北京大学附属中学惠新校区2022-2023学年高二上学期期中英语试题

北大附中惠新校区2022—2023学年上学期高二年级期中考试

英 语

第一部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Throughout my life, I have met diverse people in various places. The    1    that I have made with these people have affected my life a lot. However, Mrs. Ostrenko's    2    takes priority over the others’ influences in my life.

Mrs. Ostrenko was my eleventh grade English teacher. She shows that being a teacher is not about teaching but also    3    someone’s life, whether it is significant or trivial.

“My greatest joy is seeing my    4    succeed,” said Mrs. Ostrenko on the first day of class. Not all students come to school excited to learn, but Ostrenko is the type of teacher that has the ability to make her class    5    and memorable. Not only did I learn more about English in one quarter from her class than I learned in my first two years of high school, but her influence allowed me to    6    in all my other classes as well.

Mrs. Ostrenko may look like any other lady but what lies beneath the surface is an enthusiastic soul with perseverance that    7    those around her. Having taught for over ten years, she is still able to find the joy in    8   and remains as enthusiastic as ever about the topic she teaches. Her willpower and self-sacrificing    9    encourage me with the strength to overcome everyday obstacles. Her passion for teaching is evident in every single lesson she teaches, which inspires me to seek the same kind of    10    in my class as a teacher.

She is more than just an inspiration; she is a mentor who has taught me the importance of education.

1. A. relationships    B. appointments    C. decisions    D. troubles

2. A. promise    B. impact     C. selection   D. direction

3. A. giving    B. risking     C. saving    D. changing

4. A. partners    B. teachers    C. students   D. colleagues

5. A. scaring        B. confusing     C. exciting    D. embarrassing

6. A. improve     B. relax      C. play     D. question

7. A. disturbs     B. inspires    C. annoys   D. amuses

8. A. decorating   B. communicating   C. dressing   D. teaching

9. A. abilities     B. words     C. skills     D. spirits

10. A. passion    B. wisdom     C. property   D. ambition

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

A

In reality, some millionaires still worry about money after they achieve their goals and get rich. If they want to continue their    11    (wealth) life, they have to work hard to make money to ensure the sense of success they    12    (achieve) so far. It is believed by most people    13    they will be free of worries and live    14 (comfortable) after earning enough money.

B

Years ago, Jason was a college professor with a big house. But    15    (know) that many people were living in poor conditions, he felt guilty. Jason decided to tum his back    16    his fortune by giving his money to    17    (charity) and helping homeless people.

C

Doing    18    we do as athletes sets us apart because we are willing to do that extra little bit that might take us to    19    top. It is certainly not a balanced way to live and it is certainly not normal but those words are generally not used for anyone   20    is striving for greatness.

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Why Do Mockingbirds Copy?

Mockingbirds live in North and South America. They are good copycats. They imitate other birds. But they can also imitate other animals. They can even make sounds like a piano or car alarm. Mockingbirds learn to sing many songs. Some learn more than 200 different songs. They can often trick people! But mockingbirds can’t trick other birds. If they can’t trick other birds, why do they copy sounds? They do it to attract and avoid other birds!

Males are loud singers, and they sing many songs. They always sing when they want to meet females. A male bird can sing most of the day and night. The singing attracts females. But it also keeps away other males. The longer a mockingbird lives, the more songs it knows. To show this characteristic, the male mockingbird sings all the songs it knows. A female mockingbird is attracted to a male who has lived a long time.

Mockingbirds usually sing short songs. They sing each sound several times. Then they move to the next sound. Female mockingbirds sing softly and less often than males. They usually sing at their nests in the winter to keep away other birds. When another bird comes near, the mockingbird makes a loud noise to frighten it. It’s amazing that the mockingbird can copy so many songs of other birds. Some songs are not easy to learn. The mockingbird must listen well to imitate the sounds. But a mockingbird also has good eyes and a good memory. When a person comes near its nest, the mockingbird remembers that person. It knows that person’s face after many years!

21. Mockingbirds are special because they can ______.

A. create songs   B. copy sounds   C. remember other birds   D. understand human's words

22. Female mockingbirds sing at their nests in the winter to ______.

A. scare other birds  B. practise the songs  C. warn human beings    D. attract male birds

23. What is the purpose of this passage?

A. To recommend a course on birdlife.   B. To call on people to protect birds.

C. To give advice on feeding birds.   D. To introduce an interesting bird

B

The Printing Press

What do you think is the most important invention in the last 1000 years? Is it the light bulb or the Internet? Many people say that it is the printing press, a machine that allows us to print copies of books and documents. But why is the printing press so important?

