四川省射洪中学2023-2024学年高二英语强基班上学期9月月考试题（Word版附解析）

高2022级强基班高二上期第一次学月考试

英语试题

时间：120分钟    满分：150分

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。

第I卷

第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.How was the man’s vacation?

A.Pleasant.    B.Exhausting.    C.Terrible.

2.When is the project due?

A.In one week.    B.In two weeks.    C.At the end of this semester.

3.Where does the conversation take place?

A.In a cafe.    B.On a plane.    C.In an office.

4.What is Mr. Oliver like?

A.Polite.    B.Helpful.    C.Frank.

5.What do we know about Jane?

A.She is often late.    B.She is a bad driver.    C.She hates waiting.

第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项并标在试卷相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.What does the woman want the man to do?

A.Put off spring break.   

B.See some western art.   

C.Drive her to the exhibit.

7.What is the relationship between the speakers?

A.Taxi driver and Passenger.  

B.Brother and Sister.   

C.Mother and Son.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8.What happened to the woman?

A.She was robbed.  

B.Her house was broken into.  

C.She lost her purse somewhere.

9.What color is the woman’s purse?

A.Blue.    B.Yellow.      C.Red.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10What does the man want to do?

A.He wants to withdraw his money.     

B.He wants to open an account.

C.He wants to buy some products.

11.Which of the statement is true?

A.A Silver account can provide a interest rate of 5%.

B.A Gold account allows the card holder to withdraw money at any time.

C.A minimum of $500 deposit is needed for both silver and gold account.

12.Why does the man have to come back tomorrow?

A.He is not interested in the product.         

B.He doesn’t have enough money.

C.He forgets to take any proofs of ID.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13.Which game does the man like best?

A.Chinese chess.    B.Cards.    C.Bridge.

14.What does the woman think of Chinese chess?

A.Complicated.    B.Simple.    C.Boring.

15.Why does the woman only play bridge occasionally?

A.She doesn’t like it.    B.She isn’t good at it.     C.It’s hard to find four players.

16.What does the man look forward to?

A.Learning to play bridge.                

B.Setting up a cards game.

C.Arranging a bridge game with the woman.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题

17.How long has the zoo been open?

A.For about 60 years.    B.For about 110 years.    C.For about 120 years.

18.What is a feature of the zoo?

A.It has the largest collection of animals.   

B.The animals are displayed without cages.

C.It covers an area of 120 hectares.

19.What is forbidden in the zoo?

A.Opening the cages.    B.Feeding the animals.    C.Playing with animals.

20.When does the zoo close on weekends?

A.At 4:00 p.m.    B.At 5:00 p.m.    C.At 6:00 p.m.

第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）

第一节 (共15题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

A few extraordinary female singer-songwriters from the 1970s helped form music as we know it today, and continue to inspire so many with their soulful melodies(旋律).

Joni Mitchell

Joni Mitchell’s influence goes beyond her own generation. Her earnest songwriting continues to be a source of inspiration for many, who acknowledge her position as a pioneer of female expression in music.

The 1971 album Blue showed Joni’s truthful self, telling the stories of her experiences in life and in love. Blue was later chosen by the New York Times as one of the 25 albums that represented “turning points and the highest points in 20th-century popular music”.

Carole King

Carole King wrote or co-wrote over 118 hits between 1955 and 1999, making her the most successful female songwriter in the second half of the 20th century. However, King initially found herself less recognized than her husband and writing partner at the time, Gerry Goffin.

As the 1970s arrived, so did Carole King in full bloom. Now pursuing a solo career, 1971 saw the release (发行)of her album Tapestry. The album was highly significant, not only commercially but symbolically.

Joan Armatrading

Still in the 1970s but putting in the work on this side of the pond, Joan Armatrading became the first black British female artist to achieve international praise.

Joan’s place as a female pioneer in music continued as she became the first UK female artist to be nominated (提名)for a Grammy in the blues category, going on to receive two further nominations. An artist who is confident with who she is and what she wants to create, Armatrading famously keeps her private life to herself and lets her music do the talking.

1. What is the album Blue about?

A. Female wisdom.

B. Female creativity.

C. Joni’s musical dream.

D. Joni’s life experiences.

2. When was King’s album Tapestry available to the public?

A. In 1955. B. In 1999.

C. In 1970. D. In 1971.

3. Which of the following best describes Joan Armatrading?

A. Brave. B. Self-confident.

C. Odd. D. Unsociable.

【答案】1. D    2. D    3. B

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了20世纪70年代几位杰出的女歌手和作曲家。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据Joni Mitchell下面第二段部分的介绍“The 1971 album Blue showed Joni’s truthful self, telling the stories of her experiences in life and in love.(这张1971年的Blue专辑展示了Joni真实的自我，讲述了她在生活和爱情中的经历)”可知，Blue这张专辑是关于Joni的生活经历的。故选D。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据Carole King下面第二段部分的介绍“1971 saw the release (发行) of her album Tapestry.(她的专辑Tapestry在1971年发行)”可知，公众可以在1971年购买她的专辑Tapestry。故选D。

【3题详解】

推理判断题。根据Joan Armatrading下面的介绍“An artist who is confident with who she is and what she wants to create, Armatrading famously keeps her private life to herself and lets her music do the talking.(一个对自己和自己想要创造的东西充满自信的艺术家, 众所周知，Armatrading从不公布她的私人生活，只让她的音乐来说话)”可知，Armatrading是一个很自信的人。故选B。

B

If you’re like me, patience is a virtue that doesn’t come without effort. It takes a lot of practice, and I’m devoting a year to the pursuit. Patience is my word for 2022. Maybe you’ re still trying to settle on yours, and I’d love to hear about it.

