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专题06 阅读理解之说明文
（2022秋·广东深圳·八年级深圳市南山外国语学校（集团）高新中学校联考期中）
① The Internet is a place where we can talk freely, but it is also a place where we pay litle attention to whether or not our language ability is becoming poorer.
② According to a recent survey by China Youth Daily, more than 76 percent of young people in China said they felt their Chinese language skills have declined. They don’t use complex rhetorical technique(修辞手法) as often anymore. It is believed that digital technology and Internet emojis have changed their communication habits.
③ For example, direct expression is a preferred way to communicate online. When one sees something funny, one will simply type “hahaha” or use the “cry-laugh”emoji, Beijing Youth Daily noted. What’s more, Cai Xiaoxia’s teacher from Fuzhou, told China Youth Daily that words in general are being used less. For example, people can share photos and emojis online with little need for words to describe them.
④Also, “copy and paste” culture is getting popular. People simply pick up expressions from the internet without much thought. Many begin to use a fixed set of sentence patterns, such as “….yyds”.
⑤If this continues, it could influence our way of thinking, Peoples Daily noted. When we use expressions without thinking, it means we have become too lazy to express our real feelings. If teenagers are used to using emojis, they could lose the ability to use words properly.
⑥ To improve our language skills, experts suggest that we should try to think independently and develop our own language. They also suggest that we should read more works of literature(文学).  “Keep using different words to show your special feelings.” said Shen Xiaolong, a professor in the Chinese department at Fudan University.
1．Which information is NOT true according to China Youth Daily’s survey?
A．Over three quarters of young Chinese people think their language skills have become stronger.
B．Young Chinese people don’t use complex rhetorical technique as often anymore.
C．Digital technology and Internet emojis have changed young Chinese people’s communication habits.
D．Young Chinese people don’t need to use words to describe photos they showed.
2．The underlined word “declined” means ________ in Chinese.
A．下降 B．上升 C．选择 D．增强
3．Paragraph 3 and 4 mainly tell us ________.
A．what people’s new communication habits are
B．which phrases are the most popular on the internet
C．why young people like using emojis
D．where young people learn new expressions
4．If people are used to direct expressions and emojis, people could become ________.
A．good at thinking creatively B．unable to use words properly
C．less interested in taking with others D．more active to express their real feelings
5．If we divide the passage into four parts the answer should be ________.
A．①②③/④/⑤/⑥ B．①/②③/④/⑤⑥
C．①/②③④/⑤/⑥ D．①/②/③/④⑤⑥
【答案】1．A 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．C
【导语】本文讲述电子技术和网络表情包改变了人们的沟通交流习惯，人们的语言技能减弱了。为了改进人们的语言技能，专家建议读者试着独立思考，发展我们的语言逻辑，还建议应该多阅读文学作品。
1．细节理解题。根据“According to a recent survey by China Youth Daily, more than 76 percent of young people in China said they felt their Chinese language skills have declined”可知有超过76%的青年人说他们的中文技能下降了。故选A。
2．词义猜测题。根据“They don’t use complex rhetorical technique(修辞手法) as often anymore.”可知，不再经常使用复杂的修辞技巧，也就是语言技能有所下降，划线单词表示“下降”。故选A。
3．段落大意题。根据第三段“For example, direct expression is a preferred way to communicate online.”及第四段“copy and paste’ culture is getting popular. People simply pick up expressions from the internet without much thought.”可知第三段和第四段主要讲述人们的新的沟通习惯。故选A。
4．细节理解题。根据“When we use expressions without thinking, it means we have become too lazy to express our real feelings. If teenagers are used to using emojis, they could lose the ability to use words properly.”可知不思考就使用表情，我们会变得很懒不去表达我们真实的感情，如果习惯使用随意的表达，比如表情包，我们会失去恰当地使用词汇的能力。故选B。
5．篇章结构题。第一段引出主题，网络对人们共同方式的影响；第二、三、四段介绍人们新的交流方式；第五段提出作者的担忧；第六段提出提高语言能力的建议。故选C。
（2022秋·广东汕头·八年级汕头市龙湖实验中学校考期中）
Brighton, a famous holiday town next to the sea in Sussex, on the southeast coast of England, is only 50 minutes on a fast train from London. The town usually has about 134,000 citizens(市民), but it gets a lot of tourists all year round.
A long time ago Brighton was a quiet fishing town. Later on, when swimming in the sea became popular, many rich and important people, as well as musicians and writers began to arrive and Brighton became a popular seaside holiday town.   
Prince George, the future King George IV, first visited Brighton in 1783. He liked it and used to spend part of the summer there because of his health. He asked John Nash, a very famous builder, to build him a palace. It took about 40 years to build the palace and it cost 500, 000 pounds! Now more than 400, 000 tourists visit Brighton and the palace—the Royal Pavilion—every year.
The Royal Pavilion, with its beautiful rooms and museums, is not the only interesting thing in Brighton. In May, this friendly and colourful town holds an international festival with many different kinds of music, dance and theatre.
6．Brighton used to be ________ a long time ago.
A．a holiday town B．a festival town
C．an important town D．a fishing town
7．Brighton became popular because ________.
A．people liked to go swimming there B．the king lived there sometimes
C．there were many writers there D．an important museum was there
8．King George IV liked to spend the summer in Brighton because ________.
A．he wanted to catch fish B．he did not like London
C．he was not very healthy D．he was fond of paintings
9．The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refers to ________ in the passage.
A．King George IV B．the palace C．Brighton D．the builder
10．Which of the following sentences best describes Brighton today?
A．It is only busy during the international festival.
B．Rich and important people must go there.
C．There are many amazing activities for tourists.
D．It is no longer as popular as it was some years ago.
【答案】6．D 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了苏塞克斯海边著名的度假小镇——布莱顿。
6．细节理解题。根据第二段“A long time ago Brighton was a quiet fishing town.”可知，Brighton是一座渔镇。故选D。
7．细节理解题。根据第二段“Later on, when swimming in the sea became popular, …became a popular seaside holiday town.”，可知这座小镇受欢迎的原因是海中游泳变得流行，很多人来到这里。故选A。
8．细节理解题。根据第三段“He liked it and used to spend part of the summer there because of his health.”可知King George IV因为健康原因在那儿度过一部分夏天。故选C。
9．词义猜测题。根据第三段“It took about 40 years to build the palace ”可知，it指代“the palace”，故选B。
10．判断推理题。根据最后一句“In May, this friendly and colourful town holds an international festival with many different kinds of music, dance and theatre.”可知，如今在布莱顿有许多令人惊奇的活动供游客参加，故选C。
（2022秋·广东深圳·八年级校联考期中）
People pay close attention to 5G these years. So, what is 5G? The “G” stands for the generation of your mobile network. 5G is the 5th generation mobile networks and it’s a hundred times faster than 4G.
The first 5G video call was made on a Huawei Mate X smartphone on March 30, 2019. Shanghai has also become the first city in China to start testing 5G networks. Monaco became the first country in Europe to use a next-generation 5G mobile phone network based on technology from Chinese company Huawei.
It sounds obvious, but it’s important to understand just how much faster 5G is compared to current 4G speeds. 5G will not only be many, many times faster than your existing connection, and it will be greatly faster than the broadband connection you have at home.
Now, 4G takes about 100 to 200 milliseconds to send and receive data. But 5G will get it down to 1 millisecond or less. This big change will not only make our mobile Internet faster. It can be used in many other ways as well.
For example, 5G will help make self-driving cars safer. Today’s self-driving test cars have one problem-lag. When the car “sees” an obstacle (障碍), it sends this information to a data centre and receives instructions. However, it takes time to send and receive this information. With this kind of lag, the cars might crash because they don’t receive instructions in time. With 5G, this lag will be greatly lowered, making the cars safer, according to CNN. 5G could also be used to power the Internet of Things (IOT). This refers to a large online network that connects all things and people. Fast Internet speeds will be the key to developing this technology. For example, with IOT under 5G, your fridge could automatically (自动地) place an order online for eggs when it finds that there are no eggs left inside.
All in all, 5G will shape every type of technology that it touches. And you won’t have to wait too long for that to happen. Though we’ve seen a lot of positive progress just in the last year, we still have a long way to go before 5G is anywhere near as common as 4G is right now.
11．Which city first tested 5G?
A．Beijing. B．Guangzhou. C．Shenzhen. D．Shanghai.
12．What can we learn about from Paragraph 2?
A．5G is widely used in Shanghai. B．It took lots of eforts to test 5G.
C．China and Monaco is working on its 5G networks. D．5G would make it possible to take videos.
13．What does the underlined word “lag” probably mean?
A．延迟 B．迷路 C．暂停 D．耗电
14．Why does the writer mention the fridge?
A．To describe the importance of IOT. B．To encourage people to try the new product.
C．To introduce how to use the Internet of Things. D．To show 5G would make IOT more powerful.
15．Which might be the best title of the passage?
A．Can 5G go far? B．How is 5G changing our life?
C．5G is on the way D．China is leading the world in 5G
【答案】11．D 12．C 13．A 14．D 15．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了5G在国内的试点。
11．细节理解题。根据“Shanghai has also become the first city in China to start testing 5G networks.”可知，上海是中国第一个开始测试5G网络的城市。故选D。
12．推理判断题。根据“Shanghai has also become the first city in China to start testing 5G networks. Monaco became the first country in Europe to use a next-generation 5G mobile phone network based on technology from Chinese company Huawei.”可知，该段介绍了上海上海是中国第一个开始测试5G网络的城市，摩纳哥成为欧洲第一个使用基于中国公司华为技术的下一代5G移动电话网络的国家。故选C。
13．词句猜测题。根据“However, it takes time to send and receive this information.”可知，发送和接收信息需要时间。结合选项，“延迟”符合语境。故选A。
14．推理判断题。根据“5G could also be used to power the Internet of Things”和“Fast Internet speeds will be the key to developing this technology. For example, with IOT under 5G, your fridge could automatically (自动地) place an order online for eggs when it finds that there are no eggs left inside.”可知，文中提到冰箱的例子是为了论证5G还可用来推动物联网。故选D。
15．最佳标题题。根据“5G will shape every type of technology that it touches. And you won’t have to wait too long for that to happen. Though we’ve seen a lot of positive progress just in the last year, we still have a long way to go before 5G is anywhere near as common as 4G is right now.”以及上文对5G的介绍可知，整篇文章围绕着5G展开，让大家尽请期待。故选C。
（2022秋·广东珠海·八年级珠海市文园中学校考期中）
Jogging（慢跑）is good for us and helps us live longer and healthier lives. It’s easy to do and it’s free. You do not have to spend money jogging. You can do it in a park or even in your home. But many people find it boring after jogging for a while. Then how can we keep jogging fun? Here are some ideas to make your jogging more interesting.
First, you should choose to wear your favourite sports clothes and shoes when you jog. They make you more comfortable and more likely to run.
Always jog outdoors. By changing your route and choose different streets every day, you will always have something interesting to enjoy while you jog.
Take along your MP3 player and listen to your favourite songs when you jog. The music can make you excited and run further without feeling bored.
It’s always more enjoyable with a friend. Make friends while jogging. Join a running club, find a new running partner, or invite an old friend to go jogging. It’s better to find a friend who runs a little faster than you. Then you can try to catch up with him or her.