Before the printing press，books were copied by hand. Ancient Roman book publishers sometimes sold as many as 5,000 copies of a book that had been copied by slaves （奴隶）. But copying a book took so much time and was so expensive that often only a few copies of each book were made. As a result，usually only a small percentage of the population learned to read and owned books.

In 1450, a goldsmith named Johannes Gutenberg in Germany invented the modern printing press. The impact of his machine is sometimes compared to the invention of the Internet. Although ancient Chinese people invented paper in 105 AD and used woodblock printing before 200 AD，Gutenberg's printing press was easy to use with languages that had alphabetic scripts （字母体系）. After 1450, thousands of copies of a popular book or newspaper could be made quickly and cheaply. Books and newspapers with ideas and images from all over the world went into the market for the wide public.

Knowledge is power. Reading has brought about amazing changes in science, technology and politics. We have learned how to create wealth and even travel to far-away worlds. The computer, cellphone, and Internet have grown, because billions of powerful readers were created by the printing press.

From 1450 on, more and more people have become readers. These billions of readers are powerful, and they help the world to make progress at a fast speed.

24. Not many people read in ancient Rome because they had _____________.

A. few books to read    B. little time to read

C. no money for books    D. no interest in books

25. The modern printing press is sometimes compared to the Internet due to its ________.

A. low cost      B. common use

C. great influence     D. rapid development

26. What is mainly discussed about the printing press in the last two paragraphs?

A. The progress.    B. The future.    C. The contribution.    D. The function.

C

Once when I was facing a decision that involved high risk, I went to a friend. He looked at me for a moment, and then wrote a sentence containing the best advice I’ve ever had: Be bold and brave — and mighty （强大的） forces will come to your aid.

Those words made me see clearly that when I had fallen short in the past, it was seldom because I had tried and failed. It was usually because I had let fear of failure stop me from trying at all. On the other hand, whenever I had plunged into deep water, forced by courage or circumstance, I had always been able to swim until I got my feet on the ground again.

Boldness means a decision to bite off more than you are sure you can eat. And there is nothing mysterious about the mighty forces. They are potential powers we possess: energy, skill, sound judgment, creative ideas — even physical strength greater than most of us realize.

Admittedly, those mighty forces are spiritual ones. But they are more important than physical ones. A college classmate of mine, Tim, was an excellent football player, even though he weighed much less than the average player. “In one game I suddenly found myself confronting a huge player, who had nothing but me between him and our goal line,” said Tim. “I was so frightened that I closed my eyes and desperately threw myself at that guy like a bullet (⼦弹） — and stopped him cold.”

Boldness — a willingness to extend yourself to the extreme — is not one that can be acquired overnight. But it can be taught to children and developed in adults. Confidence builds up. Surely, there will be setbacks （挫折） and disappointments in life; boldness in itself is no guarantee （保证） of success. But the person who tries to do something and fails is a lot better off than the person who tries to do nothing and succeeds.

So, always try to live a little bit beyond your abilities — and you’ll find your abilities are greater than you ever dreamed.

27. Why was the author sometimes unable to reach his goal in the past?

A. He faced huge risks.       B. He lacked mighty forces.

C. Fear prevented him from trying.    D. Failure blocked his way to success.

28. What is the implied meaning of the underlined part?

A. Swallow more than you can digest.    B. Act slightly above your abilities.

C. Develop more mysterious powers.    D. Learn to make creative decisions.

29. What was especially important for Tim’s successful defense in the football game?

A. His physical strength.   B. His basic skill.   C. His real fear.   D. His spiritual force.

30. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?

A. To encourage people to be courageous.    B. To advise people to build up physical power.

C. To tell people the ways to guarantee success.   D. To recommend people to develop more abilities.

第二节（每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resetting your body clock.    31    Here is how to make one.

•    32    In order to make a change, you need to decide why it’s important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day? Once you are clear about your reason, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.

•Rethink mornings. Now that you know why you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning activities. If you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by setting out clothes, shoes, and bags.    33    That’s a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer.

•Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If you’re tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found.    34  

•Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After you’ve tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record.    35    If not, take another look at other methods you could try.

A. Get a sleep specialist.

B. Find the right motivation.

C. A better plan for sleep can help.

D. And consider setting a second alarm.

E. If the steps you take are working, keep it up.

F. Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.

G. Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the cafe to get coffee.

第三部 分书面表达（共两节，满分20分）

第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第36、37题各两分，第38题2分，第39题4分，共10分）

Balancing Trees and CO2

Tree planting used to be regarded as an effective means of reducing climate change. Perhaps it’s time for us to rethink this practice. Trees pull CO2 from the air. This effectively removes CO2 from the atmosphere. But trees only hold onto CO2 as long as they’re alive. Once they die, trees decay （腐烂） and release that CO2 back into the atmosphere.

