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2022-2023学年广东省“深惠湛东”四校联考高二上学期联考英语试题（解析版）
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这是一份2022-2023学年广东省“深惠湛东”四校联考高二上学期联考英语试题（解析版），共21页。
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。
第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
CES is prduced by the Cnsumer Technlgy Assciatin knwn as the place where many cmpanies launch their latest technlgy fferings. Here is a lk at sme f the tp prducts presented at CES 2022.
All-in-ne cmmunicatin
Technlgy cmpany Anker annunced the launch f an “all-in-ne” device designed t imprve cmmunicatins fr emplyees wrking frm hme. The Anker Wrk B600 sits n tp f the cmputer display like a traditinal webcam. But it cmbines several elements f cmmunicatin int ne device that includes a camera, speaker, micrphne and a light.
AirSelfie camera
Electrnics maker AirSelfie launched its latest self-flying camera designed t take “selfie” pictures. The new device, called Air Pix, is a small, light camera that flies thrugh the air and captures high-quality phtgraphs and vide. Air Pix can fly, frame and take pictures all by itself befre landing back n the user’s hand.
Labradr’s assistive rbt
Rbt maker Labradr annunced its Retriever rbt designed t hld things and, as its name suggests, als retrieve(恢复) things. The rbt can be cntrlled by vice cmmands r frm an app n a phne. It can als be prgrammed based n an exact map f a users hme.The Retriever is designed “ t serve as an extra pair f hands and lighten the lad f everyday tasks in the hme ”.
Self-driving tractr
American-based farm equipment manufacturer Jhn Deere presented a fully self-driving tractr equipped with six different cameras and a series f sensrs t guide the tractr thrugh the fields. Farmers can cntrl the vehicle and see the tractr’s prgress in real-time thrugh a mbile device which is t help farmers d mre wrk with less equipment and peple.
The cmpany nted that such machines can help imprve farming methds as the wrld’s ppulatin grws and fd demand is expected t rise 50 percent by 2050.
1. Which peratr’s prduct will telewrking staff be mst interested in?
A. AnkerB. AirselfieC. LabradrD. Jhn Deere
2. What kind f prduct can effectively help the elderly with mbility difficulties?
A. The“all-in-ne”device .B. Self-flying camera.
C. Retriever rbtD. The fully self-driving tractr.
3. What impact will self-driving tractrs have n agriculture in the future?
A. Imprving prducts quality
B. Prmting agricultural refrm.
C. Increasing agricultural investment.
D. Reducing the envirnmental pllutin.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了CES协会2022年消费者电子展上展示的一些顶级产品。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一个产品All-in-ne cmmunicatin中的“Technlgy cmpany Anker annunced the launch f an “all-in-ne” device designed t imprve cmmunicatins fr emplyees wrking frm hme.(科技公司Anker宣布推出一款“一体机”设备，旨在改善在家工作的员工的之间的沟通。)”可知，远程办公的员工最感兴趣的是科技公司Anker的产品。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三个产品Labradr’s assistive rbt中的“Rbt maker Labradr annunced its Retriever rbt designed t hld things and, as its name suggests, als retrieve(恢复) things. The rbt can be cntrlled by vice cmmands r frm an app n a phne.(机器人制造商拉布拉多宣布了它的“寻回者”机器人，顾名思义，它可以拿东西，也可以捡东西。机器人可以通过语音命令或手机上的应用程序进行控制。)”可知，“寻回者”机器人能有效帮助行动不便的老人。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The cmpany nted that such machines can help imprve farming methds as the wrld’s ppulatin grws and fd demand is expected t rise 50 percent by 2050.(该公司指出，随着世界人口的增长，预计到2050年粮食需求将增长50%，这种机器可以帮助改善农业方法。)”可知，未来无人驾驶拖拉机会推进农业改革。故选B。
B
Brn in Ptsdam (in the Kingdm f Prussia) in 1821, Helmhltz was ne f the 19th century’s mst knwledgeable scientists, whse name turns up in the histries f multiple scientific fields and specialties. As a yungster, he had an interest in physics, but that seemed a financially unwise career chice. He went t medical schl and studied physilgy instead, because he was drawn t thers wh prmted the pint that physilgy shuld be based n the principles f chemistry and physics, nt the vital frces that had been ppularly emphasized previusly.
After earning his medical degree, Helmhltz served as an army surgen befre becming prfessr f physilgy at the University f Knigsberg. During that time, he cmpsed a grundbreaking paper n the cnservatin f energy, which made him a gd reputatin in science cmmunity. His main argument is that all science can be reduced t mechanics. It is emphasized that Newtnian mechanics and Lagrangian mechanics are mathematically equivalent, s a frce can be measured by the Laplace methd in terms f the energy transferred by the frce r the wrk dne by the frce. All f this energy is cnserved. While at Knigsberg, he studied the nervus system, ptics (光学) and acustics (声学),especially with regard t the physilgy f the senses. Then he mved n t the University f bnn as prfessr f anatmy (解剖学) and physilgy.
After sme time at the University f Heidelberg, where he became interested in philsphy, in 1871 he was awarded the physics chair at the University f Berlin. At last he culd fcus n physics, emphasizing the imprtance f the principle f least actin fr explaining physical phenmena. He als explred the branches f Maxwell’s new thery. By this time, he was recgnized as ne f Germany’s premier scientists, until his death in 1894.
4. Why did Helmhltz chse t study physilgy?
A. He made the chice fr ecnmic difficulty.
B He wuld like t make himself have mre skills.
