精品解析：北京市东城区2022-2023学年高一上学期期末统一检测英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份精品解析：北京市东城区2022-2023学年高一上学期期末统一检测英语试卷（解析版），共19页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。

本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 知识运用(共两节，共25分)
第一节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My family mved t Perth, Australia when I was six. On the first day f schl, I was ___1___ because I culdn’t even say hell in English.
Then I met Natsumi. Her family had just mved t Australia frm Japan. Unable t speak a wrd f English, we culd nly ___2___ thrugh bdy language, but this did nt stp us frm becming fast ___3___. My mum has a clear memry f ne car trip when Natsumi and I were sitting in the backseat, laughing and talking t each ther in brken English, It was the first time I had felt ___4___ enugh t speak the few wrds I had learned thrughut the year.
Unfrtunately, at the end f that year, Natsumi’s family mved t Queensland and mine t New Suth Wales. We lst ___5___.
Years later, I went int training as a teacher, teaching English t newly-arrived students and adults. Many f my students were Japanese, which ___6___ me f Natsumi. Thugh I had lng been lking fr her, my searches had s far led nwhere.
On a visit t Japan in 2018, I ___7___ again. Having spent a lng night nline, I came acrss smene named Natsumi. Trying my luck, I sent her a message. The next day, there was a ___8___: “Gabi? Gabi frm Perth?”
We agreed n a date and met up fr dinner. Seeing her again was ___9___. Hwever, this time, we were nt nly able t cmmunicate with ne anther in English, but ____10____ s.
1. A. angryB. frightenedC. excitedD. curius
2. A. explreB. imprveC. studyD. cmmunicate
3. A. friendsB. rmmatesC. advisersD. travellers
4. A. shckedB. cnfidentC. upsetD. calm
5. A. heartB. hpeC. interestD. tuch
6. A. warnedB. remindedC. infrmedD. freed
7. A. appliedB. trackedC. triedD. failed
8. A. replyB. tipC. cntactD. sign
9. A. awkwardB. impssibleC. attractiveD. unbelievable
10. A. hnestlyB. peacefullyC. fluentlyD. plitely
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，叙述了作者六岁时搬到澳大利亚遇到了同样不会说英文的Natsumi，两人虽然不会讲英文，但在一起度过了美好的时光。后来，两人都搬家便失去联系，经过作者不断尝试最终两人再次取得联系。
【1题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在上学的第一天，我很紧张害怕，因为我甚至不会用英语打招呼。A. angry生气的；B. frightened害怕的；C. excited兴奋的；D. curius好奇的。根据下文“ because I culdn’t even say hell in English”而可知，作者因为甚至不会用英语打招呼，所以开学第一天应该是害怕的心情。故选B项。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们不会说英语，只能通过肢体语言交流，但这并不妨碍我们很快成为朋友。A. explre探索；B. imprve提升；C. study学习/研究；D. cmmunicate交流。根据下文“thrugh bdy language”可知我们不会说英语，所以只能通过肢体语言来交流。故选D项。
【3题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们不会说英语，只能通过肢体语言交流，但这并不妨碍我们很快成为朋友。A. friends朋友；B. rmmates室友；C. advisers顾问；D. travellers旅行者。根据句意，两个人虽然不会说英语，但是通过肢体语言很快成为朋友，文章未提及两人有其他关系。故选A项。
【4题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是我第一次有足够的信心说出我在这一年里学到的几个单词。A. shcked震惊的；B. cnfident有信心的；C. upset心烦意乱的；D. calm平静的。根据上一句“My mum has a clear memry f ne car trip when Natsumi and I were sitting in the backseat, laughing and talking t each ther in brken English(我妈妈清楚地记得有一次坐车旅行，Natsumi和我坐在后座上，用蹩脚的英语谈笑风生)”可知两人虽然不会说英语，但是可以谈笑风生，作者不再感到害怕，变得越来越有信心。故选B项。
【5题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们失去了联系。A. heart心脏；B. hpe希望；C. interest兴趣；D. tuch 触摸/联系。根据上文“Unfrtunately, at the end f that year, Natsumi’s family mved t Queensland and mine t New Suth Wales(不幸的是，那年年底，Natsumi一家搬到了昆士兰州，我家搬到了新南威尔士州)”可知，两人都搬家，失去联系。故选D项。
【6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的很多学生是日本人，这让我想起了Natsumi。A. warned警告；B. reminded提醒；C. infrmed通知；D. freed释放。根据上文“Years later, I went int training as a teacher, teaching English t newly-arrived students and adults (几年后，我接受了教师培训，教新来的学生和成年人英语)”可知，作者成为了一名老师，而且他的很多学生是日本人，这让他想到了Natsumi。remind sb f sth“让某人想起某事”。故选B项。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2018年访问日本时，我又试了一次。A. applied申请；B. tracked跟踪；C. tried尝试；D. failed失败。根据上文“Thugh I had lng been lking fr her, my searches had s far led nwhere(虽然我一直在找她，但到目前为止一无所获)”可知，作者一直在寻找Natsumi但一无所获。所以在2018年访问日本时又试了一次，想要联系上Natsumi。故选C项。
