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这是一份2023-2024学年广东省南粤名校联考高三上学期9月月考英语试题含答案，文件包含广东省南粤名校联考2023-2024学年高三上学期9月月考英语试题原卷版docx、广东省南粤名校联考2023-2024学年高三上学期9月月考英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共40页， 欢迎下载使用。
2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3．非选择题必须用黑色笔迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将试题与答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A，B，C，D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Bike Rental & Guided Turs
Are yu lking fr a fun and ec-friendly way t explre the city? Lk n further than Bike Rental & Guided Turs! We ffer bike rentals and guided turs fr individuals and grups f all ages.
Bike Rentals:
Our bike rental service is perfect fr thse wh want t explre the city at their wn pace. We have a wide range f bikes available, including muntain bikes, city bikes, and electric bikes. All f ur bikes are well-maintained and equipped with safety features such as lights and helmets.
Guided Turs:
Our knwledgeable and friendly tur guides will take yu t share interesting facts and stries alng the way. Yu can chse frm a variety f themed turs such as the Histrical Landmarks Tur, the Cultural Heritage Tur, r the Fd and Market Tur. Our guided turs are nt nly educatinal but als a great way t meet fellw travelers and make new friends.
Bking Infrmatin:
T rent a bike r jin a guided tur, simply visit ur website r give us a call. We recmmend bking in advance, especially during peak turist seasns. Our staff will assist yu in chsing the right bike r tur package based n yur preferences and needs. We als ffer special discunts fr students and grup bkings.
Safety First:
At Bike Rental & Guided Turs, yur safety is ur tp pririty. We prvide safety instructins and guidelines befre each rental r tur. It is imprtant t fllw traffic rules and wear prtective gear while riding. Our guides are trained in first aid and will be there t assist yu in case f any emergencies.
S why wait? Grab a bike r jin a guided tur. Get ready fr an unfrgettable adventure in a whle new way.
1. Wh is the passage intended fr?
A. Peple wh want t explre the city in an envirnment-friendly way.
B. Peple wh want t explre the city at a fast pace.
C. Peple wh are very familiar with the city.
D. Peple wh are nt gd at riding bicycles.
2. Hw can yu bk a bike rental r guided tur?
A. By visiting their ffice r sending them an email.
B. By visiting their website r giving them a call.
C. By visiting their website r sending them an email.
D. By visiting their ffice r giving them a call.
3. What is Bike Rental & Guided Turs’ tp pririty?
A. Making mney.
B. Prviding quality service.
C. Prviding safety instructins and guidelines.
D. Prviding discunts fr students and grup bkings.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。一家提供自行车租赁和导览服务的公司介绍了自己的服务内容、预定方法和安全指导等信息。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Are yu lking fr a fun and ec-friendly way t explre the city? Lk n further than Bike Rental & Guided Turs! We ffer bike rentals and guided turs fr individuals and grups f all ages. (你正在寻找一种有趣又环保的方式来探索这座城市吗？自行车租赁和导览服务是不二之选！我们为所有年龄段的个人和团体提供自行车租赁和导游服务。)”可推知，这篇文章面向的是想要以环保的方式探索城市的人们。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Bking Infrmatin部分中“T rent a bike r jin a guided tur, simply visit ur website r give us a call. (租用自行车或参加导游，只需访问我们的网站或给我们打电话。)”可知，通过访问网站或打电话，你可以预订自行车租赁或导览服务。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Safety First部分中“At Bike Rental & Guided Turs, yur safety is ur tp pririty. We prvide safety instructins and guidelines befre each rental r tur. (在Bike Rental & Guided Turs您的安全是我们的首要任务。我们在每次租赁或游览前提供安全说明和指南。)”可知，Bike Rental & Guided Turs的首要任务是提供安全说明和指南。故选C项。
B
When Sarah Lee was a child, she lved t watch the birds in her backyard and wnder hw they culd fly s effrtlessly. As she grew lder, Sarah became interested in the science behind flight and decided t study aerspace engineering in cllege.
After graduatin, Sarah began wrking fr a cmpany that designed airplanes. Hwever, she sn realized that the traditinal methds f airplane design were nt always efficient r sustainable. She began t wnder if there was a way t design airplanes that mimicked the natural wrld.
Sarah started t study birds and insects, bserving hw they were able t fly with such grace and efficiency. She asked questins like: Hw d birds adjust their wings t different wind cnditins? Hw d insects use their wings t hver in place?
With this knwledge, Sarah began t design airplanes that incrprated bimimicry, r the imitatin f nature. She created wings that culd adjust their shape based n wind cnditins, just like a bird’s wings. She als designed planes that culd hver in place, like a dragnfly.
Sarah’s designs were a hit. Her cmpany began t prduce airplanes that were mre efficient and sustainable than ever befre. They used less fuel and emitted fewer pllutants int the air.
Sarah nw travels arund the wrld, giving talks n the benefits f bimimicry in engineering. “Nature has been slving prblems fr millins f years,” she says. “We can learn a lt frm the natural wrld if we just take the time t bserve and ask questins.”
4. What made Sarah Lee’s interest in aerspace engineering?
A. Her fascinatin with airplanes.
B. Her desire t study flight science.
C. Her childhd dream f becming a pilt.
D. Her lve fr watching birds in her backyard.
5. What is ne example f bimimicry in Sarah’s airplane designs?
A. Wings that adjust their shape based n wind cnditins.
B. Engines that run n renewable energy surces.
C. Cckpits that mimic the structure f a bird’s nest.
D. Landing device that resembles insect legs.
6. Based n the article, what can be inferred abut Sarah Lee’s career gals?
A. She wants t becme a pilt.
B. She aspires t be an aerspace engineer.
C. She plans t study birds and insects.
D. She aims t design efficient airplanes.
7 What des the underlining wrd “mimicked” mean?
A. Vilated.B. Imitated.C. Resembled.D. Pretended.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了从小对飞行背后的科学感兴趣的Sarah在大学学习了航空航天工程，在从业后通过研究仿生学而设计出了高效的飞机的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“As she grew lder, Sarah became interested in the science behind flight and decided t study aerspace engineering in cllege. (随着年龄的增长，Sarah对飞行背后的科学产生了兴趣，并决定在大学里学习航空航天工程。)”可知，Sarah学习飞行科学的愿望让她萌生了对航空航天工程的兴趣。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“She created wings that culd adjust their shape based n wind cnditins, just like a bird’s wings. (她创造了可以根据风况调整形状的翅膀，就像鸟的翅膀一样。)”可知，Sarah的飞机设计中根据风况调整形状的机翼属于仿生学的应用。故选A项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Hwever, she sn realized that the traditinal methds f airplane design were nt always efficient r sustainable. (然而，她很快意识到，传统的飞机设计方法并不总是高效或可持续的。)”、第三段中“Sarah started t study birds and insects, bserving hw they were able t fly with such grace and efficiency. (Sarah开始研究鸟类和昆虫，观察它们是如何优雅而高效地飞行的。)”和第五段中“Her cmpany began t prduce airplanes that were mre efficient and sustainable than ever befre. (她的公司开始生产比以往任何时候都更高效和可持续的飞机。)”可知，Sarah一直专注于解决传统的设计方法无法设计出高效的飞机的问题，并通过研究仿生学解决了这一问题。由此可知，她的职业目标是设计出高效的飞机。故选D项。
【7题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段中“With this knwledge, Sarah began t design airplanes that incrprated bimimicry, r the imitatin f nature. (有了这些知识，Sarah开始设计结合了仿生学或模仿自然的飞机。)”可推知，Sarah一开始想设计出的是模仿自然世界的飞机。因此，mimicked与此处的imitatin的动词形式imitate意思相近，意为“模仿”。故选B项。
C
The annual cllege graduatin seasn is just drawing t a clse. As mst f this year’s graduates were brn in 2000 r 2001, they are the first f the “00’s generatin” t leave the campus and enter the wrkplace.
These graduates als have a secnd defining characteristic: three f their fur years f cllege life were dminated by the COVID-19 epidemic, s they stayed hme t take nline classes r were quarantined in their drmitries. Sme said they were surprised t have graduated withut having eaten in every ne f their schl’s canteens.
Thse factrs have left tw marks n them: a sense f security due t a favrable ecnmic envirnment and anxiety caused by the pandemic and increased jb cmpetitin. Zhang Xiajing, wh was brn in September 2000, graduated frm Beijing Jiatng University with a bachelr’s in Internet jurnalism. Like her peers, she is skilled in the use f a range f news sftware, self-media platfrms and scial media apps. The huge amunt f infrmatin flwing frm the Internet meant that even frm her earliest days at university she learned t think, be discerning and plan.
“My generatin is expsed t t much infrmatin, s when making future life chices, we need a strnger ability t chse frm infrmatin. If yu make a big life chice in a cnfused way, the risks are bigger than befre,” she said.
With a plan fr her future career in mind, she began an internship in the summer f her sphmre year. After trying five different cmpanies and units including iQiyi, Tencent and traditinal media she decided t undertake pstgraduate study.
“Schl is a very special perid when we can learn scial behavir and even make mistakes. We still have a lt f experience,” she said. “There is still much t experience and explre befre settling n a specific career path.” With this in mind, she valued taking the time t gain mre expsure and try different areas.
