高考英语二轮复习专题强化练(三)含答案

这是一份高考英语二轮复习专题强化练(三)含答案，共9页。

(2023·广州市高三调研测试)Our planet quakes thusands f times a year，but we still can't predict exactly when and where earthquakes will strike.What if animals' dd behavirs culd warn us?
Researchers have reviewed hundreds f reprts n pre­packed abnrmal animal behavirs，but mre were just anecdtes．Gelgist Jim Berkland cunted newspaper ads lking fr runaway cats and dgs.On Octber 13，1989，he tld a newspaper reprter a big quake wuld strike in a week.Fur days later，the Lma Prieta earthquake hit! But the scientific cmmunity still rejected Berkland's thery.He didn't dcument every predictin，s nbdy culd measure his accuracy rate.
Actual scientific evidence has t be repeatable.And a cnnectin between a cause and an effect has t be shwn t be strnger than randm chance thrugh careful experimentatin and data cllectin.Califrnia researchers in the 1970s happened t have built cntrlled habitats t mnitr the wheel­running activity f pcket mice.These habitats happened t be in an active earthquake area.Then the 1971 San Fernand Earthquake struck nearby.The researchers checked their data and fund n big changes in hw lng the animals ran in their wheels r stayed undergrund befre the earthquake activity.What might the next experiment shw?
Researchers frm 150 universities wrldwide are wrking n a new study called the ICARUS prject.The prject tracks many small animal species such as birds，bats，and turtles fr the purpse f scientific research.One grup f researchers are lking fr pssible cnnectins between animal behavirs and earthquakes.If they find a reliable cnnectin，this culd save hundreds f thusands f human lives.ICARUS aims t pwer an app that will give peple hurs t get t safety.
Hwever，nt everyne is hpeful.Gelgist Wendy Bhn said that ICARUS is ding sme “cl things”，but she knws animal behavirs are hard t pin dwn.“My cat culd act crazy befre an earthquake，”she says.“But it als acts crazy if smebdy uses the can pener.”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。人类无法准确预测地震，但是动物异常行为是否可以在某种程度上反映地震的发生呢？
1．What des the underlined wrd“anecdtes”mean in paragraph 2?
A．Real­life news stries.
B．Randm individual studies.
C．Repeated scientific reprts.
D．Unprved persnal accunts.
解析：词句猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的but和下文Berkland的例子可知，虽有几百份异常动物行为报告，但很多都是未经证实的。
答案：D
2．Why was Berkland's thery rejected by the scientific cmmunity?
A．He used unreliable data frm newspaper ads.
B．His dcument wasn't cnsistent with his thery.
C．His study didn't include enugh animal samples.
D．He failed t prve the accuracy f his predictins.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But the scientific cmmunity still rejected Berkland's his accuracy rate”可知，他没有记录每一个预测，所以没有人能衡量他的准确率。
答案：D
3．What is the ultimate gal f the ICARUS prject?
A．T prvide accurate pre­quake warnings.
B．T develp an app fr peple t call fr help during quakes.
C．T seek wrldwide cperatin in quake predictin.
D．T find cnnectins between animal behavirs and quakes.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“ICARUS aims t pwer an app that will give peple hurs t get t safety”可知，该项目的最终目标是提前预警地震，给人们足够多的时间到达安全地带。
答案：A
4．What is Wendy Bhn's attitude twards the ICARUS prject?
A．Disapprving. B．Dubtful.
C．Intlerant. D．Unclear.
解析：观点态度题。根据第五段中的“Hwever，nt everyne is t pin dwn”可知，Wendy Bhn认为动物的行为很难确定，故其对ICARUS项目持怀疑态度。
答案：B
B
(2023·汕头金中南校高三二模)SntBt is n a missin.The taster­sized drne(无人机)flies ver the pen cean，directly abve an unusual whale.On a bat nearby，Andy Rgan smiles with jy.Rgan has been studying whales in his entire career but had never seen this species.
Back in 2011，Lian Pin Kh and Serge Wich，cnservatin experts，wndered if there might be an easier way t get data f animals in the wild.Wildlife researchers ften walk thrugh frests. They may lk clsely at whales frm bats r stay in helicpters t view animals frm abve. Such trips are usually dangerus.Plus，their nise may scare animals.And helicpters can't fly very far ver the cean because there's nwhere t land r refuel.
“We thught，‘What if yu fly ver them with a flying camera？’”says Wich.S they put tgether a drne frm a remte­cntrl mdel airplane and camera equipment.And it did the trick.On a test flight，the drne caught an image f an rangutan(猩猩)at the tp f a very tall tree.The pair realized this was just the beginning f a whle new way f ding cnservatin wrk.
Nw Wich and his clleagues are building AI that autmatically lcates and recgnizes animals.They call their prject Cnservatin AI.When smene uplads an image r vide，the mdel analyzes the data.Then the mdel recgnizes anything it can.In the future，an AI mdel culd keep watch，instead f frest guards.It culd send warnings when seeing dubtful activities.
The team tested this idea in a study in East Africa.Vlunteers in Tanzania pretended t be pachers(偷猎者)．The researchers made drnes fly ver the actrs at different times f the day.Overall，peple lking at the drne images did a better jb than the AI mdel at finding pretend pachers.The mdel picked ut many things that weren't peple at all.But the mdel fund pachers that mst peple missed.With a little mre wrk，Wich thinks that systems like this will make it easier fr cnservatinists t better prtect endangered animals.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一款飞行机器人SntBt帮助保护濒危野生动物的事例。
5．What can we say abut the researchers' traditinal way f studying animals?
A．It's risky and ineffective.
B．It's demanding and cheap.
C．It can cause great harm t wildlife.
