2023年辽宁省大连市中考英语真题（解析版）

这是一份2023年辽宁省大连市中考英语真题（解析版），共22页。

1. 请在答题卡上作答，在试卷上作答无效。
2. 本试卷共七大题，70小题，满分140分。考试时间100分钟。
第Ⅰ卷 选择题（共72分）
Ⅰ. 单项填空（本题共12小题，每小题1分，共12分）
从各题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —Hw lng have yu learned English?
—________ six years.
A. InB. FrC. AtD. Frm
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你学英语多久了？——六年了。
考查时间介词。In后接年份、月份、季节等；Fr后接一段时间；At在后接时间点；Frm从……起，来自。six years“六年”为一段时间，空处应是fr。故选B。
2. The Rbinsns lve seeing the wrld. ________ have been t many interesting places.
A. WeB. TheyC. YuD. I
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：罗宾逊一家喜欢周游世界。他们已经去过很多有趣的地方。
考查代词。We我们；They他们；Yu你；I我。根据“The Rbinsns lve seeing the wrld”可知，此处指的是“罗宾逊一家”，应用they代替，故选B。
3. —________ can yu see frm the Lndn Eye?
—On a clear day, mst f Lndn.
A. WhereB. HwC. WhyD. What
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你从伦敦眼能看到什么？——天气晴朗的时候，伦敦大部分地区。
考查特殊疑问句。Where在哪里；Hw如何；Why为什么；What什么。根据答语“On a clear day, mst f Lndn.”可知，询问能看到什么，故选D。
4. Lk! The children ________ a dragn dance with my grandpa in the playgrund.
A. learnB. learnedC. are learningD. will learn
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：看！孩子们正在操场上和我爷爷学舞龙。
考查时态。根据“Lk! The dragn dance with my grandpa in the playgrund.”可知，强调动作正在发生，用现在进行时，故选C。
5. The Danube in a river in Eurpe. It ________ thrugh Vienna.
A. will gB. wentC. gesD. has gne
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：多瑙河是欧洲的一条河流。它经过维也纳。
考查时态。根据“The Danube in a river in Eurpe. Vienna.”可知，此处陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是It，谓语动词用单三形式，故选C。
6. —________ yu ck dishes?
—Yes, I can. But they are simple.
A. CanB. WuldC. NeedD. Culd
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你会做菜吗？——是的，我能。但它们很简单。
考查一般疑问句。根据答语“Yes, I can.”可知，一般疑问句也用can提问，表示“能，会”，故选A。
7. Histry is my favrite subject ________ it’s very interesting.
A. ifB. thughC. whenD. because
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：历史是我最喜欢的科目，因为它很有趣。
考查从属连词辨析。if如果；thugh虽然；when当……时；because因为。空格前后表达的是因果关系，属于“前果后因”型，应用because引导原因状语从句，故选D。
8. Nwadays traveling by high-speed train is as ________ as traveling by air in China.
A. ppularB. mre ppularC. mst ppularD. the mst ppular
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：现在乘高铁旅行和乘飞机旅行一样受欢迎。
考查形容词原级。中间用形容词或副词原级，故选A。
9. The Qatar Wrld Cup ________ frm Nvember 21 t December 18 last year.
A. hldsB. heldC. was heldD. is held
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：卡塔尔世界杯于去年11月21日至12月18日举行。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。本句主语“The Qatar Wrld Cup”是动作“hld”的承受者，时态是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
10. All f us ________ great prgress since we started junir high schl.
A. are makingB. madeC. will makeD. have made
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：自从我们开始上初中以来，我们都取得了很大的进步。
考查时态。根据“since we started junir high schl”可知，此处是“现在完成时+since+一般过去时”结构，故选D。
11. —D yu knw ________ Dalian Lahutan Ocean Park?
—Next Sunday.
A. when we will visitB. when will we visitC. when we visitedD. when did we visit
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你知道我们什么时候去大连老虎滩海洋公园吗？——下周日。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述句语序，排除B/D选项，结合回答“Next Sunday.”可知，从句表达的动作还没有发生，应用一般将来时，故选A。
12. —Dad, can I brrw yur camera?
—Oh, yes. ________
A. Never mind.B. Here it is!C. Yu’re welcme!D. I’d lve t.
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——爸爸，我能借用一下你的相机吗？——哦，可以。给你！
考查情景交际。Never mind没关系； Here it is给你； Yu’re welcme不客气； I’d lve t我很乐意。根据“Dad, can I brrw yur camera?”及“Oh, yes.”可知，此处应是给对方相机，B选项符合语境，故选B。
Ⅱ. 完形填空（本题共8小题，每小题2分，共16分）
阅读下面短文，理解其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
Hw lng is sanshe in the idim tuibi sanshe(退避三舍)?
