2024届湖南省雅礼中学名校大联考高三上学期第一次月考英语试题含解析

这是一份2024届湖南省雅礼中学名校大联考高三上学期第一次月考英语试题含解析，共60页。试卷主要包含了15等内容，欢迎下载使用。

注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A.₤19.15. B.₤9.18. C.₤9.15.
答案是C。
4. What are the speakers ging t d mst prbably?
A. G hiking. B. Visit a shp. C.Have dinner
2. Hw des the man feel nw?
A. Embarrassed. B. Refreshed. C. Surprised.
3. What’s the relatinship between the tw speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Custmer,and waiter. C.Clleagues.
4.What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. A sng. B. A fan. C. A trip.
5. What did the children fail t d in the Ocean Park?
A. Watch dlphin shws. B. See the white whales. C. Feed the sea turtles.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What’s the date tday?
A. It’s December 23. B. It’s December 24. C. It’s December 25.
7. What will the speakers give their father?
A. Sme mney. B. An air-cnditiner. C. Sme flwers.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8.Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. In the classrm. B. In a library. C. In a cafeteria.
9.What has the wman been busy ding?
A. Meeting all her prfessrs.
B. Writing papers fr her classes.
C. Wrking vertime as a librarian.
10. What des the man give the wman?
A. A piece f advice. B. A cup f cffee. C. Sme papers.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why didn’t the wman have time t exercise?
A. She had t lk after her daughter.
B. She had t lk after her husband.
C. She had t prepare fr the cming Christmas.
12. What is the first step t access infrmatin?
A. Tapping the screen.
B. Dwnlading an app.
C. Lighting up three lights.
13. What will the wman d next?
A G hme. B. Keep running. C. Meet her friend.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Hw did the wman feel abut finding a jb?
A. Difficult. B. Interesting. C. Necessary
15. What did the wman d in Shanghai?
A. She tk a trip t the city.
B. She interviewed smene.
C. She asked fr a jb.
16. When did the wman get her first jb?
A. In 2007. B. In 2013. C. In 2014.
17. Where des the wman expect t fly in the future?
A. In America. B. In Africa. C. In Eurpe.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Hw can players scre in the game?
A. By thrwing garbage int the right bins.
B. By cllecting garbage as much as pssible.
C. By leaving the least garbage at the end f the game.
19.What was the main purpse f making this game?
A. T make garbage srting interesting.
B. T shw the imprtance f garbage srting.
C. T spread infrmatin n garbage srting t the yung.
20.What des Zhu Zhu think f the game?
A. It’s ineffective. B. It’s challenging. C. It’s helpful
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
A huge number f exchange prgrams and summer schl prgrams are ffered t internatinal students arund freign universities wrldwide. Tday we explain the tp student exchange prgrams -and -summer prgrams ffered t freign students.
Vienna Summer Schl
Vienna Summer Schl prvides an incredible pprtunity fr 30 bachelr-level students t research side by side with wrld tp researchers in the field f biengineering. This paid summer prgram aims t attract internatinal students and create an excellent research envirnment. This is a perfect pprtunity fr thse students wh are interested in the field f life science. The duratin f Vienna Summer Schl is frm Saturday, July 1 t August 28,2023.
SUSI Student Leaders Prgram
Bachelr-level students in Pakistan wh are interested in the tpic f public, lcal, state and federal plicy making are invited t study in the USA thrugh the shrt-tern SUSI student prgram 2023 held at the University f Massachusetts. This is an exchange prgram fr Pakistani students. All expenses and accmmdatin csts will be cvered by SUSI, s the applicatin perid is very shrt.
Hansen Leadership Exchange Prgram
The Hansen Summer Institute fr Leadership is nw pen fr the summer exchange prgram 2023. The Hansen summer prgram ffers the pprtunity t the USA and internatinal students t build better leadership skills and a cultural understanding envirnment fr the future. This 3-week summer exchange prgram is pen fr undergraduate, graduate,and dctral students with any academic backgrund.
IWP Summer Exchange Prgram
IWP Summer Exchange Prgram 2023 is a tw-week writing and culture exchange prgram fr Pakistani and Indian students in Iwa City, USA. The applicant frm 18 t 22 frm these cuntries with a backgrund in art humanities is welcme t apply. This prgram will fcus n creativity and is free fr the selected applicants. The selected candidates will wrk tgether n the creatin f paintings and sculptures.
