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    专题02 阅读理解记叙文-备战2023-2024学年高二英语上学期期末真题分类汇编(北京专用)(解析版)

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    专题02 阅读理解记叙文-备战2023-2024学年高二英语上学期期末真题分类汇编(北京专用)(解析版)

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    这是一份专题02 阅读理解记叙文-备战2023-2024学年高二英语上学期期末真题分类汇编(北京专用)(解析版),共20页。试卷主要包含了Marathn Man等内容,欢迎下载使用。

    1.(2023上·北京·高二北京师大附中校考期末)Open water swimming
    I had nly swum in pen water a few times, and always in gentle lakes, s I wasn’t prepared fr hw rugh Lake Windermere appeared n a cld day. A swimmer tld me the water felt clder than it had been measured, and that the water was a bit rugh. But I, alng with 10,000 thers, was abut t cmplete the challenge.
    Mst f the peple taking part were ding a ne-mile race, and 10 races were planned ver the weekend. There seemed t be a mix f pen-water enthusiasts alngside cmplete beginners — which is precisely the aim f the swims, t get as many peple as pssible cmpleting their wn challenge. The ldest wman cmpeting was 77, taking part in the tw-mile race, alngside a man wh last year had swum in every ne-mile race.
    I had chsen the third ne-mile race f the day. There were ver 600 peple in my race. We were taken thrugh a preparatin area, a children’s paddling pl-sized part f the lake where we mved in t feel hw cld the water was. “Nt t bad” was everyne’s thught! Then we headed ut twards the middle f the lake.
    We’d been warned that the first 100 meters wuld be really rugh. Hwever, smewhere near the 750m mark I was still waiting fr the calm; it felt mre like swimming in the sea than a lake. I tried t fcus n my breathing and technique, and just keep ging. As I apprached the 400m-t-g mark my lwer right leg became painful. I recalled verhearing peple talking abut hw they kept swimming thrugh the pain, s I tried. But it didn’t wrk. I began t feel the entire leg tight and painful. I didn’t want t stp, s I bent my right knee and just kicked with the left leg.
    Finally, I saw the finishing pst, and I just cncentrated n getting there — still ne-legged. My finishing time was 38 minutes 25 secnds but that didn’t matter — the atmsphere was fantastic and everyne felt a sense f achievement, whatever their time. I’m attracted and want t give it anther g. I’ve already signed up fr my next pen-water swim.
    1.Hw did the authr feel befre the race?
    A.Scared f the mst challenging race.
    B.Disappinted by the difficult cnditins.
    C.Determined t be as tugh as the peple arund her.
    D.Cncerned abut the ther swimmers in the race.
    2.Why des the authr mentin the tw peple in Paragraph 2?
    A.T stress the imprtance f the race.
    B.T praise the experienced swimmers.
    C.T intrduce the varius events f the race.
    D.T shw the wide range f the participants.
    3.The authr suggests in Paragraph 4 that ________.
    A.the race wuld cause breathing prblems
    B.the race became harder than she had expected
    C.it wuld have been easier if she had taken thers’ advice
    D.it was really necessary t prepare fr tugh swims
    4.What des the authr talk abut in the last paragraph?
    A.Her cnfidence in her wn ability.
    B.Her pride in having swum s quickly.
    C.Her surprise at having managed t finish.
    D.Her eagerness t repeat the experience.
    【答案】1.C 2.D 3.B 4.D
    【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章描述了作者参加一英里的天然水域游泳的经历,最终成功到达终点线的故事。
    1.推理判断题。根据第一段“But I, alng with 10,000 thers, was abut t cmplete the challenge.(但我和其他10000人即将完成挑战)”可推知,作者和其他人一样坚定地要完成这项运动。故选C项。
    2.推理判断题。根据第二段“There seemed t be a mix f pen-water enthusiasts alngside cmplete beginners — which is precisely the aim f the swims, t get as many peple as pssible cmpleting their wn challenge. The ldest wman cmpeting was 77, taking part in the tw-mile race, alngside a man wh last year had swum in every ne-mile race.(似乎有一群开放水域爱好者和完全的初学者,这正是游泳的目的,让尽可能多的人完成自己的挑战。参加比赛的年龄最大的女性是77岁,她参加了两英里的比赛,而去年一名男子参加了每一英里的比赛)”可推知,作者提及两人是为了说明该比赛参与者范围很广。故选D项。
    3.推理判断题。根据第四段“I recalled verhearing peple talking abut hw they kept swimming thrugh the pain, s I tried. But it didn’t wrk. I began t feel the entire leg tight and painful.(我想起了那些人提及的克服水中抽筋的技巧,但是没有作用,我感觉整条腿开始紧张疼痛)”可推知,这次比赛比她想象的要艰难。故选B项。
    4.细节理解题。根据最后一段“I’m attracted and want t give it anther g. I’ve already signed up fr my next pen-water swim.(我被吸引住了,想要再尝试一次,准备好为下一次游泳比赛报名)”可知,作者在最后一段谈到了她渴望重复这段经历。故选D项。
    2.(2023上·北京昌平·高二统考期末)Alejandr Buxtn’s candle business started with a headache. The 12-year-ld’s mm suffers frm allergies, and smething in their huse was causing her head t hurt. After ging t the hspital, they discvered the cause f the headache: the candles. His mm had n chice but t get rid f the scented (有香味的) items.
    Hwever, he knew his mther really lved candles. T lift her spirits, he set up a lab in the family’s kitchen in the fall f 2019 and made a candle using nly natural ingredients, such as sy and ccnut waxes (蜡) and essential ils. Chemicals in her ld candles were causing the headaches. He named his first prduct Jurassic Orange, which is similar t the fruit in clr and smell. Jurassic Orange was a hit with his mm, whse headaches disappeared. But Alejandr wasn’t dne experimenting. Within a few mnths, he had abut six scents, including Chunky Sweaters and Czy Scks, which smells like a fruit drink mixed with a pine frest.