C. He preferred physilgy t chemistry and physics.
D. He was attracted by a different viewpint.
5. What made Helmhltz ppular amng scientists?
A. His degree in medical science.
B. His talent in chemistry and physics.
C. His paper n the cnservatin f energy.
D. His achievements as an army surgen.
6. What can be inferred abut Helmhltz frm the last paragraph?
A. He was a famus philspher.
B. He prved Maxwell’s new thery.
C. He was a physics prfessr at Knigsberg.
D. He devted his rest life t physical research.
7. Which wrds can best describe Helmhltz?
A. All-rund and determined.
B. Energetic and cautius.
C. Knwledgeable and brave.
D. Humrus and curageus.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Helmhltz作为一名多才多艺的科学家的生平事迹。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“He went t medical schl and studied physilgy instead, because he was drawn t thers wh prmted the pint that physilgy shuld be based n the principles f chemistry and physics, nt the vital frces that had been ppularly emphasized previusly.(他上了医学院，转而学习生理学，因为他被其他人所吸引，这些人认为生理学应该基于化学和物理原理，而不是之前普遍强调的生命力量)”可知，Helmhltz选择生理学专业的原因是他被不同于以前的观点所吸引。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“During that time, he cmpsed a grundbreaking paper n the cnservatin f energy, which made him a gd reputatin in science cmmunity.(在此期间，他写了一篇关于能量守恒的开创性论文，使他在科学界享有盛誉)”可知，Helmhltz关于能量守恒的论文使他在科学界很受欢迎。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“After sme time at the University f Heidelberg, where he became interested in philsphy, in 1871 he was awarded the physics chair at the University f Berlin. At last he culd fcus n physics, emphasizing the imprtance f the principle f least actin fr explaining physical phenmena.(在海德堡大学学习了一段时间后，他对哲学产生了兴趣，1871年，他被授予柏林大学物理学教授。最后，他可以专注于物理学，强调最小作用原理对于解释物理现象的重要性)”可推知，Helmhltz把他的余生献给了物理研究。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“After earning his medical degree, Helmhltz served as an army surgen befre becming prfessr f physilgy at the University f Knigsberg.(获得医学学位后，亥姆霍兹担任军医，后来成为哥尼斯堡大学生理学教授)”和最后一段的“After sme time at the University f Heidelberg, where he became interested in philsphy, in 1871 he was awarded the physics chair at the University f Berlin.(在海德堡大学学习了一段时间后，他开始对哲学感兴趣，1871年，他被授予柏林大学物理学教授)”可知，Helmhltz是全能的，即all-rund；根据第一段的“he was drawn t thers wh prmted the pint that physilgy shuld be based n the principles f chemistry and physics(他被那些主张生理学应该建立在化学和物理原理基础上的人所吸引)”，第二段的“he cmpsed a grundbreaking paper n the cnservatin f energy(他写了一篇关于能量守恒的开创性论文)”和最后一段的“At last he culd fcus n physics, emphasizing the imprtance f the principle f least actin fr explaining physical phenmena.(最后，他可以专注于物理学，强调最小作用原理对解释物理现象的重要性)”可知，Helmhltz从对物理学感兴趣到余生一直研究物理学，可推出他是有决心的，即determined。故选A。
C
Cntrary t ppular pinin, the scientific pursuit fr knwledge is nt a predictable and well-defined prcess. T make new discveries, researchers need the freedm t be creative fail, and learn by chance. There is the rmantic idea f the scientist wh has an Eureka mment (顿悟时刻) and suddenly arrives at new insights. Anther impressin is that research nly invlves frmal steps. Neither f thse ideas is crrect.
“Science and art are tw different ways t make smething cmprehensible r imaginable”, says Bichemistry Prfessr Dlf Weijers. “ Frm the utside, the research prcess lks very frmal and the artistic prcess lks smewhat messy. But the scientific prcess can als unfld in an unpredictable way. Creative and assciative thinking is very imprtant fr scientists t gain insight and make cnnectins.”
There is an intersectin between science and art. This is why Wageningen scientists lk t artists fr inspiratin and exchange ideas abut hw t amplify creative freedm. Weijers and his clleague Jris Sprakel, tgether with ther scientists and artists, have designed a plan t learn frm each ther and t exchange ideas. One example is the recent and special prject in which they measured the frces that act n plant cells. A mlecular (分子) sensr was used t visualise the different frces. They revealed the results in clurful images, each representing a different frce.
What science and art als have in cmmn is that they are tpics f discussin in sciety. There are peple wh say that they d nt value art and peple wh mistrust science. “It ften creates the wrng impressin because nly the results f scientific studies are presented, and peple d nt have any insight int the artistic prcess leading t discvery. As a scientist yu are criticised if yu say that smething is different a few years later. Then yu are viewed as unreliable. But what is ften prly understd is that there are n final results in science, ” says Weijers.
8. What is the first paragraph mainly abut?
A. The purpse f science research.B. The views n science research.
C. The attitude t science research.D. The hardship f science research.
9. What can we knw frm Weijers’s view?
A. The research prcess and the artistic prcess are ttally different.
B. The scientific prcess always unflds in an unpredictable way.
C. Scientists shuld have creative and assciative thinking.
D The artistic prcess is t messy t be used in research.