In ancient times, she was a unit f distance(距离). One she is as ____13____ as 30 li. One li is 500 meters and 30 li is 15,000 meters. S sanshe is 45 kilmeters.
There is a stry behind this idim. During the Spring and Autumn Perid(770 BC—476 BC), Prince Chng’er f the Jin State ran away frm his hme state. He ____14____ t travel t ther states.
Once, he went t the state f Chu. King, Chengwang f Chu saw him as an imprtant guest and ____15____ him a feast(盛宴). He asked Chng’er, “If yu rule state f Jin ne day, hw wuld yu thank me?” “It seems yur state has everything yu want. I have nthing that yu like,” Chng’er said. Hwever, the king ____16____ asked fr smething. Finally, Chng’er said, “I wuld ask my sldiers t retreat(撤退)sanshe if we ever fight.”
Later, Chng’er ____17____ t his hme state f Jin and became its ruler called Wengng. Bth f the tw ____18____ wanted t becme strnger and get mre land. They went t war with each ther.
Jin Wengng didn’t ____19____ his prmise. He asked his sldiers t retreat sanshe in Chengpu. The Chu sldiers thught that the Jin sldiers were afraid t fight, s they fllwed them. T their surprise, the Jin sldiers surrunded(包围) them. ____20____, Jin wn the war. This was the famus Battle f Chengpu. After this war, peple used tuibi sanshe t mean retreating t avid a cnflict(冲突).
13. A. muchB. largeC. farD. fast
14. A. fferedB. wantedC. failedD. prmised
15. A. servedB. passedC. shwedD. paid
16. A. alwaysB. alreadyC. justD. still
17. A. mvedB. returnedC. walkedD. gt
18. A. persnsB. cuntriesC. friendsD. states
19. A. breakB. makeC. keepD. accept
20. A. In factB. At firstC. In the endD. Abve all
【答案】13. C 14. B 15. A 16. D 17. B 18. D 19. A 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了“退避三舍”的典故。
【13题详解】
句意：一舍是30里远。
much许多；large大的；far远的；fast快的。根据“One she is 30 li.”可知，一舍是30里远。故选C。
【14题详解】
句意：他想去其他州。
ffered提供；wanted想要；failed失败；prmised承诺。根据“ travel t ther states.”可知，他想去其他州。故选B。
【15题详解】
句意：楚成王视他为贵客，设宴款待他。
served服务；passed通过；shwed展示；paid付钱。根据“King, Chengwang f Chu saw him as an imprtant guest a feast(盛宴).”可知，楚成王设宴款待他。故选A。
【16题详解】
句意：然而，王还是提出了一些要求。
always总是；already已经；just只；still仍然。根据“Hwever, the fr smething.”可知，楚成王还是提出了一些要求。故选D。
【17题详解】
句意：后来，重耳回到晋国，成为晋国的统治者，名叫文公。
mved移动；returned返回；walked走路；gt得到。根据“Chng’ his hme state f Jin and became its ruler called Wengng.”可知，重耳回到晋国，成为晋国的统治者，故选B。
【18题详解】
句意：两个州都想变得更强大，得到更多的土地。
persns人；cuntries国家；friends朋友；states州。根据“Bth f the t becme strnger and get mre land.”和前文可知，两个州都想变得更强大，故选D。
【19题详解】
句意：晋文公没有食言
break打破；make制作；keep保持；accept接受。根据“Jin Wengng didn’ prmise. He asked his sldiers t retreat sanshe in Chengpu.”可知，晋文公遵守了承诺，没有食言，故选A。
【20题详解】
句意：最后，晋国赢得了战争。
In fact事实上；At first首先；In the end最后；Abve all最重要的是。根据“..., Jin wn the war.”可知，最后晋国赢得了战争。故选C。
Ⅲ. 阅读理解（一）（本题共17小题，每小题2分，共34分）
A. 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从各题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Passage 1
TEENAGER FORUM(论坛)
Schl Educatin Sign in Sign up START A TOPIC
21. Lucy thinks middle schl students need t ________.
A. get n well with each therB. knw their interests
C. understand themselves betterD. have mre cnfidence
22. Frm William’s suggestin, we knw he cares abut thse wh ________.
A. like playing gamesB. have difficulty in learning
C. have hearing prblemsD. have a clear directin in life
23. What is Justin’s suggestin?
A. Learning sign language.B. Starting different schl clubs.
C. Having mre IT lessns.D. Adding a time-management class.
24. What are they mainly talking abut?
A Advice fr schl life.B. One mre subject at schl.
