【期中真题】新疆维吾尔自治区昌吉回族自治州2022-2023学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题.zip

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2022-2023学年第一学期期中质量检测
高二英语试卷
一、单句短语填空（注意适当形式10*1）
1. They find it hard to ___________the money they make.(依靠)(根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】live off
【解析】
【详解】考查动词原形。句意：他们发现靠赚的钱很难生活。it形式宾语，不定式是真正宾语，live off (依靠……过活)用动词原形形式。故填live off。
2. Ice cream especially __________children.(吸引) (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】appeals to
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：冰淇淋尤其吸引儿童。appeal to意为“吸引”，在句中充当谓语动词，根据句意可知，应用一般现在时，主语Ice cream为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填appeals to。
3. She has two years of working experience, so I think she is ___________ the job. (胜任) (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】up to##equal to
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：她有两年的工作经验，所以我认为她能胜任这份工作。根据汉语提示“胜任”可知，句中涉及固定短语“be up to…”或“be equal to…”，意为“胜任……”，故空格处应填“up to”或“equal to”。故填up to/equal to。
4. They asked him to leave,____________, he was fired.(换句话说) (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】in other words
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：他们要求他离开，换句话说，他被解雇了。根据汉语提示可知，此处应用介词短语in other words。故填in other words。
5. These rules tell us how a sentence ____________into phrases. (分解)（根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】is broken down
【解析】
【详解】考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：这些规则告诉我们一个句子是如何分解成短语的。根据“These rules tell us ”可知，此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。表示“分解”应用动词短语break down，和主语sentence构成被动关系。主语为第三人称单数。故填is broken down。
6. When you look at their new system, office seems very old fashioned___________.（相比之下）(根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】by contrast
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：你看看他们的新系统，相比之下，办公室就显得非常过时了。根据汉语提示，“相比之下”为短语by contrast，作状语。故填by contrast。
7. We must ______________ through given facts, instead of imagination. (推断)（根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】make inferences
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和情态动词用法。句意：我们必须根据已知的事实进行推断，而不能凭空想象。表示“推断”应用动词短语make inferences，在情态动词must后应用动词原形。故填make inferences。
8. The GS series _____________ four different models. (由……组成) (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】is comprised of##is made up of##consists of
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：GS系列由四种不同的型号组成。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，根据汉语提示“由……组成”可知，空格处可用固定短语“be comprised of”或“be made up of”，意为“由……组成”，句子主语为“GS series”，为可数名词单数，故“be”转换为“is”，也可用“consist of”表示“由……组成”，“consist”要用三单形式“consists”。故填is comprised of/is made up of/consists of。
9. Theory is based on practice, and____________serves practice.(相应的，转而) (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】in turn
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：理论以实践为基础，反过来又为实践服务。根据汉语提示可知短语为in turn。故填in turn。
10. There are more dangerous jobs than truck driving,____________, trading lines, training lions.（例如）(根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】for instance##for example
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：还有比卡车驾驶更危险的工作，例如，贸易线路、训练狮子。for instance/for example (例如)符合句意，用来举例说明某一论点或情况，一般只举同类人或物中的“一个”为例，作插入语（句子结构不因它而受影响），可位于句首、句中或句末；such as用于举例时，总是跟在被说明的内容之后，不能独立成句，也不能用于句首或句末，其后也不能用逗号。故填for instance/for example。
二、语法选择（10*2）
11. When you’re learning to drive, _____ a good teacher makes a big difference.
A. have B. having
C. and have D. and having
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当你学习驾驶时，有一个好老师会产生很大影响。分析句子结构，_____ a good teacher为主句主语，空处应用动名词形式作主语。故选B项。
12. —Henry doesn’t seem like the same person.
—___________ so much in the war has made him more thoughtful
A. For him to see B. His seeing C. Having seen D. To be seeing
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：——亨利看起来不像同一个人。——他在战争中见多识广，这使他更加深思熟虑。分析句子可知空格处缺少主语，不定式 与动名词都可充当主语，但 to do充当主语多表示某一具体的动作，且多表将来，排除AD；C选项常作状语，故排除；本句用动名词的复合结构one’s doing作主语符合题意。故选B。
13. ________ this report ________ in such a short time was quite a difficult exercise.