16．Which is NOT the advantage of jogging according to the passage?
A．It makes us healthier.
B．It is fun and interesting.
C．It doesn’t need much money.
D．Most of us can do it because it is easy.
17．How many ideas does the writer tell us to help make jogging fun?
A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six.
18．What does the underlined word “route” mean in Chinese?
A．规律 B．习惯 C．场地 D．路线
19．How can the music help jogging?
A．It can make us excited and run further.
B．It can make us run faster.
C．It can be helpful to our body.
D．It can make us only think about jogging.
20．The best tittle（题目）of the passage may be ______.
A．Help Your Friends Jog B．How to Jog with Others
C．Ways to Make Jogging Fun D．The Advantages of Jogging
【答案】16．B 17．B 18．D 19．A 20．C
【导语】本文介绍了慢跑对我们有好处，以及使慢跑有趣的方法。
16．细节理解题。根据“Jogging（慢跑）is good for us and helps us live longer and healthier lives. It’s easy to do and it’s free.可知慢跑让我们更健康，而且很容易做到，并且是免费的，B选项不是。故选B。
17．细节理解题。根据“First, you should choose to wear your favourite sports clothes and shoes when you jog.”、“Always jog outdoors.”和“Take along your MP3 player and listen to your favourite songs when you jog.”以及“It’s always more enjoyable with a friend”可知共有4个建议让慢跑变得有趣。故选B。
18．词句猜测题。根据“Always jog outdoors.”和“choose different streets every day, you will always have something interesting to enjoy while you jog.”可知要选择不同的街道，你在慢跑时总会有一些有趣的事情可以享受。所以此处的route指的是“路线”。故选D。
19．细节理解题。根据“The music can make you excited and run further without feeling bored.”可知音乐可以让你兴奋，跑得更远而不感到无聊。故选A。
20．最佳标题题。根据“Then how can we keep jogging fun? Here are some ideas to make your jogging more interesting.”和通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了使慢跑有趣的方法。故选C。
（2022秋·广东珠海·八年级珠海市紫荆中学桃园校区校考期中）
What subject do you worry about most at school? Many students worry about math. Some students can’t sleep well the day before a math exam. Others may feel very nervous during the exam. But there is a way to make the subject less terrible.
Some people are worried about math, but a posture (姿势) makes a big difference to them. The posture is sitting up straight and it can help students do better in math exams. However, some people are good at math and the posture makes no difference to them. Scientists tested 125 college students. They asked them to take a math exam. First, they were sitting in a slumped over (趴着) posture, and then they were sitting up straight. After the exam, about 60% students said the exam was easier to do if they were sitting up straight.
A slumped over posture is a defensive posture and if people are in danger, they will use this posture to protect (保护) themselves. This posture can bring out bad memories in their bodies and brains. This can stop them from thinking clearly because they are too nervous. However, sitting up straight makes people feel confident and strong.
A good posture isn’t just helpful for taking math exams. Sportspeople, musicians and public speakers can all feel good from better postures. When people feel nervous, they can also try to stand straight to make themselves feel tall. It can help them feel more certain and focus better.
So take the right posture to take the math exam and do other things. Certainly you can improve a lot!
21．A posture makes a big difference if the people ______.
A．can sleep well. B．are worried about math
C．are good at math D．do better in math exams
22．In the exam, the college students did the following things EXCEPT ______.
A．taking an exam B．sitting in a slumped over posture
C．sitting up straight D．feeling nervous about the exam result
23．How many students said the exam was easier to do if they were sitting up straight?
A．65. B．70 C．75. D．80.
24．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “defensive”?
A．戒备的 B．热忱的 C．冰冷的 D．可怕的
25．Which is the best title for the passage?
A．Sportspeople Can Feel Tall B．Sit Up Straight To Do Sports
C．Slump Over To Take a Math Exam D．Take a Right Posture and Get a Better Result
【答案】21．B 22．D 23．C 24．A 25．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了正确的坐姿可以让学生数学考试变得更简单，会有更好的结果。
21．细节理解题。根据“Some people are worried about math, but a posture (姿势) makes a big difference to them”可知有些人担心数学，但一个姿势对他们来说有作用，故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据“First, they were sitting in a slumped over (趴着) posture, and then they were sitting up straight. After the exam, about 60% students said the exam was easier to do if they were sitting up straight.”可知ABC都是文章提到的，D选项没有，故选D。
23．细节理解题。根据“After the exam, about 60% students said the exam was easier to do if they were sitting up straight.”可知60%的学生说如果他们坐直了考试会更容易进行，测试了125名大学生，所以是75人，故选C。
24．词义猜测题。根据“if people are in danger, they will use this posture to protect (保护) themselves.”可知如果人们处于危险之中，他们会用这个姿势来保护自己，所以这种姿势是一种防御姿势，A选项符合，故选A。
25．最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了正确的坐姿可以让学生数学考试变得更简单，会有更好的结果，故选D。
（2022秋·广东佛山·八年级君兰中学校考期中）
Britain is a nation of animal lovers. From the cute and lovely ones to the slimy(粘滑的) and scary ones, we love them all.
Some of us have a deep feeling for our pets(宠物), and these animals become part of the family. But here at the Wildlife Rescue and Ambulance Service Centre, animals will go back to the wild at last. London is not only home to millions of people but also home to many wild animals, but sometimes the animals can get hurt.
Here at the centre, the workers look after the injured or very young animals. When they get well enough, they can go back into the wild. Looking after them is hard work. The first thing of the day is making breakfast.
Most of the people who work here are volunteers(志愿者). None of them are paid. They help out and provide their time for free, for the love of animals. They work here to care for sick and injured animals and birds and then let them go back into the wild where they live. They depend on donations(捐赠) to keep the work going. People come to visit them at the centre, and then give away some money for animal protection(保护).
26．The Wildlife Rescue and Ambulance Service is the name of ________.
A．a book about wildlife protection B．a wildlife protection centre
C．an animal hospital D．some animal lovers
27．What does the underlined word “injured” mean?
A．healthy B．old C．unhealthy D．dead
28．When the injured or young animals get well enough, they ________.
A．will go to the zoo to live there forever
B．will go back to the wild
C．will be kept by some people who love them
D．will still stay at the centre
29．Why do the volunteers at the centre help the animals for free?
A．Because they have a lot of money.
B．Because they want to keep the animals.
C．Because they love animals very much.
D．Because they are good at looking after animals.
30．What is the best title for the passage?
A．How to Keep Animals
B．How to Save Wild Animals
C．The Wildlife Centre in Britain
D．The Danger of Protecting Animals
【答案】26．B 27．C 28．B 29．C 30．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了英国的一个野生动物救援和救护服务中心。
26．细节理解题。根据“Here at the centre, the workers look after the injured or very young animals. When they get well enough, they can go back into the wild.”可知，野生动物救援和救护服务是一家野生动物保护中心。故选B。
27．词句猜测题。根据“When they get well enough, they can go back into the wild.”可知，中心的志愿者帮助照顾“injured”的动物，使它们恢复健康，故划线部分injured意为“不健康的”。故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据“When they get well enough, they can go back into the wild.”可知，当受伤或幼小的动物恢复健康，它们会回到野外。故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据“They help out and provide their time for free, for the love of animals.”可知，志愿者无偿帮助动物是因为他们热爱动物。故选C。
30．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了英国的一家致力于保护动物的野生动物保护中心，故“The Wildlife Centre in Britain”可作为文章标题。故选C。
（2022秋·广东广州·八年级广州市第十六中学校考期中）
Research has found that the secret to happiness is keeping busy. Keeping your minds busy with tasks can help you keep off your negative emotions(负面情绪). No matter how meaningless they are.
However, the bad news is that humans are seemingly born to be lazy in order to save energy, according to Professor Christoper Hsee, a scientist at Chicago University.
In a study, 98 students were asked to complete two surveys. After they had completed the first, they had to wait 15 minutes to receive the next one. They were given a choice of either handing in the first survey nearby or at a farther place they had to walk to. No matter which choice they made, they received a chocolate bar. It turned out that 68 students chose the lazy option. Those who had taken the walk reported feeling happier than those who had stayed put (待在原处).
Prof. Hsee said that keeping busy helped keep people happy. He said the findings, reported in the journal Psychological Science, might have an effect on policies (政策).
“Governments may increase the happiness of idle citizens by having them build bridges that are actually useless,” he suggested.
As for ordinary people, he advised, “Get up and do something, anything. Even if there really is no point to what you are doing, you will feel better for it.” He added, “Thinking deeply or engaging in self-reflection (自我反省) can be regarded as keeping busy, too.” “You do not need to be running around. You just need to be engaged, either physically or mentally.”
31．Keeping busy can make people happy because _______.
A．it can help people keep off laziness
B．it can make people sleep better
C．it can help keep off of negative emotions
D．it can give people a sense of achievement
32．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Policies may be influenced by the findings.
B．The officials have taken Prof. Hsee’s advice.
C．In the study, half students handed in the first survey nearby.
D．Governments can increase citizens’ happiness by building bridges.
33．What can we infer from the passage?
A．Everybody is born to be happy.
B．Only by keeping working all the time can you get happiness.
C．Prof. Hsee’s finding was published in Psychological Science.
D．Keeping busy goes against human nature.
34．What is the best title for the passage?
A．What is Happiness
B．The Secret of Happiness: Keeping Busy
C．The Finding of Research: Do What You Like
D．Take Life Correctly
【答案】31．C 32．A 33．D 34．B
【导语】本文讲述科学家通过研究发现——快乐的秘诀是保持忙碌，让大脑专注于任务，可以避免负面情绪。
31．细节理解题。根据“Keeping your minds busy with tasks can help you keep off your negative emotions(负面情绪). ”可知，保持忙碌可以让人们快乐，因为它可以帮助人们摆脱消极情绪。故选C。
32．推理判断题。根据“He said the findings, reported in the journal Psychological Science, might have an effect on policies (政策).”可知，选项A“政策可能会受到调查结果的影响”表述正确。故选A。
33．推理判断题。根据“However, the bad news is that humans are seemingly born to be lazy in order to save energy, according to Professor Christoper Hsee, a scientist at Chicago University.”（然而，坏消息是，据芝加哥大学的科学家Christoper Hsee教授称，人类似乎天生懒惰，以节省能量）可推断，忙碌有悖于人的天性。故选D。
34．最佳标题题。本文讲述科学家通过研究发现——快乐的秘诀是保持忙碌，让大脑专注于任务，可以避免负面情绪。可知，选项B符合文章大意。故选B。
（2022秋·广东广州·八年级广州市第十六中学校考期中）
Nowadays, we have kinds of technologies to protect us from different disasters（灾难）. We even know where and when some disasters, like the typhoon, come. While most of the new technologies are far away from us, some around us can help people in disasters.
The drone（无人机）is one of them. It can be used to send food, water and other important things when a natural disaster happens. Very often the buildings are too dangerous for rescue teams to get in. They can make the drone fly into the buildings to search for those who are still alive first.
Social media is also a useful tool when it comes to natural disasters. With its help, people can know about the natural disasters before they hit. And some social media platforms allow people to mark themselves as safe after disasters so others can know their status.