C. After-schl activities.D. Ppular subjects amng students.
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. D 24. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是青少年论坛上关于“如果你能在学校增加一门必修课，那会是什么？”的讨论。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据“A subject that gives students a better understanding f themselves.”可知，露西认为这门课能让学生更好地了解自己。故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Nt many peple knw hw t cmmunicate with thse wh have hearing prblems.”可知，威廉关心听力有问题的人。故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据“I’d suggest adding a time-management class.”可知，贾斯汀建议增加一门时间管理课程。故选D。
【24题详解】
主旨大意题。本文是青少年论坛上关于“如果你能在学校增加一门必修课，那会是什么？”的讨论。故选B。
Passage 2
Ray was a naughty(淘气的) student. But he was smart and hard-wrking. And he never lst a race r a chess game. He always came first in schl. He was s pleased with himself that he wuld always refuse t help thers.
“Ray, are yu able t g t the market and buy sme eggs?” asked his mther. Ray gave an excuse and refused, “Srry, Mm. I wuld be busy with my hmewrk.”
Jack, ne f Ray’s friends, wanted his help and asked, “Please help me slve this math prblem.” “Yu must use yur brain and slve it yurself.” replied the arrgant(傲慢的) Ray. Only ne thing was imprtant t Ray. His precius(珍贵的) pen! He cnsidered it as his lucky pen. But ne day Ray lst the pen.
Wrried Ray lked everywhere fr the pen, but culdn’t find it. Helplessly, he went t his mther fr help, “Mm, I lst my lucky pen! Please help me find it. I have a test tmrrw.”
His mther ignred(不理睬) his request and said, “I’m srry. I’m ging ut with Aunty Christme.”
With tears rlling dwn his eyes. Ray asked his friend fr help, “I have lst my lucky pen. I cannt finish the test withut it. Please help me find it!” “I’m srry, Ray. I have t revise fr tmrrw’s test. I dn’t have time t waste.” Jack replied.
Ray sat at his desk, crying his eyes ut, when his mther walked in t give his lucky pen t him. “I fund it under the sfa in the drawing rm.” said his mther.
“Many thanks. Mm!” said Ray. And thus, Ray learnt his lessn.
After that day, Ray helped everyne when pssible fr him.
25. T Ray’s mther and Jack, Ray was ________.
A. perfectB. unhelpfulC. carelessD. warm-hearted
26. Which f the fllwing is TRUE abut Ray?
A. He tld lies t his mther.B. He refused his friend’s help.
C. He helped his friend with math.D. He needed help t find his pen.
27. Hw did Ray learn his lessn?
A. By taking a test.B. By helping thers.
C. By sharing kindness.D. By experiencing wrries.
28. What can we learn frm the Passage?
A. Asking fr help necessary.B. Helping thers brings happiness.
C. Helping thers is t help urselves.D. Lking fr excuses fr urselves useless.
【答案】25. B 26. D 27. D 28. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了一个聪明优秀但又自私的男孩，因为丢失了自己心爱的幸运笔，在获得了别人的帮助下让他明白自私是不对的。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Ray gave an excuse and refused, ‘Srry, Mm. I wuld be busy with my hmewrk.’”和“‘Yu must use yur brain and slve it yurself.’ replied the arrgant(傲慢的) Ray.”可知，对雷的母亲和杰克来说，雷不帮什么忙。故选B。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Mm, I lst my lucky pen! Please help me find it. I have a test tmrrw.”和“I have lst my lucky pen. I cannt finish the test withut it. Please help me find it!”可知，雷需要人帮忙找到他的钢笔。故选D。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Ray sat at his desk, crying his eyes ut”和前文提到的妈妈和杰克的反应可知，雷从忧虑中吸取了教训。故选D。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据“He was s pleased with himself that he wuld always refuse t help thers.”和“After that day, Ray helped everyne when pssible fr him.”可知，帮助别人就是帮助自己。故选C。
Passage 3
In Pntevedra, Spain, peple dn’t shut. Since cars are nt allwed in the city, there are n hrns（喇叭）r nises frm car engines. Peple dn’t have t try hard t make themselves heard. What yu hear in the street, instead, is the singing f birds.
“Listen,” says Miguel Lres, the mayr（市长）, pening the windws f his ffice. Frm the street belw rises the sund f human vices. “Mre than 14,000 cars used t pass alng this street every day. There were mre cars passing thrugh the city in a day than peple living here.
Lres became mayr in 1999. He spent mnths walking arund the city. “The histrical city is dead,” he said ne day. “It is full f cars. It is heavily plluted. There are a lt f traffic accidents. The elderly and children aren’t able t use the streets because f cars. Peple wh had a chance t leave have dne s.”
At first, Lres thught f imprving traffic cnditins. Hwever, he culdn’t cme up with a gd plan. After lts f discussins, the gvernment finally decided t get rid f（清除）cars.