【8题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天，有人回复道：“加比？珀斯的加比?”A. reply 回复；B. tip尖端/小费；C. cntact联系；D. sign标志。根据上文“Having spent a lng night nline, I came acrss smene named Natsumi. Trying my luck, I sent her a message(在网上度过了漫长的一夜之后，我遇到了一个叫Natsumi的人。碰碰运气，我给她发了个信息)”可知作者发了信息收到了回复。故选A项。
【9题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：能再次见到她有些难以置信。A. awkward尴尬的；B. impssible不可能的；C. attractive吸引人的；D. unbelievable难以置信的。根据上文“Trying my luck, I sent her a message(碰碰运气，我给她发了个信息)”却没有想到收到了回复，联系上了Natsumi，说明联系上Natsumi并再次见到她这件事是令人难以置信的。故选D项。
【10题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这一次，我们不仅能用英语交流，而且很流利。A. hnestly诚实地；B. peacefully和平地；C. fluently流利地；D. plitely礼貌地。根据前文“Years later, I went int training as a teacher, teaching English t newly-arrived students and adults(几年后，我接受了教师培训，教新来的学生和成年人英语)”可知作者儿时不会说英语，现在已经成为英语老师。根据最后一句“Hwever, this time, we were nt nly able t cmmunicate with ne anther in English, but________ s.”中“hwever”可知两人儿时不会说英语，但是现在不仅用英语交流而且可以流利地交流。故选C项。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Ging frm junir high schl t senir high schl is a really big challenge. The first week was a little ____11____ (cnfuse). First, I had t think very carefully abut which curses I wanted t take. The schl adviser helped me chse the suitable nes: maths, English, chemistry, wrld histry, and Chinese. I knw that Chinese is a very difficult language, ____12____ I hpe t be fluent when I graduate. My adviser recmmended that I shuld sign up fr advanced literature ____13____ I like English and I’m gd at it.
【答案】11. cnfusing
12. but 13. because##as##fr
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者刚进入高中后关于选科的一些经历和想法。
【11题详解】
考查形容词。句意：第一周有点混乱。分析句子可知，空处填形容词作表语，表示“令人困惑的，混乱的”用ing结尾的形容词。故填cnfusing。
【12题详解】
考查并列连词。句意：我知道中文是一门很难的语言，但我希望毕业时能说流利。分析句子可知，空处填连词，并列前后两个分句，结合句意表示转折关系。故填but。
【13题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：我的导师建议我报名高级文学。因为我喜欢英语，而且我擅长英语。分析句子可知，空处引导状语从句，表示原因。故填because/as/fr。
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
When Michael Jrdan’s feet left the grund, time seemed t stand still. The player ____14____ became knwn as “Air Jrdan” changed basketball with his graceful mves and jumps. Jrdan’s ____15____ (skill) were impressive, but the mental strength that he shwed made him unique. In the final secnds f a game, Jrdan always seemed t find a way t win. Jrdan says that the secret t his success is learning ____16____ his failures. Lsing games taught him t practice harder and never give up.
【答案】14. wh##that
15. skills 16. frm
【解析】
【导语】文本是一篇人物传记。主要介绍了空中飞人乔丹的篮球技巧和体育精神。
【14题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这位被称为“空中飞人”的球员，他优雅的动作和跳跃改变了篮球。根据后面的谓语动词changed可知前面是一个从句，作player的定语，先行词为player，从句中缺少主语，故填wh/that。
【15题详解】
考查名词。句意：乔丹的技巧令人印象深刻，但他所表现出的精神力量使他独一无二。skill（技巧）是可数名词，根据后面的were可知，句子的主语用复数，故填skills。
16题详解】
考查介词。句意：乔丹说他成功的秘诀是从失败中学习。根据句意以及横线后的his failures是名词短语可知，横线上可填入介词来连接名词短语，构成介宾结构。learn frm“从……中学习”符合题意。故填frm。
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Hurricane Ian, a pwerful strm ____17____ hit Cuba earlier this week, grew t a strng strm befre making landfall n Flrida’s west cast. At least 125 peple, including 120 in Flrida and 5 in Nrth Carlina, ____18____ (die) since the disaster happened. Last week, Ian swept suthwestern Flrida, bringing heavy rains and dangerus flding. Ninety percent f Frt Myers Beach ____19____ (destry) by it. Right nw rescue wrkers ____20____ (wrk) hard day and night t make sure peple are safe.
