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人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration一课一练
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这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration一课一练，共18页。试卷主要包含了5分,满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
W:S,hw did yur driver’s test g?Did yu get yur license?
M:This wasn’t the actual driver’s test.Tday was a written test.If I pass,then I can take the driver’s test.
1.What did the man d tday?
A.He tk a written test.
B.He passed the driver’s test.
C.He received his driver’s license.
答案A
M:Hney,the beef tastes s different tday.Hw did yu ck it?
W:Well,I cked it with sme beer.I learned it frm a ckery bk.
2.Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A.At hme. B.In a bar. C.In a restaurant.
答案A
W:Oh! I have t walk hme nw because I just missed the bus.
M:That’s t bad.Yu wuld have caught it if yu set ut a bit earlier.
3.Hw will the wman prbably g hme?
A.By car.B.By bus.C.On ft.
答案C
M:What happened t yu?
W:I went t the beach this weekend,and I gt sunburnt.I frgt t bring my hat and sunglasses.
M:Oh,I’m srry t hear that.
4.What happened t the wman?
A.She lst her hat.
B.She gt sunburnt.
C.She brke her sunglasses.
答案B
W:I dn’t believe a wrd yu are saying.Stp trying t be nice,and just tell me the truth.
M:I’m being hnest with yu! Why d yu always think I’m lying?
W:Because yu always tuch yur nse when yu lie!
5.Why des the wman think the man is lying?
A.He is a dishnest persn.
B.His bdy language tells it.
C.She has already knwn the truth.
答案B
第二节(共15 小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
M:S yu are new here?
W:Yes,I’d like t be yur secretary.
M:What wrk have yu dne befre?
W:I used t be a nurse fr six years.Then I wrked in a bank.Befre I came here,I was a manager in a large htel.Nw I’m a secretary.Yu knw,having been a secretary fr nearly ne year and a half,I think I’m nw rich in experience.
M:One and a half years?In Washingtn?
W:N,I had wrked in New Yrk fr nearly three years befre I came here five mnths ag.
6.What are the speakers ding?
A.Having a class.
B.Having an interview.
C.Having a meeting.
答案B
7.Hw lng has the wman been in Washingtn?
A.Fr 2 years.
B.Fr 1.5 years.
C.Fr 5 mnths.
答案C
听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
W:Hey,can’t yu be a bit faster?Yu’re making the whle grup wait fr yu.
M:Hw can yu blame it n me?I’m having truble perating this machine.It is designed fr yu,right-handers.
W:Yu always cmplain abut these machines.But yu are nt the nly ne using the left hand.T tell yu the truth,I’m als left-handed.
M:Yu are?
W:Yeah.Yu shuld spend sme time getting used t it in advance.Then yu can d it quickly.
M:OK,I will try.
8.What are the speakers talking abut?
A.Using the left hand.
B.Operating machines.
C.Designing machines.
答案B
9.Wh is the machine designed fr?
A.Right-handers.
B.Left-handers.
C.Newcmers.
答案A
10.What can we learn frm the cnversatin?
A.Left-handers can’t run the machines.
B.The wman nly uses her right hand.
C.The wman is mre skillful than the man.
答案C
听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
M:Gd evening,madam.May I help yu?
W:Yes,please.I’d like t have a bigger rm.Yu knw,yu didn’t have bigger nes when I checked in because Lndn Exprt Cmmdities Fair was being held,s I’ve been staying in a small ne these days.
M:I see.The fair was ver yesterday.Nw we d have vacant bigger rms.When d yu want t change yur rm?
W:Tmrrw evening.
M:I’d like t let yu knw that the check-ut time is 12:00 in the middle f the day.
W:I see.What’s the rate fr a bigger rm?
M:￡40 per night.By the way,wuld yu like a rm facing the Thames River r a rm facing the Big Ben?
W:I’d prefer a rm facing the Thames River.
11.What des the wman want t d?
A.Bk a rm.
B.Change rms.
C.Check ut.
答案B
12.When is the check-ut time?
A.12:00 at nn.
B.10:00 in the mrning.
C.2:00 in the afternn.
答案A
13.What kind f rm des the wman like?
A.One facing the Big Ben.
B.One facing the Thames River.
C.One facing the Lndn Bridge.
答案B
听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。
M:Hey,Ivanna! Hw’s it ging?
W:Gd! I haven’t seen yu fr a while,Frank.Where have yu been?
M:I jined a new club.
W:Really?Like a health club?
M:N,a club fr peple wh have the same hbby.In my case,it’s sccer! And it’s fun.
W:Well,at least yu’re having fun.Studying fr finals is taking up all my time.And I have a jb nw,t.
M:Oh,great! Where are yu wrking?
W:At a little café dwntwn.My parents tld me t stp asking them fr mney,s I’m wrking ver the summer.I pened my wn bank accunt s I can depsit whatever I dn’t spend.
M:Ww! Yu’re s mature.My parents culd hang a sign ver my dr telling me the same thing,and I’d walk right past it every day.
W:Everyne is different.Yu stay in great shape.
M:Yeah,but yu always turn yur hmewrk in n time.I never plan ahead.I frget abut it until the night befre.
W:Well,I always d a little bit at a time,s I dn’t get stressed ut.Maybe yu shuld try that.
14.What did Frank just jin?
A.A health club.
B.A sccer club.
C.A study grup.
答案B
15.Why did the wman get a part-time jb?
A.T help her parents with expenses.
B.T save up fr an apartment.
C.T be mre independent.
答案C
16.What des the wman advise the man t d?
A.D his hmewrk little by little.
B.Help her with her hmewrk.
C.Listen t his parents mre.
答案A
17.What des the wman d?
A.She is a bank clerk.
B.She is a student.
C.She is a waitress.
答案B
听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。
Gd mrning! Befre the exam begins,I’d like t g ver sme infrmatin with yu.First f all,this is the Academic Test f English fr Internatinal Students,and
this is Rm 405.If yu are here fr the SAT,please g t Rm 204.If yu are here fr the GRE,g t Rm 307.Okay,then,the rest f yu are here fr the English test.
S,t begin with,yu shall nt take anything with yu int the testing rms.That means mbile phnes,iPads,pens,paper,pencils,etc.Yu will each be given a lcker and a key.Yu shuld put all f yur belngings in the lckers.While yu are waiting t be called fr yur speaking test,yu shall ask ne f the mnitrs fr permissin t use the restrm.Only ne female and ne male candidate will be allwed t use the facilities separately at a time.Als,nce yur name and number have been called,yu must g directly t yur testing rm.
18.Which rm is fr the Academic Test f English?
A.Rm 204.
B.Rm 307.
C.Rm 405.
答案C
19.Where shuld the students put all their belngings?
A.In the lckers with keys.
B.On the chairs utside the testing rms.
C.In the frnt f the testing rm.
答案A
20.What must the students d if they want t use the restrm?
A.G with a mnitr.
B.Wait t be called.
C.Ask fr permissin.
答案C
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
(2019·山东师大附中高一下期末)
Can yu imagine a clud flating in the middle f yur rm?D yu want t knw what it feels like t fly like a bird?Find yur answers in Time Magazine’s 25 “Best Inventins”.Here,we have picked ut the mst interesting 4 t share with yu.
Talking Glves
Ever felt cnfused by the sign language used by disabled peple?Here is the “helping hand” yu need.Fur Ukrainian students have created a pair f glves that helps peple with hearing and speech prblems cmmunicate with thers.The glves are equipped with sensrs that recgnise sign language and translate it int text n a smartphne.Then the smartphne changes the text t spken wrds.
Ggle Glasses
Ggle Glasses are like a cmputer built int the frame f a pair f glasses.With its 1.3-centimeter display,the glasses allw yu t surf the Internet and make calls withut even lifting a finger.The glasses als have a camera and GPS mapping system.Users can take and share phts,check maps and surf the Internet just by lking up,dwn,left and right.
Indr Cluds
It’s nt virtual.That’s a real wrld.Dutch artist Smilde managed t create a small but perfect white clud in the middle f a rm using a fg machine.But it required careful planning—the temperature,humidity(湿度)and lighting all had t be just right.Once everything was ready,the clud frmed in the air with the machine.But it nly lasted fr a shrt while.
