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2022-2023学年河南省南阳市高一（下）期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析)
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这是一份2022-2023学年河南省南阳市高一（下）期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析)，共20页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。
A
If yu had an extra ﹩ 100，hw wuld yu use it t bring mre kindness in yur cmmunity？If yu have a creative respnse t that questin，read ur FAQ belw and apply fr ur mnthly cntest.
What is it？
Kindness-In-Actin helps individuals put kindness idea int actin.Peple frm all arund the wrld submit their ideas n what they wuld d if they had an extra ﹩ 100，and KindSpring selects a winner every mnth.
Hw des it wrk？
First，yu submit yur idea，and if it gets selected，yu'll hear frm ne f ur vlunteer reviewers abut setting up a phne r Skype call.Fllwing that，we'll mail yu a check，yu'll have a mnth t implement（实施） the idea in yur cmmunity，and then share yur experience and phts with the KindSpring cmmunity.We'll als feature it in ur mnthly newsletter that reaches mre than 100 thusand peple in 150 cuntries，s thers can share the idea and spread mre lve!
What is the criteria fr selectin？
Yur persnal intentin，creative use f Smile.Cards，ptential ripple effect （连锁反应） in the lcal cmmunity，and the vtes frm the KindSpring cmmunity（existing members can lgin and vte as well）.Ultimately，we are trying t inspire small （nt big!） acts f kindness.
Hw did yu start？
We received an unexpected dnatin in May.T share in the jy，we psted a small blurb in ur nline cmmunity asking fr ideas.In less than cuple weeks，mre than 50 ideas were submitted and dzens f peple helped us evaluate the ideas by adding "smiles".On July 1st，we annunced ur first winner and a cmmitment t cntinue this experiment.The aim f the experiment cntinues t be：T inspire creative acts f kindness in lcal cmmunities，t empwer individuals t practice genersity，t mdel a trust-drive philanthrpy（慈善事业），and t spread gd ideas.
Click Here t Apply.Or jin ur cmmunity and help us select the next winner.
1.What can we learn frm the text？ ______
A. A winner is selected every year.
B. Only peple frm America can submit their ideas.
C. An unexpected act f kindness cntributes t its rigin.
D. The ne selected needs t use his r her wn mney t implement the idea.
2.What's the purpse f Kindness-In-Actin？ ______
A. T chse mre wise cnsumers.
B. T prmte internatinal cperatin.
C. T aruse peple t express themselves.
D. T encurage acts f kindness and spread gd ideas.
3.Where is this text prbably taken frm？ ______
A. A textbk.B. A guidebk.C. A website.D. A reprt.
B
During the years that passed frm I was brn until my siblings（兄弟姐妹） and myself mved away frm hme，my mther didn't have a jb.If she had been asked t fill ut a questinnaire abut her persnal data，she wuld have left the questin 'Emplyment' empty.She believed that her jb was t be ur mther-full time.That was the way she had chsen it t be.
There is an ld yellwed phtgraph f my mther and father，taken in 1942，when they were n their hneymn.They are sitting at a table in a restaurant.In the pht my mther lks very beautiful，I think.She was 23 years ld then.
When I lk at the pht，I see a wman wh wuld have had an unlimited number f pprtunities in life.She is mre than just pretty；it is clear t see that she is bth intelligent and vivid.I knw that if she had put her mind t getting a career，the whle wrld wuld have been at her feet.The stry f her yuth cnfirms this.She gt a brilliant exam in ne f the finest schls in the cuntry.In fact，she is the mst intelligent persn I knw.
Yet she has always cnsidered herself as huse wife and mther.Everyne in the twn admired her fr the great effrt she put int charity wrk，but if smene asked her what she did fr a living r wh she was，she answered that she was Rbert Greene's wife，and Rbert's，Debrah's and Timthy's mther.
Tday there are prbably many wmen wh will see what she did as a waste f my mther's gd abilities.Why shuld an intelligent and determined wman be cntent with making s up and sandwiches？
We all g thrugh ur adult life with the cnceptin that we have never been anything but fully develped grwn-ups.But any f us have been small children nce，wh hurried hme frm schl cmpletely assured that smene was waiting fr us at hme.It meant smething then and it means smething tday.And I am eternally（永恒地） grateful that the wman in the yellwed phtgraph was waiting fr me.
4.Why did Mm leave the questin "Emplyment"empty？ ______
A. Because she culdn't write.
B. Because she was a full time mther.
C. Because she culdn't find a jb.
D. Because she was angry at this questin.
5.Which f the fllwing can best describe Mm？ ______
A. Diligent and stubbrn.B. Beautiful and strict.
C. Intelligent and selfless.D. Ambitius and clever.
6.What can we infer frm the passage？ ______
A. The authr has tw siblings.
B. The authr thinks highly f Mm's devtin.
C. Being a full time mther is a waste f ability.
D. An intelligent wman shuldn't be cntent with cking.
7.Which is the mst suitable title fr the text？ ______
A. An Old Yellwed Phtgraph.
B. The Memries f My Family.
C. The Imprtance f Siblings' lve.
D. The Standard f Being a Gd Mther.
C
Researchers at Nrth Carlina State University are prpsing an additinal white traffic light that will act as a sign t human drivers and passengers that they shuld fllw the lead f self-driving vehicles mving thrugh crssrads.
Driving is fundamentally changing.In the future，human drivers will be sharing the rad with autnmus vehicles.The transitin （转变） t autnmus vehicles is prgressing with each passing year and humans are n lnger the nly nes driving cars. This makes it urgent fr traffic lights with a furth clr t becme a reality.
The white traffic light wuld be equipped with wireless Bluetth technlgy and wuld engage when the number f autnmus vehicles driving n the rad at any given time exceeds a certain threshld（阈值）.Autnmus vehicles wuld be in cmmunicatin with each ther and with the traffic lights at crssrads，within a certain range.Any human drivers in the mix wuld be infrmed t fllw the lead f the vehicle in frnt f them via the white light：stp if it stps；cntinue if it cntinues.
In simulatin mdels，autnmus vehicles were shwn t imprve traffic flw n their wn.The higher the percentage f autnmus vehicles at a crssrads，the faster the traffic mved."The white light can be used t crdinate （协调） traffic in any situatin invlving autnmus vehicles and tells human drivers what's ging n，s that they knw what they are suppsed t d as they apprach the crsswrds，"says civil engineer Ali Hajbabaie.
As an example，mst recently，Tesla's prblematic full-self-driving vehicles have been criticized after a car crashed int a fire truck.Cnsequently，the ptential risks make researchers suggest adding a furth clr t traffic lights in the cming years.
8.What des the underlined wrd"this" in paragraph 2 refer t？ ______
A. Driving alng the rads.
B. Driving thrugh crssrads.
C. The transitin t many human drivers.
D. The transitin t autnmus vehicles.
9.What des paragraph 3 mainly talk abut？ ______
A. Hw drivers react t the traffic.
B. Hw the white traffic light wrks.
C. Hw Bluetth technlgy changes.
D. Hw autnmus vehicles cmmunicate with each ther.
10.Why is the white light used accrding t Ali Hajbabaie？ ______
A. T crdinate traffic.B. T slw traffic flw.
C. T stp human drivers.D. T Cntrl traffic lights.
11.What is researchers' attitude twards adding a furth clr t traffic lights？ ______
A. Indifferent.B. Negative.C. Dubtful.D. Favrable.
D
Just three days after being diagnsed with COVID-19 in September 2022，Janne Hrt realized she'd lst her sense f smell when she culdn't taste sme range juice."I panicked，and ran t the bathrm and started trying t smell my perfume，but there was nthing，"she said.Hrt's experience is nw quite a cmmn stry.
Arund 86 per cent f peple wh have had COVID-19 experience a change in their sense f smell.Fr mst，it's shrt-lived but fr ne in every five，particularly the ver-40s，the damage takes ver six mnths t reslve.
This epidemic f smell lss，a cnditin knwn in medical terms as ansmia （嗅觉缺失），has fcused attentin back n the sense that bilgist Charles Darwin nce described as "f extremely slight service t mankind" Almst 150 years after he said that，we nw knw that Darwin was wrng--very wrng."Research has discvered mre than 600 genes in the human bdy assciated with the sense f smell，" explains sensry expert Prfessr Eugeni Rur a frm Australia's University f Queensland."That's arund three per cent f the whle genme（基因组） assciated with just ne system.That's huge and shws that the sense f smell is actually extremely imprtant t the human bdy."
S hw d we smell？It happens when dur mlecules in the air hit nerves in the lining f the nse.These send signals t the lfactry rgan （嗅觉器官），the part f the brain that interprets smell.The lfactry rgan makes up arund five percent f the human brain.It's estimated that it can discriminate between a millin different durs，such as varius spices，surness，sweetness，etc.Each f us has a unique sense f smell and the strength f ur unique smell is related t the genes.Other factrs further determine hw sensitive yur sense f smell is.
12.What's the functin f paragraph 1？ ______
A. Intrducing the tpic f the passage.
B. Presenting a unique statement.
C. Prviding sme backgrund infrmatin.
D. Describing the painful life f Janne.
13.Which f the fllwing may the authr agree with？ ______
A. Charles Darwin is a terrible bilgist.
B. Sense f smell is unimprtant t us humans.
C. Eugeni Rura agrees with Darwin's pinin f sense f smell.
D. Many genes in the human bdy are assciated with the sense f smell.
14.What des the underlined wrd"discriminate"in the last paragraph prbably mean？ ______
A. Recgnize.B. Understand.C. Admire.D. Reflect.
15.What will be talked abut in the next paragraph？ ______
A. Measures t imprve the sense system f ur bdy.
B. Other factrs determining the sensitiveness f ur sense f smell.
C. The relatinship between ur unique smell and the genes in ur bdy.
D. The lfactry rgan's huge influence n ur brains and nerves f the nse.
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。
Tips fr First-Time Campers
Nature prvides fr us in a variety f ways，whether we recgnize these gifts r nt.But nature isn't just there fr us t explre.（1） ______ .
