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2022-2023学年黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市高一下学期开学考试英语试题含答案
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这是一份2022-2023学年黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市高一下学期开学考试英语试题含答案，共7页。试卷主要包含了 B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
高一英语试卷
全卷共150分，考试时间120分钟
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内;
2. 作答时，将答案填写在答题卡上，在本试卷上作答无效;
3. 选择题须使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹签字笔书写，字体工整、清楚;
4. 请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效;
5. 请保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、褶皱或破损，请不要使用涂改液、修正带或刮纸刀。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What color is the shirt?
A. Yellow. B. Green. C. Blue.
2. Which is the right gate for the man’s flight?
A. Gate 18. B. Gate 16. C. Gate 20.
3. What is the man probably doing?
A. Washing a car. B. Repairing a car. C. Painting a car.
4. Where is Henry’s father?
A. In the living room. B. In the garden. C. In the kitchen.
5. Why didn’t John go home last weekend?
A. He was busy. B. He was ill. C. He went to New York.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. Where will the two speakers probably buy a bed?
A. At Design 2000. B. At Pricerite. C. At IKEA.
7. What do the two speakers need to buy for their study room?
A. A chair. B. A lamp. C. A bookshelf.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. How many nights did the woman stay in Paris?
A. Six. B. Five C. Seven.
9. What did the woman do in Rome?
A. She enjoyed sitting at a cafe.
B. She visited some pretty villages.
C. She visited some old buildings.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. Which classes will play against each other?
A. Class 3 and Class 4. B. Class 4 and Class 5. C. Class 5 and Class 6.
11. When will the football match be held?
A. This afternoon. B. Next Saturday. C. This Saturday.
12. What is the weather like now?
A. Fine. B. Rainy. C. Cloudy.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. When will the man probably go back to work?
A. In one month. B. Next week. C. This morning.
14. Which part of the man’s body was injured?
A. An arm. B. A leg. C. An eye.
15. Who is Molly most probably?
A. The man’s doctor. B. The man’s boss. C. The man’s wife.
16. Where has the man been for his holiday?
A. To the seaside. B. To the mountains. C. To the woods.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. What can students do tomorrow as usual?
A. Take the first three classes.
B. Do their employment program.
C Have a test in the gym.
18. Which language exam will be held in Room 301?
A. French. B. Spanish. C. English.
19. When can students know the Asian language exam times?
A. On June 16th. B. On June 14th. C. On June 12th.
20. Who will monitor the afternoon math final?
A. Mr. Jones. B. Mr. Brown. C. Mrs. Smith.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Yellowstone National Park attracts lots of visitors all the year round because of its unique landscapes. But usually the tour there is not so common as you think. So checking the information listed below is a must while planning your trip and before you arrive.
Weather
Yellowstone’s weather can vary quite a bit, even in a single day. In the summer, daytime highs can exceed 70°F (21℃), only to drop 20 or more degrees when a thunderstorm rolls through. It can snow during any month of the year, and winter lows frequently drop below 0°F (-18℃), especially at night. Bring a range of clothing options, including a warm jacket and rain gear, even in the summer.
Fees & Passes
1. Yellowstone (non-commercial vehicle)- $35.00
2. Yellowstone (motorcycle or snowmobile)- $30.00
3. Yellowstone (individual on foot, bicycle, etc. ) -$20.00
Cheek out our Fees & Passes web page to learn more about entrance fees, annual passes, and more.
Visitor Center
Open 9:00 AM—5:00 PM from Sunday to Saturday except Thanksgiving.
Here you can gather park information, orient yourself to the rest of the park (including road conditions. and campground and lodge availability), shop for souvenirs, explore exhibits to learn more about the wildlife and history of Yellowstone. This visitor center also has free Wi-Fi.
Internet & Cellular Access
Public WiFi is available.
Free public Wi-Fi is available at Albright Visitor Center (Mammoth). Wi-Fi is available at some park lodges for registered guests. Check at hotel front desks or in NPS Yellowstone app for details.
Cell service is extremely limited, with reception only available in or near major developed areas: Mammoth Hot Springs, Old Faithful, West Thumb and Grant Village, Lake Village and Fishing Bridge, Canyon Village to Tower Junction, and near the West Entrance. In summer, service is often used up in these areas.
1. How does one visit Yellowstone if he plans to save money most?
A. Riding a bicycle. B. Driving your private car.
C. Driving a motorcycle. D. Riding a snowmobile.
2. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Bring a range of clothing options is advisable.
B. Several means of transport is allowed to enter the Yellowstone.
C. Visitor Center is closed on Thanksgiving.
D. Visitors can get cell service all the year round.
3. Where do you think the passage is from?
A. A tourist guide book. B. A web page.
C. A scientific research. D. An entertainment magazine.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了黄石公园旅游的一些信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Fees & Passes部分“1. Yellowstone (non-commercial vehicle)- $35.00 2. Yellowstone (motorcycle or snowmobile)- $30.00 3. Yellowstone (individual on foot, bicycle, etc. ) -$20.00(费用和通行证 1.黄石公园（非商用车辆）—— $35.00 2. 黄石公园（摩托车或雪地摩托）——$30.00 3.黄石公园（个人步行，自行车等）——$20.00)”可知步行或骑自行车可以节省最多的钱。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Weather部分“Bring a range of clothing options, including a warm jacket and rain gear, even in the summer.(带上一系列的衣服，包括保暖夹克和雨具，即使是在夏天。)”可知去黄石公园一定要带上各种各样的衣服，所以A项正确；由Fees & Passes部分“1. Yellowstone (non-commercial vehicle)- $35.00 2. Yellowstone (motorcycle or snowmobile)- $30.00 3. Yellowstone (individual on foot, bicycle, etc. ) -$20.00(费用和通行证 1.黄石公园（非商用车辆）—— $35.00 2. 黄石公园（摩托车或雪地摩托）——$30.00 3.黄石公园（个人步行，自行车等）——$20.00)”可知有几种交通方式可以进入黄石公园，所以B项正确；根据Visitor Center部分“Open 9:00 AM—5:00 PM from Sunday to Saturday except Thanksgiving.( 9:00 AM—5:00 PM 周日到周六感恩节除外)”可知感恩节期间旅游中心不开放，所以C项正确；根据文章最后一段“Cell service is extremely limited, with reception only available in or near major developed areas: Mammoth Hot Springs, Old Faithful, West Thumb and Grant Village, Lake Village and Fishing Bridge, Canyon Village to Tower Junction, and near the West Entrance. In summer, service is often used up in these areas.(手机服务非常有限，只有在主要发达地区或附近才有信号：猛犸温泉，老忠实，西拇指和格兰特村，湖村和钓鱼桥，峡谷村到塔交界处，以及西入口附近。在夏天，这些地区的服务经常耗尽。)”可知手机服务不是全年都可用，所以D项不对。故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章Fees & Passes部分“Cheek out our Fees & Passes web page to learn more about entrance fees, annual passes, and more.(浏览我们的收费和通行证网页了解更多关于入场费，年卡等信息。)”可知文章出自一个网页。故选B项。
B
When I first set foot on Mexican soil, I spoke Spanish well. So when I asked a local ice-cream seller for an ice-cream, and he said “ahorita,” which directly translates to “right now,” I took him at his word, believing that its arrival was immediate.
I sat near his shop and waited. Half an hour passed and still no ice-cream arrived, so I asked again about it. “Ahorita,” he told me again. His face was a mix of confusion and maybe even embarrassment.
I was torn. Waiting longer wasn’t pleasant, but I felt it was impolite to walk away, especially if the ice-cream was now being delivered just for me. But finally, after waiting too long, I made a rush for the nearest bus to take me home. As I left, I signalled at my wrist and shrugged to the ice-cream seller. Obviously, I couldn’t wait any longer and it really wasn’t my fault. His face was, once again, one of total confusion.
This experience faded from my memory until years later when I came back to live in Mexico. I discovered that understanding “ahorita” took not a fluency in the language, but rather a fluency in the culture. When someone from Mexico says “ahorita,” it should almost never be taken literally (照字面地); its meaning changes greatly with context. As a linguist told me, “Ahorita could mean tomorrow, in an hour, within five years or never.” It is even used as a polite way of saying “no, thanks” when refusing an offer.
Since I moved to Mexico, my attitude towards time has changed dramatically. I don’t worry so much about being late; I am generally still on time for appointments, but when I’m not, I don’t panic. Ironically, it would seem that “Ahorita Time” has actually allowed me to live far more in the “right now” than I ever did before.
4. Why did the author believe that his ice-cream’s arrival was immediate?
A. Because the seller told him that it would be served soon.
B. Because he was confident of the direct translation of “ahorita”.
C. Because the ice-cream shop was not crowded.
D. Because he asked about it again and the seller answered the same.
5. What does the underlined word “torn” mean in the third paragraph?
A. tired. B. too hungry to move. C. unable to decide. D. thirsty.
6. What should be paid attention to when understanding “ahorita”?
A. A fluency in the culture. B. A fluency in the language.
C. Translating it literally. D. Its unchangeable meaning.
7. Which is the best title of the passage?
A. The importance of understanding foreign cultures
B. The different meanings of “ahorita”
C. How interesting Spanish is
D. The confusing way Mexicans tell time
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是作者在墨西哥说西班牙语与当地人不同理解造成的误会。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“When I first set foot on Mexican soil, I spoke Spanish well. So when I asked a local ice-cream seller for an ice-cream, and he said “ahorita,” which directly translates to “right now,” I took him at his word, believing that its arrival was immediate.(当我第一次踏上墨西哥的土地时，我的西班牙语说得很好。所以，当我向当地的冰淇淋小贩要冰淇淋时，他说“ahorita”，翻译过来就是“马上”的意思，我就相信了他的话，相信冰淇淋马上就到了。)”可知，因为作者的西班牙语讲得很好，而“ahorita”翻译过来就是“马上”的意思，所以作者相信他的冰激凌马上就到了。故选B项。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“Waiting longer wasn’t pleasant, but I felt it was impolite to walk away, especially if the ice-cream was now being delivered just for me.(再等下去一点也不愉快，但我觉得走开是不礼貌的，尤其是现在冰淇淋是专门为我送去的。)”可知因为等的时间太长了，所以作者不愿再等下去，但又觉得走开不礼貌，所以可以推测作者很纠结，不知道是否要离开。由此推知torn意为“无法做决定”。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“I discovered that understanding “ahorita” took not a fluency in the language, but rather a fluency in the culture. (我发现理解“ahorita”并不需要语言的流利，而是需要文化的流利。)”可知，理解“ahorita”的意思需要注意的是文化的流利性。故选A项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Since I moved to Mexico, my attitude towards time has changed dramatically. I don’t worry so much about being late; I am generally still on time for appointments, but when I’m not, I don’t panic. Ironically, it would seem that “Ahorita Time” has actually allowed me to live far more in the “right now” than I ever did before.(自从我搬到墨西哥，我对时间的态度发生了巨大的变化。我不太担心迟到。我通常都能准时赴约，但当我不能准时赴约时，我也不会惊慌。具有讽刺意味的是，“Ahorita Time”实际上让我比以往任何时候都更能活在“当下”。)”以及文章其他段落的内容可知，文章主要讲的是作者在墨西哥说西班牙语与当地人因对于表示时间的单词“ahorita”的不同理解造成的误会，所以文章主要围绕着墨西哥人表达时间的令人困惑的方式展开，因此D项The confusing way Mexicans tell time( 墨西哥人令人困惑的表达时间的方式)作为文章标题最合适。故选D项。
C
When you think of a fearsome hunter, images of lions and sharks may spring to mind. Recent research by environmental scientists, however, shows that in fact, humans are the most fearsome hunters who have the greatest impact on animal populations. Human activities have brought many animals close to extinction. In the last 500 years, over 300 species of animals have gone extinct. Some activities, such as hunting and fishing, directly harm animals, while other activities, such as development in towns and cities, impact indirectly on animal populations___8___
Hunting and fishing have directly influenced the world’s animal populations. Some people hunt animals for food: whale meat is eaten in some parts of the world. Some people hunt animals for fashion: animal skin is used to make coats and bags. Still others hunt animals just for fun: deer are tracked and shot by people who enjoy the excitement of the sport.