    In September 2020, he put his first cllectin f candles n Etsy, the nline marketplace that specializes in handmade gds. He als sld candles at seasnal markets, such as the ne in dwntwn D.C. where the vice president was shpping fr hliday gifts last year. He recmmended tw candles t the vice president. She tk sme f his advice.
    Jesse Benites, general manager f a big shpping mall, said the vice president’s visit “skyrcketed” Alejandr’s fame. A senir manager cntacted Alejandr and invited him t rent ne f the 12 retail carts at the mall. On September 1,2022, Smell f Lve Candles pened n the secnd level f the shpping center. Alejandr is the mall’s yungest business wner. Inside the mall, Alejandr turned a large rm int his prductin facility, where he and his staff make 600 t 700 candles a week. There were altgether 25 scents n the shelf. He cntinued t make new scents and wanted t see all his candles in every single husehld and lve and jy cme int the huses.
    Alejandr’s candle business makes a gd prfit, but fr him, the mney he earned is nt just fr his wn cllege fund but fr lcal charities.
    5.Alejandr started his business because he wanted t________.
    A.slve his mther’s prblem
    B.earn sme mney fr the family
    C.make mre peple lve candles
    D.change the way candles are made
    6.What d we knw abut Smell f Lve Candles?
    A.It was visited by the vice president.
    B.It mainly sells candles n the Internet.
    C.It teaches peple hw t make candles.
    D.It will ffer new scents f the candles.
    7.The mney Alejandr made will be used t____.
    A.pen mre chain stres
    B.help mre peple in need
    C.invent new scents f the candles
    D.prmte his candles t mre families
    8.Accrding t the passage, which wrds can best describe Alejandr?
    A.Organized and lving.B.Smart and utging.
    C.Caring and creative.D.Generus and hnest.
    【答案】5.A 6.D 7.B 8.C
    【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了12岁的少年亚历杭德罗·巴克斯顿做蜡烛生意的原因以及经历。
    5.细节理解题。根据文章第二段前两句“Hwever, he knew his mther really lved candles. T lift her spirits, he set up a lab in the family’s kitchen in the fall f 2019 and made a candle using nly natural ingredients, such as sy and ccnut waxes (蜡) and essential ils.(然而,他知道他的母亲真的很喜欢蜡烛。为了让她振作起来,2019年秋天,他在家里的厨房里建立了一个实验室,只用大豆、椰子蜡和精油等天然原料制作了一支蜡烛。)”可知,亚历杭德罗开始做蜡烛生意是因为他想解决他妈妈的问题。故选A项。
    6.细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段最后两句“There were altgether 25 scents n the shelf. He cntinued t make new scents and wanted t see all his candles in every single husehld and lve and jy cme int the huses.(架子上总共有25种香味。他继续制作新的香味,并希望看到他所有的蜡烛进入每一个家庭,爱和喜悦进入每一个家庭。)”结合上文可知,Smell f Lve Candles将提供新的蜡烛香味。故选D项。
    7.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Alejandr’s candle business makes a gd prfit, but fr him, the mney he earned is nt just fr his wn cllege fund but fr lcal charities.(亚历杭德罗的蜡烛生意利润颇丰,但对他来说,他赚的钱不仅用于自己的大学基金,还用于当地的慈善机构。)”可知,亚历杭德罗赚的钱会被用来帮助更多需要帮助的人。故选B项。
    8.推理判断题。根据文章第二段的最后一句“Within a few mnths, he had abut six scents, including Chunky Sweaters and Czy Scks, which smells like a fruit drink mixed with a pine frest.(几个月内,他就有了大约六种气味,包括厚实的毛衣和舒适的袜子,闻起来像混合了松林的水果饮料。)”结合上文可推知,亚历杭德罗是一个极具创造力的人。再根据文章最后一段“Alejandr’s candle business makes a gd prfit, but fr him, the mney he earned is nt just fr his wn cllege fund but fr lcal charities.(亚历杭德罗的蜡烛生意利润颇丰,但对他来说,他赚的钱不仅用于自己的大学基金,还用于当地的慈善机构。)”可推知,他还是一个有爱心的人。故选C项。
    3.(2023上·北京平谷·高二统考期末)Marathn Man
    In 1896, a yung man frm Greece named Spiridn Luis ran ne f the mst exciting ftraces ever.
    Brn in 1873 in a small huse in the rcky hills abve Athens, Spiridn helped his father tend the sheep frm a very yung age. After gathering the wl, they walked t the Athens market t sell it. It was in Athens Spiridn’s father tld him the legend f Pheidippides, wh ran frm the village f Marathn t Athens, t tell his peple that the Greeks had wn a great battle, but died after delivering the message. The run f nearly 25 miles had been t much fr him. The legend had inspired him fr many years.
    By the time he was in his early twenties, Spiridn was making a living selling fresh water frm the hills. Twice a day he wuld lad tw barrels full f water n his mule and run alngside the mule t Athens, a trip f mre than eight miles. Spiridn’s legs and heart grew strng frm all that running. When he heard that a lng race wuld be part f the Olympic Games, he decided t enter. The race wuld be called marathn, in hnr f the legend f Pheidippides.
    Held n the last day f the Olympics in Athens, the race included many excellent runners frm several cuntries. When there were six miles t g, Edwin Flack f Australia was in the lead. But Spiridn, wh had started ut at a slwer, steady pace, began t gain grund, and wn the first Olympic marathn.
    The Summer Olympic Games take place nce every fur years, bringing tgether athletes frm all ver the wrld. Perhaps the stry f Spiridn will inspire the next winner f the Olympic marathn, just as Spiridn was inspired by the legend f Pheidippides s lng ag.
    9.Accrding t the legend, Phedippides died ________.
    A.in the village f MarathnB.because f the lng-distance run
    C.n his way delivering the messageD.in the great battle that the Greek had wn
    10.Hw was Spiridn earning his living by the time he entered the race?
    A.By selling the wl.B.By running the mule.
    C.By selling fresh water frm the hills.D.By helping his father tend the sheep.
    11.What can we learn frm the passage?
