2024届上海市黄浦区高三上学期一模英语试题

这是一份2024届上海市黄浦区高三上学期一模英语试题，共10页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2023年12月
(完卷时间:120分钟 满分:140分)
第I卷（共100分）
I. Listening Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will bespken nly nce.After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it,read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
1. A.At a the train statin.
C. In a clck shp.D. On the street.
2. A. They bth prefer E-textbks.
B.The man is expecting printed textbks.
C. The wman is against the use f tablets.
D. Neither f them needs tablets.
3. A. They're frmal.
B. They're wrth the price.
C. They're ut-f-date.
D. They're pr in quality.
4.A. Find a rmmate.
B. Mve t a neat rm.
C.Pst an ad fr a cleaner.
D. Reply t an ad.
5. A. T make the cmputer beautiful.
B.T prtect his eyes.
C. T get the cmputer t wrk lnger.
D. T keep the cmputer away frm blue light.
6.A. The mvie theatre isn't ppular in Lndn.
B. Lndners shuld have seen the freign mvie.
C. Lndners had better learn freigner languages.
D. There is a great demand fr freign mvies in Lndn.
7. A. The wman missed the discunt.
B.The wman isn't qualified fr the discunt.
C. The wman fails t cme t class n time.
D. The wman can't jin the new classes.
8. A. Chase each ther. B. Chat while eating.
C. Prepare fr a race.D. Serve a snack.
9. A. It's suitable fr her learning style.
B. She wants t try different ways t learn.
C. She prefers t cnnect ntes t a stry.
D. It can strngly smth her emtin.
10. A. The hunting is t blame fr the disappearance f the birds.
B. The cause f the decline in the ducks' number is uncertain.
C. She is unhappy with the climate change thrughut the wrld.
D. The man shuld find mre scientific evidence fr the birds' extinctin.
Sectin B
Directins: In Sectin B,yu will hear ne lnger cnversatin and tw shrt passages. After each cnversatin r passage,yu will be asked several questins. The cnversatin and the passages will be read twice, but the questins will be spken nly nce.When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne wuld be the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
Questins 11 thrugh 14 are based n the fllwing cnversatin.
11. A. T ask fr her help.
B. T apply fr the entry fr the cmpetitin.
C. T take back his cpy f drawing.
D. T cnfirm the name f his tutr.
12. A. Imprving the designs f saving energy.
B. Designing a typical dmestic kitchen appliance.
C. Develping a new use fr the existing technlgy.
D.Adpting different appraches t existing prblems.
13. A.They dn't sell well.
B. They dn't lk appealing.
C. They ften cst t much.
D. They vary in appearance.
14. A. T push a buttn.
B.T tum n the dishwasher.
C. T decrate the pl.
D. T break the glass.
Questins 15 thrugh 17 are based n the fllwing passage.
15. A. Accrding t hw imprtant the wrk is.
B.Accrding t when the wrk ccurs t yu.
C. Accrding t hw much yu like the subject.
D. Accrding t when the wrk shuld be cmpleted.
16.A. Have a vacatin.
B. Reward yurself fr finishing a task.
C. Take sme summer activities.
D. D smething planned in advance.
17. A. Thse wh lack time fr study.
B.Thse wh are gd at making a plan.
C. Thse wh prefer study t relaxatin.
D. Thse wh plan t study in summer.
Questins 18 thrugh 20 are based n the fllwing passage.
18.A. They expect t see receivers' happiness.
B. They regard them as fashinable appliances.
C. They want t shw their taste in gift chices.
D. They value the feelings delivered by the gifts.
19. A.Their appearance. B. Their packaging.
C.Their price.D. Their usefulness.
20. A. Write it n the wish list.
B. Tell givers directly what we want.
C. Fllw a gift-giving prcess.
D. Brwse Amazn t buy it.
Ⅱ. Grammar and Vcabulary
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passages cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Recnsidering the Staycatin
I've always been dubtful f the staycatin. The newly-invented wrd is t cute fr 21 feels like a cmfrt:While ther peple are ff explring the Blue Lagn by camper van, yu get t stay in yur verywn hme and g t yur usual supermarket 22 ckies!
S, I am fascinated t discver,thanks t my clleague Catherine Pearsn, that I 23 (understand)staycatin in a wrng way. Evidently, my tendency 24 (take) a break withut a plan is unlikely t prduce a restrative effect. Instead, ne shuld make gd preparatins fr that perid f time. Jaime Kurtz, a psychlgy prfessr at James Madisn University and the authr f "The Happy Traveler: Unpacking the Secrets f Better Vacatins," advises_ 25 (ask) neself, “If I were mving away sn, what wuld I mst want t d, and wh wuld I mst want t spend time with?"