【答案】17. that##which
18. have been dead
19. was destryed
20. are wrking
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了“伊恩”飓风所造成的的损害。
【17题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：本周早些时候袭击古巴的强风暴“伊恩”飓风在佛罗里达州西海岸登陆前升级为强风暴。分析句子结构，此处考查限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a pwerful strm，指物，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词that或which来引导。故答案为that/which。
【18题详解】
考查时态。句意：自灾难发生以来，至少有125人死亡，其中佛罗里达州120人，北卡罗来纳州5人。分析句子结构，该空在句中作谓语动词，由“since the disaster happened”可知，时态为现在完成时。故答案为have been dead。
【19题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：百分之九十的迈尔斯堡海滩被它摧毁了。由前文句意可知，时态为一般过去时，主语Ninety percent f Frt Myers Beach和destry之间是被动关系，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态；百分数后面所接的名词为单数或不可数名词，在句中作主语时，谓语动词则用单数形式，所以填was destryed。故答案为was destryed。
【20题详解】
考查时态。句意：现在，救援人员日夜努力工作，以确保人们的安全。根据时间提示词“Right nw”可知，时态为现在进行时，所以填are wrking。故答案为are wrking。
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，共28分)
第一节(共9小题;每小题2分，共18分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The Lngji Rice Terraces Day Tur
Overview
Price: U. S. $ 128 Per Persn
Time: Every Day at 8:00 am
Duratin: 9 hurs
Highlights
—Private Guided Tur fr phtgraphy lvers
—Explre the extremely attractive rice terraces
—Experience the unique custms and lifestyle f lcal Zhuang village
Descriptin
The Lngji Rice Terraces are the mst amazing terraces in China. With a histry f arund 700 years, the Lngji Rice Terraces shw bth the great wisdm and physical effrts f the Zhuang peple.
Itinerary
At 8:00 am, yur tur guide and driver will pick yu up frm yur htel in Guilin and transprt yu t the amazing Lngji Terraces. (* Turists staying utside f the city center need t pay an extra fee.)
After a tw-hur drive, yu will reach the entrance t the Lngji Terraces, where yu will take an ec-sightseeing bus t Ping’an Village. Then the tur guide will shw yu arund the village. Lunch is n yur wn. Yur expert guide can give yu sme advice n the fd chices in the village.
After a shrt lunch break, walk fr 20 minutes t N. 2 Viewing Platfrm, a perfect place fr a wnderful view f the terraces beneath. Yu will have enugh time t take pictures and enjy the fresh air.
Other services
◇ Htel pick-up and drp-ff
◇ Private English-speaking guide
◇ Private driver & air-cnditined vehicle
◇ Entrance fees t turist sites
21. The tur is suitable fr peple wh like ______.
A. lcal fdB. studying histry
C. taking phtsD. city adventures
22. What infrmatin can travellers get frm the itinerary?
A. The tur lasts 2 hurs.B. Lunch is included in the price.
C. Transprt t rice terraces is free.D. N. 2 Viewing Platfrm is a must-g.
23. The purpse f the passage is t ______.
A. give advice n hikingB. prmte a package tur
C. intrduce a turist attractinD. prvide gegraphic infrmatin
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章介绍了桂林地区的龙脊梯田一日游的信息。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Highlights的第一条“Private Guided Tur fr phtgraphy lvers (为摄影爱好者提供私人导览服务)”可知，这个旅游适合喜欢摄影的游客。故选C项。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据Itinerary的第三段“After a shrt lunch break, walk fr 20 minutes t N. 2 Viewing Platfrm, a perfect place fr a wnderful view f the terraces beneath. Yu will have enugh time t take pictures and enjy the fresh air. (在短暂的午餐休息后，步行20分钟到达2号观景台，在这里可以欣赏到下面露台的美景。你将有足够的时间拍照和呼吸新鲜空气。)”可知，2号观景台处可以欣赏到美景，并且也留足了拍照时间，所以2号观景台是游客必去之地。故选D项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章标题The Lngji Rice Terraces Day Tur(龙脊梯田一日游)，并通读全文，文章介绍了桂林地区一个规模宏大的梯田群龙脊梯田的一日游的信息，包括价格、出发时间、活动时间，旅行中的最精彩的部分和特点描述，以及具体的行程安排，故这篇文章的目的是推广龙脊梯田一日游的跟团旅行。故选B项。
B
The lder yu get, the mre difficult it is t learn a new language. But n ne knws exactly what the cutff pint is—at what age it becmes harder. In ne f the largest studies, researchers frm Bstn-based universities fund that children are gd at learning a secnd language up until the age f 18, abut 10 years later than earlier thught. But the study als shwed that it is best t start by age 10 if yu want t achieve the grammatical fluency f a native speaker.