Human activities that have indirect effects on animals can be just as harmful. When we build farms or factories, we destroy animal habitats and leave many animals with nowhere to live, or no food to eat. We can also put animals in danger without ever entering their habitats. Air, water, noise and light pollution can all have a deep and damaging influence quite far from their source. Partly due to pollution caused by ship traffic and other human activities, the dolphin population has dropped greatly. As the human population continues to grow, so does the effect we have on animals.
8. What role does the underlined sentence play in the first paragraph?
A. to introduce the following paragraphs.
B. to summarize the first paragraph.
C. to list the result of human activities’ impact on animals.
D. to draw a conclusion.
9. What are the three main reasons why people hunt animals?
A. to wear the skin, cat the meat and raise the animals for fun.
B. to eat the meat, wear the skin and enjoy the hunting.
C. to earn money, raise the animals for fun and enjoy the hunting
D. to travel by sea, eat the meat and raise money.
10. Which is not the indirect impact on animals by human activities?
A. Human activities caused the animal’s food shortage.
B. Animals’ habitats shrink greatly.
C. Animal population drops quickly.
D. Animals come to extinction.
11. How does the writer develop the passage?
A. By analyzing data. B. By listing facts.
C. By giving definitions. D. By comparison.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是人类活动对于动物的消极影响。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Human activities have brought many animals close to extinction. In the last 500 years, over 300 species of animals have gone extinct.Some activities, such as hunting and fishing, directly harm animals, while other activities, such as development in towns and cities, impact indirectly on animal populations(人类活动使许多动物濒临灭绝。在过去的500年里，超过300种动物灭绝了。一些活动，如狩猎和捕鱼，直接伤害动物，而其他活动，如城镇和城市的发展，间接影响动物数量。)”以及第二段“Hunting and fishing have directly influenced the world’s animal populations. (狩猎和捕鱼直接影响了世界动物的数量。)”以及第三段“Human activities that have indirect effects on animals can be just as harmful.(对动物有间接影响的人类活动可能同样有害。)”可知二、三段内容是从直接影响和间接影响两个方面对第一段最后一句进行说明，所以划线句的作用应是引出后面的段落。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Some people hunt animals for food: whale meat is eaten in some parts of the world. Some people hunt animals for fashion: animal skin is used to make coats and bags. Still others hunt animals just for fun: deer are tracked and shot by people who enjoy the excitement of the sport.(有些人捕猎动物为食:在世界的某些地方，鲸肉被食用。有些人捕猎动物是为了时尚:动物皮被用来制作外套和包。还有一些人打猎只是为了好玩:追逐鹿的人喜欢这项刺激的运动。)”可知人类捕杀动物的原因是为了吃肉，穿由动物的皮制成的衣物和享受狩猎。故选B项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Human activities that have indirect effects on animals can be just as harmful.When we build farms or factories, we destroy animal habitats and leave many animals with nowhere to live, or no food to eat. We can also put animals in danger without ever entering their habitats. Air, water, noise and light pollution can all have a deep and damaging influence quite far from their source. Partly due to pollution caused by ship traffic and other human activities, the dolphin population has dropped greatly. (对动物有间接影响的人类活动也同样有害。当我们建造农场或工厂时，我们破坏了动物的栖息地，使许多动物无处居住，或没有食物可吃。我们也可以不进入动物的栖息地就把它们置于危险之中。空气、水、噪音和光污染都可能在远离源头的地方产生深刻的破坏性影响。部分由于船舶交通和其他人类活动造成的污染，海豚的数量已经大大下降。)”可知人类活动间接导致了动物数量的下降，食物的短缺和栖息地的缩小，并没有提到动物的灭绝。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“ome people hunt animals for food: whale meat is eaten in some parts of the world. Some people hunt animals for fashion: animal skin is used to make coats and bags. Still others hunt animals just for fun: deer are tracked and shot by people who enjoy the excitement of the sport.(有些人捕猎动物为食:在世界的某些地方，鲸肉被食用。有些人捕猎动物是为了时尚:动物皮被用来制作外套和包。还有一些人打猎只是为了好玩:追逐鹿的人喜欢这项刺激的运动。)”以及文章第三段“When we build farms or factories, we destroy animal habitats and leave many animals with nowhere to live, or no food to eat. We can also put animals in danger without ever entering their habitats. Air, water, noise and light pollution can all have a deep and damaging influence quite far from their source. Partly due to pollution caused by ship traffic and other human activities, the dolphin population has dropped greatly.(当我们建造农场或工厂时，我们破坏了动物的栖息地，使许多动物无处居住，或没有食物可吃。我们也可以不进入动物的栖息地就把它们置于危险之中。空气、水、噪音和光污染都可能在远离源头的地方产生深刻的破坏性影响。部分由于船舶交通和其他人类活动造成的污染，海豚的数量已经大大下降。)”可知作者通过列举一系列事实来说明人类活动对于动物的消极影响。故选B项。
D
Festivals are celebrated all around the world. They have a wide range of origins, such as the seasons of the year, religions, famous figures, and important events. Every festival has its different customs and unique charms. However, no matter how different they may seem, all over the world, the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals.
Of all the traditional festivals, the harvest festival can be found in almost every culture. This important agricultural festival takes place after all the crops have been gathered in. People celebrate to show that they are grateful for the year’s supply of food. In ancient Egypt, the harvest festival was celebrated during the springtime — the Egyptian harvest season. It featured a parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports. Today, in some European countries, people decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and get together to celebrate over a meal. During the Mid-Autumn Festival in China, families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious moon cakes.
Customs play a significant role in festivals, but sometimes they can change over time. With the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade away and others may be established. One example is the typical Chinese Spring Festival custom of lighting firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits and celebrate the new year. Nowadays, many big cities have given up this custom in order to avoid air pollution. Another example is Halloween, which slowly became an exciting festival for children, in spite of its religious origins.
Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations. Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones. Some believe festivals should not be commercialized, while others believe the increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness.
Festivals are an important part of society. They reflect people’s wishes, beliefs, faiths, and attitudes towards life. They are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while. They help us understand where we came from, who we are, and what to appreciate. And if you study festivals carefully, you may be surprised to find that different cultures actually have a lot in common after all.
12. Why do people in different cultures celebrate the harvest festival?
A. It’s tradition in their religion.
B. It’s a only custom in their culture.
C. It’s a way to express their appreciation and cheers.
D. It’s a chance for people to enjoy themselves together.
13. How did some festivals change over time according to the passage?
A. Fireworks can’t drive the evil spirits away.
B. Festivals play an important role in commerce.
C. People share information faster than before with society developing.
D. People get gifts easier than before due to the increase of the economy.
14. What’s the writer’s attitude towards the commercialization of festivals?
A. Neutral. B. Doubtful. C. Supportive. D. Disapproving.
15. Which statement is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Almost every culture celebrates harvest festival.
B. Festivals are a reflection of people’s outlook on life and values.
C. Festivals have something in common with each other in different cultures.
D. The religious origins of Halloween have disappeared.
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是人类节日的重要性，多样性，以及随着时间的推移，它的变化及意义。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“People celebrate to show that they are grateful for the year’s supply of food.( 人们庆祝丰收节是为了表示他们对一年来食物供应的感激之情)”可知，不同文化的人们庆祝丰收节是因为这是一种他们表达感激和快乐的一种方式。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“With the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade away and others may be established.(随着现代社会的发展和新思想的传播，有些传统会渐渐消失，而另一些传统则得以建立)”可知，随着社会的发展，人们比以前更快地分享信息，一些传统会变得慢慢消失，新的传统会产生。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations. Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones. Some believe festivals should not be commercialized, while others believe the increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness.(节日变得越来越商业化，商家也在利用庆祝活动。在线购物网站和社交媒体应用程序让公众更容易花更多的钱给他们所爱的人买礼物。一些人认为节日不应该被商业化，而另一些人则认为支出的增加有利于经济和公众幸福)”可知，对于节日的商业化作者只是在客观地陈述不同人的不同观点，并没有表明个人的观点。由此推知，作者的态度是中立的。故选A项。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Of all the traditional festivals, the harvest festival can be found in almost every culture.(在所有的传统节日中，丰收节几乎存在于每一种文化中)”可知，几乎每一种文化都庆祝丰收节，所以A项正确；根据文章最后一段“Festivals are an important part of society. They reflect people’s wishes, beliefs, faiths, and attitudes towards life. They are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while. They help us understand where we came from, who we are, and what to appreciate. And if you study festivals carefully, you may be surprised to find that different cultures actually have a lot in common after all.(节日是社会的重要组成部分。它们反映了人们的愿望、信仰、信仰和对生活的态度。它们是让我们放松和享受生活的场合，可以暂时忘记我们的工作。它们帮助我们了解我们从哪里来，我们是谁，以及应该感激什么。如果你仔细研究节日，你可能会惊讶地发现不同的文化实际上有很多共同之处)”可知，节日是人们对生活和价值观的看法，所以B项正确；而不同的文化实际上着许多更同之处，所以C项正确；根据文章第三段“Another example is Halloween, which slowly became an exciting festival for children, in spite of its religious origins.(另一个例子是万圣节，尽管它起源于宗教，但它慢慢成为了孩子们激动人心的节日)”可知，万圣节虽然成为了孩子们的节日，但是这并不意味着它的宗教来源已经消失，所以D项不正确。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A Beginner’s guide to exercise
You want to start doing exercise?Congratulations!You have just taken your first step towards a new and improved you.