Social media is also a place for up-to-the-minute news, so people can learn what is going on in the disaster areas. Besides, many social media platforms allow people to donate money to help people in disaster areas. The money will help them get back to their normal life as soon as possible. For example, livestreaming（直播）helped raise a lot of money for Henan after the flood in 2021.
Although these technologies can help when there is a natural disaster, we still need to prepare necessary tools and learn important skills to protect ourselves.
35．If people know others “status”, they know ________.
A．what they are like B．what they are doing
C．if they are at home D．how they are going
36．The writer mentions livestreaming to show ________.
A．social media can provide up-to-the-minute news
B．social media can help raise money after a disaster
C．people can know about coming disasters on social media
D．people can tell others they are safe through social media
37．The purpose of the passage is to ________.
A．tell readers what to do when disasters come
B．advise readers to use social media more often
C．tell readers how some technologies help in disasters
D．ask readers to learn necessary skills for natural disasters
38．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?
A． B．
C． D．
【答案】35．D 36．B 37．C 38．A
【导语】本文介绍了一些能够保护人民免于灾难的现代科技。
35．推理判断题。根据“And some social media platforms allow people to mark themselves as safe after disasters so others can know their status.”可知，一些社交媒体平台允许人们在灾难发生后将自己标记为安全的，这样其他人就可以知道自己的状态，也就是人们可以知道他们情况如何。故选D。
36．细节理解题。根据“The money will help them get back to their normal life as soon as possible. For example, livestreaming（直播）helped raise a lot of money for Henan after the flood in 2021.”可知，直播能够在灾难过后帮助筹集大量资金。故选B。
37．推理判断题。纵观全文，本文介绍了一些能够保护人民免于灾难的现代科技。因此本文的目的在于告诉读者一些技术是如何在灾难中发挥作用的。故选C。
38．篇章结构题。根据“While most of the new technologies are far away from us, some around us can help people in disasters.”可知第一段总领全文，根据“The drone is one of them.”可知第二段介绍无人机，根据“Social media is also a useful tool when it comes to natural disasters.”和“Social media is also a place for up-to-the-minute news, so people can learn what is going on in the disaster areas.”可知第三段和第四段介绍社交媒体，根据“Although these technologies can help when there is a natural disaster”可知最后一段总结，因此选项A符合。故选A。
（2022秋·广东广州·八年级广州市天河中学校考期中）
These days schools don’t allow students to bring mobile phones to schools. Many parents are worried. How can they connect with their kids at school? Well, smart watches may be the answer to their worries. Smart watches are like small computers. They usually tell time and count a person’s steps(步数). Most smart watches connect with smartphones and they let the users make calls, and send and receive messages. Often smart watches have microphones and speakers. Some even have cameras.
Many parents buy smart watches for their children because they are too young to have a mobile phone. They are less worried because they can call their children at any time through smart watches. Also, many smart watches have GPS trackers(追踪器). These trackers allow parents to know where their children are, so they know if everything is OK.
But now some groups in Europe say many smart watches are not as safe as what we think. Some watches allow more than parents to track where the children are. They also allow anyone to send the children a message. People can also control the watches from far away to watch and listen to the children. To be safe, any time a smart watch makes a call or sends a message or GPS information-the information should be processed(数据处理) so no one else can get the information.
39．Parents feel worried because ________.
A．children always play with their mobile phone
B．children can’t take photos without a mobile phone
C．parents can’t connect with their kids at school
D．parents can’t buy a mobile phone for children
40．A smart watch can’t ________.
A．answer questions B．make phone calls
C．tell time D．count a person’s steps
41．What does “They” in the last paragraph refer to?
A．Watches. B．Parents. C．Children. D．People.
42．Which is TRUE about smart watches?
A．Smart watches are safe enough for children to use.
B．Only parents can send messages to their children.
C．GPS trackers can help parents find their children.
D．Anybody can get the information from smart watches.
【答案】39．C 40．A 41．A 42．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了智能手表的用途和好处。
39．细节理解题。根据“Many parents are worried. How can they connect with their kids at school?”可知家长们很担心，因为孩子上学时他们无法联系到孩子。故选C。
40．细节理解题。根据“They usually tell time and count a person’s steps(步数). Most smart watches connect with smartphones and they let the users make calls, and send and receive messages. Often smart watches have microphones and speakers. Some even have cameras.”可知可以看时间、计步数、打电话，没有提到回答问题。故选A。
41．词义猜测题。根据“Some watches allow more than parents to track where the children are. They also allow anyone to send the children a message.”（有些手表不仅可以让父母追踪孩子的位置。它们还允许任何人给孩子们发信息。）可知此处的They指的是手表，故选A。
42．细节理解题。根据“Also, many smart watches have GPS trackers(追踪器). These trackers allow parents to know where their children are, so they know if everything is OK.”可知GPS追踪器可以帮助父母找到他们的孩子。故选C。
（2022秋·广东肇庆·八年级校考期中）
There are many deserts (沙漠) on the earth. And the following are some facts you may find interesting.
What are deserts like?
Deserts can be hot and dry places. Rain may not fall there for months or years. Some deserts are sandy and stony. Deserts can also be very windy places. The wind moves sand around from place to place.
Temperatures in the desert can vary enormously (极大地). During the daytime, the temperature may reach 40℃ even in the shade (阴凉处). At night deserts can become very cold.
Living in the desert
The camel is sometimes called “the ship of the desert”. It stores food in its hump (驼峰) and can go for days without water. It has large feet which help it not to fall into the soft sand. Its long eyelashes (睫毛) keep out the sand during sandstorms.
An oasis is an area of the desert where water may be found. The water may be in pools or under the ground. People and animals visit an oasis for water and food. Plants grow at an oasis. Some farmers are able to grow crops there.
The Arabian Desert
The Arabian Desert lies between the Red Sea and the Arabian Gulf. In some parts of the desert, it is too hot for people to live. Oil was discovered under parts of the desert and in the Arabian Gulf. This oil has made some countries in the area very rich.
43．How is the desert according to the passage?
A．Hot and dry. B．Sandy and rainy.
C．Wet and stony. D．Windy and snowy.
44．What does the underlined word “vary” mean in the passage?
A．Be low. B．Be high. C．Be similar. D．Be different.
45．Why does the camel have long eyelashes?
A．To stay cool in deserts.
B．To go for days without water.
C．To help it not to fall into the soft sand.
D．To keep out the sand during sandstorms.
46．According to the passage, people and animals visit an oasis for ________.
A．frost and crops B．sand and stones
C．water and food D．money and oil
47．What is the best title of the passage?
A．What Is the Weather Like in Deserts B．What do You Know about Deserts
C．How do People Live in Deserts D．Where Is the Arabian Desert
【答案】43．A 44．D 45．D 46．C 47．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了沙漠的一些有趣的事实。
43．细节理解题。根据“Deserts can be hot and dry places.”可知，沙漠可能是炎热干燥的地方。故选A。
44．细节理解题。根据“During the daytime, the temperature may reach 40℃ even in the shade (阴凉处). At night deserts can become very cold.”可知，白天，即使在阴凉处，气温也可能达到40℃，夜晚，沙漠会变得非常寒冷。所以沙漠温度温差极大，故选D。
45．细节理解题。根据“Its long eyelashes (睫毛) keep out the sand during sandstorms.”可知，沙尘暴时，它的长睫毛挡住了沙子。故选D。
46．细节理解题。根据“People and animals visit an oasis for water and food.”可知，人们和动物来到绿洲寻找水源和食物。故选C。
47．主旨大意题。根据“There are many deserts (沙漠) on the earth. And the following are some facts you may find interesting.”可知，本文主要介绍了沙漠的一些有趣的事实。最佳标题应与之有关，B项“你对沙漠了解多少”符合，故选B。
（2022秋·广东茂名·八年级校考期中）
Which is the best city in Europe? Each city has something special. Now let’s see four popular cities.
London, England
If you like theatres, or you are interested in history, you will like this city. There are a lot of old buildings. The best time to visit London is from May to October. You can visit the British Museum, Tate Britain, and die Palace of Westminster
Amsterdam, Holland
People who love art will like this city. And it’s a great place to ride bikes. You can ride a bike and go wherever you want to go. Or you can get around the city by bus. In April or May you can see many beautiful tulips (郁金香). July and August are the best months. The Royal Palace and the Van Gogh Museum are great places.
Parts, France
People who love art or traditional food will like this city. Spring is the best time to visit it Summer is also a good time. The Louvre, the Eiffel Tower and the Montparnasse Tower are the great places you should visit.
Copenhagen, Denmark
People who love listening to fairy tales (童话故事) will like this city. If you come to visit Copenhagen, you will know more about Andersen’s fairy tales. Summer is the because the weather is sunny but never too hot.
48．If you want to visit London, the best time is _________ .
A．January. B．November C．August D．February.
49．From the third paragraph we can guess that ________.
A．people in Amsterdam have tulips the whole year
B．people in Amsterdam like riding bikes
C．It’s not easy to travel around Amsterdam by bus
D．tourists would like to visit Amsterdam in January
50．________ places in Paris art talked about in the passage.
A．Five B．Four C．Three D．Two
51．Copenhagen is famous for _________.
A．arts B．traditional food C．tulips D．fairy tales
52．The passage is mainly about ________.
A．London, a city with a long history B．the differences among four cities
C．four different cities in Europe D．the cities that people like
【答案】48．C 49．B 50．C 51．D 52．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了四个受欢迎的欧洲城市。
48．细节理解题。根据“ The best time to visit London is from May to October.”可知，游览伦敦的最佳时间是从5月到10月。故选C。
49．推理判断题。根据“People who love art will like this city. And it’s a great place to ride bikes. You can ride a bike and go wherever you want to go”（这是一个骑自行车的好地方，你可以骑自行车去任何你想去的地方）可推断，阿姆斯特丹的人喜欢骑自行车，故选B。
50．细节理解题。根据“The Louvre, the Eiffel Tower and the Montparnasse Tower are the great places you should visit.”可知，文中提到了巴黎的三个景点：卢浮宫、埃菲尔铁塔和蒙帕纳斯塔。故选C。
51．细节理解题。根据“If you come to visit Copenhagen, you will know more about Andersen’s fairy tales.”可知，哥本哈根以童话故事而闻名。故选D。
52．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了四个受欢迎的欧洲城市。故选C。
（2022秋·广东广州·八年级校考期中）
Computers are useful machines. They can help people a lot in their everyday life. For example, they can help people save much time, and they can help people work out many problems people can’t do easily.
Today more and more families own computers. Parents buy computers for their children. They hope computers can help them improve their studies in school. Yet many of the children use computers to play games, to watch videos or to sing songs, instead of studying. So many teachers and parents complain that computers can not help children study but make them fall behind. So computers are locked by parents in the boxes. In some other countries, even some scientists hate computers. They say computers make millions of people lose their jobs or bring them a lot of troubles.
Will computers really bring troubles to people or can they bring people happiness? It will be decided by people themselves.
53．How does paragraph 1 show that computer are useful?
A．By comparing. B．By giving numbers.
C．By giving example. D．By giving reasons.
54．What do many teachers and parents complain about?
A．Their students and children use computers to play games.
B．Computers let them lost their jobs.
C．Computers make the students and children fall behind.
D．Computers bring people a lot of trouble.
55．Why so some scientists hate computers?
A．Because computers make millions of people lose their jobs.
B．Because computers bring people a lot of troubles.