8. What is the defining characteristic f the “00’s generatin” cllege graduates?
A. Their ability t adapt t nline classes during the pandemic.
B. Their prficiency in varius news sftware and scial media apps.
C. Their sense f security due t a favrable ecnmic envirnment.
D. Their anxiety caused by increased jb cmpetitin.
9. What did Zhang Xiajing emphasize regarding decisin-making?
A. The need fr critical thinking and explratin.
B. The imprtance f gaining expsure and trying different areas.
C. The risks assciated with making cnfused life chices.
D. The value f infrmed decisin-making t avid unnecessary risks.
10. What influenced Zhang Xiajing’s decisin t pursue pstgraduate studies?
A. Her desire fr practical experience in varius industries.
B. The pprtunities fr persnal grwth during cllege.
C. The need t gain expsure and explre different areas.
D. The cnsideratin f different career paths thrugh internships.
11. What is the main message cnveyed by Zhang Xiajing’s experiences?
A. The imprtance f gaining practical experience thrugh internships.
B. The need fr infrmed decisin-making in the face f verwhelming infrmatin.
C. The value f taking time t explre different areas befre settling n a career path.
D. The challenges faced by the “00’s generatin” due t the COVID-19 pandemic.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了第一批“00后”毕业生离开校园进入职场，并分享了其中一位毕业生张晓静有关人生决策的经历。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“These graduates als have a secnd defining characteristic: three f their fur years f cllege life were dminated by the COVID-19 epidemic, s they stayed hme t take nline classes r were quarantined in their drmitries. (这些毕业生还有第二个决定性特征：在他们四年的大学生活中，有三年被新冠肺炎疫情所主导，所以他们呆在家里参加在线课程，或者被隔离在宿舍里。)”可知，这些00后的学生的决定性特征是在疫情期间适应了在线课程。故选A项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中她所说的话“My generatin is expsed t t much infrmatin, s when making future life chices, we need a strnger ability t chse frm infrmatin. If yu make a big life chice in a cnfused way, the risks are bigger than befre (我们这一代人接触的信息太多了，所以在未来的生活选择中，我们需要更强的信息选择能力。如果你以一种混乱的方式做出重大的人生选择，风险就会比以前更大)”可知，她认为他们这一代人做生活选择时要有更强的信息选择能力，否则会有更大的风险。由此可知，关于做决定她强调的是明智地决策，以避免不必要的风险。故选D项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“With a plan fr her future career in mind, she began an internship in the summer f her sphmre year. After trying five different cmpanies and units including iQiyi, Tencent and traditinal media she decided t undertake pstgraduate study. (带着对未来职业的规划，她在大二的夏天开始了实习。在尝试了爱奇艺、腾讯和传统媒体等五家不同的公司和单位后，她决定攻读研究生。)”可知，通过实习对不同职业道路的思考让她决定攻读研究生。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据她主要的经历，并结合最后一段中““There is still much t experience and explre befre settling n a specific career path.” With this in mind, she valued taking the time t gain mre expsure and try different areas. (“在确定具体的职业道路之前，还有很多事情需要经历和探索。”考虑到这一点，她重视花时间获得更多的接触和尝试不同的领域。)”可推知，她的经历表明了在确定职业道路之前，花时间探索不同领域的价值。故选C项。
D
Recent research reveals that the adptin f generative artificial intelligence (AI) by cmpanies in the US has a disprprtinate impact n wmen. Accrding t a recent analysis, apprximately 79% f the jbs lst t AI were held by wmen. This difference can be due t several factrs.
Wmen are mre likely t wrk in industries that are highly be influenced by autmatin, such as retail, hspitality, and administrative supprt. These sectrs ften invlve repetitive tasks that can be easily autmated by AI technlgies. Cnsequently, wmen emplyed in these industries face a higher risk f jb displacement.
Gender biases in AI algrithms (运算法则) can wrsen the situatin fr wmen. AI systems are trained n histrical data, which may reflect existing gender biases in hiring and prmtin practices. This can result in biased decisin-making during recruitment and perfrmance evaluatins, putting wmen at a disadvantage in the wrkplace.
The lack f diversity in the develpment f AI technlgies cntributes t the gender difference. The underrepresentatin (代表名额不足) f wmen in the field f AI means that their perspectives and experiences are nt adequately cnsidered during the design and develpment prcess. As a result, AI systems may nt fully understand r cater t the needs f wmen, cntinuusly leading t gender inequalities.
T address these challenges, it is crucial t priritize diversity and inclusin in the develpment and deplyment f AI technlgies. This invlves increasing the representatin f wmen in AI-related fields and ensuring diverse perspectives are cnsidered during the design and testing phases. Additinally, cmpanies shuld actively wrk twards eliminating gender biases in AI algrithms and regularly assess their impact n different demgraphic grups.
In cnclusin, althugh men currently dminate the labr market, wmen bear a disprprtinate burden due t the adptin f generative AI. The cmbinatin f industry cmpsitin, gender biases in algrithms, and lack f diversity in AI develpment cntribute t this disparity. T relieve these effects, it is essential t priritize diversity and inclusin in AI develpment and address gender biases in algrithms. Only thrugh these effrts can we ensure that the benefits f AI are distributed equitably amng all individuals, regardless f gender.
12. Why are wmen in the US wrkfrce mre influenced by the adptin f generative AI than men?
A. Wmen are less adaptable t technlgical changes.
B. Wmen have a lwer level f educatin cmpared t men.
C. Wmen are generally less skilled in technlgy and AI-related fields.
D. Wmen are mre likely t wrk in industries that are highly autmatable.
13. Which f the fllwing strategies can reduce the ptential negative impact n wmen?
A. Increasing gender prprtin in AI develpment teams.
B. Prviding targeted training and prgrams fr wmen and giving them mre chances in AI-related fields.
C. Encuraging wmen t pursue careers in nn-autmatable industries.
D. Offering financial supprts t cmpanies that priritize gender diversity in AI prgrammes.
14. Why is it imprtant t priritize diversity and inclusin in AI develpment?
A. It ensures equal pprtunities fr wmen in the wrkfrce.
B. It prmtes innvatin and creativity in AI slutins.
C. It reduces the risk f biased algrithms that perpetuate gender inequalities.
D. It imprves the verall perfrmance and effectiveness f AI systems.
15. What is the main idea f the article?
A. The impact f AI n jb lsses in the US.
B. The rle f wmen in AI-related fields.
C. Gender biases in AI algrithms and their effects n wmen.
D. Slutins t address challenges faced by wmen due t generative AI.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了生成式人工智能对从业的女性造成了更大的负面影响，行业构成、算法中的性别偏见以及人工智能开发缺乏多样性等因素共同导致了这一问题。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Wmen are mre likely t wrk in industries that are highly be influenced by autmatin, such as retail, hspitality, and administrative supprt. (女性更有可能在受自动化影响较大的行业工作，如零售、酒店和行政支持。)”和“Cnsequently, wmen emplyed in these industries face a higher risk f jb displacement. (因此，在这些行业就业的女性面临更高的失业风险。)”可知，美国劳动力中的女性比男性更容易受到采用生成式人工智能的影响是因为女性更有可能在高度自动化的行业工作。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“This invlves increasing the representatin f wmen in AI-related fields (这包括增加女性在人工智能相关领域的代表性)”可知，为女性提供有针对性的培训和项目，让女性在人工智能相关领域有更多的机会，可以帮助她们减少潜在的负面影响。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“As a result, AI systems may nt fully understand r cater t the needs f wmen, cntinuusly leading t gender inequalities. (因此，人工智能系统可能无法完全理解或满足女性的需求，从而不断导致性别不平等。)”和最后一段中“T relieve these effects, it is essential t priritize diversity and inclusin in AI develpment and address gender biases in algrithms. Only thrugh these effrts can we ensure that the benefits f AI are distributed equitably amng all individuals, regardless f gender. (为了减轻这些影响，必须在人工智能开发中优先考虑多样性和包容性，并解决算法中的性别偏见。)”可推知，在人工智能开发中优先考虑多样性和包容性很重要，因为这样可以降低使性别不平等永久化的有偏见算法的风险。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了生成式人工智能对从业的女性造成了更大的负面影响，并从行业构成、算法中的性别偏见以及人工智能开发缺乏多样性三个方面分析了这一问题产生的原因，着重分析了算法方面的因素和解决方法。因此，C项“人工智能算法中的性别偏见及其对女性的影响”符合文章大意。故选C项。
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hme gardens prduce delicius fd.But that’s nt their main virtue.
Imagine a plate hlding tw strawberries, identical in appearance. One came ut f a super-market bx, prbably harvested unripe. ____16____The ther was picked frm a garden minutes befre being eaten. The first ne will prbably taste like a slightly sur grape while the secnd is likely t be sweet and rich in flavur.
Supermarket strawberries are nt entirely withut advantages. They are cnvenient and available in the nrthern glbe even in February. But the tw berries differ frm each ther in the same way that hearing Beethven’s Mnlight Snata in a cncert hall differs frm listening t it n an ld tape.____17____
Other peple, hwever, believe gardening a waste f time. But the same culd be said f cking. There are cheap and decent restaurants arund, s why bther t make yur wn meals? ____18____They mistake the prduct fr the purpse.
Actually, a garden, especially in the early years, can prduce little but frustratin(挫败感). New gardeners may plant the wrng crps fr their sil. Rabbits have an annying habit f taking single bites f vegetable, then leaving the rest t g bad.____19____ N matter. The real jy f gardening is the time spent ding it. The deepest pleasure — as with cking, writing, bringing up children r almst anything wrthwhile — is in the wrk itself.A gardener’s memries revlve nt arund the fd prduced, but arund lng afternns with hands in the dirt.
____20____
A. N ne can ever avid this hard stage.
B. S why dn’t we start hme gardening fr delicius fd?
C This might explain why many peple desire a hme garden.