Be Prepared：What t Take Camping
While the saying "always be prepared" is a nble enugh guideline fr activities like hiking and camping，smetimes，less is mre.But depending n the area where yu're staying，the weather can be unpredictable，（2） ______ .Having a simple repair kit and a first-aid kit may save yu frm minr headaches and injuries，as will ding yur hmewrk when planning where t g and what t take camping.
If yu're hiking，be sure t bring plenty f clean water alng，as well as nutritius fds t keep yu ging.Fr cffee，cheap instant cffee packets can lessen the mess.Yu may als be able t use running water r river stnes t keep items cler lnger （r simply use a therms）.
D Yur Research
Becme familiar with different trees and what they ffer.Sme trees prvide wd that's gd fr whittling and making walking sticks and canes.Sme wd is gd fr starting fires，while ther wd is gd fr keeping them ging.（3） ______ .Yu can use pine needles in tea r rub them n yur skin if yu're trying t be stealthy while hunting deer.If yu spt elm trees near a creek r river，yu may be able t find the famus mre l mushrm nearby— just make sure yu can psitively identify the mushrm r are with smene wh can!
（ 4） ______ .Sme places charge a small fee t park r camp r they require cnservatin fees t keep the area clean.Depending n where yu live，yu may want t invest in a metal detectr r a bat fr a bit f additinal fun.Yu can als purchase a fishing license，which helps keep areas clean and lakes and rivers stcked with fish.
（ 5） ______
I dn't like t hunt r party；I enjy simply sitting n a sand bar at dawn，watching the mist rise frm the water.I see and hear all kinds f wildlife，such as deer，wls，bats，birds，squirrels，and beavers.I listen fr the beavers making splashes at night with their wide，flat tails.I hear cytes hwling at night t.I've seen cttnmuth snakes and even panther tracks!I lve the serenity and the small thrills，the kinds f experiences I wuldn't trade fr anything in the wrld.
A.G hunting
B.Enjy Nature
C.yu may have t finish yur hmewrk
D.and ne small hle in yur tent can leave yu a sleepless mess
E.Wherever yu live，there are plenty f free areas yu can visit
F.Other trees may prvide nuts and fruits，such as pecans，mulberries，and persimmns
G.By fllwing these tips fr first-time campers，anyne can engage with nature in a mre grateful way
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。
Life is full f ups and dwns，yu must understand that yu will smetimes fail at things and it is kay when that happens.Frm being a kid t transitining int a （an）（ 1） ______ ，yu will fail at many things in life but that will nly tell yu abut yurself.Yu will get t learn abut yur true（2） ______ ，the things yu are gd at，and the things that yu are（3） ______ .We must learn t embrace the prcess rather than run frm it，nly then will we be able t（4） ______ ur gals in life.
Let me tell yu smething abut myself，and hw I faced（5） ______ in life.In my early years at schl，I had truble with sme（6） ______ ，I used t get really bad grades.Smetimes I wuld get an F and that wuld make me really（7） ______ ，I used t think："What will I shw my parents？" S what I used t d was cver thse grades up.I wuld turn the F int a B just t（8） ______ my parents，At the beginning，everything went smthly，but（9） ______ ，I was caught ding that.I learned a lt after that，I knew that I had t（10） ______ that failure and learn frm it，and smething（11） ______ actually came frm it.I started ding better with my grades，that F turned int a B naturally，and that B turned int an A.
Whenever yu face a failure，never think that yu are never ging t（12） ______ frm this，yu must think f ways t（13） ______ yurself.Did yu knw that it tk Thmas Edisn 10，000（14） ______ t perfect the light bulb？Bill Gates failed many times，even his first cmpany was a cmplete wreck.All f this is prf that we must learn frm ur failures，nt（15） ______ them!
21.A. figureB. adultC. clwnD. cnductr
22.A. strengthsB. cmpnentsC. figuresD. symbls
23.A. accessible tB. wrthy fC. bad atD. ashamed f
24.A. achieveB. perfrmC. adaptD. flw
25.A. cmediesB. frtunesC. elementsD. failures
26.A. imagesB. identitiesC. subjectsD. accunts
27.A. excitedB. scaredC. cmmittedD. emtinal
28.A. infrmB. pleaseC. winD. lve
29.A. exactlyB. brieflyC. bviuslyD. eventually
30.A. acceptB. chargeC. selectD. trick
31.A. terribleB. bjectiveC. wnderfulD. classical
32.A. shwB. defendC. recverD. disappint
33.A. causeB. apprveC. delayD. better
34.A. talentsB. cntestsC. expressinsD. attempts
35.A. run frmB. jump atC. scream atD. leave fr
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
36.Accrding t a reprt by Suth China Mrning Pst，China is planning t launch a hyperlp （超级高铁），als knwn as a super-high speed pipeline maglev system by 2035.If the prject ges as （1） ______ （plan），the new train will be the wrld's（2） ______ （fast） grund-based transprt technlgy.
Chinese authrities have annunced the（3） ______ （apprve） f the cuntry's first hyperlp line.Its length will be 175 kilmeters，and it will pass between the cities f Shanghai（4） ______ Hangzhu.These are tw key metrplitan areas fr the cuntry's ecnmy.
The distance between these tw cities can nw be cvered in abut three hurs by car r an hur by high-speed train.Hwever，the hyperlp can reach speeds f up t 1000 km/h，（5） ______ means that the rute can（6） ______ （cmplete） in just 15 minutes.That's twice faster than cmmercial passenger planes and 10 times than traditinal high-speed trains.
The prpsed prject will make China ne f（7） ______ pineers in hyperlp technlgy，（8） ______ （allw） faster travel between several majr cities . （9） ______ （ reduce） nise and pllutin levels，the hyperlp prvides a high-security level with lw energy cnsumptin.The technlgy will（10） ______ （ far） advance China's psitin as a leader in transprt.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。
37.假定你是李华，得知你的英国好朋友Tm刚被北京大学中文系录取，写一封电了邮件对他表示祝贺。
写作内容：（1）表示祝贺；
（2）肯定努力；
（3）表达祝愿。
注意：
（1）词数100左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
38.阅读下面材料。根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
"Hurry up yu guys，r yu'll be late fr schl!" called Mm.We dashed dwnstairs and had a quick breakfast.I was eating my favrite — very sweet cereal，and Sara was having eggs.When I rse t have my bwl washed，Mm whispered， "Yu knw yu need t be cautius tday when yu're walking Sara t schl.It's yur jb t assure me she gets there all right." Then she cast me a very serius lk.I thught t myself，wndering why Mm was making such a big deal ut f this.I was Sara's first day f Kindergarten，but I culd manage it.I wish Mm wuldn't treat me like such a baby.
"Gdbye，Mm!" Sara yelled.She ran ut the dr，and I went behind her.
"Be careful!" my mm yelled.
"I will!" I said back and ran utside.Sara was skipping dwn the frnt walkway t the sidewalk.
I grabbed Sara's hand. "Are yu eager and excited fr yur first day f schl？" I asked，trying t sund like a grwn-up.Sara smiled and ndded her head yes.Meanwhile，my mm was staring at us thrugh the windw. "When will she stp treating me like a little kid？" I thught. "I'll shw yu the way." I said，I felt prud t be the elder sister.We walked past beautiful gardens and big，leafy trees.Suddenly，I heard a grwl and saw a dg walking twards us.He was big and fierce lking with lng sharp teeth. "GRRR!!!" the dg grwled.I didn't see its wner r anyne wh culd help us.My hand became sweaty and Sara stpped walking. "I'm scared，Julie，" she said.I didn't want her t be scared.I wanted t seem brave. "Everything will be kay，" I said.
"GRRR!!!" The dg stepped clser and we culd see it was the size f a small hrse — with red eyes and sharp teeth.