A. Getting, done B. Get, done
C. To get, to do D. Getting, to do
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在如此短的时间内完成这份报告是一项相当困难的工作。分析句子结构，was是be动词，所以空处均为非谓语动词，第一空作句子主语，应用动名词形式，即Getting，第二空中，do与被修饰词report之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作补足语，即done。故选A项。
14. It is no good ________ without understanding.
A. read B. to read C. reading D. being reading
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词。句意：没有理解的阅读没有什么益处。it is no good doing sth.是固定短语，意为“做某事是不好的”，因此空格处是动名词，作主语，故选C。
15. He is used to ________ out all the time.
A. eating B. ate C. have been eating D. eaten
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词。句意：他习惯了外出吃饭。由语意可知，此处考查固定短语be used to doing sth.，意为“习惯做某事”，此处应用动名词作宾语，故应用eating。故填选A项。
16. What ________ do you have ________ them finish their homework on time?
A. difficulty; to make B. difficulty; with making
C. difficulty; making D. difficulties; in making
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词和动名词。句意：让他们按时完成作业有什么困难吗？have difficulty (in) doing sth.是固定短语，意为“做某事有困难”，因此第二空用动名词作宾语。故选C。
17 ________ you can recover soon is the best news I've heard recently.
A. That B. What C. Whether D. When
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：你能很快康复是我最近听到的最好的消息。句子在系动词is前作主语，所以是主语从句。从句成分完整，所以应用从属连词that。故选A。
18 ________ the boy made so much progress in a short time surprised all of us.
A. What B. That C. Whether D. If
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句的引导词。句意：那个男孩在短时间内取得如此大的进步使我们都感到惊讶。“________ the boy made so much progress in a short time”是主语从句，从句中不缺成分，意思完整，因此引导词用that，故选B。
19. ________ nation uses nuclear weapons will engage the whole world in war.
A. No matter what B. No matter which C. Whichever D. Whatever
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句的引导词。句意：无论哪个国家使用核武器都会使整个世界卷入战争中。分析句子可知，________ nation uses nuclear weapons 是一个主语从句，No matter...不能引导主语从句，故排除A和B；Whatever侧重内容，而Whichever侧重范围内的选择，从句意可知是指世界上的国家，因此要用Whichever。故选C项。
20. ________ excited Jenny most was ________ she finally succeeded ________ she had failed many times.
A. That; that; what B. What; that; what
C. That; what; where D. What; that; where
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查主语、表语及状语从句用法。句意：珍妮最激动的是，她终于在多次失败的地方成功了。分析句子结构，excited Jenny most中的excited为动词，缺主语，指“……的事情”，用what；she finally succeeded....是完整句子，可用连接词that引导表语从句；she finally succeeded ________ she had failed many times.表达“她终于在多次失败的地方成功了”，此处为状语从句，引导词在从句中作地点状语，用连接副词where。故选D项。
三、阅读理解（20*2）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
A
The Origins of Famous Brands
Our lives are full of brand names and trademarked products that we use every day. Although many brand names are simple acronyms(首字母缩略词) or versions of their founders names, some of the companies we trust every day actually have fascinating and surprising back stories.
Starbucks
It seems fitting that the most famous coffee brand in the world would take its name from one of the world’s greatest works of literature. The inspiration for the name of the coffeehouse came from Herman Melville’s Moby Dick. The founders’ original idea was to name the company after the Captain Ahab’s ship, but they eventually decided that Pequot wasn’t a great name for coffee, so they chose Ahab’s first mate, Starbucks, as the name instead.
Google
Google was originally called Backrub, for it searched for links in every corner of the Web. In 1997, when the founders of the company were searching for a new name showing a huge amount of data for their rapidly improving search technology, a friend suggested the word “googol”. When a friend tried to register the new domain (域) name, he misspelled “googol” as “google”.
Nike
Originally founded as a distributor for Japanese running shoes, the company was originally named BRS, or Blue Ribbon Sports. In 1971, BRS introduced its own soccer shoe, a model called Nike, which is also the name for the Greek goddess of victory. In 1978, the company officially renamed itself as Nike, Inc.
The right name is essential to a company’s success, and a great origin story is just as important as a great product. An attractive origin story is one more thing that keeps customers guessing, wondering, and buying its products.