D. These peple misunderstand the ultimate appeal f gardening.
E. By the time it reached the plate it may have been ff the plant fr days.
F. T garden is t patiently and lvingly help life grw, in the grund and abve it.
G. And even expert gardeners can lse a seasn’s harvest t uncperative weather.
【答案】16. E 17. C 18. D 19. G 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要阐述了园艺的真正乐趣。
【16题详解】
上文“One came ut f a supermarket bx, prbably harvested unripe.(一个来自从超市的箱子，可能是未成熟的收获)”和下文的“The ther was picked frm a garden minutes befre being eaten. ”说明这颗草莓在未成熟时就摘下来了，推断出这颗草莓等待了好几天在成熟后才能装入盘子进行食用，E项“当它被放到盘子里的时候，它可能已经离开植物几天了”，承接上下文，符合语境。故选E项。
【17题详解】
上文“But the tw berries differ frm each ther in the same way that hearing Beethven’s Mnlight Snata in a cncert hall differs frm listening t it n a ld tape.(但这两种浆果彼此不同，就像在音乐厅听贝多芬的《月光奏鸣曲》不同于用旧录音带听一样)”可知，这里讲述了家庭花园的优点。C项“这或许可以解释为什么许多人渴望拥有一个家庭花园”和上文构成因果关系，是对上文内容的承接。故选C项。
【18题详解】
上文“Other peple, hwever, believe gardening a waste f time. But the same culd be said f cking. There are cheap and decent restaurants arund, s why bther t make yur wn meals?(然而，其他人认为园艺是浪费时间。但烹饪也是如此。周围有便宜又体面的餐馆，所以为什么要自己做饭呢?)”及下文“They mistake the prduct fr the purpse.(他们错误地将产品用于目的)”可知人们对园艺是存在误解的，D项“这些人们误解了园艺的终极魅力”， 承上启下，符合语境。故选D项。
【19题详解】
上文“Actually, a garden, especially in the early years, can prduce little but frustratin(挫败感). (确实，一个园子尤其是在早些年的时候，产出很少而且会有挫败感）”，G项 “即使是专业的园也会因为不配合的天气而损失一季的收成”是对上文产出少这个内容的举例说明。故选G项。
【20题详解】
上文“The deepest pleasure-as with cking, writing,bringing up children r almst anything wrthwhile-is in the wrk itself. A gardener’s memries revlve nt arund the fd prduced, but arund lng afternns with hands in the dirt.(最深层的乐趣——就像烹饪、 写作、抚养孩子或任何有意义的事情一样——在于做这件事本身。园丁的记忆不是围绕着生产的食物，而是围绕着长时间的下午，双手沾满泥土)”可知，这里讲述了做园艺活的乐趣，F项“做园艺活就是耐心地和爱护地帮助那些地上和地下的生命茁壮成长”是对做园艺这件事情意义的升华，是对上文内容的承接。故选F项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On a lng trip t Brisbane we stpped int a service statin in Kilcy fr a bathrm break and sme fuel. We went int the shp t the bathrm first and then the ____21____ t pay. My sn was a little eccentric (搞怪的) and life lving, s as he usually did. He was dancing as he walked, twirling (扭动) his hips and ____22____ t his wn mves. Since I was ttally ____23____ t his mves, it didn’t ____24____ my mind at all until the yung gentleman wrking behind the cunter ____25____ his “brilliant dance rutine”.
He tld my sn that he lved his mves and it was a ____26____ t see him cme int his shp. My by felt s ____27____ with himself that he cntinued t dance arund gently as I paid and ____28____ the gentleman fr his kind remarks. As we went t leave, the gentleman gave my by a lllipp (棒棒糖) as a____29____. I was abslutely blwn away by his kindness. It might be _____30_____, but t us it wasn’t.
Nt many peple _____31_____ the time ut f their days t talk t children. Hwever, the yung gentleman was mre than _____32_____ and happy t have a chat. My sn felt imprtant and _____33_____ lved his treat. I als persnally really appreciated his kind _____34_____. As a parent n a lng drive with small kids, it is these small acts that will _____35_____r break ur day.
21. A. cmpanyB. cunterC. apartmentD. hall
22. A. tendingB. pintingC. singingD. adapting
23. A. usedB. addictedC. devtedD. ppsed
24. A. clearB. changeC. readD. crss
25. A. expanded nB. cncentrated nC. cmmented nD. insisted n
26. A. mistakeB. delightC. pityD. cmfrt
27. A. frustratedB. pleasedC. annyedD. tired
28. A. thankedB. acceptedC. invitedD. assisted
29. A. prizeB. treasureC. treatD. pleasure
30. A. tughB. significantC. typicalD. small
31. A. takeB. drawC. wasteD. use
32. A. utgingB. willingC. ptimisticD. energetic
33. A. hpefullyB. slightlyC. curiuslyD. bviusly
34. A. gestureB. attitudeC. thughtD. determinatin
35. A. helpB. buildC. makeD. ruin
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文介绍了作者一家在旅行途中的服务站结账时，作者儿子看似搞怪的舞步得到一位陌生小伙的赞许，因而作者心存感谢的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们先进商店去洗手间，然后到柜台付款。A. cmpany公司；B. cunter柜台；C. apartment公寓；D. hall大厅。由上文的“On a lng trip t Brisbane we stpped int a service statin in Kilcy fr a bathrm break and sme fuel.”可知，作者一家去服务站上洗手间以及加油，支付费用应该去了柜台。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他一边走一边跳舞，扭动着臀部，随着自己的动作唱歌。A. tending倾向；B. pinting指向；C. singing唱歌；D. adapting适应。由上文的“He was dancing as he walked, twirling (扭动) his hips”可知，作者儿子当时应该是一遍迈着舞步，一遍随着舞步哼唱，singing t 意为“随着……歌唱”，符合语境。tending t 意为“照料；倾向于”，pinting t 意为“指向……”，adapting t 意为“适应”。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于我已经完全习惯了他的动作，直到柜台后面工作的年轻绅士评论他的“精彩的舞蹈套路”时，我才意识到这一点。A. used用过的、习惯于；B. addicted上瘾的；C. devted忠诚的；D. ppsed强烈反对的。由上文的“s as he usually did. He was dancing as he walked”可知，作者已完全习惯了儿子手舞足蹈歌唱的模样，be used t意为“习惯了……”，符合语境。be addicted t 意为“对……上瘾的”，be devted t意为“献身于……”，be ppsed t 意为“反对……”。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于我已经完全习惯了他的动作，直到柜台后面工作的年轻绅士评论他的“精彩的舞蹈套路”时，我才意识到这一点。A. clear清理；B. change改变；C. read阅读；D. crss穿越。由上文的“Since I was ttally ____3____ t his mves”可知，作者压根没想过儿子的舞步有多么好，crss ne’s mind 意为“脑海中闪过……念头”，直到听到柜台后面工作的年轻绅士对儿子舞步的评论，作者才脑海中闪过儿子舞步好的念头。clear ne’s mind 意为“使头脑清醒”，change ne’s mind 意为“改变主意”，read ne’s mind 意为“理解某人的想法”。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于我已经完全习惯了他的动作，直到柜台后面工作的年轻绅士评论他的“精彩的舞蹈套路”时，我才意识到这一点。A. expanded n详谈；B. cncentrated n专心于；C. cmmented n评价；D. insisted n坚持。由下文的“brilliant dance rutine”和“He tld my sn that he lved his mves”可知，一位小伙子对作者儿子的舞姿做出了评价，呼应下文“his kind remarks”。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我的儿子，他喜欢他的动作，看到他走进他的商店是一件很高兴的事。A. mistake错误；B. delight高兴；C. pity可怜；D. cmfrt安慰。由上文的“He tld my sn that he lved his mves”可知，小伙子对作者儿子的舞蹈动作非常喜欢，见到他很高兴。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的儿子对自己感到非常满意，于是在我付钱并感谢这位先生的好评论时，他继续轻轻地跳舞。A. frustrated沮丧的；B. pleased满意的；C. annyed恼怒的；D. tired疲倦的。由上下文可知，作者儿子听了小伙子的赞美后，对自己非常满意，并继续跳着舞，be pleased with 意为“对……满意”，符合语境。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的儿子对自己感到非常满意，于是在我付钱并感谢这位先生的好评论时，他继续轻轻地跳舞。A. thanked感谢；B. accepted接受；C. invited邀请；D. assisted帮助。由上文可知，作者一边付钱一边感谢小伙子所说的话（对儿子舞步的赞美之词）。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们离开时，这位先生给了我儿子一根棒棒糖作为款待。A. prize奖品；B. treasure宝藏；C. treat款待、请客；D. pleasure高兴。由上文的“the gentleman gave my by a lllipp (棒棒糖)”可知，小伙子请作者儿子吃了个棒棒糖。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它可能很小，但对我们来说并不小。A. tugh艰难的；B. significant重要的；C. typical典型的；D. small小的。由上文的“the gentleman gave my by a lllipp (棒棒糖)”可知，小伙子请作者儿子吃了个棒棒糖，小伙子的善良可能很微小，但在我们看来确是极有分量的。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有多少人抽出时间和孩子们交谈。A. take拿；B. draw画；C. waste浪费；D. use使用。由上下文可知，作者认为很少人愿意花时间跟小孩子讲话。take the time意为“花费时间”，符合语境。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，这位年轻绅士非常愿意和高兴地聊一聊。A. utging外向的；B. willing愿意的；C. ptimistic积极的；D. energetic精力充沛的。由上文的“Nt many peple ____11____ the time ut f their days t talk t children.”讲没有多少人抽出时间和孩子们交谈和表转折的“Hwever”可知，很少人愿意花时间跟小孩子讲话，而这位年轻小伙愿意和孩子聊天。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我儿子觉得自己被看重，显然很喜欢他的款待。A. hpefully有希望地；B. slightly轻微地；C. curiusly好奇地；D. bviusly明显地。由上文的“My sn felt imprtant”可知，孩子很显然对这位年轻小伙请客很受用，很喜欢。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我个人也非常欣赏他的友好姿态。A. gesture姿态；B. attitude态度；C. thught想法；D. determinatin决心。由上文可知，作者对这位年轻小伙善意的举动很感激，kind gesture 意为“善意的举动”呼应上文的“his kindness”。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个带着孩子长途旅行的家长，正是这些小小的举动既可以让一天过得愉快，也可以让这一天过得糟糕。A. help帮助；B. build建立；C. make使得；D. ruin破坏。由全文及文章最后一句可知，对一位带着孩子进行长途旅行的家长来说，小小的行为既可以让一天过得愉快，也可以让这一天过得糟糕。make ne’s day 意为“使……过得开心”，符合语境。故选C项。
第二节 (共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Cld weather can be hard n pets, just like it can be hard n peple. Smetimes wners frget that their cats are just as used t the warm shelter ____36____ they are. Sme wners will leave their animals utside fr a lng perid f time, ____37____(think) that all animals are used t living utdrs. This can put their pets in danger f serius illness. There are things yu can d t keep yur animal warm and safe.