I like this saying "Live every day as if it were yur last." Any reminder that time is flying is a gd ne 26 it gets yu t live better This weekend, yu culd, fr instance, seck ut sme vegan ice cream 27 desn't taste terrible Yu culd try running in a pl, which is easier n the jints but as effective as running n land. Yu culd g fr a walk r a drive while listening t “"Slw Radi," a very cmfrting BBC pdcast 28 (feature) sunds f the natural wrld.
Whether r nt yu have a prper vacatin 29 (plan) fr the cming weeks, yu culd envisin any cming weekend as its wn tw-day mini-break, prgramming it as yu wuld a trip t smewhere new, with a jurney 30 (exciting) than just“sleep as much as pssible" and“"mw the lawn".
Sectin B
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the wrds in the bx. Each wrd can nly be used nce.Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
Skywell
A skywell, r "tian jin", as it is cmmnly called, is a typical feature f a traditinal hme in suthern and eastern China. Skywells were designed t reduce temperature in buildings well befre air-cnditining existed. When wind blws abve a skywell huse, it can enter the indr space thrugh the pening, Because utdr air is ften cler than indr air, the incmning wind travels dwn the walls t the lwer stries and creates 31 by replacing warmer indr air, which rises and leaves thrugh the pening.
The main purpse f a skywell is t allw in light, imprve ventilatin(通风) and harvest rainwater. In Huizhu, a skywell is small but tall, and the rms arund it 32 ut sunlight n ht days, enabling the bttm f the skywell t stay cl. Meanwhile, ht air inside the huse can rise and escape thrugh the pening abve the skywell.
Architects are nw lking twards the 33 behind skywells while designing new buildings t save energy. One example is the Natinal Heavy Vehicle Engineering Technlgy Research Centre in the eastern Chinese city f Jinan. The 18-strey glass-walled twer blck has a giant inner skywell in the middle, which 34 frm the fifth t the tp flr. The elevatrs, tilets and meeting rms are all situated arund this channel, which helps imprve the lighting and ventilatin and 35 the verall energy cnsumptin.
Ancient“green wisdm" such as skywells cntinue t inspire tday's climate adaptive design and innvatins in methds that depend n design and technlgy t 36 a building withut the use f pwer.
Hwever, there are sme 37 fr bringing skywells int mdem designs. The mechanisms f curtyards facilitating natural lighting, ventilatin and rain cllectin are well knwn, but applying these methds needs t be 38 Because traditinal skywells had different shapes, sizes and features, which were 39 dependent n their natural surrundings, adding skywells int mdern buildings requires designers t be 40 t their prject's cntext and situatin, making it difficult t apply them as a universal slutin.
II. Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passages there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D.Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
Turkey is nt my thing, but ne dish I cannt live withut n Thanksgiving is my mm's Snwy Mashed Ptates. I start 41 these ptates, my annual time release capsule f pure jy in early Nvember. I'm pretty sure I've had them at every Thanksgiving since I was a kid, and bites ften transprt me back t different years and different dining rms.
Hw and why is it that certain fds give us s much 42 ? And what can be said abut the kinds f fds we cnsider mst cmfrting? Science tells us that taste and nutritinal cntent affect hw fds make us feel, but certain fds are especially 43 satisfying fr reasns that have little t d with their taste r nutritinal cntent. Much f the happiness we get frm ur favrite fds cmes frm the memries they stimulate fr us and the peple we're with while we 44 them. Past and present 45 shape the fds we find cmfrting.
Often, we lve fd because we have 46 memries assciated with it. My mm's mashed ptates(土豆泥) remind me f hliday jy and past reunins with extended family. We are als drawn t fds we were given early in life by peple wh cared fr us, which can help explain ur 47 s lve fr chicken ndle sup, which many parents feed their sick children t make them feel better.
The smell f fd can 48 pwerful memries, t. The part f the brain respnsible fr prcessing smell directly cnnects t the amygdala, a brain regin that prcesses emtins, and the hippcampus, which handles memry. And ur memry fr smells is 49 and precise, especially when it cmes t smell we were first expsed t in childhd. That's why yu might catch the smell f pumpkin pie baking in the ven and be transprted back t the first tine yu baked it with yur grandmther.
These 50 can g the ther way, t. Smetimes yu might feel 51 when yu eat fds that remind yu f lved nes yu miss. We may als 52 fds that we assciate with bad experiences.