    A.T lad water, Spiridn ran the mule t Athens every day.
    B.Spiridn practised running by lading barrels full f water.
    C.Spiridn did nt run faster than thers at the beginning f the race.
    D.The Olympic Games were held t hnr the legend f Pheidippides.
    12.Spiridn’s stry is written t ________.
    A.describe hw Spiridn succeeded
    B.hnr the legend f Pheidippides
    C.remember the first Olympic Games
    D.mtivate the athletes f the Olympic marathn
    【答案】9.B 10.C 11.C 12.D
    【导语】这是一篇记叙文。1896年,一个来自希腊名叫Spiridn Luis的年轻人跑出了有史以来最激动人心的马拉松比赛,获得冠军。文章讲述了他受到Pheidippides传说的启发,开始参加比赛的经历。
    9.细节理解题。根据第二段中“It was in Athens Spiridn’s father tld him the legend f Pheidippides, wh ran frm the village f Marathn t Athens, t tell his peple that the Greeks had wn a great battle, but died after delivering the message. The run f nearly 25 miles had been t much fr him.(正是在雅典,Spiridn的父亲告诉他Pheidippides的传说,他从马拉松的村庄跑到雅典,告诉他的人民希腊人赢得了一场伟大的战斗,但在传递消息后死亡。将近25英里的长跑使他承受不了。)”可知,根据传说,Phedippides的死是由于长跑造成的,故选B。
    10.细节理解题。根据第三段中“By the time he was in his early twenties, Spiridn was making a living selling fresh water frm the he heard that a lng race wuld be part f the Olympic Games, he decided t enter.(在他二十出头的时候,Spiridn靠卖山上的淡水谋生……当他听说长跑将是奥运会的一个项目时,他决定参加。)”可知,在Spiridn参加比赛时,他是靠卖山上的淡水为生,故选C。
    11.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“But Spiridn, wh had started ut at a slwer, steady pace, began t gain grund, and wn the first Olympic marathn.( 但是Spiridn开始跑得比较慢较,比较稳,随后开始跑得快,并赢得了第一届奥运会马拉松比赛。)”可知,在比赛开始时,Spiridn并没有比其他人跑得更快。故选C。
    12.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Perhaps the stry f Spiridn will inspire the next winner f the Olympic marathn, just as Spiridn was inspired by the legend f Pheidippides s lng ag.(也许Spiridn的故事会激励下一个奥运会马拉松冠军,就像很久以前Spiridn受到Pheidippides传说的启发一样。)”可知,文章Spiridn的故事是为了激励奥林匹克马拉松运动员,故选D。
    4.(2023上·北京顺义·高二统考期末)Yung German Man Studies TCM in China
    Wu Ming is a yung German brn after 1995. Wu is a big fan f Chinese culture, such as the Shalin kung fu, a traditinal Chinese martial art. He has been learning traditinal Chinese medicine (TCM) since 2016, almst seven years. Nw he is studying fr his master’s degree at Henan University f Chinese Medicine.
    As he thught sme diseases can’t be treated thrughly with Western medicine, he decided t dig int TCM. Wu came t Central China’s Henan prvince in 2015, where a strng TCM culture can be enjyed. After ne-year f learning Chinese language, he started t learn Chinese medicine. “TCM is ne f the best-prtected aspects f Chinese culture”, said Wu. He hpes t slve prblems and understand Chinese culture deeply by learning TCM.
    In the early stages, Wu always tasted sme Chinese herbal medicine by himself, just like Shennng, a character in ancient Chinese stries, wh tasted mst f the herbal medicine himself. T vercme difficulties in cmmunicating, he als learned and practiced Chinese, especially the Henan dialect (方言), as his teachers, schlmates, and even sme patients speak in Henan dialect in their daily cnversatins. Althugh smetimes he still has truble telling the difference between Mandarin (普通话) and the dialect, he can use the Henan dialect t cmmunicate with thers.
    Studying TCM als changed Wu’s mind and lifestyle. He used t be addicted t electrnic devices and stay up late every night, trapped in this fast but unhealthy daily life. But nw, accrding t the Yin-Yang principle in TCM, he lives a balanced and peaceful life, practicing gd habits such as drinking tea and reading ancient bks.
    In Wu’s pinin, there’s n big difference between China and Western cuntries. “We are the same. Misunderstanding cmes frm being ut f tuch”, said Wu. He plans t run a traditinal Chinese clinic (诊所) in China r Germany after graduatin, which culd serve as a bridge between the tw cuntries and attract public attentin t TCM and its culture.
    13.What is Wu’s purpse f studying TCM?
    A.T get his master’s degree.
    B.T prve his learning abilities.
    C.T test sme Chinese herbal medicine.
    D.T better treat diseases and understand Chinese culture.
    14.Hw did Wu vercme difficulties in daily cnversatins?
    A.By reading ancient Chinese bks.
    B.By learning and practicing the Henan dialect.
    C.By asking his teachers, schlmates and patients fr advice.
    D.By studying the difference between Mandarin and the Henan dialect.
    15.What can we learn abut Wu’s lifestyle after his studying TCM?
    A.He stays up late every night.B.He lives a fast and healthy lifestyle.
    C.He is addicted t electrnic devices.D.He develps a gd habit f drinking tea.
    16.In Wu’s pinin, misunderstanding cmes frm_________.
    A.lacking cmmunicatinB.language barrier
    C.being different frm ne antherD.mind and lifestyle
    17.Accrding t the passage, which wrd can best describe Wu Ming?
    A.Gentle.B.Hnest.C.Passinate.D.Outging.