Understanding the benefits of exercise
To start with, physical activity increases the efficiency of your heart and lungs. ____16____This extra effort makes them grow stronger over the long term. Some studies even show that exercise improves certain brain functions, meaning you could perform better at school!
Planning your exercise routine
When you plan an exercise routine the first thing to consider is what you expect to improve: heart and lung efficiency, muscle strength or flexibility.____17____ Strength training, such as pull-ups and weightlifting, increases muscle strength and encourages bone development. Flexibility training, including tai chi, helps stretch and improves your muscles.
Eating and drinking right
____18____. Foods like noodles, rice, fruit and vegetables give your body plenty of carbohydrates to keep up your energy during a long workout. You need to eat foods rich in protein and eat after exercise at least 30 minutes after a typical routine, or as much as an hour after a hard workout.____19____.
Avoiding injury
To prevent soft tissue injury, make sure that you wear proper clothes and equipment when exercising. You should also start small and slowly work your way to a longer and harder exercise routine to avoid getting hurt.____20____.
So, now you know the benefits of exercise and how to do it safely and effectively. What are you waiting for?
A. Regular exercise and good eating habits benefit your body a lot.
B. Finally remember to warm up before exercising and stretch at the end of your workout.
C. Remember to drink throughout exercise to make up for water lost to sweat.
D. Like cars that run on petrol, your body burns carbohydrates for energy.
E. Aerobic activities like jogging, swimming and skiing, develop your heart and lungs.
F. During exercise, your heart and lungs must work harder.
G. Go to see a doctor if you get hurt.
【答案】16. F 17. E 18. D 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要为初次锻炼的人提供了一些建议，以帮助他们更好地达到目标。
【16题详解】
根据空前“To start with, physical activity increases the efficiency of your heart and lungs.(首先，体育活动可以提高你的心肺的效率。)”可知，体育运动对于心肺有好处；再根据空后“This extra effort makes them grow stronger over the long term. (从长远来看，这种额外的努力会让他们变得更强大。)”可知，作者解释了运动如何对心肺好。选项F“During exercise, your heart and lungs must work harder. (运动时，你的心脏和肺必须更努力地工作。)”中的“work harder”与下文中的“this extra effort”相一致；内容上也与下文一致。故选F。
【17题详解】
根据空前“When you plan an exercise routine, the first thing to consider is what you expect to improve: heart and lung efficiency, muscle strength or flexibility.(当你计划一项日常锻炼时，首先要考虑的是你希望提高什么：心肺效率、肌肉力量或灵活性。)”可知，下文要提到三方面内容；再根据空后“Strength training, such as pull-ups and weightlifting, increases muscle strength and encourages bone development. (力量训练，如引体向上和举重，可以增加肌肉力量，促进骨骼发育。)”可判断，空处内容和提高心肺效率相关。选项E“Aerobic activities, like jogging, swimming and skiing, develop your heart and lungs. (有氧运动，如慢跑、游泳和滑雪，可以发展你的心脏和肺。)”提到有氧运动有助于心肺。与上下文内容一致。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据下文“Foods like noodles, rice, fruit and vegetables give your body plenty of carbohydrates to keep up your energy during a long workout. (面条、米饭、水果和蔬菜等食物可以为你的身体提供大量的碳水化合物，在长时间的锻炼中保持你的能量。)”可知，下文提到了可以提供碳水化合物的食物。选项D“Like cars that run on petrol, your body burns carbohydrates for energy.(像汽车靠油行驶一样，你的身体得燃烧碳水化合物来获取能量。)”与下文内容一致，指的是身体需要碳水化合物来保持能量。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据小标题“Eating and drinking right(正确饮食)”以及上文“You need to eat foods rich in protein and eat after exercise at least 30 minutes after a typical routine, or as much as an hour after a hard workout. (你需要吃富含蛋白质的食物，并在运动后至少30分钟后进食，或者在高强度运动后一小时后进食。”可知，这里提到了吃东西时的一些注意点。选项C“Remember to drink throughout exercise to make up for water lost to sweat.(运动过程中要记得喝水，以补充因出汗而流失的水分。)”提到了喝水的重要性。内容与上文一致，故选C。
【20题详解】
根据上文“To prevent soft tissue injury, make sure that you wear proper clothes and equipment when exercising. You should also start small and slowly work your way to a longer and harder exercise routine to avoid getting hurt.(为了防止软组织损伤，运动时一定要穿合适的衣服和器械。为了避免受伤，你也应该从小动作开始，慢慢地进行更长时间、更艰苦的锻炼。)”可知，上文介绍了避免受伤的一些注意点；选项B“Finally, remember to warm up before exercising and stretch at the end of your workout.(最后，记得运动前热身，运动结束时拉伸。)”与上文内容一致，也是提醒读者热身以及拉伸从而避免受伤。故选B。
第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分40分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。
Every year, many people worldwide capture and keep dolphins in small pools, providing them with fish to eat instead of having them to hunt for themselves. It affects their ____21____ greatly, and has proved to have terrible ____22____.
Thus comes the question: Should captive dolphins be ____23____?
Jeff Foster, a 55-year-old expert, decided to help two captive dolphins, Tom and Misha, to reach their top physical ____24____ . Every day, he used to train the two dolphins to ____25____ their wild homes again. Twenty months ____26____, Tome and Misha began to act like wild dolphins and they were released (放走) back into the sea.
Although Tom and Misha lived in captivity for four to five years, they were able to ____27____ the wild. It was ____28____ what Foster had hoped for. His dreams for the dolphins had finally come true and he knew that dolphins would ____29____ in the wild.
This program was a big _____30_____, but there have been others that failed. For example, another dolphin, Keiko, was released into the ocean in 2002, but _____31_____ a year later because of all the misery (不幸) he _____32_____. The sudden environment change did not suit him well.
If people want to _____33_____ these accidents, we must go to great lengths and put in the effort to _____34_____ it doesn’t happen ever again. In fact, with the development of virtual reality technology, there can still be great ways to _____35_____ kids with sea animals without having to capture them.
21. A. body B. eyesight C. hearing D. lifestyle
22. A. deaths B. consequences C. changes D. accidents
23. A. captured B. set free C. eaten D. killed
24. A. condition B. size C. weight D. appearance
25. A. get interested in B. take eve of C. make use of D. get used to
26. A. late B. later C. latter D. after
27. A. adapt to B. lead to C. turn to D. used to
28. A. exactly B. possibly C. awfully D. hardly
29. A. search B. survive C. produce D. train
30. A. error B. success C. challenge D. chance
31. A. escaped B. regretted C. recovered D. died
32. A. brought B. looked into C. suffered from D. led to
33. A. avoid B. accept C. witness D. forget
34. A. stop B. raise C. ensure D. know
35. A. threaten B. entertain C. change D. inspire
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. A 29. B 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要说明圈养对海豚造成了严重的后果，人类应该将它们放归大海。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它很严重的影响了他们的生活方式，并已经证明有可怕的后果。A. body身体；B. eyesight视力；C. hearing听力；D. lifestyle生活方式。根据上文“Every year, many people worldwide capture and keep dolphins in small pools, providing them with fish to eat instead of having them to hunt for themselves.”可知，生活在池子里对海豚的生活方式有很大的影响。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. deaths死亡；B. consequences后果；C. changes改变；D. accidents事故。根据下文“Thus comes the question: Should captive dolphins be ____3____?”推知，把海豚养在水池里造成了可怕的后果，因此才会有这个讨论。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：应该释放圈养的海豚吗? A. captured抓；B. set free释放；C. eaten吃；D. killed杀死。根据下文“they were released (放走) back into the sea.”可知，此处是指把圈养的海豚释放到海里。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：55岁的专家杰夫·福斯特决定帮助两只圈养的海豚汤姆和米莎达到最佳体格状态。A. condition 条件，状态；B. size尺寸；C. weight重量；D. appearance外表。根据下文“Tome and Misha began to act like wild dolphins and they were released (放走) back into the sea. ”可知，杰夫·福斯特决定把两只圈养海豚训练到体格的最佳状态，然后释放它们。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：每天，他都训练两只海豚重新适应它们的野外家园。A. get interested in对……感兴趣；B. take care of照顾；C. make use of利用；D. get used to习惯于。根据“they were released (放走) back into the sea.”推知，杰夫·福斯特要让两只海豚适应自己的野生家园，之后才能成功释放它们。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查副词、介词和形容词词义辨析。句意：20个月后，汤姆和米莎开始像野生海豚一样行动，它们被放回大海。A. late迟地；B. later后来；C. latter后者的；D. after在……之后。结合句意表示“20个月后”应用20 months later。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管汤姆和米沙被圈养了4-5年，它们已经能够适应野外生活了。A. adapt to适应；B. lead to导致；C. turn to转向，求助；D. used to过去常常。根据下文“His dreams for the dolphins had finally come true”推知，海豚适应了野外生活。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这正是福斯特所希望的，他对海豚的梦想终于实现了。A. exactly确切地；B. possibly可能地；C. awfully可怕地；D. hardly几乎不。根据上文“Although Tom and Misha lived in captivity for four to five years, they were able to ____7____ the wild.”和下文“His dreams for the dolphins had finally come true.”可知，海豚适应野外生活正是福斯特所希望的。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他对海豚的梦想终于实现了，他知道海豚会在野外幸存下来。A. search寻找；B. survive幸存；C. produce生产；D. train训练。根据上文“they were able to adapt to the wild.”可知，海豚会在野外生存下来。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个项目取得了巨大的成功，但也有其他失败的项目。A. error错误；B. success成功；C. challenge挑战；D. chance机会。根据“there have been others that failed”和表示转折意义的but可知，福斯特释放海豚的项目是成功的。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如,另一个海豚2002年回到海洋，但一年后去世，因为他遭受的所有的不幸。A. escaped逃跑；B. regretted后悔，遗憾；C. recovered恢复；D. died死亡。根据上文“but there have been others that failed”和for example可知，此处列举失败的案例，由此推知，释放的海豚死亡了。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词和动词词组辨析。句意同上。A. brought带来；B. looked into调查；C. suffered from遭受；D. led to导致。根据“all the misery”可知，此处是指遭受的不幸。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果人们想避免这类事故，我们必须竭尽全力确保此类事故不再发生。A. avoid避免，避开；B. accept接受；C. witness见证；D. forget忘记。根据下文“it doesn’t happen ever again”可知，此处是指避免这种事故的发生。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. stop停止；B. raise提高，饲养；C. ensure确保；D. know知道。根据上文“we must go to great lengths and put in the effort”可知，此处指竭尽全力确保这类事故不再发生。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，随着虚拟现实技术的发展，我们仍然可以找到很好的方法让孩子们用海洋动物娱乐，而不用去捕捉海豚。A. threaten威胁；B. entertain娱乐；C. change改变；D. inspire激励。根据“kids with sea animals without having to capture them.”和常识可知，此处是指让孩子们通过观看其他海洋动物娱乐，而不是非得抓海豚。故选B。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Located in the north-cast of Italy, Venice is ____36____(know) as “The Floating City”. Venice is not a single island. It is made up of over 100 small islands, ____37____are connected by waterways and bridges. Even today, boats remain the most common way to travel around. Look anywhere in Venice, ____38____you will see ____39____(tradition) boats called “gondola”.