21. What is the name of the Captain Ahab’s ship?
A. Moby Dick. B. Starbucks.
C. Pequot. D. Herman Melville.
22. Why did the founders of the Google want to change its name?
A. They mistook their name.
B. They wanted new customers.
C. The company’s original name was too long.
D. The company’s search technology was improving rapidly.
23. Where does the importance of the origin story of one company lie in?
A. It can change the company’s image.
B. It can add myth to the company.
C. It explains the development of the company to customers.
D. It makes customers imagine and purchase its goods.
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. D
【解析】
【分析】本文为说明文。文中介绍了星巴克、谷歌和耐克品牌名字的由来，并说明品牌名字的重要性。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Starbucks部分的中间The founders’ original idea was to name the company after the Captain Ahab’s ship, but they eventually decided that Pequot wasn’t a great name for coffee, so they chose Ahab’s first mate, Starbucks, as the name instead.(创始人最初的是想以船长Ahab的船的名字来命名公司。但他们最终认定(船的名字)佩特不是咖啡的好名字，所以他们选择了亚哈的大副星巴克，作为名字。)由此可知，这艘船的名字叫Pequot，故选C项。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Google”部分中的内容when the founders of the company were searching for a new name showing a huge amount of data for their rapidly improving search technology(当该公司的创始人正在寻找一个新名字，来表示他们搜索引擎技术的快速发展。)由此可推断出，改名是因为公司的搜索引擎技术的快速发展，故选D项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“恰当的名字对于一个公司的成功是至关重要的，一个伟大故事的起源和一个伟大的产品一样重要。一个吸引人的故事起源是一个让顾客猜测、疑惑和购买公司产品的东西。”可知，D项表述符合文意，故选D项。
B
A 24-year-old female space commander has become a viral sensation on Chinese social media for her work.
Zhou Chengyu was in charge of the rocket connector system---described as a vital role. Her story in particular has drawn the public’s attention given her young age. Social media users have been celebrating her brilliance and referring to her as pride of the country.
Being the youngest of the team, Zhou Chengyu was born in 1996 in the province of Guizhou. She is certainly not “old” enough compared with her colleagues, but she is known at work as "Big Sister” as a sign of respect. Once in a 3-km running contest, she actually beat half of her male counterparts. Although work shifts are not uncommon at the Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site, each shift requires tremendous courage because of the different background knowledge. However, for Zhou Chengyu, she experienced multiple positions in 5 launching tests and now she is the youngest commander at the site.
Despite carefulness and high responsibility at work, she is just like her peers in normal life. Eating snacks and shopping are her favorite free-time activities. Her high school teacher remembers her as tough and determined. “She always had a dream of becoming scientist,” said her physics teacher.
According to her colleague, Zhou Chengyu was very surprised when she found out she went viral online. She said that she was happy when she saw people online regarding her as the pride of the country, and yet she kept saying that she was “nobody but normal worker at a launch site” and there are a lot more people just like her going unnoticed while doing the hardest job to guarantee a better future for the Chinese space program. She also said that she wished to remain her current status and continue doing her work with or without the popularity.
24. What makes Zhou Chengyu the pride of the country?
A. Her young age. B. Her vital role in her work.
C. Her great courage. D. Her responsibility at work.
25. Which of the following words can best describe Zhou Chengyu?
A. Learned and confident. B. Respectable and generous.
C. Patient and responsible. D. Modest and determined.
26. Which of the following can replace the underlined words in paragraph 5?
A. took pride B. made a contribution
C. became a hit D. made an achievement
27. What can be the best title for the text?
A. A Young Pride B. A Successful Colleague
C. An Extraordinary Dream D. An Ambitious Commander
【答案】24. B 25. D 26. C 27. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一名24岁的女太空指挥官因其出色的工作在中国社交媒体上走红的故事。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段的 “Zhou Chengyu was in charge of the rocket connector system-described as a vital role. Her story in particular has drawn the public’s attention given her young age. (周承钰负责的火箭连接系统被描述为一个至关重要的角色。考虑到她还很年轻，她的故事尤其吸引了公众的注意)可知，周承钰成为国家的骄傲是因为她是最年轻的负责火箭连接系统的指挥官，担任着重要角色。故选B项。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段的“Her high school teacher remembers her as tough and determined. “She always had a dream of becoming scientist,” said her physics teacher. (在她的高中老师的印象中，她是一个坚强而坚定的人。“她一直梦想成为一名科学家，”她的物理老师说)”可知，周承钰是一个非常坚定的人，再根据最后一段她对自己评价的内容“and yet she kept saying that she was “nobody but normal worker at a launch site”（但她一直说自己“只是发射场的普通工人”）”可知，周承钰是一个非常谦虚的人。综上，周承钰是一个坚定且谦虚的人。故选D项。
【26题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段的“She also said that she wished to remain her current status and continue doing her work with or without the popularity.（她还说，她希望保持目前的位置，继续做她的工作，无论是否受欢迎）”可知，周承钰在网络上受到了大家的欢迎。由此可知，划线词所在句子“According to her colleague, Zhou Chengyu was very surprised when she found out she went viral online.”意为：据她的同事说，当周承钰发现自己在网上走红时，她感到非常惊讶。即划线词意为“走红”，与became a hit同义。故选C。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段的“Social media users have been celebrating her brilliance and referring to her as pride of the country. (社交媒体用户一直在颂扬她的才华，称她为整个国家的骄傲)”以及全文都在叙述有关她是祖国骄傲的事迹，可知A选项“年轻的骄傲”最适合作本文标题，故选A项。
C
Ever wondered if dogs can learn new words? Yes, say researchers as they have found that talented dogs may have the ability to grasp new words after hearing them only four times.