    【答案】13.D 14.B 15.D 16.A 17.C
    【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了德国人Wu Ming在中国学习中医并打算学成之后开设中医馆的故事。
    13.细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“As he thught sme diseases can’t be treated thrughly with Western medicine, he decided t dig int TCM. (由于他认为有些疾病不能用西医彻底治疗,他决定钻研中医)”和最后一句“He hpes t slve prblems and understand Chinese culture deeply by learning TCM. (他希望通过学习中医来解决问题,深入了解中国文化)”可知,Wu Ming学习中医的目的是为了更好治疗疾病和了解中国文化。故选D。
    14.细节理解题。根据第三段“T vercme difficulties in cmmunicating, he als learned and practiced Chinese, especially the Henan dialect (方言), as his teachers, schlmates, and even sme patients speak in Henan dialect in their daily cnversatins. (为了克服沟通困难,他还学习和练习了汉语,尤其是河南方言,就像他的老师、同学,甚至一些病人在日常对话中用河南话一样)”可知,Wu Ming为了克服沟通障碍,努力学习和练习汉语,尤其是河南话。故选B。
    15.推理判断题。根据第四段“But nw, accrding t the Yin-Yang principle in TCM, he lives a balanced and peaceful life, practicing gd habits such as drinking tea and reading ancient bks. (但现在,根据中医阴阳原理,他过着平衡且平静的生活,养成了喝茶和阅读古籍等良好习惯)”可推知,在学习完中医之后,Wu Ming现在过着平静且平衡的生活,并养成了喝茶和阅读古籍的习惯。故选D。
    16.细节理解题。根据最后一段Wu Ming所说的话“We are the same. Misunderstanding cmes frm being ut f tuch. (我们是一样的。误解来自于失去联系)”可知,Wu Ming认为误解是因为缺乏联系和交流。故选A。
    17.推理判断题。根据第一段“He has been learning traditinal Chinese medicine (TCM) since 2016, almst seven years. Nw he is studying fr his master’s degree at Henan University f Chinese Medicine.( 他从2016年开始学习中医,将近七年。现在他正在河南中医药大学攻读硕士学位)”及最后一段“He plans t run a traditinal Chinese clinic (诊所) in China r Germany after graduatin, which culd serve as a bridge between the tw cuntries and attract public attentin t TCM and its culture.(他计划毕业后在中国或德国开办一家中医诊所,这将成为两国之间的桥梁,吸引公众对中医药及其文化的关注)”可知,Wu Ming特别喜欢中医,他已经学习中医七年了,并且今后打算开一个中医诊所,吸引公众对中医药及其文化的关注。由此推知,Wu Min是一个“充满激情的”人。故选C。
    5.(2023上·北京西城·高二统考期末)Shannn St. Onge thught she culd get hme frm wrk befre the strm hit Pense, a twn in Saskatchewan, Canada.
    “Yesterday, the weather netwrk was warning f a strm. Expected start time was at arund 7 pm,” she wrte n scial media.
    “I grabbed takeut fr the kids, filled my gas tank, replaced my brken phne charger and then hit the dirt rads at arund 5:30 t head hme befre the strm hit.”
    She tk a dirt rad because she thught it wuld be better fr the winter driving cnditins.
    “Just as the pavement (路面) turned int gravel (石子路), the wind picked up and visibility became reduced. The wind whips the snw frm the pen fields acrss the rads and creates smetimes dangerus cnditins,” she said.
    “I fund myself driving with my head ut f the driver’s windw, watching the edge f the gravel as my guide, while I crawled frward at 15km/hr, nt actually lking frward at the rad ahead. I did this fr abut 10 km, until I culd n lnger see and I had t stp, right where I was—12 km frm hme.”
    She pulled ver and called 911. The peratr suggested she wait the strm ut, but the strm was nt prjected t let up until dawn.
    “What if I didn’t make it hme at all?” she wndered.
    She psted her lcatin n the Pense cmmunity webpage in hpes smene might be able t find her.
    That’s when 80-year-ld Andre Buvier Sr. gt a call abut St. Onge’s urgent request fr help. He lived abut half a mile away frm where she was pulled ver.
    His tractr wuld nt start s he decided t head ut n ft with a flashlight. T his surprise, he fund tw ther vehicles with peple wh als needed help stranded tgether with St. Onge.
    He led all seven stranded peple back t his hme and welcmed them in fr the evening.
    “This family fed us and gave us a warm place t rest ur eyes fr a few hurs,” she said. “When we all wke up at 5 am, he had already plwed the driveway fr us, and at arund 5:30, we headed t twn. Visibility was better, but still very, very pr.”
    “In the end, we all made it hme safely and I have never hugged my kids tighter.”
    As fr Buvier, he didn’t want much credit fr his effrts.
    “Everybdy wuld have dne the same thing,” he said. “Yu dn’t think abut it. Yu just d it.”
    18.In spite f the warning, St. Onge still tried t drive back hme mainly because she ________.
    A.didn’t trust the weather frecast
    B.was fully prepared fr the strm
    C.had thught she culd get hme befre the strm began
    D.tk the dirt rad that she thught wuld be safe enugh
    19.What’s the main factr that made it impssible fr St. Onge t g n driving?
    A.The wrng rad.B.The empty gas tank.
    C.The pr visibility.D.The serius accident.
    20.What d we knw abut Andre Buvier Sr.?
    A.He received a call fr help frm Shannn St. Onge.
    B.He walked 12 km t rescue the peple wh were stuck.
    C.He drve Shannn St. Onge t twn himself the next mrning.
    D.He had cleared the driveway befre Shannn St. Onge wke up.
    21.Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe Andre Buvier Sr.?
    A.Warm-hearted and cnsiderate.B.Respnsible and talented.
    C.Strng-willed and ambitius.D.Independent and mtivated.