10. What des the underlined wrd “amplify” mean in the third paragraph?
A. Detect.B. Abandn.C. Imply.D. Increase.
11. Why des the authr mentin Weijers’s research n plant cells?
A. T display the beauty f clurful images.
B. T stress the imprtance f thinking freely.
C. T present the findings f his recent prject.
D. T shw the cnnectin between science and art.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了艺术在科学研究中的作用，艺术与科学之间是有交叉的。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Cntrary t ppular pinin, the scientific pursuit fr knwledge is nt a predictable and well-defined prcess. T make new discveries, researchers need the freedm t be creative fail, and learn by chance. There is the rmantic idea f the scientist wh has an Eureka mment (顿悟时刻) and suddenly arrives at new insights. Anther impressin is that research nly invlves frmal steps. Neither f thse ideas is crrect.(与流行的观点相反，对知识的科学追求不是一个可预测和明确定义的过程。为了有新的发现，研究人员需要创造性的自由，失败和学习的机会。有一个浪漫的想法，科学家有一个顿悟时刻，突然得到新的见解。另一个印象是，研究只涉及正式步骤。这些想法都不正确。)”可知，第一段主要讨论对科学研究的观念问题。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段中的“Science and art are tw different ways t make smething cmprehensible r imaginable(科学和艺术是使事物变得可理解或可想象的两种不同方式)”和“But the scientific prcess can als unfld in an unpredictable way. Creative and assciative thinking is very imprtant fr scientists t gain insight and make cnnectins.(但科学过程也可能以一种不可预测的方式展开。创造性和联想思维对科学家获得洞察力和建立联系非常重要。)”可知，我们能从Weijers的观点中了解到科学家应该有创造性和联想思维。故选C。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Creative and assciative thinking is very imprtant fr scientists t gain insight and make cnnectins.(创造性和联想思维对科学家获得洞察力和建立联系非常重要。)”和第三段的“There is an intersectin between science and art.)(科学和艺术之间有交集。)”和“lk t artists fr inspiratin and exchange ideas(从艺术家那里寻找灵感并交流想法)”可知，划线词所在句子表示“科学和艺术之间有交集。这就是为什么瓦赫宁根的科学家们从艺术家那里寻找灵感，并就如何扩大创作自由交换意见”，因此划线词amplify的意思是“扩大，增加”，和increase意思相近，故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。第三段第一句“There is an intersectin between science and art.(科学和艺术之间有交集。)”和最后一句“They revealed the results in clurful images, each representing a different frce.(他们用彩色图像展示了实验结果，每张图像代表一种不同的力。)”可知，通过Weijers的研究事例说明艺术与科学之间的交叉融合，表明艺术与科学的联系，强调艺术灵感在科学研究中的价值。故选D。
D
The Fd and Drug Administratin (FDA) has t recall hundreds f fds every year. Like ckie snack packs with pieces f blue plastic hiding inside, dressing and sauce cntaining salmnella (沙门氏菌) r varius jams cntaining with lead (铅).
It can take a few mnths befre a recall is issued. But nw researchers have cme up with a methd that might fast-track that prcess, leading t early detectin and, ultimately, faster recalls. The AI system relies n the fact that peple increasingly buy fds and spices nline. And peple tend t write reviews f prducts they buy nline, which are like bread crumbs (包屑) t fd-safety fficials sniffing (嗅) ut dangerus prducts.
The researchers linked FDA fd recalls frm 2012 t 2014 t amazn reviews f thse same prducts. They then trained machine-learning algrithms (算法) t distinguish between reviews fr recalled items and reviews fr items that had nt been flagged. And the trained algrithms were able t predict FDA recalls three quarters f the time. They als identified anther 20, 000 reviews fr pssibly unsafe fds, mst f which had never been recalled. The results are published in Jurnal f the American Medical In frmatics Assciatin.
The Wrld Health Organizatin estimates that 600 millin peple wrldwide get sick annually frm plluted fd, and mre than 400,000 peple die frm it. “Shaving tls that enable us t detect this a lt faster and hpefully investigate and d recalls faster will be useful nt just in the U. S. but in ther cuntries arund the wrld as well.” Study authr Elaine Nsesie f Bstn University. She did add ne warning even recalled prducts can still get five-star reviews. S stars alne dn’t tell the whle sickening stry. The prf unfrtunately, may still be in the pudding.