Keep yur pets inside as much as yu can when the weather is bad. If yu have t take them ut, stay utside with them. When yu’re cld enugh t g inside, they prbably are t. If yu must leave them utside fr a lng time, ___38___(make) sure they have a warm, slid shelter ____39____ the wind, thick bedding, and plenty f nn-frzen water.
If ____40____(leave) alne utside dgs and cats can be very smart in ____41____(they) search fr warm shelter. They can dig int snw banks r hide smewhere. Watch them ____42____(clse) when they are left utdrs, and prvide them with shelter f gd quality. Keep ____43____ eye n yur pet’s water. Smetimes wners dn’t realize that a water bwl ___44___(freeze) and their pet can’t get anything t drink. Animals that dn’t have clean and unfrzen water may drink dirty water utside,_____45_____ may cntain smething unhealthy fr them.
【答案】36. as 37. thinking
38. make 39. against
40. left 41. their
42. clsely
43. an 44. has frzen
45. which
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在寒冷的天气中如何照顾宠物。
【36题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：有时主人会忘记他们的猫和他们一样习惯了温暖的住所。此处表示“和……一样”，所以用同级比较，且该空之前已经出现are just as，点明了同级比较，所以用 as…as…。故填as。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：有些主人会把他们的动物放在外面很长一段时间，认为所有的动物都习惯在户外生活。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词will leave，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，Sme wners和think为逻辑主谓关系，需填现在分词形式。故填thinking。
【38题详解】
考查祈使句。句意：如果你必须把它们放在外面很长一段时间，确保它们有一个温暖的，坚固的挡风的地方，厚厚的被褥，和足够的不结冰的水。此处为祈使句，需用动词原形。故填make。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意同上。shelter 作名词时，意为“庇护，避难所，遮盖物”；作动词时，意为“保护；躲避”。在此句中由于其前有冠词和形容词修饰，所以此处为名词。shelter 之后接 against，该介词意为“防止，阻隔”。此处指“这个温暖、坚固的庇佑所”是可以“防止强风侵入的”。故填against。
【40题详解】
考查省略句。句意：如果狗和猫被单独放在外面，它们会非常聪明地寻找温暖的住所。If引导的条件状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，可以省略从句的主语和be动词，完整的从句是If they are left alne utside，省略了they are。故填left。
【41题详解】
考查代词。句意：同上。修饰名词search，需用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：当它们被放置在户外时，要密切观察，并为它们提供优质的庇护。修饰动词watch需用副词clsely，作状语。故填clsely。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：留意你宠物的饮水。keep an eye n为固定短语，意为“留意”。故填an。
【44题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：有时主人没有意识到水碗已经结冰了，他们的宠物找不到任何喝的东西。此处表示过去发生的事情对现在产生影响，使用现在完成时，主语为a water bwl，助动词用has。故填has frzen。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：没有干净和未冻的水的动物可能会喝外面的脏水，这些脏水可能含有对它们不健康的东西。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词dirty water，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分 15 分)
46. 假设你是李华，作为一名高中生，你对口语学习有着自己的见解。请你以“The Imprtance f Oral English Learning”为题，写一篇英语短文，谈谈你对口语学习的看法，并提出一些建议。
内容包括：
1．观点陈述，至少包括两个理由；
2．给出相应的建议。
注意：写作词数应为80个左右。
The Imprtance f Oral English Learning
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
The Imprtance f Oral English Learning
In my pinin, ral English learning is f great significance fr high schl students. Firstly, ral English skills are essential fr effective cmmunicatin. Withut gd ral English skills, we may find it difficult t express urselves clearly and understand thers in class discussins r scial interactins. Secndly, ral English learning can enhance ur cnfidence. We will feel mre cnfident when facing English-speaking situatins, such as jb interviews r internatinal exchanges.
T imprve ur ral English skills, I suggest the fllwing methds. Firstly, we can participate in English crners r language exchange activities t have cnversatins with native speakers r ther English learners, which will help us becme mre cmfrtable and fluent in speaking English. Secndly, we can imprve ur prnunciatin, vcabulary, and listening skills by immersing urselves in English language and culture.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。题目要求考生以“The Imprtance f Oral English Learning”为题写一篇英语短文，需陈述个人对口语学习的看法，并提出相应的提升口语水平的建议。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
在某人看来：in ne’s pinin→frm ne’s pint f view, frm ne’s perspective
必要的：essential→necessary, indispensable
困难的：difficult→hard, tugh
表达：express→cnvey
提高：imprve→sharpen, enhance
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Secndly, we can imprve ur prnunciatin, vcabulary, and listening skills by immersing urselves in English language and culture.
拓展句：Secndly, nly by immersing urselves in English language and culture can we imprve ur prnunciatin, vcabulary, and listening skills.
【点睛】[高分句型1] We will feel mre cnfident when facing English-speaking situatins, such as jb interviews r internatinal exchanges. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句的省略形式)
[高分句型2] Firstly, we can participate in English crners r language exchange activities t have cnversatins with native speakers r ther English learners, which will help us becme mre cmfrtable and fluent in speaking English. (运用了which引导的限制性定语从句)
第二节 (满分 25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Caught in a fld
Mary and her parents were dwnstairs in the living rm. Mary was lking thrugh the windws at the endless rain utside. It had been raining nn-stp fr three days. She had never seen a strm this bad. It was making her nervus. The wind rared and the rain beat n the rf and windws. Dad was listening t a weather reprt n the radi, while Mum was putting their imprtant dcuments and disaster supplies int a bag.
“Mum, Dad,” said Mary suddenly, “I think we shuld leave here right away!”
“N,” said Dad. “It’s t late: The radi says the city has already been flded.”
“We can drive ur car thrugh the fldwater. Let’s us leave! I’m really scared!” cried Mary. “We can’t d that, hney,” explained Mum, “therwise the mving water culd wash the car away!”
Mary walked t the dr. She was curius t see hw much water there was utside.
“Dn’t pen the dr!” shuted Mum and Dad at the same time. “The water may fld in!”
Dad mved the dinner table against the dr, in case the fldwater frced the dr pen. Mum waved t Mary t sit n the sfa. “Mary, dn’t wrry. Everything’s ging t be OK,” she said sftly, trying her best t cmfrt Mary. Her vice was calm, but Mary culd tell she was wrried t.
Withut saying a single wrd, Dad walked t the sfa, sat dwn and hugged his wife and daughter. The sudden silence in the huse seemed t make the wind and rain mre frightening utside. What culd they d?
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．续写部分分为两段，每段开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
All f a sudden, the fldwater frced the dr pen.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Being upstairs, they breathed a sigh f relief.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
Paragraph 1:
All f a sudden, the fldwater frced the dr pen. Shcked, frightened and extremely scared, Mary saw the fldwaters puring int the rm, leaving the dinner table upside dwn. She didn’t knw what t d, trembling, and turned t her mum fr help. An idea ccurred t Mum that they had t g upstairs, because they had n chice but t save themselves at that mment, and it wuld be f great danger t stay in place befre rescue came t them. Dad als rushed t the secnd flr withut hesitatin, nt frgetting t take the bag cntaining imprtant dcuments and disaster supplies.
Paragraph 2:
Being upstairs, they breathed a sigh f relief. Hwever, the fldwater had flded int the whle living rm dwnstairs. They were all nervus and scared t see the fldwater rise further. Frtunately, what relieved them a little was that they prepared enugh fd and water supplies in advance. The rain was still raining nn-stp. Mary and Mum became increasingly nervus while Dad kept giving them cmfrt and encuragement. Later, they learned frm the radi that the gvernment was rganizing rescue grups t save peple caught in their hme by bat. Thinking they wuld be saved, they culdn’t be mre excited. Until then, the easiness and warmth welled up in every crner f the rm, seeming t make the fldwater utside less frightening utside. It desn’t matter what yu did when yu were faced with tugh situatin, and what matters mst is that yu made a wise decisin and well prepared.
【解析】
【导语】本文以事件为线索展开，玛丽一家因为暴雨而被困在家，玛丽感到很紧张，而她的爸爸在听天气预报，妈妈在整理重要文件和救灾物资。玛丽想要赶紧离开，但是爸爸告诉她城市已被洪水淹没，来不及离开了。妈妈安慰了充满担心的玛丽，爸爸默默地拥抱了自己的妻子和女儿。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“突然，洪水把门冲开了。”可知，第一段可描写他们看到的可怕景象和害怕的心理，以及采取的紧急措施。
②由第二段首句内容“在楼上，他们松了一口气。”可知，第二段可描写洪水继续发展给他们带来的威胁，他们得知将得救后的宽慰，以及面对洪水困境的感悟。
2. 续写线索：洪水把门冲开——所见所感——采取紧急措施——松一口气——洪水继续发展——得知将得救——面对困境的感悟
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①看到：see/spt/ntice
②冲：rush/run/dash
③拿，带：take/grasp/get hld f
④给：give/ffer/prvide
情绪类
①震惊的：shcked/astnished/stunned
②害怕的：frightened/scared/terrified
③紧张的：nervus/anxius
【点睛】[高分句型1] An idea ccurred t Mum that they had t g upstairs, because they had n chice but t save themselves at that mment, and it wuld be f great danger t stay in place befre rescue came t them. (that引导同位语从句、because引导原因状语从句、befre引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] Frtunately, what relieved them a little was that they prepared enugh fd and water supplies in advance. (what引导主语从句、that引导表语从句)
[高分句型3] It desn’t matter what yu did when yu were faced with tugh situatin, and what matters mst is that yu made a wise decisin and well prepared. (what引导主语从句、when引导时间状语从句、that引导表语从句)
2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3．非选择题必须用黑色笔迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将试题与答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A，B，C，D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Bike Rental & Guided Turs
Are yu lking fr a fun and ec-friendly way t explre the city? Lk n further than Bike Rental & Guided Turs! We ffer bike rentals and guided turs fr individuals and grups f all ages.