    【答案】18.C 19.C 20.D 21.A
    【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,文章讲述了Shannn St. Onge在预报有暴雪的情况下开车回家,由于能见度差被困途中,一名80岁的老人徒步穿过暴风雪营救人的感人故事。
    18.细节理解题。根据第一段“Shannn St. Onge thught she culd get hme frm wrk befre the strm hit Pense, a twn in Saskatchewan, Canada.(Shannn St. Onge认为她可以在暴风雪袭击加拿大Saskatchewan省的Pense镇之前下班回到家。)”可知,尽管有暴雪警报,Shannn St. Onge仍然试图开车回家,主要是因为她认为她可以在暴风雪开始前回到家。故选C。
    19.细节理解题。根据第六段中“I did this fr abut 10 km, until I culd n lnger see and I had t stp, right where I was—12 km frm hme.(我这样走了大约10公里,直到我再也看不见了,我不得不停下来,就在离家12公里的地方。)”可知,能见度低使Shannn St. Onge无法继续开车。故选C。
    20.细节理解题。根据倒数第四段“‘This family fed us and gave us a warm place t rest ur eyes fr a few hurs,’ she said. ‘When we all wke up at 5 am, he had already plwed the driveway fr us, and at arund 5:30, we headed t twn. Visibility was better, but still very, very pr.’(‘这家人给我们提供食物,给我们一个温暖的地方让我们的眼睛休息几个小时。’她说:‘当我们早上5点醒来时,他已经为我们犁好了车道,大约5点半,我们前往镇上。能见度有所改善,但仍然非常非常差。)”可知,在Shannn St. Onge醒来之前,Andre Buvier Sr.已经清理好了车道。故选D。
    21.推理判断题。根据倒数第五段“He led all seven stranded peple back t his hme and welcmed them in fr the evening.(他把被困的7个人都领回家,欢迎他们那晚上在家里住。)”以及倒数第四段“‘This family fed us and gave us a warm place t rest ur eyes fr a few hurs,’ she said. ‘When we all wke up at 5 am, he had already plwed the driveway fr us, and at arund 5:30, we headed t twn. Visibility was better, but still very, very pr.’(‘这家人给我们提供食物,给我们一个温暖的地方让我们的眼睛休息几个小时。’她说:‘当我们早上5点醒来时,他已经为我们犁好了车道,大约5点半,我们就前往镇上。能见度有所改善,但仍然非常非常差。)”可知Andre Buvier Sr.是个热心肠,为他人着想的人。故选A。
    优选提升提
    6.(2023上·北京丰台·高二统考期末)I am Finn Ferreira, an Irish teenager. Thank yu judges fr this hnr and giving this award in my hand. I am very delighted t have wn $50,000 fr my prject. My prject came abut as I was cnstantly hearing abut plastic pllutin n the news. And I als see the real effects n ur beaches every day. I discvered, t my shck, that at present n filtratin(过滤)fr micrplastics takes place in any Eurpean wastewater treatment centers, s I set up my prject and started lking fr a slutin.
    Seeing that there was nne, I decided t study further, finally finding a way t use the fberfluid(铁磁流体), a liquid which sticks t the plastic allwing it t be remved using magnets(磁体).After ver 1,000 tests I have prved that my methd wuld remve 87% r higher f micrplastics.
    I grew up in West Crk, Ireland. My hmetwn is surrunded by untuched nature. This has been my first inspiratin abut hw nature wrks. I sn discvered that science really was in everything. The fact that I lived in such a remte place meant that I had t build my wn equipment and lab t d tests and experiments.
    Inspired by scientists such as Ben Feringa and his wrk with rganic chemistry and nantechnlgy(纳米技术), I wuld like t study chemistry r chemical engineering when finishing my last year f secndary schl. Bth f these subjects will be suited t me as I really enjy prblem-slving and experiments.
    One f the mst valuable rewards frm the science fair fr me is the pprtunity t present my wrk t a grup f prfessinal judges. Winning the prize is a great hnr t me as this is a recgnitin f my prject and ideas.
    Als, the prize will give my prject mre attentin. There is nthing I wuld like t see mre than my prject t be used in remving micrplastics in ur ceans wrldwide.
    22.Why did Finn set up the prject?
    A.T win the prize.B.T clean the air.
    C.T remve micrplastics.D.T build a wastewater center.
    23.Accrding t paragraph 3, what gave Finn the creative ideas?
    A.The sandy beaches.B.The nature f his hmetwn.
    C.The new technlgy.D.The results f his experiments.
    24.Accrding t the passage, which wrd can best describe Finn?
    A.Hnest.B.Determined.C.Fearless.D.Humrus.
    25.This passage might be_________.
    A.a news reprtB.a science survey
    C.a thanks-giving letterD.an awarding speech
    【答案】22.C 23.B 24.B 25.D
    【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者Finn Ferreira是一个科学比赛的获奖者。他介绍了自己使用铁磁流体从水中去除微塑料的实验项目及获奖的经历, 表达了自己对科学的热爱。
    22.推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“I discvered, t my shck, that at present n filtratin (过滤) fr micrplastics takes place in any Eurpean wastewater treatment centers, s I set up my prject and started lking fr a slutin.(令我震惊的是,我发现目前欧洲任何污水处理中心都没有对微塑料进行过滤,所以我开始寻找解决方案)”以及第二段第一句“Seeing that there was nne, I decided t study further, finally finding a way t use the fberfluid(铁磁流体),a liquid which sticks t the plastic allwing it t be remved using magnets(磁体). (没有看到解决方案,我决定进一步调查,最终找到了一种使用铁磁流体的方法,这种液体可以粘在塑料上,用磁铁将其移除)”可知,作者研究该项目的目的就是去除水中的微塑料。故选C项。
    23.细节理解题。根据第三段中“My hmetwn is surrunded by untuched nature. This has been my first inspiratin abut hw nature wrks.(我的家乡被原始的自然环境包围着。这是我对大自然的第一次启发。)”可知,是Finn Ferreira家乡的原生态启发了他做出该项发明。故选B。
    24.推理判断题。根据第三段中“I sn discvered that science really was in everything. The fact that I lived in such a remte place meant that I had t build my wn equipment and lab t d tests and experiments.(我很快发现科学真的存在于一切事物中。事实上,我住在这样一个偏远的地方,这意味着我必须建造自己的设备和实验室来做测试和实验。)”以及倒数第三段中“I wuld like t study chemistry r chemical engineering when finishing my last year f secndary schl. (我想在中学最后一年学习化学或化学工程。)”可知,虽然Finn Ferreira家住偏远的地方,但是他下定决心要建造自己的设备和实验室,同时为了实验他还想在最后一年学习相关的化学和化学工程课程,由此体现出为了做出科学研究,他是意志坚定的。故选B。
    25.推理判断题。根据第一段中“I am Finn Ferreira, an Irish teenager. Thank yu judges fr this hnr and giving this award in my hand.(我是菲昂·费雷拉,一名爱尔兰少年。感谢评委们给我这个荣誉,并把这个奖交到我手中。)”以及最后一段中“Als, the prize will give my prject mre attentin. There is nthing I wuld like t see mre than my prject t be used in remving micrplastics in ur ceans wrldwide.(而且,这个奖会让我的项目得到更多的关注。我最希望看到的就是我的项目被用于清除全球海洋中的微塑料。)”可知,本文可能是一份获奖感言。故选D。
    7.(2023上·北京朝阳·高二统考期末)The shift frm adlescence (青春期) t adulthd can be hard and ften filled with hardship and lessns learned, especially fr yung peple experiencing hmelessness.