C．Because people spend lots of timing playing games.
D．Both A and B．
56．In this passage we know computers _______.
A．also bring us trouble B．bring us happiness only
C．are hated by all people D．are good for people’s health
【答案】53．C 54．C 55．D 56．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了电脑是很有用的，但是同时也会带来一些麻烦。
53．推理判断题。根据“Computers are useful machines. They can help people a lot in their everyday life. For example, they can help people save much time, and they can help people work out many problems people can’t do easily.”（电脑是有用的机器。它们可以帮助人们在日常生活中很多。例如，它们可以帮助人们节省很多时间，它们可以帮助人们解决许多人们不能轻易解决的问题。）可知，第一段通过举例来说明电脑很有用，故选C。
54．细节理解题。根据“So many teachers and parents complain that computers can not help children study but make them fall behind. ”可知，许多老师和家长抱怨说，电脑不仅不能帮助孩子学习，反而让他们落后了。故选C。
55．细节理解题。根据“In some other countries, even some scientists hate computers. They say computers make millions of people lose their jobs or bring them a lot of troubles.”可知，因为电脑让数百万人失业或给他们带来很多麻烦。故选D。
56．细节理解题。根据“They say computers make millions of people lose their jobs or bring them a lot of troubles.”可知，电脑也会带来麻烦，故选A。
（2022秋·广东广州·八年级校考期中）
Americans love cars. They go everywhere in them. 85% of people in the US go to and from work by car. And most adults have driving licenses.
How it started
America’s love of cars started after the war when soldiers returned home from World War II to rebuild their lives. They borrowed money from the government to buy houses and cars which became the symbols of status (地位) . The more money they had, the bigger their cars were.
Making of roads
During the war, President Eisenhower noticed what good roads Germany had. He decided to build new four-lane (四车道) roads in America. He said if something happened suddenly, the two-lane roads wouldn’t be able to carry all the cars that would suddenly leave the cities. Car and oil companies liked his idea and the building started.
Car lovers
Not just teenagers are crazy about cars. Some Americans love their cars so much that they paint their cars beautifully. These are called Art Cars. Every April there is an activity in Houston, Texas, where they show their cars.
Pollution
Cars have polluted the environment. American President Bush refused (拒绝) a worldwide law that is against pollution. Many countries were angry about it. Bush said he had to think of the American economy (经济) and all the American people that make money from cars. Factories say they want to make cars that pollute less. But others say making cars that pollute less will never be as good as having fewer cars.
57．When did Americans begin to love cars?
A．Before the new two-lane roads were built. B．Before World War Ⅱ.
C．During World War Ⅱ. D．After World War Ⅱ.
58．The underlined word “building” in Paragraph 3 means “the building of ________”.
A．companies B．soldiers’ lives C．houses D．roads
59．What were other countries’ feelings about Bush’s decision?
A．They agreed with him. B．They were unhappy with it.
C．They said nothing about it. D．The passage doesn’t tell us.
60．What’s the meaning of the last sentence?
A．It’s better to have fewer cars.
B．It’s better to make cars that pollute less.
C．It’s easier to make cars that pollute less.
D．It’s easier to make people have fewer cars.
【答案】57．D 58．D 59．B 60．A
【导语】本文介绍了美国人对车的喜爱，同时也介绍了车带来的污染。
57．细节理解题。根据“America’s love of cars started after the war when soldiers returned home from World War II to rebuild their lives”可知美国人爱车是在二战后，故选D。
58．词义猜测题。根据“He said if something happened suddenly, the two-lane roads wouldn’t be able to carry all the cars that would suddenly leave the cities. Car and oil companies liked his idea and the building started.”可知他说，如果突然发生什么事情，两车道的道路将无法承载所有突然离开城市的汽车，所以此处是指修路的工程就开始了，故选D。
59．细节理解题。根据“American President Bush refused (拒绝) a worldwide law that is against pollution. Many countries were angry about it.”可知其他国家并不赞成，所以表现出了愤怒。故选B。
60．词句猜测题。根据“ But others say making cars that pollute less will never be as good as having fewer cars.”（但也有人说，制造污染更少的汽车永远不会像拥有更少的汽车那么好）可知本句的意思就是最好有更少的汽车。故选A。
（2022秋·广东珠海·八年级校考期中）
About 90% of the population (人口) in the world is right-handed. But according to a new report, lots of famous people are left-handed. For example, three out of the last six American presidents (总统) are left-handed: George H. W. Bush, Bill Clinton and Barack Obama. So are Leonardo da Vinci, Bill Gates, Steve Jobs and so on. Are left-handed people smarter than the right-handed?
To answer this question, scientists studied 2,300 right-handed and left-handed students between the ages of 6 and 17 in Italy. The students were asked to work out some math problems. There was no difference when they looked at the easier math problems. But left-handed students did better at the more difficult problems.
In fact, people don’t always see left-handedness in a positive way. In the pamphlet (小册子) The Prevention and Correction of Left-Handedness in Children written by J.W. Conway in 1936, left handedness was described as a serious “illness”.
Prejudices (偏见) against left-handed people are built into our language. To be someone’s “right-hand man” is good. It means you are a person who can help a lot. But having “two left feet” or receiving a “left-handed compliment (赞扬)” is bad. The word “left” comes from the old English “lyft”, meaning weak or broken. These prejudices not only appear in English. The French word for left is “gauche”, which means “awkward (笨拙的)”, while “droite”, the French word for right, means “clever”.
61．Which of the following is TRUE according to the Paragraph 1?
A．A small part of people are left-handed. B．Most of US presidents are left-handed.
C．A large part of rich men are left-handed. D．Most of famous people are left-handed.
62．What do we know from the study?
A．Right-handed students liked math more.
B．Right-handed students worked out more math problems.
C．Left-handed students did better at easy math problems.
D．Left-handed students did better at difficult math problems.
63．The underlined word “positive” in Paragraph 3 probably means “________” in Chinese.
A．现实的 B．确定的 C．清晰的 D．正面的
64．Which of the following is a left-handed compliment?
A．You helped me a lot. B．You are a talented dancer.
C．You can do it. Just try your best. D．You’ve got a brain. Try using it.
65．What is probably the best title for this passage?
A．Right or left? It is up to you. B．Are left-handed people smarter?
C．Which hand do you often use? D．How to be a left-handed person?
【答案】61．A 62．D 63．D 64．D 65．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了左撇子虽然只占总人口的一少部分，但是他们当中出现了很多名人，那么左撇子是不是比右撇子更聪明呢？本文对这个问题进行了相关介绍。
61．细节理解题。根据“About 90% of the population (人口) in the world is right-handed.”可知90%的人是右撇子，只有10%的人口是左撇子。故选A。
62．细节理解题。根据“But left-handed students did better at the more difficult problems.”可知左撇子学生在更难的问题上做得更好。故选D。
63．词义猜测题。根据“left handedness was described as a serious ‘illness’.”可知左撇子被认为有严重的“疾病”，所以人们不是以正面的方式看待左撇子，故划线部分意为“正面的”。故选D。
64．推理判断题。根据“But having ‘two left feet’ or receiving a ‘left-handed compliment (赞扬)’ is bad”可知拥有“两只左脚”或接受“左撇子的赞美”是不好的，结合四个选项可知，选项D“你有脑子。尝试使用它”是讽刺的评价。故选D。
65．最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了左撇子虽然只占总人口的一少部分，但是他们当中出现了很多名人，那么左撇子是不是比右撇子更聪明呢？本文对这个问题进行了相关介绍，以选项B“左撇子的人更聪明吗”为标题更合适。故选B。
（2022秋·广东广州·八年级西关外国语学校校考期中）
China impresses (给……留下深刻印象) the world in the year 2022. In the past months, we have seen several important events that showed the world a strong China. Here we take a look back at them.
The 16-day Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games closed on February 20. Themed “Together for a Shared Future”, the Games drew attention of the world successfully. Athletes (运动员) competed bravely on the ice and snow, achieving their dreams. They encouraged people around the world with their spirits. Behind stage, Chinese food and culture impressed international athletes. Many shared photos and videos of their life on social media, telling Chinese stories to the world. Bejing2022gave the world a window on China.
While Beijing 2022 reflects rich Chinese culture, the great progress in science and technology shows the ability to innovate (创新). On April 16, China welcomed three heroic astronauts home. After flying around Earth for six months, they came back home safely. During the stay in space, they gave lively science lessons from the Tiangong space station. That made millions of children fall in love with space science. What’s more, on June 5, the Shenzhou XIV spacecraft rose into space and another three astronauts were sent into the space station. They will make a further step in the exploration (探索) of space.
All these great achievements show the power of China. We’re proud of our country. We strongly believe that China will surely move forward to an even brighter future.
66．When did the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games open?
A．On February 20. B．On April 16.
C．On February 4. D．On April 1.
67．What can we infer from the second paragraph?
A．More and more athletes took part in the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games.
B．People from other countries can know more about China from social media.
C．“Together for a Shared Future” is one of the Chinese stories.
D．The athletes disliked Chinese food and culture.
68．What does the underlined word “reflect” mean in Paragraph 3?
A．enjoy B．give C．show D．realize
69．What is the best title of this passage?
A．The Beijing 2022.
B．Great Achievements in China 2022.
C．I’m novation of Science and Technology 2022.
D．A Brighter Future in China.
70．What is the structure of the passage?
A． B．
C． D．
【答案】66．C 67．B 68．C 69．B 70．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了2022年中国取得的成就。
66．细节理解题。根据“The 16-day Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games closed on February 20.”可知，为期16天的北京2022年冬奥会于2月20日闭幕。所以冬奥会2月4日开幕，故选C。
67．推理判断题。根据“Many shared photos and videos of their life on social media, telling Chinese stories to the world. Bejing2022 gave the world a window on China.”可知，许多人在社交媒体上分享了他们的生活照片和视频，向世界讲述了中国的故事。北京2022让世界看到中国。故选B。
68．词义猜测题。根据“the great progress in science and technology shows the ability to innovate (创新).”可知，科学技术的巨大进步显示了创新的能力，所以reflect意为“展示”，即北京2022冬奥会体现了丰富的中国文化，故选C。
69．最佳标题题。根据“All these great achievements show the power of China. We’re proud of our country. We strongly believe that China will surely move forward to an even brighter future.”可知，全文在讲2022冬奥会中国取得的成就，故选B。
70．篇章结构题。第一段总体概括了2022过去的几个月里，我们看到了一些重要事件，向世界展示了一个强大的中国；第二段和第三段分别从冬奥会和科技方面的进步取得的成就；第四段总结了所有的成就展示了中国的力量，所以全文结构是总分总，故选C。
（2022秋·广东广州·八年级广州大学附属中学校考期中）
It’s been almost three years since COVID-19 began spreading around the world. There have been more than 200 million cases of the virus around the world. At least 4.25 million people have died.
After scientists developed vaccines(疫苗) that worked against the virus, many countries began to pay attention to vaccination programs. The vaccines are great tools for fighting the virus, but they haven’t stopped the spread of the virus yet.
One reason is that many poorer countries are struggling to get vaccines for their people. Our country has given away hundreds of millions of vaccines to those countries, but billions more are needed.
In some countries with strong vaccination programs, many people refuse to get vaccinated. Many of these people have gotten wrong information which makes them think that the vaccines may not be safe.