注意：
续写词数应为150左右；
I was trying t make my vice sund calm.___________
I tld Mm what had happened.___________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】C、D、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Hw did yu start？部分We received an unexpected dnatin in May.T share in the jy，we psted a small blurb in ur nline cmmunity asking fr ideas.（五月份我们收到了一笔意想不到的捐款。为了分享这一喜悦，我们在我们的在线社区发布了一篇简短的宣传文章，征求意见。）可知我们能从文中了解到一个意想不到的善举促成了它的起源。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据Hw did yu start？部分The aim f the experiment cntinues t be：T inspire creative acts f kindness in lcal cmmunities，t empwer individuals t practice genersity，t mdel a trust-drive philanthrpy（慈善事业），and t spread gd ideas.（实验的目的仍然是：在当地社区激发创造性的善良行为，赋予个人实践慷慨的权力，树立信任驱动的慈善事业的典范，并传播好的想法。）可知善在行动的目的是鼓励善良的行为，传播好的思想。故选D。
（3）文章出处题。根据最后一段 Click Here t Apply.（点击这里申请。）可知这篇文章可能取自一个网站。故选C。
这篇短文主要介绍了一个名为"Kindness-In-Actin"的活动，该活动鼓励人们用额外的100美元在社区中传播更多的善意。参与者需要提交自己的创意，如果被选中，将有机会获得奖金并在社区中实施自己的创意。活动的目标是激励人们进行小而有创意的善举，通过邮件和社区分享经验和照片，以及在月度通讯中展示获奖者的创意。参与者的个人意图、对Smile.Cards的创造性使用、对当地社区的潜在影响以及KindSpring社区的投票都是选择的标准。该活动始于一个意外的捐赠，通过在线社区征集创意，并通过评估和投票选出获奖者。读者可以点击链接申请参与活动或加入社区帮助选出下一个获奖者。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
4~7.【答案】B、C、B、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段If she had been asked t fill ut a questinnaire abut her persnal data，she wuld have left the questin 'Emplyment' empty.She believed that her jb was t be ur mther-full time.（如果她被要求填写一份关于她的个人数据的问卷，她会把"就业"这个问题留空。她相信她的工作是全职做我们的母亲。）可知，妈妈空着"就业"这个问题，因为她是全职妈妈。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段She is mre than just pretty；it is clear t see that she is bth intelligent and vivid.（她不仅仅是漂亮显而易见，她既聪明又生动。）还有第四段Yet she has always cnsidered herself as huse wife and mther.Everyne in the twn admired her fr the great effrt she put int charity wrk（然而，她一直认为自己是家里的妻子和母亲。镇上的每个人都钦佩她为慈善事业所做的巨大努力）可知作者的妈妈是A.Diligent and stubbrn勤奋的和固执的；B.Beautiful and strict美丽的和严格的；C.Intelligent and selfless勤奋的和无私的；D.Ambitius and clever有野心的和聪明的。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段And I am eternally（永恒地） grateful that the wman in the yellwed phtgraph was waiting fr me.（我永远感激黄照片中的那个女人在等我。）可知作者对妈妈的奉献高度评价。故选B。
（4）标题判断题。根据全文和第二段There is an ld yellwed phtgraph f my mther and father，taken in 1942，when they were n their hneymn.They are sitting at a table in a restaurant.In the pht my mther lks very beautiful，I think.She was 23 years ld then.（有一张我母亲和父亲的黄照片，拍摄于1942年，当时他们正在度蜜月。他们坐在一家餐厅的桌子旁。我想，照片中我母亲看起来很漂亮。当时她23岁。）和最后一段And I am eternally（永恒地） grateful that the wman in the yellwed phtgraph was waiting fr me.（我永远感激黄照片中的那个女人在等我。）可知，作者通过一张老照片回忆自己聪明的和无私的妈妈。An Old Yellwed Phtgraph.（一张老照片。）是最合适的标题。故选A。
本文为记叙文。这段短文主要写了作者的母亲选择成为全职母亲的故事。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
8~11.【答案】D、B、A、D
【解析】（1）代词指代题。根据第二段中The transitin （转变） t autnmus vehicles is prgressing with each passing year and humans are n lnger the nly nes driving cars.（向自动驾驶汽车的过渡正在逐年推进，人类不再是唯一驾驶汽车的人）可知，上文讲的是向自动驾驶汽车的过渡，所以划线词this指代的是向自动驾驶汽车的过渡。故选D。
（2）段落大意题。根据第三段中The white traffic light wuld be equipped with wireless Bluetth technlgy and wuld engage when the number f autnmus vehicles driving n the rad at any given time exceeds a certain threshld（白色红绿灯将配备无线蓝牙技术，当任何特定时间在路上行驶的自动驾驶汽车数量超过一定阈值时，红绿灯就会亮起）以及Any human drivers in the mix wuld be infrmed t fllw the lead f the vehicle in frnt f them via the white light：stp if it stps；cntinue if it cntinues（混合车流中的任何人类驾驶员都将被通知通过白色红绿灯跟随前方车辆：如果车辆停止，则停车如果继续，则继续）可推理出，本段主要讲的是白色红绿灯的运作原理。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段The white light can be used t crdinate （协调） traffic in any situatin invlving autnmus vehicles and tells human drivers what's ging n，s that they knw what they are suppsed t d as they apprach the crsswrds（在任何涉及自动驾驶汽车的情况下，白色红绿灯都可以用来协调交通，并告诉人类驾驶员发生了什么，这样他们就知道在接近路口时应该做什么）可知，白色红绿灯可用于协调交通。故选A。
（4）观点态度题。根据最后一段Tesla's prblematic full-self-driving vehicles have been criticized after a car crashed int a fire truck.Cnsequently，the ptential risks make researchers suggest adding a furth clr t traffic lights in the cming years（特斯拉有问题的全自动驾驶汽车在一辆汽车撞上消防车后受到批评。因此，潜在的风险使研究人员建议在未来几年为红绿灯增加第四种颜色）可知，特斯拉的交通事故使得人们认为有必要在未来几年为红绿灯增加第四种颜色，可推理出研究人员对安装第四种红绿灯的态度是支持的。故选D。
该短文主要介绍了北卡罗来纳州立大学的研究人员提出了一种额外的白色交通信号灯，用于告知人类驾驶员和乘客应该跟随自动驾驶车辆通过十字路口。未来，人类驾驶员将与自动驾驶车辆共享道路，因此需要引入第四种颜色的交通信号灯。这种白色交通信号灯将配备无线蓝牙技术，当道路上的自动驾驶车辆数量超过一定阈值时，它将启动。模拟模型显示，自动驾驶车辆可以提高交通流量。因此，研究人员建议在未来几年将第四种颜色添加到交通信号灯中，以减少潜在的风险。
根据题目中的关键词，准确定位有效信息并进行适度加工，是解答本题的关键。
12~15.【答案】A、D、A、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段Janne Hrt realized she'd lst her sense f smell when she culdn't taste sme range juice（乔安妮•霍特意识到，当她尝不到橙汁时，她失去了嗅觉）、第三段That's huge and shws that the sense f smell is actually extremely imprtant t the human bdy（这是巨大的，表明嗅觉实际上对人体极其重要）以及最后一段"Each f us has a unique sense f smell and the strength f ur unique smell is related t the genes（我们每个人都有独特的嗅觉，我们独特嗅觉的强度与基因有关）"可知，第一段的主要作用是引入文章的主题，故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段That's arund three per cent f the whle genme（基因组） assciated with just ne system.That's huge and shws that the sense f smell is actually extremely imprtant t the human bdy."（这大约占整个基因组的3%，只与一个系统相关。这是巨大的，表明嗅觉实际上对人体极其重要）可知，人体中的许多基因都与嗅觉有关，故选D。
（3）词义猜测题。根据最后一段划线词下文between a millin different durs，such as varius spices，surness，sweetness，etc（……一百万种不同的气味之间，如各种香料、酸味、甜味等）可推理出划线词的含义为"识别"，A.Recgnize识别；B.Understand理解；C.Admire钦佩；D.Reflect反射。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句Other factrs further determine hw sensitive yur sense f smell is（更多的其他因素决定了你的嗅觉有多灵敏）可推理出，接下来要讨论的是决定我们嗅觉灵敏度的其他因素，故选B。
这篇短文主要讲述了COVID-19疫情期间，许多人失去嗅觉的现象。大约86%的感染者会出现嗅觉变化，其中五分之一的人需要超过六个月才能恢复。这种嗅觉丧失的流行现象引起了人们对嗅觉的关注，科学家发现人体与嗅觉有关的基因超过600个，显示出嗅觉对人体非常重要。嗅觉是通过空气中的气味分子刺激鼻子内壁的神经，然后发送信号到大脑中负责嗅觉的部分。每个人的嗅觉都是独一无二的，与基因有关，其他因素也会影响嗅觉的敏感度。
做这类题材阅读理解时要在通读文章的基础上，做题时结合原文和题目找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
16~20.【答案】G、D、F、A、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前句Nature prvides fr us in a variety f ways，whether we recgnize these gifts r nt.But nature isn't just there fr us t explre（无论我们是否认识到这些天赋，大自然都以各种方式为我们提供帮助。但大自然不仅仅是供我们探索的）；以及后文提出的建议，可知表示"通过遵循这些针对首次露营者的建议，任何人都可以以一种更感激的方式与大自然接触"的选项G可以承接前文探索大自然的话题，引出后文给出的建议，故选G。
（2）推理判断题。根据前半句But depending n the area where yu're staying，the weather can be unpredictable（但根据你所住的地区，天气可能是不可预测的），可知表示"你帐篷里的一个小洞会让你彻夜难眠"的选项D可以承接前半句，介绍天气可能是不可预测的话题，而且就句子结构来说，这里需要并列句，故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据前句Sme wd is gd fr starting fires，while ther wd is gd fr keeping them ging（有些木材有利于生火，而另一些木材有利于保持它们的活力），可知表示"其他树木可能提供坚果和水果，如山核桃、桑椹和柿子"的选项F可以承接前文，介绍对于树木的利用，故选F。
（4）主题判断题。根据后文Sme places charge a small fee t park r camp r they require cnservatin fees t keep the area clean.Depending n where yu live，yu may want t invest in a metal detectr r a bat fr a bit f additinal fun.Yu can als purchase a fishing license，which helps keep areas clean and lakes and rivers stcked with fish（有些地方停车或露营只需收取少量费用，或者需要缴纳保护费来保持该地区的清洁。根据你居住的地方，你可能想投资一个金属探测器或一艘船来获得额外的乐趣。你还可以购买捕鱼许可证，这有助于该地区有鱼湖泊和河流保持清洁），可知表示"狩猎"的选项A可以作为本段的主题，介绍可以狩猎一些东西，故选A。