    Frankie, a yung wman wh feels lucky t have had the caring supprt frm her dad Frankie’s dad raised her, and they were very clse. When he suddenly passed away tw years ag, Frankie didn’t knw hw she wuld survive. With n family r relatives t take her in, she fell int a depressin. She bunced frm hme t hme, lsing trust she’d ever gain stability.
    One Friday afternn, Frankie sat at a park bench utside f schl. As she was wrrying abut where she was ging t live, she suddenly remembered smething her dad wuld tell her when she was little.
    “Dn’t ever give up,” said Frankie. “If dad were here, he wuld tell me that.”
    Thse wrds encuraged her t seek help frm Nel, a YuthCare case manager, wh helped her find accmmdatin at Catalyst, ne f YuthCare’s cmmunity living prgrams, YuthCare prvided a path back t stability. Frankie was thankful t have a rutine: dish washings after dinner, weekly game nights, and check-ins with a mental health dctr every Thursday. At Catalyst, Frankie received cnsistent supprt and fund additinal resurces fr her mental health care. Outside f her Thursday appintments, she participated in weekly hmewrk assignments fcused n well-being and gal-setting fr the future.
    Nel shwed great surprise at Frankie’s psitive changes with each passing day. She earned her GED, and it wasn’t lng befre she began searching fr her first jb. With the help f Nel, Frankie applied fr a handful f psitins in health r fitness. Frankie jumped with excitement when she received an interview call fr a frnt desk psitin at a lcal gym!
    Dressed in green, her dad’s favrite clr, Frankie entered her interview with cnfidence. Nel smiled very happily when Frankie received a secnd call later that day with news that she gt the jb.
    T many yung peple cme t YuthCare with their wn stry. Each f them deserves a path back t stability a stable hme, cnsistent supprt, and access t treatment services necessary t becme well. Like Frankie, they can imagine new pssibilities and change the curse f their wn stry thrugh encuragement and treatment.
    26.What was the main cause fr Frankie’s depressin?
    A.Her desire t get a jb.B.Her fear f hmelessness.
    C.Her lessns f adlescence.D.Her inability t deal with relatives.
    27.Hw did YuthCare influence Frankie?
    A.She realized the value f family affectin.
    B.She had a stable life t achieve her ptential.
    C.She learned the imprtance f interview cnfidence.
    D.She built up her curage t be a mental health dctr.
    28.Which wuld be the best title fr the passage?
    A.Frankie’s Jb Hunting in Fitness
    B.The Friendship between Frankie and Nel
    C.Finding the Supprt Needed t Mve Frward
    D.Lking fr Reliable Relatives t the Hmeless
    【答案】26.B 27.B 28.C
    【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过写Frankie在YuthCare的经历,讲述了我们要学会找到前进所需的支持。
    26.细节理解题。根据第二段中“With n family r relatives t take her in, she fell int a depressin. (由于没有家人或亲戚收留她,她得了抑郁症)”可知,Frankie对无家可归的恐惧是她抑郁的主要原因。故选B项。
    27.细节理解题,根据第五段中“YuthCare prvided a path back t stability. Frankie was thankful t have a rutine: dish washings after dinner, weekly game nights, and check-ins with a mental health dctr every Thursday. At Catalyst, Frankie received cnsistent supprt and fund additinal resurces fr her mental health care. Outside f her Thursday appintments, she participated in weekly hmewrk assignments fcused n well-being and gal-setting fr the future.(YuthCare提供了一条回归稳定的道路。Frankie很感激自己有一个常规:晚饭后洗碗,每周比赛之夜,每周四去心理健康医生那里检查。在Catalyst,Frankie得到了持续的支持,并为她的心理健康护理找到了额外的资源。除了周四的约会之外,她还参加了每周的家庭作业,重点是幸福感和未来的目标设定)”可知,YuthCare帮助Frankie拥有了稳定的生活,实现她的潜力。故选B项。
    28.主旨大意题。结合全文和最后一段“Each f them deserves a path back t stability a stable hme, cnsistent supprt, and access t treatment services necessary t becme well.(他们每个人都应该有一条回归稳定的道路,一个稳定的家,始终如一的支持,以及获得康复所需的治疗服务)”可知,文章通过写Frankie在YuthCare的经历,讲述了我们要学会找到前进所需的支持。由此可知,Finding the Supprt Needed t Mve Frward(找到前进所需的支持)适合作本文最佳标题。故选C项。
    8.(2022上·北京房山·高二统考期末)The air is thin and we have t rest several times n the shrt hike frm camp. T ur left, snw-cvered muntains disappear int cluds that seem almst clse enugh t tuch. On the grassland in frnt f us, we can just make ut a herd f graceful animals. This is why we’re here — t bserve Tibetan antelpes.
    Tibetan antelpes live n the plains f Tibet, Xinjiang, and Qinghai. Watching them mve slwly acrss the green grass. I’m struck by their beauty. I’m als reminded f the danger they are in. They are being hunted, illegally, fr their valuable fur.