Finally, coronavirus “variants(变种)” are making it harder to beat the virus. Now the “Delta variant” seems to be the worst. It spreads quickly and may cause more serious illnesses. The Delta variant is causing terrible problems in countries where people haven’t had the chance to get vaccinated. Even in countries with plenty of vaccines, the Delta variant is having a strong influence on unvaccinated people.
It’s clear that COVID-19 will be part of people’s life for quite a while. The best way to fight it seems to vaccinate as many people as possible.
71．Why did the writer write the first paragraph?
A．To show how serious COVID-19 is.
B．To explain why COVID-19 is so serious.
C．To encourage people to fight against COVID-19.
D．To give people some advice on how to prevent COVID-19.
72．What does the underlined word “struggling” mean in English?
A．Rushing. B．Choosing carefully. C．Working hard. D．Expecting.
73．What do Paragraphs 3-5 mainly tell us?
A．How the virus spreads and how people prevent it.
B．The differences between different kinds of coronavirus variants.
C．How vaccination programs help prevent the spread of the virus.
D．The reasons why the vaccines haven’t stopped the spread of the virus.
74．What is the writer’s idea about vaccinating as many people as possible?
A．He is against it. B．He doesn’t mind it.
C．He strongly supports it. D．He is worried about it.
【答案】71．A 72．C 73．D 74．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了新冠疫情对人们生活的影响，并建议人们尽可能接种疫苗。
71．细节理解题。根据“There have been more than 200 million cases of the virus around the world. At least 4.25 million people have died.”（全球已有2亿多例新冠病毒感染病例。至少425万人死亡。）可知，本段主要展示其严重程度。故选A。
72．词义猜测题。根据“Our country has given away hundreds of millions of vaccines to those countries, but billions more are needed.”（我国已向这些国家赠送了数亿疫苗，但还需要数十亿。）可知，此处指许多较贫穷的国家正在努力获得疫苗，因此“struggling”的意思是“努力工作”。故选C。
73．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The vaccines are great tools for fighting the virus, but they haven’t stopped the spread of the virus yet.”（疫苗是对抗病毒的好工具，但它们还没有阻止病毒的传播。）；根据第三段“One reason is that many poorer countries are struggling to get vaccines for their people.”（原因之一是许多较贫穷的国家正在努力为本国人民获得疫苗）；根据第四段“In some countries with strong vaccination programs, many people refuse to get vaccinated.”（在一些有强大疫苗接种规划的国家，许多人拒绝接种疫苗。）和第五段“Finally, coronavirus ‘variants(变种)’ are making it harder to beat the virus.”（最后，冠状病毒的“变种”使战胜病毒变得更加困难。）可知，这几段主要介绍了为什么疫苗没有阻止病毒的传播。故选D。
74．观点态度题。根据“The best way to fight it seems to vaccinate as many people as possible.”（对抗它的最好方法似乎是给尽可能多的人接种疫苗。）可知，作者强烈地支持接种疫苗。故选C。
（2022秋·广东广州·八年级广州大学附属中学校考期中）
Do you want to spend your summer holiday in a meaningful way? Do you want to make a difference to the lives of children? Join us now and become a volunteer teacher of English!
We are a charity and we help children in poor areas in India. We need volunteers to join us and teach English to these children, and help make their lives better.
Volunteer teachers will work with children aged 6 to 15 and teach classes up to 30 children.
We welcome volunteers with or without teaching experience. We will organize a two-week training before you go to India.
This is a special chance to gain important life experience. You will meet other young people from all over the world, and learn more about Indian culture. Most importantly, you will make a difference to a community (团体) in need. Education can change a child’s life forever. Help us make that change today.
What our volunteers say:
“This has been a wonderful experience. I loved teaching my class and India is a beautiful country. I’ll never forget the three months I spent here!”—Jane
“After my 2-month volunteering experience there, I realize how lucky I’m at home. Some children in India live in very poor conditions, but they’re very hard-working. They want to improve the lives of their families in the future. I’m very happy to be able to help them in some small ways.”—Mike
To join us, you can email us at teachervolunteers@yahoo.com or call us at 60998979. Come and be a member of the big family!
75．What kind of volunteers are needed?
A．ORBIS doctors. B．English teachers. C．UNICEF workers. D．Environmental volunteers.
76．Who do the volunteers help in India?
A．The elderly. B．The sick adults. C．Kids in poor areas. D．People with disabilities.
77．How does Mike like his experience as a volunteer?
A．He realizes how unlucky he is.
B．He doesn’t think the voluntary work is useful.
C．He will always remember his three-month stay in India.
D．He’s glad to make a little difference to the lives of Indian children.
【答案】75．B 76．C 77．D
【导语】本文主要在招募志愿者，去印度贫穷地区当英语老师。文章详细介绍了招募条件以及其他做过这项工作的志愿者的感受。
75．细节理解题。根据“Join us now and become a volunteer teacher of English!”可知是需要英语老师。故选B。
76．细节理解题。根据“We are a charity and we help children in poor areas in India”可知是帮助印度贫困地区的孩子。故选C。
77．细节理解题。根据“I’m very happy to be able to help them in some small ways”可知他的志愿者经历让他觉得能够帮助到这些孩子很开心。故选D。
（2022秋·广东茂名·八年级校考期中）
Every scientist has a dream when he or she was a child. A scientist in China once had a dream. He wished to grow a new type of rice. The new type of rice would be as big as a peanut(花生), so that farmers could rest in the cool shadows(阴影) of big rice plants. This person is Yuan Longping, “Father of Hybrid Rice”.
Yuan Longping was born in 1930. He graduated(毕业) from the Southwest Agricultural(农业) University in 1953. He came up with an idea for a hybrid rice in the 1960. From then on, he has put his heart into the research and the development of new kinds of hybrid rice.
In 1973, together with other people, he succeeded in the development of hybrid rice. This made China a worldwide leader in rice production. For this, people call him “Father of Hybrid Rice”. In 1980, the technology for hybrid was introduced to the United States. Because of Professor Yuan’s hard work, China now produces enough rice to feed her people every year.
In his free time, Yuan Longping loves playing the violin and listening to music. Every night, he reads for half an hour before he goes to sleep. He likes swimming, too.
It is said that Professor Yuan is one of the richest people in China. But he cares about nothing but his research.
In 2021, Professor Yuan left us forever(永远). We will remember his dream of life is to make all the people away from hunger.
78．How old was Yuan Longping when he succeeded in the development of hybrid rice?
A．23 years old. B．30 years old. C．43 years old. D．50 years old.
79．The underlined word “hybrid” in this passage probably means ________ in Chinese.
A．杂交的 B．无公害的 C．超级的 D．巨大的
80．What might Yuan Longping do in his free time?
A．He plays the violin. B．He listens to music. C．He reads books. D．A, B and C．
81．What might Yuan Longping’s dream be when he was young?
A．To be a writer. B．To be a bank clerk. C．To be a scientist. D．To be a policeman.
82．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A．Yuan Longping studied in an agricultural university when he was young.
B．Yuan Longping’s only hobby is swimming in summer.
C．Yuan Longping is over ninety years old .
D．Yuan Longping cares more about his research than about money.
【答案】78．C 79．A 80．D 81．C 82．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了杂交水稻之父——袁隆平的生平与事迹。
78．细节理解题。根据“Yuan Longping was born in 1930.”（袁隆平出生于1930年。）和“In 1973, together with other people, he succeeded in the development of hybrid rice.”（1973年，他与其他人一起成功开发了杂交水稻。）可知是43岁时研究出杂交水稻，故选C。
79．词义猜测题。根据“He wished to grow a new type of rice. The new type of rice would be as big as a peanut(花生), so that farmers could rest in the cool shadows(阴影) of big rice plants. This person is Yuan Longping, ‘Father of Hybrid Rice’.”（他希望种植一种新型水稻。这种新型水稻将像花生一样大，这样农民就可以在大水稻的阴凉处休息。这个人就是“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平。）可知“Hybrid”应译为“杂交的”，故选A。
80．细节理解题。根据“In his free time, Yuan Longping loves playing the violin and listening to music. Every night, he reads for half an hour before he goes to sleep. He likes swimming, too.”（在空闲时间，袁隆平喜欢拉小提琴和听音乐。每天晚上，他在睡觉前读半小时书。他也喜欢游泳。）可知拉小提琴、听音乐、读书都提到了，故选D。
81．推理判断题。根据“Every scientist has a dream when he or she was a child. A scientist in China once had a dream.”（每个科学家小时候都有一个梦想。中国的一位科学家曾经有一个梦想。）可知他小时候想成为科学家，故选C。
82．细节理解题。根据“In his free time, Yuan Longping loves playing the violin and listening to music. Every night, he reads for half an hour before he goes to sleep. He likes swimming, too.”（在空闲时间，袁隆平喜欢拉小提琴和听音乐。每天晚上，他在睡觉前读半小时书。他也喜欢游泳。）可知选项B“袁隆平唯一的爱好是夏天游泳”表述是错的，故选B。
（2022秋·广东茂名·八年级校考期中）
Music is an International language. There are many kinds of music in America. Today, almost every student likes popular music in America. Students carry small radios with earphones and listen to music before class, after class, and at lunch. Students with cars buy large speakers(喇叭) and play the music loudly as they drive on the street. Adult(成人) drivers listen to music on the car radio as they drive to work. They also listen to the news about sports, the weather, politics, and activities of the American people. Most of the radio stations are playing music for everyone all the time.
Pop or popular music singers make much money. They make CDs or tapes, and the radio stations use these CDs or tapes in every state(州). If young people all over the country hear the popular singers’ music, they will buy those CDs or tapes. Some of the money from these CDs or tapes comes to the singers. When the singers go outside, all the young people always want to meet them at any place. In this way, the singers become famous stars all over the country.
There are also other kinds of music, and they are important to Americans. The first one is folk(民谣) music. It has stories about the common life of Americans. The second one is western or country(乡村) music. Western cowboys started this kind of music, and they would sing at night to the cows when they were watching the cows. Today, when Americans talk about western or country music, they mean any music about country life and the love between a country boy and his girl. The third one is classical music. People enjoy this kind of music in the concert halls, such as The Blue Danube and The Symphonies(交响乐) of Beethoven.
83．Almost every American student likes ________.
A．popular music B．American songs C．folk music D．country music
84．What do adult drivers do when they are driving?
A．Listen to pop songs. B．Listen to news and make a CD．
C．Listen to music and news. D．Listen to some stories.
85．Why do the singers become famous stars all over the country?
A．The radio stations use their CDs or tapes in every state.
B．Several young people buy their CDs or tapes.
C．Young people sometimes follow them.
D．They learn to sing a lot of beautiful songs.
86．Cowboys started ________ and sing at night to the cows.
A．popular music B．western music C．classical music D．folk music
87．What may be the best title for this passage?
A．Popular Music in America B．Kinds of Music in America
C．How to Be Famous Singers. D．Radio and music in America.