In additin t past memries, the 53 in which we eat fds shapes hw much we enjy them in the mment, and ur gustatry(味觉的) experiences can be 54 by a sense f cmmunity, a sense f warmth and enjying it tgether.I 55 my mm's Snwy Mashed Ptates that much mre tday because I gt t eat them with my husband and tw children, the three peple I lve mst in the wrld.
41. A. cutting dwn n B. lking frward t C. making fr D. putting away
42. A. perspective B. pleasure C. space D. transitin
43. A. emtinally B. financially C. physically D. visually
44 A. enjy B. memrize C. rder D. recall
45. A. cmpany B. menus C. utlk D. recipes
46. A. cultural B. fnd C. phtgraphic D. shared
47. A. cllective B. creative C. lst D. parental
48. A. awake B. crrect C. preserve D. recrd
49. A. bitter-sweet B. fresh C. lng-lasting D. selective
50. A. assciatins B. experiences C. fds D. memries
51. A. alert B. amazed C. disappinted D. sad
52. A. avid B. cnsume C. stre D. swallw
53. A.area B. backgrund C. cntext D. emtin
54. A. enhanced B. ffered C. reflected D. weakened
55. A. adapted B. appreciated C. cpied D. digested
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have read.
(A)
Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman, wh tgether identified a slight chemical change t messenger RNA,were awarded the Nbel Prize in Physilgy r Medicine this year.
Dr. Karikó, the 13th wman t win the prize, had cme t the United States frm Hungary tw decades earlier when her research prgram there ran ut f mney. She was preccupied by mRNA, which prvides instructins t cells t make prteins. Defying the decades ld belief that mRNA was clinically unusable, she hld the view that it wuld stimulate medical innvatins.
She and Dr. Weissman had their first chance meeting ver a cpy machine at the University f Pennsylvania in 1998. At the time, Dr. Weissman was desperate fr new appraches t a vaccine(疫苗) against HLV, which bad lng prved impssible t defend against. A physician wh had tried and failed fr years t develp a treatment fr AIDS, he wndered if he and Dr. Karikó culd team up t make an HIV. vaccine.
Fr years, they were at a lss. Mice vaccinated with mRNA became inactive. Cuntless experiments failed. They wandered dwn ne dead end after anther, But eventually, the scientists discvered that cells prtect their wn mRNA with a specific chemical mdificatin(修饰). S they tried making the same change t mRNA manufactured in the lab befre vaccinating it int cells It wrked.
At first, ther scientists were largely uninterested in taking up that new apprach t vaccinatin. But tw bitech cmpanies sn tk ntice: Mderna, in the United States, and BiNTech, in Germany. Then the crnavirus emerged. Almst instantly, Drs. Karikó and Weissman's wrk came tgether with several factrs f different research t put vaccine makers ahead f the game in develping sht.
Brian Fergusn, an immunlgist at the University f Cambridge, said.“The wrk f Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman in the years prir t 2020 prevented tens f millins f deaths and helped the wrld recver frm the wrst pandemic in a century. They richly deserve this recgnitin."
56. The underlined wrd“defying" (paragraph 2) is clsest in meaning t“ ”.
A. challenging
B. cnfirming
C. re-emphasizing
D. stating
57. Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE abut Dr. Karikó and Dr. Weissman's research?
A. They teamed up fr the treatment fr AIDS in Hungary.
B. They prtected their mRNA with a chemical mdificatin.
C. They persevered until they made a change t lab-made mRNA.
D. They manufactured mRNA in mice despite their cuntless failures.
58. Accrding t Brian Fergusn, Dr. Karikó and Dr. Weissman deserve the recgnitin because .
A. they tk n ntice f thers' ignrance
B. they caught attentin f tw bitech cmpanies
C. their wrk helped avid the lss f cuntless lives
D. their wrk prevented the utbreak f the pandemic
59. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the passage?
A. Chemical Changes Identified in the Pandemic
B. Appraches Adpted t Defend Against HLV
C. Nbel Prize Awarded t Cvid Vaccine Pineers
D. mRNA Manufactured in a University Lab in USA
(B)
IMPORTANT SAFEGUARDS
The rice cker can be used by children aged frm 8 years and abve and persns with reduced physical, sensry r mental capabilities r lack f experience and knwledge if they have been supervised/instructed and understand the bazards invlved, Children shall nt play with the appliance. Cleaning and user care shall nt be dne by children unless they are lder than 8 and supervised. Keep the appliance and wire ut f reach f children under 8 years.
If the wire is damaged, it must be replaced by the manufacturer, its service agent, r smene similarly qualified, t avid hazard.
SERVICE
The prduct isn't user-serviceable. If it's nt wrking, read the instructins, check the plug fuse(保险丝)and main fuse. If it's still nt wrking, cnsult yur retailer(零售商).
