keep it clean and tidy．
A． cleans B． is cleaning C． is cleaned D．cleaning
二、动词填空
1．一Sam, yu(watch) TV again! Have yu finished yur hmewrk?
—Of curse, Mum; r I wn^ turn n the TV．．
2．Dn’t risk(lse) yur jb． Yu knw, it is nt easy t find a gd ne nw．
3．The Brwns(tie) sme sticks t the trees when I walked int their garden．
4．It's thusands f years since the Great Wall(build) ．Hw amazing!
5．一 Dear Mm, I(grw) up． Please dn't treat me like a child any lnger． —OK, I wn’t prmise．
6．As Artificial Intelligence（人工智能）develps, life (change) greatly in the future．
7．Yu’re nt late． Yu’re nt early． Life is abut waiting fr the right mment．(act) S, relax．
8．In the film Wresting Dad, father said t his daughter, “Befre yu (fight), yu need t fight with yur fear．”
三、完成句子
1．校长已经下定决心提供更多的艺术课程给学生选择。
The principalmre art lessns fr students t chse frm．
2．那女孩在公共场合那样表达自己是不够明智的。
It was ntin that way in public．
3我表弟习惯于一个人坐火车旅行，他觉得这是一种享受。
My cusinby train and he enjys it very much．
4．梵高作品展出两个星期了，可我还没机会去参观。
The paintings f Van Gghfr tw weeks, but I didn't get a chance t g．
5．弗恩很伤心，因为几个月之后小猪威尔伯就被送到另一个农场了。
Finn was very sad because Wilburjust a few mnths later．
6．智慧教育工程将会对我们未来的学习产生巨大影响。
The Prject Smart Educatin willur future study．
【2023年南京市玄武区中考一模英语试题】
一、单项选择（共 15 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
请认真阅读下列各题，从题中所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1．Please read the pem n the right． Which wrd is the mst suitable fr ________?
A．rainsB．strmsC．snwsD．shwers
2．—Everything he des is ________ t what is cnsidered nrmal．
—Althugh he lks a little different, he has achieved a lt in the math field．
A．similarB．relativeC．ppsiteD．clse
3．The cuple wh ________ presented with the award Mdel Cuple will give a speech n their life．
A．isB．areC．haveD．has
4．—________ yu’re breathing! Yu must have run here．
—Yes． I had t run because I didn’t want t keep yu waiting．
A．What heavyB．Hw heavyC．Hw heavilyD．What heavily
5．—Hurry up, Jasn! We’re ging t the cinema, but the clthes still need ________．
—Dn’t wrry． I think thirty minutes ________ enugh．
A．washing; areB．t wash; areC．t wash; isD．washing; is
6．________ the peple lcked inside, the firemen brke dwn the dr．
A．ReachB．T reachC．ReachingD．T reaching
7．Yu wn’t fully experience the culture f a freign cuntry ________ yu g there in persn．
A．becauseB．unlessC．ifD．as sn as
8．The earlier we take actin t prtect ur envirnment, the ________ it will be fr ur future．
A．betterB．bestC．wrseD．wrst
9．— Bruce ________ s much in the past tw years．
— Yeah, he ________ be shy, but nw he is cnfident and active．
A．has changed; used tB．changed; is used t
C．changed; used tD．has changed; is used t
10．—T g abrad r nt t g after graduatin, it’s a questin．
—Yu may take ________ f the rads． But being hme in the end matters．
A．neitherB．eitherC．bthD．nne
11．It’s a lng time! I can’t remember when this picture ________ in Xuanwu Lake Park．
A．was takenB．takeC．is takenD．tk
12．—What place will yu suggest if I travel t yur hmetwn?
—The best-knwn Purple Muntain cmes ________ as the first chice．
A．hardlyB．patientlyC．strangelyD．naturally
13．The gvernment is ________ elevatrs(电梯) in the ld buildings f sme cmmunities s that peple, especially the elderly can g up and dwn easily．
A．putting awayB．putting utC．putting inD．putting thrugh
14．— Culd yu please tell me ________ when they meet fr the first time in China?