I picked patience one Saturday after my daughter Evie had pressed the “Can I call you later?” auto reply instead of answering her cell phone. Twice. I’d waited a couple hours in between calls, and that was after having texted her first thing that morning just to say hi. Worry built while I cleaned the fish tank, slightly admiring the simple aquatic life.

Evie was a college student, living off campus with three roommates. They looked out for one another, all were smart and careful, and I had no reason to think Evie was in real trouble. But maybe she’d had a spat with one of her friends or was running low on money. Maybe she was drowning in schoolwork. I imagined a million what-ifs. Weren’t cell phones made to put a parent’s mind at ease? Evie was going to get a mouthful when she finally found a free minute to tell me that I didn’t need to worry.

I filled the aquarium with fresh water, and my impatience reached the top as well. The fish swam laps in the crystal-clear tank. I wished I were more like these peaceful angels living in the moment. Evie finally called late that night. She was at a party but wanted to catch me before I went to bed. “Sorry, Mom. Today was so busy and great!” I told her that was just what I had imagined. I didn’t mention that I was practicing a whole new way to wait.

4. Why did the author become worried at the beginning?

A. Evie’s roommates treated her unkindly. B. Evie forgot to say hello to her as usual.

C. Something went wrong with her fish. D. She couldn’t reach Evie on the phone.

5. What does the underlined phrase “had a spat” in paragraph 3 mean?

A. Chatted. B. Shopped. C. Quarreled. D. Played.

6. What do we know about Evie?

A. She spent that Saturday with her friends. B. She lived with her classmates in the dorm.

C. She failed to ring back her mom in the end. D. She had trouble returning to school timely.

7. What’s the text mainly about?

A. A college student’s busy academic life. B. The importance of patience in daily life.

C. The author’s favorite word for 2022. D. A mother’s deep love for her daughter.

【答案】4. D    5. C    6. A    7. D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了周六，作者找不到女儿Evie，女儿不接电话，这让作者非常担心。但最后女儿打来电话报告行踪，作者却没有提到自己有多担心她。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中“I picked patience one Saturday after my daughter Evie had pressed the “Can I call you later?” auto reply instead of answering her cell phone. Twice. I’d waited a couple hours in between calls, and that was after having texted her first thing that morning just to say hi.(一个星期六，在我女儿Evie按下“我能晚点打给你吗？”自动回复，而不是接手机。两次。我在两个电话之间等了几个小时，那是在早上给她发短信问候之后)”可知，作者一开始会担心是因为她打电话找不到Evie。故选D。

【5题详解】

词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“I had no reason to think Evie was in real trouble(我没有理由认为伊维真的遇到麻烦了)”以及后文“with one of her friends or was running low on money”可知，but表示转折，说明作者开始想象女儿和朋友发生了争吵，或者手头没钱了。故画线词意思是“争吵”。故选C。

【6题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Evie finally called late that night. She was at a party but wanted to catch me before I went to bed.( Evie那天深夜终于打来了电话。她在一个聚会上，但想在我睡觉前找到我)”可知，Evie和朋友一起度过了那个星期六。故选A。

【7题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段“If you’re like me, patience is a virtue that doesn’t come without effort. It takes a lot of practice, and I’m devoting a year to the pursuit. Patience is my word for 2022. Maybe you’ re still trying to settle on yours, and I’d love to hear about it.(如果你像我一样，耐心是一种美德，它不会不劳而获。这需要大量的练习，我花了一年的时间来追求。耐心是我2022年的用词。 也许你还在努力确定你的计划，我很想听听)”以及最后一段中“I didn’t mention that I was practicing a whole new way to wait.(我没说我在练习一种全新的等待方式)”结合文章主要讲述了周六，作者找不到女儿Evie，女儿不接电话，这让作者非常担心。但最后女儿打来电话报告行踪，作者却没有提到自己有多担心她。可知，这篇文章主要讲的是母亲对女儿的深爱。故选D。

C

Art is everywhere. Any public space has been carefully designed by an artistic mind to be both functional and beautiful. Why, then, is art still so widely considered to be "the easy subject" at school, insignificant to wider society, a waste of time and effort?

Art can connect culture with commercial products in a way that not many other things can; art generates money and holds significant emotional and cultural value within communities. When people attend a concert, they are paying for music, sure, maybe even hotel rooms, meals, and transport, but they also gain an incredible experience, a unique atmosphere and a memory that will go through the rest of their lives. People don't just want material things anymore, they want to experience life---the arts are a perfect cross over between culture and commerce.

Furthermore, the arts can bring communities together, reducing loneliness and making people feel safer. Social bonds are created among individuals when they share their arts experiences through reflection and discussion, and their expression of common values through artworks in honour of events significant to a nation's experience.

The arts clearly have a pretty positive impact on physical and psychological health. It is found that people who frequent cultural places or participate in artistic events are more likely to gain good health compared to those who do not; more engagement with the arts is linked to a higher level of people’s wellbeing. The Royal Society of Public Health discovered that music and art, when used in hospitals, help to improve the conditions of patients by reducing stress, anxiety and blood pressure.

