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Unit5单词详解 人教版七年级英语下册
展开Grade 7 Unit 51. kind kind of +adj/adv 有点儿…;有几分…eg: That sounds smart… but kind of boring. 听起来这样做是明智的…但是有点无聊。听到这则新闻,他有点生气。(1)adj.亲切的;和蔼的;友善的; be kind to sb. 对某人很友善eg: Marcus is always very kind to me. 马库斯一直对我很好。她对我很友善,成为了我最亲近的朋友。你们应该爱自己,善待自己。(2)n.种类;类别; all kinds of+ n. 各种各样的…different kinds of + n. 不同种类的… a kind of + n. 一种…eg: And today, students from all kinds of backgrounds are studying here in China.今天,来自各种背景的学生正在中国学习。It's on top of the washing machine with different kinds of useful things in it.在洗衣机的上面有不同种类有用的东西。人们可以做各种有趣的事情。里面有各种书籍、报纸、杂志。在学校里,我发现学生们有不同的学习习惯。全世界有很多种不同的龟。猴子是一种聪明的动物。 2. friendly adj.友好的 be friendly to sb. 对某人友好eg: 艾米丽小姐总是友好的。He gave me a friendly welcome.他友好地欢迎我。杰克对那位新学生友好。所有人都对我很友好。<拓展>be friendly to与be friendly with 的区别(1)be friendly to sb 对某人友好eg: He is friendly to Jack. = He is nice to Jack. 他对杰克很友好。(双方不一定成为朋友)(2)be friendly with sb 与某人成为朋友(强调双方成为朋友)eg: We are friendly with our classmates. = We are friends with our classmates.我们与我们的同学是朋友。<拓展>friendly虽然以-ly结尾,但其不是副词,而是形容词。类似的形容词还有:lovely 可爱的,漂亮的 lonely 孤独的,孤单的 3. save vt. 救;节省(1) 救,挽救 save sb+from+V-ing/place/sth 从…救出某人eg: He saved me from drowning. 他救了我,使我免遭溺死。The doctor saved the child's life.这位医生挽救了孩子的生命。消防员们把他们从大火中救出来。(2) 节省,省去;避免 save time /money 节省时间/金钱eg: She saves money in every way she can .她在各方面尽可能地省钱。We save money wherever we possibly could .我们在一切方面都尽可能地节省开支。新方法既节省时间也节省钱。(3) 储存,储蓄eg: He saved a lot of money to buy a house. 他存了很多钱来买房子。 4. symbol n. 象征,标志,记号 the symbol of… …的象征eg:The dove is a symbol of peace. 鸽子是和平的象征。The flag is a symbol of national identity.这面旗是民族性的象征。国王/总统是权力的象征。 5. lost adj.走失的,迷路的,失散的;丢失的,遗失的;常与系动词be或者get连用,表"丢失,走失,迷路"get lost 迷路=lose one's wayeg: The boy got lost. = The boy lost his way.那个男孩迷路了。My keys are lost again. 我的钥匙又丢了。这个女孩是新来的,她迷路了,因为她没带地图。<拓展>(1)lose v.丢失,丢去,失去 lose one's home 失去家园eg:The flood made thousands of people lose their homes.洪水使成千上万的人失去了家园。他对他的朋友很不友好,所以他失去了很多朋友。(2) loser n. 失败者 <反>winner n.获胜者,赢家eg:世界上总会有人失败,有人成功。 6. danger n.危险be in (great) danger处于(极大的)危险中 be out of danger脱离危险in danger of … 处于…的危险中eg: We must save the animals in great danger: 我们必须拯救处于灭绝中的动物。The doctor says that he is no longer in danger. = The doctor says that he is out of danger.医生说他已经脱离危险。一想到大熊猫和其他动物濒危,我就很伤心。经过治疗,病人已经脱离危险了。你犯错了,有丢工作的危险。<拓展> dangerous adj.危险的 反义词:safe adj.安全的eg: He is dangerous, don’t be close to him. 他是个危险人物,别靠近他。对于小孩子来说,游泳是危险的。 7. cut v.切,分(指用带刃儿的工具将物体分开)cut sb sth= cut sth for/to sb 帮某人切/分…cut sth with +工具 用…工具把…切开eg:Please cut Lily the cake. = Please cut the cake for Lily.请帮莉莉切蛋糕。他用刀把牛肉切开。(1)cut down砍倒;削减;缩小(尺寸或数量等) 后接介词to/ on复杂名词放后面,单一代词放中间: cut it down 缩小它 cut down the tree 砍倒树木eg: People should stop cutting down so many trees.人们应该停止大量砍倒树木。We need to cut the article down to 1,000 words.我们得把这篇文章压缩到1,000字。The doctor told him to cut down on his drinking. 医生劝他少喝酒。他们砍倒了那棵苹果树。为了节省孩子们的睡眠时间,父母们应该减少孩子们的课程。 8.over prep.超过,多于=more thaneg: There are over 50 students in our class.在我们班里有50多名学生。他问了超过100道问题。超过30种的动物都处于危险中。(1)over作为介词时还可以表示“在…上方” 强调在上方隔着一段距离,与on的区别: over与另一个物体没有接触,on指的时两个物体紧靠,一个物体位于另一物体之上。eg: There is a bridge over the river. 河上有座桥。(2) adj.完成的,结束的eg:Class is over.下课了。游戏结束了。(3)over there adv.在那边 eg: 那里还有一杯果汁。那里的水很干净。 9. be made of… 由…制成(强调能看出原材料)be made from… 由…制成(强调不能看出原材料)eg: The table is made of wood.这个桌子是由木头制成的。The paper is made from wood.纸是木头做的。这个包是由塑料做的。
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