Wingsuits
The suit fulfills yur dreams f flying like a bird.Well,nt exactly flying,but gliding(滑翔)thrugh the air.It increases the surface area f the human bdy,which makes it easier fr peple t flat in the air.Fliers wearing wingsuits can glide ne kilmeter in abut 30 secnds.
【语篇解读】本文讲述了一些有趣的发明:会说话的手套、谷歌眼镜、室内云朵和翼服等。
21.Wh will prbably be the users f “Talking Glves”?
A.Disabled peple.
B.Nrmal peple.
C.Trained peple.
D.Wrking peple.
答案C
解析推理判断题。根据第二段第四句“The glves are equipped with sensrs that recgnise sign language and translate it int text n a smartphne.”可知,这个手套上装有传感器,能把手语转换成智能手机短信。由此推测,它是为正常人设计的。
22.Hw can users f Ggle Glasses surf the Internet?
A.By mving the muse.
B.By tapping the keybard.
C.By pressing the buttn.
D.By mving the eyeballs.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Users can take and share phts,check maps and surf the Interact just by lking up,dwn,left and right.”可知,用户通过上下左右看就可以照相、分享照片和上网。
23.Which f the fllwing can help yu fly?
A.Talking Glves.
B.Ggle Glasses.
C.Wingsuits.
D.Indr Cluds.
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“The suit fulfills yur dreams f flying like a bird.”可知,Wingsuits可以帮你飞翔。
B
Every mrning,little Sebastiana Balistreri makes the day f bus driver Jhn Reed.The Milwaukee kid is knwn t wave and jump up and dwn as Reed’s bus pulls up t her stp.S when Reed’s rute changed,he knew he had t deliver a prper gdbye t the 4-year-ld,his favrite passenger,fr all the sweet memries frm the little angel.
“Gd mrning,sweetie!” he greeted the child and her mm,Tracy.“Oh my Gd.Hw are yu?I gt yu a card.I gt yu a clring bk and there’s smething else in there fr yu,”he tld Sebastiana as he handed her a gdie bag.
The sweet mment was recrded by security cameras inside the bus.
“My daughter is very happy,”Tracy tld InsideEditin.cm Friday.“That’s just the way she is.In the mrning,when she sees him cming,she gets very excited.They just develped a friendship.”
Inside Sebastiana’s card,Reed wrte:“I can hnestly say that ver the past mnths yu have been my favrite bus passenger.Yur happy smile and warm everyday Gd Mrnings have brightened my everyday.I want t thank yu fr being a GREAT EXAMPLE fr thers t fllw.”
Reed was very kind t little Sebastiana and the ther passengers.That’s what made Tracy s impressed.S she tk t her Facebk accunt t explain her daughter’s special cnnectin t the bus driver.
“Every mrning Sebastiana and I take the city bus t schl and wrk,”she wrte.“We try t always take the same bus because we made friends with the driver Jhn.”
“She is always super excited t see him.She always wishes him a gd mrning,and tells him the latest news in her 4-year-ld life.She wrte him a Valentine,and he gave her ne t.They are best friends.”
【语篇解读】四岁的小塞巴斯蒂亚娜·巴利斯特里每天都乘坐约翰·里德驾驶的公共汽车去上学。巴利斯特里和约翰·里德建立了深厚的友谊,成了最好的朋友。当里德的路线改变时,他知道他必须向最喜欢的乘客道别。虽离别,情依然,再见依然是朋友。
24.Hw des Sebastiana feel when she sees Read’s bus cming?
A.Relieved.
B.Cnfident.
C.Thrilled.
D.Cncerned.
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据第一段的“The Milwaukee kid is knwn t wave and jump up and dwn as Reed’s bus pulls up t her stp.”以及最后一段的“She is always super excited t see him.”可知,塞巴斯蒂亚娜见到里德的车开过来就非常兴奋,所以选C项。
25.Why did Reed decide t say gdbye t little Sebastiana Balistreri?
A.The girl n lnger tk his bus.
B.He had his bus rute shifted.
C.He changed his present jb.
D.He was transferred t anther cmpany.
答案B
解析推理判断题。根据“S when Reed’s rute changed,he knew he had t deliver a prper gdbye t the 4-year-ld,...”可知,其原因是他的行车线路变了。
26.What left the deepest impressin n Tracy?
A.Reed’s kindness.
B.Reed’s driving skills.
C.Reed’s enthusiasm.
D.Reed’s happy smiles.
答案A
解析细节理解题。根据“Reed was very kind t little Sebastiana and the ther passengers.That’s what made Tracy s impressed.”可知,A项正确。
27.Which f the fllwing can best serve as the main idea f the text?
A.True friendship is a plant f slw grwth.
B.Learn t lve yurself and t frgive yurself.
C.Friendship is a single sul living in tw caring bdies.
D.Understanding is nt a respnsibility,but an pprtunity.
答案C
解析主旨大意题。四岁的小塞巴斯蒂亚娜·巴利斯特里每天都乘坐约翰·里德驾驶的公共汽车去上学。巴利斯特里和约翰·里德建立了深厚的友谊,成了最好的朋友。当里德的路线改变时,他知道他必须向最喜欢的乘客道别。虽离别,情依然,再见依然是朋友。由此可知,C项可作为文章的主旨。
C
Bacteria are an annying prblem fr astrnauts.The micrrganisms(微生物) frm ur bdies grw uncntrllably n surfaces f the Internatinal Space Statin,s astrnauts spend hurs cleaning them up each week.Hw is NASA vercming this very tiny big prblem?It’s turning t a bunch f high schl kids.But nt just any kids.It depending n NASA HUNCH high schl class,like the ne science teachers Gene Grdn and Dnna Himmelberg lead at Fairprt High Schl in Fairprt,New Yrk.
HUNCH is designed t cnnect high schl classrms with NASA engineers.Fr the past tw years,Grdn’s students have been studying ways t kill bacteria in zer gravity,and they think they’re clse t a slutin.“We dn’t give the students any breaks.They have t d it just like NASA engineers,” says Flrence Gld,a prject manager.
“There are n tests,” Grdn says.“There is n graded hmewrk.There almst are n grades,ther than ‘Are yu wrking twards yur gal?’ Basically,it’s ‘I’ve gt t prduce this prduct and then,at the end f year,present it t NASA.’ Engineers cme and really d an in-persn review,’s nt a very nice thing at time.It’s a hard business review f yur prduct.”
Grdn says the HUNCH prgram has an impact(影响) n cllege admissins and practical life skills.“These kids are s absrbed in their studies that I just sit back.I dn’t teach.” And that annying bacteria?Grdn says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers abut the prblem,readying a wrkable slutin t test in space.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国一所中学与NASA合作的科研项目HUNCH,鼓励学生开发创新思维,培养实际生活技能。
28.What d we knw abut the bacteria in the Internatinal Space Statin?
A.They are hard t get rid f.
B.They lead t air pllutin.
C.They appear different frms.
D.They damage the instruments.
答案A
解析推理判断题。根据第一段的第二句提到的“来自我们身体的微生物在国际空间站的表面无法控制地生长,所以宇航员每周要花几个小时来清理它们。”可知,在国际空间站,很难除掉细菌。
29.What is the purpse f the HUNCH prgram?
A.T strengthen teacher-student relatinships.
B.T sharpen students’ cmmunicatin skills.
C.T allw students t experience zer gravity.
D.T link space technlgy with schl educatin.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“HUNCH is designed t cnnect high schl classrms with NASA engineers.”可知,该项目设计的目的是把教室和NASA的工程师们连接起来。分析选项可知,D项与该意思一致。
30.What d the NASA engineers d fr the students in the prgram?
A.Check their prduct.
B.Guide prject designs
C.Adjust wrk schedules.
D.Grade their hmewrk.
答案A
解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“‘I’ve gt t prduce this prduct and then,at the end f the year,present it t NASA.’Engineers cme and really d an in-persn review...”可知,NASA的工程师们要亲自检查他们的成果。
31.What is the best title fr the text?
A.NASA:The Hme f Astrnauts.
B.Space:The Final Hmewrk Frntier.
C.Nature:An Outdr Classrm.
D.HUNCH:A Cllege Admissin Refrm.