____40____(fortunate), water is also putting Venice in great danger. The Floating City is, in fact, sinking. But these floods could now be a thing of the past, thanks ____41____a new flood prevention project. Dozens of gates have been built to hold back the sea. Each of these gates ____42____(be) 20 meters wide, with the longest about 30 meters long, which will be raised to separate the city from the sea.
But only time will tell if this project is the right solution. The important thing is that action is being taken ____43____(protect) the city’s future ____44____(generation). And if it works it means ____45____longer, drier future for Venice.
【答案】36. known
37. which 38. and
39. traditional
40. Unfortunately 41. to 42. is
43. to protect
44. generations 45. a
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是水城威尼斯的现状及对它的保护措施。
【36题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：威尼斯位于意大利北部，被誉为“漂浮的城市”。be known as意为“被称为”，固定搭配。故填known。
【37题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：威尼斯不是一个单独的岛屿。它由100多个小岛组成，这些小岛由水路和桥梁连接。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为small islands，先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
【38题详解】
考查连词。句意：在威尼斯的任何地方，你都会看到被称为“贡多拉”的传统船只。此处为祈使句+and/or+简单句的结构，空前后意思为顺承关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在威尼斯的任何地方，你都会看到被称为“贡多拉”的传统船只。结合句意及空后的名词boats，可知应填形容词形式traditional，作定语，修饰名词boats。故填traditional。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：不幸地是，水也使威尼斯处于极大的危险之中。结合句意空处应填副词形式，作状语，修饰整个句子，空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Unfortunately。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：但由于一项新的防洪工程，这些洪水现在可能成为过去。结合句意及空前的thanks可知应填介词to，短语thanks to意为“多亏；幸亏”，固定搭配。故填to。
【42题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这些门都是20米宽，最长的大约30米长，将被抬高，将城市与大海分开。空处为系动词，主语为Each，且此处为客观陈述，应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式is。故填is。
【43题详解】
考查不定式。句意：但只有时间才能证明这个项目是否是正确的解决方案。重要的是，我们正在采取行动保护这座城市的子孙后代。结合句意空处应填不定式的形式，作目的状语。故填to protect。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：但只有时间才能证明这个项目是否是正确的解决方案。重要的是，我们正在采取行动保护这座城市的子孙后代。结合句意及空前的the city’s future 可知应填名词的复数形式generations，作宾语。故填generations。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：如果这能奏效，就意味着威尼斯有一个更长久、更干燥的未来。结合句意可知此处应填冠词，表示“一个更长久、更干燥的未来”，为泛指，应用不定冠词，且longer的发音是辅音音素开头。故填a。
第三节 短语填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
从方框中选出合适的短语, 用其正确形式完成句子。短语中有两项为多余选项。
share with graduate from wash away concentrate on pass down as much as sb. can
turn around instead of refer to…as… leave behind on Earth in harmony with
46. You couldn’t have dragged Jimmy out of New York; he thought it was the only place________.
47. ________, I saw a white-haired man.
48. The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from________.
49. Lisa ________ our school last June and is about to go to college in New York.
50. While I was ________ photographing this amazing scene, I suddenly had a feeling that I was being watched.
51. “World Trade Organization” can ________ WTO, and ASAP is short for “as soon as possible”.
52. Mum wouldn’t have been happy if I’d________ Jonny ________.
53. For example, ________saying “It’s raining heavily”, you could say “It’s raining cats and dogs”.
54. Alistair says that they encourage each other ________ when they train.
55. What is most significant is the way in which people have worked ________ nature to make these terraces and grow rice.
【答案】46. on Earth
47. Turning around
48. being washed away
49. graduated from
50. concentrating on
51. be referred to as
52. ①. left ②. behind
53. instead of
54. as much as they can
55. in harmony with
【解析】
【46题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：你不可能把吉米拖出纽约；他认为那是地球上唯一的地方。on Earh“地球上”符合句意。故填on Earth。
【47题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：回过头，我看到一位白发苍苍的男士。turn around“转身”符合句意，句中已有谓语动词saw，空处应用非谓语动词，turn around和逻辑主语I是主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填Turning around。
【48题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：平坦的梯田可以收集雨水，防止土壤被冲走。wash away“冲走”符合句意，介词后应用其动名词形式，且逻辑主语soil与wash away是被动关系，故用动名词的被动式。故填being washed away。
【49题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：丽莎去年六月从我们学校毕业，即将去纽约上大学。graduate from“从……毕业”符合句意，作句子谓语动词，根据时间状语last June可知，描述过去的事情应用一般过去时。故填graduated from。
【50题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：当我专注于拍摄这个惊人的场景时，我突然有一种被监视的感觉。concentrate on“专注于”符合题意，空处作从句谓语动词，结合语境可知描述过去正在发生的事情，应用过去进行时，空前有was，空处填现在分词。故填concentrating on。
【51题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：“World Trade Organization”可以简称为WTO， ASAP是“尽快”的缩写。refer to...as“称为”符合题意，主语“World Trade Organization”和refer to是被动关系，且空前有情态动词can，故处填be done。故填be referred to as。
【52题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：如果我丢下乔尼，妈妈会不高兴的。leave behind“留下”符合句意，结合语境和上文wouldn’t have been happy可知，此处if引导非真实条件状语从句，与过去事实相反，从句应用过去完成时，空1应填leave的过去分词形式和had构成过去完成时。故填left；behind。
【53题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：例如，与其说“It’s raining heavily”，不如说“It’s raining cats and dogs”。instead of“而非”符合句意。故填Instead of。
【54题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：阿利斯泰尔说，他们在训练时尽可能地互相鼓励。as much as sb. can“尽某人所能……”符合句意，根据each other可知sb.应转化为they，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。故填as much as they can。
【55题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：最重要的是人们与自然和谐相处的方式，建造了这些梯田和种植水稻。in harmony with“与……和谐共处”符合句意。故填in harmony with。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(满分15分)
56. 假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter沉迷于手机，引起父母不满，因而彼此产生矛盾。Peter写信向你倾诉苦恼，求助于你。请根据以下要点给Peter写一封电子邮件：
1.表达对他的情况的理解；
2.提出解决问题的建议；
3.表达祝愿。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter，
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Peter,
I am sorry to know that you are addicted to the mobile phone, which makes your parents upset. I can understand your feeling. After all, most of the teenagers have the same problem.
I think you need to take your parents feelings into consideration. Overusing mobile phones will have a bad effect on your study. Besides, it is not good to your eyes and does harm to your health. What's more, if you need mobile phones for practical use, you can communicate with your parents and use it with their permission.
I hope my suggestions will be of help to you. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于建议信。你的英国笔友Peter沉迷于手机，引起父母不满，因而彼此产生矛盾。Peter写信向你倾诉苦恼，求助于你。要求考生按要点给Peter写一封电子邮件，表示理解并且提出建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
沮丧的：depressed/blue→upset
把……考虑进去：take…into account→take…into consideration
对……有影响：have an influence on/have an impact on→have an effect on
对……有害：be harmful to→do harm to
对……有帮助：be helpful→be of help
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Overusing mobile phones will have a bad effect on your study.
拓展句：Don’t overuse mobile phones, which will have a bad effect on your study.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
I am sorry to know that you are addicted to the mobile phone, which makes your parents upset. (运用了that引导的宾语从句和which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]
What's more, if you need mobile phones for practical use, you can communicate with your parents and use it with their permission. (运用if引导的条件状语从句)
第二节(满分15分)
57. 阅读下面材料，根据内容和所给段落开头句子续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
注意：续写词数应为80左右。
Mrs Peabody, the English teacher, gave the class a writing assignment. “Write something in some way related to summer vacation,” she said. “Be as creative as you can. But,” the teacher added, “make sure you use proper spelling and grammar.” That night Jim sat at his desk at home and stared at a blank sheet of paper. He didn’t want to write about the summer vacation as usual. What could he write about, except a dog, a water park, and two weeks of camp? Boring… He’d actually been happy to get back to school.
So he wrote what he wanted. Not an essay at all but a short story, science fiction. It was about a distant planet that didn’t have summer—it was spring all the time. And it didn’t have vacations either. The aliens on the planet worked 24 hours a day. They wished they had vacations.
The next morning he handed in the story, but later that night he lay awake until 3 a.m. , thinking, “Why did I do that? Will Mrs Peabody think I ignored the assignment?” English was his favorite class. Maybe he would beg Mrs Peabody for a chance to write another one.
Paragraph:
But when he got to class the following day, it turned out that Mrs Peabody had already read and graded the essays.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】But when he got to class the following day, it turned out that Mrs Peabody had already read and graded the essays. Jim thought he might get an F. However, to his surprise, Mrs Peabody read out loud his story to the class, and praised him for his creativity and originality. She said that she was impressed by how he had combined science fiction with the topic of summer vacation. Jim felt like he was dreaming. He never expected his story to be so well-received. He was beaming with pride and happiness, and looked at his classmates, who were nodding in agreement.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Jim的暑假返校后，老师让他们写一篇和暑假相关的文章。Jim没有选择写真实的暑假经历，反而创作了一篇科幻小说。在上交了作业后，Jim有点后悔，认为自己不该写那样的话题。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①根据段首句子“但当他第二天去上课时，原来Mrs Peabody已经阅读了作文并给了评分。”可知，下文可描写Jim认为自己的等级会很低，但结果却出乎他的意料，老师表扬了他的创新。
2. 续写线索：老师已经评分——Jim认为作文可能等级很低——老师当众读Jim的文章——表扬Jim的创新——Jim的感受
3.词类激活
行为类
1.认为：think/believe
2.期待：expect/anticipate
3.结合：combine/connect
情绪类
①让某人吃惊的是：to one’s surprise/to one’s astonishment
②表扬：praise/commend
【点睛】[高分句型1]She said that she was impressed by how he had combined science fiction with the topic of summer vacation.（运用了that和how引导宾语从句）
[高分句型2]He was beaming with pride and happiness, and looked at his classmates, who were nodding in agreement.（运用了who引导非限制性定语从句）
听力答案：1—5 CACBB 6—10 ABACC 11—15 BAABC 16—20 BACAB
高一英语试卷
全卷共150分，考试时间120分钟
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内;
2. 作答时，将答案填写在答题卡上，在本试卷上作答无效;
3. 选择题须使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹签字笔书写，字体工整、清楚;
4. 请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效;
5. 请保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、褶皱或破损，请不要使用涂改液、修正带或刮纸刀。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What color is the shirt?