Bike Rentals:
Our bike rental service is perfect fr thse wh want t explre the city at their wn pace. We have a wide range f bikes available, including muntain bikes, city bikes, and electric bikes. All f ur bikes are well-maintained and equipped with safety features such as lights and helmets.
Guided Turs:
Our knwledgeable and friendly tur guides will take yu t share interesting facts and stries alng the way. Yu can chse frm a variety f themed turs such as the Histrical Landmarks Tur, the Cultural Heritage Tur, r the Fd and Market Tur. Our guided turs are nt nly educatinal but als a great way t meet fellw travelers and make new friends.
Bking Infrmatin:
T rent a bike r jin a guided tur, simply visit ur website r give us a call. We recmmend bking in advance, especially during peak turist seasns. Our staff will assist yu in chsing the right bike r tur package based n yur preferences and needs. We als ffer special discunts fr students and grup bkings.
Safety First:
At Bike Rental & Guided Turs, yur safety is ur tp pririty. We prvide safety instructins and guidelines befre each rental r tur. It is imprtant t fllw traffic rules and wear prtective gear while riding. Our guides are trained in first aid and will be there t assist yu in case f any emergencies.
S why wait? Grab a bike r jin a guided tur. Get ready fr an unfrgettable adventure in a whle new way.
1. Wh is the passage intended fr?
A. Peple wh want t explre the city in an envirnment-friendly way.
B. Peple wh want t explre the city at a fast pace.
C. Peple wh are very familiar with the city.
D. Peple wh are nt gd at riding bicycles.
2. Hw can yu bk a bike rental r guided tur?
A. By visiting their ffice r sending them an email.
B. By visiting their website r giving them a call.
C. By visiting their website r sending them an email.
D. By visiting their ffice r giving them a call.
3. What is Bike Rental & Guided Turs’ tp pririty?
A. Making mney.
B. Prviding quality service.
C. Prviding safety instructins and guidelines.
D. Prviding discunts fr students and grup bkings.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。一家提供自行车租赁和导览服务的公司介绍了自己的服务内容、预定方法和安全指导等信息。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Are yu lking fr a fun and ec-friendly way t explre the city? Lk n further than Bike Rental & Guided Turs! We ffer bike rentals and guided turs fr individuals and grups f all ages. (你正在寻找一种有趣又环保的方式来探索这座城市吗？自行车租赁和导览服务是不二之选！我们为所有年龄段的个人和团体提供自行车租赁和导游服务。)”可推知，这篇文章面向的是想要以环保的方式探索城市的人们。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Bking Infrmatin部分中“T rent a bike r jin a guided tur, simply visit ur website r give us a call. (租用自行车或参加导游，只需访问我们的网站或给我们打电话。)”可知，通过访问网站或打电话，你可以预订自行车租赁或导览服务。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Safety First部分中“At Bike Rental & Guided Turs, yur safety is ur tp pririty. We prvide safety instructins and guidelines befre each rental r tur. (在Bike Rental & Guided Turs您的安全是我们的首要任务。我们在每次租赁或游览前提供安全说明和指南。)”可知，Bike Rental & Guided Turs的首要任务是提供安全说明和指南。故选C项。
B
When Sarah Lee was a child, she lved t watch the birds in her backyard and wnder hw they culd fly s effrtlessly. As she grew lder, Sarah became interested in the science behind flight and decided t study aerspace engineering in cllege.
After graduatin, Sarah began wrking fr a cmpany that designed airplanes. Hwever, she sn realized that the traditinal methds f airplane design were nt always efficient r sustainable. She began t wnder if there was a way t design airplanes that mimicked the natural wrld.
Sarah started t study birds and insects, bserving hw they were able t fly with such grace and efficiency. She asked questins like: Hw d birds adjust their wings t different wind cnditins? Hw d insects use their wings t hver in place?
With this knwledge, Sarah began t design airplanes that incrprated bimimicry, r the imitatin f nature. She created wings that culd adjust their shape based n wind cnditins, just like a bird’s wings. She als designed planes that culd hver in place, like a dragnfly.
Sarah’s designs were a hit. Her cmpany began t prduce airplanes that were mre efficient and sustainable than ever befre. They used less fuel and emitted fewer pllutants int the air.
Sarah nw travels arund the wrld, giving talks n the benefits f bimimicry in engineering. “Nature has been slving prblems fr millins f years,” she says. “We can learn a lt frm the natural wrld if we just take the time t bserve and ask questins.”
4. What made Sarah Lee’s interest in aerspace engineering?
A. Her fascinatin with airplanes.
B. Her desire t study flight science.
C. Her childhd dream f becming a pilt.
D. Her lve fr watching birds in her backyard.
5. What is ne example f bimimicry in Sarah’s airplane designs?
A. Wings that adjust their shape based n wind cnditins.
B. Engines that run n renewable energy surces.
C. Cckpits that mimic the structure f a bird’s nest.
D. Landing device that resembles insect legs.
6. Based n the article, what can be inferred abut Sarah Lee’s career gals?
A. She wants t becme a pilt.
B. She aspires t be an aerspace engineer.
C. She plans t study birds and insects.
D. She aims t design efficient airplanes.
7 What des the underlining wrd “mimicked” mean?
A. Vilated.B. Imitated.C. Resembled.D. Pretended.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了从小对飞行背后的科学感兴趣的Sarah在大学学习了航空航天工程，在从业后通过研究仿生学而设计出了高效的飞机的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“As she grew lder, Sarah became interested in the science behind flight and decided t study aerspace engineering in cllege. (随着年龄的增长，Sarah对飞行背后的科学产生了兴趣，并决定在大学里学习航空航天工程。)”可知，Sarah学习飞行科学的愿望让她萌生了对航空航天工程的兴趣。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“She created wings that culd adjust their shape based n wind cnditins, just like a bird’s wings. (她创造了可以根据风况调整形状的翅膀，就像鸟的翅膀一样。)”可知，Sarah的飞机设计中根据风况调整形状的机翼属于仿生学的应用。故选A项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Hwever, she sn realized that the traditinal methds f airplane design were nt always efficient r sustainable. (然而，她很快意识到，传统的飞机设计方法并不总是高效或可持续的。)”、第三段中“Sarah started t study birds and insects, bserving hw they were able t fly with such grace and efficiency. (Sarah开始研究鸟类和昆虫，观察它们是如何优雅而高效地飞行的。)”和第五段中“Her cmpany began t prduce airplanes that were mre efficient and sustainable than ever befre. (她的公司开始生产比以往任何时候都更高效和可持续的飞机。)”可知，Sarah一直专注于解决传统的设计方法无法设计出高效的飞机的问题，并通过研究仿生学解决了这一问题。由此可知，她的职业目标是设计出高效的飞机。故选D项。
【7题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段中“With this knwledge, Sarah began t design airplanes that incrprated bimimicry, r the imitatin f nature. (有了这些知识，Sarah开始设计结合了仿生学或模仿自然的飞机。)”可推知，Sarah一开始想设计出的是模仿自然世界的飞机。因此，mimicked与此处的imitatin的动词形式imitate意思相近，意为“模仿”。故选B项。
C
The annual cllege graduatin seasn is just drawing t a clse. As mst f this year’s graduates were brn in 2000 r 2001, they are the first f the “00’s generatin” t leave the campus and enter the wrkplace.
These graduates als have a secnd defining characteristic: three f their fur years f cllege life were dminated by the COVID-19 epidemic, s they stayed hme t take nline classes r were quarantined in their drmitries. Sme said they were surprised t have graduated withut having eaten in every ne f their schl’s canteens.
Thse factrs have left tw marks n them: a sense f security due t a favrable ecnmic envirnment and anxiety caused by the pandemic and increased jb cmpetitin. Zhang Xiajing, wh was brn in September 2000, graduated frm Beijing Jiatng University with a bachelr’s in Internet jurnalism. Like her peers, she is skilled in the use f a range f news sftware, self-media platfrms and scial media apps. The huge amunt f infrmatin flwing frm the Internet meant that even frm her earliest days at university she learned t think, be discerning and plan.
“My generatin is expsed t t much infrmatin, s when making future life chices, we need a strnger ability t chse frm infrmatin. If yu make a big life chice in a cnfused way, the risks are bigger than befre,” she said.
With a plan fr her future career in mind, she began an internship in the summer f her sphmre year. After trying five different cmpanies and units including iQiyi, Tencent and traditinal media she decided t undertake pstgraduate study.
“Schl is a very special perid when we can learn scial behavir and even make mistakes. We still have a lt f experience,” she said. “There is still much t experience and explre befre settling n a specific career path.” With this in mind, she valued taking the time t gain mre expsure and try different areas.