答案B
解析主旨大意题。通读全文并结合文章的最后一句可知,戈登的学生每天都会给NASA的工程师发邮件,讨论这个问题,为太空测试准备一个可行的解决方案,故B项“太空:最后的作业前沿”作为文章的标题最合适。
D
Like Marty McFly’s banana-pwered DeLrean (德罗宁时光机),a future generatin f flying cars culd tip ver the idea that all flying is bad fr the climate.Firms such as the Rlls Ryce,Lilium and Vertical Aerspace have argued that flying cars culd be a green mde f transprt despite the large amunts f energy they need t get ff the grund.
One study int the envirnmental impact f such vertical(垂直的) takeff and landing (VTOL) vehicles suggests their backers culd be right — at least in sme circumstances.Gregry Keleian at the University f Michigan and clleagues fund that VTOLs,if they ever tk t the skies,wuld prduce 6 percent less emissins than an electric car ver a 100-kilmetre jurney.“The VTOL is particularly energy intensive (集中的) during takeff and landing.The flight phase,hwever,is much mre efficient,and ver lng distances,makes fully laded VTOLs cmpetitive with grund based vehicles,”says Keleian.Flying cars wuld als have the advantage f being able t fly in a straight line,by passing meandering rutes.
Hwever,dn’t act immediately.The difference was nly very small and there are several big catches.Flying cars dn’t really exist yet — they are nly at the prttype(蓝本) stage.The prttypes rely n electric pwer and act as a taxi,but anther issue is that the study is a bit f an apples-fr-ranges cmparisn.
The researchers assume that each electric car carries an average f 1.54 passengers while the passengers and drivers f the flying car are three and ne.The reasn fr this assumptin is that the flying car will prvide a shared taxi service like UberPl,but in fact electric cars can d the same.In additin’t due t the need fr energy during take ff,the emissins frm the flight belw 35km will be mre than thse f electric vehicles.
Keleian and his team cnclude flying cars culd have a minr rle in sustainable transprt.But even if they d prve t be green,they have a lt f ther hurdles t crss first.
【语篇解读】本文属于说明文,介绍飞行汽车的优势以及自身的问题。
32.Why d firms like the Rlls Ryce argue fr flying cars?
A.They are banana-pwered.
B.They are envirnmentally-friendly.
C.They run faster.
D.They need less energy t take ff.
答案B
解析推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知,像劳斯莱斯这样的公司都在讨论,飞行汽车可能是一种绿色的交通工具,对环境有好处。
33.What des Keleian’s study find abut the VTOL vehicles?
A.They are nearly perfect.
B.They are able t fly in a straight line.
C.They can win ut ver lng distances.
D.They can save 6% energy than electric cars.
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据第二段第四句可知,Keleian认为在飞行期间,VTOL更高效,在长途运输的时候,满载的VTOL更能够与传统的汽车相抗衡,所以C项正确。
34.What des the underlined wrd “catches” in Paragraph 3 refer t?
A.Prblems.
B.Advantages.
C.Differences.
D.Effrts.
答案A
解析词义猜测题。根据后文“Flying cars dn’t really exist yet — they are nly at the prttype stage.”可知,如今飞行汽车还停留在雏形阶段。由此猜测,catch意思为“缺陷,问题”。
35.What is the authr’s attitude t flying cars?
A.Dubtful.
B.Supprtive.
C.Disapprving.
D.Neutral.
答案D
解析推理判断题。分析文章可知,作者首先描述飞行汽车的优势,同时也指出,飞行汽车与电动汽车相比没有什么实质性的优点,故可知,作者对飞行汽车的态度是比较客观和中立的,故选D项。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Over the next 50 years,we are ging t send mre and better rbts t Mars. 36 There is a limit t what rbts can tell us,thugh,s eventually we will have t send peple t study the planet.
Befre peple can visit Mars,we need t invent a spaceship that can take us there. 37 Depending n where Mars and Earth are in their rbits arund the sun,it culd take between six mnths t a year t get there.
The mn is much clser,and we were there mre than 40 years ag.Over the next 10 years,we are ging t wrk n building a new spacecraft. 38
Once we return t the mn,we are ging t build a statin s that peple can live and wrk n the mn fr mnths at a time.This is imprtant s that we have a place t start frm when we want t visit Mars. 39
By the time yu are ld enugh t be an astrnaut,we will have peple spending mnths n the mn.By the time yu are ld enugh t be a cmmander f a space missin,we will be taking trips t Mars.By the time yur kids are ld enugh t be astrnauts,we may have peple living n Mars.Wuldn’t it be cl t get a pstcard frm smene wh was building a huse n Mars? 40
A.Mars is very far away.
B.Peple will g t live n Mars ne day.
C.Wuldn’t it be cler if it was yu wh sent the pstcard?
D.Using this craft,we will practice the skills we need t g t Mars.
E.Thse rbts will send back better pictures,maps,and weather reprts.
F.It wuld be pssible fr us t g t Mars in a spacecraft in the near future.
G.Hwever,it is als imprtant because it gives us practice with living away frm Earth.
答案与解析
【语篇解读】在探索火星的过程中,由于机器人本身所限,它们无法告诉人们想知道的一切,因此最终将会有人类登上火星并对它进行研究。
36.E 上文谈到“在未来50年我们将向火星发送更多更好的飞船”,选项E中提到“Thse rbts”,与上文意思自然衔接。
37.A 根据下文的“依据火星和地球在轨道中的位置,到达火星需要半年到一年的时间”可知,这里谈的是地球到火星的距离,所以A项符合。
38.D 根据上文的“we are ging t wrk n building a new spacecraft”可知,D项中的“Using this craft,...”与此语意相符。
39.G 上文提到“This is imprtant...”,G项中的“Hwever,it is als imprtant...”与上文形成排比关系。
40.C 解答该题的关键词是pstcard,C项“如果发贺卡的人是你那不是更酷吗?”语境相符。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Whenever I had nthing t d,a familiar depressin wuld climb n my back.I’d been this way fr mnths.S I went t my friend fr 41 ,wh lived n the tp f a steep hill.
My friend wasn’t in.The fg was rlling in.S I was 42 utside her huse waiting.Suddenly I saw a 43 dashing ut f the huse next dr.Hlding up his 44 hand,the man apprached me,crying.“Help! Finger.Cut.” I dialed 911 immediately.While waiting fr the 45 ,I nticed he hadn’t taken his cut finger and asked,“Where is it?” Frzen fr a while,he said with 46 ,“Maybe upstairs.” Hurrying int the huse I began t 47 the finger.In the kitchen a table saw lay n the flr.I lifted up each ft and lked underneath t ensure I wuldn’t 48 n it.Having searched carefully,I 49 it lying beside the table saw.I grabbed a paper twel,placed it ver the finger and picked it up cautiusly.After getting utside,I 50 the man,“Hang tight! The ambulance is n its way.”
Eventually the ambulance arrived.I handed the finger t the nurse and they 51 away.Suddenly I felt 52 helping smene in need,even if pushing three buttns n a 53 was all I did.I wuld keep n ding it.
Then ne day after the finger 54 ,I realised I had cmpletely frgtten t be 55 as I’d been busy playing the rle f lcal her.I wished I culd see him again t thank him,because when he lst his finger,he saved my life.