A. Yellow. B. Green. C. Blue.
2. Which is the right gate for the man’s flight?
A. Gate 18. B. Gate 16. C. Gate 20.
3. What is the man probably doing?
A. Washing a car. B. Repairing a car. C. Painting a car.
4. Where is Henry’s father?
A. In the living room. B. In the garden. C. In the kitchen.
5. Why didn’t John go home last weekend?
A. He was busy. B. He was ill. C. He went to New York.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. Where will the two speakers probably buy a bed?
A. At Design 2000. B. At Pricerite. C. At IKEA.
7. What do the two speakers need to buy for their study room?
A. A chair. B. A lamp. C. A bookshelf.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. How many nights did the woman stay in Paris?
A. Six. B. Five C. Seven.
9. What did the woman do in Rome?
A. She enjoyed sitting at a cafe.
B. She visited some pretty villages.
C. She visited some old buildings.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. Which classes will play against each other?
A. Class 3 and Class 4. B. Class 4 and Class 5. C. Class 5 and Class 6.
11. When will the football match be held?
A. This afternoon. B. Next Saturday. C. This Saturday.
12. What is the weather like now?
A. Fine. B. Rainy. C. Cloudy.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. When will the man probably go back to work?
A. In one month. B. Next week. C. This morning.
14. Which part of the man’s body was injured?
A. An arm. B. A leg. C. An eye.
15. Who is Molly most probably?
A. The man’s doctor. B. The man’s boss. C. The man’s wife.
16. Where has the man been for his holiday?
A. To the seaside. B. To the mountains. C. To the woods.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. What can students do tomorrow as usual?
A. Take the first three classes.
B. Do their employment program.
C Have a test in the gym.
18. Which language exam will be held in Room 301?
A. French. B. Spanish. C. English.
19. When can students know the Asian language exam times?
A. On June 16th. B. On June 14th. C. On June 12th.
20. Who will monitor the afternoon math final?
A. Mr. Jones. B. Mr. Brown. C. Mrs. Smith.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Yellowstone National Park attracts lots of visitors all the year round because of its unique landscapes. But usually the tour there is not so common as you think. So checking the information listed below is a must while planning your trip and before you arrive.
Weather
Yellowstone’s weather can vary quite a bit, even in a single day. In the summer, daytime highs can exceed 70°F (21℃), only to drop 20 or more degrees when a thunderstorm rolls through. It can snow during any month of the year, and winter lows frequently drop below 0°F (-18℃), especially at night. Bring a range of clothing options, including a warm jacket and rain gear, even in the summer.
Fees & Passes
1. Yellowstone (non-commercial vehicle)- $35.00
2. Yellowstone (motorcycle or snowmobile)- $30.00
3. Yellowstone (individual on foot, bicycle, etc. ) -$20.00
Cheek out our Fees & Passes web page to learn more about entrance fees, annual passes, and more.
Visitor Center
Open 9:00 AM—5:00 PM from Sunday to Saturday except Thanksgiving.
Here you can gather park information, orient yourself to the rest of the park (including road conditions. and campground and lodge availability), shop for souvenirs, explore exhibits to learn more about the wildlife and history of Yellowstone. This visitor center also has free Wi-Fi.
Internet & Cellular Access
Public WiFi is available.
Free public Wi-Fi is available at Albright Visitor Center (Mammoth). Wi-Fi is available at some park lodges for registered guests. Check at hotel front desks or in NPS Yellowstone app for details.
Cell service is extremely limited, with reception only available in or near major developed areas: Mammoth Hot Springs, Old Faithful, West Thumb and Grant Village, Lake Village and Fishing Bridge, Canyon Village to Tower Junction, and near the West Entrance. In summer, service is often used up in these areas.
1. How does one visit Yellowstone if he plans to save money most?
A. Riding a bicycle. B. Driving your private car.
C. Driving a motorcycle. D. Riding a snowmobile.
2. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Bring a range of clothing options is advisable.
B. Several means of transport is allowed to enter the Yellowstone.
C. Visitor Center is closed on Thanksgiving.
D. Visitors can get cell service all the year round.
3. Where do you think the passage is from?
A. A tourist guide book. B. A web page.
C. A scientific research. D. An entertainment magazine.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了黄石公园旅游的一些信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Fees & Passes部分“1. Yellowstone (non-commercial vehicle)- $35.00 2. Yellowstone (motorcycle or snowmobile)- $30.00 3. Yellowstone (individual on foot, bicycle, etc. ) -$20.00(费用和通行证 1.黄石公园（非商用车辆）—— $35.00 2. 黄石公园（摩托车或雪地摩托）——$30.00 3.黄石公园（个人步行，自行车等）——$20.00)”可知步行或骑自行车可以节省最多的钱。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Weather部分“Bring a range of clothing options, including a warm jacket and rain gear, even in the summer.(带上一系列的衣服，包括保暖夹克和雨具，即使是在夏天。)”可知去黄石公园一定要带上各种各样的衣服，所以A项正确；由Fees & Passes部分“1. Yellowstone (non-commercial vehicle)- $35.00 2. Yellowstone (motorcycle or snowmobile)- $30.00 3. Yellowstone (individual on foot, bicycle, etc. ) -$20.00(费用和通行证 1.黄石公园（非商用车辆）—— $35.00 2. 黄石公园（摩托车或雪地摩托）——$30.00 3.黄石公园（个人步行，自行车等）——$20.00)”可知有几种交通方式可以进入黄石公园，所以B项正确；根据Visitor Center部分“Open 9:00 AM—5:00 PM from Sunday to Saturday except Thanksgiving.( 9:00 AM—5:00 PM 周日到周六感恩节除外)”可知感恩节期间旅游中心不开放，所以C项正确；根据文章最后一段“Cell service is extremely limited, with reception only available in or near major developed areas: Mammoth Hot Springs, Old Faithful, West Thumb and Grant Village, Lake Village and Fishing Bridge, Canyon Village to Tower Junction, and near the West Entrance. In summer, service is often used up in these areas.(手机服务非常有限，只有在主要发达地区或附近才有信号：猛犸温泉，老忠实，西拇指和格兰特村，湖村和钓鱼桥，峡谷村到塔交界处，以及西入口附近。在夏天，这些地区的服务经常耗尽。)”可知手机服务不是全年都可用，所以D项不对。故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章Fees & Passes部分“Cheek out our Fees & Passes web page to learn more about entrance fees, annual passes, and more.(浏览我们的收费和通行证网页了解更多关于入场费，年卡等信息。)”可知文章出自一个网页。故选B项。
B
When I first set foot on Mexican soil, I spoke Spanish well. So when I asked a local ice-cream seller for an ice-cream, and he said “ahorita,” which directly translates to “right now,” I took him at his word, believing that its arrival was immediate.
I sat near his shop and waited. Half an hour passed and still no ice-cream arrived, so I asked again about it. “Ahorita,” he told me again. His face was a mix of confusion and maybe even embarrassment.
I was torn. Waiting longer wasn’t pleasant, but I felt it was impolite to walk away, especially if the ice-cream was now being delivered just for me. But finally, after waiting too long, I made a rush for the nearest bus to take me home. As I left, I signalled at my wrist and shrugged to the ice-cream seller. Obviously, I couldn’t wait any longer and it really wasn’t my fault. His face was, once again, one of total confusion.
This experience faded from my memory until years later when I came back to live in Mexico. I discovered that understanding “ahorita” took not a fluency in the language, but rather a fluency in the culture. When someone from Mexico says “ahorita,” it should almost never be taken literally (照字面地); its meaning changes greatly with context. As a linguist told me, “Ahorita could mean tomorrow, in an hour, within five years or never.” It is even used as a polite way of saying “no, thanks” when refusing an offer.
Since I moved to Mexico, my attitude towards time has changed dramatically. I don’t worry so much about being late; I am generally still on time for appointments, but when I’m not, I don’t panic. Ironically, it would seem that “Ahorita Time” has actually allowed me to live far more in the “right now” than I ever did before.
4. Why did the author believe that his ice-cream’s arrival was immediate?
A. Because the seller told him that it would be served soon.
B. Because he was confident of the direct translation of “ahorita”.
C. Because the ice-cream shop was not crowded.
D. Because he asked about it again and the seller answered the same.
5. What does the underlined word “torn” mean in the third paragraph?
A. tired. B. too hungry to move. C. unable to decide. D. thirsty.
6. What should be paid attention to when understanding “ahorita”?
A. A fluency in the culture. B. A fluency in the language.
C. Translating it literally. D. Its unchangeable meaning.
7. Which is the best title of the passage?
A. The importance of understanding foreign cultures
B. The different meanings of “ahorita”
C. How interesting Spanish is
D. The confusing way Mexicans tell time
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是作者在墨西哥说西班牙语与当地人不同理解造成的误会。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“When I first set foot on Mexican soil, I spoke Spanish well. So when I asked a local ice-cream seller for an ice-cream, and he said “ahorita,” which directly translates to “right now,” I took him at his word, believing that its arrival was immediate.(当我第一次踏上墨西哥的土地时，我的西班牙语说得很好。所以，当我向当地的冰淇淋小贩要冰淇淋时，他说“ahorita”，翻译过来就是“马上”的意思，我就相信了他的话，相信冰淇淋马上就到了。)”可知，因为作者的西班牙语讲得很好，而“ahorita”翻译过来就是“马上”的意思，所以作者相信他的冰激凌马上就到了。故选B项。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“Waiting longer wasn’t pleasant, but I felt it was impolite to walk away, especially if the ice-cream was now being delivered just for me.(再等下去一点也不愉快，但我觉得走开是不礼貌的，尤其是现在冰淇淋是专门为我送去的。)”可知因为等的时间太长了，所以作者不愿再等下去，但又觉得走开不礼貌，所以可以推测作者很纠结，不知道是否要离开。由此推知torn意为“无法做决定”。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“I discovered that understanding “ahorita” took not a fluency in the language, but rather a fluency in the culture. (我发现理解“ahorita”并不需要语言的流利，而是需要文化的流利。)”可知，理解“ahorita”的意思需要注意的是文化的流利性。故选A项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Since I moved to Mexico, my attitude towards time has changed dramatically. I don’t worry so much about being late; I am generally still on time for appointments, but when I’m not, I don’t panic. Ironically, it would seem that “Ahorita Time” has actually allowed me to live far more in the “right now” than I ever did before.(自从我搬到墨西哥，我对时间的态度发生了巨大的变化。我不太担心迟到。我通常都能准时赴约，但当我不能准时赴约时，我也不会惊慌。具有讽刺意味的是，“Ahorita Time”实际上让我比以往任何时候都更能活在“当下”。)”以及文章其他段落的内容可知，文章主要讲的是作者在墨西哥说西班牙语与当地人因对于表示时间的单词“ahorita”的不同理解造成的误会，所以文章主要围绕着墨西哥人表达时间的令人困惑的方式展开，因此D项The confusing way Mexicans tell time( 墨西哥人令人困惑的表达时间的方式)作为文章标题最合适。故选D项。
C
When you think of a fearsome hunter, images of lions and sharks may spring to mind. Recent research by environmental scientists, however, shows that in fact, humans are the most fearsome hunters who have the greatest impact on animal populations. Human activities have brought many animals close to extinction. In the last 500 years, over 300 species of animals have gone extinct. Some activities, such as hunting and fishing, directly harm animals, while other activities, such as development in towns and cities, impact indirectly on animal populations___8___
Hunting and fishing have directly influenced the world’s animal populations. Some people hunt animals for food: whale meat is eaten in some parts of the world. Some people hunt animals for fashion: animal skin is used to make coats and bags. Still others hunt animals just for fun: deer are tracked and shot by people who enjoy the excitement of the sport.