If that desn't slve the prblem - ring Custmer Service - they may be able t ffer technical advice.
If they advise yu t return the prduct t us, pack it carefully, include a nte with yur name, address,day phne number, and what's wrng. If under guaranee, say where and when purchased, and include prf f purchase. Send it t:
Custmer Service
Spectrum Brands (UK) Ltd
Fir Street, Failswrith, Manchester M350HS
email: supprt@russellhbs.cm
telephne: 0345 658 9700
Please nte: If yu have purchased the prduct within the last 6 mnths, please cntact the retailer first t deal with any matters relating t guarantee.
GUARANTEE
Faults affecting prduct functinality appearing within the guarantee perid will be crrected by replacement r repair at ur ptin prvided the prduct is used and maintained in accrdance with the instructins. Yur legal rights are nt affected.
Guarantee perid = 2 years frm first retail purchase.
T claim an extra 1-year guarantee, register yur prduct nline within 28 days f purchase.
Register at:
Cnsumables are guaranteed nly fr their recmmended lifecycle. Replacements are excluded and are nly cvered by a 1-year guarantee.
60. What can 9-year-lds d with the rice cker?
A. They can clean r repair it alne.
B. They can use it with prper instructin.
C. They can play with it as lng as it is nt in use.
D. They can supervise their yunger brthers wh use it.
61. Jennifer bught a rice cker 10 mnths ag and nw there is smething wrng with it, what can she d?
A. Call her retailer t extend the guarantee perid.
B. Self-check the appliance befre asking fr help.
C. Email t supprt@russellhbbs. cm fr technical advice.
D. Return the cker with cntact & purchasing infrmatin withut the recipe.
62. Yu can replace a faulty rice cker in the third year frm yur purchase if.
A. it has been repaired by yur retailer r a service agent
B. the prduct functinality hasn't been affected seriusly
C. yu have registered the cker nline as sn as yu buy it
D. is cnsumables are guaranteed fr their recmmended lifecycle
(C)
①A grup f 41 stats and the District f Clumbia began a legal case against Meta, the parent cmpany f Facebk, Instagram, WhatsApp and Messenger, insisting that the cmpany knwingly used features n its . platfrms t cause children t veruse them. The accusatins in the lawsuit raise a deeper questin abut behavir: Are yung peple becming addicted t scial media and the internet? Here's what the research has fund.
②David Greenfield, a psychlgist and funder f the Center fr Internet and Technlgy Addictin in West Hartfrd, Cnn, said the devices tempt users with sme pwerful appraches. One is "intermittent reinfrcement," which creates the idea that a user culd get a reward at any time. But when the reward cmes is unpredictable. Adults are easily influenced, be nted, but yung peple are particularly at risk, because the brain regins that are invlved in resisting temptatin and reward are nt nearly as develped in children and teenagers as in adults. Mrever, the adlescent brain is especially accustmed t scial cnnectins, and “"scial media is all a perfect pprtunity t cnnect with ther peple."
③Fr many years, the scientific cmmunity typically defined addictin in relatin t substances, such as drugs, and nt behavirs, such as gambling r internet use. That has gradually changed. In 2013, the Diagnstic and Statistical Manual f Mental Disrders, the fficial reference fr mental health cnditins, intrduced the idea f internet gaming addictin.
④A subsequent study explred bradening the definitin t“internet addictin." The authr suggested further explring diagnstic criteria and the language, fr instance, nting that terms like“prblematic use”and even the wrd“internet" were pen t brad interpretatin, given the many frms the infrmatin and its delivery can take.
⑤Dr. Michael Rich, the directr f the Digital Wellness Lab at Bstn Children's Hspital, said he discuraged the use f the wrd“addictin" because the internet, if used effectively and with limits, was nt merely useful but als essential t everyday life.
⑥Greenfield agreed that there clearly are valuable uses fr the internet and that the definitin f hw much is t much can vary. But he said there als were bvius cases where immderate use disturbs schl, sleep and ther vital aspects f a healthy life. T many yung cnsumers“can't put it dwn," he said. "The internet, including scial media like Meta, are the drugs affecting the mind."