T slve this prblem, the research team cllected data n a persn’s age, language level and time studying English. They created a shrt nline grammar quiz called “Which English?” that tested nun-verb agreement, prnuns, prepsitins and relative clauses, amng ther linguistic elements. They wanted t find ut when the “critical perid” fr achieving the highest levels f grammatical fluency ends.
Based n peple’s grammar scres and infrmatin abut their learning f English, the researchers develped mdels t find ut hw lng it takes t becme fluent in a language and the best age t start learning. They cncluded that the ability t learn a new language, at least grammatically, is strngest until the age f 18. T becme cmpletely fluent, hwever, learning shuld start befre the age f 10.
There are three main ideas as t why language-learning ability falls at 18: scial changes, interference (干扰) frm ne’s primary language and cntinuing brain develpment. At 18, kids typically graduate frm high schl and start cllege r enter the wrk frce full-time. Once they d, they may n lnger have the time, pprtunity t study a secnd language. Or it is pssible that after ne masters a first language, its rules interfere with the ability t learn a secnd language. Finally, changes in the brain that cntinue during the late teens and early 20s may smehw make learning harder.
This is nt t say that we cannt learn a new language if we are ver 20. There are many examples f peple wh pick up a language later in life.
Althugh the study was cnducted nly in English the researchers believe the findings will transfer t ther languages and they are develping similar tests fr Spanish and Mandarin.
24. In Paragraph 2, “this prblem” refers t ______.
A. at what age peple can d the quiz
B. hw peple imprve their language skills
C. why peple find it hard t master grammar rules
D. in what perid peple can learn a new language well
25. Why des peple’s language-learning ability fall at 18?
A. Because they have n gd learning envirnment.
B. Because they are busy develping ther life skills.
C. Because they needn’t imprve the language ability.
D. Because they fcus mre n their primary language.
26. Why des the authr write the passage?
A T explain a finding.B. T prvide a slutin.
C. T lead a discussin.D. T supprt an pinin.
【答案】24. D 25. A 26. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究人员发现学习第二语言与年龄之间的关系，18岁时语言学习能力下降，如果想达到母语者的语法流利程度，最好从10岁开始学习。
【24题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“The lder yu get, the mre difficult it is t learn a new language. But n ne knws exactly what the cutff pint is—at what age it becmes harder.(你的年龄越大，学习一门新语言就越困难。但没有人确切地知道截止点是什么，在什么年龄会变得更难)”可知，这是人们面临的问题，所以研究人员想要解决的问题是在什么时期人们可以学好一门新的语言。故选D项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“At 18, kids typically graduate frm high schl and start cllege r enter the wrk frce full-time. Once they d, they may n lnger have the time, pprtunity t study a secnd language.(18岁时，孩子们通常从高中毕业，开始上大学或全职工作。一旦他们开始上大学或者工作，他们可能就没有时间和机会学习第二语言了)”可知，人们在18岁时会开始上大学或者开始工作，所以没有了学习第二语言的时间和机会，即他们没有了学习第二语言的好的学习环境。故选A项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“In ne f the largest studies, researchers frm Bstn-based universities fund that children are gd at learning a secnd language up until the age f 18, abut 10 years later than earlier thught. But the study als shwed that it is best t start by age 10 if yu want t achieve the grammatical fluency f a native speaker.(在规模最大的研究之一中，波士顿大学的研究人员发现，孩子们在18岁之前都很擅长学习第二语言，这比之前想象的要晚10年左右。但研究还表明，如果你想达到母语者的语法流利程度，最好从10岁开始)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了研究人员发现学习第二语言与年龄之间的关系，18岁时语言学习能力下降，如果想达到母语者的语法流利程度，最好从10岁开始学习，所以作者写本篇文章是为了解释这一发现。故选A项。
C
Abut 6 millin t 12 millin creatures are dissected (解剖) in U. S. classrms every year, accrding t the Natinal Anti-Vivisectin Sciety, an animal rights grup. While many students eagerly lk frward t the chance t examine real animals up clse, thers say that there’s n educatinal value in cutting int animals’ bdies. Shuld students dissect real animals?
David Evans, the directr f the Natinal Science Teachers Assciatin, argues that students shuld be given the chance t dissect animals in the classrm. Students learn best in a hands-n envirnment where they can wrk tgether t explre and discver. Interacting with rganisms (生物) is an effective way t help students develp skills f bservatin and cmparisn and learn the unique structures (结构) and prcesses f rganisms. As gd as many mdels r simulatins might be, they are very different frm real rganisms. And he believes they fall shrt f prducing the respect fr living things that cmes frm the actual dissectin experience.