1. Which prgram suits students wh like bilgy?
A. Vienna Summer Schl.
B. SUSI Student Leaders Prgram.
C. IWP Summer Exchange Prgram.
D. Hansen Leadership Exchange Prgram.
2. Why shuld students apply fr SUSI Student Leaders Prgram early?
A. It is fully funded.
B It is a shrt-term prgram.
C. It is limited t pstgraduates.
D. It is supprted by the gvernment.
3. What will students in IWP Summer Exchange Prgram d?
A. Offer plicy advice.B. Cnduct research.
C. Write academic papers.D. Create artwrks.
B
Visinary architects design buildings which speak fr themselves. Frm twering cncrete pillars t sculptural mdernist dmes (穹顶), the wrk f Balkrishna Vithaldas Dshi defined Indian architecture fr the latter half f the 20th century. Knwn as B. V. Dshi, he was a versatile mdernist architect—he designed everything frm accessible husing prjects t the Indian Institute f Management in Bangalre. Sadly, the great architect died n January 24,2023, at the age f 95, leaving behind a fascinating legacy.
Brn n August 26, 1927, in Pune, sutheast f Mumbai, Dshi grew up with his father and grandfather, a furniture maker. As a child he came t appreciate hw their huse grew and changed. In 1947, shrtly befre Indian independence, he began architecture schl. Hwever, he never finished, a fact which he’d later pint t in life as an advantage. He married his wife Kamala Parikh in 1955. When she passed away, Dshi lived in a huse he designed and named fr his belved wife.
Dshi was influenced by the famus Swiss-French architect knwn as Le Crbusier. Dshi studied with him in Paris and then returned t India t supervise the architect’s wrk in Ahmedabad. In 1956, Dshi funded his wn firm called Vastushilpa. He traveled the wrld lecturing at universities, wrked with ther famus architects, and even funded the Center fr Envirnmental Planning and Technlgy (nw CEPT University) fcusing n understanding, designing, planning, cnstructing and managing human habitats.
“We did nt want t imitate smene else’s apprach,” he tld the Luisiana Museum f Mdern Art in 2018.“We wanted t find ur wn identity.” He drew frm his pride in Indian culture t create a style distinct frm Western designs. “I think f my buildings as my friends, my family,” he said. “I have a cnversatin with them, and that’s hw I create niches and staircases and penings and gardens…my buildings are nt nly pure and clear but designed t anticipate changes.
Aside frm his mdern wrks, Dshi was devted t creating wrks t benefit the pr. He designed the Aranya Lw Cst Husing Prject in Indre. The phtgrapher Iwan Baan, wh phtgraphed sme f Dshi’s wrks, described the artist as “the mst apprachable architect I knw. Even very pr peple in his public husing prjects knew him, which is exceptinal.”
4. Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd “versatile” in paragraph 1?
A Ppular.B. mdest
C. frward-lking.D. well-runded
5. What d we knw abut Dshi’s life?
A. He had a miserable childhd.
B. He regretted leaving schl early.
C. He made a cntributin t higher educatin in architecture.
D. He set up his cmpany under the guidance f Le Crbusier.
6. What des the authr want t illustrate by quting Dshi’s wrds?
A The public supprt fr Dshi.
B. The riginality f Dshi’s wrks.
C. Dshi’s pen mind n changes.
D. Dshi’s lve f architectural design.
7. What is the purpse f the text?
A. T give a brief accunt f Dshi’s life.
B. T encurage peple t visit Dshi’s wrks.
C. T remember India’s great architect Dshi.
D. T advertise Dshi’s architectural philsphy.
C
PFAS are fund in nnstick pans, water-prf fabrics and fd packaging. They’re called frever chemicals because f their ability t stick arund and nt break dwn. Nw, using a bit f heat and tw relatively cmmn cmpunds, researchers have degraded (降解) the chemical in the lab.