Human activities that have indirect effects on animals can be just as harmful. When we build farms or factories, we destroy animal habitats and leave many animals with nowhere to live, or no food to eat. We can also put animals in danger without ever entering their habitats. Air, water, noise and light pollution can all have a deep and damaging influence quite far from their source. Partly due to pollution caused by ship traffic and other human activities, the dolphin population has dropped greatly. As the human population continues to grow, so does the effect we have on animals.
8. What role does the underlined sentence play in the first paragraph?
A. to introduce the following paragraphs.
B. to summarize the first paragraph.
C. to list the result of human activities’ impact on animals.
D. to draw a conclusion.
9. What are the three main reasons why people hunt animals?
A. to wear the skin, cat the meat and raise the animals for fun.
B. to eat the meat, wear the skin and enjoy the hunting.
C. to earn money, raise the animals for fun and enjoy the hunting
D. to travel by sea, eat the meat and raise money.
10. Which is not the indirect impact on animals by human activities?
A. Human activities caused the animal’s food shortage.
B. Animals’ habitats shrink greatly.
C. Animal population drops quickly.
D. Animals come to extinction.
11. How does the writer develop the passage?
A. By analyzing data. B. By listing facts.
C. By giving definitions. D. By comparison.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是人类活动对于动物的消极影响。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Human activities have brought many animals close to extinction. In the last 500 years, over 300 species of animals have gone extinct.Some activities, such as hunting and fishing, directly harm animals, while other activities, such as development in towns and cities, impact indirectly on animal populations(人类活动使许多动物濒临灭绝。在过去的500年里，超过300种动物灭绝了。一些活动，如狩猎和捕鱼，直接伤害动物，而其他活动，如城镇和城市的发展，间接影响动物数量。)”以及第二段“Hunting and fishing have directly influenced the world’s animal populations. (狩猎和捕鱼直接影响了世界动物的数量。)”以及第三段“Human activities that have indirect effects on animals can be just as harmful.(对动物有间接影响的人类活动可能同样有害。)”可知二、三段内容是从直接影响和间接影响两个方面对第一段最后一句进行说明，所以划线句的作用应是引出后面的段落。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Some people hunt animals for food: whale meat is eaten in some parts of the world. Some people hunt animals for fashion: animal skin is used to make coats and bags. Still others hunt animals just for fun: deer are tracked and shot by people who enjoy the excitement of the sport.(有些人捕猎动物为食:在世界的某些地方，鲸肉被食用。有些人捕猎动物是为了时尚:动物皮被用来制作外套和包。还有一些人打猎只是为了好玩:追逐鹿的人喜欢这项刺激的运动。)”可知人类捕杀动物的原因是为了吃肉，穿由动物的皮制成的衣物和享受狩猎。故选B项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Human activities that have indirect effects on animals can be just as harmful.When we build farms or factories, we destroy animal habitats and leave many animals with nowhere to live, or no food to eat. We can also put animals in danger without ever entering their habitats. Air, water, noise and light pollution can all have a deep and damaging influence quite far from their source. Partly due to pollution caused by ship traffic and other human activities, the dolphin population has dropped greatly. (对动物有间接影响的人类活动也同样有害。当我们建造农场或工厂时，我们破坏了动物的栖息地，使许多动物无处居住，或没有食物可吃。我们也可以不进入动物的栖息地就把它们置于危险之中。空气、水、噪音和光污染都可能在远离源头的地方产生深刻的破坏性影响。部分由于船舶交通和其他人类活动造成的污染，海豚的数量已经大大下降。)”可知人类活动间接导致了动物数量的下降，食物的短缺和栖息地的缩小，并没有提到动物的灭绝。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“ome people hunt animals for food: whale meat is eaten in some parts of the world. Some people hunt animals for fashion: animal skin is used to make coats and bags. Still others hunt animals just for fun: deer are tracked and shot by people who enjoy the excitement of the sport.(有些人捕猎动物为食:在世界的某些地方，鲸肉被食用。有些人捕猎动物是为了时尚:动物皮被用来制作外套和包。还有一些人打猎只是为了好玩:追逐鹿的人喜欢这项刺激的运动。)”以及文章第三段“When we build farms or factories, we destroy animal habitats and leave many animals with nowhere to live, or no food to eat. We can also put animals in danger without ever entering their habitats. Air, water, noise and light pollution can all have a deep and damaging influence quite far from their source. Partly due to pollution caused by ship traffic and other human activities, the dolphin population has dropped greatly.(当我们建造农场或工厂时，我们破坏了动物的栖息地，使许多动物无处居住，或没有食物可吃。我们也可以不进入动物的栖息地就把它们置于危险之中。空气、水、噪音和光污染都可能在远离源头的地方产生深刻的破坏性影响。部分由于船舶交通和其他人类活动造成的污染，海豚的数量已经大大下降。)”可知作者通过列举一系列事实来说明人类活动对于动物的消极影响。故选B项。
D
Festivals are celebrated all around the world. They have a wide range of origins, such as the seasons of the year, religions, famous figures, and important events. Every festival has its different customs and unique charms. However, no matter how different they may seem, all over the world, the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals.
Of all the traditional festivals, the harvest festival can be found in almost every culture. This important agricultural festival takes place after all the crops have been gathered in. People celebrate to show that they are grateful for the year’s supply of food. In ancient Egypt, the harvest festival was celebrated during the springtime — the Egyptian harvest season. It featured a parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports. Today, in some European countries, people decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and get together to celebrate over a meal. During the Mid-Autumn Festival in China, families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious moon cakes.
Customs play a significant role in festivals, but sometimes they can change over time. With the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade away and others may be established. One example is the typical Chinese Spring Festival custom of lighting firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits and celebrate the new year. Nowadays, many big cities have given up this custom in order to avoid air pollution. Another example is Halloween, which slowly became an exciting festival for children, in spite of its religious origins.
Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations. Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones. Some believe festivals should not be commercialized, while others believe the increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness.
Festivals are an important part of society. They reflect people’s wishes, beliefs, faiths, and attitudes towards life. They are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while. They help us understand where we came from, who we are, and what to appreciate. And if you study festivals carefully, you may be surprised to find that different cultures actually have a lot in common after all.
12. Why do people in different cultures celebrate the harvest festival?
A. It’s tradition in their religion.
B. It’s a only custom in their culture.
C. It’s a way to express their appreciation and cheers.
D. It’s a chance for people to enjoy themselves together.
13. How did some festivals change over time according to the passage?
A. Fireworks can’t drive the evil spirits away.
B. Festivals play an important role in commerce.
C. People share information faster than before with society developing.
D. People get gifts easier than before due to the increase of the economy.
14. What’s the writer’s attitude towards the commercialization of festivals?
A. Neutral. B. Doubtful. C. Supportive. D. Disapproving.
15. Which statement is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Almost every culture celebrates harvest festival.
B. Festivals are a reflection of people’s outlook on life and values.
C. Festivals have something in common with each other in different cultures.
D. The religious origins of Halloween have disappeared.
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是人类节日的重要性，多样性，以及随着时间的推移，它的变化及意义。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“People celebrate to show that they are grateful for the year’s supply of food.( 人们庆祝丰收节是为了表示他们对一年来食物供应的感激之情)”可知，不同文化的人们庆祝丰收节是因为这是一种他们表达感激和快乐的一种方式。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“With the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade away and others may be established.(随着现代社会的发展和新思想的传播，有些传统会渐渐消失，而另一些传统则得以建立)”可知，随着社会的发展，人们比以前更快地分享信息，一些传统会变得慢慢消失，新的传统会产生。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations. Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones. Some believe festivals should not be commercialized, while others believe the increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness.(节日变得越来越商业化，商家也在利用庆祝活动。在线购物网站和社交媒体应用程序让公众更容易花更多的钱给他们所爱的人买礼物。一些人认为节日不应该被商业化，而另一些人则认为支出的增加有利于经济和公众幸福)”可知，对于节日的商业化作者只是在客观地陈述不同人的不同观点，并没有表明个人的观点。由此推知，作者的态度是中立的。故选A项。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Of all the traditional festivals, the harvest festival can be found in almost every culture.(在所有的传统节日中，丰收节几乎存在于每一种文化中)”可知，几乎每一种文化都庆祝丰收节，所以A项正确；根据文章最后一段“Festivals are an important part of society. They reflect people’s wishes, beliefs, faiths, and attitudes towards life. They are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while. They help us understand where we came from, who we are, and what to appreciate. And if you study festivals carefully, you may be surprised to find that different cultures actually have a lot in common after all.(节日是社会的重要组成部分。它们反映了人们的愿望、信仰、信仰和对生活的态度。它们是让我们放松和享受生活的场合，可以暂时忘记我们的工作。它们帮助我们了解我们从哪里来，我们是谁，以及应该感激什么。如果你仔细研究节日，你可能会惊讶地发现不同的文化实际上有很多共同之处)”可知，节日是人们对生活和价值观的看法，所以B项正确；而不同的文化实际上着许多更同之处，所以C项正确；根据文章第三段“Another example is Halloween, which slowly became an exciting festival for children, in spite of its religious origins.(另一个例子是万圣节，尽管它起源于宗教，但它慢慢成为了孩子们激动人心的节日)”可知，万圣节虽然成为了孩子们的节日，但是这并不意味着它的宗教来源已经消失，所以D项不正确。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A Beginner’s guide to exercise
You want to start doing exercise?Congratulations!You have just taken your first step towards a new and improved you.
Understanding the benefits of exercise
To start with, physical activity increases the efficiency of your heart and lungs. ____16____This extra effort makes them grow stronger over the long term. Some studies even show that exercise improves certain brain functions, meaning you could perform better at school!
Planning your exercise routine
When you plan an exercise routine the first thing to consider is what you expect to improve: heart and lung efficiency, muscle strength or flexibility.____17____ Strength training, such as pull-ups and weightlifting, increases muscle strength and encourages bone development. Flexibility training, including tai chi, helps stretch and improves your muscles.
Eating and drinking right
____18____. Foods like noodles, rice, fruit and vegetables give your body plenty of carbohydrates to keep up your energy during a long workout. You need to eat foods rich in protein and eat after exercise at least 30 minutes after a typical routine, or as much as an hour after a hard workout.____19____.
Avoiding injury
To prevent soft tissue injury, make sure that you wear proper clothes and equipment when exercising. You should also start small and slowly work your way to a longer and harder exercise routine to avoid getting hurt.____20____.
So, now you know the benefits of exercise and how to do it safely and effectively. What are you waiting for?
A. Regular exercise and good eating habits benefit your body a lot.
B. Finally remember to warm up before exercising and stretch at the end of your workout.
C. Remember to drink throughout exercise to make up for water lost to sweat.
D. Like cars that run on petrol, your body burns carbohydrates for energy.
E. Aerobic activities like jogging, swimming and skiing, develop your heart and lungs.
F. During exercise, your heart and lungs must work harder.
G. Go to see a doctor if you get hurt.
【答案】16. F 17. E 18. D 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要为初次锻炼的人提供了一些建议，以帮助他们更好地达到目标。
【16题详解】
根据空前“To start with, physical activity increases the efficiency of your heart and lungs.(首先，体育活动可以提高你的心肺的效率。)”可知，体育运动对于心肺有好处；再根据空后“This extra effort makes them grow stronger over the long term. (从长远来看，这种额外的努力会让他们变得更强大。)”可知，作者解释了运动如何对心肺好。选项F“During exercise, your heart and lungs must work harder. (运动时，你的心脏和肺必须更努力地工作。)”中的“work harder”与下文中的“this extra effort”相一致；内容上也与下文一致。故选F。
【17题详解】
根据空前“When you plan an exercise routine, the first thing to consider is what you expect to improve: heart and lung efficiency, muscle strength or flexibility.(当你计划一项日常锻炼时，首先要考虑的是你希望提高什么：心肺效率、肌肉力量或灵活性。)”可知，下文要提到三方面内容；再根据空后“Strength training, such as pull-ups and weightlifting, increases muscle strength and encourages bone development. (力量训练，如引体向上和举重，可以增加肌肉力量，促进骨骼发育。)”可判断，空处内容和提高心肺效率相关。选项E“Aerobic activities, like jogging, swimming and skiing, develop your heart and lungs. (有氧运动，如慢跑、游泳和滑雪，可以发展你的心脏和肺。)”提到有氧运动有助于心肺。与上下文内容一致。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据下文“Foods like noodles, rice, fruit and vegetables give your body plenty of carbohydrates to keep up your energy during a long workout. (面条、米饭、水果和蔬菜等食物可以为你的身体提供大量的碳水化合物，在长时间的锻炼中保持你的能量。)”可知，下文提到了可以提供碳水化合物的食物。选项D“Like cars that run on petrol, your body burns carbohydrates for energy.(像汽车靠油行驶一样，你的身体得燃烧碳水化合物来获取能量。)”与下文内容一致，指的是身体需要碳水化合物来保持能量。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据小标题“Eating and drinking right(正确饮食)”以及上文“You need to eat foods rich in protein and eat after exercise at least 30 minutes after a typical routine, or as much as an hour after a hard workout. (你需要吃富含蛋白质的食物，并在运动后至少30分钟后进食，或者在高强度运动后一小时后进食。”可知，这里提到了吃东西时的一些注意点。选项C“Remember to drink throughout exercise to make up for water lost to sweat.(运动过程中要记得喝水，以补充因出汗而流失的水分。)”提到了喝水的重要性。内容与上文一致，故选C。
【20题详解】
根据上文“To prevent soft tissue injury, make sure that you wear proper clothes and equipment when exercising. You should also start small and slowly work your way to a longer and harder exercise routine to avoid getting hurt.(为了防止软组织损伤，运动时一定要穿合适的衣服和器械。为了避免受伤，你也应该从小动作开始，慢慢地进行更长时间、更艰苦的锻炼。)”可知，上文介绍了避免受伤的一些注意点；选项B“Finally, remember to warm up before exercising and stretch at the end of your workout.(最后，记得运动前热身，运动结束时拉伸。)”与上文内容一致，也是提醒读者热身以及拉伸从而避免受伤。故选B。
第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分40分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。
Every year, many people worldwide capture and keep dolphins in small pools, providing them with fish to eat instead of having them to hunt for themselves. It affects their ____21____ greatly, and has proved to have terrible ____22____.
Thus comes the question: Should captive dolphins be ____23____?
Jeff Foster, a 55-year-old expert, decided to help two captive dolphins, Tom and Misha, to reach their top physical ____24____ . Every day, he used to train the two dolphins to ____25____ their wild homes again. Twenty months ____26____, Tome and Misha began to act like wild dolphins and they were released (放走) back into the sea.
Although Tom and Misha lived in captivity for four to five years, they were able to ____27____ the wild. It was ____28____ what Foster had hoped for. His dreams for the dolphins had finally come true and he knew that dolphins would ____29____ in the wild.
This program was a big _____30_____, but there have been others that failed. For example, another dolphin, Keiko, was released into the ocean in 2002, but _____31_____ a year later because of all the misery (不幸) he _____32_____. The sudden environment change did not suit him well.
If people want to _____33_____ these accidents, we must go to great lengths and put in the effort to _____34_____ it doesn’t happen ever again. In fact, with the development of virtual reality technology, there can still be great ways to _____35_____ kids with sea animals without having to capture them.
21. A. body B. eyesight C. hearing D. lifestyle
22. A. deaths B. consequences C. changes D. accidents
23. A. captured B. set free C. eaten D. killed
24. A. condition B. size C. weight D. appearance
25. A. get interested in B. take eve of C. make use of D. get used to
26. A. late B. later C. latter D. after
27. A. adapt to B. lead to C. turn to D. used to
28. A. exactly B. possibly C. awfully D. hardly
29. A. search B. survive C. produce D. train
30. A. error B. success C. challenge D. chance
31. A. escaped B. regretted C. recovered D. died
32. A. brought B. looked into C. suffered from D. led to
33. A. avoid B. accept C. witness D. forget
34. A. stop B. raise C. ensure D. know
35. A. threaten B. entertain C. change D. inspire
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. A 29. B 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要说明圈养对海豚造成了严重的后果，人类应该将它们放归大海。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它很严重的影响了他们的生活方式，并已经证明有可怕的后果。A. body身体；B. eyesight视力；C. hearing听力；D. lifestyle生活方式。根据上文“Every year, many people worldwide capture and keep dolphins in small pools, providing them with fish to eat instead of having them to hunt for themselves.”可知，生活在池子里对海豚的生活方式有很大的影响。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. deaths死亡；B. consequences后果；C. changes改变；D. accidents事故。根据下文“Thus comes the question: Should captive dolphins be ____3____?”推知，把海豚养在水池里造成了可怕的后果，因此才会有这个讨论。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：应该释放圈养的海豚吗? A. captured抓；B. set free释放；C. eaten吃；D. killed杀死。根据下文“they were released (放走) back into the sea.”可知，此处是指把圈养的海豚释放到海里。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：55岁的专家杰夫·福斯特决定帮助两只圈养的海豚汤姆和米莎达到最佳体格状态。A. condition 条件，状态；B. size尺寸；C. weight重量；D. appearance外表。根据下文“Tome and Misha began to act like wild dolphins and they were released (放走) back into the sea. ”可知，杰夫·福斯特决定把两只圈养海豚训练到体格的最佳状态，然后释放它们。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：每天，他都训练两只海豚重新适应它们的野外家园。A. get interested in对……感兴趣；B. take care of照顾；C. make use of利用；D. get used to习惯于。根据“they were released (放走) back into the sea.”推知，杰夫·福斯特要让两只海豚适应自己的野生家园，之后才能成功释放它们。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查副词、介词和形容词词义辨析。句意：20个月后，汤姆和米莎开始像野生海豚一样行动，它们被放回大海。A. late迟地；B. later后来；C. latter后者的；D. after在……之后。结合句意表示“20个月后”应用20 months later。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管汤姆和米沙被圈养了4-5年，它们已经能够适应野外生活了。A. adapt to适应；B. lead to导致；C. turn to转向，求助；D. used to过去常常。根据下文“His dreams for the dolphins had finally come true”推知，海豚适应了野外生活。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这正是福斯特所希望的，他对海豚的梦想终于实现了。A. exactly确切地；B. possibly可能地；C. awfully可怕地；D. hardly几乎不。根据上文“Although Tom and Misha lived in captivity for four to five years, they were able to ____7____ the wild.”和下文“His dreams for the dolphins had finally come true.”可知，海豚适应野外生活正是福斯特所希望的。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他对海豚的梦想终于实现了，他知道海豚会在野外幸存下来。A. search寻找；B. survive幸存；C. produce生产；D. train训练。根据上文“they were able to adapt to the wild.”可知，海豚会在野外生存下来。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个项目取得了巨大的成功，但也有其他失败的项目。A. error错误；B. success成功；C. challenge挑战；D. chance机会。根据“there have been others that failed”和表示转折意义的but可知，福斯特释放海豚的项目是成功的。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如,另一个海豚2002年回到海洋，但一年后去世，因为他遭受的所有的不幸。A. escaped逃跑；B. regretted后悔，遗憾；C. recovered恢复；D. died死亡。根据上文“but there have been others that failed”和for example可知，此处列举失败的案例，由此推知，释放的海豚死亡了。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词和动词词组辨析。句意同上。A. brought带来；B. looked into调查；C. suffered from遭受；D. led to导致。根据“all the misery”可知，此处是指遭受的不幸。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果人们想避免这类事故，我们必须竭尽全力确保此类事故不再发生。A. avoid避免，避开；B. accept接受；C. witness见证；D. forget忘记。根据下文“it doesn’t happen ever again”可知，此处是指避免这种事故的发生。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. stop停止；B. raise提高，饲养；C. ensure确保；D. know知道。根据上文“we must go to great lengths and put in the effort”可知，此处指竭尽全力确保这类事故不再发生。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，随着虚拟现实技术的发展，我们仍然可以找到很好的方法让孩子们用海洋动物娱乐，而不用去捕捉海豚。A. threaten威胁；B. entertain娱乐；C. change改变；D. inspire激励。根据“kids with sea animals without having to capture them.”和常识可知，此处是指让孩子们通过观看其他海洋动物娱乐，而不是非得抓海豚。故选B。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Located in the north-cast of Italy, Venice is ____36____(know) as “The Floating City”. Venice is not a single island. It is made up of over 100 small islands, ____37____are connected by waterways and bridges. Even today, boats remain the most common way to travel around. Look anywhere in Venice, ____38____you will see ____39____(tradition) boats called “gondola”.
____40____(fortunate), water is also putting Venice in great danger. The Floating City is, in fact, sinking. But these floods could now be a thing of the past, thanks ____41____a new flood prevention project. Dozens of gates have been built to hold back the sea. Each of these gates ____42____(be) 20 meters wide, with the longest about 30 meters long, which will be raised to separate the city from the sea.
But only time will tell if this project is the right solution. The important thing is that action is being taken ____43____(protect) the city’s future ____44____(generation). And if it works it means ____45____longer, drier future for Venice.
【答案】36. known
37. which 38. and
39. traditional
40. Unfortunately 41. to 42. is
43. to protect
44. generations 45. a
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是水城威尼斯的现状及对它的保护措施。
【36题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：威尼斯位于意大利北部，被誉为“漂浮的城市”。be known as意为“被称为”，固定搭配。故填known。
【37题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：威尼斯不是一个单独的岛屿。它由100多个小岛组成，这些小岛由水路和桥梁连接。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为small islands，先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
【38题详解】
考查连词。句意：在威尼斯的任何地方，你都会看到被称为“贡多拉”的传统船只。此处为祈使句+and/or+简单句的结构，空前后意思为顺承关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在威尼斯的任何地方，你都会看到被称为“贡多拉”的传统船只。结合句意及空后的名词boats，可知应填形容词形式traditional，作定语，修饰名词boats。故填traditional。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：不幸地是，水也使威尼斯处于极大的危险之中。结合句意空处应填副词形式，作状语，修饰整个句子，空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Unfortunately。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：但由于一项新的防洪工程，这些洪水现在可能成为过去。结合句意及空前的thanks可知应填介词to，短语thanks to意为“多亏；幸亏”，固定搭配。故填to。
【42题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这些门都是20米宽，最长的大约30米长，将被抬高，将城市与大海分开。空处为系动词，主语为Each，且此处为客观陈述，应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式is。故填is。
【43题详解】
考查不定式。句意：但只有时间才能证明这个项目是否是正确的解决方案。重要的是，我们正在采取行动保护这座城市的子孙后代。结合句意空处应填不定式的形式，作目的状语。故填to protect。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：但只有时间才能证明这个项目是否是正确的解决方案。重要的是，我们正在采取行动保护这座城市的子孙后代。结合句意及空前的the city’s future 可知应填名词的复数形式generations，作宾语。故填generations。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：如果这能奏效，就意味着威尼斯有一个更长久、更干燥的未来。结合句意可知此处应填冠词，表示“一个更长久、更干燥的未来”，为泛指，应用不定冠词，且longer的发音是辅音音素开头。故填a。
第三节 短语填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
从方框中选出合适的短语, 用其正确形式完成句子。短语中有两项为多余选项。
share with graduate from wash away concentrate on pass down as much as sb. can
turn around instead of refer to…as… leave behind on Earth in harmony with
46. You couldn’t have dragged Jimmy out of New York; he thought it was the only place________.
47. ________, I saw a white-haired man.
48. The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from________.
49. Lisa ________ our school last June and is about to go to college in New York.
50. While I was ________ photographing this amazing scene, I suddenly had a feeling that I was being watched.
51. “World Trade Organization” can ________ WTO, and ASAP is short for “as soon as possible”.
52. Mum wouldn’t have been happy if I’d________ Jonny ________.
53. For example, ________saying “It’s raining heavily”, you could say “It’s raining cats and dogs”.
54. Alistair says that they encourage each other ________ when they train.
55. What is most significant is the way in which people have worked ________ nature to make these terraces and grow rice.
【答案】46. on Earth
47. Turning around
48. being washed away
49. graduated from
50. concentrating on
51. be referred to as
52. ①. left ②. behind
53. instead of
54. as much as they can
55. in harmony with
【解析】
【46题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：你不可能把吉米拖出纽约；他认为那是地球上唯一的地方。on Earh“地球上”符合句意。故填on Earth。
【47题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：回过头，我看到一位白发苍苍的男士。turn around“转身”符合句意，句中已有谓语动词saw，空处应用非谓语动词，turn around和逻辑主语I是主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填Turning around。
【48题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：平坦的梯田可以收集雨水，防止土壤被冲走。wash away“冲走”符合句意，介词后应用其动名词形式，且逻辑主语soil与wash away是被动关系，故用动名词的被动式。故填being washed away。
【49题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：丽莎去年六月从我们学校毕业，即将去纽约上大学。graduate from“从……毕业”符合句意，作句子谓语动词，根据时间状语last June可知，描述过去的事情应用一般过去时。故填graduated from。
【50题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：当我专注于拍摄这个惊人的场景时，我突然有一种被监视的感觉。concentrate on“专注于”符合题意，空处作从句谓语动词，结合语境可知描述过去正在发生的事情，应用过去进行时，空前有was，空处填现在分词。故填concentrating on。
【51题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：“World Trade Organization”可以简称为WTO， ASAP是“尽快”的缩写。refer to...as“称为”符合题意，主语“World Trade Organization”和refer to是被动关系，且空前有情态动词can，故处填be done。故填be referred to as。
【52题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：如果我丢下乔尼，妈妈会不高兴的。leave behind“留下”符合句意，结合语境和上文wouldn’t have been happy可知，此处if引导非真实条件状语从句，与过去事实相反，从句应用过去完成时，空1应填leave的过去分词形式和had构成过去完成时。故填left；behind。
【53题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：例如，与其说“It’s raining heavily”，不如说“It’s raining cats and dogs”。instead of“而非”符合句意。故填Instead of。
【54题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：阿利斯泰尔说，他们在训练时尽可能地互相鼓励。as much as sb. can“尽某人所能……”符合句意，根据each other可知sb.应转化为they，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。故填as much as they can。
【55题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：最重要的是人们与自然和谐相处的方式，建造了这些梯田和种植水稻。in harmony with“与……和谐共处”符合句意。故填in harmony with。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(满分15分)
56. 假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter沉迷于手机，引起父母不满，因而彼此产生矛盾。Peter写信向你倾诉苦恼，求助于你。请根据以下要点给Peter写一封电子邮件：
1.表达对他的情况的理解；
2.提出解决问题的建议；
3.表达祝愿。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter，
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Peter,
I am sorry to know that you are addicted to the mobile phone, which makes your parents upset. I can understand your feeling. After all, most of the teenagers have the same problem.
I think you need to take your parents feelings into consideration. Overusing mobile phones will have a bad effect on your study. Besides, it is not good to your eyes and does harm to your health. What's more, if you need mobile phones for practical use, you can communicate with your parents and use it with their permission.
I hope my suggestions will be of help to you. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于建议信。你的英国笔友Peter沉迷于手机，引起父母不满，因而彼此产生矛盾。Peter写信向你倾诉苦恼，求助于你。要求考生按要点给Peter写一封电子邮件，表示理解并且提出建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
沮丧的：depressed/blue→upset
把……考虑进去：take…into account→take…into consideration
对……有影响：have an influence on/have an impact on→have an effect on
对……有害：be harmful to→do harm to
对……有帮助：be helpful→be of help
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Overusing mobile phones will have a bad effect on your study.
拓展句：Don’t overuse mobile phones, which will have a bad effect on your study.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
I am sorry to know that you are addicted to the mobile phone, which makes your parents upset. (运用了that引导的宾语从句和which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]
What's more, if you need mobile phones for practical use, you can communicate with your parents and use it with their permission. (运用if引导的条件状语从句)
第二节(满分15分)
57. 阅读下面材料，根据内容和所给段落开头句子续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
注意：续写词数应为80左右。
Mrs Peabody, the English teacher, gave the class a writing assignment. “Write something in some way related to summer vacation,” she said. “Be as creative as you can. But,” the teacher added, “make sure you use proper spelling and grammar.” That night Jim sat at his desk at home and stared at a blank sheet of paper. He didn’t want to write about the summer vacation as usual. What could he write about, except a dog, a water park, and two weeks of camp? Boring… He’d actually been happy to get back to school.
So he wrote what he wanted. Not an essay at all but a short story, science fiction. It was about a distant planet that didn’t have summer—it was spring all the time. And it didn’t have vacations either. The aliens on the planet worked 24 hours a day. They wished they had vacations.
The next morning he handed in the story, but later that night he lay awake until 3 a.m. , thinking, “Why did I do that? Will Mrs Peabody think I ignored the assignment?” English was his favorite class. Maybe he would beg Mrs Peabody for a chance to write another one.
Paragraph:
But when he got to class the following day, it turned out that Mrs Peabody had already read and graded the essays.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】But when he got to class the following day, it turned out that Mrs Peabody had already read and graded the essays. Jim thought he might get an F. However, to his surprise, Mrs Peabody read out loud his story to the class, and praised him for his creativity and originality. She said that she was impressed by how he had combined science fiction with the topic of summer vacation. Jim felt like he was dreaming. He never expected his story to be so well-received. He was beaming with pride and happiness, and looked at his classmates, who were nodding in agreement.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Jim的暑假返校后，老师让他们写一篇和暑假相关的文章。Jim没有选择写真实的暑假经历，反而创作了一篇科幻小说。在上交了作业后，Jim有点后悔，认为自己不该写那样的话题。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①根据段首句子“但当他第二天去上课时，原来Mrs Peabody已经阅读了作文并给了评分。”可知，下文可描写Jim认为自己的等级会很低，但结果却出乎他的意料，老师表扬了他的创新。
2. 续写线索：老师已经评分——Jim认为作文可能等级很低——老师当众读Jim的文章——表扬Jim的创新——Jim的感受
3.词类激活
行为类
1.认为：think/believe
2.期待：expect/anticipate
3.结合：combine/connect
情绪类
①让某人吃惊的是：to one’s surprise/to one’s astonishment
②表扬：praise/commend
【点睛】[高分句型1]She said that she was impressed by how he had combined science fiction with the topic of summer vacation.（运用了that和how引导宾语从句）
[高分句型2]He was beaming with pride and happiness, and looked at his classmates, who were nodding in agreement.（运用了who引导非限制性定语从句）
听力答案：1—5 CACBB 6—10 ABACC 11—15 BAABC 16—20 BACAB
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