（5）主题判断题。根据后句I dn't like t hunt r party；I enjy simply sitting n a sand bar at dawn，watching the mist rise frm the water.I see and hear all kinds f wildlife，such as deer，wls，bats，birds，squirrels，and beavers...（我不喜欢打猎或聚会我喜欢在黎明时坐在沙坝上，看着薄雾从水中升起。我看到并听到各种各样的野生动物，如鹿、猫头鹰、蝙蝠、鸟类、松鼠和海狸），可知表示"享受大自然"的选项B可以作为本段的主题---享受大自然的一切，故选B。
这是一篇说明文。作者给首次露营的人一些小贴士。
这是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~35.【答案】B、A、C、A、D、C、B、B、D、A、C、C、D、D、A
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.figure数字；B.adult成人；C.clwn小丑；D.cnductr指挥。句意：从一个孩子过渡到一个成年人，你会在生活中的许多事情上失败，但这只会告诉你自己。根据空前Frm being a kid t transitining int可知此处是指从孩子转变为成人。故选B。
（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.strengths力量；B.cmpnents部件；C.figures数字；D.symbls标志。句意：你会了解到你真正的力量，你擅长什么，不擅长什么。根据下文the things yu are gd at可知此处是指了解自己的力量。故选A。
（3）考查形容词短语及语境理解。A.accessible t易接近的；B.wrthy f值得；C.bad at不擅长；D.ashamed f为感到羞愧。句意：你会了解到你真正的力量，你擅长什么，不擅长什么。根据前文the things yu are gd at可知此处和擅长的事情相对，表示不擅长的事。故选C。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.achieve达到；B.perfrm表演；C.adapt适应；D.flw流动。句意：我们必须学会拥抱这个过程，而不是逃避它，只有这样我们才能实现我们的人生目标。根据空后gals可知此处指的是实现目标。故选A。
（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.cmedies喜剧；B.frtunes财富；C.elements元素；D.failures失败。句意：让我告诉你一些关于我自己的事情，以及我是如何面对生活中的失败的。根据前文Let me tell yu smething abut myself可知作者以自己举例向我们说明如何面对失败。故选D。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.images形象；B.identities身份；C.subjects科目；D.accunts账户。句意：在我上学的早期，我在一些科目上遇到了麻烦，我以前的成绩很差。根据空后I used t get really bad grades可知是学习科目不好。故选C。
（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.excited激动的；B.scared害怕的；C.cmmitted尽心尽力的；D.emtinal情感的。句意：有时我会得F，这让我很害怕，我过去常常想："我该给我的父母看什么？"根据前文Smetimes I wuld get an F可知得到F应该会害怕不知道怎么面对父母。故选B。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.infrm通知；B.please（使）满意；C.win赢得；D.lve喜爱。句意：我会把F变成B来取悦我的父母。根据I wuld turn the F int a B可知改成绩是为了让父母满意。故选B。
（9）考查副词及语境理解。A.exactly确切地；B.briefly简短地；C.bviusly明显地；D.eventually最终地。句意：一开始，一切都很顺利，但最终，我被抓住了。根据后文I was caught ding that.可知这是最终的结果。故选D。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.accept接受；B.charge负责；C.select选择；D.trick哄骗。句意：在那之后我学到了很多，我知道我必须接受失败，并从中吸取教训，而一些美好的事情确实发生了。根据空后and learn frm it可知此处是指接收失败。故选A。
（11）考查形容词及语境理解。A.terrible糟糕的；B.bjective客观的；C.wnderful美好的；D.classical古典的。句意：在那之后我学到了很多，我知道我必须接受失败，并从中吸取教训，而一些美好的事情确实发生了。根据下文I started ding better with my grades可知成绩提高是好的事情。故选C。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.shw展示；B.defend防卫；C.recver恢复；D.disappint使失望。句意：每当你面对失败时，不要认为你永远不会从中恢复过来，你必须想办法让自己变得更好。根据空前never think that yu are never ging t可知此处是指从失败中恢复过来。故选C。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.cause导致；B.apprve赞成；C.delay推迟；D.better改善。句意：每当你面对失败时，不要认为你永远不会从中恢复过来，你必须想办法让自己变得更好。根据空前yu must think f ways t可知此处是指想办法使自己更好。故选D。
（14）考查名词及语境理解。A.talents天赋；B.cntests竞赛；C.expressins表情；D.attempts尝试。句意：你知道托马斯•爱迪生花了一万次努力才发明出完美的灯泡吗？根据空前10，000可知此处是指尝试了一万次。故选D。
（15）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.run frm逃跑；B.jump at欣然接受；C.scream at对尖叫；D.leave fr动身去。句意：所有这些都证明我们必须从失败中学习，而不是逃避！根据前文we must learn frm ur failures可知我们应该从失败中学习而不是逃避失败。故选A。
本文是一篇记叙文，作者通过分享自己在学校成绩不好时的经历向我们说明人生中会经历成功和失败，我们必须接受失败并从中学习。
做完形填空题之前，必须先浏览全文，了解短文的大意，这是非常重要的一个步骤。通过短文所提供的信息，借助语感及相关知识的推断，可以从整体上把握短文的轮廓。在通读全文，了解大意的基础上，便可着手答题。根据习惯用法、固定搭配，并从上下文中找关键性暗示，注意前后对照，逐句精读，逐题分析选项。所有的答案选出之后，应再次通读全文，对所选的答案进行核实调整。
36.【答案】【小题1】planned
【小题2】fastest
【小题3】apprval
【小题4】and
【小题5】which
【小题6】be cmpleted
【小题7】the
【小题8】allwing
【小题9】T reduce
【小题10】further
【解析】（1）考查固定搭配。句意：如果该项目按计划进行，新列车将成为世界上速度最快的地面运输技术。根据句意表示"按照计划"，应用短语as planned，故填planned。
（2）考查形容词最高级。句意：如果该项目按计划进行，新列车将成为世界上速度最快的地面运输技术。根据句意及定冠词the可知，此处应用形容词fast的最高级fastest表示"最快的"，故填fastest。
（3）考查可数名词单数。句意：中国当局宣布批准中国首条超级高铁线。分析可知，此处应用名词apprval作宾语，结合语境可知，此处特指批准中国首条超级高铁线，故应用其单数形式，故填apprval。
（4）考查固定搭配。句意：它的长度将达到175公里，它将穿过上海和杭州之间。"和之间"，固定搭配，故填and。
（5）考查定语从句关系词。句意：然而，超级高铁线的速度可以达到1000公里/小时，这意味着这条路线可以在15分钟内完成。分析可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，意为"这"，故应用关系代词which来引导，故填which。
（6）考查语态。句意：然而，超级高铁线的速度可以达到1000公里/小时，这意味着这条路线可以在15分钟内完成。分析可知，所填词为从句谓语动词，主语the rute和动词cmplete之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，情态动词can后应用动词原形，故填be cmpleted。
（7）考查冠词。句意：拟议中的项目将使中国成为超级高铁技术的先驱之一，使几个大城市之间的旅行更快。根据句意可知，此处特指超级高铁技术的先驱，故应用定冠词the表示特指，故填the。
（8）考查现在分词。句意：拟议中的项目将使中国成为超级高铁技术的先驱之一，使几个大城市之间的旅行更快。分析可知，此处应用非谓语动词作结果状语，结合句意可知，此处应用现在分词表示自然而然的结果，故填allwing。
（9）考查动词不定式。句意：为了降低噪音和污染水平，超级高铁提供了低能耗的高安全级别。根据句意可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，句首单词首字母应大写，故填T reduce。
（10）考查副词比较级。句意：这项技术将进一步提升中国在交通运输领域的领先地位。分析可知，此处应用副词far的比较级further"进一步地"作状语，修饰动词advance，故填further。
这是一篇新闻报道，文章报道了中国将建造超级高铁这一事件及其重要意义。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
37.【答案】Dear Tm，
I'm writing t cnvey my heartfelt cngratulatins n yur receiving the ffer frm Peking University.I feel mre than delighted fr yu as it's a glden chance t learn frm the great minds.【高分句型一】（表示祝贺）
But indeed n ne culd have been mre deserving f it than yu，because I knw yu have been studying Chinese fr years.It is yur diligence and persistence that stand yu ut in the crwd.【高分句型二】It is a real encuragement t see yur effrts paid ff and I d hpe yu can understand China and its splendid culture better.（肯定努力）
Wish yu still further success in Chinese study and make preparatins fr the cming challenge.（表达祝愿）
Yurs， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：I feel mre than delighted fr yu as it's a glden chance t learn frm the great minds.
译文：我为你感到非常高兴，因为这是一个向伟大的思想学习的黄金机会。
分析：这句话使用了as引导的原因状语从句。
高分句型二：It is yur diligence and persistence that stand yu ut in the crwd.
译文：正是你的勤奋和坚持使你在人群中脱颖而出。
分析：这句话使用了强调句。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
38.【答案】I was trying t make my vice sund calm.Planting my feet reslutely n the grund，I said t Sara： "Dn't be afraid!" while hlding her hand tight.The dg edged clser with the menacing "GRRR!". "Run!" I exclaimed，we sprinting t the kindergarten.Just as the dg was vertaking us，we threw urselves inside.It was really clse!We exchanged a happy smile.Seeing Sara stepping int the classrm，I turned fr hme，wanting desperately t narrate the thrilling episde t Mm.（描写作者是如何帮助Sara的）
I tld Mm what had happened.There fllwed n respnse.Then I saw Mm's tears. "I am s prud f yu!Yu did what yu had prmised!【高分句型一】" Mm said，hlding me in a tight embrace，after which Mm lked int my eyes.She gave me sme advice n tackling fierce dgs： "Next time yu are crnered by such a dg，pretend t pick up a stne.【高分句型二】It will be frightened away." My mm's wrds f praise and advice were deeply engraved in my heart.And I prmised t be a better guardian f Sara.（描写作者将事情告诉妈妈后，妈妈的反应如何？对作者处理这种危险情况做出什么样的评价）
【解析】本文以故事的发展为线索展开，讲述了作者和妹妹Sara吃完早饭以后，作者送妹妹去上幼儿园，这是她第一天去上学，很兴奋地走在前面，这时候出来一只大狗，没有主人在身边，Sara很害怕，作者看似勇敢地告诉妹妹，一切都会没事的，那只大狗呲着牙离作者和Sara更近了。
高分句型一：Yu did what yu had prmised！
翻译：你履行了你的诺言！
分析：本句运用了what引导的宾语从句。
高分句型二：Next time yu are crnered by such a dg，pretend t pick up a stne.
