【备注2024中职高考】中职英语 二轮复习 阅读专题训练 （三十一）科普知识和现代技术（含答案+解析）

这是一份【备注2024中职高考】中职英语 二轮复习 阅读专题训练 （三十一）科普知识和现代技术（含答案+解析），共7页。试卷主要包含了阅读单选等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读单选
Peple depend n plants. We use plants fr fd, clth, shelter (住处), and even the air we breathe. Plants keep ur air and water clean. Green plants give us xygen (氧气). Oxygen is part f the air we breathe.
Plants are als part f the water cycle (循环). Mst f the water that a plant takes in ges back int the air.
Plants give us lts f the fd n the earth. Fruits, vegetables, and grains (谷物) cme frm plants. Withut plants, we wuld nt have bread, rice, carrts, apples, ranges, r bananas! Many peple are grwing plants t eat in their wn gardens at hme. Having yur wn garden helps the earth as well.
When yu grw yur wn fruits and vegetables, yu help cut dwn n pllutin because big trucks dn’t need t take yur fd t shps. Yu als help cut dwn n the amunt f rubbish because yu dn’t need t use bags fr packing yur fd. Yu can just pick it ut f the grund r ff a plant and put it int a basket!
Trees are an imprtant plant resurce (资源). Trees prvide wd t build hmes and furniture. Trees are used t make lts f things arund yur hme and at yur schl. And trees prvide fruits that are gd fr yu. Withut trees, the earth wuld be a very different place.
1．________ is part f the air we breathe.
A．SunlightB．WaterC．FdD．Oxygen
2．What happens t mst f the water that a plant takes in?
A．It ges back int the air.B．It stays in the plant.
C．It ges int the grund.D．It stays in the river.
3．What des the phrase “cut dwn n” mean in Paragraph 5?
A．引起B．接受C．减少D．除了
4．What is the best title f the passage?
A．A Different PlaceB．The Uses f Plants
C．Fd n the EarthD．Gardens at Hme
5．Yu wuld find the passage in _________.
A．an interesting nvelB．a bk abut animals
C．a ppular playD．a bk abut nature
When we were kids, learning plite expressins was imprtant. Our parents taught us t say “thank yu” when we received help, and t say “please”when we needed a favr frm thers. But wuld yu say” thank yu” and “please” t a digital(数码的) assistant?
Recently, Amazn annunced it had added new features t its smart assistant Alexa. One f the develpments-a pliteness feature(特点)-draws sme parents’ attentin. Their children keep frgetting their manners because they have becme used t shuting rders at their Ech, a smart speaker similar t Alexa.
When kids ask Alexa t slve a math prblem using the wrd “please” such as “Alexa, please tell me what 5 plus 7 is”Alexa will nt nly give the crrect answer, but als give the fllwing respnse “Thanks fr asking s nicely”.
Hwever, sme peple believe kids shuldn’t have t thank a machine, as children can tell the difference between machines and humans. But then again, we dn’t usually talk alud t a fridge r an ATM, either.
“I ask Siri t turn n the lights r set an alarm in the same natural language that I use in day-t-day life,” cmmentatr(评论员) Chaim Gartenberg wrte n the website. “It desn’t matter whether an Ech can hear r understand it-it matters that yu say it.”
With the increasing use f AI (artificial intelligence), frming the habit f being plite in everyday life is becming even mre imprtant, as the British research cmpany ChildWise fund. In January, it published a reprt warning that peple wh becme used t cutting curtesies(礼貌的话) and giving rders t digital assistants might becme rude when dealing with thers.
Traditinally, we can tell hw nice peple are by watching hw they interact with a waiter. In a similar way, even if the AI r digital assistant desn’t care abut it, ther peple arund us are ging t experience hw we interact with it.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
6．Accrding t Paragraphs 2 and 3,what’s true abut the new Alexa?
A．It nly fllws children’s rders.B．A new speaker Ech is added t it.
C．It can help children learn gd manners.D．It will refuse t answer if it’s treated rudely.
7．What’s the prblem with sme children nwadays?
A．They keep shuting rders at their parents.
B．They frget their manners when talking t a smart assistant.
C．They can’t slve simple math prblems.
D．They can’t tell the difference between machines and humans.
8．What des Chaim Gartenberg prbably think f the pliteness feature in Alexa?
A．It’s unsafe.B．It’s ppular.C．It’s incnvenient.D．It’s helpful.
9．What did ChildWise find abut peple wh treat machines badly?
A．They becme less imprtant.B．They take mre interest in giving rders.
C．They might be rude t peple.D．They dn’t knw hw t deal with thers.
10．What’s the text mainly abut?