【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了作者在心情沮丧、情绪低落,到朋友那里去寻求帮助时,发生的一次意外事件。这使他认识到:帮助他人能够改变自己的心情,使自己更加积极地面对人生。
B.cnvenience
C.strengthD.help
答案D
解析根据上文中的“Whenever I had nthing t d,a familiar depressin wuld climb n my back.I’d been this way fr mnths.”可知,作者心情抑郁已有数月,所以去朋友家寻求帮助。help意为“帮助”,符合语境。
B.stuck
C.struckD.hurt
答案B
解析根据上文中的“My friend wasn’t in.”可知,作者的朋友不在家,再根据第一段中的“my lived n the tp f a steep hill”可知,这里是指作者被困在屋外等候朋友。stick意为“困住”,符合语境。
B.nurse
C.wmanD.friend
答案A
解析由上文语境可知,因为雾很大,所以作者看不清楚对方是谁,应该只是看到一个人影。figure意为“人影”,符合语境。
B.lst
C.cleverD.bleeding
答案D
解析根据下文中的“Help! Finger.Cut.”可知,那个人的手在流血。bleeding意为“流血的”,符合语境。
B.ambulance
C.vehicleD.car
答案B
解析根据上文中的“I dialed 911 immediately.”和下文中的“The ambulance is n its way.”可知,此时作者和伤者是在等待救护车。ambulance意为“救护车”,符合语境。
B.interest
C.uncertaintyD.guilt
答案C
解析根据下文中的“Maybe upstairs.”可知,那位受伤的人并不确定自己的断指在哪儿。uncertainty意为“迟疑;无把握”,符合语境。
B.examine
C.bserveD.lcate
答案D
解析根据语境可知,伤者没有把断指带出来,所以作者询问断指大概在哪里之后,匆忙跑到房子里去寻找。lcate意为“找出……的准确位置”,符合语境。
B.leave
C.fallD.hit
答案A
解析根据空前的“I lifted up each ft and lked underneath t...”可知,作者在厨房看见地上有一个锯台,所以很小心地寻找断指,每走一步都抬起脚来看看,确保自己不会踩到断指。step意为“踩;踏”,符合语境。
B.sptted
C.acceptedD.realised
答案B
解析根据下文中的“I grabbed a paper twel,placed it ver the finger and picked it up cautiusly.”可知,作者找到了断指。spt意为“发现”,符合语境。
B.treated
C.assistedD.prtected
答案A
解析根据“Hang tight! The ambulance is n its way.”可知,作者是在安慰那个人。cmfrt意为“安慰”,符合语境。
B.walked
C.drveD.dragged
答案C
解析根据语境可知,护士拿到断指后,救护车开走了。drive意为“开车”,符合语境。
B.strange
C.gdD.upset
答案C
解析根据语境可知,作者感觉帮助有需要的人很好。gd意为“好的”,符合语境。
B.phne
C.watchD.televisin
答案B
解析根据上文中的“I dialed 911 immediately.”可知,这里指在电话上按下“911”三个数字。phne意为“电话”,符合语境。
B.effect
C.peratinD.incident
答案D
解析根据语境可知,在断指那件事后的某一天,作者突然意识到自己因为忙着做善事,完全忘记了抑郁这件事。incident意为“事件”,符合语境。
B.cnfused
C.depressedD.shcked
答案C
解析根据文章第一段第一句中的“a familiar depressin”和空前的frgtten及空后的“I’d been busy playing the rle f lcal her”可知,作者忙于做善事,完全忘记了抑郁这件事。depressed意为“沮丧的”,符合语境。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Big Bang thery is science’s best explanatin f hw the universe began.The thery insists that ur universe 56. (create) when a tiny and super-ht mass explded and began expanding very rapidly.It 57. (final) cled and frmed int the stars and galaxies (银河系) with 58.we are familiar.It is said 59. the event happened apprximately 15 billin years ag.The event f the Big Bang was space itself expanding — perhaps at speeds 60.(great) than light.
Since the late 1960s,the Big Bang thery 61. (be) the main explanatin fr the birth f ur universe.Because 62. (physics) have nt yet fund a cnvincing thery that explains hw gravity perates,they are unable 63. (find) theries as t what happened after the Big Bang.At the very beginning,ur universe may have been an bject with nearly-infinite density,64. perhaps smething else.Our instruments and 65. (science) methds may need t be fully imprved befre any further prgress is made.
答案与解析
【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要对大爆炸理论进行了介绍。
56.was created 考查一般过去时的被动语态。universe与create之间是被动关系,且create所表示的动作发生在过去,故填was created。
57.finally 考查副词。设空处作状语修饰cled和frmed,故填finally。
58.which 考查关系代词。此处为由“介词+关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句,修饰先行词stars and galaxies,因该关系代词在从句中作介词with的宾语,故填which。
59.that 考查连接词。It is said that ...意为“据说”,其中It是形式主语,真正的主语是由that引导的从句。
60.greater 考查形容词比较级。由than可知,此处应用比较级形式,故填greater。
61.has been 考查现在完成时。由“Since the late 1960s”可知,此处应用现在完成时,故填has been。
62.physicists 考查名词。设空处作主语,表示“物理学家”,又因谓语动词为复数形式,故填physicists。
63.t find 考查不定式作宾语的用法。be unable t d sth意为“没有能力做某事”。
64.r 考查连词。由句意可知,an bject with nearly-infinite density与smething else之间是选择关系,故填r。
65.scientific 考查形容词作定语的用法。设空处作定语修饰methds,表示“科学的”,故填scientific。
第四部分 写作 (共两节,满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
假如你是李华,为了配合学校开展的“Green Actin fr the Earth”的活动,你校英语俱乐部张贴了一则海报招聘志愿者。请根据提示写一封申请信。
内容包括:
1.个人信息;
2.应聘资格;
3.希望被录用。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数;
3.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir r Madam,
Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
参考范文
Dear Sir r Madam,
I’m Li Hua,studying in Class 1,Grade 1.Seeing yur appealing pster titled “Green Actin fr the Earth”,I’m writing t apply fr the psitin.
I’m fully cnvinced that I pssess enugh qualificatins t be the required vlunteer.First f all,I nrmally participate in a variety f beneficial activities t preserve ur envirnment,which makes me mre experienced than thers.Besides,I succeeded in rganising a series f rewarding activities,including Saving Water,Green Travel and s n,equipping me with enugh knwledge and experience t be a qualified vlunteer.I’d appreciate it if yu culd take my applicatin int cnsideratin.I’m available fr an interview at any time.
Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
It was an Art lessn.Rachel sat at the desk watching her classmates busy preparing the water jars and paints.She understd why Mrs Westn asked her t sit dwn and gt Lisa t fetch everything fr her.It was always a disaster when Rachel tried t d Art!
Rachel sighed and reached ut t dip her brush in sme black paint and—h,n! She kncked ver the jar.The water spread acrss the desk and drwned the paper.Lisa called Mrs Westn t see what Rachel had dne.Rachel went red in the face.She jumped t her feet t get a clth.Her chair fell ver backwards.She turned rund and her paintbrush caught Lisa acrss the face,giving her a black mustache.Lisa was s surprised that she fell back against a wire bkstand.It came crashing dwn and the bks went all ver the flr.
Hw clumsy! Rachel thught as she went hme n the bus.The bus stpped utside her huse.She jumped up and her elbw (肘部) kncked a wman’s hat right ver her eyes.Oh,n! Rachel said srry,gt ff and ran indrs.Mum wasn’t in the kitchen but lay in bed as she caught an awful cld.Rachel ffered t make a cup f tea but Mum wuld rather wait fr Dad.Rachel sighed.She understd Mum was afraid she wuld spill (溅出) it.
“But wuld yu g t Mrs Willw fr sme cld cure?” asked Mum.Rachel turned t the dr at nce.“But Rachel,Mrs Willw’s huse is full f beautiful things,s if she asks yu t cme in,yu’d better say n.” Rachel sighed and ran ut.
Mrs Willw was an ld lady with white hair and sharp blue eyes living in an ld huse.She pened the dr and invited her in.Rachel said why she came and that she preferred t wait utside remembering her mther’s warning.Mrs Willw insisted Rachel cme inside.Rachel tk a deep breath and stepped in.She lked rund Mrs Willw’s sitting rm and saw at nce why Mum had been wrried.
Paragraph 1:
There were beautiful things everywhere—pretty china figures and delicate vases.
Paragraph 2:
With a smile Mrs Willw cmfrted her saying it had been brken befre.
参考范文
Paragraph 1:
There were beautiful things everywhere—pretty china figures and delicate vases.All the treasures seemed t bast a lng histry and thus priceless.“Ww,it is really a land f wnder.” Rachel culdn’t help admiring the elegance f the china figures and vases.Mm’s wrds eching in her mind,curisity still gt the upper hand.She reached fr ne f them,but unfrtunately,the vase slipped ff her hand and lay in pieces n the flr.Her heart missing a beat,she felt terribly wrried.
Paragraph 2:
With a smile,Mrs Willw cmfrted her,saying it had been brken befre.Seeing Mrs Willw’s sharp blue eyes filled with warmth and affectin,Rachel felt extremely regretful fr her clumsy behavir.“If I had been mre careful,the disaster wuldn’t have happened.” Rachel knew what Mrs Willw said might be an excuse t relieve her uneasiness and embarrassment.She made a reslutin in her heart that frm the day n she wuld never be s careless and swre t be a kind and thughtful persn like Mrs Willw.