【答案】83．A 84．C 85．A 86．B 87．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了美国的几种音乐类型。
83．细节理解题。根据“Today, almost every student likes popular music in America.”可知，几乎每个美国学生都喜欢流行音乐。故选A。
84．细节理解题。根据“Adult(成人) drivers listen to music on the car radio as they drive to work. They also listen to the news about sports, the weather, politics, and activities of the American people.”可知，成年司机开车时听音乐和新闻。故选C。
85．细节理解题。根据“Pop or popular music singers make much money. They make CDs or tapes, and the radio stations use these CDs or tapes in every state(州). If young people all over the country hear the popular singers’ music, they will buy those CDs or tapes. Some of the money from these CDs or tapes comes to the singers. When the singers go outside, all the young people always want to meet them at any place. In this way, the singers become famous stars all over the country.”可知，这些歌手会成为全国著名的明星是因为每个州的广播电台都使用他们的CD或磁带。故选A。
86．细节理解题。根据“The second one is western or country(乡村) music. Western cowboys started this kind of music, and they would sing at night to the cows when they were watching the cows.”可知，牛仔们开始了西方音乐，晚上对着奶牛唱歌。故选B。
87．最佳标题题。文章讲述了美国的流行音乐、民族音乐、乡村音乐和古典音乐，可知，这篇文章最好的标题是“美国的音乐种类”。故选B。
（2022秋·广东佛山·八年级佛山市第四中学校考期中）
Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System after Mercury. Mars carries a name of the Roman God of War, and is often mentioned as the “Red planet” because of its reddish (微红的) look. We can see it easily from Earth with our eyes.
Many pictures taken by our telescopes (天文望远镜) or spaceships show that there might be water on the surface of Mars long ago. This finding is very exciting. Because on Earth, almost everywhere there is water, there is life. That makes people think that “something” smart, or Martians, lived on the planet. So Mars has caught a lot of our imagination.
These ideas led to more stories, books, movies, and television shows than any other planet. The most famous one was the 1938 radio drama The War of the Worlds. It sounded so real that many listeners were afraid that Martians would come to Earth and take our home one day.
Television picked up on the idea of human-like Martians with the 1966 series My Favorite Martian. Other stories that took place on Mars were turned into movies such as the 1990 Total Recall and its remake in 2012. Different from the 1990 one, the 2012 Total Recall showed Mars became a planet just like the earth but the people on it lived a hard life because it got less air.
The most successful one was the 2014 novel that became the movie in 2015 of The Martian about a scientist that is left on Mars. The movie showed a complete picture of the life on Mars and got great success.
The more we know about Mars, the more stories will follow.
88．Which statement is TRUE about Mars according to the text?
A．Its name comes from Roman God of War.
B．There was water and life on it long ago.
C．We can’t see it without using any tool.
D．It is smaller than the planet Mercury.
89．People have a lot of imagination about Mars because of ________.
A．its reddish look B．its place in Solar System
C．the pictures taken by spaceships D．the idea that there may be life on it
90．What can we know about the 2012 Total Recall?
A．It was a TV programme. B．It was about Martians on Earth.
C．It was the same as the 1990 one. D．It showed people’s hard life on Mars.
91．Which of the following talks about a scientist living on Mars?
A．The War of the Worlds. B．The Martian. C．the 1990 Total Recall. D．My Favorite Martian.
92．What is this passage mainly about?
A．The movies about Mars.
B．The new findings of Mars.
C．The information about Mars leads people to create stories.
D．The Mars is used as a background in many stories, books, movies and television.
【答案】88．A 89．D 90．D 91．B 92．D
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了火星，以及与火星相关的戏剧、电视电影等。
88．细节理解题。根据“Mars carries a name of the Roman God of War”可知，Mars是罗马战神的名字，故选项A“它的名字来自罗马的战神”与文章符合。故选A。
89．细节理解题。根据“That makes people think that ‘something’ smart, or Martians, lived on the planet. So Mars has caught a lot of our imagination”可知，人们认为火星上生活着“某种”聪明的东西，或者火星人。所以火星吸引了我们很多的想象力。故选D。
90．细节理解题。根据“Different from the 1990 one, the 2012 Total Recall showed Mars became a planet just like the earth but the people on it lived a hard life because it got less air”可知，2012年的《全面回忆》讲述了火星变成了一个像地球一样的星球，但火星上的人们生活艰难，因为那里的空气更少，故2012年的《全面回忆》展示了人们在火星上的艰苦生活。故选D。
91．细节理解题。根据“The most successful one was the 2014 novel that became the movie in 2015 of The Martian about a scientist that is left on Mars”可知，《火星救援》讲述了一位科学家被留在火星上的故事。故选B。
92．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了与火星相关的戏剧、电视电影等，故选项D“火星是许多故事、书籍、电影和电视的背景”符合。故选D。
（2022秋·广东江门·八年级江门市怡福中学校考期中）
Who is the greatest teacher in Chinese history? Many people would think of Confucius(孔子). Although he lived over 2,000 years ago. People still remember and respect him for his contribution(贡献) to the education today.
Confucius lived in the Kingdom of Lu, which lies in Shandong Province. He lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. He had a hard childhood. His father died when he was only 3. His mother brought him up. As a child, he bad to work to help bis mother, but young Confucius didn’t give up studying. He visited many famous teachers and learned music, history, poetry and sports.
Later, he became a teacher and started the first public school in Chinese history. At that time only children from noble families could go to school, but Confucius believed everyone should go to school if they wanted to learn. He had about 3,000 students in his lifetime.
Today, people still follow Confucius’ lessons. He told us that we all have something worthy to be learned. “When I am with three people, one of them must be better than me in some areas. I choose their good qualities and follow them.”
He also taught us that thinking is very important in study, “All study but no thinking makes people puzzled(困惑). All thinking but no study makes people lazy.”
Confucius is not only a great teacher, but also a famous thinker with wise thoughts about the world and society. His most important teachings are about kindness and good manners. “A person should be strict with himself, but be kind to others,” he said.
93．Confucius learned music, history, poetry and sports ________ as a child.
A．by teaching himself at home B．with the help of his mother
C．by going to school D．by visiting many famous teachers
94．The underlined word “noble” in Paragraph 3 has the closest meaning to ________.
A．poor B．bright C．rich D．cute
95．How many students did Confucius educate in his lifetime?
A．1,000. B．2,000. C．3,000. D．5,000.
96．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A．All study but no thinking makes people puzzled.
B．No one has something worthy to be learned.
C．All thinking but no study makes people lazy.
D．A person should be strict with himself, but be kind to others.
97．What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．Confucius’s lessons. B．Confucius’s life.
C．Confucius’s family. D．Confucius’s thought.
【答案】93．D 94．C 95．C 96．B 97．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国古代的思想家和教育家孔子的生平，和他在教育以及思想方面对社会的贡献。
93．细节理解题。根据第二段“He visited many famous teachers and learned music, history, poetry and sports.”可知他拜访了许多著名的老师，学习了音乐、历史、诗歌和体育。故选D。
94．词义猜测题。根据后文“but Confucius believed everyone should go to school if they wanted to learn”（但孔子认为每个人都应该上学，如果他们想学习的话）可见当时只有贵族家庭的孩子才能上学，所以“noble”应该是“富有的”的意思。故选C。
95．细节理解题。根据“He had about 3,000 students in his lifetime.”可知孔子一生大约有3000名学生。故选C。
96．推理判断题。根据“All study but no thinking makes people puzzled(困惑). All thinking but no study makes people lazy.”可知选项A和C均有提及；根据“A person should be strict with himself, but be kind to others.”可知选项D也有提及；根据“He told us that we all have something worthy to be learned.”可知，我们身上都有值得学习的东西，B项含义与之相反。故选B。
97．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了中国古代的思想家和教育家孔子的生平，和他在教育以及思想方面对社会的贡献。故选B。
（2022秋·广东佛山·八年级校考期中）
Can you sing or dance? Can you ride a unicycle（独轮脚踏车）? Can you work out a difficult math problem in a short time? Can you play the guitar upside down? Can you recite（背诵）many poems in 5 minutes? Well, if you say “Yes”, you’ve got talent（才艺）, my friend! You can show your talent at the school talent show.
Middle school talent shows take place every year. Whatever you’re good at, you have five minutes to show it to others. Children can become little celebrities in talent shows. The shy boy who spends his evenings practicing the guitar will surprise his classmates with beautiful music. The sporty girl on the soccer team will make her schoolmates surprised with her sweet singing voice. Everyone has a chance to show his or her talents.
Anyone can do almost anything in a talent show, as long as（只要）your show isn’t unfriendly or illegal（不合法的）.
On the day of the show, all the students may sit in the school gym and get ready to cheer for their classmates.
Many of today’s stars started their careers（事业）in school talent shows—Almost all of these stars showed their skills early in life. Though you may not as talented as them, you can become a star in your own right in your middle school talent shows.
98．The students have to show their talents according to the passage.
A．5 minutes B．10 minutes C．15 minutes D．25 minutes
99．What does the underlined word “celebrities” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Stars. B．Teachers. C．Scientists. D．Farmers.
100．What can’t you do in a talent show according to the passage?
A．Something usual. B．Something happy.
C．Something difficult. D．Something unfriendly.
101．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Not all students are ready to become stars.
B．Everyone can show their talents in talent shows.
C．All stars today showed their talents in middle school.
D．Not everyone can have a chance to show his or her talents.
102．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Never lose your talents
B．Work hard to be a famous star
C．Show your talent at the school talent show
D．Be ready to make friends in middle school
【答案】98．A 99．A 100．D 101．B 102．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要向大家介绍了中学才艺表演节目。
98．细节理解题。根据“Whatever you’re good at, you have five minutes to show it to others.”可知，学生有五分钟的时间向别人展示，故选A。
99．词句猜测题。根据“Children can become little celebrities in talent shows. The shy boy who spends his evenings practicing the guitar will surprise his classmates with beautiful music. The sporty girl on the soccer team will make her schoolmates surprised with her sweet singing voice. Everyone has a chance to show his or her talents.”可知，每个人都有机会展示自己的才能，所以推测孩子们可以在选秀节目中成为小名人，celebrities意为“明星”与Stars同义，故选A。
100．细节理解题。根据“Anyone can do almost anything in a talent show, as long as（只要）your show isn’t unfriendly or illegal（不合法的）.”可知，在选秀中节目不能是不友好或非法的，故选D。
101．细节理解题。根据“Everyone has a chance to show his or her talents.”可知，每个人都有机会展示自己的才能，选项B说法正确，故选B。
102．最佳标题。通读全文可知，文章主要向大家介绍了中学才艺表演节目。选项C“在学校才艺展上展示你的才华”符合题意，故选C。
（2022秋·广东惠州·八年级惠州一中校考期中）
I think that Earth Hour is a really good way to let people know that little things they do can make a big difference to the earth.
Earth Hour started in Sydney, Australia, in March 2007. Now cities all around the world join in for Earth Hour. During Earth Hour people should turn off their lights, televisions and computers to save the earth.
People save a lot of energy around the world during Earth Hour, but they should think more than one hour of energy saving. People should help the earth every hour of every day. Walking to school or the shop saves energy. Using both sides of the paper saves energy. Turning off the tap(水龙头) when you brush your teeth saves energy. When you stop and think about it, there are so many simple things people can do every day to rescue the earth.
Being part of Earth Hour connects people around the world for something good. I am going to be part of Earth Hour again next year. I hope you will be too.
103．What can we learn about Earth Hour?
A．It started in Australia.
B．It asks people to do big things.
C．It shows the importance of time.
D．It took place in many cities in 2007.
104．What should people do during Earth Hour?