While sme scientists have fund relatively simple ways f breaking dwn select PFAS, mst degradatin methds require harsh prcesses using intense pressure — in sme cases ver 22 mega-pascals — r extremely high temperatures — smetimes upwards f 1,000℃ — t break the chemical bnds.
William Dichtel, frm Nrthwestern University in Evanstn, and his team experimented with tw substances fund in nearly every chemistry lab; sdium hydrxide (氢氧化钠), als knwn as lye, and a slvent (溶剂) called DMSO. The team wrked specifically n a grup f frever chemicals which cntain a large percentage f PFAS.
When the team cmbined chemicals with the lye and DMSO at 120℃ and with n extra pressure needed, the carblic acid (羧酸) fell ff the chemicals and became carbn dixide. “What happened next was unexpected, ” Dichtel said. The lss f the acid helped degrade the chemicals int fluride ins (氟离子) and smaller carbn-cntaining prducts, leaving behind n harmful by-prducts.
“It’s a neat methd; it’s different frm thers that have been tried,” says Chris Sales, an envirnmental engineer at Drexel University in Philadelphia wh was nt invlved in the study. “The biggest questin is hw this culd be adapted and scaled up. Understanding this mechanism is just ne step in unding frever chemicals,” Sales said.
This prcess wuldn’t wrk t deal with PFAS in the envirnment, because it requires a cncentrated amunt f the chemicals, but it culd ne day be used in wastewater treatment plants, where the pllutants culd be filtered ut f the water, cncentrated and then brken dwn.
8. What can we learn abut the previus ways t break dwn PFAS?
A. They’re ec-friendly.B. They’ve been widely used.
C. They’re difficult t perate.D. They’re regarded as useless.
9. What did the team d in their experiment?
A. They experimented with different slvents.
B. They tried tw very cmmn substances.
C. They tested every grup f frever chemicals,
D. They expsed chemicals t extreme temperatures.
10. What made the researchers mst surprised in their experiment?
A. Envirnmentally-friendly reactins ccurred.
B. The carbxylic acid became carbn dixide.
C. N extra pressure was needed fr the trial.
D. The lye and DMSO culd wrk at 120℃,
11. What can we infer frm Chris Sales’ wrds?
A. It is difficult t deal with PFAS in the envirnment.
B. This mechanism will sn be used in the envirnment.
C. The methd will be applied t different kinds f chemicals.
D. Mre research is needed befre the methd is widely used.
D
The idea that the nrmal human bdy temperature is abut 37℃ was first presented by the German physician Carl Reinhld August Wunderlich in 1851. Since then, it’s becme s widely accepted that it serves as a tuchstne fr health—a diagnstic tl used by physicians and parents as a basic indicatr f whether smene is sick r well. Hwever, it turns ut that this well-established fact isn’t, in fact, crrect—r, t put it mre accurately, human beings have been getting cler ver the years.
Recent studies have shwn that temperature recrds f grups f peple have tended t run lw cmpared t the accepted nrm (标准), s the Stanfrd team, led by Julie Par-snnet,MD, prfessr f medicine and f health research and plicy, decided t d a mre in-depth study t cmpare mdern measurements with histrical recrds t try t identify bdy temperature trends and, perhaps, uncver the reasn why this cling is happening.
Fr their research, the Stanfrd team lked at three distinct data sets frm tw histrical perids. After ging thrugh 677,423 temperature measurements, the team fund that men brn in the 21st century had an average bdy temperature f 0.6℃ lwer than that f thse brn in the early 19th century while mdern wmen shwed an average decrease f 0.03℃ cmpared t thse brn in the 1890s.
As t why this is happening, the researchers say that the mst likely mechanism is a reductin in the human metablic rate (代谢率) due t envirnmental factrs: One pssibility is that imprvements in public health ver 200 years have reduced the incidence f inflammatins (炎症),which prmte metablism. This cmbined with peple living mre cmfrtable lives in mre stable envirnments means that the bdy desn’t have t wrk as hard t stay warm, s the average temperature falls.
”The envirnment that we’re living in has changed, including the temperature in ur hmes, ur cntact with micrrganisms (微生物) and the fd that we have access t. All these things mean that althugh we cnsider human beings as the same fr all f human evlutin, we’re nt the same. We’re actually changing physilgically,” Parsnnet said.