12. What will help Fda recall unsafe fds faster than befre?
A. Effrts f fd-safety fficials
B. Lts f nline reviews f prducts
C. New measures f fd-safety fficials.
D. Online reviews f the plluted fds
13. Hw des the authr intrduce the prcess f the research?
A. By describing facts.B. By giving examples
C. By analyzing data.D. By making cmparisns.
14. What’s elaine’s attitude twards five-star reviews?
A. TlerantB. SkepticalC. Ambiguus.D. apprval
15. Which may be the mst suitable title fr the text?
A AI Sniffs ut Unsafe Fds
B. FDA Detects Unsafe fds
C. AI Helps FDA Judge Reviews
D. FDA Develps System f Judging Reviews
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究者开发了一种新的AI系统，通过网上对产品的评论快速地筛选出不安全食品。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“And peple tend t write reviews f prducts they buy nline, which are like bread crumbs (包屑) t fd-safety fficials sniffing (嗅) ut dangerus prducts.(人们倾向于对他们在网上购买的产品进行评论，这对食品安全官员来说就像面包屑一样，可以嗅出危险的产品)”和第三段第一句“The researchers linked FDA fd recalls frm 2012 t 2014 t amazn reviews f thse same prducts.(研究人员将2012年至2014年的FDA食品召回与亚马逊对这些相同产品的评论联系起来)”可知，大量的网上关于产品的评论有助于FDA比以前更快地召回不安全食品。故选B项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The researchers linked FDA fd recalls frm 2012 t 2014 t amazn reviews f thse same prducts. They then trained machine-learning algrithms (算法) t distinguish between reviews fr recalled items and reviews fr items that had nt been flagged.(研究人员将2012年至2014年FDA食品召回与亚马逊对这些产品的评论联系起来。然后，他们训练机器学习算法，以区分召回项目的评论和未标记项目的评论)”和“They als identified anther 20, 000 reviews fr pssibly unsafe fds, mst f which had never been recalled.(他们还发现了另外2万份可能不安全食品的评论，其中大部分从未被召回)”可知，作者是通过描述事实来介绍研究过程的。故选A项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“She did add ne warning even recalled prducts can still get five-star reviews. S stars alne dn’t tell the whle sickening stry. The prf unfrtunately, may still be in the pudding.(她确实添加了一个警告，即使召回的产品仍然可以获得五星评论。因此，仅靠明星并不能说明整个令人作呕的故事。 不幸的是，证据可能还在布丁里)”可知，Elaine对五星评论持有怀疑的态度。故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“It can take a few mnths befre a recall is issued. But nw researchers have cme up with a methd that might fast-track that prcess, leading t early detectin and, ultimately, faster recalls. The AI system relies n the fact that peple increasingly buy fds and spices nline.(召回可能需要几个月的时间。但现在研究人员已经提出了一种方法，可以快速跟踪这一过程，从而早期发现并最终更快地召回。人工智能系统依赖于人们越来越多地在网上购买食品和香料的事实)”可知，此处讲述的是研究者的新发现，研究报告类的文章主题与研究的新发现相关，而A项中的“AI Sniffs ut Unsafe Fds(人工智能嗅出不安全的食品)”与研究发现相关，符合题意。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Dancing is natural and almst any child can dance. Hwever, why d s many peple find it hard t dance when they reach their teens r adulthd? ____16____
Mst peple have heard the wrds Dance like nbdy is watching. “ ____17____ When we’re learning smething new, we hate having an audience watching ur silly mistakes. Actually everyne else is t busy wrrying abut their wn mistakes. Chances are that yu’re nt the nly ne struggling with the steps!
We all have patterns f muscle memry. Yur bdy likes ding repetitive mvements that it desn t have t think abut. ____18____ Yur brain may understand, but it can take a while t direct yur limbs t interpret these new and unfamiliar mvements. Be patient with yurself and understand it’s the way yur bdy wrks.
____19____If yu’ve never danced befre, the cmplex rhythms and fast ftwrk f flamenc wuld be a big challenge as the first dance style. If yu’re inflexible, I wuldn’t recmmend starting cld with ballet, either. Instead, d sme yga first t get yur bdy used t the new demands ballet will place n it
A lack f rhythm is the biggest bstacle t learning t dance. Hwever, it can be vercme with enugh practice. ____20____ Then learn t dance when yu begin t feel the beat.Dance can be a very rewarding and enjyable hbby. Just be patient with yurself and learn t dance
A. It’s human nature t dislike lking flish
B. Yu’ll be able t d them almst withut thinking.
C. If yu have n rhythm, try t master dance steps first.
D. Learning a musical instrument is a gd way t learn rhythm.
E Dance requires yu t mve yur arms and legs in unusual ways.
F. The ther pssibility is that yu picked a style f dance that desn’t suit yu.
G. There are many things that can hld peple back when they try t learn dancing.
【答案】16. G 17. A 18. E 19. F 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。跳舞可以是一种非常有益和愉快的爱好。然而，为什么很多人在十几岁或成年后发现跳舞很难呢?本文对此做出了相应的解释，并对如何学会跳舞做了介绍。
【16题详解】
空前一句提出问题“Hwever, why d s many peple find it hard t dance when they reach their teens r adulthd?(然而，为什么这么多人在十几岁或成年后发现很难跳舞？)”可知，此空处做出回答，G项“There are many things that can hld peple back when they try t learn dancing.(这里有许多事情会阻碍人们在尝试学习舞蹈时退缩。)”对空前的问题做出回答，符合题意。故选G项。
【17题详解】
根据空后一句“When we’re learning smething new, we hate having an audience watching ur silly mistakes.(当我们学习新东西时，我们讨厌让观众看到我们愚蠢的错误。)”可知，不喜欢看上去愚蠢是人类的天性，因此人们都会讨厌有观众观看自己犯愚蠢的错误，该内容与A项“It’s human nature t dislike lking flish(不喜欢看起来愚蠢是人类的天性)”内容吻合。故选A项。
【18题详解】
空后一句“Yur brain may understand, but it can take a while t direct yur limbs t interpret these new and unfamiliar mvements.(你的大脑也许能理解，但引导你的肢体来解释这些新的和不熟悉的动作可能需要一段时间。)”中的内容，指代的恰好是E项中“…t mve yur arms and legs in unusual ways(……以不寻常的方式移动你的胳膊和腿)”。故选E项。
【19题详解】
空后面的“If yu’ve never danced befre, the cmplex rhythms and fast ftwrk f flamenc wuld be a big challenge as the first dance style.”与F项“The ther pssibility is that yu picked a style f dance that desn’t suit yu.”内容相吻合。故选F项。
【20题详解】
分析段落结构以及空后句子“Then learn t dance when yu begin t feel the beat.(然后当你开始感觉到节拍时学习跳舞。)”中的then可知，此空处选择的内容与Then相呼应，而C项“If yu have n rhythm, try t master dance steps first.(如果你没有节奏，试着先掌握舞步。)”中的first与then正好相呼应。故选C项。
第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The Cambridge University Library in Britain received a gift in early March, 2022. Smene ____21____ a pink gift bag near the building with a nte: “Happy Easter, x,” it read. Inside the bag was the gift: tw small ntebks frm the famus British naturalist Charles Darwin, wh is____22____ with the thery f evlutin. One f the ____23____ has a famus drawing in it called the “Tree f Life”. Darwin made the drawing in 1837.