Children who are involved with the arts make greater achievements in their education: those engaged with drama have greater literary ability while others taking part in musical practice exhibit greater skills in math and languages. Kids with preference for the arts have a greater chance of finding employment in the future. Participating in the arts is essential for child development; encouraging children to express themselves in constructive ways could help to form healthy emotional responses in later life.

Vital to human life, art is celebrated and used by nations across the world for various purposes. Life without art would be boring and dead still, for art is a part of what makes us human.

8. Art products differ from most other commercial products because_____ .

A. most people purchase them for collection

B. they are more expensive and less accessible

C. they have both commercial and cultural values

D. their prices may climb up as time passes

9. What can we learn about people who are involved in artistic activities?

A. They enjoy better living conditions.

B. They like to compare themselves with others.

C. They are particularly good at both music and art.

D. They tend to be healthier physically and mentally.

10. How does kids' engagement with the arts benefit them?

A. It promotes their academic performance and emotional growth.

B. It gives them more confidence in exhibiting their learning skills.

C. It inspires their creativity in designing their future career.

D. It helps to make responsible people out of them.

11. What is the best title for this passage?

A. How Art Cures Our Hearts

B. Art: A Blessing to Humankind

C. How Art Benefits Communities

D. Art: A Bridge Between Cultures

【答案】8. C    9. D    10. A    11. B

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了艺术这一活动对人类的重要意义，是我们不可或缺的社会生活之一，从赋予商品商业价值，人类的身心健康和青少年的学术和情感的发展等方面论述了艺术的重要意义。

【8题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段第二句话“Any public space has been carefully designed by an artistic mind to be both functional and beautiful.(任何公共空间都是由艺术头脑精心设计的，既实用又美观)”以及第二段一句话“Art can connect culture with commercial products in a way that not many other things can;(艺术可以将文化与商业产品联系起来，这是许多其他事物无法做到的)”可知，艺术参与的作品兼具文化价值和商业价值。故选C。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段第二句话“It is found that people who frequent cultural places or participate in artistic events are more likely to gain good health compared to those who do not;(研究发现，经常去文化场所或参加艺术活动的人比不经常去的人更有可能获得健康)”可知，参加艺术活动的人们在身心上都相对更加健康。故选D。

【10题详解】

细节理解题。根据第五段第一句话“Children who are involved with the arts make greater achievements in their education: those engaged with drama have greater literary ability while others taking part in musical practice exhibit greater skills in math and languages. (参与艺术的孩子在教育中取得了更大的成就：那些参与戏剧的孩子有更大的文学能力，而其他参与音乐练习的孩子在数学和语言方面表现出更高的技能)”以及最后一句话“encouraging children to express themselves in constructive ways could help to form healthy emotional responses in later life.(鼓励孩子以建设性的方式表达自己，有助于在以后的生活中形成健康的情绪反应)”可知，艺术活动促进了孩子们的学业表现和情感成长。故选A。

【11题详解】

主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Vital to human life, art is celebrated and used by nations across the world for various purposes. Life without art would be boring and dead still, for art is a part of what makes us human.(艺术对人类生活至关重要，世界各国都在为各种目的庆祝和使用艺术。没有艺术的生活会枯燥乏味，死气沉沉，因为艺术是使我们成为人类的一部分)”可知，艺术是人类重要的部分，文章也详细描述了艺术对不同的人群的好处。所以文章的标题为“艺术：人类的福祉”。故选B。

D

Blood-Doping Champion

Blood doping (违规输血) to improve performance is forbidden in professional sports. Athletes can use this technique to fuel their muscles with more oxygen-carrying red blood cells—for example, by receiving a transfusion. But many animals dope naturally: sheep, fishes and horses can boost their blood’s capacity to carry oxygen by 16 to 74 percent in physically demanding situations. Now a study shows that an Antarctic fish called the bald notothen can increase its carrying capacity by more than 200 percent to pursue an active life in cold waters.

Like most fishes native to Antarctica, the bald notothen’s blood contains anti-freeze proteins that help it withstand extreme cold. But these proteins, along with red blood cells (RBCs), can make blood sticky and hard to circulate. Some Antarctic fishes adapt by removing RBCs altogether, absorbing oxygen directly from the water via skin as they passively await prey (猎物). Bald notothens, however, actively swim below surface ice to chase other active life when avoiding seals and penguins. For this behavior, “you need to supply more oxygen to the muscles,” says Michael Axelsson, a physiologist at the University of Gothenburg in Sweden and co-author of the new study.

The scientists compared RBC levels in samples collected from bald notothens relaxing in glass tanks with those in samples drawn from fish they “chased” using a plastic tube. RBC levels were at 9 percent in the resting animals but 27 percent in the exercised ones, showing a 207 percent increase in the latter’s blood oxygen carrying capacity. “No other fish we’ve seen can more than double their RBCs or drop their numbers to such a low level when resting,” Axelsson says. The fish’s spleen (脾) stores RBCs, and the researcher found that to release more into the bloodstream, the organ shrinks to weigh 41 percent less.

The enormous changes in RBC levels initially surprised Gerald Kooyman, a biologist at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, who was not involved in the study. He notes, however, that these animals have fewer blood cells to begin with, so maintaining circulation with a tripled RBC count is less difficult. If a diving Weddell seal pushed its RBC levels from 40 to 90 percent, for instance, its blood would be dangerously hard to pump.

Yet bald notothens do face trade-offs for their ability. The scientists found blood pressure was 12 percent higher and the heart worked 30 percent harder in active individuals. Bald notothens can rest during quiet times, but when they need to use their abilities, Axelsson says, “these fish have to live with more RBCs because they need more oxygen.”