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
W:S,hw did yur driver’s test g?Did yu get yur license?
M:This wasn’t the actual driver’s test.Tday was a written test.If I pass,then I can take the driver’s test.
1.What did the man d tday?
A.He tk a written test.
B.He passed the driver’s test.
C.He received his driver’s license.
答案A
M:Hney,the beef tastes s different tday.Hw did yu ck it?
W:Well,I cked it with sme beer.I learned it frm a ckery bk.
2.Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A.At hme. B.In a bar. C.In a restaurant.
答案A
W:Oh! I have t walk hme nw because I just missed the bus.
M:That’s t bad.Yu wuld have caught it if yu set ut a bit earlier.
3.Hw will the wman prbably g hme?
A.By car.B.By bus.C.On ft.
答案C
M:What happened t yu?
W:I went t the beach this weekend,and I gt sunburnt.I frgt t bring my hat and sunglasses.
M:Oh,I’m srry t hear that.
4.What happened t the wman?
A.She lst her hat.
B.She gt sunburnt.
C.She brke her sunglasses.
答案B
W:I dn’t believe a wrd yu are saying.Stp trying t be nice,and just tell me the truth.
M:I’m being hnest with yu! Why d yu always think I’m lying?
W:Because yu always tuch yur nse when yu lie!
5.Why des the wman think the man is lying?
A.He is a dishnest persn.
B.His bdy language tells it.
C.She has already knwn the truth.
答案B
第二节(共15 小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
M:S yu are new here?
W:Yes,I’d like t be yur secretary.
M:What wrk have yu dne befre?
W:I used t be a nurse fr six years.Then I wrked in a bank.Befre I came here,I was a manager in a large htel.Nw I’m a secretary.Yu knw,having been a secretary fr nearly ne year and a half,I think I’m nw rich in experience.
M:One and a half years?In Washingtn?
W:N,I had wrked in New Yrk fr nearly three years befre I came here five mnths ag.
6.What are the speakers ding?
A.Having a class.
B.Having an interview.
C.Having a meeting.
答案B
7.Hw lng has the wman been in Washingtn?
A.Fr 2 years.
B.Fr 1.5 years.
C.Fr 5 mnths.
答案C
听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
W:Hey,can’t yu be a bit faster?Yu’re making the whle grup wait fr yu.
M:Hw can yu blame it n me?I’m having truble perating this machine.It is designed fr yu,right-handers.
W:Yu always cmplain abut these machines.But yu are nt the nly ne using the left hand.T tell yu the truth,I’m als left-handed.
M:Yu are?
W:Yeah.Yu shuld spend sme time getting used t it in advance.Then yu can d it quickly.
M:OK,I will try.
8.What are the speakers talking abut?
A.Using the left hand.
B.Operating machines.
C.Designing machines.
答案B
9.Wh is the machine designed fr?
A.Right-handers.
B.Left-handers.
C.Newcmers.
答案A
10.What can we learn frm the cnversatin?
A.Left-handers can’t run the machines.
B.The wman nly uses her right hand.
C.The wman is mre skillful than the man.
答案C
听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
M:Gd evening,madam.May I help yu?
W:Yes,please.I’d like t have a bigger rm.Yu knw,yu didn’t have bigger nes when I checked in because Lndn Exprt Cmmdities Fair was being held,s I’ve been staying in a small ne these days.
M:I see.The fair was ver yesterday.Nw we d have vacant bigger rms.When d yu want t change yur rm?
W:Tmrrw evening.
M:I’d like t let yu knw that the check-ut time is 12:00 in the middle f the day.
W:I see.What’s the rate fr a bigger rm?
M:￡40 per night.By the way,wuld yu like a rm facing the Thames River r a rm facing the Big Ben?
W:I’d prefer a rm facing the Thames River.
11.What des the wman want t d?
A.Bk a rm.
B.Change rms.
C.Check ut.
答案B
12.When is the check-ut time?
A.12:00 at nn.
B.10:00 in the mrning.
C.2:00 in the afternn.
答案A
13.What kind f rm des the wman like?
A.One facing the Big Ben.
B.One facing the Thames River.
C.One facing the Lndn Bridge.
答案B
听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。
M:Hey,Ivanna! Hw’s it ging?
W:Gd! I haven’t seen yu fr a while,Frank.Where have yu been?
M:I jined a new club.
W:Really?Like a health club?
M:N,a club fr peple wh have the same hbby.In my case,it’s sccer! And it’s fun.
W:Well,at least yu’re having fun.Studying fr finals is taking up all my time.And I have a jb nw,t.
M:Oh,great! Where are yu wrking?
W:At a little café dwntwn.My parents tld me t stp asking them fr mney,s I’m wrking ver the summer.I pened my wn bank accunt s I can depsit whatever I dn’t spend.
M:Ww! Yu’re s mature.My parents culd hang a sign ver my dr telling me the same thing,and I’d walk right past it every day.
W:Everyne is different.Yu stay in great shape.
M:Yeah,but yu always turn yur hmewrk in n time.I never plan ahead.I frget abut it until the night befre.
W:Well,I always d a little bit at a time,s I dn’t get stressed ut.Maybe yu shuld try that.
14.What did Frank just jin?
A.A health club.
B.A sccer club.
C.A study grup.
答案B
15.Why did the wman get a part-time jb?
A.T help her parents with expenses.
B.T save up fr an apartment.
C.T be mre independent.
答案C
16.What des the wman advise the man t d?
A.D his hmewrk little by little.
B.Help her with her hmewrk.
C.Listen t his parents mre.
答案A
17.What des the wman d?
A.She is a bank clerk.
B.She is a student.
C.She is a waitress.
答案B
听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。
Gd mrning! Befre the exam begins,I’d like t g ver sme infrmatin with yu.First f all,this is the Academic Test f English fr Internatinal Students,and
this is Rm 405.If yu are here fr the SAT,please g t Rm 204.If yu are here fr the GRE,g t Rm 307.Okay,then,the rest f yu are here fr the English test.
S,t begin with,yu shall nt take anything with yu int the testing rms.That means mbile phnes,iPads,pens,paper,pencils,etc.Yu will each be given a lcker and a key.Yu shuld put all f yur belngings in the lckers.While yu are waiting t be called fr yur speaking test,yu shall ask ne f the mnitrs fr permissin t use the restrm.Only ne female and ne male candidate will be allwed t use the facilities separately at a time.Als,nce yur name and number have been called,yu must g directly t yur testing rm.
18.Which rm is fr the Academic Test f English?
A.Rm 204.
B.Rm 307.
C.Rm 405.
答案C
19.Where shuld the students put all their belngings?
A.In the lckers with keys.
B.On the chairs utside the testing rms.
C.In the frnt f the testing rm.
答案A
20.What must the students d if they want t use the restrm?
A.G with a mnitr.
B.Wait t be called.
C.Ask fr permissin.
答案C
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
(2019·山东师大附中高一下期末)
Can yu imagine a clud flating in the middle f yur rm?D yu want t knw what it feels like t fly like a bird?Find yur answers in Time Magazine’s 25 “Best Inventins”.Here,we have picked ut the mst interesting 4 t share with yu.
Talking Glves
Ever felt cnfused by the sign language used by disabled peple?Here is the “helping hand” yu need.Fur Ukrainian students have created a pair f glves that helps peple with hearing and speech prblems cmmunicate with thers.The glves are equipped with sensrs that recgnise sign language and translate it int text n a smartphne.Then the smartphne changes the text t spken wrds.
Ggle Glasses
Ggle Glasses are like a cmputer built int the frame f a pair f glasses.With its 1.3-centimeter display,the glasses allw yu t surf the Internet and make calls withut even lifting a finger.The glasses als have a camera and GPS mapping system.Users can take and share phts,check maps and surf the Internet just by lking up,dwn,left and right.
Indr Cluds
It’s nt virtual.That’s a real wrld.Dutch artist Smilde managed t create a small but perfect white clud in the middle f a rm using a fg machine.But it required careful planning—the temperature,humidity(湿度)and lighting all had t be just right.Once everything was ready,the clud frmed in the air with the machine.But it nly lasted fr a shrt while.