The change has brught Pntevedra many benefits. Traffic accidents are nw rare（罕见的）. CO2 emissins（排放物）are dwn by 70%. Many peple are mving t the city, making it lively again.
Mst lcal peple like the change. Ramir Armest, a mther f tw yung children, said, “In the past, the first thing t see in the mrning was traffic jams. Nw, the city is cleaner, quieter and safer.” Raquel Garcia, anther parent, said she had stayed in many cities arund the wrld. Hwever, she had never lived in a city as “easy t live in” as Pntevedra. “Even if it’s raining, I walk everywhere. The feeling is wnderful,” she added.
29. Frm Paragraph 1, we knw Pntevedra is a(n) ________ city in Spain.
A. ancientB. quietC. busyD. crwded
30. Fr Lres, what was the city Pntevedra’s main prblem?
A. The histrical city was dead.B. There were lts f traffic accidents.
C Many peple were leaving the city.D. There were t many cars in the city.
31. The underlined wrd “benefits” prbably means “________” in English.
A. chicesB. advantagesC. prblemsD. symbls
32. What is the purpse f the last paragraph?
A. T shw hw peple like the change.B. T let mre cities fllw the change.
C. T explain what peple think f the city.D. T tell why peple like living in Pntevedra.
33. What is the best title f the passage?
A. A city withut cars.B. The path t a city’s prgress.
C. A gd plan fr a city.D. The changes f Pntevedra.
【答案】29. B 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. A
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了西班牙的城市——蓬特韦德拉发生的巨大变化。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据“In Pntevedra, Spain, peple dn’t yu hear in the street, instead, is the singing f birds.”可知，蓬特韦德拉是西班牙的一个安静的城市，没有汽车的喧嚣，故选B。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据“It is full f cars. It is heavily wh had a chance t leave have dne s.”可知，对Lres来说，蓬特韦德拉的主要问题是汽车太多了，故选D。
【31题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“Traffic accidents are nw rare（罕见的）. CO2 emissins（排放物）are dwn by 70%. Many peple are mving t the city, making it lively again.”可知，交通事故现在很少见了。二氧化碳排放量下降了70%。许多人搬到这个城市，使它又活跃起来了。这是这个城市禁止汽车之后的好处，所以单词“benefits”指的是“优点”，故选B。
【32题详解】
段落大意题。根据“Mst lcal peple like the change.”以及整段的理解可知，本段主要是为了显示人们对这种变化的喜爱，故选A。
【33题详解】
最佳标题题。根据“In Pntevedra, Spain, peple dn’t shut. Since cars are nt allwed in the city, there are n hrns（喇叭）r nises frm car engines.”以及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了蓬特德韦德拉从一个街上挤满汽车到变成街上没有汽车行驶的城市，并讲述了街上没有汽车的好处，以及这一变化获得了当地居民的支持。所以本文的最佳标题是“没有汽车的城市”。故选A。
B. 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从短文后所给的六个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思完整、连贯，有两项为多余选项。
Passage 4
The right way t breathe（呼吸）during exercise
Exercising is great fr yur health-everyne knws this. Hwever, simply exercising isn’t enugh. It needs t be dne prperly.
While exercising, making sure yur breathing is crrect is very imprtant. Naturally, we breathe thrugh ur nse. ____34____ Nt really.
Breathing thrugh yur nse has its advantages. Yur nse hair acts like an air filter（过滤器）. Breathing thrugh yur nse als warms and mistens（使……湿润）the air. Hwever, when yu exercise, yu shuld always make sure that yu are taking in enugh xygen（氧气）. Yu can breathe thrugh yur nse while ding lighter exercise like yga. During mre heavy exercise, such as running, it is better t breathe thrugh yur muth.
____35____
Hwever, mst peple usually take quicker breaths while ding any heavy exercise. ____36____ Quicker breathing is nt a prper way f breathing. This can cause dizziness（头晕）and ther health prblems.
In fact, while ding exercise like running, ne shuld breathe in a 3:2 rati（比率）. This means that fr the first three steps, the persn shuld be inhaling（吸气）deeply. Fr the next tw steps, the persn shuld be exhaling（呼气）fully. In this way yu can take in the largest amunt f xygen.
____37____ While we ften breathe thrugh ur nse, breathing thrugh ur muth is a gd chice as well. Smetimes peple use bth their nse and muth t breathe. While ding any exercise, yur breaths shuld be deep, rather than quick. This will help yu t burn mre fat and keep yu fitter.