8. What is the defining characteristic f the “00’s generatin” cllege graduates?
A. Their ability t adapt t nline classes during the pandemic.
B. Their prficiency in varius news sftware and scial media apps.
C. Their sense f security due t a favrable ecnmic envirnment.
D. Their anxiety caused by increased jb cmpetitin.
9. What did Zhang Xiajing emphasize regarding decisin-making?
A. The need fr critical thinking and explratin.
B. The imprtance f gaining expsure and trying different areas.
C. The risks assciated with making cnfused life chices.
D. The value f infrmed decisin-making t avid unnecessary risks.
10. What influenced Zhang Xiajing’s decisin t pursue pstgraduate studies?
A. Her desire fr practical experience in varius industries.
B. The pprtunities fr persnal grwth during cllege.
C. The need t gain expsure and explre different areas.
D. The cnsideratin f different career paths thrugh internships.
11. What is the main message cnveyed by Zhang Xiajing’s experiences?
A. The imprtance f gaining practical experience thrugh internships.
B. The need fr infrmed decisin-making in the face f verwhelming infrmatin.
C. The value f taking time t explre different areas befre settling n a career path.
D. The challenges faced by the “00’s generatin” due t the COVID-19 pandemic.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了第一批“00后”毕业生离开校园进入职场，并分享了其中一位毕业生张晓静有关人生决策的经历。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“These graduates als have a secnd defining characteristic: three f their fur years f cllege life were dminated by the COVID-19 epidemic, s they stayed hme t take nline classes r were quarantined in their drmitries. (这些毕业生还有第二个决定性特征：在他们四年的大学生活中，有三年被新冠肺炎疫情所主导，所以他们呆在家里参加在线课程，或者被隔离在宿舍里。)”可知，这些00后的学生的决定性特征是在疫情期间适应了在线课程。故选A项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中她所说的话“My generatin is expsed t t much infrmatin, s when making future life chices, we need a strnger ability t chse frm infrmatin. If yu make a big life chice in a cnfused way, the risks are bigger than befre (我们这一代人接触的信息太多了，所以在未来的生活选择中，我们需要更强的信息选择能力。如果你以一种混乱的方式做出重大的人生选择，风险就会比以前更大)”可知，她认为他们这一代人做生活选择时要有更强的信息选择能力，否则会有更大的风险。由此可知，关于做决定她强调的是明智地决策，以避免不必要的风险。故选D项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“With a plan fr her future career in mind, she began an internship in the summer f her sphmre year. After trying five different cmpanies and units including iQiyi, Tencent and traditinal media she decided t undertake pstgraduate study. (带着对未来职业的规划，她在大二的夏天开始了实习。在尝试了爱奇艺、腾讯和传统媒体等五家不同的公司和单位后，她决定攻读研究生。)”可知，通过实习对不同职业道路的思考让她决定攻读研究生。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据她主要的经历，并结合最后一段中““There is still much t experience and explre befre settling n a specific career path.” With this in mind, she valued taking the time t gain mre expsure and try different areas. (“在确定具体的职业道路之前，还有很多事情需要经历和探索。”考虑到这一点，她重视花时间获得更多的接触和尝试不同的领域。)”可推知，她的经历表明了在确定职业道路之前，花时间探索不同领域的价值。故选C项。
D
Recent research reveals that the adptin f generative artificial intelligence (AI) by cmpanies in the US has a disprprtinate impact n wmen. Accrding t a recent analysis, apprximately 79% f the jbs lst t AI were held by wmen. This difference can be due t several factrs.
Wmen are mre likely t wrk in industries that are highly be influenced by autmatin, such as retail, hspitality, and administrative supprt. These sectrs ften invlve repetitive tasks that can be easily autmated by AI technlgies. Cnsequently, wmen emplyed in these industries face a higher risk f jb displacement.
Gender biases in AI algrithms (运算法则) can wrsen the situatin fr wmen. AI systems are trained n histrical data, which may reflect existing gender biases in hiring and prmtin practices. This can result in biased decisin-making during recruitment and perfrmance evaluatins, putting wmen at a disadvantage in the wrkplace.
The lack f diversity in the develpment f AI technlgies cntributes t the gender difference. The underrepresentatin (代表名额不足) f wmen in the field f AI means that their perspectives and experiences are nt adequately cnsidered during the design and develpment prcess. As a result, AI systems may nt fully understand r cater t the needs f wmen, cntinuusly leading t gender inequalities.
T address these challenges, it is crucial t priritize diversity and inclusin in the develpment and deplyment f AI technlgies. This invlves increasing the representatin f wmen in AI-related fields and ensuring diverse perspectives are cnsidered during the design and testing phases. Additinally, cmpanies shuld actively wrk twards eliminating gender biases in AI algrithms and regularly assess their impact n different demgraphic grups.
In cnclusin, althugh men currently dminate the labr market, wmen bear a disprprtinate burden due t the adptin f generative AI. The cmbinatin f industry cmpsitin, gender biases in algrithms, and lack f diversity in AI develpment cntribute t this disparity. T relieve these effects, it is essential t priritize diversity and inclusin in AI develpment and address gender biases in algrithms. Only thrugh these effrts can we ensure that the benefits f AI are distributed equitably amng all individuals, regardless f gender.
12. Why are wmen in the US wrkfrce mre influenced by the adptin f generative AI than men?
A. Wmen are less adaptable t technlgical changes.
B. Wmen have a lwer level f educatin cmpared t men.
C. Wmen are generally less skilled in technlgy and AI-related fields.
D. Wmen are mre likely t wrk in industries that are highly autmatable.
13. Which f the fllwing strategies can reduce the ptential negative impact n wmen?
A. Increasing gender prprtin in AI develpment teams.
B. Prviding targeted training and prgrams fr wmen and giving them mre chances in AI-related fields.
C. Encuraging wmen t pursue careers in nn-autmatable industries.
D. Offering financial supprts t cmpanies that priritize gender diversity in AI prgrammes.
14. Why is it imprtant t priritize diversity and inclusin in AI develpment?
A. It ensures equal pprtunities fr wmen in the wrkfrce.
B. It prmtes innvatin and creativity in AI slutins.
C. It reduces the risk f biased algrithms that perpetuate gender inequalities.
D. It imprves the verall perfrmance and effectiveness f AI systems.
15. What is the main idea f the article?
A. The impact f AI n jb lsses in the US.
B. The rle f wmen in AI-related fields.
C. Gender biases in AI algrithms and their effects n wmen.
D. Slutins t address challenges faced by wmen due t generative AI.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了生成式人工智能对从业的女性造成了更大的负面影响，行业构成、算法中的性别偏见以及人工智能开发缺乏多样性等因素共同导致了这一问题。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Wmen are mre likely t wrk in industries that are highly be influenced by autmatin, such as retail, hspitality, and administrative supprt. (女性更有可能在受自动化影响较大的行业工作，如零售、酒店和行政支持。)”和“Cnsequently, wmen emplyed in these industries face a higher risk f jb displacement. (因此，在这些行业就业的女性面临更高的失业风险。)”可知，美国劳动力中的女性比男性更容易受到采用生成式人工智能的影响是因为女性更有可能在高度自动化的行业工作。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“This invlves increasing the representatin f wmen in AI-related fields (这包括增加女性在人工智能相关领域的代表性)”可知，为女性提供有针对性的培训和项目，让女性在人工智能相关领域有更多的机会，可以帮助她们减少潜在的负面影响。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“As a result, AI systems may nt fully understand r cater t the needs f wmen, cntinuusly leading t gender inequalities. (因此，人工智能系统可能无法完全理解或满足女性的需求，从而不断导致性别不平等。)”和最后一段中“T relieve these effects, it is essential t priritize diversity and inclusin in AI develpment and address gender biases in algrithms. Only thrugh these effrts can we ensure that the benefits f AI are distributed equitably amng all individuals, regardless f gender. (为了减轻这些影响，必须在人工智能开发中优先考虑多样性和包容性，并解决算法中的性别偏见。)”可推知，在人工智能开发中优先考虑多样性和包容性很重要，因为这样可以降低使性别不平等永久化的有偏见算法的风险。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了生成式人工智能对从业的女性造成了更大的负面影响，并从行业构成、算法中的性别偏见以及人工智能开发缺乏多样性三个方面分析了这一问题产生的原因，着重分析了算法方面的因素和解决方法。因此，C项“人工智能算法中的性别偏见及其对女性的影响”符合文章大意。故选C项。
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hme gardens prduce delicius fd.But that’s nt their main virtue.
Imagine a plate hlding tw strawberries, identical in appearance. One came ut f a super-market bx, prbably harvested unripe. ____16____The ther was picked frm a garden minutes befre being eaten. The first ne will prbably taste like a slightly sur grape while the secnd is likely t be sweet and rich in flavur.
Supermarket strawberries are nt entirely withut advantages. They are cnvenient and available in the nrthern glbe even in February. But the tw berries differ frm each ther in the same way that hearing Beethven’s Mnlight Snata in a cncert hall differs frm listening t it n an ld tape.____17____
Other peple, hwever, believe gardening a waste f time. But the same culd be said f cking. There are cheap and decent restaurants arund, s why bther t make yur wn meals? ____18____They mistake the prduct fr the purpse.
Actually, a garden, especially in the early years, can prduce little but frustratin(挫败感). New gardeners may plant the wrng crps fr their sil. Rabbits have an annying habit f taking single bites f vegetable, then leaving the rest t g bad.____19____ N matter. The real jy f gardening is the time spent ding it. The deepest pleasure — as with cking, writing, bringing up children r almst anything wrthwhile — is in the wrk itself.A gardener’s memries revlve nt arund the fd prduced, but arund lng afternns with hands in the dirt.
____20____
A. N ne can ever avid this hard stage.
B. S why dn’t we start hme gardening fr delicius fd?
C This might explain why many peple desire a hme garden.