A．Stay inside. B．Turn off the TV.
C．Repair their lights. D．Turn on computers.
105．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A．Why people should protect the earth.
B．When Earth Hour began.
C．What energy people can save.
D．How people can save energy every day.
106．What does the underlined word “rescue” mean?
A．build B．know C．save D．travel
107．Why does the writer write the text?
A．To tell people to save time.
B．To ask people to help the earth.
C．To help people live an easy life.
D．To connect people around the world.
【答案】103．A 104．B 105．D 106．C 107．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了地球一小时的相关信息，并呼吁人们参与地球一小时，为拯救地球做出贡献。
103．推理判断题。根据第二段“Earth Hour started in Sydney, Australia, in March 2007.”可知，地球一小时起源于澳大利亚。故选A。
104．细节理解题。根据第二段“During Earth Hour people should turn off their lights, televisions and computers to save the earth.”可知，地球一小时期间，人们应该关闭电器。故选B。
105．主旨大意题。根据第三段“People should help the earth every hour of every day.”可知，本段主要讲述人们应该怎样每天节约能源。故选D。
106．词义猜测题。根据第三段“People save a lot of energy around the world during Earth Hour, but they should think more than one hour of energy saving.”可知，人们节约能源是为了拯救地球，rescue与save近义。故选C。
107．推理判断题。根据最后一段“I am going to be part of Earth Hour again next year. I hope you will be too.”可知，作者介绍地球一小时是为了让更多人参与保护地球。故选B。
（2022秋·广东广州·八年级校考期中）
The year 2022 is a big year for sports in China. That’s because China held the 24th Winter Olympics from Feb. 4th to Feb. 20th in Beijing. What’s more, the 19th Asian Games will begin on Sept. 10th and end on Sept 25th in Hangzhou.
On Aug. 6th, 2018, the official emblem (会微) for the Hangzhou Asian Games was released (发布). The city won the hosting right for the 2022 Asian Games in 2015. It will be the third Chinese city to host the Asian Games after Beijing and Guangzhou in 1990 and 2010.
First held in 1951, the Asian Games is the largest multi-sport event in Asia. It is also quite meaningful to China. The Beijing Asian Games was the first large international sports event to be hosted by China.
To make the first Asian Games in China a great success, Chinese people worked hard to prepare for it. Beijing built a great number of roads and gyms, including the famous Beijing Olympic Sports Center and Asian Games Village. The Games helped the world see China and its achievements. Since then, China has improved its global image (国际形象).
For the 2022 Asian Games, Hangzhou started building 33 sports gyms. The themes of the Hangzhou Asian Games are “green, smart, economical (节俭) and civilized (文明)”. All the Games’ buildings will be environmentally friendly.
108．Which city was the first Chinese city to host the Asian Games?
A．Shanghai. B．Hangzhou. C．Beijing. D．Guangzhou.
109．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．The first Asian Games was held in 1990.
B．Beijing held the 24th Winter Olympics in 2022.
C．China hosted the Asian Games three times.
D．Hangzhou built a lot of roads for the 2022 Asian Games.
110．What does the underlined word “It” refer to (指代) in the third paragraph?
A．the Winter Olympics B．the Asian Games C．sport event D．Asia
111．According to the passage, how did the Beijing Asian Games affect China?
A．It improved China’s economy (经济). B．It made more visitors travel to China.
C．It helped China to get greener. D．It let the world know China more and better.
112．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．How to prepare for the Winter Olympics. B．The hosting of the Asian Games in China.
C．The history of the Asian Games in the world. D．Why China wants to host the 19th Asian Games.
【答案】108．C 109．B 110．B 111．D 112．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了亚运会在中国的举办情况以及杭州为2022亚运会所做的工作。
108．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“It will be the third Chinese city to host the Asian Games after Beijing and Guangzhou in 1990 and 2010”可知，北京是第一个举办亚运会的中国城市，故选C。
109．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“That’s because China held the 24th Winter Olympics from Feb. 4th to Feb. 20th in Beijing”可知，2022年北京举办了第24届冬奥会，故选B。
110．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段中的“First held in 1951, the Asian Games is the largest multi-sport event in Asia. It is also quite meaningful to China.”可知，亚运会于1951年首次举行，是亚洲最大的多项目运动会。这对中国也很有意义。“It”指代的是亚运会。故选B。
111．细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“The Games helped the world see China and its achievements. Since then, China has improved its global image (国际形象)”可知，北京亚运会让世界更多更好地了解中国，故选D。
112．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了亚运会在中国的举办情况，故选B。
（2022秋·广东揭阳·八年级统考期中）
Dumplings are one of the Chinese people’s favorite traditional dishes. According to an ancient Chinese legend: dumplings were first made by the medical saint（医圣）—Zhang Zhongjing.
There are three steps in making dumplings:
1）make dumpling wrappers out of dumpling flour;
2）prepare the dumpling stuffing;
3）make dumplings and boil them.
There’s an old saying, “Nothing could be more delicious than dumplings. ”During the Spring Festival and other holidays, or when treating relatives and friends, Chinese people like to follow the auspicious custom（吉祥的习俗）of eating dumplings.
Having dumplings is an essential（基本的）part of welcome the new year in many parts of China.
113．Who first made the dumplings?
A．Qin Xiaogong. B．Zu Zhichong. C．Li Bai. D．Zhang Zhongjing.
114．What should we do first if we want to make the dumplings?
A．Make dumplings and boil them. B．Prepare the dumpling stuffing.
C．Make dumpling wrappers out of dumpling flour. D．Eating.
115．When may Chinese make the dumplings?
A．Treating relatives and friends. B．On Thanksgiving.
C．They don’t make it. D．Not many times.
116．The underlined words “saying” in this passage means ________.
A．教诲 B．谚语 C．说话 D．课程
117．Where may the article（文章）be from?
A．Newspaper. B．Food magazine C．Storybook. D．Bookstore.
【答案】113．D 114．C 115．A 116．B 117．B
【导语】本文讲述了中国人最喜欢的传统美食——水饺，涉及水饺的来源、制作过程以及意义。
113．细节理解题。根据“According to an ancient Chinese legend: dumplings were first made by the medical saint（医圣）—Zhang Zhongjing.”可知。是张仲景第一次制作的水饺，故选D。
114．细节理解题。根据“There are three steps in making dumplings:1）make dumpling wrappers out of dumpling flour;”可知，制作饺子的第一步是用面粉做饺子皮，故选C。
115．细节理解题。根据“During the Spring Festival and other holidays, or when treating relatives and friends, Chinese people like to follow the auspicious custom（吉祥的习俗）of eating dumplings.”可知，当春节或者款待亲戚朋友时，会吃饺子。故选A。
116．词句猜测题。根据下文“Nothing could be more delicious than dumplings.”可知，这是一句民间谚语。故选B。
117．推理判断题。根据“Nothing could be more delicious than dumplings.”可知，本文在讲述中国人最喜欢的传统美食——水饺，所以推断在食品杂志上可能会出现这篇文章。故选B。
（2022春·广东深圳·八年级校考期中）
More than 2,000 years ago, a favorite wife of Emperor (皇帝) Wu of the Han Dynasty died of illness. The emperor missed her so much that he didn’t want to do anything. One day, a minister (大臣) saw children playing with dolls. The shadows on the floor were interesting. The smart minister had an idea. He made a puppet of the favorite wife and painted it. As night fell, he asked the emperor to watch a puppet show behind a curtain. The emperor was very happy and became interested in it. In this way, puppet shows began.
Shadow puppets were first made of paper, later from the hides of donkeys (驴皮). That’s why their Chinese name is pi ying. Shadow puppet plays were very popular during the Tang and Song Dynasties in many parts of China.
Today, shadow puppet plays face extinction like other traditional art forms such as Nuo Drama. We should do something to protect them. Shadow puppet plays in Shaanxi are the most famous. The Academy Gate Cultural Street in Xi’an is a wonderful place for you to choose shadow puppets. Here you can choose from hundreds of figures (人物) in different sizes and poses (姿势).
118．What helped the minister have the idea of shadow puppets?
A．His wife’s painting. B．A movie behind a curtain.
C．The shadows of some trees. D．Children playing with dolls.
119．Why did the minister make a puppet show?
A．To make the emperor happy. B．To remember Emperor Wu.
C．To celebrate New Year. D．To make his life interesting.
120．What do the underlined words “face extinction” mean?
A．Will save. B．Will disappear. C．Will begin. D．Will be popular.
121．What can visitors do in the Academy Gate Cultural Street in Xi’an?
A．Make their own shadow puppets. B．Enjoy the delicious traditional food.
C．Choose shadow puppets. D．Know more traditional art forms.
122．Why did the writer write the passage?
A．To let us enjoy shadow puppet plays. B．To show what shadow puppets were made of.
C．To show how shadow puppets were made. D．To introduce an ancient Chinese art form.
【答案】118．D 119．A 120．B 121．C 122．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了皮影戏的起源和现状。
118．细节理解题。根据“One day, a minister (大臣) saw children playing with dolls. The shadows on the floor were interesting. The smart minister had an idea.”可知，该大臣看到孩子们玩娃娃，地板上的影子很有趣，才有了皮影戏的想法。故选D。
119．推理判断题。根据“The emperor missed her so much that he didn’t want to do anything.”和“The emperor was very happy and became interested in it.”可知，皇帝知道了这个皮影戏之后很开心，充满了兴趣。因此可推测，大臣做这个是为了让皇帝高兴。故选A。
120．词句猜测题。根据“We should do something to protect them.”可推测出，皮影戏即将“消失”，因此我们要采取措施保护他们。故选B。
121．推理判断题。根据“The Academy Gate Cultural Street in Xi’an is a wonderful place for you to choose shadow puppets.”可知，在西安书院门文化街可以选皮影戏。故选C。
122．推理判断题。整篇文章的内容都在介绍皮影戏，因此可推出，作者的目的是为了介绍中国传统艺术“皮影戏”。故选D。
（2022秋·广东揭阳·八年级揭阳市实验中学校考期中）
There are many different places to eat in Switzerland. There are some fast-food restaurants, self-service restaurants and family restaurants. There are also some nice and expensive restaurants. Choosing where to eat is an “experience”.
Food is more expensive in Switzerland than that in most of other countries in Europe. It is much more expensive than in the USA．In Switzerland if you go to fast-food restaurant, you may easily spend up to 10 CHF（瑞士法郎） for hamburger, a soft drink and cup of coffee. In a family restaurant, a meal usually costs you between 15 CHF and 50 CHF. Self-service restaurants are less expensive. At a nice restaurant, one person can pay as much as 1,000 CHF just for a bottle of wine.
In Switzerland a usual dinner always has all kinds of noodles, vegetables, meat, fish and seafood. Potatoes are used in many different ways. Vegetarian meals （素食饭菜） are also popular now. This means that salads are very popular. The most important part of dinner is the dessert. Cheese, cakes and cookies are the most popular desserts.
123．What does the underlined word “self-service” mean in Chinese?
A．服务 B．自助 C．优质服务 D．无人售货
124．How is the food in Switzerland according to the second paragraph?
A．It tastes very good.
B．It is much cheaper than most of other countries in Europe.
C．It is almost the most expensive in Europe.
D．It has the most kinds of food in Europe.