A. Let’s g ver the basic pints ne mre time.
B. Generally speaking, simply exercising isn’t enugh.
C. This is ne f the mst cmmn mistakes that peple make while exercising.
D. Hwever, d yu knw the right way t breathe during exercise?
E. By ding s, yu can take in a higher amunt f air and thus xygen.
F. But when yu exercise, is breathing thrugh the nse always the best chice?
【答案】34. F 35. E 36. C 37. A
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍了运动时的正确的呼吸方式。
【34题详解】
根据“Naturally, we breathe thrugh ur nse.”以及“Nt really.”可知，此处应是提出质疑：一直用鼻子呼吸是否好，选项F“但是当你锻炼时，用鼻子呼吸总是最好的选择吗？”符合语境，故选F。
【35题详解】
根据“During mre heavy exercise, such as running, it is better t breathe thrugh yur muth.”可知，此处应是说用嘴呼吸的好处，选项E“通过这样做，你可以吸入更多的空气，从而吸入更多的氧气。”符合语境，故选E。
【36题详解】
根据“Hwever, mst peple usually take quicker breaths while ding any heavy exercise.”以及“Quicker breathing is nt a prper way f breathing. This can cause dizziness（头晕）and ther health prblems.”可知，此处指出这样的呼吸方式是错误的，选项C“这是人们在锻炼时最常犯的错误之一。”符合语境，故选C。
【37题详解】
根据“While we ften breathe thrugh ur nse, breathing thrugh ur muth is a gd chice as well...”可知，本段应是总结上文，A选项“让我们再复习一遍基本要点。”符合语境，故选A。
Ⅳ. 情景交际（本题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
根据对话内容，从所给的七个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，使对话内容完整，有两项为多余选项。
Tny: Hi, Tny speaking.
Daming: Hi, Tny. ____38____ D yu want t g t the museum this weekend? There will be an exhibitin there.
Tny: ____39____ What’s the exhibitin abut?
Daming: It’s abut animals in danger and what the gvernment is ding t prtect them.
Tny: ____40____ I’m ding my hmewrk abut that. What time will it start?
Daming: At eight ’clck.
Tny: ____41____
Daming: At half past seven, utside the schl gate.
Tny: OK. ____42____
Daming: See yu.
A. Let’s g.
B. S what time shall we meet?
C. See yu then.
D. Oh, I’d like t see it.
E. What’s the matter?
F. This is Daming.
G. Oh, it’s very nice f yu t ask me.
【答案】38. F 39. G 40. D 41. B 42. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是二人打电话谈论关于去博物馆看关于濒危动物的展览。
【38题详解】
根据“Hi, Tny speaking.”和“Hi, Tny.”可知，此处是二人打电话，选项F“我是大明。”符合语境，故选F。
【39题详解】
根据“D yu want t g t the museum this weekend? There will be an exhibitin there.”可知，对方邀请去博物馆看展览，出于礼貌应表示感谢，选项G“哦，你邀请我真是太好了。”符合语境，故选G。
【40题详解】
根据“I’m ding my hmewrk abut that. What time will it start?”可知，对方想去看展览，选项D“哦，我想去看看。”符合语境，故选D。
【41题详解】
根据“At half past seven, utside the schl gate.”可知，对时间提问，选项B“那我们什么时候见面？”符合语境，故选B。
【42题详解】
根据“See yu.”可知，此处应说“到时候见”，选项C“到时候见。”符合语境，故选C。
G. Oh, it’s very nice f yu t ask me.
第Ⅱ卷 非选择题（共68分）
Ⅴ. 词汇运用
A. 用括号中所给词的适当形式完成下列句子。（本题共6小题，每小题1分，共6分）
43. My father wrks as a vlunteer t ffer ________ help t the cmmunity. （he）
【答案】his
【解析】
【详解】句意：我父亲一名志愿者，为社区提供帮助。此处作定语修饰help，用形容词性物主代词。故填his。
44. We decided t stay at hme because it was ________ heavily. (rain)
【答案】raining
【解析】
【详解】句意：我们决定待在家里，因为雨正下得很大。根据“We decided t stay at hme”及“was”可知because引导的原因状语从句应采用过去进行时，其谓语结构为：was/were+现在分词，动词rain的现在分词为raining。故填raining。
45. When yu d yur hmewrk, yu need t write ________.（careful）
【答案】carefully
【解析】
【详解】句意：当你做作业的时候，你需要仔细地写。此处在句中修饰动词，用副词形式，表示“仔细地写”，故填carefully。
46. Scientists are trying t find life n Mars but they ________ anything yet. (nt find)
【答案】haven’t fund
【解析】
【详解】句意：科学家们正试图在火星上寻找生命，但他们还没有发现任何东西。根据“yet”可知，句子应用现在完成时，结构是“have/has+过去分词”，主语是they，助动词用have，否定直接在have后接nt，可以缩写成haven’t，故填haven’t fund。
47. The mre yu g jgging, the ________ yu will feel. Just try it!（healthy）
【答案】healthier
【解析】
【详解】句意：你慢跑得越多，你就会感觉越健康。试试吧！根据“The mre yu g jgging, will feel.”可知，此处是“The+比较级，the+比较级”结构，意为“越……，越……”。故填healthier。
48. During a meal in the West, peple use ________ and frks mst f the time.（knife）
【答案】knives
【解析】
【详解】句意：在西方吃饭时，人们大多数时候使用刀叉。knife“刀”，此处与“frks”并列，使用名词复数形式，故填knives。
B.选词填空（本题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）
阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的词或短语并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每个词或短语限用一次。
The father f China’s space prgram
Qian Xuesen was ne f the greatest Chinese scientists f mdern times. Peple call him the “father f China’s space prgram” fr the wrk he did in helping develp the cuntry’s first rckets(火箭), missiles(导弹) and satellites(人造卫星). He helped China becme a ____49____ fr technlgy and enter a new space age.