— They usually shake hands．
A．what d peple usually dB．what peple usually d
C．where d peple usually gD．where peple usually g
15．—It was a fantastic trip． S, which city did yu like best, Wuhan, Chengdu r Chngqing?
—________． There were gd things and bad things abut them．
A．N prblemB．It is hard t say
C．Enjy yurselfD．Yu must be jking
四、填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
A）根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词，使句子意思完整正确，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为51-55 的相应位置上。
51．The new technlgy has helped ________ (创造) mre chances fr yung peple．
52．On Wednesday, thirteen members f a Chinese team reached the tp f Munt Qmlangma, which is at a ________（高度） f 8, 848．86 meters．
53．The app abut hw t learn Chinese is very ppular ________ the freigners．（在……当中）
54．Everyne shuld take actin t ________ (守卫) against the spread f the viruses．
55．My cusin is very helpful． He is willing t d smething t ________(服务) thers．
B）根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为56-60的相应位置上。
56．When yu see an unfamiliar wrd in a bk d nt skip ver it ________ (patient)．
57．Mr Lee, ________ (nt mix) yur life and wrk tgether．
58．It was really generus f Mark, CEO f Facebk, ________ (dnate) mst f his mney t charity．
59．Amazing China wins high praise frm the public． I think the dcumentary is well wrth ________ (watch)．
60．I spent ne ________ (night) time making a vide Mei Lanfang and His Hmetwn t take part in “Tell China’s Stries” cmpetitin．
（2023·江苏苏州·中考真题）
B
On warm winter days, Yang Liheng, 89, enjys sitting by the windw and lking thrugh ld phts． These phts bring him jy and happiness nce mre．
Fr Yang, ne f the lng-expected activities during the Spring Festival is t take phts with family members． On the early mrning f the secnd day f the Chinese New Year when the whle family reunite, he wuld dress up and wait fr the pht t be taken．
Yang became a phtgrapher in the late 1950s． With his camera, Yang recrded the great changes f his hmetwn ver time． “I had a painful childhd, but I gt a chance t be a phtgrapher after the funding（成立）f the Peple’s Republic f China．” Yang tld Beijing Review． “I want t recrd, in the frm f phtgraphs, the lcal custms, the scenes and peple’s brave spirit f fighting against the hard cnditins here in my hmetwn．”
“I used t take pictures fr everyne else, but seldm turned my camera at my family members,” Yang said． “My grandsn gave me the idea t recrd the grwth and develpment f my wn family．” Taking family phts then became a traditin fr Yang’s family． Thugh nw sme f his grandchildren are wrking and living in ther cities, they try their best t return hme during the Spring Festival and prepare fr the special mment．
Last year was an imprtant year fr Yang Liheng． Mst f his phts were displayed in Yinchuan t shw the develpment f the area ver the past sixty years．
14．What des Yang expect mst during the Spring Festival?
A．Wearing new clthes．B．Having a big dinner．
C．Taking a family pht．D．Visiting his relatives．
15．What des the underlined wrd “reunite” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Get separated．B．Get much wealthier．C．Get imprved．D．Get tgether again．
16．What is the main idea f paragraph 3?
A．When Yang was interviewed．B．Where Yang learnt t take phts．
C．Why Yang had a painful childhd．D．What Yang recrded with his camera．
17．What d we knw abut Yang’s family?