While previous evidence seems to show that most dogs do not learn words, unless eventually very well trained, a few individuals have shown some extraordinary abilities, according to a study published in the journal Scientific Reports.
“We wanted to know under which conditions the gifted dogs may learn novel words,” said researcher xuekw Claudia Fugazza from the Eötvös Loránd University in Hungary. For the study, the team involved two gifted dogs, Whisky and Vicky Nina. The team exposed the dogs to the new words in two different conditions.
In the exclusion-based task, presented with seven known toys and one new toy, the dogs were able to select the new toy when presented with a new name. Researchers say this proves that dogs can choose by exclusion when faced with a new word, they selected the only toy which did not have a known name.
However, this was not the way they would learn the name of the toy. In fact, when they were presented with one more equally new name to test their ability to recognize the toy by its name, the dogs got totally confused and failed.
The other condition, the social one, where the dogs played with their owners who pronounced the name of the toy while playing with the dog, proved to be the successful way to learn the name of the toy, even after hearing it only 4 times. “The rapid learning that we observed seems to equal children’s ability to learn many new words at a fast rate around the age of 18 months,” Fugazza says. “But we do not know whether the learning mechanisms(机制) behind this learning are the same for humans and dogs. ”
To test whether most dogs would learn words this way, 20 other dogs were tested in the same condition, but none of them showed any evidence of learning the toy names, confirming that the ability to learn words rapidly in the absence of formal training is very rare and is only present in a few gifted dogs.
28. What was the purpose of the study published in Scientific Reports?
A. To better train dogs’ ability to learn new words.
B. To further confirm previous evidence about dogs.
C. To prove extraordinary memory abilities of gifted dogs.
D. To explore favorable conditions for gifted dogs’ new-word learning.
29. How did the dogs react when exposed to two new names in the first condition?
A. Slow to understand. B. Quick to learn. C. At a loss. D. In a panic.
30. What was found about dogs’ new-word learning in the social condition?
A. Learning through playing applied to most dogs.
B. The social condition helped dogs learn new words.
C. Dogs’ new-word learning turned out to be less effective.
D. Dogs shared similar learning mechanisms with children.
31. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. Gifted Dogs Can Learn New Words Rapidly.
B. Dogs Identify Newly-named Toys by Exclusion.
C. Dogs Can Acquire Vocabulary through Tons of Training.
D. Gifted Dogs Have Similar Learning Abilities to Humans.
【答案】28. D 29. C 30. B 31. A
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了狗狗通过训练能够学习新的单词。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“ ‘We wanted to know under which conditions the gifted dogs may learn novel words,’said researcher xuekw Claudia Fugazza from the Eötvös Loránd University in Hungary.”（匈牙利Eötvös Loránd大学的研究员Claudia Fugazza说:“我们想知道这些有天赋的狗在什么情况下可以学习新单词。）可知研究的目的是想探索出狗在什么情况下可以学习新单词。故选D。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“In fact, when they were presented with one more equally new name to test their ability to recognize the toy by its name, the dogs got totally confused and failed.”（事实上，当给它们一个同样的新名字来测试它们通过名字识别玩具的能力时，狗完全困惑了，并失败了。）可知，在第一种环境下狗非常的困惑。故选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The other condition, the social one, where the dogs played with their owners who pronounced the name of the toy while playing with the dog, proved to be the successful way to learn the name of the toy, even after hearing it only 4 times.”（另一种情况是社会性的，在这种情况下，狗狗和它们的主人一起玩耍，主人在和狗狗玩耍的同时念出了玩具的名字。结果证明，即使只听了4次，狗狗也能成功地记住玩具的名字。）可推出，在社会性条件下可以帮助狗狗学习新的单词。故选B。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Ever wondered if dogs can learn new words? Yes, say researchers as they have found that talented dogs may have the ability to grasp new words after hearing them only four times.”（想知道狗狗能不能学会新单词吗?是的，研究人员称，因为他们发现，聪明的狗狗可能只听四次就能掌握新单词。）以及文章中的案例，可知本篇文章主要讲述的是有天赋的狗能快速学习新单词。故选A。
D
The World Wildlife Fund (WWF) says more than half of the world’s wildlife population has been lost, which the conservation group says has placed the health of the planet at risk.
The WWF recently released its 10th Flagship Living Planet Report. The group warns the condition of the world's animals is worse than its earlier reports showed, indicating worldwide action is needed.
The WWF is worried about the loss of and damage to Earth’s environment. The report provides information about more than 10,000 animal populations from 1970 to 2010. These populations are called “vertebrate species,” or animals with backbones — like fish, birds, mammals, amphibians and reptiles. The report shows these populations have dropped by 52 percent in just 40 years. It warns freshwater species have fallen by 76 percent, which is almost twice the loss of land and ocean species. Most of these losses are in the tropics, with the biggest drop in Latin America.