Jnathan Balcmbe, a bilgist and a life-lng animal rights supprter, says, “I spent many years as a bilgy lab teacher. I remember the hrrible feeling I had when it came time fr my class t dissect animals. The lessn required that students cut pen and examine dead frgs, fetal pigs, sparrws, and ther creatures. I felt pity fr these animals, wh prbably suffered befre being killed. And I knew their pain culd have been avided. If students and teachers saw hw these animals typically end up n their desks, I believe that dissectins wuld sn stp.”
He pints ut there are many effective chices fr learning animal dissectin and physilgy, including 3-D mdels, vides, and cmputer sftware. Hundreds f prgrams are free thrugh lending services like The Science Bank. The simulated dissectins can be repeated, and the prgrams prvide feedback. Several studies have shwn that cmputer mdels and ther chices teach students just as well as r better than traditinal animal dissectin.
I’m nt surprised that n state requires dissectin t graduate frm high schl, and n cllege r university demands it as part f the admissins prcess. In fact, laws in 18 U. S. states and Washingtn, D. C. supprt a student’s right t use ther chices. Hwever, dissectin culd have a legal place in educatin if the animals did nt suffer and were nt intentinally killed. Fr example, sme schls have students dissect animals that “were put t sleep” fr medical reasns and whse bdies were dnated t science.
27. Which f the fllwing may Evans agree with?
A. Mdels are as effective as actual dissectins.
B. Students are shrt f chances t dissect animals.
C. Dissecting animals helps peple respect creatures.
D. Students benefit much mre when learning in grups.
28. What d we knw abut Balcmbe’s view n dissecting animals?
A. It causes pain t animals.
B. It advances medicine research.
C. It shuld be mre educatinal.
D. It shuld be put in schl prgrams.
29. What is the passage mainly abut?
A. The nature f dissectin.
B. The necessity f dissectin.
C. The result f dissecting animals.
D. The research n dissected animals.
【答案】27. C 28. A 29. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要探讨了学生是否应该解剖真实的动物这一主题。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“David Evans, the directr f the Natinal Science Teachers Assciatin, argues that students shuld be given the chance t dissect animals in the classrm. (国家科学教师协会主席David Evans认为，应该给学生在课堂上解剖动物的机会)”和“And he believes they fall shrt f prducing the respect fr living things that cmes frm the actual dissectin experience. (他认为，这些实验模拟无法产生对生物的尊重，而这种尊重来自于实际的解剖经验)”可知，David Evans支持学生在课堂上进行真实动物的解刨，他认为实际的解刨实验可以产生对生物的尊重，所以C选项符合David Evans的观点。故答案为C。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段Jnathan Balcmbe所说的话“I felt pity fr these animals, wh prbably suffered befre being killed. And I knew their pain culd have been avided. (我为这些动物感到遗憾，它们在被杀死之前可能遭受了痛苦。我知道它们的痛苦是本可以避免的)”可推知，Jnathan Balcmbe并不支持实际的动物解刨，这种实验会造成对动物的痛苦和伤害，所以A选项符合他的观点。故答案为A。
【29题详解】
主旨大意题。这是一篇议论文，第一段提出了本篇文章的主题“ Shuld students dissect real animals? (学生应该解剖真实的动物吗?)”；第二段描述David Evans持支持态度，三四段描述了Jnathan Balcmbe持反对态度，最后一段作者主张如果动物没有遭受痛苦或被恶意伤害，解剖在教育中可以有一个合法的地位。所以B选项“The necessity f dissectin. (解剖的必要性)”符合本篇文章的主题。故答案为B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Keep Sight f Dry Eye
D yur eyes feel uncmfrtable r dry? If s, yu might have dry eye syndrme (综合征). ____30____ It can affect the enjyment f scial activities and yur ability t fcus n yur studies. But slutins fr dry eyes d exist, s read n.
In the past, dry eye syndrme was mainly a cnditin experienced by lder adults, but it nw affects many yung peple as well. Dry eye ften results frm veruse f cmputers r smartphnes, which causes the user t blink (眨眼) less. Since blinking helps keep ur eyes wet, a lack (缺少) f it can lead t dry eye. ____31____ As a result, thse wh spend a lt f time indrs are particularly at risk. Finally, wearing a medical mask can cause dry eye, since breathing with a mask n can frce air ut thrugh the tp f the mask and int ur eyes.
____32____ The first step tward preventin is cleanliness. When yu wash yur face, clean yur eyes with a mild sap. Then, cver yur eyes with a warm, wet clth. Preventing dry eye als means aviding tiredness in the eyes, s take frequent breaks when using yur cmputer. While yu’re n a cmputer break, fcus n blinking, making sure that yu clse yur eyes fully n each blink. ____33____ Anther way t prevent dry eye is t drink mre water. Fr gd verall health, experts advise drinking 8 t 10 glasses f water per day, which will increase tear prductin.