D. These peple misunderstand the ultimate appeal f gardening.
E. By the time it reached the plate it may have been ff the plant fr days.
F. T garden is t patiently and lvingly help life grw, in the grund and abve it.
G. And even expert gardeners can lse a seasn’s harvest t uncperative weather.
【答案】16. E 17. C 18. D 19. G 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要阐述了园艺的真正乐趣。
【16题详解】
上文“One came ut f a supermarket bx, prbably harvested unripe.(一个来自从超市的箱子，可能是未成熟的收获)”和下文的“The ther was picked frm a garden minutes befre being eaten. ”说明这颗草莓在未成熟时就摘下来了，推断出这颗草莓等待了好几天在成熟后才能装入盘子进行食用，E项“当它被放到盘子里的时候，它可能已经离开植物几天了”，承接上下文，符合语境。故选E项。
【17题详解】
上文“But the tw berries differ frm each ther in the same way that hearing Beethven’s Mnlight Snata in a cncert hall differs frm listening t it n a ld tape.(但这两种浆果彼此不同，就像在音乐厅听贝多芬的《月光奏鸣曲》不同于用旧录音带听一样)”可知，这里讲述了家庭花园的优点。C项“这或许可以解释为什么许多人渴望拥有一个家庭花园”和上文构成因果关系，是对上文内容的承接。故选C项。
【18题详解】
上文“Other peple, hwever, believe gardening a waste f time. But the same culd be said f cking. There are cheap and decent restaurants arund, s why bther t make yur wn meals?(然而，其他人认为园艺是浪费时间。但烹饪也是如此。周围有便宜又体面的餐馆，所以为什么要自己做饭呢?)”及下文“They mistake the prduct fr the purpse.(他们错误地将产品用于目的)”可知人们对园艺是存在误解的，D项“这些人们误解了园艺的终极魅力”， 承上启下，符合语境。故选D项。
【19题详解】
上文“Actually, a garden, especially in the early years, can prduce little but frustratin(挫败感). (确实，一个园子尤其是在早些年的时候，产出很少而且会有挫败感）”，G项 “即使是专业的园也会因为不配合的天气而损失一季的收成”是对上文产出少这个内容的举例说明。故选G项。
【20题详解】
上文“The deepest pleasure-as with cking, writing,bringing up children r almst anything wrthwhile-is in the wrk itself. A gardener’s memries revlve nt arund the fd prduced, but arund lng afternns with hands in the dirt.(最深层的乐趣——就像烹饪、 写作、抚养孩子或任何有意义的事情一样——在于做这件事本身。园丁的记忆不是围绕着生产的食物，而是围绕着长时间的下午，双手沾满泥土)”可知，这里讲述了做园艺活的乐趣，F项“做园艺活就是耐心地和爱护地帮助那些地上和地下的生命茁壮成长”是对做园艺这件事情意义的升华，是对上文内容的承接。故选F项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On a lng trip t Brisbane we stpped int a service statin in Kilcy fr a bathrm break and sme fuel. We went int the shp t the bathrm first and then the ____21____ t pay. My sn was a little eccentric (搞怪的) and life lving, s as he usually did. He was dancing as he walked, twirling (扭动) his hips and ____22____ t his wn mves. Since I was ttally ____23____ t his mves, it didn’t ____24____ my mind at all until the yung gentleman wrking behind the cunter ____25____ his “brilliant dance rutine”.
He tld my sn that he lved his mves and it was a ____26____ t see him cme int his shp. My by felt s ____27____ with himself that he cntinued t dance arund gently as I paid and ____28____ the gentleman fr his kind remarks. As we went t leave, the gentleman gave my by a lllipp (棒棒糖) as a____29____. I was abslutely blwn away by his kindness. It might be _____30_____, but t us it wasn’t.
Nt many peple _____31_____ the time ut f their days t talk t children. Hwever, the yung gentleman was mre than _____32_____ and happy t have a chat. My sn felt imprtant and _____33_____ lved his treat. I als persnally really appreciated his kind _____34_____. As a parent n a lng drive with small kids, it is these small acts that will _____35_____r break ur day.
21. A. cmpanyB. cunterC. apartmentD. hall
22. A. tendingB. pintingC. singingD. adapting
23. A. usedB. addictedC. devtedD. ppsed
24. A. clearB. changeC. readD. crss
25. A. expanded nB. cncentrated nC. cmmented nD. insisted n
26. A. mistakeB. delightC. pityD. cmfrt
27. A. frustratedB. pleasedC. annyedD. tired
28. A. thankedB. acceptedC. invitedD. assisted
29. A. prizeB. treasureC. treatD. pleasure
30. A. tughB. significantC. typicalD. small
31. A. takeB. drawC. wasteD. use
32. A. utgingB. willingC. ptimisticD. energetic
33. A. hpefullyB. slightlyC. curiuslyD. bviusly
34. A. gestureB. attitudeC. thughtD. determinatin
35. A. helpB. buildC. makeD. ruin
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文介绍了作者一家在旅行途中的服务站结账时，作者儿子看似搞怪的舞步得到一位陌生小伙的赞许，因而作者心存感谢的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们先进商店去洗手间，然后到柜台付款。A. cmpany公司；B. cunter柜台；C. apartment公寓；D. hall大厅。由上文的“On a lng trip t Brisbane we stpped int a service statin in Kilcy fr a bathrm break and sme fuel.”可知，作者一家去服务站上洗手间以及加油，支付费用应该去了柜台。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他一边走一边跳舞，扭动着臀部，随着自己的动作唱歌。A. tending倾向；B. pinting指向；C. singing唱歌；D. adapting适应。由上文的“He was dancing as he walked, twirling (扭动) his hips”可知，作者儿子当时应该是一遍迈着舞步，一遍随着舞步哼唱，singing t 意为“随着……歌唱”，符合语境。tending t 意为“照料；倾向于”，pinting t 意为“指向……”，adapting t 意为“适应”。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于我已经完全习惯了他的动作，直到柜台后面工作的年轻绅士评论他的“精彩的舞蹈套路”时，我才意识到这一点。A. used用过的、习惯于；B. addicted上瘾的；C. devted忠诚的；D. ppsed强烈反对的。由上文的“s as he usually did. He was dancing as he walked”可知，作者已完全习惯了儿子手舞足蹈歌唱的模样，be used t意为“习惯了……”，符合语境。be addicted t 意为“对……上瘾的”，be devted t意为“献身于……”，be ppsed t 意为“反对……”。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于我已经完全习惯了他的动作，直到柜台后面工作的年轻绅士评论他的“精彩的舞蹈套路”时，我才意识到这一点。A. clear清理；B. change改变；C. read阅读；D. crss穿越。由上文的“Since I was ttally ____3____ t his mves”可知，作者压根没想过儿子的舞步有多么好，crss ne’s mind 意为“脑海中闪过……念头”，直到听到柜台后面工作的年轻绅士对儿子舞步的评论，作者才脑海中闪过儿子舞步好的念头。clear ne’s mind 意为“使头脑清醒”，change ne’s mind 意为“改变主意”，read ne’s mind 意为“理解某人的想法”。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于我已经完全习惯了他的动作，直到柜台后面工作的年轻绅士评论他的“精彩的舞蹈套路”时，我才意识到这一点。A. expanded n详谈；B. cncentrated n专心于；C. cmmented n评价；D. insisted n坚持。由下文的“brilliant dance rutine”和“He tld my sn that he lved his mves”可知，一位小伙子对作者儿子的舞姿做出了评价，呼应下文“his kind remarks”。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我的儿子，他喜欢他的动作，看到他走进他的商店是一件很高兴的事。A. mistake错误；B. delight高兴；C. pity可怜；D. cmfrt安慰。由上文的“He tld my sn that he lved his mves”可知，小伙子对作者儿子的舞蹈动作非常喜欢，见到他很高兴。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的儿子对自己感到非常满意，于是在我付钱并感谢这位先生的好评论时，他继续轻轻地跳舞。A. frustrated沮丧的；B. pleased满意的；C. annyed恼怒的；D. tired疲倦的。由上下文可知，作者儿子听了小伙子的赞美后，对自己非常满意，并继续跳着舞，be pleased with 意为“对……满意”，符合语境。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的儿子对自己感到非常满意，于是在我付钱并感谢这位先生的好评论时，他继续轻轻地跳舞。A. thanked感谢；B. accepted接受；C. invited邀请；D. assisted帮助。由上文可知，作者一边付钱一边感谢小伙子所说的话（对儿子舞步的赞美之词）。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们离开时，这位先生给了我儿子一根棒棒糖作为款待。A. prize奖品；B. treasure宝藏；C. treat款待、请客；D. pleasure高兴。由上文的“the gentleman gave my by a lllipp (棒棒糖)”可知，小伙子请作者儿子吃了个棒棒糖。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它可能很小，但对我们来说并不小。A. tugh艰难的；B. significant重要的；C. typical典型的；D. small小的。由上文的“the gentleman gave my by a lllipp (棒棒糖)”可知，小伙子请作者儿子吃了个棒棒糖，小伙子的善良可能很微小，但在我们看来确是极有分量的。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有多少人抽出时间和孩子们交谈。A. take拿；B. draw画；C. waste浪费；D. use使用。由上下文可知，作者认为很少人愿意花时间跟小孩子讲话。take the time意为“花费时间”，符合语境。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，这位年轻绅士非常愿意和高兴地聊一聊。A. utging外向的；B. willing愿意的；C. ptimistic积极的；D. energetic精力充沛的。由上文的“Nt many peple ____11____ the time ut f their days t talk t children.”讲没有多少人抽出时间和孩子们交谈和表转折的“Hwever”可知，很少人愿意花时间跟小孩子讲话，而这位年轻小伙愿意和孩子聊天。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我儿子觉得自己被看重，显然很喜欢他的款待。A. hpefully有希望地；B. slightly轻微地；C. curiusly好奇地；D. bviusly明显地。由上文的“My sn felt imprtant”可知，孩子很显然对这位年轻小伙请客很受用，很喜欢。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我个人也非常欣赏他的友好姿态。A. gesture姿态；B. attitude态度；C. thught想法；D. determinatin决心。由上文可知，作者对这位年轻小伙善意的举动很感激，kind gesture 意为“善意的举动”呼应上文的“his kindness”。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个带着孩子长途旅行的家长，正是这些小小的举动既可以让一天过得愉快，也可以让这一天过得糟糕。A. help帮助；B. build建立；C. make使得；D. ruin破坏。由全文及文章最后一句可知，对一位带着孩子进行长途旅行的家长来说，小小的行为既可以让一天过得愉快，也可以让这一天过得糟糕。make ne’s day 意为“使……过得开心”，符合语境。故选C项。
第二节 (共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Cld weather can be hard n pets, just like it can be hard n peple. Smetimes wners frget that their cats are just as used t the warm shelter ____36____ they are. Sme wners will leave their animals utside fr a lng perid f time, ____37____(think) that all animals are used t living utdrs. This can put their pets in danger f serius illness. There are things yu can d t keep yur animal warm and safe.