A．A new feature f Amazn’s smart assistant Alexa.B．Why it’s imprtant t be plite t machines.
C．Prblems caused by the increasing use f AI.D．Hw AI influences peple’s manners.
Take yur dg fr a meal. At mre restaurants, including sme f the mst fashinable nes, dining with animals is nw part f the evening’s menu.
When lcals in Key West g ut t dinner, a ppular place is an pen-air restaurant. On entering the restaurant, they’ll likely see a cat next t a sign that says “Pet the Cat, $1.”
Fr the wners f the restaurant, serving human guests alngside their pets is a n-brainer. Since they pened the restaurant, they’ve had a friendly rule twards pets, the ne that allws pets int the restaurant in a given week.
Americans mre and mre depend n restaurants (they eat 4.2 meals ut each week), it’s nly natural that the family pet is finally getting int the act. Enter “pet-friendly restaurants” int an Internet search engine and many restaurants cme ut.
Why d restaurants curt pets? “Dgs never send their fd back,” jkes ne wner.
The trend（趋势）desn’t nly belng t cmmn places. Many high-rank restaurants als have fllwed the trend. And there are sme cks making a special effrt t treat thse with fur legs. Lrie Ann, c-wner and ck at a restaurant named Fish Wagn in Calif, specializing in German and French fd, serves a free hme-made “dggie burger” and a few dggie “ckies” t nn-human guests.
Even as mre restaurants seek t draw pet wners, they are still the exceptin. Mst lcal health rules make it clear that pets shuld be prevented frm restaurants and suggest that they be kept ut f pen-air areas. Still, many fficials dn’t pay attentin t the rules and allw pets t sit utside with their wners.
T make pet wners cnvenient within the rules, sme restaurants allw pets t sit with their wners nly when the animals are “parked” just utside the designated（指定的）dining area.
11．Why des it becme part f the evening’s menu t take pets fr a meal naturally in America?
A．Many restaurants aim t please nn-human guests.
B．Peple have meals ut mre ften than ever befre.
C．Pet wners want t give their pets better things t eat.
D．Mre and mre restaurants have friendly rules fr pets.
12．What des the underlined wrd “curt” mean in Paragraph 5?
A．Try t please.B．Try t stp.C．Try t clean.D．Try t intrduce.
13．What can be inferred frm the last tw paragraphs?
A．Restaurants please wners in rder t bring mre dgs.
B．Restaurants give mre special service t pets than humans.
C．Restaurants try t balance between the rules and guests’ need.
D．Health rules dn’t have any influence n dining ut with pets.
14．Which wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A．Pet MealsB．Petting Cats in Restaurants
C．Pet OwnersD．Dining ut with Yur Pets
Artificial intelligence(人工智能) r AI fr shrt, is the science f giving cmputers and machines ability t think and wrk like humans. AI scientists and engineers have made a lt f cl technlgies.
AI is rapidly catching up with the human ability t read faces. As a result, facial recgnitin(识别) is used a lt in the wrld. Chinese plice use this technlgy t check peple's infrmatin.
AI is als used in self-driving cars, which are believed t be the future f driving.
Mst drivers may wave r nd at passers-by t let them crss the street, but self-driving cars dn't have this ability. Car makers are testing a light signal system t help them "speak" t humans. The system can shw what self-driving cars will d.
Service Rbts als shw yu hw pwerful AI is. Imagine this-yu cme back hme frm schl and yur rbt husekeeper is waiting fr yu at the dr. After dinner, he teaches yu t play the pian, just like a real music teacher. Such thughts will sn happen in the real wrd. In the future, mre and mre service rbts will becme gd hme helpers.
AI is s pwerful that it can help human beings and even replace us in many jbs.
15．AI is the science f giving cmputers and machines ability t ________ like humans.
A．think and wrkB．run and dC．make and decideD．play and drive
16．Accrding t the passage, facial recgnitin is used fr ________.
A．driving carsB．making peple smile
C．calling the pliceD．checking peple's infrmatin
17．In the future, a self-driving car may cmmunicate with humans by ________.
A．waving t themB．speaking t themC．ndding at themD．a light signal system
18．Which f the fllwing is mentined in the passage?
A．A rbt husekeeper is waiting fr yu in the dr.
B．The rbt will d yur husewrk fr yu.
C．The rbt is ging t teach yu hw t play games.
D．The rbt is ready t wash clthes fr yu.
19．What is the main idea f the passage?
A．Peple use AI in many different ways.
B．AI will take the place f human beings in many jbs.
C．Self﹣driving cars will be able t talk like humans.
D．Service rbts will becme gd hme helpers.