If yu suffer frm dry eye syndrme, these steps can g a lng way tward making yur eyes feel better. Hwever, if the prblem desn’t g away, then it’s time t see a dctr. ____34____
A. After all, yur health is wrth keeping an eye n.
B. Blinking can help prtect the surface f yur eyes.
C. This happens when yu dn’t prduce enugh tears.
D. Air-cnditining and fans als cntribute t dry eye.
E. Limit screen time and take breaks frm staring at screens.
F. Treatments fr dry eyes can include eye exercises and eye drps.
G. All it takes is a few lifestyle changes t prevent and treat dry eye syndrme.
【答案】30. C 31. D 32. G 33. B 34. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了干眼症的产生原因及预防方法。
【30题详解】
根据上文“If s, yu might have dry eye syndrme (综合征). (如果是这样，你可能患有干眼症)”及下文“It can affect the enjyment f scial activities and yur ability t fcus n yur studies. (它会影响你参加社交活动的乐趣以及你专注于学习的能力)”可知，it此处指干眼症，提到干眼症的影响，所以空处应该讲述干眼症的发生的条件是什么。由此可知，C选项“当你没有产生足够的眼泪时，就会发生这种情况。”能够承上启下，讲述了干眼症发生的条件。故选C。
【31题详解】
上文“Dry eye ften results frm veruse f cmputers r smartphnes, which causes the user t blink (眨眼) less. (眼睛干涩常常是由于过度使用电脑或智能手机造成的，这会导致使用者眨眼次数减少)”讲述了干眼症产生的一个原因。下文“Finally, wearing a medical mask can cause dry eye(最后，戴医用口罩会导致眼睛干涩)”提到了眼睛干涩的另一个原因，所以空处应该是承接上文，同样讲述眼睛干涩的原因。由此可知，D选项“空调和风扇也会导致眼睛干涩”能够承上启下，讲述了室内空调和风扇是产生眼睛干涩的原因，与下文“As a result, thse wh spend a lt f time indrs are particularly at risk. (因此，那些长时间呆在室内的人尤其危险)”构成了客观上的因果关系。故选D。
【32题详解】
下文“The first step tward preventin is cleanliness. (预防的第一步是清洁)”提到了解决眼睛干涩的办法。因而，空处应是总结说明解决眼睛干涩的方法就是生活方式的改变。由此可知，G选项“所有需要的是一些生活方式的改变，以防止和治疗干眼综合症。”能够衔接下文，说明了生活方式的改变可以防止和治疗干眼综合症，为下文提出解决方式做了铺垫。故选G。
【33题详解】
上文“While yu’re n a cmputer break, fcus n blinking, making sure that yu clse yur eyes fully n each blink. (当你在用电脑休息的时候，集中注意力眨眼，确保每次眨眼的时候都完全闭上眼睛)”提到了看屏幕过久，休息时要集中注意力眨眼。因而空处应承接上文，讲述眨眼的意义是什么。由此可知，B选项“眨眼有助于保护眼睛表面。”提到了眨眼的好处，符合题意。故选B。
【34题详解】
空处作为段落的末句，理应作总结性表达。根据上文“If yu suffer frm dry eye syndrme, these steps can g a lng way tward making yur eyes feel better. Hwever, if the prblem desn’t g away, then it’s time t see a dctr. (如果你患有干眼症，这些步骤可以让你的眼睛感觉更好。然而，如果问题没有解决，那么是时候去看医生了)”可知，空处承接前文，讲述看医生可以保证我们的健康，即我们的健康是值得关注的。由此可知，A选项“毕竟，你的健康状况值得关注。”符合题意。故选A。
第三部分(共三节，共47分)
第一节 选词填空(共15小题;每小题1分，共15分)