A．It is full f lve．B．It is full f mysteries．
C．It is a rich family．D．It is having a hard time．
D
When I was little, I was really little． But my dream was big． I dreamed f being a basketball player． I tried ut fr the teams at schl, but I was never given a chance．
As I gt lder, I did grw a little bigger, but nt a lt bigger． On my 12th birthday, I decided t try a new sprt: running． I tld Grandpa． “I’m ging t be an athlete．”
“Dave．” Grandpa began gently, “if yu can’t be big, yu can d smething big．”
I ran 12 miles n my 12th birthday． On my 13th birthday, I did it again, but I added an extra mile． On my 14th birthday, I ran 14 miles． 15 n my 15th, 16 n my 16th, and yu guessed it—17 miles n my 17th birthday．
All this running inspired（激发）anther big dream． Smeday, I’d run the Bstn Marathn（波士顿马拉松赛）． I tld Grandpa abut my decisin．
“But, Dave, yu haven’t trained fr the marathn． Are yu sure yu’re ready?” Grandpa asked． But he still prmised t walk ver and cheer me n．
I ran fast that day, But I fell at Mile 18 and was driven t the hspital． Later that night, I called Grandpa and tld him I failed．
“N,” he said calmly, “yu didn’t fail． Yu discvered smething．”
“I did?” I asked．
“Yes, yu discvered that big dreams dn’t just cme true． They take wrk． If yu train and wrk hard, I prmise t wait fr yu next year and cheer yu n．”
I trained every day, running miles and miles． Sadly, just tw mnths int my training, Grandpa died． He wuldn’t be waiting fr my secnd Bstn Marathn． I decided I’d run fr him．
That day, I ran fast． “Keep ging! Yu can d it!” His wrds filled my head as I frced my legs t make each painful step． As I crssed the finish line, I threw my arms in the air and cried, “Grandpa, we did it!”
22．Why did Dave fail t jin the schl basketball team?
A．He culdn’t run fast．B．He didn’t wrk hard．
C．He was nt tall enugh．D．He wasn’t a quick learner．
23．What des the underlined wrd “it” in paragraph A refer t?
A．Adding an extra mile．B．Running n his birthday．
C．Training fr the marathn．D．Trying ut fr the basketball team．
24．Which f the fllwing wrds best describes Grandpa?
A．Creative．B．Mdest．C．Generus．D．Encuraging．
25．What is the best title fr the text?
A．Dream BigB．The Bstn Marathn
C．Think TwiceD．The Stry f Grandpa
（2023·江苏扬州·中考真题）
四、词汇运用（共10小题；每小题1分，计10分）
根据句子意思，用括号中所给汉语提示或英语单词的适当形式填空。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
46．Let me repeat ________ what he just said．（exact）
47．Excuse me, what prblems are we really ________ t slve?（try）
48．A ________ cmpetitive spirit can push peple t try t be better．（health）
49．After a night’s rain, the muntains are much greener and the air is much ________．（fresh）
50．Wrking as a team means celebrating ________ and facing lsses tgether．（victry）
51．Life is like a bx f ________．Yu never knw what yu’re gnna get．（巧克力）
52．The Cmmunist Party f China is nw leading the natin tward building a great ________ scialist cuntry．（现代的）
53． ________ minutes after she left, it started t snw heavily．（三十）
54．If we drp litter in a public place, we’ll be ________ by the plice．（罚款）
55．Mum jined ur little grup and intrduced ________ t ur new friends．（她自己）
Unit7
Unit8
被动语态的一般现在时和一般过去时
被动语态的一般将来时
被动语态的构成：be dne
被动语态的基本用法
被动语态的特殊用法：主动形式表示被动含义
哪些动词或者词组没有被动语态
被动语态的将来时结构：
will be dne或者be ging t be dne
treat
宾语是人、某种疾病或发病的部位，强调治疗的过程，指对病人进行诊断和治疗，但不含治好的意思
The dentist is treating my teeth．
牙科医生正在给我看牙。
cure
宾语可以是人，也可以是某种疾病，强调治疗的结果，指治愈某种疾病或某人的疾病
This medicine will cure yur tthache．
这种药课治好你的牙疼。
alive
活着的，作表语时，修饰人或物均可，这时可与living互换；作定语时应后置。
living
活着的，主要作前置定语，也可作表语。the living 意为“活着的人”。
live
活的；直播的；作定语一般修饰物。
lively
活泼的，生机勃勃的；既可做表语，也可做定语，修饰人或物均可。
时态
主动语态
被动语态
一般现在时
d/des
am/is/are +dne
一般过去时
did
was/were +dne
现在完成时
have/has +dne
have/has +been dne
一般将来时
will/shall/be ging t +d
will/shall/be ging t +be dne
一感二听三使四看，主动语态t省略，被动语态t还原。
see sb d sth（主动语态）sb be seen t d（被动语态）
一感
二听
三使（使役动词）
四看
feel
hear、listen t
make、let、have （马兰花）
see、watch、ntice、bserve
A Spring Mrning
By Meng Haran
This spring mrning in bed I’m lying,
Nt t awake till birds are crying．
After ne night f wind and ▲ ,
Hw many are the fallen flwers?