Qian was brn in Shanghai in 1911. He went t Shanghai Jia Tng University, and then tk a schlarship t study at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy(MIT) in the USA in 1935, Frm there, he mved t the Califrnia Institute f Technlgy(Caltech), where he became an expert(专家) in aerdynamics(空气动力学) and jet prpulsin(喷气推进). One f his university ____50____ at Caltech described him as a genius an unusually clever persn.
Qian stayed in the USA during the Secnd Wrld War t d sme wrk n jet prpulsin, and he sn became ne f the ____51____ rcket scientists in the USA. In 1950, he decided t return t China, but the American gvernment tried ____52____ him frm leaving and even frm mving arund freely in Califrnia. At last, in 1955, he ____53____ return t China.
Back hme, Qian at nce ____54____ helping China develp a space prgram. He started the Institute f Mechanics in Beijing, where he trained yung scientists. He wrked n many imprtant space ____55____. In 1960, China’s first rcket and first missile were launched(发射) ____56____. In 1970, China launched its first satellite. It is largely because f Qian’s ____57____ that China s quickly develped a space prgram, and became nly the third cuntry t send a manned rcket int space in 2003.
Qian watched this rcket launch n televisin. He was by he will always be ____58____ fr his great cntributins(贡献). He wrking s hard fr his cuntry, even thrugh difficult times, helping develp the space prgram that pushed China int the future.
【答案】49. center
50. teachers
51. mst imprtant
52. t stp
53. was able t
54. began 55. prjects
56. successfully
57. wrk 58. remembered
【解析】
【导语】本文向我们介绍著名的科学家钱学森。
【49题详解】
句意：他帮助中国成为科技中心，并进入了一个新的太空时代。根据“He helped China becme technlgy and enter a new space age.”可知，他帮助中国成为科技中心，center“中心”，a修饰可数名词单数，故填center。
【50题详解】
句意：他在加州理工学院的一位老师称他为天才——一个异常聪明的人。根据“One f his Caltech described him as a genius an unusually clever persn.”可知，加州理工学院的一位老师称他为天才，teacher“老师”，ne f后加名词复数形式，故填teachers。
【51题详解】
句意：钱在第二次世界大战期间留在美国从事一些关于喷气推进的工作，他很快成为美国最重要的火箭科学家之一。根据“and he sn became ne f scientists in the USA”可知，他很快成为美国最重要的火箭科学家之一，imprtant“重要的”，此处是“ne f the+最高级+名词复数”结构，故填mst imprtant。
【52题详解】
句意：1950年，他决定回国，但美国政府试图阻止他离开，甚至阻止他在加州自由活动。根据“but the American gvernment frm leaving”可知，美国政府试图阻止他离开，stp“阻止”，try t d sth“试图做某事”，故填t stp。
【53题详解】
句意：最后，在1955年，他回到了中国。根据“At last, in 1955, t China.”可知，最后回到了中国，be able t“能”，时态是一般过去时，故填was able t。
【54题详解】
句意：回国后，钱立即开始帮助中国发展太空计划。根据“Qian at China develp a space prgram”可知，回国后，钱立即开始帮助中国发展太空计划，begin“开始”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填began。
【55题详解】
句意：他参与了许多重要的太空项目。根据“He wrked n many imprtant space...”可知，他参与了许多重要的太空项目，prject“项目”，many修饰可数名词复数，故填prjects。
【56题详解】
句意：1960年，中国第一枚火箭和第一枚导弹发射成功。根据“China’s first rcket and first missile were launched...”可知，中国第一枚火箭和第一枚导弹发射成功，用副词successfully修饰动词，故填successfully。
【57题详解】
句意：这很大程度上是因为钱的工作，中国如此迅速地开发了一个太空计划，并成为2003年唯一一个将载人火箭送入太空的国家。根据“It is largely because f Qian’ China s quickly develped a space prgram”可知，因为钱学森的工作，中国如此迅速地开发了一个太空计划，wrk“工作”符合语境，故填wrk。
【58题详解】
句意：他的伟大贡献将永远被人们铭记。根据“He was by he will always his great cntributins(贡献).”可知，他的伟大贡献将永远被人们铭记，remember“记住”，此处是被动语态，动词用过去分词形式，故填remembered。
Ⅵ. 阅读理解（二）（本共6小题，每小题2分，共12分）
Passage 5
阅读下面短文，根报短文内容，回答下列问题。
If yu want t help prtect the envirnment and save the planet, we’ve gt sme easy ways f ging green.