The university talked abut the ____24____n Tuesday. Cambridge believes the ntebks were ____25____ 20 years ag. They were first thught t be ____26____ inside the building after they were taken t be phtgraphed. But, after searching thrugh 10 millin bks, maps and dcuments, the university reprted the ntebks ____27____ t plice in 2020.
British investigatrs ntified plice arund the wrld, and a ____28____began. The ntebks are valued at millins f dllars. They were ____29____hwever, in gd cnditin.
Darwin’s ntebks cntained writings abut his famus trip arund the wrld n the ship H.M. S. Beagle. The research ____30____ his bk n evlutin called On the Origin f species.
Cambridge University Librarian Jessica Gardner said she was ____31____ t see the ntebks. But she said her true ____32____ are prfund and almst impssible t enugh express.
Gardner said the ntebks will g back int the Darwin Archive. The library is als ____33____t the wrks by scientists Stephen Hawking and Isaac Newtn.
The ntebks will be n display later this year in a Darwin shw at the library.
Lcal plice said they are cntinuing t ____34____ wh may have taken the ntebks and asked fr help frm anyne wh has ____35____ abut the case.
21. A. presentedB. leftC. prvidedD. abandned
22. A. satisfiedB. interestedC. creditedD. devted
23. A. giftsB. bagsC. wrksD. ntebks
24. A. incidentB. amusementC. librarianD. cnflict
25. A. cveredB. takenC. cpiedD. phtgraphed
26. A. destryedB. survivingC. buriedD. missing
27. A. hiddenB. remvedC. stlenD. purchased
28. A. searchB. researchC. trialD. restratin
29. A. changedB. claimedC. returnedD. ffered
30. A. belnged tB. led tC. appealed tD. accunted t
31. A. relievedB. embarrassedC. anxiusD. cncerned
32. A. reflectinsB. answersC. feelingsD. ideas
33. A. equalB. hmeC. reducedD. limited
34. A. lk intB. respnd tC. happen tD. prepare fr
35. A. cntentsB. newsC. imagesD. infrmatin
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是达尔文的笔记失而复得。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有人在大楼附近留下了一个粉红色的礼物袋，上面写着：“复活节快乐，x。”A. presented颁发，赠送；B. left留下；C. prvided提供；D. abandned放弃。根据上文“a pink gift bag near the building”可知，有人在大楼附近留下了一个粉红色的礼物袋。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：包里是礼物：英国著名博物学家查尔斯·达尔文的两本小笔记本，达尔文被认为是进化论的创始人。A. satisfied满意的；B. interested感兴趣的；C. credited认为……有；D. devted挚爱的，忠诚的。根据下文“the thery f evlutin”及常识可知，达尔文被认为是进化论的创始人，be credited with意为“被认为有”。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：其中一本笔记本上有一幅著名的画，叫做“生命之树”。A. gifts礼物；B. bags包；C. wrks作品；D. ntebks笔记本。根据上文“tw small ntebks”可知，此处表示“其中一本笔记本上有一幅著名的画，叫做“生命之树””。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：该大学周二谈到了这一事件。A. incident事件；B. amusement开心，娱乐；C. librarian图书馆馆长，图书馆管理员；D. cnflict矛盾。根据上文“The Cambridge University Library in Britain received a gift in early March, 2022”可知，此处表示“该大学周二谈到了这一事件”。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：剑桥大学认为这些笔记本是20年前被盗的。A. cvered覆盖；B. taken拿走；C. cpied复制；D. phtgraphed拍照。根据最后一段的“wh may have taken the ntebks”可知，此处表示“剑桥大学认为这些笔记本是20年前被盗的”，空格处意为“拿走”。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他们被拍照后，人们第一次以为他们在大楼里失踪了。A. destryed破坏；B. surviving幸存；C. buried埋葬；D. missing发觉丢失。根据上文“the ntebks were__5__20 years ag”可知，此处表示“在他们被拍照后，人们第一次以为他们在大楼里失踪了”。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，在搜索了1000万本书、地图和文件后，该大学于2020年向警方报告了笔记本被盗。A. hidden躲藏；B. remved搬开；C. stlen偷；D. purchased购买。根据上文“Cambridge believes the ntebks were ___5__20 years ag. They were first thught t be___6___ inside the building”可知，该大学于2020年向警方报告了笔记本被盗。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：英国调查人员通知了世界各地的警方，搜索开始了。A. search搜索，搜寻；B. research研究；C. trial试验；D. restratin修复。根据上文“British investigatrs ntified plice arund the wrld”可知，警察开始寻找笔记本。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，它们完好无损地回来了。A. changed改变；B. claimed索赔；C. returned回来；D. ffered提供。根据第一段的“Inside the bag was the gift: tw small ntebks frm the famus British naturalist Charles Darwin”可知，笔记本完好无损地回来了。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这项研究促成了他关于进化的著作《物种起源》。A. belnged t属于；B. led t导致，促成；C. appealed t吸引；D. accunted t对……作出解释。根据下文“his bk n evlutin called On the Origin f species”可知，这项研究促成了他关于进化的著作《物种起源》。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：剑桥大学图书管理员杰西卡·加德纳说，看到这些笔记本她松了一口气。A. relieved松了一口气的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. anxius焦虑的；D. cncerned担忧的。根据下文“see the ntebks”可知，笔记本回来了，那剑桥大学图书管理员杰西卡·加德纳肯定觉得松了一口气。