12. Compared with most fishes native to Antarctica, what is special about the bald notothen?

A. Its blood contains anti-freeze proteins.

B. It can absorb oxygen directly from water via is skin.

C. Its red blood cells can make blood sticky and hard to circulate.

D. It actively swims below surface ice when chasing other active life.

13. What does “those” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A. RBC levels. B. Scientists.

C. Glass tanks. D. Fishes.

14. It can be inferred from the last two paragraphs that ________.

A. the RBC levels in seals can increase from 40 to 90 percent

B. bald notothens’ blood pressure are 12 percent higher than other fishes

C. when bald notothens chase active life, there are more RBCs in their bodies

D. Gerald Kooyman, a marine biologist provided some suggestions on this study

15. What is the main purpose of the passage?

A. To explain study methods on fishes.

B. To introduce some findings about a fish.

C. To present a way to improve athletes’ performance.

D. To raise people’s awareness to protect bald notothens.

【答案】12. D    13. A    14. C    15. B

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了科学家发现了违规增血的王者——南极秃头鱼，这种鱼可以将血液的携氧能力提高200%以上。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段“however, actively swim below surface ice to chase other active life when avoiding seals and penguins.”（然而，这种南极秃头鱼在躲避海豹和企鹅时，会主动游到冰下追逐其他活跃的生命）可知，这种南极秃头鱼与其他南极鱼类不同的是在追逐其他活跃的海洋生物时，它在冰下积极活跃游动，故选D。

【13题详解】

词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句“The scientists compared RBC levels in samples collected from bald notothens relaxing in glass tanks with those in samples drawn from fish they “chased” using a plastic tube.”（科学家们比较了在玻璃容器中放松的南极秃头鱼和他们用塑料管追赶的秃头鱼的红细胞水平）可知，科学家们在对比放松的南极秃头鱼和活动的南极秃头鱼的红细胞水平，由此可知，those指代的是上文提到的RBC levels（红细胞水平），故选A。

【14题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段“Bald notothens can rest during quiet times, but when they need to use their abilities, Axelsson says, “these fish have to live with more RBCs because they need more oxygen.””（阿克塞尔松说，南极秃头鱼在不动的时候可以休息，但当它们需要使用它们的能力时，这些鱼必须产生更多的红细胞，因为它们需要更多的氧气）可知，当南极秃头鱼追逐活跃的生命时，它们体内会产生更多的红细胞，故选C。

【15题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段的“Now a study shows that an Antarctic fish called the bald notothen can increase its carrying capacity by more than 200 percent to pursue an active life in cold waters.(现在一项研究表明，一种被称为秃头的南极鱼的携氧能力能够提高200%以上，以便在冷水中追求活跃的生活。)”以及下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了科学家发现了违规增血的王者——南极秃头鱼，这种鱼可以将血液的携氧能力提高200%以上，因此这篇文章的目的是介绍关于一种鱼类的新发现，故选B。

第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Social bond of animals

Friendship is an important part of human life. Friends can share our joys and our hardships. We aren’t alone. ____16____

Recently, a British research team finished an eight-year study of Indo-Pacific dolphins off the coast of-Western Australia. These dolphins can use different tools to search for food. ____17____ Other factors, like family closeness, have no impact on this relationship.

“It suggests that dolphins form social bonds based on shared interests,” UK biologist Simon Allen told Science Daily. “Using different tools is time-consuming for dolphins to cooperate.”

Apart from dolphins, elephants, horses and bats are also known to form friendships. ____18____

Of course not, The Atlantic reported. In 2015, a goat was originally left in a tiger’s enclosure (围场) as a meal. ____19____ The Atlantic said it’s not unusual among captive (圈禁的) animals. That’s because in captivity, animals don’t need to spend much time and energy marking their territory or looking for mates the way they would in the wild. They are actually more likely to feel bored. “In this particular situation, the animal’s motivation to engage socially and playfully may be higher than eating.”

____20____ Take bats as an example. In 2011, scientists found bats prefer to hang out with a few certain friends, keeping loose ties to the rest of their group.

Humans aren’t so different. “We do not work, play and live together with the same friends all the time,” Swiss zoologist Gerald Kerth explained. “But nevertheless, we are able to maintain long term relationships... despite our often highly dynamic social lives.”

A. Many different animals also make friends.

B. Are friendships only limited to the same species?

C. Dolphins live on fish but they do not spend all their time looking for fish.

D. More interestingly, animals not only make friends but also try to keep lasting friendships.

E. The goat was frightened of the tiger, and pretended to make friends with it for the sake of its own safety.

F. The researchers found that these dolphins are more willing to hang out with partners that like the same tool.

G. But instead of eating the goat, the tiger likes to play with it and gets jealous when other animals are close to his friend.