·Avid fd waste
G green and knw the imprtant f finishing yur meals t avid fd waste. D yur bit t save the planet as well by planning yur meals fr the week, s yu nly buy what yu need.
·Use reusable bttles
Earth Day is a great time fr yu t drink frm reusable water bttles when yu’re ut and abut. Yu shuld frm gd water-saving habits arund the huse, t.
·Try mre plant-based meals
Try t eat less meat. It’s a surprisingly simple way we can all use t help save the planet. Try with ne day a week t get yu start, and then expand t mre days when pssible.
·Cut dwn n the air cnditiner（空调）
Whenever yu can, g green and pen the windw fr sme natural air. If yu can’t live withut yur air cnditiner, set in at between 25℃ and 27℃ fr the mst energy-efficient（节能的）temperature.
·Wise up t（意识到）recycling
Yu dn’t need us t tell yu hw imprtant it is t reduce, reuse and recycle. Becming a less “thrw away” sciety is a great message t pass n. Dn’t thrw away perfectly gd things just because yu are sick f them, r n lnger use them. Instead, give them t thers r list them n a free cllectin site nline.
·Knw mre abut nature
There’s n better way t knw abut the envirnment than by getting yurself utdrs and int nature! Whether it’s raining r sunny, yu can knw abut the envirnment.
59. Hw many ways f ging green are there in the text?
___________________________________________________________
60. Accrding t the writer, what can we d t avid fd waste?
__________________________________________________________
61. T save energy, what is the right way t use the air cnditiner?
__________________________________________________________
62. D yu think it is necessary fr us t get urselves utdrs and int nature? Why?
__________________________________________________________
63. Why did the writer write this text?
__________________________________________________________
64. Accrding t the text, hw green are yu in yur daily life?
__________________________________________________________
【答案】59. Six/ 6.
60 We can finish ur meals and buy what we need t avid fd waste.
61. T set it at between 25℃ and 27℃.
62. Yes, because we can knw mre abut the envirnment.
63. T tell us sme easy ways f ging green.
64. I ride my bike t schl every day, and every time I g shpping with my mther, we carry ur clth shpping bags.（答案不唯一）
【解析】
【导语】本文提出了几种如何保护环境的方法。
【59题详解】
根据“·Avid fd waste”，“·Use reusable bttles”，“·Try mre plant-based meals”，“·Cut dwn n the air cnditiner（空调）”，“·Wise up t（意识到）recycling”，“·Knw mre abut nature”可知，文章一共提出了6种方法，故填Six/ 6.
【60题详解】
根据“G green and knw the imprtant f finishing yur meals t avid fd waste. D yur bit t save the planet as well by planning yur meals fr the week, s yu nly buy what yu need.”可知，通过“吃完每顿饭，计划一周的饮食，只买需要的东西”的方式避免食物浪费，故填We can finish ur meals and buy what we need t avid fd waste.
【61题详解】
根据“If yu can’t live withut yur air cnditiner, set in at between 25℃ and 27℃ fr the mst energy-efficient（节能的）temperature.”可知，把空调设置在25℃到27℃之间，因为这是最节能的温度，故填T set it at between 25℃ and 27℃.
【62题详解】
根据“There’s n better way t knw abut the envirnment than by getting yurself utdrs and int nature! Whether it’s raining r sunny, yu can knw abut the envirnment.”可知，到户外去亲近大自然是更好的了解环境的方式，故填Yes, because we can knw mre abut the envirnment.
【63题详解】
根据“If yu want t help prtect the envirnment and save the planet, we’ve gt sme easy ways f ging green.”可知，作者写本文的目的是为了介绍一些简单的环保方法，让我们更好地保护环境、保护地球，故填T tell us sme easy ways f ging green.
【64题详解】
主观题，符合题意即可。参考答案：I ride my bike t schl every day, and every time I g shpping with my mther, we carry ur clth shpping bags.（答案不唯一）
Ⅶ. 写
A. 句子翻译（本题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
65. 老师经常告诉我们不要嘲笑别人，这样很粗鲁。
The teacher ften tells us nt t ________ It’s rude.