Marco Lambertini, the WWF’s International Director-General said, “This is about losing natural habitats. This is about converting forests, grasslands, and wetlands into agriculture mainly, and it is about unsustainable use of wildlife. Illegal hunting has been actually increasing over the last 10 years, which definitely a driving force for extinction, particularly of large species.”
The report also notes what it calls the world’s “Ecological Footprint”, that is, the effect of human activities on the planet. Mr. Lambertini says there has been an increase in carbon dioxide gases and the pouring of nitrogen into oceans and rivers from fertilizers used in agriculture, which certainly cannot continue.
“We are consuming on average every year about the equivalent of about 1.5, one and a half times the resources available to the planet. That means we are cutting trees more quickly than they can be restored. We are fishing the oceans more quickly than fishing stocks can reproduce, and we are emitting in the atmosphere more CO2 than the natural systems can actually absorb, which is clearly not sustainable.”
Mr. Lambertini warns climate change affects almost everyone on the planet and that whole species may disappear if the world does not reduce the effects of humans on the climate.
32. According to the passage, what kind of species faces the biggest drop in population?
A. Land and ocean species.
B. Animals with backbones.
C. Freshwater species in Latin America.
D. Freshwater species in the tropics.
33. All the following can contribute to the loss of world’s wildlife population EXCEPT ________.
A. turning wildlife habitats into agriculture land.
B. making sustainable use of wildlife.
C. hunting illegally.
D. emitting CO2 gases and pouring nitrogen.
34. Which does the underlined word “converting” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Conserving. B. Conveying.
C. Exchanging. D. Transforming.
35. It can be inferred from the passage that _______.
A. Marco is much concerned about human’s current behaviors towards wildlife.
B. what the planet provides now can satisfy human’s sustainable development.
C. more than half of the world’s wildlife population has been lost.
D. if humans reduce the effects on the climate, the whole species will not disappear.
【答案】32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。短文主要讲的是人类活动给地球和野生动物所带来的威胁。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“It warns freshwater species have fallen by 76 percent, which is almost twice the loss of land and ocean species. Most of these losses are in the tropics, with the biggest drop in Latin America.”（该组织警告称，淡水物种数量减少了76%，几乎是陆地和海洋物种数量的两倍。这些损失大部分发生在热带地区，拉丁美洲的损失最大。）可知，拉丁美洲的淡水物种减少的数量最多，故选C。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“This is about converting forests, grasslands, and wetlands into agriculture mainly, and it is about unsustainable use of wildlife. Illegal hunting has been actually increasing over the last 10 years, which definitely a driving force for extinction, particularly of large species.”（这主要是关于将森林、草原和湿地转变为农业，以及不可持续地利用野生动物。在过去的十年里，非法狩猎实际上越来越多，这无疑是导致物种灭绝的一个因素，尤其是大型物种）和第五段“Mr. Lambertini says there has been an increase in carbon dioxide gases and the pouring of nitrogen into oceans and rivers from fertilizers used in agriculture, which certainly cannot continue.”（兰博蒂尼先生说，由于农业肥料的使用，二氧化碳气体和氮排放到海洋和河流中增加，这肯定不能继续下去。）可知，只有可持续利用野生动物不会导致物种的减少，故选B。
【34题详解】
词义推断题。根据“This is about losing natural habitats. This is about converting forests, grasslands, and wetlands into agriculture ”（这是关于失去自然栖息地。这是关于将森林、草原和湿地转化为农业）得知，将自然栖息地如森林、草地和湿地变成农业用地，故可推断convert表示“变成”，故选D。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Marco Lambertini, the WWF’s International Director-General said, “This is about losing natural habitats…”（世界自然基金会国际总干事马可·兰博蒂尼说，这是关于失去自然栖息地的问题。）可知，Marco目前关注的是人类对野生动物的行为，故选A。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Delton Myers is a Grade 5 student. He published a book about childhood depression (抑郁) called “The Invisible Injury”. A person who is depressed is extremely sad and doesn’t know how to stop the sadness.
“I want to talk about children’s feelings,” Delton said. “Sometimes kids show off in class, but there may be an unknown reason. ____36____ They need someone to talk to, but they don’t know how. During family tragedies (悲剧) or hard times, parents often tell kids to be quiet about them.” He added, “We need to let kids know it’s OK to talk about their feelings and that they can get help.”
____37____ Peggie meets many of life’s challenges that kids and adults face. Peggie, 8 years old, finds a healthy way to express her feelings and deal with her problems.
____38____ Delton’s mom, Deidre, said when he wrote about Peggie’s feelings in the book, he was also writing about himself. “Delton and I talk a lot,” she said. “____39____. For example, during family tragedies, most parents tell kids not to tell others. Kids always do so.” She said her son’s book sent a strong message for parents and kids. Now, the book is on sale on Amazon, for $10.99.