翻译：下次你被这样的狗逼得走投无路时，假装捡起一块石头。
分析：本句运用了Next time引导的时间状语从句。
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。
A
If yu had an extra ﹩ 100，hw wuld yu use it t bring mre kindness in yur cmmunity？If yu have a creative respnse t that questin，read ur FAQ belw and apply fr ur mnthly cntest.
What is it？
Kindness-In-Actin helps individuals put kindness idea int actin.Peple frm all arund the wrld submit their ideas n what they wuld d if they had an extra ﹩ 100，and KindSpring selects a winner every mnth.
Hw des it wrk？
First，yu submit yur idea，and if it gets selected，yu'll hear frm ne f ur vlunteer reviewers abut setting up a phne r Skype call.Fllwing that，we'll mail yu a check，yu'll have a mnth t implement（实施） the idea in yur cmmunity，and then share yur experience and phts with the KindSpring cmmunity.We'll als feature it in ur mnthly newsletter that reaches mre than 100 thusand peple in 150 cuntries，s thers can share the idea and spread mre lve!
What is the criteria fr selectin？
Yur persnal intentin，creative use f Smile.Cards，ptential ripple effect （连锁反应） in the lcal cmmunity，and the vtes frm the KindSpring cmmunity（existing members can lgin and vte as well）.Ultimately，we are trying t inspire small （nt big!） acts f kindness.
Hw did yu start？
We received an unexpected dnatin in May.T share in the jy，we psted a small blurb in ur nline cmmunity asking fr ideas.In less than cuple weeks，mre than 50 ideas were submitted and dzens f peple helped us evaluate the ideas by adding "smiles".On July 1st，we annunced ur first winner and a cmmitment t cntinue this experiment.The aim f the experiment cntinues t be：T inspire creative acts f kindness in lcal cmmunities，t empwer individuals t practice genersity，t mdel a trust-drive philanthrpy（慈善事业），and t spread gd ideas.
Click Here t Apply.Or jin ur cmmunity and help us select the next winner.
1.What can we learn frm the text？ ______
A. A winner is selected every year.
B. Only peple frm America can submit their ideas.
C. An unexpected act f kindness cntributes t its rigin.
D. The ne selected needs t use his r her wn mney t implement the idea.
2.What's the purpse f Kindness-In-Actin？ ______
A. T chse mre wise cnsumers.
B. T prmte internatinal cperatin.
C. T aruse peple t express themselves.
D. T encurage acts f kindness and spread gd ideas.
3.Where is this text prbably taken frm？ ______
A. A textbk.B. A guidebk.C. A website.D. A reprt.
B
During the years that passed frm I was brn until my siblings（兄弟姐妹） and myself mved away frm hme，my mther didn't have a jb.If she had been asked t fill ut a questinnaire abut her persnal data，she wuld have left the questin 'Emplyment' empty.She believed that her jb was t be ur mther-full time.That was the way she had chsen it t be.
There is an ld yellwed phtgraph f my mther and father，taken in 1942，when they were n their hneymn.They are sitting at a table in a restaurant.In the pht my mther lks very beautiful，I think.She was 23 years ld then.
When I lk at the pht，I see a wman wh wuld have had an unlimited number f pprtunities in life.She is mre than just pretty；it is clear t see that she is bth intelligent and vivid.I knw that if she had put her mind t getting a career，the whle wrld wuld have been at her feet.The stry f her yuth cnfirms this.She gt a brilliant exam in ne f the finest schls in the cuntry.In fact，she is the mst intelligent persn I knw.
Yet she has always cnsidered herself as huse wife and mther.Everyne in the twn admired her fr the great effrt she put int charity wrk，but if smene asked her what she did fr a living r wh she was，she answered that she was Rbert Greene's wife，and Rbert's，Debrah's and Timthy's mther.
Tday there are prbably many wmen wh will see what she did as a waste f my mther's gd abilities.Why shuld an intelligent and determined wman be cntent with making s up and sandwiches？
We all g thrugh ur adult life with the cnceptin that we have never been anything but fully develped grwn-ups.But any f us have been small children nce，wh hurried hme frm schl cmpletely assured that smene was waiting fr us at hme.It meant smething then and it means smething tday.And I am eternally（永恒地） grateful that the wman in the yellwed phtgraph was waiting fr me.
4.Why did Mm leave the questin "Emplyment"empty？ ______
A. Because she culdn't write.
B. Because she was a full time mther.
C. Because she culdn't find a jb.
D. Because she was angry at this questin.
5.Which f the fllwing can best describe Mm？ ______
A. Diligent and stubbrn.B. Beautiful and strict.
C. Intelligent and selfless.D. Ambitius and clever.
6.What can we infer frm the passage？ ______
A. The authr has tw siblings.
B. The authr thinks highly f Mm's devtin.
C. Being a full time mther is a waste f ability.
D. An intelligent wman shuldn't be cntent with cking.
7.Which is the mst suitable title fr the text？ ______
A. An Old Yellwed Phtgraph.
B. The Memries f My Family.
C. The Imprtance f Siblings' lve.
D. The Standard f Being a Gd Mther.
C
Researchers at Nrth Carlina State University are prpsing an additinal white traffic light that will act as a sign t human drivers and passengers that they shuld fllw the lead f self-driving vehicles mving thrugh crssrads.
Driving is fundamentally changing.In the future，human drivers will be sharing the rad with autnmus vehicles.The transitin （转变） t autnmus vehicles is prgressing with each passing year and humans are n lnger the nly nes driving cars. This makes it urgent fr traffic lights with a furth clr t becme a reality.
The white traffic light wuld be equipped with wireless Bluetth technlgy and wuld engage when the number f autnmus vehicles driving n the rad at any given time exceeds a certain threshld（阈值）.Autnmus vehicles wuld be in cmmunicatin with each ther and with the traffic lights at crssrads，within a certain range.Any human drivers in the mix wuld be infrmed t fllw the lead f the vehicle in frnt f them via the white light：stp if it stps；cntinue if it cntinues.
In simulatin mdels，autnmus vehicles were shwn t imprve traffic flw n their wn.The higher the percentage f autnmus vehicles at a crssrads，the faster the traffic mved."The white light can be used t crdinate （协调） traffic in any situatin invlving autnmus vehicles and tells human drivers what's ging n，s that they knw what they are suppsed t d as they apprach the crsswrds，"says civil engineer Ali Hajbabaie.
As an example，mst recently，Tesla's prblematic full-self-driving vehicles have been criticized after a car crashed int a fire truck.Cnsequently，the ptential risks make researchers suggest adding a furth clr t traffic lights in the cming years.
8.What des the underlined wrd"this" in paragraph 2 refer t？ ______
A. Driving alng the rads.
B. Driving thrugh crssrads.
C. The transitin t many human drivers.
D. The transitin t autnmus vehicles.
9.What des paragraph 3 mainly talk abut？ ______
A. Hw drivers react t the traffic.
B. Hw the white traffic light wrks.
C. Hw Bluetth technlgy changes.
D. Hw autnmus vehicles cmmunicate with each ther.
10.Why is the white light used accrding t Ali Hajbabaie？ ______
A. T crdinate traffic.B. T slw traffic flw.
C. T stp human drivers.D. T Cntrl traffic lights.
11.What is researchers' attitude twards adding a furth clr t traffic lights？ ______
A. Indifferent.B. Negative.C. Dubtful.D. Favrable.
D
Just three days after being diagnsed with COVID-19 in September 2022，Janne Hrt realized she'd lst her sense f smell when she culdn't taste sme range juice."I panicked，and ran t the bathrm and started trying t smell my perfume，but there was nthing，"she said.Hrt's experience is nw quite a cmmn stry.
Arund 86 per cent f peple wh have had COVID-19 experience a change in their sense f smell.Fr mst，it's shrt-lived but fr ne in every five，particularly the ver-40s，the damage takes ver six mnths t reslve.
This epidemic f smell lss，a cnditin knwn in medical terms as ansmia （嗅觉缺失），has fcused attentin back n the sense that bilgist Charles Darwin nce described as "f extremely slight service t mankind" Almst 150 years after he said that，we nw knw that Darwin was wrng--very wrng."Research has discvered mre than 600 genes in the human bdy assciated with the sense f smell，" explains sensry expert Prfessr Eugeni Rur a frm Australia's University f Queensland."That's arund three per cent f the whle genme（基因组） assciated with just ne system.That's huge and shws that the sense f smell is actually extremely imprtant t the human bdy."
S hw d we smell？It happens when dur mlecules in the air hit nerves in the lining f the nse.These send signals t the lfactry rgan （嗅觉器官），the part f the brain that interprets smell.The lfactry rgan makes up arund five percent f the human brain.It's estimated that it can discriminate between a millin different durs，such as varius spices，surness，sweetness，etc.Each f us has a unique sense f smell and the strength f ur unique smell is related t the genes.Other factrs further determine hw sensitive yur sense f smell is.
12.What's the functin f paragraph 1？ ______
A. Intrducing the tpic f the passage.
B. Presenting a unique statement.
C. Prviding sme backgrund infrmatin.
D. Describing the painful life f Janne.
13.Which f the fllwing may the authr agree with？ ______
A. Charles Darwin is a terrible bilgist.
B. Sense f smell is unimprtant t us humans.
C. Eugeni Rura agrees with Darwin's pinin f sense f smell.
D. Many genes in the human bdy are assciated with the sense f smell.
14.What des the underlined wrd"discriminate"in the last paragraph prbably mean？ ______
A. Recgnize.B. Understand.C. Admire.D. Reflect.
15.What will be talked abut in the next paragraph？ ______
A. Measures t imprve the sense system f ur bdy.
B. Other factrs determining the sensitiveness f ur sense f smell.
C. The relatinship between ur unique smell and the genes in ur bdy.
D. The lfactry rgan's huge influence n ur brains and nerves f the nse.
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。
Tips fr First-Time Campers
Nature prvides fr us in a variety f ways，whether we recgnize these gifts r nt.But nature isn't just there fr us t explre.（1） ______ .