【答案】laugh at thers
【解析】
【详解】结合中英文提示可知，此处缺少“嘲笑别人”，laugh at“嘲笑”，是固定短语，空前有t，此处动词用原形，thers“别人”，故填laugh at thers。
66. 请问，这附近有书店吗？
Excuse me, _____________________________________
【答案】is there a bkshp near here?
【解析】
【详解】there be有，a bkshp作主语，near here作状语，此处是一般疑问句，主语是单数，be动词用is，故填is there a bkshp near here?
67. 大连人都很友好，这就是我喜欢这座城市的原因。
__________________ and that is why I lve the city.
【答案】The peple in Dalian are all friendly
【解析】
【详解】“大连人”可用the peple in Dalian表示，“都”用all表示，“友好”是形容词friendly，谓语应用be动词，句子应用一般现在时，主语the peple表示复数意义，be动词应用are。故填The peple in Dalian are all friendly。
68. 去年大明入选了学校足球队。
__________________________________________________
【答案】Daming was chsen fr the schl ftball team last year.
【解析】
【详解】“去年”last year，“大明”Daming，“入选了学校足球队”be chsen fr the schl ftball team，时态是一般过去时，主语是“Daming”，be动词用was。故填Daming was chsen fr the schl ftball team last year.
69. 如果你有什么问题，可以去问老师。
__________________________________________________
【答案】If yu have any questins, yu can ask yur teacher(s).
【解析】
【详解】如果if，你yu，有什么问题have any questins，可以can，去问老师ask yur teacher(s)。故填If yu have any questins, yu can ask yur teacher(s).
B. 书面表达（共20分）
70. 生活中，我们往往会因为某件事而感到烦恼，但是如果我们用积极、正向的态度去面对，可能不但问题迎刃而解，而且我们还会从中懂得做人做事的道理。假如你是李华，班级即将举行以“D nt wrry. Be happy!”为主题的英语班会，请你用英语写一篇短文，结合具体事例与同学们分享你在这方面的体会。
内容提示：
（1）What made yu unhappy?
（2）Hw did it help yu grw as a persn?
要求：
（1）中心突出，语义连贯，层次清晰，书写规范。
（2）文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名。
（3）词数80左右。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文：
In ur lives, we smetimes becme upset and wrried abut smething. Hwever, if we face the prblems with a psitive attitude, nt nly can we find slutins t ur prblems, but we can als learn valuable lessns abut life.
I remember the day when I failed a math test. I was sad and felt disappinted in myself. Hwever, instead f crying ver my mistakes, I decided t change the situatin with a psitive attitude. I analyzed my weak areas and asked help frm my teacher and classmates. With their guidance and supprt, I had a better understanding f the subject and achieved better results in the fllwing tests.
This experience helped me grw as a persn. It made me realize that every failure is a chance fr persnal imprvement, and that a psitive attitude can lead t better results and pleasure.
【解析】
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态综合使用“一般现在时”和“一般过去时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，要求以“D nt wrry. Be happy!”为主题，结合提示问题进行写作，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图，引出对下文的介绍；
第二步，介绍什么让自己不开心；
第三步，介绍它如何帮助你成长为一个人。
[亮点词汇]
①felt disappinted in对……感到失望
②instead f而不是
③had a better understanding f有了更好的理解
[高分句型]
①Hwever, if we face the prblems with a psitive attitude, nt nly can we find slutins t ur prblems, but we can als learn valuable lessns abut life.（if引导的条件状语从句）
②It made me realize that every failure is a chance fr persnal imprvement, and that a psitive attitude can lead t better results and pleasure.（that引导的宾语从句）
Wilde
17:25 Feb. 18, 2023
If yu culd add ne cmpulsry(必修的) subject at yur schl, what wuld it be? Why?
Lucy
18:30
Feb. 18, 2023
A subject that gives students a better understanding f themselves.
Accrding t sme surveys(调查), many middle schl students dn’t have a dream. A persn withut a dream is like a ship sailing withut cmpass(指南针).
Teaching students t understand themselves better can help them discver their strenghs and weaknesses. Then, they will have mre cnfidence and a clearer directin in life.
LIKE(38) REPLY
William
19:20
Feb. 18, 2023
I wuld suggest adding sign language(手语). Nt many peple knw hw t cmmunicate with thse wh have hearing prblems. It wuld be very helpful if we culd start t learn sign language when we are yung. This wuld teach us t treat thse wh are less frtunate(幸运的) with respect(尊重).
LIKE(17) REPLY
Justin
19:46
Feb. 18, 2023
I’d suggest adding a time-management class. Nwadays, many students are addicted t(上瘾) their phnes. Sme f them sleep late because they can’t balance their studies with gaming. A time-management class will help students learn “first things first”. This will help make sure that they lead a healthy life.
LIKE(58) REPLY
imprtant be able t stp teacher center
wrk remember begin prject successfully