参考答案：
1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了植物在人类生活中的重要作用。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Oxygen is part f the air we breathe.”可知，氧气是我们所呼吸的空气中的一部分。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Mst f the water that a plant takes in ges back int the air.”可知，植物所吸收的大部分水分又回到了空气中。故选A。
3．词句猜测题。根据第四段“... big trucks dn’t need t take yur fd t shps.”可知，大卡车不用将食物送到商店就不会排放废气，这样就会减少污染，所以“cut dwn n”应是“减少”的意思。故选C。
4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了植物在人类生活中的重要作用，选项B“植物的用途”与此中心大意最相符。故选B。
5．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了植物的作用，与自然有关。由此可推知，本文最可能出现在一本介绍大自然的书上。故选D。
6．C 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要介绍了人工智能助手Alexa的新特征，该特征和礼貌用语的使用有关，对于这项新特征，不同的人有不同的看法。
6．推理判断题。根据“When kids ask Alexa t slve a math prblem using the wrd “please” such as “ fr asking s nicely”.可知Alexa会对孩子礼貌的提问进行回应，故会帮助孩子们建立礼貌的行为，给选C。
7．细节理解题。根据“Their children keep frgetting their manners because they have becme used t shuting rders at their Ech, a smart speaker similar t Alexa.”可知孩子们在和智能机器打交道时忘记礼仪，故选项B正确，故选B。
8．推理判断题。根据“It desn’t matter whether an Ech can hear r understand it-it matters that yu say it”可知Gartenberg认为Ech能不能听懂不要紧，要紧的是孩子们是否说。故Gartenberg认为这个礼貌的特征是有用的，故选D。
9．细节理解题。根据“In January, it published a reprt warning that peple wh becme used t cutting curtesies(礼貌的话) and giving rders t digital assistants might becme rude when dealing with thers.”可知对人工智能粗鲁的人对待别人可能也会是粗鲁的。故选C。
10．主旨大意题。这篇文章主要讲人工智能Alexa的新特征，故选A。
11．B 12．A 13．C 14．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了随着美国人外出就餐更加频繁，许多餐厅为了吸引顾客也允许顾客带着宠物就餐的现象。
11．细节理解题。根据“Americans mre and mre depend n restaurants (they eat 4.2 meals ut each week), it’s nly natural that the family pet is finally getting int the act.”可知，在美国，因为人们外出就餐的次数比以往任何时候都多了，所以带宠物吃饭自然而然地成为晚上菜单的一部分，故选B。
12．词义猜测题。根据“ ‘Dgs never send their fd back,’ jkes ne wner.”一位主人开玩笑说：“狗从来不会把食物退回来。”，所以餐馆会取悦狗狗，因此单词“curt”指的是“奉承，讨好”，故选A。
13．推理判断题。根据“Even as mre restaurants seek t draw pet wners, they are still the exceptin. Mst lcal health rules make it clear that pets shuld be prevented frm restaurants and suggest that they be kept ut f pen-air areas.”以及下文的理解可知，最后两段主要是介绍餐馆试图在规则和客人的需求之间取得平衡。故选C。
14．最佳标题题。根据“Take yur dg fr a meal. At mre restaurants, including sme f the mst fashinable nes, dining with animals is nw part f the evening’s menu.”以及整个文章的理解可知，主要是介绍和宠物出去吃饭的这一现象越来越常见，故选D。
15．A 16．D 17．D 18．B 19．A
【分析】文章大意：文章主要讲述了人工智能在各个领域的使用。
15．细节理解题。根据Artificial intelligence(人工智能) r AI fr shrt, is the science f giving cmputers and machines ability t think and wrk like humans. 可知人工智能是一门赋予计算机和机器像人类一样思考和工作能力的科学，故选A。
16．细节理解题。根据Chinese plice use this technlgy t check peple's infrmatin. 可知中国警方使用人脸识别技术来检查人们的信息，故选D。
17．细节理解题。根据Car makers are testing a light signal system t help them "speak" t humans. The system can shw what self-driving cars will d. 汽车制造商正在测试一种灯光信号系统，以帮助它们与人类“说话”。该系统可以显示自动驾驶汽车将会做什么，可知是使用灯光信号系统，故选D。
18．理解判断题。根据Such thughts will sn happen in the real wrd. In the future, mre and mre service rbts will becme gd hme helpers. 这样的想法在现实世界中很快就会发生。在未来，越来越多的服务机器人将成为家庭的好帮手，可知这些事情都是发生在将来，B选项将来机器人会帮忙做家务，符合题意，故选B。
19．主旨大意题。根据AI is s pwerful that it can help human beings and even replace us in many jbs. 结