Recent studies have found that trees around the world are growing faster than ever. The rise of CO2, mainly due to burning fossil fuels, is probably driving that rapid growth, said Roel Brienen, a forest ecologist at the University of Leeds, UK. High levels of CO2 are increasing temperatures, which in turn speeds tree growth in those areas, he added.

The faster trees grow, the faster they store carbon. It seems like good news. However, it is known that fast-growing tree species, in general, live shorter lives than their slow-growing relatives.

In order to see whether the growth-lifespan trade-off (⽣长与寿命之间的权衡） is a universal phenomenon, Brienen and his colleagues analyzed over 210,000 individual tree ring records of 110 tree species from more than 79,000 sites worldwide. They found that, in almost all habitats and all sites, faster-growing tree species died younger than slow-growing species, and even within a species, the trade-off between growth and lifespan held strong.

The team also created a computer program that modeled a forest and tweaked （微量调整） the growth of the trees in this model. Early on, it showed that “the forest could hold more carbon as the trees grew faster”, Brienen reported. But after 20 years, these trees started dying and losing this extra carbon again. “We must understand that the only solution to bringing down CO2 levels is to stop emitting （排放） it into the atmosphere,” said Brienen.

36. What does “this practice” in Para.1 refer to?

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

37. Why are trees around the world growing faster than ever?

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

38. Read the following statement, underline the false part of it and explain the reason.

The team has found that the faster trees grow, the faster they store CO2, and the longer lives they live.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

39. Please briefly present what you can do in daily life to reduce the emission of CO2. (In about 40 words)

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

第二节  写作（10分）

40.

假如你是高二学生李华，你校下周三将举办一场以"The person I admire most"为题的演讲比赛，请你根据以下内容写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：

1.介绍你所敬佩的人的经历；2.你从他/她身上学到什么。

注意：

1.词数80左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

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基础落实

一、短语填空（每题1分，共10分）

二、句子翻译（每题2分，共10分）

北大附中惠新校区2022—2023学年高二年级暑假开学检测

英 语

答案

完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

1-5 ABDCC  6-10 ABDDA

语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

11.wealthy 词性转换：名词变形容词  12.have achieved 现在完成时13.that 主语从句 

14.comfortably词性转换：形容词变副词 15.knowing 非谓语动词：动名词  16.on 介词

17.charities 单复数 18.what 宾语从句 19.the 冠词  20.who 定语从句

阅读理解（共两节，30分）

第一节阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

A篇  21-23 BAD    B篇  24-26 ACC   C篇  27-30 CBDA

第二节阅读理解

31-35 CBGFE

【解析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍早上容易醒来的关键在于重新调整生物钟，对睡眠有个好的规划将大有裨益。然后讲述了制定规划的几种方法。

31.C。此句为过渡句。承上启下，根据下文 “Here is how to make one.”可知，此处表示对睡眠有个好的规划将大有裨益。one相当于上文的a better plan。

32.B。此句为主题句。首先形式上要与第二个标题“Rethink mornings.”相一致，然后根据下文内容“你是为了起床和家庭共进早餐、晨练，还是为了更好地休息，为一天做好准备？一旦明确了你的理由，告诉你的家人或室友你想要做的改变。”可知，此处应为B项。

33.G。此句为过渡句。根据下文“That's a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer.”可知，重新考虑排队等待咖啡的15分钟时间，如果你买一个定时咖啡壶，你就可以多享受15分钟的睡眠了。

34.F。此句为概括句。根据上文可知，周六美美地补一觉是不错，但研究表明，这样会影响下周的睡眠。因此，不管白天是否休息，都要遵守你的作息时间。

35.E。此句为过渡句。根据下文“If not，take another look at other methods you could try.”可知，尝试了一种新方法一周后，查看一下记录，如果起作用就坚持，不起作用就另寻他法。

书面表达（共两节，20分）

第一节阅读表达（共4小题；第36、37题各两分，第38题2分，第39题4分，共10分）

36.Planting trees to reduce climate change. /Tree planting is used to reduce climate change./Using tree planting to reduce climate change.

37.Because of the rise of CO2 from burning fossil fuels. /Because of the rise of CO2./Because burning fossil fuels leads to the rise of CO2.

38.The team has found that the faster trees grow，the faster they store CO2，and the longer lives they live.

Because Berienen and his team found that faster-growing tree species died younger than slow-growing species. /According to Berienen and his team's research，faster-growing tree species died younger than slow-growing species./Because fast-growing tree species died younger than slow-growing species.

39.There are many things I can do to help. Firstly, I’ll take a reusable cloth bag and say no to plastic bags while shopping，for it can save energy and reduce pollution. Secondly, when I go somewhere, I’ll choose public transportation instead of private cars to reduce the emission of CO2.

第二节写作表达（共10分）

40.略