A
请用方框中的单词完成句子。
35. Sugar is a ______ cause f tthache.
36. The by was in tears and ______ very upset.
37. These sprts ______ bth speed and strength.
38. The lady was trying t ______ her sn frm the fire.
39. We must develp a ______ t deal with the prblem.
【答案】35. majr
36. bviusly
37. demand 38. rescue
39. strategy
【解析】
【35题详解】
考查形容词。句意：糖是牙痛的一个主要原因。根据句意和句子结构，设空处应填形容词majr，意为“重大的，主要的”，作前置定语。故填majr。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：男孩哭了，显然很难过。根据句意和句子结构，设空处应填副词bviusly，意为“显然，显而易见”，作状语。故填bviusly。
【37题详解】
考查动词。句意：这些运动既要求速度又要求力量。根据句意和句子结构，设空处应填动词demand，意为“需要，需求”，作谓语动词；陈述客观事实，谓语动词用一般现在时，主语These sprts为复数，谓语动词用原形。故填demand。
【38题详解】
考查动词。句意：那位女士正试图从火中救出她的儿子。根据句意和句子结构，设空处应填动词rescue，意为“营救，援救”，此处考查动词短语try t d sth，空前有t，故设空处应用动词原形。故填rescue。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：我们必须制定一个策略来处理这个问题。根据句意和句子结构，设空处应填单数名词strategy，意为“策略，行动计划”，作宾语。故填strategy。
B
请用方框中的短语完成句子。
40. Mike is ______ cmputer games.
41. After the earthquake, the whle city was ______.
42. We are really ______ seeing yu again.
43. Students are encuraged t ______ their wn learning.
44. Kate is planning t g t Iceland fr hliday. She will ______ a visa sn.
【答案】40. addicted t
41. in ruins
42. lking frward t
43. take cntrl f
44. apply fr
【解析】
【40题详解】
考查形容词短语。句意：迈克沉迷于电脑游戏。根据句意可知，空处应用addicted t，be addicted t sth.为固定短语，表示“沉迷于某物”，符合题意。故填addicted t。
41题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：地震后，整个城市都成了废墟。根据句意以及常识可知，地震后，城市成为废墟，空处应用短语in ruins，表示“成为废墟”，作句子表语。故填in ruins。
【42题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：我们真地很期待再次见到你。根据句意可知，空处应用短语lking frward t，表示“期待”，动词lking与空前的are构成现在进行时，符合题意。故填lking frward t。
【43题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：学生们被鼓励自主学习。根据句意可知，空处应用短语take cntrl f，表示“控制”，不定式符号t后接动词原形形式。故填take cntrl f。
【44题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：凯特计划去冰岛度假。她将很快申请签证。根据句意以及常识可知，空处应用短语apply fr，表示“申请”，will后接动词原形形式，构成一般将来时，符合题意。故填apply fr。
C
请用方框中单词的正确形式完成句子。
45. Have yu made all yur travel ______?
46. Tw players are ut f the team because f ______.
47. That ______ inventr designed a new kind f machine.
48. I felt I was ding well and my ______ began t grw.
49. An athlete shuld have a ______ bdy and a strng mind.
【答案】45. arranged
46. injury 47. creative
48. cnfidence
49. pwerful
【解析】
【45题详解】
考查动词。句意：你安排好你的旅程了吗？这里是考查动词make的用法，根据句意，这里是说安排旅程，故选arrange。句中的travel和arrange之间是被动关系，即make sth. dne“使某事被做”，arrange用过去分词形式。故填arranged。
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：两名运动员因为受伤退出了比赛。because f后面接名词，因为f是个介词，后面需要接名词构成介宾结构，根据句意，这里是说由于受伤退出，故选injure，injure的名词形式为injury。故填injury。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。句意：那个富有创造力的发明家设计出了一款新型机器。根据句意以及句子成分分析，横线上缺少形容词，create的形容词creative符合题意。故填creative。
【48题详解】
考查名词。句意：我感觉到我做的很好，我的信心开始增长。根据前面的ding well可知，后面是说更有自信，故选cnfident。根据句子成分分析，my后面需填名词。故填cnfidence。
【49题详解】
考查形容词。句意：运动员应该有强健的体魄和坚强的意志。根据后面的strng mind可知，前面说的是强有力的身体，故选pwer。横线上的词修饰bdy，需填形容词形式。故填pwerful。
第二节 阅读表达(共4小题;第50、51题各2分，第52题3分，第53题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
We are all faced with challenges in ur lives. Mst peple have a hard time accepting and dealing with them. The truth is that yu will have t deal with difficult prblems thrughut yur life. Here are sme tips n hw t deal with everyday challenges.
1. Dn’t cmpare yur lifestyle with thers. It is really difficult nt t cmpare urselves with thers; hwever, the mre ften we d that, the mre dissatisfied we will feel. There will be peple that may have accmplished mre than yu. The key thing t remember is that yu create yur wn stry and success in life.
2. Dn’t blame thers. Many peple make a habit f blaming thers fr all their prblems. They fail t take full respnsibility fr the decisins they have made in life. The mre yu blame thers fr the challenges yu are faced with, the mre yu will make peple dislike yu and nt want t be arund yu. The first thing yu want t d when faced with a persnal challenge is nt t start pinting fingers at thers.
3. Accept changes in yur life. Yu will have t deal with changes in life all the time. Many peple dn’t like change because it gets them utside f their cmfrt zne. Yu may be unhappy r happy at certain times; hwever, yu have t realize that thse tw feelings will nt last frever. Yu have t always train yur mind t be at peace despite the emtinal state yu are experiencing.