Wingsuits
The suit fulfills yur dreams f flying like a bird.Well,nt exactly flying,but gliding(滑翔)thrugh the air.It increases the surface area f the human bdy,which makes it easier fr peple t flat in the air.Fliers wearing wingsuits can glide ne kilmeter in abut 30 secnds.
【语篇解读】本文讲述了一些有趣的发明:会说话的手套、谷歌眼镜、室内云朵和翼服等。
21.Wh will prbably be the users f “Talking Glves”?
A.Disabled peple.
B.Nrmal peple.
C.Trained peple.
D.Wrking peple.
答案C
解析推理判断题。根据第二段第四句“The glves are equipped with sensrs that recgnise sign language and translate it int text n a smartphne.”可知,这个手套上装有传感器,能把手语转换成智能手机短信。由此推测,它是为正常人设计的。
22.Hw can users f Ggle Glasses surf the Internet?
A.By mving the muse.
B.By tapping the keybard.
C.By pressing the buttn.
D.By mving the eyeballs.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Users can take and share phts,check maps and surf the Interact just by lking up,dwn,left and right.”可知,用户通过上下左右看就可以照相、分享照片和上网。
23.Which f the fllwing can help yu fly?
A.Talking Glves.
B.Ggle Glasses.
C.Wingsuits.
D.Indr Cluds.
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“The suit fulfills yur dreams f flying like a bird.”可知,Wingsuits可以帮你飞翔。
B
Every mrning,little Sebastiana Balistreri makes the day f bus driver Jhn Reed.The Milwaukee kid is knwn t wave and jump up and dwn as Reed’s bus pulls up t her stp.S when Reed’s rute changed,he knew he had t deliver a prper gdbye t the 4-year-ld,his favrite passenger,fr all the sweet memries frm the little angel.
“Gd mrning,sweetie!” he greeted the child and her mm,Tracy.“Oh my Gd.Hw are yu?I gt yu a card.I gt yu a clring bk and there’s smething else in there fr yu,”he tld Sebastiana as he handed her a gdie bag.
The sweet mment was recrded by security cameras inside the bus.
“My daughter is very happy,”Tracy tld InsideEditin.cm Friday.“That’s just the way she is.In the mrning,when she sees him cming,she gets very excited.They just develped a friendship.”
Inside Sebastiana’s card,Reed wrte:“I can hnestly say that ver the past mnths yu have been my favrite bus passenger.Yur happy smile and warm everyday Gd Mrnings have brightened my everyday.I want t thank yu fr being a GREAT EXAMPLE fr thers t fllw.”
Reed was very kind t little Sebastiana and the ther passengers.That’s what made Tracy s impressed.S she tk t her Facebk accunt t explain her daughter’s special cnnectin t the bus driver.
“Every mrning Sebastiana and I take the city bus t schl and wrk,”she wrte.“We try t always take the same bus because we made friends with the driver Jhn.”
“She is always super excited t see him.She always wishes him a gd mrning,and tells him the latest news in her 4-year-ld life.She wrte him a Valentine,and he gave her ne t.They are best friends.”
【语篇解读】四岁的小塞巴斯蒂亚娜·巴利斯特里每天都乘坐约翰·里德驾驶的公共汽车去上学。巴利斯特里和约翰·里德建立了深厚的友谊,成了最好的朋友。当里德的路线改变时,他知道他必须向最喜欢的乘客道别。虽离别,情依然,再见依然是朋友。
24.Hw des Sebastiana feel when she sees Read’s bus cming?
A.Relieved.
B.Cnfident.
C.Thrilled.
D.Cncerned.
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据第一段的“The Milwaukee kid is knwn t wave and jump up and dwn as Reed’s bus pulls up t her stp.”以及最后一段的“She is always super excited t see him.”可知,塞巴斯蒂亚娜见到里德的车开过来就非常兴奋,所以选C项。
25.Why did Reed decide t say gdbye t little Sebastiana Balistreri?
A.The girl n lnger tk his bus.
B.He had his bus rute shifted.
C.He changed his present jb.
D.He was transferred t anther cmpany.
答案B
解析推理判断题。根据“S when Reed’s rute changed,he knew he had t deliver a prper gdbye t the 4-year-ld,...”可知,其原因是他的行车线路变了。
26.What left the deepest impressin n Tracy?
A.Reed’s kindness.
B.Reed’s driving skills.
C.Reed’s enthusiasm.
D.Reed’s happy smiles.
答案A
解析细节理解题。根据“Reed was very kind t little Sebastiana and the ther passengers.That’s what made Tracy s impressed.”可知,A项正确。
27.Which f the fllwing can best serve as the main idea f the text?
A.True friendship is a plant f slw grwth.
B.Learn t lve yurself and t frgive yurself.
C.Friendship is a single sul living in tw caring bdies.
D.Understanding is nt a respnsibility,but an pprtunity.
答案C
解析主旨大意题。四岁的小塞巴斯蒂亚娜·巴利斯特里每天都乘坐约翰·里德驾驶的公共汽车去上学。巴利斯特里和约翰·里德建立了深厚的友谊,成了最好的朋友。当里德的路线改变时,他知道他必须向最喜欢的乘客道别。虽离别,情依然,再见依然是朋友。由此可知,C项可作为文章的主旨。
C
Bacteria are an annying prblem fr astrnauts.The micrrganisms(微生物) frm ur bdies grw uncntrllably n surfaces f the Internatinal Space Statin,s astrnauts spend hurs cleaning them up each week.Hw is NASA vercming this very tiny big prblem?It’s turning t a bunch f high schl kids.But nt just any kids.It depending n NASA HUNCH high schl class,like the ne science teachers Gene Grdn and Dnna Himmelberg lead at Fairprt High Schl in Fairprt,New Yrk.
HUNCH is designed t cnnect high schl classrms with NASA engineers.Fr the past tw years,Grdn’s students have been studying ways t kill bacteria in zer gravity,and they think they’re clse t a slutin.“We dn’t give the students any breaks.They have t d it just like NASA engineers,” says Flrence Gld,a prject manager.
“There are n tests,” Grdn says.“There is n graded hmewrk.There almst are n grades,ther than ‘Are yu wrking twards yur gal?’ Basically,it’s ‘I’ve gt t prduce this prduct and then,at the end f year,present it t NASA.’ Engineers cme and really d an in-persn review,’s nt a very nice thing at time.It’s a hard business review f yur prduct.”
Grdn says the HUNCH prgram has an impact(影响) n cllege admissins and practical life skills.“These kids are s absrbed in their studies that I just sit back.I dn’t teach.” And that annying bacteria?Grdn says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers abut the prblem,readying a wrkable slutin t test in space.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国一所中学与NASA合作的科研项目HUNCH,鼓励学生开发创新思维,培养实际生活技能。
28.What d we knw abut the bacteria in the Internatinal Space Statin?
A.They are hard t get rid f.
B.They lead t air pllutin.
C.They appear different frms.
D.They damage the instruments.
答案A
解析推理判断题。根据第一段的第二句提到的“来自我们身体的微生物在国际空间站的表面无法控制地生长,所以宇航员每周要花几个小时来清理它们。”可知,在国际空间站,很难除掉细菌。
29.What is the purpse f the HUNCH prgram?
A.T strengthen teacher-student relatinships.
B.T sharpen students’ cmmunicatin skills.
C.T allw students t experience zer gravity.
D.T link space technlgy with schl educatin.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“HUNCH is designed t cnnect high schl classrms with NASA engineers.”可知,该项目设计的目的是把教室和NASA的工程师们连接起来。分析选项可知,D项与该意思一致。
30.What d the NASA engineers d fr the students in the prgram?
A.Check their prduct.
B.Guide prject designs
C.Adjust wrk schedules.
D.Grade their hmewrk.
答案A
解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“‘I’ve gt t prduce this prduct and then,at the end f the year,present it t NASA.’Engineers cme and really d an in-persn review...”可知,NASA的工程师们要亲自检查他们的成果。
31.What is the best title fr the text?
A.NASA:The Hme f Astrnauts.
B.Space:The Final Hmewrk Frntier.
C.Nature:An Outdr Classrm.
D.HUNCH:A Cllege Admissin Refrm.