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但她说，她的真实感觉是深刻的，几乎无法充分表达。A. reflectins影像，倒影；B. answers回答；C. feelings感觉；D. ideas主意。根据下文“prfund and almst impssible t enugh express”可知，此处表示她觉得她的感觉是深刻的，几乎无法充分表达。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：图书馆还收藏了科学家斯蒂芬·霍金和艾萨克·牛顿的著作。A. equal相等的；B. hme适于存放……的地方；C. reduced减少的；D. limited有限的。根据下文“t the wrks by scientists Stephen Hawking and Isaac Newtn”可知，图书馆还收藏了科学家斯蒂芬·霍金和艾萨克·牛顿的著作，be hme t意为“为……的所在地”。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当地警方表示，他们正在继续调查是谁拿走了笔记本，并向任何了解此案信息的人寻求帮助。A. lk int调查；B. respnd t回答；C. happen t碰巧；D. prepare fr为……做准备。根据下文“wh may have taken the ntebks”可知，警方表示他们正在继续调查是谁拿走了笔记本。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当地警方表示，他们正在继续调查是谁拿走了笔记本，并向任何了解此案信息的人寻求帮助。A. cntents内容；B. news新闻；C. images图像；D. infrmatin信息。根据上文“asked fr help frm anyne”可知，警方是向任何了解此案信息的人寻求帮助。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tianwen 1 China’s histric Mars missin, has ____36____ (successful) accmplished all its planned scientific tasks, accrding t the China Natinal Space Administratin. The administratin said n Wednesday the Tianwen 1 missin rbiter had btained medium-definitin images f the entire planet, ____37____ (mark) the cmpletin f its scientific gals. The craft ____38____ (circle) Mars 1, 344 times s far and will cntinue t carry ut extended remte-sensing peratins and ____39____ (technlgy) tests.
Named after an ancient Chinese pem, Tianwen 1 ____40____ (launch) n July 23, 2020. The craft travelled abut 475 millin kilmetres and carried ut several trajectry maneuvers (变轨) befre entering Martian rbit in February last year.
Meanwhile, the Zhurng Mars rver (漫游者), ____41____has been in drmant (休眠的) mde since mid-May, is expected ____42____ (restart) explratins in December, when the weather is mre favrable.
The rver, named after the gd f fire in ancient Chinese legend, tuched dwn ____43____ the planet n May 15, 2021 and began t travel acrss the Martian surface a week later. Befre it entered drmant mde, the rbt travelled nearly 2, 000 metres and btained much data and many images n the rad t its destinatin the vast Martian plain where it landed.
By nw, the 13 scientific____44____ (instrument) n the rbiter and the rver have transmitted nearly 1,040 gigabytes (十亿字节) f raw data back t Earth. The data has been delivered t Chinese scientists and has helped deepen knwledge f _____45_____ Red Planet.
【答案】36. successfully
37. marking
38. has circled
39. technlgical
40. was launched
41. which 42. t restart
43. n 44. instruments
45. the
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的天问一号成功完成既定探索火星的任务。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：中国国家航天局表示，中国历史性的火星任务“天问一号”已成功完成所有计划的科学任务。设空处应为副词修饰动词accmplished 。故填successfully。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：国家航天局周三表示，“天问一号”任务轨道飞行器已经获得了整个行星的中清晰度图像，标志着其科学目标的完成。本句谓语动词为had btained，因此设空处应为非谓语，表示结果，应用现在分词。故填marking。
【38题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，该探测器已经绕火星飞行了1344圈，并将继续进行远距离遥感操作和技术测试。设空处为谓语，根据时间状语s far，可知用现在完成时，主语The craft是单数，助动词用has。故填has circled。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意同上。设空处应用形容词修饰名词tests。故填technlgical。
【40题详解】
考查主谓一致、时态和语态。句意：“天问一号”以一首中国古诗命名，于2020年7月23日发射。分析可知，主语Tianwen 1为单数，且与launch 之间为动宾关系，July23, 2020为过去时间，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故用was launched 。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：与此同时，自5月中旬以来一直处于休眠状态的“祝融号”火星探测器预计将在12月天气更加有利的时候重新开始探索。 设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the Zhurng Mars rver，关系代词在从句做主语，应用关系代词which。故用which。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。短语be expected t d，意为“被期待做某事”，故填t restart。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：祝融号以中国古代传说中的火神命名，于2021年5月15日登陆火星，一周后开始在火星表面行驶。分析可知，降落在这个行星上，用介词n。故填n。
【44题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：目前为止，轨道飞行器和火星车上的13台科学仪器已经向地球传输了近1040gb的原始数据。设空处为名词做主语，前面有13修饰，应用可数名词复数形式。故用instruments。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这些数据已被发送给中国科学家，帮助加深了对这颗红色星球的了解这里。结合上下文，此处应用定冠词the修饰名词短语，the Red Planet 特指火星。故用the。
第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，暑期刚刚结束了外教Mr.Kidd的网络课程学习。请你给他写一封课程反馈的邮件，内容如下：
1．表示感激；
2．你的评价；
3．你的建议。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mr. Kidd,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】One pssible versin
Dear Mr. Kidd,
I’m writing t extend my sincere gratitude fr all the effrts yu’ve made in preparing and presenting the nline curse.