    My guide is Zhaxi, a villager frm Changtang. He wrks at the Changtang Natinal Nature Rcserve. It cvers an arca f abut 120,000 square miles. The reserve is a shelter fr the animals and plants f nrthwestern Tibet. T Zhaxi, prtecting the wildlife is a way f life. “We’re nt trying t save the animals,” he says. “Actually, we’re trying t save urselves.”
    The 1980s and 1990s were bad times fr the Tibetan antelpe. The ppulatin drpped by mre than 50 percent. Hunters were shting antelpes t make mney. Their habitats were becming smaller as new rads and railways were built.
    In rder t save this species frm extinctin, the Chinese gvernment placed it under natinal prtectin. Zhaxi and ther vlunteers watched ver the antelpes day and night t keep them safe frm attacks. Bridges and gates were added t let the antelpes mve easily and keep them safe frm cars and trains.
    The measures were effective. The antelpe ppulatin has recvered and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelpe was remved frm the endangered species list. The gvernment, hwever, des nt intend t stp the prtectin prgrammes, since the threats t the Tibetan antelpe have nt yet disappeared.
    In the evening, I drink a cup f tea and watch the stars. I think abut the antelpes and what Zhaxi tld me. Much is being dne t prtect wildlife, but if we really want t save the planet, we must change ur way f life. Only when we learn t exist in harmny with nature can we stp being a threat t wildlife and t ur planet.
    29.Why did the writer visit Tibet?
    A.T watch the Tibetan antelpes.B.T g n a shrt hike frm camp.
    C.T see the snw-cvered muntains.D.T visit their friend Zhaxi in Changtang.
    30.What happened t the Tibetan antelpes in the 1980s and 1990s?
    A.Their habitats disappeared.B.They were attacked by ther animals.
    C.They were sht by hunters fr mney.D.Their ppulatin drpped by less than 50 percent.
    31.What can we knw abut the Changtang Natinal Nature Reserve?
    A.It was built by vlunteers and villagers.
    B.Its prtectin prgrammes have been stpped.
    C.It was funded t prtect the wildlife that live there.
    D.Its antelpes are n the list f endangered species nw.
    32.What des the authr intend t tell us?
    A.The imprtance f a gd lifestyle.
    B.Prtecting wildlife is prtecting urselves.
    C.Changtang is the best place t bserve Tibetan antelpes.
    D.Mre vlunteers are needed t keep the antelpes frm attacks.
    【答案】29.A 30.C 31.C 32.B
    【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在文中记录了去西藏观察藏羚羊的经历,并且在与导游扎西的沟通中了解到保护藏羚羊,保护自然的重要性。由此感悟:人类应与自然和谐共生。
    29.细节理解题。根据第一段“On the grassland in frnt f us, we can just make ut a herd f graceful animals. This is why we’re here — t bserve Tibetan antelpes.(在我们面前的草地上,勉强可以辨认出一群姿态优美的动物。这就是我们来这里的原因——观察藏羚羊)”可知,作者去西藏的目的是为了观察姿态优美的动物——藏羚羊。故选A。
    30.细节理解题。根据第四段中“The 1980s and 1990s were bad times fr the Tibetan antelpe. The ppulatin drpped by mre than 50 percent. Hunters were shting antelpes t make mney.(上世纪八九十年代是藏羚羊的艰难时期。数量下降了50%以上。猎人们猎杀羚羊来赚钱)”可知,在上世纪八九十年代,藏羚羊被猎人为了钱枪杀了。故选C。
    31.细节理解题。根据第三段中“My guide is Zhaxi, a villager frm Changtang. He wrks at the Changtang Natinal Nature Rcserve. It cvers an arca f abut 120,000 square miles. The reserve is a shelter fr the animals and plants f nrthwestern Tibet.(我的导游是长塘村民扎西。他在羌塘国家级自然保护区工作。它占地约12万平方英里。该保护区是西藏西北部动植物的避难所)”可知,羌塘国家级自然保护区的建立是为了保护生活在那里的野生动物。故选C。
    32.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Much is being dne t prtect wildlife, but if we really want t save the planet, we must change ur way f life. Only when we learn t exist in harmny with nature can we stp being a threat t wildlife and t ur planet.(保护野生动物已经做了很多工作,但如果我们真的想拯救地球,我们必须改变我们的生活方式。只有当我们学会与自然和谐共处时,我们才能不再威胁野生动物和我们的星球)”可推知,作者想告诉我们保护野生动物就是保护我们自己。故选B。
    9.(2022上·北京东城·高二统考期末)In 2020, Oliver Wallace’s parents entered him in a natinal speech cntest. The cntest was held by Think Kindness. It’s an rganizatin that aims t inspire acts f kindness in schls and cmmunities. Oliver wrte a speech and recrded a vide fr the cntest. In his speech, Oliver fcused n the idea that kindness is easy. “It can be free and it can make smene's day a whle lt better,” he said.
    After winning the cntest, Oliver put his speech int actin. He created the Race t Kindness, a series f events spreading kindness arund the wrld. Fr his effrts, the fifth-grader was awarded ne f America’s tp 2021 yuth vlunteers.
    One f his events is called the Race t 500 Tys. Being in the hspital is difficult fr kids. S Oliver started the ty drive fr children in a hspital near his hme. “I knew that I culd help,” said Oliver, “and that made me want t.” With his prize mney frm the cntest and the supprt frm cmmunity, Oliver was able t dnate 619 tys t the lcal children's hspital.
    Nw Oliver is busy with his new prject, the Race t 100,000 Meals. “I was seeing s many peple that didn't have access t fd,” he said. “Or they were waiting in lng lines t get small meals.” S far, the event has cllected mre than 100,000 meals fr families in Texas.
    Organizing a dnatin drive is ne way t practice kindness. But small, well-thught-ut acts are just as imprtant. “It can start ff with a psitive thught r being kind t smene,” said Oliver. His speech ffered suggestins. They included leaving a nice nte fr a neighbr r asking yur parents hw yu can help them at hme.
    “If yu treat smene with a little kindness,” Oliver said, “it can make yu feel better knwing that smene else feels better.”