【答案】16. A    17. F    18. B    19. G    20. D

【解析】

【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，研究表明动物之间存在友谊。

【16题详解】

由上文标题“Social bond of animals”（动物的社会纽带）和上三句“Friendship is an important part of human life. Friends can share our joys and our hardships. We aren’t alone.”（友谊是人类生活的重要组成部分。朋友可以分享我们的快乐和艰辛。我们并不孤单。），以及下文第三段首句““It suggests that dolphins form social bonds based on shared interests,” UK biologist Simon Allen told Science Daily.”（英国生物学家Simon Allen在接受《科学日报》采访时说：“这表明海豚在共同利益的基础上形成了社会纽带。”）和第四段首句“Apart from dolphins, elephants, horses and bats are also known to form friendships.”（除了海豚之外，大象、马和蝙蝠也能建立友谊。）可知，上文讲人类之间有友谊，下文讲一些动物也能建立友谊，人类并不孤单，是因为动物也能交朋友，承接上下文，A选项“许多不同的动物也交朋友。”切题。故选A项。

17题详解】

由下文第三段““It suggests that dolphins form social bonds based on shared interests,” UK biologist Simon Allen told Science Daily.”（英国生物学家Simon Allen在接受《科学日报》采访时说：“这表明海豚在共同利益的基础上形成了社会纽带。”“海豚使用不同的工具进行合作是很费时的。”）可知，下文研究表明海豚使用不同的工具进行合作是很费时的，它们喜欢在共同利益的基础上形成社会纽带，可得出海豚会喜欢使用同一工具的伙伴，并和它们形成社会纽带，承接下文，F选项“研究人员发现，这些海豚更愿意和喜欢同一工具的伙伴在一起。”切题。故选F项。

【18题详解】

由下文第五段中的“Of course not, The Atlantic reported. In 2015, a goat was originally left in a tiger’s enclosure (围场) as a meal.”（当然不是，《大西洋月刊》报道。2015年，一只山羊最初被放在老虎的围栏里作为食物。）和“The Atlantic said it’s not unusual among captive (圈禁的) animals. That’s because in captivity, animals don’t need to spend much time and energy marking their territory or looking for mates the way they would in the wild. They are actually more likely to feel bored. “In this particular situation, the animal’s motivation to engage socially and playfully may be higher than eating.””（《大西洋月刊》说这在圈养动物中并不罕见。这是因为在圈养中，动物不需要花费太多的时间和精力来标记自己的领地，也不需要像在野外那样寻找伴侣。实际上，它们更容易感到无聊。“在这种特殊情况下，动物参与社交和嬉戏的动机可能高于进食。”）可知，下文讲到老虎最初圈禁了山羊是为了食物，这种圈禁最后变得不同寻常，因为实际上老虎和山羊会感到无聊，它们参与社交和嬉戏的动机可能高于进食，可得出老虎和山羊可能做了朋友，因此友谊并不只限于同一物种，作者的“Of course not”是对“友谊只限于同一物种吗？”的否定回答，即友谊并不只限于同一物种，承接下文，B选项“友谊只限于同一物种吗？”切题。故选B项。

【19题详解】

由上一句“Of course not, The Atlantic reported. In 2015, a goat was originally left in a tiger’s enclosure (围场) as a meal.”（当然不是，《大西洋月刊》报道。2015年，一只山羊最初被放在老虎的围栏里作为食物。）和下四句“The Atlantic said it’s not unusual among captive (圈禁的) animals. That’s because in captivity, animals don’t need to spend much time and energy marking their territory or looking for mates the way they would in the wild. They are actually more likely to feel bored. “In this particular situation, the animal’s motivation to engage socially and playfully may be higher than eating.””（《大西洋月刊》说这在圈养动物中并不罕见。这是因为在圈养中，动物不需要花费太多的时间和精力来标记自己的领地，也不需要像在野外那样寻找伴侣。实际上，它们更容易感到无聊。“在这种特殊情况下，动物参与社交和嬉戏的动机可能高于进食。”）可知，友谊并不只限于同一物种，老虎最初圈禁了山羊是为了食物，但最后这种圈禁最后变得不同寻常了，实际上老虎和山羊会感到无聊，它们参与社交和嬉戏的动机可能高于进食，可得出老虎和山羊可能做了朋友，所以老虎不吃山羊了，把山羊当朋友，承接上下文，G选项“但是老虎不吃山羊，而是喜欢和山羊玩耍，当其他动物靠近他的朋友时，它会嫉妒。”切题。故选G项。

【20题详解】

由下两句“Take bats as an example. In 2011, scientists found bats prefer to hang out with a few certain friends, keeping loose ties to the rest of their group.”（以蝙蝠为例。2011年，科学家们发现蝙蝠更喜欢和几个特定的朋友在一起，与其他群体保持松散的联系。）可知，蝙蝠更喜欢和几个特定的朋友在一起，而与其他蝙蝠保持松散的联系，说明蝙蝠（动物）能和朋友保持长久的友谊，承接下文，D选项“更有趣的是，动物不仅能交朋友，还能保持长久的友谊。”切题。故选D项。

第三部分 英语语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节    完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

We walked slowly through the wet grass, our eyes searching for the enemy. Suddenly, machine-gun fire broke the quiet. We hit the ground, ___21___from the shots by a low stone wall. As I ordered two soldiers to help me locate and___22___the machine gun. I heard___23___and then I was on my back.

“Lieutenant(中尉)!Lieutenant! You’ve been hit!” one soldier cried. Two medics rushed me to an aid  ___24___ . A doctor slapped a bandage on my bloody knee; then the medics drove me to a___25___field hospital. They carried me into a tent where dozens of ___26___soldiers were lined up on the ground. I watched the nurses working  ___27___ things went black. When I woke up. I was lying on a bed wearing nothing but a blanket.

“Wake up, Lieutenant!” a nurse shouted. “You’ve got to get on a plane-you’re ___28___ to a hospital in England!” I ___29___. All my worldly possessions lay in a mountainous heap of equipment. I could replace everything ____30____ the photo of my new bride, Ellen, which I always carried with me.