One character in the book, C. Howard, is based on Delton’s doctor, Christalyn Howard. She will accompany (陪伴) Delton on his book tour, which will start next month. ____40____ She offers to talk with parents and children about the signs of depression in children during media interviews.
A. Delton based the book on his own life.
B. Kids don’t know about getting help from others.
C. The book focuses on a young pig named Peggie.
D. There are many different kinds of family tragedies.
E. He had experienced family tragedies one after one.
F. She will also accompany him during media interviews.
G. They are acting out because something else is going on.
【答案】36. G 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. F
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。五年级学生 Delton Myers 创作并出版了一本关于儿童抑郁的书，希望能帮助受此困扰的孩子。
【详解】1.根据上文“Sometimes kids show off in class，but there may be an unknown reason.”（有时候孩子们会在课堂上炫耀，但是可能有未知的原因。）谈论了孩子们在课堂上炫耀是有一些原因的。下文“They need someone to talk to, but they don’t know how. ”（他们需要找个人谈谈，但他们不知道怎么谈。）讲述了孩子们炫耀的目的。由此可知，空白处可以论述，他们在课堂上炫耀自己只是在表演，因为有一些（不好的）事情正在发生。选项G与文意相符，故选G。
2.根据下文“Peggie meets many of life’s challenges that kids and adults face.”（佩吉遇到了许多孩子和成年人面临的生活挑战。）讲述了发生在佩吉身上的事。所以可知空白处应该是引出佩吉这个角色。选项C.“The book focuses on a young pig named Peggie.”（这本书是关于一只名叫佩吉的小猪的）引出了下文提到的佩吉，符合题意，故选C。
3.根据下文“Delton’s mom, Deidre, said when he wrote about Peggie’s feelings in the book, he was also writing about himself. ”（DeltonMyers 的母亲 Deidre说，Delton Myers在书中写佩吉的感受，也是在写他自己。）可知，Delton Myers 写的书中的角色有着和他一样的经历。选项A.“Delton based the book on his own life.”（Delton的这本书是以自己的生活为基础写的。）符合题意，故选A。
4.根据下文“For example, during family tragedies，most parents tell kids not to tell others. Kids always do so.”（比如，在家庭悲剧期间，大多数父母告诉孩子不要告诉其他人，孩子们总是这么做。）可知，孩子按照父母的要求不对别人说家庭里的悲剧，而实际上孩子们通过讲出来是可以寻求帮助，同时抑郁可以治疗。所以空白处的内容应承接上文，讲述这样带来的结果是孩子们不知道向别人寻求帮助。选项B. “Kids don’t know about getting help from others.”（孩子们不知道向别人寻求帮助）符合题意，故选B。
5.根据前文“She will accompany (陪伴) Delton on his book tour, which will start next month.”（她将陪同 Delton 巡回签售，下个月开始。）下文“She offers to talk with parents and children about the signs of depression in children during media interviews.”（她会在媒体采访中与父母和孩子谈论孩子抑郁的迹象。）可推知，空白处的内容为她还将陪同他出席媒体采访，都是讲述了她接下来的安排。选项F符合题意，故选F。
四．完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I needed to use the spigot (龙头) next to my boat. So I knocked at the houseboat (游艇) next door. Shortly, a(n) ____41____ man opened the door. He came out and shouted at me. He ordered me not to use his spigot. I tried to ____42____ that I just needed some water. But he just ____43____ me.
I needed water, ____44____ I didn’t want a war. He was ____45____to listen to me, so nobody helped me find a solution. What should I do? ____46____, I came up with an idea. I went to the store and bought some ____47____. Then I drove back to the houseboat and knocked on the door again.
The man ____48____ the door and was to continue ____49____ at me when he saw the flowers. He opened his mouth, but said nothing.
“I’m here to say sorry for making you _____50_____. That’s why I’ve _____51_____ you this peace offering,” I smiled. “I wonder if there is a _____52_____ that works for both of us.” His _____53_____ changed, and he explained the nature of his problem. After a few minutes, we became friends, and I finally managed to _____54_____ a solution.
To _____55_____ the anger of others, you need to think for them, so that you can get the chance to get a win-win result.