参考答案
Unit 7重点词汇和句型
（2022·江苏苏州·中考真题）59．affrd
【解析】句意：该慈善机构正在努力帮助那些负担不起医疗费用的人。根据英文提示“have enugh mney t pay fr smething”可知，此处的父母希望他在选择工作时能听从自己的心意。chse“选择”，时态是一般现在时，主语是he，动词用三单，故填chses。
（2022·江苏泰州·中考真题）6．C
【解析】句意：暑假快来了。不要在湖里游泳，尤其是一个人的时候。
考查副词辨析。prbably可能；pssibly可能；especially尤其；exactly确切地。根据“Dn’t swim in the lake, ．．．when yu are alne．”可知，不要在湖里游泳，尤其是独自去。故选C。
（2023·江苏扬州·中考真题）12．B
【解析】句意：沙子被闪电击中会变成玻璃。
考查语态。句子主语it指代的是“Sand”，与动词hit之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，陈述事实用一般现在时，故选B。
（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）47．is made
【解析】句意：这件T恤是丝绸做的，摸起来很光滑。make“制作”，动词。be made f“由……制成”，固定短语。本句是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，故用be动词is。故填is made。
（2023·江苏泰州·中考真题）4．D
【解析】句意：为了给我们创造一个更安静的环境，大多数邻居都放弃了跳广场舞的习惯。
考查动词短语辨析。get int陷入；care abut关心；carry n继续；give up放弃。根据“Mst neighburs．．．the habit f square dancing t create a quieter envirnment fr us．”可知，创造更安静的环境，所以是放弃跳广场舞，故选D。
（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）41．trying
【解析】句意：不要放弃尝试。我相信你会成功的。try“尝试”，动词。give up ding sth．“放弃做某事”，动名词作宾语。故填trying。
（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）9．D
【解析】句意：当我还是个学生的时候，我的一些零花钱被用来买漫画书。
考查被动语态。分析题干可知，主语pcket mney和动词use之间是被动关系，结合“When I was a pupil”可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故选D。
（2023·江苏常州·中考真题）2．C
【解析】句意：除了去年，我父亲每年春节都回南京过年，因为他在常州工作很忙。
考查介词辨析。including包括；since自……以后；except除了；till直到。根据“My father ges back t Nanjing fr the Spring Festival every year … last year because he was busy with his wrk in Changzhu”可知，每年春节都回南京过年，除了去年，故选C。
（2023·江苏苏州·中考真题）33．prud
【解析】句意：我国在体育运动方面取得了骄人的成绩。修饰名词recrd用形容词prud“骄傲的”。故填prud。
（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）12．A
【解析】句意：孙悟空是中国的一个传统人物。它受到所有年龄段的人的喜爱。
考查被动语态及动词时态。根据“by”可知，此处是被动语态，指孙悟空被人们喜爱。本句陈述事实，故为一般现在时。故选A。
（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）13．C
【解析】句意：——我听说你上周日参加了森林清理活动。——是的。我们学校的环保俱乐部组织了这次活动来保护森林。
考查动词的时态和语态。根据“last Sunday”可知是过去的事，是一般过去时。主语“it”指的是“a frest clean-up activity”，和动词之间是被动关系，表达“被组织”用一般过去时的被动结构“was rganized”。故选C。
（2022·江苏连云港·中考真题）8．D
【解析】考查形容词的词义辨析。这句话的意思是“我们感到自豪伟大的长城是世界奇迹之一。”
（2022·江苏无锡·中考真题）12．B
【解析】考查动词的被动语态。这个机构是1946年被建造的，属于过去发生的事情，所以用was set up．
（2022·江苏泰州·中考真题）64．is held