    33.Why did Oliver start the Race t Kindness?
    A.T advcate kind actinsB.T participate in a cntest.
    C.T serve vluntary rganizatins.D.T raise mney fr Think Kindness.
    34.With the prize mney he gt frm the speech cntest, Oliver___________.
    A.made vides fr the cntestB.dnated meals fr pr families
    C.awarded prizes t yung vlunteersD.bught tys fr the children in hspital
    35.What can we learn frm Oliver’s stry?
    A.Practice makes perfect.B.Think twice befre acting.
    C.Failure is the mther f success.D.One small act can make a difference.
    【答案】33.A 34.D 35.D
    【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了五年级学生奥利弗为传播善良,组织多场募捐活动。
    33.细节理解题。根据文章第二段“He created the Race t Kindness, a series f events spreading kindness arund the wrld.(他创立了善行竞赛,这是一系列在世界各地传播善良的活动。)”可知,奥利弗要开始慈善竞赛是为了倡导善良的行为。故选A。
    34.细节理解题。根据文章第三段“With his prize mney frm the cntest and the supprt frm cmmunity, Oliver was able t dnate 619 tys t the lcal children’s hspital. (在比赛的奖金和社区的支持下,奥利弗向当地儿童医院捐赠了619件玩具。)”可知,用演讲比赛的奖金,奥利弗给医院里的孩子们买了玩具。故选D。
    35.推理判断题。根据文章第五段“But small, well-thught-ut acts are just as imprtant. (但小的、经过深思熟虑的行动也同样重要。)”及全文可推断,我们能从奥利弗的故事中学到:一个小小的举动就能带来巨大影响。故选D。
    10.(2022上·北京朝阳·高二统考期末)Peggy, an ld brder cllie (柯利牧羊犬), was signed ver t the RSPCA, a charity with a primary fcus n rescuing and rehming animals, after her wner culd n lnger cmmunicate with her. The wner thught she culd n lnger wrk because she was nt able t hear.
    Hwever, after being handed t the RSPCA, Peggy was taken in by Chle Shrten, an animal health manager frm the rganisatin.
    Shrten and her husband, Jasn, a shepherd (牧羊人), taught Peggy t understand hand signals and bdy language. The cuple trained Peggy with the help f a sheepdg trainer and their tw ther wrking dgs, Sid and Nra.
    Shrten said, “We cmpletely fell in lve with Peggy almst at first sight, and it sn became clear that she wuldn’t be ging anywhere. We knew Peggy wanted t be wrking, s we started the lng prcess f teaching her hw t wrk with a shepherd withut relying n vice rders.”
    The cuple began by training Peggy t lk at them t receive hand signals. They used repetitive and psitive reinfrcement and instead f pairing a vice rder with an actin, they’d use a hand gesture. Peggy read their hand signals and bdy language as a way f telling what they’re asking fr.
    Shrten and her husband pint in a certain directin t indicate where they want Peggy t g and pat their knees t call her back t them. T ask her t slw dwn, Shrten des a waving gesture.
    Peggy is nt wrking full-time but enjys helping ut in the fields. “It can be difficult with a deaf dg, because yu have t wave at her t get her attentin, and smetimes she desn’t realize straight away,” she said. “But she’s such a happy little dg. She’s n spring chicken, and she is generally retired, but she lves ging ut t wrk with us and running arund in the fields.”
    36.Why was Peggy brught t the RSPCA?
    A.Because she was ld.B.Because she was nisy.
    C.Because she was deaf.D.Because she was retired.
    37.Hw did the cuple train Peggy t cmmunicate?
    A.By relying n ther sheepdgs.
    B.By wrking lng hurs in the fields.
    C.By using sign and gesture language.
    D.By matching vice rders with actins.
    38.Accrding t the passage, which wrd can best describe Chle Shrten?
    A.Caring.B.Curius.C.Grateful.D.Demanding.
    【答案】36.C 37.C 38.A
    【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是牧羊犬Peggy变聋后,Chle Shrten是如何训练她交流的。
    36.细节理解题。根据第一段中“The wner thught she culd n lnger wrk because she was nt able t hear.(主人认为她不能再工作了,因为她听不见)”和第二段中“Hwever, after being handed t the RSPCA, Peggy was taken in by Chle Shrten, an animal health manager frm the rganisatin.(然而,在Peggy 被交给皇家防止虐待动物协会后,该组织的动物健康经理Chle Shrten收养了她)”,可知,Peggy变聋了,所以被带到RSPCA。故选C。
    37.细节理解题。根据第三段中“Shrten and her husband, Jasn, a shepherd (牧羊人), taught Peggy t understand hand signals and bdy language.(Shrten 和她的牧羊人丈夫Jasn教Peggy 理解手势和肢体语言)”,和第五段中“The cuple began by training Peggy t lk at them t receive hand signals. They used repetitive and psitive reinfrcement and instead f pairing a vice rder with an actin, they’d use a hand gesture. Peggy read their hand signals and bdy language as a way f telling what they’re asking fr. (这对夫妇开始训练Peggy 看着他们来接收手势。 他们使用重复和积极的强化,而不是将声音顺序与动作配对,他们会使用一个手势。 Peggy 读懂了他们的手势和肢体语言,以此来表达他们的要求)”,可知,这对夫妇通过使用手语和手势语言来训练Peggy交流。故选C。
    38.推理判断题。根据第四段中“We cmpletely fell in lve with Peggy almst at first sight, and it sn became clear that she wuldn’t be ging anywhere. We knew Peggy wanted t be wrking, s we started the lng prcess f teaching her hw t wrk with a shepherd withut relying n vice rders.(我们几乎是第一眼看到Peggy 就彻底爱上了她,很快我们就明白,她哪儿也去不了。 我们知道Peggy 想要工作,所以我们开始了一个漫长的过程,教她如何在不依赖语音指令的情况下与牧羊人一起工作)”,可知,Chle Shrten具有关爱,有同情心,所以描述Chle Shrten的最好的词汇是“caring”。故选A。

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