Be Prepared：What t Take Camping
While the saying "always be prepared" is a nble enugh guideline fr activities like hiking and camping，smetimes，less is mre.But depending n the area where yu're staying，the weather can be unpredictable，（2） ______ .Having a simple repair kit and a first-aid kit may save yu frm minr headaches and injuries，as will ding yur hmewrk when planning where t g and what t take camping.
If yu're hiking，be sure t bring plenty f clean water alng，as well as nutritius fds t keep yu ging.Fr cffee，cheap instant cffee packets can lessen the mess.Yu may als be able t use running water r river stnes t keep items cler lnger （r simply use a therms）.
D Yur Research
Becme familiar with different trees and what they ffer.Sme trees prvide wd that's gd fr whittling and making walking sticks and canes.Sme wd is gd fr starting fires，while ther wd is gd fr keeping them ging.（3） ______ .Yu can use pine needles in tea r rub them n yur skin if yu're trying t be stealthy while hunting deer.If yu spt elm trees near a creek r river，yu may be able t find the famus mre l mushrm nearby— just make sure yu can psitively identify the mushrm r are with smene wh can!
（ 4） ______ .Sme places charge a small fee t park r camp r they require cnservatin fees t keep the area clean.Depending n where yu live，yu may want t invest in a metal detectr r a bat fr a bit f additinal fun.Yu can als purchase a fishing license，which helps keep areas clean and lakes and rivers stcked with fish.
（ 5） ______
I dn't like t hunt r party；I enjy simply sitting n a sand bar at dawn，watching the mist rise frm the water.I see and hear all kinds f wildlife，such as deer，wls，bats，birds，squirrels，and beavers.I listen fr the beavers making splashes at night with their wide，flat tails.I hear cytes hwling at night t.I've seen cttnmuth snakes and even panther tracks!I lve the serenity and the small thrills，the kinds f experiences I wuldn't trade fr anything in the wrld.
A.G hunting
B.Enjy Nature
C.yu may have t finish yur hmewrk
D.and ne small hle in yur tent can leave yu a sleepless mess
E.Wherever yu live，there are plenty f free areas yu can visit
F.Other trees may prvide nuts and fruits，such as pecans，mulberries，and persimmns
G.By fllwing these tips fr first-time campers，anyne can engage with nature in a mre grateful way
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。
Life is full f ups and dwns，yu must understand that yu will smetimes fail at things and it is kay when that happens.Frm being a kid t transitining int a （an）（ 1） ______ ，yu will fail at many things in life but that will nly tell yu abut yurself.Yu will get t learn abut yur true（2） ______ ，the things yu are gd at，and the things that yu are（3） ______ .We must learn t embrace the prcess rather than run frm it，nly then will we be able t（4） ______ ur gals in life.
Let me tell yu smething abut myself，and hw I faced（5） ______ in life.In my early years at schl，I had truble with sme（6） ______ ，I used t get really bad grades.Smetimes I wuld get an F and that wuld make me really（7） ______ ，I used t think："What will I shw my parents？" S what I used t d was cver thse grades up.I wuld turn the F int a B just t（8） ______ my parents，At the beginning，everything went smthly，but（9） ______ ，I was caught ding that.I learned a lt after that，I knew that I had t（10） ______ that failure and learn frm it，and smething（11） ______ actually came frm it.I started ding better with my grades，that F turned int a B naturally，and that B turned int an A.
Whenever yu face a failure，never think that yu are never ging t（12） ______ frm this，yu must think f ways t（13） ______ yurself.Did yu knw that it tk Thmas Edisn 10，000（14） ______ t perfect the light bulb？Bill Gates failed many times，even his first cmpany was a cmplete wreck.All f this is prf that we must learn frm ur failures，nt（15） ______ them!
21.A. figureB. adultC. clwnD. cnductr
22.A. strengthsB. cmpnentsC. figuresD. symbls
23.A. accessible tB. wrthy fC. bad atD. ashamed f
24.A. achieveB. perfrmC. adaptD. flw
25.A. cmediesB. frtunesC. elementsD. failures
26.A. imagesB. identitiesC. subjectsD. accunts
27.A. excitedB. scaredC. cmmittedD. emtinal
28.A. infrmB. pleaseC. winD. lve
29.A. exactlyB. brieflyC. bviuslyD. eventually
30.A. acceptB. chargeC. selectD. trick
31.A. terribleB. bjectiveC. wnderfulD. classical
32.A. shwB. defendC. recverD. disappint
33.A. causeB. apprveC. delayD. better
34.A. talentsB. cntestsC. expressinsD. attempts
35.A. run frmB. jump atC. scream atD. leave fr
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
36.Accrding t a reprt by Suth China Mrning Pst，China is planning t launch a hyperlp （超级高铁），als knwn as a super-high speed pipeline maglev system by 2035.If the prject ges as （1） ______ （plan），the new train will be the wrld's（2） ______ （fast） grund-based transprt technlgy.
Chinese authrities have annunced the（3） ______ （apprve） f the cuntry's first hyperlp line.Its length will be 175 kilmeters，and it will pass between the cities f Shanghai（4） ______ Hangzhu.These are tw key metrplitan areas fr the cuntry's ecnmy.
The distance between these tw cities can nw be cvered in abut three hurs by car r an hur by high-speed train.Hwever，the hyperlp can reach speeds f up t 1000 km/h，（5） ______ means that the rute can（6） ______ （cmplete） in just 15 minutes.That's twice faster than cmmercial passenger planes and 10 times than traditinal high-speed trains.
The prpsed prject will make China ne f（7） ______ pineers in hyperlp technlgy，（8） ______ （allw） faster travel between several majr cities . （9） ______ （ reduce） nise and pllutin levels，the hyperlp prvides a high-security level with lw energy cnsumptin.The technlgy will（10） ______ （ far） advance China's psitin as a leader in transprt.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。
37.假定你是李华，得知你的英国好朋友Tm刚被北京大学中文系录取，写一封电了邮件对他表示祝贺。
写作内容：（1）表示祝贺；
（2）肯定努力；
（3）表达祝愿。
注意：
（1）词数100左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
38.阅读下面材料。根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
"Hurry up yu guys，r yu'll be late fr schl!" called Mm.We dashed dwnstairs and had a quick breakfast.I was eating my favrite — very sweet cereal，and Sara was having eggs.When I rse t have my bwl washed，Mm whispered， "Yu knw yu need t be cautius tday when yu're walking Sara t schl.It's yur jb t assure me she gets there all right." Then she cast me a very serius lk.I thught t myself，wndering why Mm was making such a big deal ut f this.I was Sara's first day f Kindergarten，but I culd manage it.I wish Mm wuldn't treat me like such a baby.
"Gdbye，Mm!" Sara yelled.She ran ut the dr，and I went behind her.
"Be careful!" my mm yelled.
"I will!" I said back and ran utside.Sara was skipping dwn the frnt walkway t the sidewalk.
I grabbed Sara's hand. "Are yu eager and excited fr yur first day f schl？" I asked，trying t sund like a grwn-up.Sara smiled and ndded her head yes.Meanwhile，my mm was staring at us thrugh the windw. "When will she stp treating me like a little kid？" I thught. "I'll shw yu the way." I said，I felt prud t be the elder sister.We walked past beautiful gardens and big，leafy trees.Suddenly，I heard a grwl and saw a dg walking twards us.He was big and fierce lking with lng sharp teeth. "GRRR!!!" the dg grwled.I didn't see its wner r anyne wh culd help us.My hand became sweaty and Sara stpped walking. "I'm scared，Julie，" she said.I didn't want her t be scared.I wanted t seem brave. "Everything will be kay，" I said.
"GRRR!!!" The dg stepped clser and we culd see it was the size f a small hrse — with red eyes and sharp teeth.