Yur curse is highly infrmative and beneficial. It prvides easy access t seeing life frm a new perspective, thus bradening ur minds t the utside wrld. Yur humrus teaching style invlves us in a relaxing and pleasant atmsphere, which nt nly stimulates my interest but als builds my cnfidence.
If yu can have a mre flexible time schedule and prvide a vide playback, I believe we can benefit mre. Lking frward t yur next curse.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Mr.Kidd写一封关于课程学习反馈的邮件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
诚挚的：sincere →genuine
感激：gratitude → appreciatin
提供： prvide →ffer
期望：lk frward t → expect
2.句式拓展
原句：It prvides easy access t seeing life frm a new perspective, thus bradening ur minds t the utside wrld.
拓展句：It prvides easy access t seeing life frm a new perspective, which bradens ur minds t the utside wrld.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Yur humrus teaching style invlves us in a relaxing and pleasant atmsphere, which nt nly stimulates my interest but als builds my cnfidence.（运用了which 引导的非限定性定语从句）
[高分句型2] If yu can have a mre flexible time schedule and prvide a vide playback, I believe we can benefit mre.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句和that（已省）引导的宾语从句）
第二节
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My three children played peacefully in the back yard. This alne shuld have put me n alert , but the setting was s pleasant that I hung ur clthes t dry in the sft breeze and enjyed the unseasnably warm September afternn. Our hme was nestled in a frest f the Nrthern Califrnia fthills, facing a shining lake, with just a few neighbrs
It was a gd place t raise ur children: fur-year-ld Andre, tw-and-a-half-year-ld Yvnne, and furteen-mnth-ld Philippe. Frm the clthesline I had a clear view f the kids Philippe was s cute, wearing nly a diaper as he was glued t a flwer lking at a butterfly. He was always the curius ne
Our dg Jessie was always present, a cnstant participant in all the family activities. She lay fast asleep, warming herself in the sun. She was really gentle and kind, and her nly annying trait was her tendency t leave the huse when I wasn’t lking. But this day, she was t prve her wrth
Having hung a whle basket f clthes, I ventured a int the huse t grab a pile f wet sheets frm the washing machine. As I wasn’t in the habit f leaving my children unattended, I returned quickly t my clthesline duty. Just then, I nticed that Jessie had mved away frm where she was lying. I exclaimed angrily, That dg! She’s ff again, and we dn’t need any mre puppies! Lking arund fr her but failing t find her, I cntinued my laundry respnsibilities, tk a quick survey f the kids and saw, t my hrrr, that Philippe was missing. T my knwledge, n car and n passers-by had passed the usual paths clse t ur hme. I began t yell his name, trying t stay calm.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右;
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I raced up and dwn the street, but n philippe!
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Tears streaming dwn my face, I ran tward Philippe and Jessie
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin
I raced up and dwn the street, but n Philippe! Having searched the whle street, I went back hme t check n the ther tw kids and call the plice. As I lifted the receiver t my ear, I glanced ut the windw verlking the lake. There, my little by was staggering t catch the butterfly, s clse t the lake that it seemed as if he wuld fall int it the next secnd. Mercifully, Jessie sprang up at his side, pushing him away frm danger with her nse, gently and carefully.
Tears streaming dwn my face, I ran tward Philippe and Jessie. Hands trembling, I picked up Philippe and inspected his little bdy fr any wunds and injuries, while Jessie jumped happily arund us, head up and tail wagging. Overflwing with gratitude, I hugged her tightly and kissed her frehead repeatedly. The whle suffering spanned maybe fifteen minutes, but it felt like an eternity fr me. Thanks t ur dear Jessie, I had Philippe back safely. Jessie was a valued family member, and we really needed her.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了天气很好，作者的三个孩子在院子里玩耍，他们的狗也在院子里睡觉，作者冒险进屋去取湿床单，回来却发现她的孩子菲利普和狗狗杰西都不见了，于是她匆忙的去寻找。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我在街上跑来跑去，可是找不到菲利普!”可知，第一段可描写作者找孩子的过程，最终发现孩子和狗狗。
②由第二段首句内容“我泪流满面，跑向菲利普和杰西。”可知，第二段可描写作者最后找到了孩子，并且知道是她的狗狗杰西帮忙看护孩子，没让孩子受伤，所以作者非常感激杰西。
2.续写线索：搜索街道——报警——看到湖边的孩子——杰西保护孩子——检查孩子——感谢杰西——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.查找：search/seek/lk fr
②. 瞥见，看：glance/catch sight f/see
③. 拥抱：hug/hld in ne's arms/embrace
情绪类
①.感谢：with gratitude /shwing ne’s appreciatin/shw ne’s gratitude/be grateful
②.开心：happily/feel happy/be delight with
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. As I lifted the receiver t my ear, I glanced ut the windw verlking the lake.（由as引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]. Hands trembling, I picked up Philippe and inspected his little bdy fr any wunds and injuries, while Jessie jumped happily arund us, head up and tail wagging.（由while连接的并列句和独立主格形式）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。
第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
CES is prduced by the Cnsumer Technlgy Assciatin knwn as the place where many cmpanies launch their latest technlgy fferings. Here is a lk at sme f the tp prducts presented at CES 2022.
All-in-ne cmmunicatin
Technlgy cmpany Anker annunced the launch f an “all-in-ne” device designed t imprve cmmunicatins fr emplyees wrking frm hme. The Anker Wrk B600 sits n tp f the cmputer display like a traditinal webcam. But it cmbines several elements f cmmunicatin int ne device that includes a camera, speaker, micrphne and a light.