答案B
解析主旨大意题。通读全文并结合文章的最后一句可知,戈登的学生每天都会给NASA的工程师发邮件,讨论这个问题,为太空测试准备一个可行的解决方案,故B项“太空:最后的作业前沿”作为文章的标题最合适。
D
Like Marty McFly’s banana-pwered DeLrean (德罗宁时光机),a future generatin f flying cars culd tip ver the idea that all flying is bad fr the climate.Firms such as the Rlls Ryce,Lilium and Vertical Aerspace have argued that flying cars culd be a green mde f transprt despite the large amunts f energy they need t get ff the grund.
One study int the envirnmental impact f such vertical(垂直的) takeff and landing (VTOL) vehicles suggests their backers culd be right — at least in sme circumstances.Gregry Keleian at the University f Michigan and clleagues fund that VTOLs,if they ever tk t the skies,wuld prduce 6 percent less emissins than an electric car ver a 100-kilmetre jurney.“The VTOL is particularly energy intensive (集中的) during takeff and landing.The flight phase,hwever,is much mre efficient,and ver lng distances,makes fully laded VTOLs cmpetitive with grund based vehicles,”says Keleian.Flying cars wuld als have the advantage f being able t fly in a straight line,by passing meandering rutes.
Hwever,dn’t act immediately.The difference was nly very small and there are several big catches.Flying cars dn’t really exist yet — they are nly at the prttype(蓝本) stage.The prttypes rely n electric pwer and act as a taxi,but anther issue is that the study is a bit f an apples-fr-ranges cmparisn.
The researchers assume that each electric car carries an average f 1.54 passengers while the passengers and drivers f the flying car are three and ne.The reasn fr this assumptin is that the flying car will prvide a shared taxi service like UberPl,but in fact electric cars can d the same.In additin’t due t the need fr energy during take ff,the emissins frm the flight belw 35km will be mre than thse f electric vehicles.
Keleian and his team cnclude flying cars culd have a minr rle in sustainable transprt.But even if they d prve t be green,they have a lt f ther hurdles t crss first.
【语篇解读】本文属于说明文,介绍飞行汽车的优势以及自身的问题。
32.Why d firms like the Rlls Ryce argue fr flying cars?
A.They are banana-pwered.
B.They are envirnmentally-friendly.
C.They run faster.
D.They need less energy t take ff.
答案B
解析推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知,像劳斯莱斯这样的公司都在讨论,飞行汽车可能是一种绿色的交通工具,对环境有好处。
33.What des Keleian’s study find abut the VTOL vehicles?
A.They are nearly perfect.
B.They are able t fly in a straight line.
C.They can win ut ver lng distances.
D.They can save 6% energy than electric cars.
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据第二段第四句可知,Keleian认为在飞行期间,VTOL更高效,在长途运输的时候,满载的VTOL更能够与传统的汽车相抗衡,所以C项正确。
34.What des the underlined wrd “catches” in Paragraph 3 refer t?
A.Prblems.
B.Advantages.
C.Differences.
D.Effrts.
答案A
解析词义猜测题。根据后文“Flying cars dn’t really exist yet — they are nly at the prttype stage.”可知,如今飞行汽车还停留在雏形阶段。由此猜测,catch意思为“缺陷,问题”。
35.What is the authr’s attitude t flying cars?
A.Dubtful.
B.Supprtive.
C.Disapprving.
D.Neutral.
答案D
解析推理判断题。分析文章可知,作者首先描述飞行汽车的优势,同时也指出,飞行汽车与电动汽车相比没有什么实质性的优点,故可知,作者对飞行汽车的态度是比较客观和中立的,故选D项。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Over the next 50 years,we are ging t send mre and better rbts t Mars. 36 There is a limit t what rbts can tell us,thugh,s eventually we will have t send peple t study the planet.
Befre peple can visit Mars,we need t invent a spaceship that can take us there. 37 Depending n where Mars and Earth are in their rbits arund the sun,it culd take between six mnths t a year t get there.
The mn is much clser,and we were there mre than 40 years ag.Over the next 10 years,we are ging t wrk n building a new spacecraft. 38
Once we return t the mn,we are ging t build a statin s that peple can live and wrk n the mn fr mnths at a time.This is imprtant s that we have a place t start frm when we want t visit Mars. 39
By the time yu are ld enugh t be an astrnaut,we will have peple spending mnths n the mn.By the time yu are ld enugh t be a cmmander f a space missin,we will be taking trips t Mars.By the time yur kids are ld enugh t be astrnauts,we may have peple living n Mars.Wuldn’t it be cl t get a pstcard frm smene wh was building a huse n Mars? 40
A.Mars is very far away.
B.Peple will g t live n Mars ne day.
C.Wuldn’t it be cler if it was yu wh sent the pstcard?
D.Using this craft,we will practice the skills we need t g t Mars.
E.Thse rbts will send back better pictures,maps,and weather reprts.
F.It wuld be pssible fr us t g t Mars in a spacecraft in the near future.
G.Hwever,it is als imprtant because it gives us practice with living away frm Earth.
答案与解析
【语篇解读】在探索火星的过程中,由于机器人本身所限,它们无法告诉人们想知道的一切,因此最终将会有人类登上火星并对它进行研究。
36.E 上文谈到“在未来50年我们将向火星发送更多更好的飞船”,选项E中提到“Thse rbts”,与上文意思自然衔接。
37.A 根据下文的“依据火星和地球在轨道中的位置,到达火星需要半年到一年的时间”可知,这里谈的是地球到火星的距离,所以A项符合。
38.D 根据上文的“we are ging t wrk n building a new spacecraft”可知,D项中的“Using this craft,...”与此语意相符。
39.G 上文提到“This is imprtant...”,G项中的“Hwever,it is als imprtant...”与上文形成排比关系。
40.C 解答该题的关键词是pstcard,C项“如果发贺卡的人是你那不是更酷吗?”语境相符。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Whenever I had nthing t d,a familiar depressin wuld climb n my back.I’d been this way fr mnths.S I went t my friend fr 41 ,wh lived n the tp f a steep hill.
My friend wasn’t in.The fg was rlling in.S I was 42 utside her huse waiting.Suddenly I saw a 43 dashing ut f the huse next dr.Hlding up his 44 hand,the man apprached me,crying.“Help! Finger.Cut.” I dialed 911 immediately.While waiting fr the 45 ,I nticed he hadn’t taken his cut finger and asked,“Where is it?” Frzen fr a while,he said with 46 ,“Maybe upstairs.” Hurrying int the huse I began t 47 the finger.In the kitchen a table saw lay n the flr.I lifted up each ft and lked underneath t ensure I wuldn’t 48 n it.Having searched carefully,I 49 it lying beside the table saw.I grabbed a paper twel,placed it ver the finger and picked it up cautiusly.After getting utside,I 50 the man,“Hang tight! The ambulance is n its way.”
Eventually the ambulance arrived.I handed the finger t the nurse and they 51 away.Suddenly I felt 52 helping smene in need,even if pushing three buttns n a 53 was all I did.I wuld keep n ding it.
Then ne day after the finger 54 ,I realised I had cmpletely frgtten t be 55 as I’d been busy playing the rle f lcal her.I wished I culd see him again t thank him,because when he lst his finger,he saved my life.