41. A. gentle B. happy C. clever D. angry
42. A. pretend B. explain C. ask D. lie
43. A. beat B. refused C. comforted D. watched
44. A. but B. or C. since D. before
45. A. unlucky B. shy C. unwilling D. polite
46. A. Surprisingly B. Usually C. Finally D. Hopelessly
47. A. flowers B. toys C. clothes D. bags
48. A. closed B. broke C. fixed D. answered
49. A. shouting B. pointing C. looking D. laughing
50. A. sleepy B. sad C. tired D. unhappy
51. A. brought B. taught C. sold D. posted
52. A. disagreement B. question C. solution D. rule
53. A. wish B. attitude C. appearance D. direction
54. A. mark B. cut C. watch D. find
55. A. agree with B. lead to C. deal with D. refer to
【答案】41. D 42. B 43. B 44. A 45. C 46. C 47. A 48. D 49. A 50. D 51. A 52. C 53. B 54. D 55. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章中作者通过自己的经历告诉我们如何应对别人的愤怒以缓解矛盾。
【41题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不久，一个愤怒的人打开了门。A. gentle温柔的；B. happy快乐的；C. clever聪明的；D. angry生气的。由下文的“shouted at me. He ordered me not to use his spigot”可知，这个男人对“我”喊，还“命令”“我”不许用他的水龙头；由此可推知，他很生气。故选D项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我努力解释我只是需要一些水。A. pretend假装；B. explain解释；C. ask问；D. lie撒谎。由下文的“I just needed some water”可知，这是“我”向他解释“我”只需要一些水。故选B项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他拒绝了我。A. beat击败；B. refused拒绝；C. comforted安慰；D. watched看。由上文的“He ordered me not to use his spigot.”可知，这个男人拒绝了“我”的请求。故选B项。
【44题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我需要水，但我不想要吵架。A. but但是；B. or否则；C. since自从；D. before之前。由上下文语境可知，“我”需要水，和“我”又不想吵架（因为这个男人不让我用他的水龙头）是转折关系，用表转折的并列连词but。故选A项。
【45题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他不愿意听我的，所以没有人帮我找到解决办法。A. unlucky不幸的；B. shy害羞的；C. unwilling不愿意的；D. polite礼貌的。由上文语境可知，这个男人不愿意听“我”解释，拒绝了“我”。故选C项。
【46题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，我想出了一个主意。A. Surprisingly惊人地；B. Usually通常地；C. Finally最后地；D. Hopelessly绝望地。由上文的“He was ____5____to listen to me, so nobody helped me find a solution. What should I do?”和下文的“I came up with an idea. I went to the store and bought some ____7____.”可知，“我”不知道该怎么办，这个男人又不听“我”解释，所以没有人能帮我找一个解决办法，再根据下文“我”去商店买东西再回来敲门的行动可知，最后，“我”想出了个主意。故选C项。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我去商店买了一些花。A. flowers花朵；B. toys玩具；C. clothes衣服；D. bags书包。由下文的“he saw the flowers”可知，“我”买了花送给这个男人。故选A项。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那人应门而来，当他看到那些花时，他正准备继续对我大喊大叫。A. closed关闭；B. broke打破；C. fixed修理；D. answered回答，应门。由上文的“Then I drove back to the houseboat and knocked on the door again.”和下文他看见了花并跟“我”对话的情节可知，他回应了“我”的敲门，开了门。故选D项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那人应门而来，当他看到那些花时，他正准备继续对我大喊大叫。A. shouting大喊大叫；B. pointing指出；C. looking看；D. laughing发笑。由上文的“He came out and shouted at me.”和continue一词提示可知，他正要（像上次一样）继续对“我”大喊大叫。故选A项。
【50题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我是来为让你不开心而道歉的。这就是为什么我给你带来了这份和平礼物，”我笑着说。A. sleepy瞌睡的；B. sad悲伤的；C. tired疲倦的；D. unhappy不快乐的。由上文的“He came out and shouted at me.”和“I’m here to say sorry”可知，上次的行为让这个男人很生气，“我”特地来向这个男人道歉，因为“我”使他不高兴了。故选D项。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我是来为让你不开心而道歉的。这就是为什么我给你带来了这份和平礼物，”我笑着说。A. brought带来；B. taught教；C. sold卖；D. posted寄。由上文语境可知，“我”是来道歉的，除了口头道歉，“我”还带来了和平的礼物（花）。故选A项。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想知道是否有一个对我们双方都有效的解决方案。A. disagreement不同意；B. question问题；C. solution解决方法；D. rule规则。由上文的“a solution”和下文的“that works for both of us”可知，“我”跟这个男人商量，寻找解决办法。故选C项。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的态度改变了，他解释了问题的本质。A. wish愿望；B. attitude态度；C. appearance外貌；D. direction方向。由下文的“he explained the nature of his problem. After a few minutes, we became friends”可知，这个男人的态度平静下来，几分钟之后，“我”们成了朋友；这与之前他拒绝“我”的请求并冲“我”大喊的态度截然不同，即“他的态度变了”。故选B项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，我们成了朋友，我终于找到了解决办法。A. mark做记号；B. cut切；C. watch看；D. find找到。由本处语境可知，二人关系缓和之后，“我”终于找到了解决办法。故选D项。