“I’m not going until I get my wife’s picture.” I said. “It’s in the gas mask cover you ____31____ from me.” I knew the nurse could make me go, ____32____ instead she said, “OK, I’ll see if I can find it.” then ran out to search through the ____33____ . Time stood still until finally she came running ____34____ back. “I’ve got it!” she shouted, waving the picture in her upraised hand.

That photograph ____35____ me through tough times. Now-69 years later-it sits on my bedside table.

21. A. escaped B. sheltered C. removed D. prevented

22. A. knock out B. search for C. stay away D. run towards

23. A. a thunder B. a scream C. a crash D. an explosion

24. A. school B. station C. program D. advisor

25. A. ruined B. famous C. nearby D. advanced

26. A. wounded B. brave C. dead D. cured

27. A. because B. though C. after D. before

28. A. driving B. connecting C. flying D. engaging

29. A. hesitated B. opposed C. panicked D. whispered

30. A. with B. by C. for D. except

31. A. took away B. carried out C. cleared up D. kept back

32. A. so B. and C. or D. but

33. A. tents B. hills C. piles D. beds

34. A. breathlessly B. disappointedly C. nervously D. mysteriously

35. A. benefited B. comforted C. reminded D. challenged

【答案】21. B    22. A    23. D    24. B    25. C    26. A    27. D    28. C    29. C    30. D    31. A    32. D    33. C    34. A    35. B

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在一场战争中受伤并丢失了妻子的照片，在他的坚持下，一名护士帮助他取回了照片，作者对此很感激，是妻子的照片陪伴自己度过了那段艰难的岁月。

【21题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们趴在地上，利用前面的低矮石墙掩护自己。A. escaped逃跑；B. sheltered庇护，掩护；C. removed去掉；D. prevented阻止。根据后文from the shots by a low stone wall可知，作者他们利用前面的低矮石墙掩护自己。故选B。

【22题详解】

考查动词短语辨析。句意：我命令两名士兵帮我定位并打掉机关枪。A. knock out击倒，打掉；B. search for寻找；C. stay away外出；D. run towards朝……跑。结合后文the machine gun可知作者命令两名士兵帮作者定位并打掉机关枪。故选A。

【23题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：我听到爆炸声——然后我就趴在地上。A. a thunder雷；B. a scream尖叫声；C. a crash坠机；D. an explosion爆炸。根据后文“Lieutenant! Lieutenant! You’ve been hit!” one soldier cried.可知爆炸把作者击中了。故选D。

【24题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：两名医护人员迅速把我送到救护站。A. school学校；B. station站点，车站；C. program程序；D. advisor顾问。根据后文A doctor可知作者被送到了救护站。故选B。

25题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：医生给我那流血的膝盖打了个绷带；然后医护人员把我送到附近的野战医院。A. ruined荒废的；B. famous出名的；C. nearby附近的；D. advanced先进的。作者受了伤，肯定是被送到附近的医院好及时接受救治。故选C。

【26题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们把我抬到一个帐篷里，那里有几十名受伤的士兵被排在地上。A. wounded受伤的；B. brave勇敢的；C. dead死的；D. cured治愈的。医院里肯定都是在战场上受了伤的士兵。故选A。

【27题详解】

考查连词辨析。句意：我看着护士们趁着一切没变糟糕之前，紧张的工作着。A. because因为；B. though虽然；C. after在……之后；D. before在……之前。此处为时间状语从句，表示“在……之前”用before。故选D。

【28题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你得坐飞机——你要飞往英国的医院!”A. driving驾驶；B. connecting连接；C. flying(乘飞行器或航天器)航行；D. engaging参加。根据上文You’ve got to get on a plane可知作者要飞往英国的医院。故选C。

【29题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：我惊慌失措。A. hesitated犹豫；B. opposed反对；C. panicked恐慌；D. whispered低声说。根据后文All my worldly possessions lay in a mountainous heap of equipment.可知作者所有的私人物品都放在一堆堆积如山的设备里，作者却要立即飞往英国了，因此惊慌失措。故选C。

【30题详解】

考查介词辨析。句意：我可以把所有的东西都放在这，除了我的新娘Ellen的照片，我总是随身带着她的照片。A. with和；B. by借助；C. for为了；D. except除了。作者可以不要其他所有的个人物品，除了（except）他新娘Ellen的照片。故选D。

【31题详解】

考查动词短语辨析。句意：“在你从我这里拿走的防毒面具里。”A. took away拿走；B. carried out实施；C. cleared up清理；D. kept back留下。根据上文I was lying on a bed wearing nothing but a blanket.可知作者的防毒面具被人拿走了。故选A。

【32题详解】

考查连词辨析。句意：我知道护士可以让我去，但她却说:“好吧，我去看看能不能找到。”然后跑出去在成堆的东西里找。A. so所以；B. and并且；C. or或者；D. but但是。结合上下文语境可知为转折关系，应用but。故选D。

【33题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道护士可以让我去，但她却说:“好吧，我去看看能不能找到。”然后跑出去在成堆的东西里找。A. tents帐篷；B. hills丘陵；C. piles成堆；D. beds床。对应上文All my worldly possessions lay in a mountainous heap of equipment.可知护士去在成堆的东西里找作者的东西。故选C。

【34题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意：时间静止了，最后她气喘吁吁地跑了回来。A. breathlessly气喘地；B. disappointedly失望地；C. nervously紧张地；D. mysteriously神秘地。护士是跑着回来的，因此气喘吁吁。故选A。

【35题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：那张照片在我困难的时候给了我安慰。A. benefited受益；B. comforted安慰；C. reminded提醒；D. challenged挑战。作者到哪儿都带着Ellen的照片，是因为照片能在作者困难的时候给予作者安慰。故选B。

第II卷

第三部分 英语语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Aeronautics (航空学) specialists from the University of South Australia spent months studying the dragonfly’s flight, creating 3D models from digital images, ___36___ (build) a winged drone (无人机). Study leader Javaan Chahl believes that winged drones ___37___(base) on the dragonfly’s shape and movement will simply be ___38___(flexible) and energy efficient, compared to the previous ones.

Chahl’s team used a special photography technique to classify ___39___ wing shapes of 75 different dragonfly species from museum collections. Their wings are long, light and hard. Plus, their long bodies give them excellent stability and balance, making it possible for winged drones to deliver awkward loads ___40___ carry out long observation missions.

Investigating the way that dragonflies remain stable during flight actually ___41___(reveal) the techniques they use to get themselves out of tricky situations. Dragonflies are found to be able to perform upside-down backflips to regain balance and normal flight, when they find themselves upside down mid-air. This special skill can even ___42___(perform) while dragonflies are unconscious, meaning it is a passive stability mechanism similar in concept ___43___ planes that are designed to sail to ___44___ (safe) with their engines turned off. Engineers are looking to copy dragonfly wings to create safer ones, ____45____ can right themselves.

【答案】36. to build   

37. based    38. more flexible   

39. the    40. and   

41. reveals   

42. be performed   

43. to    44. safety   

45. which

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。南澳大利亚大学的航空专家花了几个月的时间研究蜻蜓的飞行，从数字图像中创建3D模型，建造了一架有翼无人机。研究负责人Javaan Chahl认为，与之前的无人机相比，基于蜻蜓形状和运动的有翼无人机将更加灵活和节能。

【36题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：南澳大利亚大学的航空专家花了几个月的时间研究蜻蜓的飞行，从数字图像中创建3D模型，建造了一架有翼无人机。此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to build。

【37题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：研究负责人Javaan Chahl认为，与之前的无人机相比，基于蜻蜓形状和运动的有翼无人机将更加灵活和节能。句中winged drones和base之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填based。

【38题详解】

考查形容词比较级。句意：研究负责人Javaan Chahl认为，与之前的无人机相比，基于蜻蜓形状和运动的有翼无人机将更加灵活和节能。Be动词后面用形容词作表语，且此处与之前相比较，应用形容词比较级。故填more flexible。

【39题详解】

考查冠词。句意：Chahl的团队使用了一种特殊的摄影技术，对博物馆收藏的75种不同蜻蜓的翅膀形状进行了分类。此处特指不同形状的蜻蜓翅膀，应用定冠词。故填the。

【40题详解】

考查并列连词。句意：此外，它们的长身体使它们具有出色的稳定性和平衡性，使有翼无人机能够运送尴尬的负载并执行长期观察任务。此处deliver awkward loads 和carry out long observation missions之间是递进的并列关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。

【41题详解】

考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：研究蜻蜓在飞行过程中保持稳定的方式，实际上揭示了它们用来摆脱棘手情况的技术。句子描述一个客观事实，应用一般现在时，且动名词作主语，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填reveals。

42题详解】

考查动词语态。句意：这种特殊的技能甚至可以在蜻蜓无意识的情况下进行，这意味着它是一种被动的稳定机制，在概念上类似于飞机在关闭引擎的情况下安全航行。句子主语This special skill和perform之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，空前有情态动词，be动词使用原形。故填be performed。

【43题详解】

考查介词。句意：这种特殊的技能甚至可以在蜻蜓无意识的情况下进行，这意味着它是一种被动的稳定机制，在概念上类似于飞机在关闭引擎的情况下安全航行。固定短语be similar to“与……相似”，to是介词。故填to。

【44题详解】

考查名词。句意：这种特殊的技能甚至可以在蜻蜓无意识的情况下进行，这意味着它是一种被动的稳定机制，在概念上类似于飞机在关闭引擎的情况下安全航行。此处指“安全航行”，介词to后面用名词safety，不可数名词。故填safety。

【45题详解】

考查定语从句。句意：工程师们正试图复制蜻蜓的翅膀来制造更安全的翅膀，这种翅膀可以自我矫正。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是ones，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。

第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节    （满分15分）   

46. 假设你是新华中学的学生李华，你的英国朋友Michael得知你对月球探索感兴趣，发来邮件和你探讨该话题，请你给他回复邮件，内容要点如下：

1). 中国文化中月亮的寓意；

2). 你对人类探月活动的看法。

注意：文章开头和结尾已给出，无须再誊抄到答题卡上。

Dear Michael,

I am more than glad to share with you more details

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

【答案】One possible version:

Dear Michael,

I am more than glad to share with you more details about my passion for moon exploration. It started with what I had been told about the moon as a kid. In Chinese culture, the moon is a symbol of beauty and purity. Also, it reminds people of their family and friends far away.

Humans have never stopped exploring the moon. Moon exploration shows an important human trait — curiosity about the unknown, which is the driving force that has brought our species this far. Plus, the development of relevant technology promotes the progress of science in general, which benefits our everyday life.

What do you usually think about when you gaze at the moon?

Yours

Li Hua

【解析】

【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国朋友Michael写封信，探讨月球探索的话题。

【详解】1.词汇积累

高兴的：glad→pleased

以…开始：started with→begin with

此外：Plus→in addition/ besides

提升：promotes→improves

2.句式拓展

合并句子

原句：I am more than glad to share with you more details about my passion for moon exploration. It started with what I had been told about the moon as a kid.

拓展句：I am more than glad to share with you more details about my passion for moon exploration, which started with what I had been told about the moon as a kid.

【点睛】[高分句型1] It started with what I had been told about the moon as a kid. (运用了what引导的宾语从句)

[高分句型2] Moon exploration shows an important human trait — curiosity about the unknown, which is the driving force that has brought our species this far. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)

第二节 （满分25分）

47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Better to Give than to Receive

When a special occasion arrives, a gift often finds its way to a doorstep or an office desk. But once in a while, a present arrives at an unexpected moment as a reminder that someone is thinking about us.

Wanda Anderson remembers such a gift.

The rosebushes were finally in full bloom that day. Seeing roses always brings to mind Wanda's childhood memories. To this young girl, those flowers were a luxury. "We never had money to buy extra things, so even a tired rose was something to cherish," Wanda said.

Nowadays, to have a backyard filled with many different roses is pure enjoyment. Wanda especially loves the very first blooms. Her husband, Dale, devotedly tends the roses and knows this little fact about his wife. So, on this particular morning, he picked the very first flowers of spring, fresh from the garden, just for Wanda.

But as Dale came back, he was met by a neighbor who had dropped by. As the woman turned to go, Dale graciously (有风度地)handed the roses to her. Even though their visitor insisted she didn't want to take them, she was repeatedly assured that the flowers were hers to keep.

“I told her I was happy for her to keep them, but I really wasn't," Wanda said, recalling the emotions she was feeling right then. Seeing her very precious first blooms go out of the door filled her with regret.

Throughout the rest of the morning, Wanda argued with herself, knowing logically it was “better to give than to receive. Nevertheless, she wished she could have kept the roses for herself.

Later that day, the couple just arrived at the post office, where they were about to park the car.

注意:

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Then, without warning, a bunch of multi-coloured roses appeared at the car's window.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

For the rest of the day, she was happy and moved.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】

Then, without warning, a bunch of multi-coloured roses appeared at the car's window. Staring at the beautiful roses with her open mouth, she rocked her husband’s arm excitedly, saying “Look，Dale! Roses!” Dale smiled at her and opened the door for her, saying “They are just for you，honey! ”with the bunch of the roses in his hands. Dale told her that he had planted the multi-coloured roses especially for her and in order to give her a big surprise, he asked a girl to hold the roses at the post office.

For the rest of the day, she was happy and moved. Feeling her husband’s thoughtful love, she expressed her gratitude and her deep affection for him again and again. She had expected to miss her first blooms this year and had been depressed all morning though she comforted herself non-stop that it’s better to give than to receive. Deeply touched, she decided to give the special bunch of roses to the little girl who had just held it for her to taste the joy of giving rather than receiving.

【解析】

【分析】本文以Wanda的情绪变化为线索。讲述了童年贫苦的Wanda因为买不起玫瑰而将其视为享受。她的丈夫了解Wanda这段童年记忆便种植了满园的玫瑰，并且将第一束玫瑰送给妻子。但是，今年当丈夫带回第一束玫瑰花到家时，恰巧遇到邻居。出于礼貌，丈夫便把玫瑰花送给了邻居。Wanda虽然内心不断地告诉自己给予比接受更好，但是内心还是有遗憾。最后，没有想到的是，丈夫以一种意想不到的方式将第一束多彩的玫瑰送给Wanda。深受感动之后，Wanda决定将这束特殊的玫瑰花送给刚才帮助她的小女孩，去践行给予比接受更好。

【详解】1.段落续写：

①由第一段首句内容“然后，毫无预兆地，一束五彩玫瑰出现在车窗前。”可知，第一段可描写这束多彩玫瑰的由来。

②由第二段首句内容“那天剩下的时间里，她又高兴又感动。”可知，第二段可描写Wanda收到这束多彩玫瑰后的兴奋与感动。

2.续写线索：多彩玫瑰的出现——多彩玫瑰的由来——兴奋和感动——感悟

3.词汇激活（一个词汇要写出相近的表达）

行为类

①想起：bring to mind/ recall

②到达：find one’s way to /arrive at/drop by

③感动：touch/move

情绪类

①享受：luxury/enjoyment

②再三地/不停地：repeatedly/non-stop/again and again

③遗憾地：fill sb. with regret/be depressed

④惊讶：with her open mouth / give her a big surprise

【点睛】【高分句型写范文中的就可以，至少2个高分句型】

[高分句型1]. Staring at the beautiful roses with her open mouth, she rocked her husband’s arm excitedly, saying “Look，Dale! Roses!”（非谓语动词短语Staring at the beautiful roses with her open mouth和saying “Look，Dale! Roses!”做伴随状语）

[高分句型2]. Dale told her that he had planted the multi-coloured roses especially for her and in order to give her a big surprise, he asked a girl to hold the roses at the post office. （由连接词that引导的宾语从句）

[高分句型3]. She had expected to miss her first blooms this year and had been depressed all morning though she comforted herself non-stop that it’s better to give than to receive.（though引导的让步状语从句）