12. What is Carl Reinhld August Wunderlich’s achievement?
A. He set up standards fr human health services.
B. He predicted trends in human bdy temperature.
C. He first used bdy temperature as a health indicatr.
D. He prpsed the standard human bdy temperature.
13. What can we learn abut the Stanfrd team’s study?
A. It shws wmen have a lwer bdy temperature than men.
B. It prves human bdy temperature has drpped at a faster rate.
C. It cmpared histrical and current human bdy temperature data.
D. It suggested updating the definitin f the average bdy temperature.
14. Which f the fllwing is thught t cause the decrease in human bdy temperature?
A. The imprved living cnditins.
B. The cntact with ther creatures.
C. The decline in physically demanding wrk.
D. The adaptatin f humans t climate change.
15. Which ne culd be the best title fr the text?
A. What exactly is nrmal human bdy temperature?
B. Why des human bdy temperature need measuring?
C. Human bdy temperature has decreased ver the years
D. Human bdy temperature changes with the envirnment
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Brn in 1961, Snussi, a Frenchman, first came t China in 1983. At that time, he was a law student at Aix-en-Prvence University and accmpanied his father n a business trip t China.
____16____In March 2006, Snussi mved t Ningb t help his father wh had set up his exprt business. After living there fr mre than seven years, Snussi realized that what he missed mst was a traditinal French bakery.“____17____, which made Chinese, Krean, r Eurpean-style bread, but we culdn’t find that specific French taste. It was unlike ur daily bread,because in my hme cuntry, bread is a bit like rice in China,” he explained. In June 2013,Snussi pened an authentic (正宗的) French bakery in Ningb. Thugh he had n baking experience, he quickly learned the rpes frm a French baker.____18____.
What makes Mn Epque unique is its authentic French identity, which guarantees a genuine French taste every day. “We are ne f the few French bakeries in China that directly imprts flur frm France, prduced in the Cgnac regin frm French wheat.____19____. These are the tw mst imprtant ingredients in baking. This allws us t guarantee the same taste and quality day in, day ut. We pay attentin t the quality and the taste f ur prducts s that ur patrns can experience the same feeling every day,” he said.
____20____. In 2008,he dnated ver 30,000 yuan($4,300)t Wenchuan in Sichuan Prvince. In Ningb, he dnated T-shirts fr students with disabilities and gave schlarships t utstanding students at a schl. Fr several years, he spnsred (赞助) the Pink Ribbn Campaign rganized by a team f freign wmen t raise awareness abut breast cancer. He als spnsred activities t encurage mre peple t lk after stray dgs.
A. This French baker was famus fr his unique bakery
B. Snussi is keen n scial activities in Ningb
C. The butter used is als imprted frm France
D. Snussi enjys helping peple in need
E. This visit was a culture shck fr him
F. He named his brand Mn Epque
G. We had gd bakeries in Ningb
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
During my stay at the University f Michigan, ne f the senir prfessrs asked me t jin a seminar n culture and emtin. In a general____21____f self-intrductins, I intrduced myself in a(n)____22____Dutch way as ne f thse wh are “interested in culture and emtin”. The prfessr supplemented (补充) my self-intrductin t____23____American standards, saying I was ne f the wrld’s experts n the____24____. In respnse, I lked dwn in____25____, and thught that “expert” was a big wrd.
When I lived in Nrth Carlina, my new friends came ver t ____26____. Cnversatins were full f interest and energy, and there was a lt f ____27____. At the end f the evening, when my guests left, they thanked me fr the dinner. My heart____28____, because I was brn and raised in the Netherlands, where “thanking fr dinner” means the relatinship is ____29____. Emtins are different enugh t feel ut f____30____when yu mve frm ne culture t anther. The prfessr at the University f Michigan meant t make me feel____31____, but instead made me uncmfrtable. My friends meant t shw ____32____, but they made me think they were distancing themselves frm me.
We think abut emtins as feelings deep inside us, but in____33____, ur emtins happen in interactins with thers. In my wn culture, it was hard t bserve the____34____emtins f thers, but I was able t see them when I mved t the US—a different____35____frm where I was raised.