63. What was Meta accused f?
A. It added prblematic features t its platfrm.
B. It started a discussin t mislead yung peple.
C. It tempted children t use scial media t much.
D. It cnducted illegal research n its parent cmpany.
64. Accrding t David Greenfield, users tend t be addicted t scial media and the internet due t .
A their under-develped brain
B. the randm pattern f rewards
C. their desire t be scially cnnected
D. the pssibility f escaping frm reality
65. What can be cncluded abut the study intrduced in Paragraph 4?
A. Addictin is smething abut behavirs instead f substances.
B. The nline language can be interpreted frm a brad perspective.
C. Current diagnstic criteria f“internet addictin" isn't satisfactry.
D. There shuld be an agreement n the definitin f the wrd "internet".
66. Dr. Michael Rich and David Greenfield bth agree that .
A. prper use f the internet des gd t children
B. the internet is t blame fr disturbing healthy life
C. there are cases against immderate use f the internet
D. the wrd“addictin" is imprperly used n the internet
Sectin C
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
Defining Success n Yur Own Terms
“Yu g t cllege right ut f high schl. That's the rule, right?" says Nikki Ivey, a sales trainer and cnsultant utside Jacksnville, Fla, Hwever, it's nt the case fr her. Actually, she gt her undergraduate degree at 28. 67
One by ne, she missed the milestnes she'd envisined in sme imaginary dream life: carning six figures by 30, buying a huse by 35. Then she hit ne- attaining a high-level executive psitin in a cmpany. She didn't lve the jb. She did lve sitting arund the dinner table laughing with her kids. “68 ” she asked herself. She ended up leaving the jb, and started t wnder abut all thse milestnes.
Danielle Pnder had a career as a lawyer befre dedicating herself t singing full time. Wrking as a public defender in Rchester, NY, Danielle Pnder wuld frequently Ggle,“Did anyne make it after the age f 35? At ne pint, she quit her day jb, nly t return a year and a half later, due t the pandemic and disappinting bkings. On the last day f 2021, five days befre her 40 birthday, she tried again. 69 “I dn't knw if I culd survive this happening t me at 19," she says. She thinks her insecure teen self wuldn't have handled the stress f the public eye well.
It can be hard t make a transitin later in life. 70
IV. Summary Writing
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Why cmpanies are hiring 'prmpt engineers?
With the new generative AI tls, like ChatGPT, anyne can put in a prmpt一type in a few wrds and get a result. But that desn't mean that the results will be relevant r accurate.
The key is putting in the right prmpt. That's why sme businesses are nw hiring prmpt engineers-peple with the sill, backgrund and practice t talk t s-called large-language AI systems effectively and why many peple expect prmpt engineering t be a desirable skill fr many kinds f wrkers t add t their resumes.
In general, the mre detailed the request, the clser the respnse will cme t what the user is lking fr. But the mst effective prmpt engineering ges beynd adding detail.
Fr ne thing, adding the right detail t get the best respnse is crucial. Als, there are many ways t guide hw an AI system presents the infrmatin it finds, depending n the gal-tellinlg it t write in a certain style r fr a certain audience, fr instance. Each tl als has particular capabilities and limitatins that users can learn t tackle. And the best results ften cme frm an extended cnversatin with the AI,reacting t what it prduces and asking fr refinements.
Even fr peple applying t jbs that dn't clearly mentin prmpt engineering, having this skill culd becme essential fr all srts f rles. Art directrs culd use generative AI t utline ideas, and marketers culd use it t develp new slgans. Sftware engineers culd use it t find prblems with their cde. Lawyers culd use it t research a piece f law. This is ging t be a fundatinal skill that all f us need t knw. The thrugh line is when yu learn a new skill, yu can take it in any directin yu like.
第II卷(共40分)
V. Translatin
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
72.参观这家博物馆能带你回到20世纪30年代。(visit)
73.新软件能够以超出预期的速度处理数据。(capable)
74.超市离我家步行就能到达，买日用品非常方便。(As)
75.他之所以能成为一名家喻户晓的体育明星，不仅仅是因为他在窭场上酣畅淋漓的表现，更是因为他的努力和谦虚。(nt nly)
VI. Guided Writing
Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学高三学生李明。你校英语社团公众号正在举行主题为“我的2023"的征文活动，写一篇文章投稿。在文中，你必须:
1.描述一件你今年亲身经历且让你有所成长的事情；
2.说明这件事对你的意义。
A. airflws B. blck C. challenges D. cl E. critically F disprprtinately
G principles H. reduces I. sensitive J. site-specific K. stretches
A. D I even want them? On whse clck?
B. Why shuld yu challenge that secret timeline f milestnes in yur head?
C. This time, quitting her jb led t her first album, televisin appearances and sld-ut shws.
D. Instead f feeling pressure t hit life events n smene else's timeline, maybe it's fine t make ur wn.
E. Peple are felling like they' re falling behind, when in fact they're prbably ding exactly what they shuld.
F. She spent years feeling like an utsider and failure as she watched her peers rise in schl and wrk.figuring she'd never catch up.