注意：
续写词数应为150左右；
I was trying t make my vice sund calm.___________
I tld Mm what had happened.___________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】C、D、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Hw did yu start？部分We received an unexpected dnatin in May.T share in the jy，we psted a small blurb in ur nline cmmunity asking fr ideas.（五月份我们收到了一笔意想不到的捐款。为了分享这一喜悦，我们在我们的在线社区发布了一篇简短的宣传文章，征求意见。）可知我们能从文中了解到一个意想不到的善举促成了它的起源。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据Hw did yu start？部分The aim f the experiment cntinues t be：T inspire creative acts f kindness in lcal cmmunities，t empwer individuals t practice genersity，t mdel a trust-drive philanthrpy（慈善事业），and t spread gd ideas.（实验的目的仍然是：在当地社区激发创造性的善良行为，赋予个人实践慷慨的权力，树立信任驱动的慈善事业的典范，并传播好的想法。）可知善在行动的目的是鼓励善良的行为，传播好的思想。故选D。
（3）文章出处题。根据最后一段 Click Here t Apply.（点击这里申请。）可知这篇文章可能取自一个网站。故选C。
这篇短文主要介绍了一个名为"Kindness-In-Actin"的活动，该活动鼓励人们用额外的100美元在社区中传播更多的善意。参与者需要提交自己的创意，如果被选中，将有机会获得奖金并在社区中实施自己的创意。活动的目标是激励人们进行小而有创意的善举，通过邮件和社区分享经验和照片，以及在月度通讯中展示获奖者的创意。参与者的个人意图、对Smile.Cards的创造性使用、对当地社区的潜在影响以及KindSpring社区的投票都是选择的标准。该活动始于一个意外的捐赠，通过在线社区征集创意，并通过评估和投票选出获奖者。读者可以点击链接申请参与活动或加入社区帮助选出下一个获奖者。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
4~7.【答案】B、C、B、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段If she had been asked t fill ut a questinnaire abut her persnal data，she wuld have left the questin 'Emplyment' empty.She believed that her jb was t be ur mther-full time.（如果她被要求填写一份关于她的个人数据的问卷，她会把"就业"这个问题留空。她相信她的工作是全职做我们的母亲。）可知，妈妈空着"就业"这个问题，因为她是全职妈妈。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段She is mre than just pretty；it is clear t see that she is bth intelligent and vivid.（她不仅仅是漂亮显而易见，她既聪明又生动。）还有第四段Yet she has always cnsidered herself as huse wife and mther.Everyne in the twn admired her fr the great effrt she put int charity wrk（然而，她一直认为自己是家里的妻子和母亲。镇上的每个人都钦佩她为慈善事业所做的巨大努力）可知作者的妈妈是A.Diligent and stubbrn勤奋的和固执的；B.Beautiful and strict美丽的和严格的；C.Intelligent and selfless勤奋的和无私的；D.Ambitius and clever有野心的和聪明的。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段And I am eternally（永恒地） grateful that the wman in the yellwed phtgraph was waiting fr me.（我永远感激黄照片中的那个女人在等我。）可知作者对妈妈的奉献高度评价。故选B。
（4）标题判断题。根据全文和第二段There is an ld yellwed phtgraph f my mther and father，taken in 1942，when they were n their hneymn.They are sitting at a table in a restaurant.In the pht my mther lks very beautiful，I think.She was 23 years ld then.（有一张我母亲和父亲的黄照片，拍摄于1942年，当时他们正在度蜜月。他们坐在一家餐厅的桌子旁。我想，照片中我母亲看起来很漂亮。当时她23岁。）和最后一段And I am eternally（永恒地） grateful that the wman in the yellwed phtgraph was waiting fr me.（我永远感激黄照片中的那个女人在等我。）可知，作者通过一张老照片回忆自己聪明的和无私的妈妈。An Old Yellwed Phtgraph.（一张老照片。）是最合适的标题。故选A。
本文为记叙文。这段短文主要写了作者的母亲选择成为全职母亲的故事。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
8~11.【答案】D、B、A、D
【解析】（1）代词指代题。根据第二段中The transitin （转变） t autnmus vehicles is prgressing with each passing year and humans are n lnger the nly nes driving cars.（向自动驾驶汽车的过渡正在逐年推进，人类不再是唯一驾驶汽车的人）可知，上文讲的是向自动驾驶汽车的过渡，所以划线词this指代的是向自动驾驶汽车的过渡。故选D。
（2）段落大意题。根据第三段中The white traffic light wuld be equipped with wireless Bluetth technlgy and wuld engage when the number f autnmus vehicles driving n the rad at any given time exceeds a certain threshld（白色红绿灯将配备无线蓝牙技术，当任何特定时间在路上行驶的自动驾驶汽车数量超过一定阈值时，红绿灯就会亮起）以及Any human drivers in the mix wuld be infrmed t fllw the lead f the vehicle in frnt f them via the white light：stp if it stps；cntinue if it cntinues（混合车流中的任何人类驾驶员都将被通知通过白色红绿灯跟随前方车辆：如果车辆停止，则停车如果继续，则继续）可推理出，本段主要讲的是白色红绿灯的运作原理。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段The white light can be used t crdinate （协调） traffic in any situatin invlving autnmus vehicles and tells human drivers what's ging n，s that they knw what they are suppsed t d as they apprach the crsswrds（在任何涉及自动驾驶汽车的情况下，白色红绿灯都可以用来协调交通，并告诉人类驾驶员发生了什么，这样他们就知道在接近路口时应该做什么）可知，白色红绿灯可用于协调交通。故选A。
（4）观点态度题。根据最后一段Tesla's prblematic full-self-driving vehicles have been criticized after a car crashed int a fire truck.Cnsequently，the ptential risks make researchers suggest adding a furth clr t traffic lights in the cming years（特斯拉有问题的全自动驾驶汽车在一辆汽车撞上消防车后受到批评。因此，潜在的风险使研究人员建议在未来几年为红绿灯增加第四种颜色）可知，特斯拉的交通事故使得人们认为有必要在未来几年为红绿灯增加第四种颜色，可推理出研究人员对安装第四种红绿灯的态度是支持的。故选D。
该短文主要介绍了北卡罗来纳州立大学的研究人员提出了一种额外的白色交通信号灯，用于告知人类驾驶员和乘客应该跟随自动驾驶车辆通过十字路口。未来，人类驾驶员将与自动驾驶车辆共享道路，因此需要引入第四种颜色的交通信号灯。这种白色交通信号灯将配备无线蓝牙技术，当道路上的自动驾驶车辆数量超过一定阈值时，它将启动。模拟模型显示，自动驾驶车辆可以提高交通流量。因此，研究人员建议在未来几年将第四种颜色添加到交通信号灯中，以减少潜在的风险。
根据题目中的关键词，准确定位有效信息并进行适度加工，是解答本题的关键。
12~15.【答案】A、D、A、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段Janne Hrt realized she'd lst her sense f smell when she culdn't taste sme range juice（乔安妮•霍特意识到，当她尝不到橙汁时，她失去了嗅觉）、第三段That's huge and shws that the sense f smell is actually extremely imprtant t the human bdy（这是巨大的，表明嗅觉实际上对人体极其重要）以及最后一段"Each f us has a unique sense f smell and the strength f ur unique smell is related t the genes（我们每个人都有独特的嗅觉，我们独特嗅觉的强度与基因有关）"可知，第一段的主要作用是引入文章的主题，故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段That's arund three per cent f the whle genme（基因组） assciated with just ne system.That's huge and shws that the sense f smell is actually extremely imprtant t the human bdy."（这大约占整个基因组的3%，只与一个系统相关。这是巨大的，表明嗅觉实际上对人体极其重要）可知，人体中的许多基因都与嗅觉有关，故选D。
（3）词义猜测题。根据最后一段划线词下文between a millin different durs，such as varius spices，surness，sweetness，etc（……一百万种不同的气味之间，如各种香料、酸味、甜味等）可推理出划线词的含义为"识别"，A.Recgnize识别；B.Understand理解；C.Admire钦佩；D.Reflect反射。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句Other factrs further determine hw sensitive yur sense f smell is（更多的其他因素决定了你的嗅觉有多灵敏）可推理出，接下来要讨论的是决定我们嗅觉灵敏度的其他因素，故选B。
这篇短文主要讲述了COVID-19疫情期间，许多人失去嗅觉的现象。大约86%的感染者会出现嗅觉变化，其中五分之一的人需要超过六个月才能恢复。这种嗅觉丧失的流行现象引起了人们对嗅觉的关注，科学家发现人体与嗅觉有关的基因超过600个，显示出嗅觉对人体非常重要。嗅觉是通过空气中的气味分子刺激鼻子内壁的神经，然后发送信号到大脑中负责嗅觉的部分。每个人的嗅觉都是独一无二的，与基因有关，其他因素也会影响嗅觉的敏感度。
做这类题材阅读理解时要在通读文章的基础上，做题时结合原文和题目找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
16~20.【答案】G、D、F、A、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前句Nature prvides fr us in a variety f ways，whether we recgnize these gifts r nt.But nature isn't just there fr us t explre（无论我们是否认识到这些天赋，大自然都以各种方式为我们提供帮助。但大自然不仅仅是供我们探索的）；以及后文提出的建议，可知表示"通过遵循这些针对首次露营者的建议，任何人都可以以一种更感激的方式与大自然接触"的选项G可以承接前文探索大自然的话题，引出后文给出的建议，故选G。
（2）推理判断题。根据前半句But depending n the area where yu're staying，the weather can be unpredictable（但根据你所住的地区，天气可能是不可预测的），可知表示"你帐篷里的一个小洞会让你彻夜难眠"的选项D可以承接前半句，介绍天气可能是不可预测的话题，而且就句子结构来说，这里需要并列句，故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据前句Sme wd is gd fr starting fires，while ther wd is gd fr keeping them ging（有些木材有利于生火，而另一些木材有利于保持它们的活力），可知表示"其他树木可能提供坚果和水果，如山核桃、桑椹和柿子"的选项F可以承接前文，介绍对于树木的利用，故选F。
（4）主题判断题。根据后文Sme places charge a small fee t park r camp r they require cnservatin fees t keep the area clean.Depending n where yu live，yu may want t invest in a metal detectr r a bat fr a bit f additinal fun.Yu can als purchase a fishing license，which helps keep areas clean and lakes and rivers stcked with fish（有些地方停车或露营只需收取少量费用，或者需要缴纳保护费来保持该地区的清洁。根据你居住的地方，你可能想投资一个金属探测器或一艘船来获得额外的乐趣。你还可以购买捕鱼许可证，这有助于该地区有鱼湖泊和河流保持清洁），可知表示"狩猎"的选项A可以作为本段的主题，介绍可以狩猎一些东西，故选A。