Keep yur pets inside as much as yu can when the weather is bad. If yu have t take them ut, stay utside with them. When yu’re cld enugh t g inside, they prbably are t. If yu must leave them utside fr a lng time, ___38___(make) sure they have a warm, slid shelter ____39____ the wind, thick bedding, and plenty f nn-frzen water.
If ____40____(leave) alne utside dgs and cats can be very smart in ____41____(they) search fr warm shelter. They can dig int snw banks r hide smewhere. Watch them ____42____(clse) when they are left utdrs, and prvide them with shelter f gd quality. Keep ____43____ eye n yur pet’s water. Smetimes wners dn’t realize that a water bwl ___44___(freeze) and their pet can’t get anything t drink. Animals that dn’t have clean and unfrzen water may drink dirty water utside,_____45_____ may cntain smething unhealthy fr them.
【答案】36. as 37. thinking
38. make 39. against
40. left 41. their
42. clsely
43. an 44. has frzen
45. which
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在寒冷的天气中如何照顾宠物。
【36题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：有时主人会忘记他们的猫和他们一样习惯了温暖的住所。此处表示“和……一样”，所以用同级比较，且该空之前已经出现are just as，点明了同级比较，所以用 as…as…。故填as。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：有些主人会把他们的动物放在外面很长一段时间，认为所有的动物都习惯在户外生活。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词will leave，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，Sme wners和think为逻辑主谓关系，需填现在分词形式。故填thinking。
【38题详解】
考查祈使句。句意：如果你必须把它们放在外面很长一段时间，确保它们有一个温暖的，坚固的挡风的地方，厚厚的被褥，和足够的不结冰的水。此处为祈使句，需用动词原形。故填make。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意同上。shelter 作名词时，意为“庇护，避难所，遮盖物”；作动词时，意为“保护；躲避”。在此句中由于其前有冠词和形容词修饰，所以此处为名词。shelter 之后接 against，该介词意为“防止，阻隔”。此处指“这个温暖、坚固的庇佑所”是可以“防止强风侵入的”。故填against。
【40题详解】
考查省略句。句意：如果狗和猫被单独放在外面，它们会非常聪明地寻找温暖的住所。If引导的条件状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，可以省略从句的主语和be动词，完整的从句是If they are left alne utside，省略了they are。故填left。
【41题详解】
考查代词。句意：同上。修饰名词search，需用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：当它们被放置在户外时，要密切观察，并为它们提供优质的庇护。修饰动词watch需用副词clsely，作状语。故填clsely。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：留意你宠物的饮水。keep an eye n为固定短语，意为“留意”。故填an。
【44题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：有时主人没有意识到水碗已经结冰了，他们的宠物找不到任何喝的东西。此处表示过去发生的事情对现在产生影响，使用现在完成时，主语为a water bwl，助动词用has。故填has frzen。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：没有干净和未冻的水的动物可能会喝外面的脏水，这些脏水可能含有对它们不健康的东西。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词dirty water，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分 15 分)
46. 假设你是李华，作为一名高中生，你对口语学习有着自己的见解。请你以“The Imprtance f Oral English Learning”为题，写一篇英语短文，谈谈你对口语学习的看法，并提出一些建议。
内容包括：
1．观点陈述，至少包括两个理由；
2．给出相应的建议。
注意：写作词数应为80个左右。
The Imprtance f Oral English Learning
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
The Imprtance f Oral English Learning
In my pinin, ral English learning is f great significance fr high schl students. Firstly, ral English skills are essential fr effective cmmunicatin. Withut gd ral English skills, we may find it difficult t express urselves clearly and understand thers in class discussins r scial interactins. Secndly, ral English learning can enhance ur cnfidence. We will feel mre cnfident when facing English-speaking situatins, such as jb interviews r internatinal exchanges.
T imprve ur ral English skills, I suggest the fllwing methds. Firstly, we can participate in English crners r language exchange activities t have cnversatins with native speakers r ther English learners, which will help us becme mre cmfrtable and fluent in speaking English. Secndly, we can imprve ur prnunciatin, vcabulary, and listening skills by immersing urselves in English language and culture.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。题目要求考生以“The Imprtance f Oral English Learning”为题写一篇英语短文，需陈述个人对口语学习的看法，并提出相应的提升口语水平的建议。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
在某人看来：in ne’s pinin→frm ne’s pint f view, frm ne’s perspective
必要的：essential→necessary, indispensable
困难的：difficult→hard, tugh
表达：express→cnvey
提高：imprve→sharpen, enhance
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Secndly, we can imprve ur prnunciatin, vcabulary, and listening skills by immersing urselves in English language and culture.
拓展句：Secndly, nly by immersing urselves in English language and culture can we imprve ur prnunciatin, vcabulary, and listening skills.
【点睛】[高分句型1] We will feel mre cnfident when facing English-speaking situatins, such as jb interviews r internatinal exchanges. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句的省略形式)
[高分句型2] Firstly, we can participate in English crners r language exchange activities t have cnversatins with native speakers r ther English learners, which will help us becme mre cmfrtable and fluent in speaking English. (运用了which引导的限制性定语从句)
第二节 (满分 25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Caught in a fld
Mary and her parents were dwnstairs in the living rm. Mary was lking thrugh the windws at the endless rain utside. It had been raining nn-stp fr three days. She had never seen a strm this bad. It was making her nervus. The wind rared and the rain beat n the rf and windws. Dad was listening t a weather reprt n the radi, while Mum was putting their imprtant dcuments and disaster supplies int a bag.
“Mum, Dad,” said Mary suddenly, “I think we shuld leave here right away!”
“N,” said Dad. “It’s t late: The radi says the city has already been flded.”
“We can drive ur car thrugh the fldwater. Let’s us leave! I’m really scared!” cried Mary. “We can’t d that, hney,” explained Mum, “therwise the mving water culd wash the car away!”
Mary walked t the dr. She was curius t see hw much water there was utside.
“Dn’t pen the dr!” shuted Mum and Dad at the same time. “The water may fld in!”
Dad mved the dinner table against the dr, in case the fldwater frced the dr pen. Mum waved t Mary t sit n the sfa. “Mary, dn’t wrry. Everything’s ging t be OK,” she said sftly, trying her best t cmfrt Mary. Her vice was calm, but Mary culd tell she was wrried t.
Withut saying a single wrd, Dad walked t the sfa, sat dwn and hugged his wife and daughter. The sudden silence in the huse seemed t make the wind and rain mre frightening utside. What culd they d?
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．续写部分分为两段，每段开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
All f a sudden, the fldwater frced the dr pen.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Being upstairs, they breathed a sigh f relief.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
Paragraph 1:
All f a sudden, the fldwater frced the dr pen. Shcked, frightened and extremely scared, Mary saw the fldwaters puring int the rm, leaving the dinner table upside dwn. She didn’t knw what t d, trembling, and turned t her mum fr help. An idea ccurred t Mum that they had t g upstairs, because they had n chice but t save themselves at that mment, and it wuld be f great danger t stay in place befre rescue came t them. Dad als rushed t the secnd flr withut hesitatin, nt frgetting t take the bag cntaining imprtant dcuments and disaster supplies.
Paragraph 2:
Being upstairs, they breathed a sigh f relief. Hwever, the fldwater had flded int the whle living rm dwnstairs. They were all nervus and scared t see the fldwater rise further. Frtunately, what relieved them a little was that they prepared enugh fd and water supplies in advance. The rain was still raining nn-stp. Mary and Mum became increasingly nervus while Dad kept giving them cmfrt and encuragement. Later, they learned frm the radi that the gvernment was rganizing rescue grups t save peple caught in their hme by bat. Thinking they wuld be saved, they culdn’t be mre excited. Until then, the easiness and warmth welled up in every crner f the rm, seeming t make the fldwater utside less frightening utside. It desn’t matter what yu did when yu were faced with tugh situatin, and what matters mst is that yu made a wise decisin and well prepared.
【解析】
【导语】本文以事件为线索展开，玛丽一家因为暴雨而被困在家，玛丽感到很紧张，而她的爸爸在听天气预报，妈妈在整理重要文件和救灾物资。玛丽想要赶紧离开，但是爸爸告诉她城市已被洪水淹没，来不及离开了。妈妈安慰了充满担心的玛丽，爸爸默默地拥抱了自己的妻子和女儿。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“突然，洪水把门冲开了。”可知，第一段可描写他们看到的可怕景象和害怕的心理，以及采取的紧急措施。
②由第二段首句内容“在楼上，他们松了一口气。”可知，第二段可描写洪水继续发展给他们带来的威胁，他们得知将得救后的宽慰，以及面对洪水困境的感悟。
2. 续写线索：洪水把门冲开——所见所感——采取紧急措施——松一口气——洪水继续发展——得知将得救——面对困境的感悟
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①看到：see/spt/ntice
②冲：rush/run/dash
③拿，带：take/grasp/get hld f
④给：give/ffer/prvide
情绪类
①震惊的：shcked/astnished/stunned
②害怕的：frightened/scared/terrified
③紧张的：nervus/anxius
【点睛】[高分句型1] An idea ccurred t Mum that they had t g upstairs, because they had n chice but t save themselves at that mment, and it wuld be f great danger t stay in place befre rescue came t them. (that引导同位语从句、because引导原因状语从句、befre引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] Frtunately, what relieved them a little was that they prepared enugh fd and water supplies in advance. (what引导主语从句、that引导表语从句)
[高分句型3] It desn’t matter what yu did when yu were faced with tugh situatin, and what matters mst is that yu made a wise decisin and well prepared. (what引导主语从句、when引导时间状语从句、that引导表语从句)
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