4. Dn’t think t much. When yu think t much abut an event that happened, yu will start t judge everything and everyne. When yu think t much, yu will have a very hard time accepting reality and yu will think that smething is nt right. Thinking t much can als lead yu nt t take actin n yur gal. This can make yu really sad in the lng run.
Life is full f its ups and dwns. With the right mindset and practice, yu will be able t vercme them every time and grw in the prcess!
50. What is the key thing t remember if yu want t stp cmparing yur lifestyle with thers?
______________________________________________________
51. What will happen if yu blame thers fr the challenges yu are faced with?
______________________________________________________
52. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
• Yu will feel sad because thinking t much makes yu refuse t accept reality.
______________________________________________________
53. What are the ther ways t deal with challenges in yur life? (In abut 40 wrds)
______________________________________________________
【答案】50. The key thing t remember is that yu create yur wn stry and success in life.
51. Yu will make peple dislike yu and nt want t be arund yu.
52. Yu will feel sad because thinking t much makes yu refuse t accept reality.
Yu will feel sad because thinking t much can als lead yu nt t take actin n yur gal. Because this can make yu really sad in the lng run.
53. When I face challenge, firstly, I try t keep calm s I have enugh time and energy t think. Then I encurage myself t take actin. Finally, I may cperate with thers because teamwrk is full f pwer.
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。生活中充满挑战，文章介绍了面对挑战的四种方法。
【50题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第二段中最后一句话“The key thing t remember is that yu create yur wn stry and success in life.”(关键是要记住，你要创造自己的人生故事和成功。) 可知，重要的是，你要创造自己的人生故事和成功。故答案为The key thing t remember is that yu create yur wn stry and success in life.
【51题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“The mre yu blame thers fr the challenges yu are faced with, the mre yu will make peple dislike yu and nt want t be arund yu. ”(你越是把自己面临的挑战归咎于别人，就越会让别人不喜欢你，不想和你在一起。) 可知，当你责备别人的时候，别人就会不喜欢你，不想和你在一起。故答案为Yu will make peple dislike yu and nt want t be arund yu.
【52题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章倒数第二段“Thinking t much can als lead yu nt t take actin n yur gal. This can make yu really sad in the lng run.”(想太多也会导致你不为你的目标采取行动。从长远来看，这会让你很伤心。) 可知，想得太多会使自己不为你的目标采取行动，并从长远来看会使你不开心。故答案为Yu will feel sad because thinking t much makes yu refuse t accept reality. Yu will feel sad because thinking t much can als lead yu nt t take actin n yur gal. Because this can make yu really sad in the lng run.
【53题详解】
开放性试题。每个人都会有自己的方法。参考答案可以是面对困难，首先要保持冷静，其次激励自己；然后与他人合作，找到解决问题的办法。故答案为When I face challenge, firstly, I try t keep calm s I have enugh time and energy t think. Then I encurage myself t take actin. Finally, I may cperate with thers because teamwrk is full f pwer.
第三节(20分)
54. 假如你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国好友Jim发来邮件，表示他对自己的形象不满，因此感到十分烦恼。请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1.表示理解；
2.提出建议。
注意：1.词数100左右;
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词：形象、外貌lk
Dear Jim,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
I’ m srry t hear that yu are upset abut yur image. I culd understand such kind f feeling as it nce happened t me. Nw, I’m writing t give yu sme advice t help yu get rid f the truble.
First f all, yu shuld build up yur self-cnfidence. Only when yu are cnfident will yu vercme the fear f yur lk. Secnd, yu shld keep it in mind that ne’s beauty lies in his spirit ther than appearance utside. What really matters is having a psitive value. Last but nt the least, yu’d better make the mst f yur gifts s as t imprve and make up fr yur weaknesses, which as a result will prmte yur self-cnfidence.
Hpefully, my advice will be f great benefit t yu. Lking frward t yur gd news.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给英国好友Jim写一封电子邮件，向他提出克服对个人形象不满意的建议。
详解】1. 词汇积累
了解：hear → learn
情感，情绪：feeling → emtin
发生：happen → ccur
建议：advice → suggestins
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Nw, I’m writing t give yu sme advice t help yu get rid f the truble.
拓展句：Nw, I’m writing t give yu sme advice, which can help yu get rid f the truble.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Only when yu are cnfident will yu vercme the fear f yur lk.(运用了倒装句)
【高分句型2】What really matters is having a psitive value.(运用了主语从句和动名词短语作表语)
strategy demand majr rescue bviusly
addicted t apply fr lking frward t in ruins take cntrl f
injure arrange cnfident pwer create