AirSelfie camera
Electrnics maker AirSelfie launched its latest self-flying camera designed t take “selfie” pictures. The new device, called Air Pix, is a small, light camera that flies thrugh the air and captures high-quality phtgraphs and vide. Air Pix can fly, frame and take pictures all by itself befre landing back n the user’s hand.
Labradr’s assistive rbt
Rbt maker Labradr annunced its Retriever rbt designed t hld things and, as its name suggests, als retrieve(恢复) things. The rbt can be cntrlled by vice cmmands r frm an app n a phne. It can als be prgrammed based n an exact map f a users hme.The Retriever is designed “ t serve as an extra pair f hands and lighten the lad f everyday tasks in the hme ”.
Self-driving tractr
American-based farm equipment manufacturer Jhn Deere presented a fully self-driving tractr equipped with six different cameras and a series f sensrs t guide the tractr thrugh the fields. Farmers can cntrl the vehicle and see the tractr’s prgress in real-time thrugh a mbile device which is t help farmers d mre wrk with less equipment and peple.
The cmpany nted that such machines can help imprve farming methds as the wrld’s ppulatin grws and fd demand is expected t rise 50 percent by 2050.
1. Which peratr’s prduct will telewrking staff be mst interested in?
A. AnkerB. AirselfieC. LabradrD. Jhn Deere
2. What kind f prduct can effectively help the elderly with mbility difficulties?
A. The“all-in-ne”device .B. Self-flying camera.
C. Retriever rbtD. The fully self-driving tractr.
3. What impact will self-driving tractrs have n agriculture in the future?
A. Imprving prducts quality
B. Prmting agricultural refrm.
C. Increasing agricultural investment.
D. Reducing the envirnmental pllutin.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了CES协会2022年消费者电子展上展示的一些顶级产品。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一个产品All-in-ne cmmunicatin中的“Technlgy cmpany Anker annunced the launch f an “all-in-ne” device designed t imprve cmmunicatins fr emplyees wrking frm hme.(科技公司Anker宣布推出一款“一体机”设备，旨在改善在家工作的员工的之间的沟通。)”可知，远程办公的员工最感兴趣的是科技公司Anker的产品。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三个产品Labradr’s assistive rbt中的“Rbt maker Labradr annunced its Retriever rbt designed t hld things and, as its name suggests, als retrieve(恢复) things. The rbt can be cntrlled by vice cmmands r frm an app n a phne.(机器人制造商拉布拉多宣布了它的“寻回者”机器人，顾名思义，它可以拿东西，也可以捡东西。机器人可以通过语音命令或手机上的应用程序进行控制。)”可知，“寻回者”机器人能有效帮助行动不便的老人。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The cmpany nted that such machines can help imprve farming methds as the wrld’s ppulatin grws and fd demand is expected t rise 50 percent by 2050.(该公司指出，随着世界人口的增长，预计到2050年粮食需求将增长50%，这种机器可以帮助改善农业方法。)”可知，未来无人驾驶拖拉机会推进农业改革。故选B。
B
Brn in Ptsdam (in the Kingdm f Prussia) in 1821, Helmhltz was ne f the 19th century’s mst knwledgeable scientists, whse name turns up in the histries f multiple scientific fields and specialties. As a yungster, he had an interest in physics, but that seemed a financially unwise career chice. He went t medical schl and studied physilgy instead, because he was drawn t thers wh prmted the pint that physilgy shuld be based n the principles f chemistry and physics, nt the vital frces that had been ppularly emphasized previusly.
After earning his medical degree, Helmhltz served as an army surgen befre becming prfessr f physilgy at the University f Knigsberg. During that time, he cmpsed a grundbreaking paper n the cnservatin f energy, which made him a gd reputatin in science cmmunity. His main argument is that all science can be reduced t mechanics. It is emphasized that Newtnian mechanics and Lagrangian mechanics are mathematically equivalent, s a frce can be measured by the Laplace methd in terms f the energy transferred by the frce r the wrk dne by the frce. All f this energy is cnserved. While at Knigsberg, he studied the nervus system, ptics (光学) and acustics (声学),especially with regard t the physilgy f the senses. Then he mved n t the University f bnn as prfessr f anatmy (解剖学) and physilgy.
After sme time at the University f Heidelberg, where he became interested in philsphy, in 1871 he was awarded the physics chair at the University f Berlin. At last he culd fcus n physics, emphasizing the imprtance f the principle f least actin fr explaining physical phenmena. He als explred the branches f Maxwell’s new thery. By this time, he was recgnized as ne f Germany’s premier scientists, until his death in 1894.
4. Why did Helmhltz chse t study physilgy?
A. He made the chice fr ecnmic difficulty.
B He wuld like t make himself have mre skills.
C. He preferred physilgy t chemistry and physics.
D. He was attracted by a different viewpint.
5. What made Helmhltz ppular amng scientists?
A. His degree in medical science.
B. His talent in chemistry and physics.
C. His paper n the cnservatin f energy.
D. His achievements as an army surgen.
6. What can be inferred abut Helmhltz frm the last paragraph?
A. He was a famus philspher.
B. He prved Maxwell’s new thery.
C. He was a physics prfessr at Knigsberg.
D. He devted his rest life t physical research.
7. Which wrds can best describe Helmhltz?
A. All-rund and determined.
B. Energetic and cautius.
C. Knwledgeable and brave.
D. