第10讲 unit 3核心词汇知识点讲解与练习 人教版英语七年级下册

第10讲  unit 3核心词汇、短语、句型（1）

一、单词

1.train火车             2. bus公共汽车

3.subway地铁          4. ride骑;旅程

5.bike自行车           6.六十sixty

7.seventy七十           8. eighty八十

9.ninety 九十           10.Hundred 一百

二、词组

10. think of认为

三、句型

4. -What would you like?你想要什么？-I’d like some apples.我想要些苹果。

5.get to/ arrive in/arrive at/ reach

reach后不用加介词如 I  reach school.

get to直接加地方
arrive in/at也直接加地方，但IN 是大地方，AT是小地方
reach, get, get to, arrive in/at都是及物动词，但arrive 不加介词时是不及物动词，可以不加宾语.

如:I arrive 我到达了。不能说I reach,/get/,get to,它们后面要加宾语。

四、语法

一、   表达交通方式

1、   用介词表示

（1）介词by + 表示交通工具的名词单数形式，（名词前不加冠词，和修饰语）

     eg : We often go to school by bike .我们常常骑自行车去上学。

（2）介词on / in 修饰语 + 交通工具的的名词 （修饰语可以是冠词、形容词性物主代词或名词所有格）

     eg : ——How did he go to school yesterday ? 昨天他怎么去上学的？

         ——On his bike .骑自行车。

         Does Jim go to visit his grandparents in his car ?吉姆开车去看他的祖父母了吗？

a ：在bike 或 motorbike 前，只能用介词on.

eg : They go to work on their bikes / motorbikes .他们骑自行车 / 摩托车上班。

b：在car 或taxi前，多用介词in 。

eg ：We are going to the supermarket in John’s car .我们将坐约翰的车去超市。

c：on + 表示交通工具的动物名词，表示“骑驴/马/象/骆驼等”。其中要在动物名词前加不定冠词a / an 。

eg ：He went there on a horse . 他骑马去了那里。

2、用动词表示

（1）动词 + to 地点名词 或 动词 + 地点副词

(ride / drive / fly / walk +to + 地点名词，如这些动词后面跟副词时，不加to.)

eg: I usually walk to school .我通常步行上学。（加地点名词）

   Jack flew there last Sunday .杰克星期日乘飞机去那里了。（加地点副词）

（2）take a /the + 表示交通工具的名词

eg：Mr Smith takes a bus to go to work every morning .史密斯先生每天早晨乘公共汽车去上班。

eg ：——How do you go to work every day ?你每天怎样去上班？

     ——I take the subway to work. / I go to work by subway . / I go to work in the subway . 我乘地铁去上班。

二、how /how far /how long 引导的特殊疑问句。

1.how用于询问动作执行的方式、手段等，译为“怎样，怎么”。例如：How do you get to school?你怎样到达学校？How do you know this?你怎么知道的这个事？How are you?你好吗？

2.how long 既可询问时间，译为“多久”，又可询问物品的长度，译为“多长”。例如：

——How long does it take to go to Shanghai by bus?——It takes half an hour.

——How long is the river?——It’s about 12 kilometers.

3.how far用于询问距离，译为“多远”。其答语分为两种情况。

1）用长度单位表示：——How far is it from your home to the bus stop?

——It is five kilometers.

2）用时间表示：——How far is the park from the supermarket?

——It’s ten minutes’ walk.

重难点：

1.乘坐何种交通工具的表达方式。

2.how /how far /how long 引导的特殊疑问句。

一、句型转换（10分）。

1.I get to school by bus.(改为同义句)

I _______  _______  _______ to school.

2.It takes me about 20 minutes to get to school.( 对划线部分提问)

__________ __________ does it take you to get to school?

3.My home is about 15 miles from here.（对划线部分提问）

__________ __________ is your home from here?

4.Sally always goes to the market by bike.（对划线部分提问）

________ ______ Sally always ______  to the market.

5.He goes to school on foot.（改为同义句）

He _______ _________  school.

二、单项选择

(  )1. --         did you come here?   --         boat.

A. How, By         B. How long, By        C. How, Take

(  )2. Health          your healthy lifestyle.

A. depends         B. decides            C. depends on

(  )3. In North America, most students go to school         the school bus.

A. by             B. take                C. on 

(  )4. My parents are        my home in three days. 

A. reaching to         B. arriving in            C. getting to   

(  )5. –How       does it take? –It takes about 10 minutes’          .

A. long, walk         B. long, to walk        C. far, walking 

解析：一 1. Take the bus    by bus=take a bus

         2. How long      对时长进行提问用how long

         3. How far        对距离进行提问用how far

         4.How does go    对方式方法提问用how，后面为三单特殊疑问句

         5.walks to        on foot=walks to

二 1. A             对方式方法提问用how, by+交通工具

   2.C              depend on意为依靠，三单+s

       3.A              by+交通工具=take+冠词+交通工具

       4.C              be doing 表将来

       5.A              对时长进行提问用how long, 10 minutes’ walk五分钟的路程

一、用get to/ arrive in/arrive at/ reach填空

1—When can you            school? 

—I get to school at seven.

2 They            Beijing yesterday.

3 They          the bus stop.

4 We          home at six.

二、单项选择

(  )1. --Can you tell me      is it from here to downtown?

      --Yes, it’s fifteen minutes by bus.

   A. how much        B. how long        C. how far 

(  )2. Susan’s parents have bought a large house with a swimming pool. It       be very expensive.

   A. must         B. can            C. can’t

(  )3. I know it’ll         me much time to practice it, but I’m sure I can learn a lot from it.

   A. spend         B. take            C. pay                  

(  )4.--The sandwich is delicious.  --Would you like           one?

      A. other            B.others            C. another

(  )5. He           to clean the classroom.

   A. needn’t         B. don’t need        C. doesn’t need

(  )6.         books are missing in the library. We must ask the police for help.

      A. Much           B. A number of       C. The number of

三、完形

I had to make a decision. While cleaning the house, I found my 13-year-old sister’s diary.

I  1  the book up from the floor and opened it, looking for my name. I thought that I would find something   2   . As I read, the blood(血液)ran from my face. It was worse than I thought. I sat down on the floor. There was nothing bad there at all. There was a short description of   3   , her dreams and her goals, and of the person who had encouraged her most. I started to cry.

I was her  4  . She admired(钦佩) me for my personality, my achievements and, strangely, my honesty. She wanted to be   5   me. She had been watching me for years. I stopped reading. I felt sorry for myself. I had put so much energy(精力) into   6  her away that I had missed out on being her friend.

I wasted years hating someone—and now I had wronged her. It was I who had lost something beautiful, and it was I who would   7    allow myself to do such a thing again.

Reading the words my sister wrote   8   my heart, and I wanted to know her again. I was finally able to put away the  9   things that kept me from her. That afternoon, I decided to go to her—this time to experience,  10  not to judge(判断), to welcome, not to fight. After all, she was my sister.

1. A. sent   B. showed    C. picked    D. put

2. A. bad   B. exciting    C. terrible    D. surprising

3. A. myself   B. herself    C. us     D. them

4. A. sister   B. friend    C. dreamer    D. hero

5. A. against   B. like     C. as     D. for

6. A. showing  B. sweeping    C. pushing    D. putting

7. A. never   B. always    C. seldom    D. usually

8. A. stole   B. moved    C. warmed    D. broke

9. A. beautiful  B. wonderful    C. dull     D. silly

10. A. as   B. but     C. so     D. or

答案：

一、get to     arrive in     reach      reach

二、 CABCCB

三、 CABDB   CACDB

一、选择题

1. Excuse me ______ is the bookshop ?—It’s over there.

A. how           B. what          C. where        D. who

2. ______ is a pencil?  —About five yuan .

A. How old        B. How many    C. How much     D. How often

3. ______ are you going? — I’m going to the library（图书馆）.

A. Who           B. Which        C. What         D. Where

4. ______ tea do you have?—Two cups.

A. How many      B. How much    C. How          D. Which

5. ______?—The one behind the tree.

A. Whose girl      B. Who’s that girl  C. Which girl    D. Where’s the girl  

6. —______is it from our school to Jingzhu Mall?

　　—About half an hour's walk. Shall we go there?

　　A. How far      B. How often     C. How long     D. How soon

7. —_________ is the bike?

 —Just $ 150.

　　A. How much     B. How many    C. How long     D. How often

8. —How long has Eliza been a nurse?

　　—_______

　　A. Since 2002.    B. Four years ago.  C. In 2002.       D. last year

9. —_______do you help the old man with the housework?

　　—Once a week.

　　A. How soon     B. How long       C. How often     D. How many

10. —You borrowed some money from me last year, Mr. Green …

　　—Did I? _______did you lend me?

A. How many     B. How long       C. How much    D. How soon

二、翻译句子

1. 你如何到达学校？ _______________________

我骑自行车。____________________

2. 她如何到达学校？ ___________________

她乘公共汽车。____________________

3. 到达学校要花多长时间？____________________

大约花费15分钟。___________________

4. 从你家到学校有多远？____________________

仅约500米。      ____________________ 

5. 简步行去上学吗？_______________________

不，她骑自行车。 ____________________

答案： 

一 CCDAB              CAACB  

二1 —How do you get to school? —I ride a bike.

   2—How does she get to school? —She takes a bus.

   3—How long does it take to get to school? —About 15 minutes.

   4—How far is it from your home to school? —Just 500 meters.

   5.—Does Jane go to school on foot? —No, she rides a bike.

一、用所给词的适当形式填空

1. Mike             (stay) at home on Sundays.

2. My sister            (not like) eggs at all.

3. Li Lei often           (carry) water for the old woman.

4. you           (get) to school at 7:30 every day?

5. We           (begin) class at seven thirty in the morning.

6. My brother             (watch) TV every evening.

7. –When they             (clean) the house?  

--They usually             (clean) in the afternoon.

8. Light            faster than sound(travel).

二、单项选择(15分)

1. I usually go to school ________.
A. ride the bike         B. on bike           C. ride my bike         D. by bike

2. —_____ do you live from school?   —8 miles.
A. How long            B. How far          C. How much           D. Where

3. What do you _________ the transportation（交通） in your city?

A. think about　　  B. think of　　　    C. think over 　　  D. think

4. — _______ does it take you to get to Beijing? — Twenty hours.

A. How often 　　　B. How far 　　    C. How many 　　  D. How long

5. How do you get to school, ______ bike or ____ foot?

A. by, by　　　    B. on, on 　　　    C. by, on 　　　    D. on, by

6. How ______ is it _______ your school to the Children’s Palace(少年宫)?

A. long, to 　　　  B. far, to 　　　     C. long, from 　　  D. far, from

7. — How do you ________there?— I take the train.

A. get 　　　      B. get to 　　　    C. gets 　　　       D. gets to

8.She likes talking with others and she can get on well _______ them.

A. for             B. on               C. with            D. at

9.It’s difficult for me ______ to school.

A. to get          B. get               C. gets             D. to gets

10. Look! There is _______ over there. Do you know him?

A. a 8-year-old boy  B. an 8-year-old boy   C. a 8-years old boy  D. an 8-years old boy

11. She has too _______ homework this weekend.

A. much           B . many            C. some            D. a lot

12.The No. 6 Middle School is not far ___ his home.
   A. to                B. from               C. with                D. in

13. —How long does it take? --It takes ______. 
A. half an hour        B. a hour             C. two hour            D. half a hour

14. Lucy spend an hour _______ her homework every day.

A. do              B. doing             C. to do           D. Does.

15. He usually goes to visit his friends ________ Saturday afternoon.

A. at              B. in                C. on              D. of

答案：

一1 stays   2 does not   3 carries    4 Do get  

5 begin   6 watches   7 do clean   8 travels

二1—5 DBBDC    6—10DACAB

11—15 ABABC