21. A. analysisB. stateC. letterD. rund
22. A. understatedB. interestingC. dramaticD. prud
23. A. setB. fitC. evaluateD. recmmend
24. A. apprachB. situatinC. tpicD. curse
25. A. curisityB. pityC. disappintmentD. embarrassment
26. A. playB. dineC. wrkD. perfrm
27. A. supprtB. niseC. funD. arguing
28. A. sankB. meltedC. racedD. pened
29. A. harmniusB. nrmalC. strngD. distant
30. A. dateB. shapeC. placeD. sight
31. A. reliableB. gdC. seriusD. careful
32. A. gratitudeB. respectC. admiratinD. affectin
33. A. ttalB. advanceC. detailD. reality
34. A. unbelievableB. pureC. invisibleD. pwerful
35. A. levelB. cultureC. standardD. value
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
3D bi-printing inside the human bdy culd be pssible thanks t a new sft rbt. The device features____36____printing head directly munted nt the tip f a sft rbtic arm. This printing head, ____37____ cnsists f sft artificial muscles that allw it t mve in three directins, wrks very____38____(similar) t cnventinal desktp 3D printers.
The sft rbtic arm can bend and twist and can be made at any length____39____ (require). The printing nzzle (喷嘴) can be prgrammed t print per-determined shapes, r perated manually. ____40____ additin, a research team used a machine learning-based cntrller which can aid the printing prcess.
The team____41____(explain) hw the device culd ptentially be used as an all-in-ne surgical tl t perfrm a range f____42____(functin). They said this culd be especially imprtant in surgery____43____(remve) certain cancers.
The ability t carry ut such multi-functinal prcedures____44____(demnstrate) n a pig’s intestine (肠) last mnth and the researchers say the results shw that the device is a ____45____(prmise)candidate fr the future develpment f an all-in-ne endscpic surgical tl. The next stage f develpment fr the system is in viv (活体的) testing n living animals t demnstrate its practical use.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校将在本周六上午邀请著名宇航员Mr Yang来作一场报告。请根据下面要点提示，给喜欢太空探索的留学生朋友Chris写一封电子邮件，邀请他参加。要点如下：
1.写邮件的目的；
2.报告简介；
3.你的期待。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Chris,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The annual Hallween arrived, during which kids dressed in traditinal clthes went t neighbrs’ huses t ask fr candy.
Allisn lived in a small twn. That day after dinner, Allisn put n her dress her father had just bught fr her. The dress was cheap and secnd-hand because her family was pr. But Allisn still thanked her dad and said, “Everyne will lve my dress!” Then, she left fr neighbrs’ huses t ask fr candy.
On the way, she came acrss Anna and her friends and wanted t jin them. “N! Lk at yur dress! It’s ugly!” Anna said. Her friends als laughed. “Lk at ur dresses, especially mine! It’s new and beautiful,” Anna added. Her friends ndded, and in sme way they were right. Anna’s dress was shiny and lked expensive. She always had the best clthes because her parents were rich.
Allisn was shcked and sad. The kids nt nly disliked her dress but made fun f it. “Yu can’t cme with us!” Anna stressed. “We wuld never hang ut with yu!” The ther kids agreed and laughed. They all left t start cllecting candy fr the night while Allisn was left alne, embarrassed in the middle f the street.
Anyway, she knew all the neighbrs. She ften helped arund carrying their grceries and helping them with their gardens. Peple arund there knew her. She didn’t need t hangut with Anna r her friends. “I’ll g just alne,” the little girl said t herself and started walking.
She as well as Anna and her friends walked in the same directin: twards their first neighbr Mrs Vaughan’s huse. But Allisn walked behind and kept her distance frm them. And she stpped when Anna and her friends were near Mrs Vaughan’s huse.
Just then, Mrs Vaughan lked ut f her windw. She nticed that Allisn was being excluded by Anna and her friends. She knew it was prbably because f Allisn’s pr dress. She immediately felt pity fr Allisn, wh ften helped her and ther neighbrs. She decided t give Allisn much mre candy as a reward and teach Anna and her friends a lessn.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When Anna and her friends kncked n her dr, Mrs Vaughan pened it.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Anna lked up and said, “Our clthes are mre beautiful! But yu gave Allisn mre candy! Why?”
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________