【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了作者在心情沮丧、情绪低落,到朋友那里去寻求帮助时,发生的一次意外事件。这使他认识到:帮助他人能够改变自己的心情,使自己更加积极地面对人生。
B.cnvenience
C.strengthD.help
答案D
解析根据上文中的“Whenever I had nthing t d,a familiar depressin wuld climb n my back.I’d been this way fr mnths.”可知,作者心情抑郁已有数月,所以去朋友家寻求帮助。help意为“帮助”,符合语境。
B.stuck
C.struckD.hurt
答案B
解析根据上文中的“My friend wasn’t in.”可知,作者的朋友不在家,再根据第一段中的“my lived n the tp f a steep hill”可知,这里是指作者被困在屋外等候朋友。stick意为“困住”,符合语境。
B.nurse
C.wmanD.friend
答案A
解析由上文语境可知,因为雾很大,所以作者看不清楚对方是谁,应该只是看到一个人影。figure意为“人影”,符合语境。
B.lst
C.cleverD.bleeding
答案D
解析根据下文中的“Help! Finger.Cut.”可知,那个人的手在流血。bleeding意为“流血的”,符合语境。
B.ambulance
C.vehicleD.car
答案B
解析根据上文中的“I dialed 911 immediately.”和下文中的“The ambulance is n its way.”可知,此时作者和伤者是在等待救护车。ambulance意为“救护车”,符合语境。
B.interest
C.uncertaintyD.guilt
答案C
解析根据下文中的“Maybe upstairs.”可知,那位受伤的人并不确定自己的断指在哪儿。uncertainty意为“迟疑;无把握”,符合语境。
B.examine
C.bserveD.lcate
答案D
解析根据语境可知,伤者没有把断指带出来,所以作者询问断指大概在哪里之后,匆忙跑到房子里去寻找。lcate意为“找出……的准确位置”,符合语境。
B.leave
C.fallD.hit
答案A
解析根据空前的“I lifted up each ft and lked underneath t...”可知,作者在厨房看见地上有一个锯台,所以很小心地寻找断指,每走一步都抬起脚来看看,确保自己不会踩到断指。step意为“踩;踏”,符合语境。
B.sptted
C.acceptedD.realised
答案B
解析根据下文中的“I grabbed a paper twel,placed it ver the finger and picked it up cautiusly.”可知,作者找到了断指。spt意为“发现”,符合语境。
B.treated
C.assistedD.prtected
答案A
解析根据“Hang tight! The ambulance is n its way.”可知,作者是在安慰那个人。cmfrt意为“安慰”,符合语境。
B.walked
C.drveD.dragged
答案C
解析根据语境可知,护士拿到断指后,救护车开走了。drive意为“开车”,符合语境。
B.strange
C.gdD.upset
答案C
解析根据语境可知,作者感觉帮助有需要的人很好。gd意为“好的”,符合语境。
B.phne
C.watchD.televisin
答案B
解析根据上文中的“I dialed 911 immediately.”可知,这里指在电话上按下“911”三个数字。phne意为“电话”,符合语境。
B.effect
C.peratinD.incident
答案D
解析根据语境可知,在断指那件事后的某一天,作者突然意识到自己因为忙着做善事,完全忘记了抑郁这件事。incident意为“事件”,符合语境。
B.cnfused
C.depressedD.shcked
答案C
解析根据文章第一段第一句中的“a familiar depressin”和空前的frgtten及空后的“I’d been busy playing the rle f lcal her”可知,作者忙于做善事,完全忘记了抑郁这件事。depressed意为“沮丧的”,符合语境。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Big Bang thery is science’s best explanatin f hw the universe began.The thery insists that ur universe 56. (create) when a tiny and super-ht mass explded and began expanding very rapidly.It 57. (final) cled and frmed int the stars and galaxies (银河系) with 58.we are familiar.It is said 59. the event happened apprximately 15 billin years ag.The event f the Big Bang was space itself expanding — perhaps at speeds 60.(great) than light.
Since the late 1960s,the Big Bang thery 61. (be) the main explanatin fr the birth f ur universe.Because 62. (physics) have nt yet fund a cnvincing thery that explains hw gravity perates,they are unable 63. (find) theries as t what happened after the Big Bang.At the very beginning,ur universe may have been an bject with nearly-infinite density,64. perhaps smething else.Our instruments and 65. (science) methds may need t be fully imprved befre any further prgress is made.
答案与解析
【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要对大爆炸理论进行了介绍。
56.was created 考查一般过去时的被动语态。universe与create之间是被动关系,且create所表示的动作发生在过去,故填was created。
57.finally 考查副词。设空处作状语修饰cled和frmed,故填finally。
58.which 考查关系代词。此处为由“介词+关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句,修饰先行词stars and galaxies,因该关系代词在从句中作介词with的宾语,故填which。
59.that 考查连接词。It is said that ...意为“据说”,其中It是形式主语,真正的主语是由that引导的从句。
60.greater 考查形容词比较级。由than可知,此处应用比较级形式,故填greater。
61.has been 考查现在完成时。由“Since the late 1960s”可知,此处应用现在完成时,故填has been。
62.physicists 考查名词。设空处作主语,表示“物理学家”,又因谓语动词为复数形式,故填physicists。
63.t find 考查不定式作宾语的用法。be unable t d sth意为“没有能力做某事”。
64.r 考查连词。由句意可知,an bject with nearly-infinite density与smething else之间是选择关系,故填r。
65.scientific 考查形容词作定语的用法。设空处作定语修饰methds,表示“科学的”,故填scientific。
第四部分 写作 (共两节,满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
假如你是李华,为了配合学校开展的“Green Actin fr the Earth”的活动,你校英语俱乐部张贴了一则海报招聘志愿者。请根据提示写一封申请信。
内容包括:
1.个人信息;
2.应聘资格;
3.希望被录用。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数;
3.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir r Madam,
Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
参考范文
Dear Sir r Madam,
I’m Li Hua,studying in Class 1,Grade 1.Seeing yur appealing pster titled “Green Actin fr the Earth”,I’m writing t apply fr the psitin.
I’m fully cnvinced that I pssess enugh qualificatins t be the required vlunteer.First f all,I nrmally participate in a variety f beneficial activities t preserve ur envirnment,which makes me mre experienced than thers.Besides,I succeeded in rganising a series f rewarding activities,including Saving Water,Green Travel and s n,equipping me with enugh knwledge and experience t be a qualified vlunteer.I’d appreciate it if yu culd take my applicatin int cnsideratin.I’m available fr an interview at any time.
Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
It was an Art lessn.Rachel sat at the desk watching her classmates busy preparing the water jars and paints.She understd why Mrs Westn asked her t sit dwn and gt Lisa t fetch everything fr her.It was always a disaster when Rachel tried t d Art!
Rachel sighed and reached ut t dip her brush in sme black paint and—h,n! She kncked ver the jar.The water spread acrss the desk and drwned the paper.Lisa called Mrs Westn t see what Rachel had dne.Rachel went red in the face.She jumped t her feet t get a clth.Her chair fell ver backwards.She turned rund and her paintbrush caught Lisa acrss the face,giving her a black mustache.Lisa was s surprised that she fell back against a wire bkstand.It came crashing dwn and the bks went all ver the flr.
Hw clumsy! Rachel thught as she went hme n the bus.The bus stpped utside her huse.She jumped up and her elbw (肘部) kncked a wman’s hat right ver her eyes.Oh,n! Rachel said srry,gt ff and ran indrs.Mum wasn’t in the kitchen but lay in bed as she caught an awful cld.Rachel ffered t make a cup f tea but Mum wuld rather wait fr Dad.Rachel sighed.She understd Mum was afraid she wuld spill (溅出) it.
“But wuld yu g t Mrs Willw fr sme cld cure?” asked Mum.Rachel turned t the dr at nce.“But Rachel,Mrs Willw’s huse is full f beautiful things,s if she asks yu t cme in,yu’d better say n.” Rachel sighed and ran ut.
Mrs Willw was an ld lady with white hair and sharp blue eyes living in an ld huse.She pened the dr and invited her in.Rachel said why she came and that she preferred t wait utside remembering her mther’s warning.Mrs Willw insisted Rachel cme inside.Rachel tk a deep breath and stepped in.She lked rund Mrs Willw’s sitting rm and saw at nce why Mum had been wrried.
Paragraph 1:
There were beautiful things everywhere—pretty china figures and delicate vases.
Paragraph 2:
With a smile Mrs Willw cmfrted her saying it had been brken befre.
参考范文
Paragraph 1:
There were beautiful things everywhere—pretty china figures and delicate vases.All the treasures seemed t bast a lng histry and thus priceless.“Ww,it is really a land f wnder.” Rachel culdn’t help admiring the elegance f the china figures and vases.Mm’s wrds eching in her mind,curisity still gt the upper hand.She reached fr ne f them,but unfrtunately,the vase slipped ff her hand and lay in pieces n the flr.Her heart missing a beat,she felt terribly wrried.
Paragraph 2:
With a smile,Mrs Willw cmfrted her,saying it had been brken befre.Seeing Mrs Willw’s sharp blue eyes filled with warmth and affectin,Rachel felt extremely regretful fr her clumsy behavir.“If I had been mre careful,the disaster wuldn’t have happened.” Rachel knew what Mrs Willw said might be an excuse t relieve her uneasiness and embarrassment.She made a reslutin in her heart that frm the day n she wuld never be s careless and swre t be a kind and thughtful persn like Mrs Willw.
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