125．Which is the most expensive restaurant in Switzerland?
A．A fast-food restaurant. B．A family restaurant
C．A self-service restaurant. D．A nice restaurant.
126．What is the most important part of a Switzerland dinner?
A．The salad. B．Vegetables. C．The meat. D．The dessert.
127．What does the passage talk about?
A．Something about eating in Switzerland. B．Food is more expensive in Switzerland.
C．Vegetarian meals are popular in Switzerland. D．Good restaurants in Switzerland.
【答案】123．B 124．C 125．D 126．D 127．A
【导语】本文主要是介绍瑞士的餐饮。
123．词句猜测题。根据“There are some fast-food restaurants, self-service restaurants and family restaurants.”可知，有一些快餐店、自助餐厅和家庭餐厅，可推测self-service意为“自助”，故选B。
124．推理判断题。根据“Food is more expensive in Switzerland than that in most of other countries in Europe.”可知，瑞士的食物比欧洲其他大多数国家的食物都贵，说明瑞士的食物在欧洲几乎最贵，故选C。
125．推理判断题。根据“In Switzerland if you go to fast-food restaurant, you may easily spend up to 10 CHF（瑞士法郎） … At a nice restaurant, one person can pay as much as 1,000 CHF just for a bottle of wine.”可知，在一家好的餐厅，一瓶红酒要付1,000瑞士法郎，比其他餐厅的全部餐费都要贵，故选D。
126．细节理解题。根据“The most important part of dinner is the dessert.”可知，瑞士晚餐最重要的部分是甜品，故选D。
127．主旨大意题。根据“There are many different places to eat in Switzerland.”以及下文介绍可知，本文主要是讨论瑞士的饮食，故选A。
（2022秋·广东中山·八年级校联考期中）
Have you noticed your life becoming a little easier? Now, when you go to a certain shopping mall, you can enjoy its free Wi-Fi there. When you want to take a taxi, you can book one with your phone. In fact, all these can be seen as the basic parts of a smart city. The idea of a smart city was brought up by the US company BM in 2010. Generally, a smart city is a city that uses digital technologies （数字科技） such as the Internet to improve city planning, save money and resources, and make our life convenient. How smart can a city be? Here are some great examples that we can learn from.
In 2009, Dubuque became the first smart city in the US. The city used smart water meters （水表） to take the place of traditional water meters. They can detect （探测） water waste and leakage and send data （数据） to let the house owner know. The same system is used for other city resources like electricity and natural gas. This way, people know how they use their resources and are glad to help reduce waste.
Santander in Spain also gives us a look at the future. If people point a phone toward a nearby bus stop, the phone immediately shows all bus lines that serve the stop as well as their arrival times. The government organized a research team and provided an app （应用程序） that collects data on almost everything : light, temperature, and the movements of cars and people. Opening the app near a supermarket provides immediate information on special.
128．What might people not do in the smart cities mentioned in the passage ?
A．Booking a taxi with their phones.
B．Using the Internet without paying at any place.
C．Using digital technologies to make a better plan for the city.
D．Using a phone to check the arrival times of the buses.
129．The underlined word “ convenient ” is the closest to the meaning of ________.
A．useful B．normal C．suitable D．easy
130．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A．Digital technologies are only used in smart phones.
B．An English company first raised the idea of a smart city.
C．The smart water meters can help to reduce the water waste.
D．A smart city is still an idea and hasn’t come into being.
131．The example of Santander shows the use of smart systems in some aspects（方面）EXCEPT ______.
A．business B．health care C．traffic controlling D．public transportation
132．What is the main idea of the passage ?
A．Digital technologies help improve city planning.
B．Smart cities will make our future life better and smarter.
C．Smart cities are very common in both Dubuque and Santander.
D．Spain and the USA take the leading position in building smart cities.
【答案】128．B 129．D 130．C 131．B 132．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了智能城市为生活所带来的便捷。
128．细节理解题。根据“When you want to take a taxi, you can book one with your phone.”“a smart city is a city that uses digital technologies （数字科技） such as the Internet to improve city planning”“the phone immediately shows all bus lines that serve the stop as well as their arrival times”可知，你想坐出租车的时候，可以用手机叫车；使用互联网可以改善城市规划；手机立刻显示公交路线的站台和到站时间，选项B“任何地方免费使用互联网”没有提到。故选B。
129．词句猜测题。根据“a smart city is a city that uses digital technologies （数字科技） such as the Internet to improve city planning, save money and resources”可知，这样会使人们的生活更便利，故推断convenient的意思是“便利的”，D项easy“容易的”与其意思相近。故选D。
130．推理判断题。根据“They can detect （探测） water waste and leakage and send data （数据） to let the house owner know.”可知，智能水表能减少水的浪费。故选C。
131．细节理解题。根据“The government organized a research team and provided an app （应用程序） that collects data on almost everything : light, temperature, and the movements of cars and people. Opening the app near a supermarket provides immediate information on special.”可知，没有提到智能系统在健康管理方面的应用。故选B。
132．主旨大意题。根据全文可知，本文以Dubuque和Santander为例介绍了智能城市运用数字科技改善城市规格，在各方面给人们的生活带来便捷，故文章的主题应该是“智能城市会使我们未来的生活更好更智慧”。故选B。
（2022秋·广东东莞·八年级东莞市厚街海月学校校考期中）
Mona Island is a fascinating place to take a vacation. There are beautiful beaches. The sea around the island has colorful fishes.
Mona Island is very small. The government of Puerto Rico (波多黎各政府) takes care of the island and makes it a natural reserve. The government does a lot to save the island’s animals and plants. Mona Island is different from most places because people can’t live there. Only a few park workers are able to stay.
The park workers’ job is to keep Mona Island safe and wonderful. People must follow the rules on the island. One rule is that only 100 people at a time can visit the island. That way, the park workers can make sure the land and animals are safe.
On the island, visitors can go to see Mona Island iguanas (鬣蜥). They live only on Mona Island. Also, visitors can come to the island to have a close look at many kinds of fishes. They can dive (潜水) far below the surface (表面) . Through the clear water, visitors can see the bright colors of the fishes.
After a full day of fun activities, visitors can take a rest and watch the stars in the sky. The stars are easier to see. Visitors say that watching the stars is wonderful. It’s the excellent end to a wonderful day.
133．The underlined word “reserve” in the passage means “________” in Chinese.
A．休息区 B．保护区 C．风景区 D．游览区
134．Only 100 people at a time can visit the island so that ________.
A．more park workers are able to stay on Mona Island
B．the park workers can keep Mona Island safe and wonderful
C．the park workers can keep the land and animals safe
D．the visitors can enjoy all the fun activities on the island
135．What can’t visitors do on Mona Island?
A．Living on the island for a few days. B．Going to see Mona Island iguanas.
C．Looking at different fishes closely. D．Diving far below the surface of the sea.
136．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A．Mona Island is a large island. B．Iguanas live only on Mona Island.
C．It’s easier to see stars on Mona Island. D．The sea around Mona Island is clear.
137．What’s the best title for the passage?
A．Mona Island—the Best Place to Save Animals
B．Mona Island—a Good Place to Watch Stars
C．Mona Island—an Excellent Place to Watch Fishes
D．Mona Island—a Wonderful Place to Take a Vacation
【答案】133．B 134．C 135．A 136．A 137．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了度假胜地莫纳岛的美景。
133．词句猜测题。根据“The government does a lot to save the island’s animals and plants.(政府为拯救莫纳岛上的动植物做了很多工作)”可知，政府使莫纳岛成为自然保护区，且为拯救动植物做了很多事。划线部分“reserve”意为“保护区”。故选B。
134．细节理解题。根据“That way, the park workers can make sure the land and animals are safe.”可知目的是确保土地和动物的安全。故选C。
135．细节理解题。根据“On the island, visitors can go to see Mona Island iguanas (鬣蜥). They live only on Mona Island. Also, visitors can come to the island to have a close look at many kinds of fishes. They can dive (潜水) far below the surface (表面) . Through the clear water, visitors can see the bright colors of the fishes.”可知人们在岛上可以：去看莫纳岛的鬣蜥、近距离观赏各种鱼类和潜到水面以下。不可以在岛上住几天。故选A。
136．细节理解题。根据“Mona Island is very small.”可知莫纳岛很小。故选A。
137．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了度假胜地莫纳岛的美景。故选D。
（2022秋·广东深圳·八年级深圳市西乡中学校考期中）
If you have some free time, will you watch an enjoyable short video or read an interesting story? If you can only choose one from the two, what should you do?
The video may be your better choice（选择）. We are now living in a modern world. With the development of science and technology, almost everything in our life becomes smart. These years, watching videos online is becoming more and more popular. You can see many people watching short videos on the bus or the subway in order to relax after a day’s work. However the number of people reading words is getting smaller. Some people are afraid that videos will one day take the place of words. But will it really happen?
Videos can in fact help us get new information more quickly. But can they help us learn about the ancient（古老的）world very well? Many stories in history are in words. We can truly learn about what people did many years ago through reading these words.
Short videos are a kind of “instant culture”. They come into and leave our minds like flying cars. We often want to look for the second video at once after finishing watching one. But can we always remember what these videos are about? When we read a long story well, we often remember what it is about. Words also let us use our imagination, but videos don’t.
In a word, videos can change the way people learn about the world and the way they have fun, but words will never go away. Words will be like stars shining from the past to the future.
138．How does the writer introduce the topic?
A．By asking questions. B．By giving numbers. C．By telling stories. D．By comparing facts.
139．What can we know from Paragraph 2?
A．People’s worry now. B．Popular short video apps.
C．The reason for reading words. D．Things we learn from watching short videos.
140．What does the underlined word “instant” most probably mean?
A．Funny. B．Healthy. C．Famous. D．Fast.
141．What can videos do according to the writer?
①Change how we know about our world.        ②Let us use our imagination.
③Change how we enjoy ourselves.        ④Shine like stars all the time.
A．②③ B．①③ C．②④ D．①④
142．What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．Videos can’t really take the place of words.
B．Words are less useful and more boring than videos.
C．Watching videos—A more popular way to have fun.
D．Reading words—A better way to learn about ourselves.
【答案】138．A 139．A 140．D 141．B 142．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了短视频文化，人们在休闲时间选择短视频的原因，以及它无法取代文本的观点。
138．细节理解题。根据第一段“If you can only choose one from the two, what should you do?”可知，作者在通过提问的方式让读者去选择，从而引出短视频这个话题。故选A。
139．细节理解题。根据第二段“Some people are afraid that videos will one day take the place of words.”可知，人们害怕文本将会被短视频取代，这也是人们的担忧。故选A。
140．词义猜测题。根据第四段“They come into and leave our minds like flying cars.”可知，短视频就像飞驰的汽车，在我们的脑海中来去匆忙，由此可见这是一种“速食文化”，说明“instant”在此处表示与“快速”相关的意思。故选D。
141．细节理解题。根据最后一段“videos can change the way people learn about the world and the way they have fun”可知，短视频改变了人们了解世界和让自己快乐的方式。故选B。
142．文章主旨题。根据最后一段“In a word, videos can change the way people learn about the world and the way they have fun, but words will never go away.”可知，短视频虽然改变了人们了解世界和让自己快乐的方式，但文本却永远不会离开。因此判断本文主要讲了文本不会被取代。故选A。