D．It usually fcuses n land animals.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“Such trips are usually dangerus.Plus，their nise may scare animals.And helicpters can't fly very far ver the cean because there's nwhere t land r refuel.(这样的旅行通常是危险的。此外，它们的噪音可能会吓到动物。而且直升机不能在海洋上空飞得很远，因为没有地方可以降落或加油。)”可推断，研究人员研究动物的传统方法是有风险和效率低的。
答案：A
6．What can we infer abut Cnservatin AI frm the passage?
A．It can replace cnservatinists' wrk.
B．It wrks by studying data first.
C．It can punish the pachers.
D．It is fully autmated.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“They call their prject Cnservatin AI.When smene uplads an image r vide，the mdel analyzes the data.(他们把这个项目称为“人工智能保护”。当有人上传图片或视频时，这个模型就会分析数据。)”可推断，“人工智能保护”的工作原理是先研究数据。
答案：B
7．What is Wich's attitude t the future f the AI mdel?
A．Critical. B．Hpeful
C．Wrried. D．Prejudiced.
解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段“With a little mre wrk，Wich thinks that systems like this will make it easier fr cnservatinists t better prtect endangered animals.(威奇认为，再多做一点工作，这样的系统将使环保主义者更容易更好地保护濒危动物。)”可推断，维奇对人工智能模型的未来态度是充满希望的。
答案：B
8．Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text？
A．Achievements in Wildlife Cnservatin
B．Majr Discveries f Bilgical Species
C．AI Study Has Achieved a Breakthrugh
D．Flying Rbts Prtect Endangered Wildlife
解析：主旨大意题。根据第四段“Nw Wich and his clleagues are building AI that autmatically lcates and recgnizes animals.(现在威奇和他的同事正在开发一种可以自动定位和识别动物的人工智能。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了一款飞行机器人SntBt帮助保护濒危野生动物的事例。所以“Flying Rbts Prtect Endangered Wildlife(飞行机器人保护濒危野生动物)”作为文章标题最为合适。
答案：D
C
[2023·石家庄市高中毕业年级质检(一)]Fds high in sugar are unhealthy，but these additives are t delicius fr many f us t give up r reduce in a way.What if we culd smehw enjy their taste withut actually eating them？A student team has nw designed a spn with a structure that stimulates taste buds(味蕾)t prduce a sense f sweetness withut adding calries r chemicals.The prject fllws previus wrk invlving flavr­enhancing cutlery like chpsticks that increase sweetness with a mild electric current.
The five undergraduate and graduate research students wanted t create a new spn called Sugarware fr peple with such disrders as diabetes，with which sugar is largely ff their menu.
The new spn wuld have several bumps(凸块)n its underside t press against the tngue. The bumps can be cvered with a permanent layer f mlecules(分子)called ligands.These ligands bnd with taste­cell receptr prteins that typically react t sugar mlecules r artificial sweeteners. The bnd can activate nerve signals，causing the brain t register a sense f sweetness. A diner culd thus stimulate sweetness receptrs withut actual intake f sugar r artificial sweeteners.
This idea is similar t the previus wrk in that they all use cutlery t enhance taste withut a user having t actually cnsume any sugar.“But the mechanism fr stimulating the taste buds is cmpletely different，”Shiyu Xu，ne f the student researchers，says.“It uses bumps and taste­bud­stimulating mlecules rather than electricity.”
The idea is“very creative，”says Pala Almeida，wh is the glbal directr f crprate innvatin at candy maker Mars.But the prduct's cmmercial success wuld require a significant behaviral shift amng cnsumers: instead f adding the usual sugar r artificial sweeteners，“nw we're saying，‘Use this cutlery’，”Almeida says.“It remains t be seen whether flavr­enhancing cutlery will catch n.”
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。由本科生和研究生组成的五人小组研发了一种通过刺激味蕾可产生甜味的新勺子，其工作机制是用餐者可以在不摄入糖或人工甜味剂的情况下刺激甜味受体。
9．What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A．Hw the new inventin wrks.
B．Hw a diner feel sweetness.
C．Hw ligands and prteins link.
D．Hw sugar mlecules functin.
解析：主旨大意题。通读第三段可知，此段主要介绍了Sugarware底部的凸块以及凸块的作用，即这种勺子的工作原理。
答案：A
10．In what way is the previus flavr­enhancing cutlery different frm Sugarware?
A．It makes fd mre delicius.
B．It sends ut signals t the brain.
C．It uses electricity t enhance taste.
D．It reduces users' fd cnsumptin.
解析：细节理解题。明题意：本题问“以前的调味餐具和Sugarware有什么不同？”→寻线索：根据第四段的内容，尤其是该段中的“It uses bumps and taste­bud­stimulating mlecules rather than electricity”可知，Sugarware使用凸块和刺激味蕾的分子，而以前的调味餐具使用电→定答案：由此可知，不同于Sugarware，以前的调味餐具使用电刺激味蕾。
答案：C
11．What is Pala Almeida's attitude t the future f Sugarware ?
A．Psitive. B．Uncertain.
C．Critical. D．Wrried.
解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段中Pala Almeida所说的话“It remains t be seen whether flavr­enhancing cutlery will catch n”可知，Pala Almeida认为调味餐具是否会流行起来还有待观察，即她对这种勺子的未来持不确定的观点，故选B。
答案：B
12．What's the best title fr the text?
A．Struggling fr Lw Sugar？—Try This Spn
B．Lking fr Delicius Fd？—This Is Hw
C．Wrking fr Cmmercial Success？—Be Creative
D．Dieting fr Better Health？—Mind Sweeteners
解析：主旨大题意。这篇文章主要介绍了一种新型调味勺子，可使用餐者在不摄入糖的情况下刺激甜味受体。A项“在为低糖挣扎？——试试这个勺子吧”点明文章主题，最适合作本文标题。
答案：A