（5）主题判断题。根据后句I dn't like t hunt r party；I enjy simply sitting n a sand bar at dawn，watching the mist rise frm the water.I see and hear all kinds f wildlife，such as deer，wls，bats，birds，squirrels，and beavers...（我不喜欢打猎或聚会我喜欢在黎明时坐在沙坝上，看着薄雾从水中升起。我看到并听到各种各样的野生动物，如鹿、猫头鹰、蝙蝠、鸟类、松鼠和海狸），可知表示"享受大自然"的选项B可以作为本段的主题---享受大自然的一切，故选B。
这是一篇说明文。作者给首次露营的人一些小贴士。
这是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~35.【答案】B、A、C、A、D、C、B、B、D、A、C、C、D、D、A
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.figure数字；B.adult成人；C.clwn小丑；D.cnductr指挥。句意：从一个孩子过渡到一个成年人，你会在生活中的许多事情上失败，但这只会告诉你自己。根据空前Frm being a kid t transitining int可知此处是指从孩子转变为成人。故选B。
（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.strengths力量；B.cmpnents部件；C.figures数字；D.symbls标志。句意：你会了解到你真正的力量，你擅长什么，不擅长什么。根据下文the things yu are gd at可知此处是指了解自己的力量。故选A。
（3）考查形容词短语及语境理解。A.accessible t易接近的；B.wrthy f值得；C.bad at不擅长；D.ashamed f为感到羞愧。句意：你会了解到你真正的力量，你擅长什么，不擅长什么。根据前文the things yu are gd at可知此处和擅长的事情相对，表示不擅长的事。故选C。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.achieve达到；B.perfrm表演；C.adapt适应；D.flw流动。句意：我们必须学会拥抱这个过程，而不是逃避它，只有这样我们才能实现我们的人生目标。根据空后gals可知此处指的是实现目标。故选A。
（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.cmedies喜剧；B.frtunes财富；C.elements元素；D.failures失败。句意：让我告诉你一些关于我自己的事情，以及我是如何面对生活中的失败的。根据前文Let me tell yu smething abut myself可知作者以自己举例向我们说明如何面对失败。故选D。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.images形象；B.identities身份；C.subjects科目；D.accunts账户。句意：在我上学的早期，我在一些科目上遇到了麻烦，我以前的成绩很差。根据空后I used t get really bad grades可知是学习科目不好。故选C。
（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.excited激动的；B.scared害怕的；C.cmmitted尽心尽力的；D.emtinal情感的。句意：有时我会得F，这让我很害怕，我过去常常想："我该给我的父母看什么？"根据前文Smetimes I wuld get an F可知得到F应该会害怕不知道怎么面对父母。故选B。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.infrm通知；B.please（使）满意；C.win赢得；D.lve喜爱。句意：我会把F变成B来取悦我的父母。根据I wuld turn the F int a B可知改成绩是为了让父母满意。故选B。
（9）考查副词及语境理解。A.exactly确切地；B.briefly简短地；C.bviusly明显地；D.eventually最终地。句意：一开始，一切都很顺利，但最终，我被抓住了。根据后文I was caught ding that.可知这是最终的结果。故选D。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.accept接受；B.charge负责；C.select选择；D.trick哄骗。句意：在那之后我学到了很多，我知道我必须接受失败，并从中吸取教训，而一些美好的事情确实发生了。根据空后and learn frm it可知此处是指接收失败。故选A。
（11）考查形容词及语境理解。A.terrible糟糕的；B.bjective客观的；C.wnderful美好的；D.classical古典的。句意：在那之后我学到了很多，我知道我必须接受失败，并从中吸取教训，而一些美好的事情确实发生了。根据下文I started ding better with my grades可知成绩提高是好的事情。故选C。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.shw展示；B.defend防卫；C.recver恢复；D.disappint使失望。句意：每当你面对失败时，不要认为你永远不会从中恢复过来，你必须想办法让自己变得更好。根据空前never think that yu are never ging t可知此处是指从失败中恢复过来。故选C。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.cause导致；B.apprve赞成；C.delay推迟；D.better改善。句意：每当你面对失败时，不要认为你永远不会从中恢复过来，你必须想办法让自己变得更好。根据空前yu must think f ways t可知此处是指想办法使自己更好。故选D。
（14）考查名词及语境理解。A.talents天赋；B.cntests竞赛；C.expressins表情；D.attempts尝试。句意：你知道托马斯•爱迪生花了一万次努力才发明出完美的灯泡吗？根据空前10，000可知此处是指尝试了一万次。故选D。
（15）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.run frm逃跑；B.jump at欣然接受；C.scream at对尖叫；D.leave fr动身去。句意：所有这些都证明我们必须从失败中学习，而不是逃避！根据前文we must learn frm ur failures可知我们应该从失败中学习而不是逃避失败。故选A。
本文是一篇记叙文，作者通过分享自己在学校成绩不好时的经历向我们说明人生中会经历成功和失败，我们必须接受失败并从中学习。
做完形填空题之前，必须先浏览全文，了解短文的大意，这是非常重要的一个步骤。通过短文所提供的信息，借助语感及相关知识的推断，可以从整体上把握短文的轮廓。在通读全文，了解大意的基础上，便可着手答题。根据习惯用法、固定搭配，并从上下文中找关键性暗示，注意前后对照，逐句精读，逐题分析选项。所有的答案选出之后，应再次通读全文，对所选的答案进行核实调整。
36.【答案】【小题1】planned
【小题2】fastest
【小题3】apprval
【小题4】and
【小题5】which
【小题6】be cmpleted
【小题7】the
【小题8】allwing
【小题9】T reduce
【小题10】further
【解析】（1）考查固定搭配。句意：如果该项目按计划进行，新列车将成为世界上速度最快的地面运输技术。根据句意表示"按照计划"，应用短语as planned，故填planned。
（2）考查形容词最高级。句意：如果该项目按计划进行，新列车将成为世界上速度最快的地面运输技术。根据句意及定冠词the可知，此处应用形容词fast的最高级fastest表示"最快的"，故填fastest。
（3）考查可数名词单数。句意：中国当局宣布批准中国首条超级高铁线。分析可知，此处应用名词apprval作宾语，结合语境可知，此处特指批准中国首条超级高铁线，故应用其单数形式，故填apprval。
（4）考查固定搭配。句意：它的长度将达到175公里，它将穿过上海和杭州之间。"和之间"，固定搭配，故填and。
（5）考查定语从句关系词。句意：然而，超级高铁线的速度可以达到1000公里/小时，这意味着这条路线可以在15分钟内完成。分析可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，意为"这"，故应用关系代词which来引导，故填which。
（6）考查语态。句意：然而，超级高铁线的速度可以达到1000公里/小时，这意味着这条路线可以在15分钟内完成。分析可知，所填词为从句谓语动词，主语the rute和动词cmplete之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，情态动词can后应用动词原形，故填be cmpleted。
（7）考查冠词。句意：拟议中的项目将使中国成为超级高铁技术的先驱之一，使几个大城市之间的旅行更快。根据句意可知，此处特指超级高铁技术的先驱，故应用定冠词the表示特指，故填the。
（8）考查现在分词。句意：拟议中的项目将使中国成为超级高铁技术的先驱之一，使几个大城市之间的旅行更快。分析可知，此处应用非谓语动词作结果状语，结合句意可知，此处应用现在分词表示自然而然的结果，故填allwing。
（9）考查动词不定式。句意：为了降低噪音和污染水平，超级高铁提供了低能耗的高安全级别。根据句意可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，句首单词首字母应大写，故填T reduce。
（10）考查副词比较级。句意：这项技术将进一步提升中国在交通运输领域的领先地位。分析可知，此处应用副词far的比较级further"进一步地"作状语，修饰动词advance，故填further。
这是一篇新闻报道，文章报道了中国将建造超级高铁这一事件及其重要意义。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
37.【答案】Dear Tm，
I'm writing t cnvey my heartfelt cngratulatins n yur receiving the ffer frm Peking University.I feel mre than delighted fr yu as it's a glden chance t learn frm the great minds.【高分句型一】（表示祝贺）
But indeed n ne culd have been mre deserving f it than yu，because I knw yu have been studying Chinese fr years.It is yur diligence and persistence that stand yu ut in the crwd.【高分句型二】It is a real encuragement t see yur effrts paid ff and I d hpe yu can understand China and its splendid culture better.（肯定努力）
Wish yu still further success in Chinese study and make preparatins fr the cming challenge.（表达祝愿）
Yurs， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：I feel mre than delighted fr yu as it's a glden chance t learn frm the great minds.
译文：我为你感到非常高兴，因为这是一个向伟大的思想学习的黄金机会。
分析：这句话使用了as引导的原因状语从句。
高分句型二：It is yur diligence and persistence that stand yu ut in the crwd.
译文：正是你的勤奋和坚持使你在人群中脱颖而出。
分析：这句话使用了强调句。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
38.【答案】I was trying t make my vice sund calm.Planting my feet reslutely n the grund，I said t Sara： "Dn't be afraid!" while hlding her hand tight.The dg edged clser with the menacing "GRRR!". "Run!" I exclaimed，we sprinting t the kindergarten.Just as the dg was vertaking us，we threw urselves inside.It was really clse!We exchanged a happy smile.Seeing Sara stepping int the classrm，I turned fr hme，wanting desperately t narrate the thrilling episde t Mm.（描写作者是如何帮助Sara的）
I tld Mm what had happened.There fllwed n respnse.Then I saw Mm's tears. "I am s prud f yu!Yu did what yu had prmised!【高分句型一】" Mm said，hlding me in a tight embrace，after which Mm lked int my eyes.She gave me sme advice n tackling fierce dgs： "Next time yu are crnered by such a dg，pretend t pick up a stne.【高分句型二】It will be frightened away." My mm's wrds f praise and advice were deeply engraved in my heart.And I prmised t be a better guardian f Sara.（描写作者将事情告诉妈妈后，妈妈的反应如何？对作者处理这种危险情况做出什么样的评价）
【解析】本文以故事的发展为线索展开，讲述了作者和妹妹Sara吃完早饭以后，作者送妹妹去上幼儿园，这是她第一天去上学，很兴奋地走在前面，这时候出来一只大狗，没有主人在身边，Sara很害怕，作者看似勇敢地告诉妹妹，一切都会没事的，那只大狗呲着牙离作者和Sara更近了。
高分句型一：Yu did what yu had prmised！
翻译：你履行了你的诺言！
分析：本句运用了what引导的宾语从句。
高分句型二：Next time yu are crnered by such a dg，pretend t pick up a stne.
翻译：下次你被这样的狗逼得走投无路时，假装捡起一块石头。
分析：本句运用了Next time引导的时间状语从句。
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
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