【解析】句意：听说江苏省自动化考试在每年的4月举行。主语是动作的承受者，结合“every year”可知，是一般现在时的被动语态，故填is held。
一、词汇拼写
1． spread 2． especially 3． cured 4． perated 5． patients 6． prud 7． affrd 8． check 9． secretary 10． educatin 11． interviewer 12． medical 13． mstly 14． including 15． perating 16． diseases 17． blindness 18． develp 19． right 20． equally 21．especially 22．carelessly 23．stmachs 24．kept 25．explain 26．discussin 27．plitely 28．unable 29．pleasure 30．wives’
二、动词填空
will be held 2．will / can finish3．was built 4．invented 5．t cme 6．t play 7．are crssing 8． singing
Unit8重点词汇和句型
（2023·江苏常州·中考真题）54．Luckily, the fire was put ut in time．
【解析】修饰整个句子用副词luckily“幸运的是”；主语the fire和谓语put ut之间是被动关系，由语境可知，此处用一般过去时的被动语态，be动词用was；及时：in time。故填Luckily, the fire was put ut in time．
（2023·江苏连云港·中考真题）5．D
【解析】句意：为了使环境更好，明年将种植更多的树。
考查一般将来时被动语态。主语mre trees与动词plant之间被动关系，结合next year可知，此处用一般将来时被动语态will be dne的结构，故选D。
（2023·江苏南通·中考真题）9．B
【解析】句意：风能花费很少并永远不会被用光。除此之外，它产生很少的污染。
考查动词短语辨析。blw ut吹灭；run ut用光；put ut扑灭；break ut爆发。根据“The wind energy csts very little and will never．．．”可知风能应是用之不竭的。故选B。
（2023·江苏宿迁·中考真题）12．D
【解析】句意：来自太阳和风能的能源成本很低，而且永远不会耗尽。
考查动词短语。turn ut结果是；put ut扑灭；cut ut切断；run ut用完，耗尽。根据“The energy frm the sun and the wind”可知，此处指风能和太阳能永远不会耗尽。故选D。
（2022·江苏苏州·中考真题）35．wisely
【解析】句意：青少年有必要学习如何明智地使用他们的零花钱。wisely“明智地”，在句中修饰动词，故填wisely。
（2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题）56．wisely
【解析】句意：自然资源对我们很重要，我们应该明智地利用它们。由中文提示可知，英语中“明智地”是wisely，是一个副词，在句中修饰动词use，故填wisely。
（2022·江苏徐州·中考真题）46．steps
【解析】句意：按照这些小步骤，您可以为地球带来巨大的改变！“these”后跟名词复数，备选词steps“步骤”符合语境。故填steps。
一、单项选择
【答案】1～5 DABCD 6~~10 CCADC 11~~15 AAACA 16~~20 BDBDC
二、词汇拼写
1． plastic 2． serius 3． reduce 4． dug 5． survey 6． rganizatin 7．carelessly 8．．separated
9． harmful 10． resurces 11．difference(s) 12．useful 13．are clsed 14．planting/t be planted
15．t listen 16．limited 17．Recycling 18．leaving 19．nicer 20．run ut
U7-U8核心语法讲解
一、单项选择
【答案】ABBBB DBACD BDDBC
二、动词填空
【答案】are watching; lsing; were tying; was built; have grwn; will change; t act; fight
三、完成句子
has made his mind t prvide wise t express herself is used t travelling
has been n display/shw wuld be sent t anther farm make a great difference t
一、单项选择（共 15 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
1．D
【解析】句意：请读右边的诗。哪个词最适合？
考查诗歌押韵。rains雨；strms风暴；snws雪；shwers阵雨。根据诗歌末尾单词押韵的原则，lying和crying押韵；shwers和flwers押韵。故选D。
2．C
【解析】句意：——他做的每一件事都是与正常情况相反的。——虽然他看起来有点不同，但他在数学领域取得了很多成就。
考查形容词辨析。similar相似的；relative相对的；ppsite相反的；clse近的。根据“—Althugh he lks a little different”可知与别人不同，做的事情与正常情况相反。故选C。
3．A
【解析】句意：被授予模范夫妻奖的夫妇将发表关于他们生活的演讲。
考查主谓一致。根据“The cuple．．．presented with the award Mdel Cuple”可知，be presented with“被授予”，且此处的cuple需看成一个整体。故选A。
4．C
【解析】句意：——你的呼吸多么沉重啊！你一定是跑到这儿来的。——是的。我不得不跑，因为我不想让你久等。
考查感叹句。根据“．．． yu’re breathing!”可知用副词heavily修饰动词breathing，此处用“Hw+副词+主谓”结构。故选C。
5．D
【解析】句意：——快点，杰森！我们要去看电影，但衣服还需要洗。——不要担心。我想30分钟就够了。
考查非谓语动词和主谓一致。need ding sth“需要被做”，排除BC；第二处“thirty minutes”是一个时间整体，be动词用is。故选D。
6．B
【解析】句意：为了接触被锁在里面的人，消防员破门而入。
考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，“the peple lcked inside”的目的是“the firemen brke dwn the dr”，作目的状语用动词不定式。故选B。
7．B
【解析】句意：除非你亲自去那里，否则你不会完全体验外国的文化。
考查连词辨析。because因为；unless除非，如果……不……；if如果；as sn as一……就。结合句意可知，“yu g there in persn”是“Yu wn’t fully experience the culture f a freign cuntry”的否定条件，用unless引导条件状语从句。故选B。
8．A
【解析】句意：我们越早采取行动保护环境，对我们的未来就越好。
考查比较级结构。better更好的；best最好的；wrse更差的；wrst最差的；结合“The earlier．．．the．．．”可知，此处是“The+比较级，the+比较级”的结构，结合“we take actin t prtect ur envirnment”可知，越早采取行动越好，故选A。
9．A
【解析】句意：——布鲁斯在过去的两年中变化很大。——是的，他以前很害羞，但现在他很自信和积极。
考查时态。第一处根据“in the past tw years”可知，用现在完成时，排除BC；第二处根据“but nw he is cnfident and active”可知，强调与现在的对比，用used t be结构，是一般过去时。be used t d sth“被用来做某事”，不符合语境。故选A。
10．B
【解析】句意：——毕业后出国还是不出国，这是个问题。——你可以走这两条路中的任何一条。但最终能回家还是很重要的。
考查代词辨析。neither两者都不；either两者中的任何一个；bth两者都；nne三者或三者以上都不。根据“But being hme in the end matters．”可知，此处是指走哪条路都可以，用either表示“两者中的任何一个”。故选B。
11．A
【解析】句意：时间很长了！我不记得这张照片是什么时候在玄武湖公园拍摄的。
考查被动语态。主语this picture和谓语take之间是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态was/were dne。故选A。
12．D
【解析】句意：—— 如果我去你的家乡旅行，你建议我去什么地方？—— 最著名的紫金山自然是首选。
考查副词辨析。hardly几乎不；patiently耐心地；strangely奇怪地；naturally自然地。根据“The best-knwn Purple Muntain cmes．．．as the first chice．”可知，紫金山自然是首选，故选D。
13．C
【解析】句意：政府正在一些社区的老建筑中安装电梯，以便人们，特别是老年人可以轻松上下。
考查动词短语。putting away收起来放好；putting ut扑灭；putting in安装；putting thrugh接通。根据“s that peple, especially the elderly can g up and dwn easily．”可知是为了方便老人上下楼，所以政府给老建筑安装电梯，故选C。
14．B
【解析】句意：——你能告诉我人们在中国第一次见面时通常会做什么吗？——他们通常握手。
考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AC；根据“They usually shake hands”可知上文询问第一次见面做什么，用what引导宾语从句。故选B。
15．B
【解析】句意：——这是一次美妙的旅行。那么，你最喜欢哪个城市，武汉，成都还是重庆？——很难说。他们都有好的一面，也有不好的一面。
考查情景交际。N prblem．没问题；It is hard t say．很难说；Enjy yurself．玩得开心；Yu must be jking．你一定是在开玩笑吧。根据答语中“There were gd things and bad things abut them”可知，说话人很难从三个城市中做出选择。故选B。
四、填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
51．create##t create
【解析】句意：新技术帮助年轻人创造了更多的机会。help (t) d sth．“帮助做某事”，动词短语，可知空格处用动词原形或不定式，create“创造，动词”符合句意。故填create/t create。
52．height
【解析】句意：周三，13名中国队员登上海拔8848．86米的珠穆朗玛峰。根据汉语提示可知，高度：height，名词，at a height f表示“在……的高度”。故填height。
53．amng
【解析】句意：这个关于如何学习汉语的应用程序在外国人中很受欢迎。分析“The app abut hw t learn Chinese is very ppular…the freigners．”可知，此处表示“在（三者及以上）之间”，用amng表示，故填amng。
54．guard
【解析】句意：每个人都应该采取行动防止病毒的传播。根据汉语提示可知，guard“守卫”，空前t为不定式符号，使用动词原形。故填guard。
55．serve
【解析】句意：我表弟很乐于助人。他愿意做些事为别人服务。根据中文提示可得动词serve，且位于动词不定式作目的状语结构中，故serve应用原形。故填serve。
B）根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为56-60的相应位置上。
56．impatiently
【解析】句意：当你在书中看到一个不熟悉的单词时，不要不耐烦地跳过它。根据“When yu see an unfamiliar wrd in a bk”可知是遇到不熟悉的单词不要不耐烦地跳过，用副词impatiently表示“不耐烦地”，修饰动词短语。故填impatiently。
57．dn’t mix
【解析】句意：李先生，不要把你的生活和工作混在一起。此句是否定祈使句，其构成是dn’t d sth．，故填dn’t mix。
58．t dnate
【解析】句意：脸书的首席执行官马克把他的大部分钱都捐给了慈善机构，这真是太慷慨了。“It is/was+形容词+f sb． t d sth．”意为“某人做某事是……的”，此处用动词不定式作真正的主语，故填t dnate。
59．watching
【解析】句意：《厉害了，我的国》赢得了公众的高度赞扬。我认为这部纪录片很值得一看。be wrth ding sth表示“值得做某事”，因此应填动词watch的动名词watching。故填watching。
60．night’s
【解析】句意：为了参加“讲中国故事”比赛，我花了一个晚上的时间制作了《梅兰芳和他的家乡》视频。 ne修饰可数名词单数，作定语修饰time，所以用名词单数的所有格形式，故填night’s。
【答案】14． C15． D16． D17． A
【解析】本文主要讲述了杨立恒这位摄影师用照片记录了银川的发展，以及每年春节为家里人拍家庭照的这种习俗的故事。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Fr Yang, ne f the lng-expected activities during the Spring Festival is t take phts with family members”可知，春节期间期待已久的活动之一就是和家人合影，故选C。
【15题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“On the early mrning f the secnd day f the Chinese New Year when the whle family reunite, he wuld dress up and wait fr the pht t be taken”可知，在大年初二全家人团聚的时候，他会盛装打扮，等待拍照，根据空格前的“the whle family”，推测reunite与get tgether again同义，故选D。
【16题详解】
主旨大意题。根据“With his camera, Yang recrded the great changes f his hmetwn ver time”可知，本段主要介绍了他用相机记录下来的内容，故选D。
【17题详解】
推理判断题。通过本文描述可知，他通过拍照的方式记录了家乡的变化以及用这种方式给全家每一年拍一张家庭照，每次看到这些照片内心都充满着快乐的回忆，由此可推断他的家庭是一个充满爱的家庭，故选A。
【答案】22． C23． B24． D25． A
【解析】本文主要讲述了作者通过自己的努力终于参加了马拉松比赛，并且取得了成功的故事。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据“When I was little, I was really little． But my dream was big． I dreamed f being a basketball player”可知，因为作者不够高，所以没有进入篮球队，故选C。
【23题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“I ran 12 miles n my 12th birthday． On my 13th birthday, I did it again, but I added an extra mile”可知，在作者13岁生日时也坚持跑步，只不过是额外增加了一英里，所以it指代“在生日这天跑步”，故选B。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Yes, yu discvered that big dreams dn’t just cme true． They take wrk． If yu train and wrk hard, I prmise t wait fr yu next year and cheer yu n”可知，从祖父在作者失败时对他的鼓励可以看出，祖父是一个鼓舞人心的人，故选D。
【25题详解】
最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文多次出现“big dream”这样的词语，可以推断出本文也是围绕“大梦想”这个线索展开描述，故选A。
四、词汇运用（共10小题；每小题1分，计10分）
46．exactly
【解析】句意：让我准确地重复他刚说的话。动词“repeat”用副词修饰。表达“准确地”用“exact”的副词形式“exactly”。故填exactly。
47．trying
【解析】句意：对不起，我们真的在设法解决什么问题？try“试图，设法”，根据“what prblems are we really．．．t slve”可知此处表示正设法解决什么问题，用现在进行时be ding，故此处用现在分词。故填trying。
48．healthy
【解析】句意：健康的竞争精神可以促使人们努力变得更好。根据“cmpetitive spirit”，此处用形容词healthy“健康的”作定语，表示“健康的竞争精神”。故填healthy。
49．fresher
【解析】句意：下了一夜的雨，山更绿了，空气也更清新了。fresh“清新的”，根据“the muntains are much greener”以及“much”可知此处用形容词的比较级作表语。故填fresher。
50．victries
【解析】句意：作为团队一起工作意味着一起庆祝胜利和面对失败。动词“celebrating”后缺宾语，根据“and facing lsses”可知表达庆祝胜利，是复数概念，用复数名词“victries”。故填victries。
51．chclate
【解析】句意：生命就像一盒巧克力，你永远不知道你将会拿到哪块。介词“f”后缺宾语，表达“一盒巧克力”用“a bx f chclate”。故填chclate。
52．mdern
【解析】句意：中国共产党正在带领民族建设社会主义现代化强国。此处修饰名词“scialist cuntry”应用形容词mdern“现代的”。故填mdern。
53．Thirty
【解析】句意：她离开三十分钟后，天开始下大雪。三十：thirty，此处表示数量，用基数词，放句首首字母大写。故填Thirty。
54．fined
【解析】句意：如果我们在公共场所丢垃圾，我们会被警察罚款。罚款：fine，主语we和谓语fine之间是被动关系，此处用过去分词和be动词构成被动语态。故填fined。
55．herself
【解析】句意：妈妈加入我们这个小组，向我们的新朋友介绍她自己。动词“intrduced”后缺宾语，表达“她自己”用反身代词“herself”。故填herself。