【55题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了应对他人的愤怒，你需要为他们着想，这样你才有机会获得双赢的结果。A. agree with与某人（某观点）一致；B. lead to导致；C. deal with应对；D. refer to涉及。由上文语境可知，文章最后一段是“我”在这次经历之后的感悟。根据故事情节可推知，要对付别人的愤怒，你要为对方着想，这样才能有机会改变对方的行为（文中那个男人态度的改变）进而获得“双赢”的结果（第四段“that works for both of us”）。故选C项。
五、汉译英（20*1）
汉译英
56. 连续猛击（n,v）
57. 采用（n）
58. 自行车(n,v)
59. 游荡(n,v)
60. 壮丽的，雄伟的(adj)
61. 娱乐(n)
62. 赞成(v)
63. 使用，雇佣(v)
64. 较喜欢，选择，有利于(n,v)
65. 冲突(v)
【答案】56. buffet
57. adoption
58. cycle 59. wander
60. splendid
61. entertainment
62. approve
63. employ 64. favour
65. conflict
【解析】
【56题详解】
“连续猛击”，名词或动词，其英文表达为buffet。故填buffet。
【57题详解】
“采用”，名词，其英文表达为adoption。故填adoption。
【58题详解】
“自行车”，名词或动词，其英文表达为cycle。故填cycle。
【59题详解】
“游荡”，名词或动词，其英文表达为wander。故填wander。
【60题详解】
“壮丽的，雄伟的”，形容词，其英文表达为splendid。故填splendid。
【61题详解】
“娱乐”，名词，其英文表达为entertainment。故填entertainment。
【62题详解】
“赞成”，动词，其英文表达为approve。故填approve。
【63题详解】
“使用，雇佣”，动词，其英文表达为employ。故填employ。
【64题详解】
“较喜欢，选择，有利于”，名词或动词，其英文表达为favour。故填favour。
【65题详解】
“冲突”，动词，其英文表达为conflict。故填conflict。
汉译英
66. 占据(v)
67. 焦虑（n）
68. 矛盾（n）
69. 危机（n）
70. 短缺（n）
71. 战胜（V）
72. 估算（V）
73. 名望，名誉（n）
74. 普遍（adj）
75. 极其重要的（adj）
【答案】66. occupy
67. anxiety
68. conflict
69. crisis 70. shortage
71. defeat 72. estimate
73 celebrity
74. widespread
75. essential
【解析】
【66题详解】
“占据”动词形式为occupy，故填occupy。
【67题详解】
“焦虑”名词形式为anxiety，故填anxiety。
【68题详解】
“矛盾”名词形式为conflict，故填conflict。
【69题详解】
“危机”名词形式为crisis，故填crisis。
【70题详解】
“短缺”名词形式为shortage，故填shortage。
【71题详解】
“战胜”动词形式为defeat，故填defeat。
【72题详解】
“估算”动词形式为estimate，故填estimate。
【73题详解】
“名望，名誉”名词形式为celebrity，故填celebrity。
【74题详解】
“普遍的”形容词形式为widespread，故填widespread。
【75题详解】
“极其重要的”形容词形式为essential，故填essential。
六写作
76. 假设你是李华，下面是你的笔友Jenny给你发来的一封邮件。
Dear Li Hua,
How are you? A new law has been passed in my city. Smoking is banned in public places. I think it is a wise decision. Do you think so?
Best wishes,
Jenny
请根据邮件内容给她回复，要点如下：
1. 表明你的观点；
2. 给出理由（至少两点）；
3. 得出结论。
注意：1. 词数100左右（开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数）；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jenny,
I’m happy to receive your email.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jenny,
I’m happy to receive your email. I strongly support the government’s decision to ban smoking in public.
Smoking is a bad habit and very harmful to people’s health. It makes it easier for smokers to get various diseases. At the same time, secondhand smoke can also badly affect other people’s health, especially babies’. Cigarette smoke can pollute the air inside a building and stay there for a long time, which stops people from breathing freely. What’s more, smoking can cause a fire, which can result in great loss.
In a word, we should avoid smoking in public and create a green environment together.
Best wishes,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给你的笔友Jenny回复邮件，就她的城市通过了一项新的法律——公共场所禁止吸烟发表自己的观点。
【详解】1.词汇积累
对……有害：be harmful to→do harm to
同时：At the same time→Meanwhile
导致：result in→lead to
总之：In a word→In short/In general
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I strongly support the government’s decision to ban smoking in public.
拓展句：I strongly support the government’s decision that smoking is banned in public.
【点睛】[高分句型1] It makes it easier for smokers to get various diseases.(运用了it作形式主语)
[高分句型2] What’s more, smoking can cause a fire, which can result in great loss.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)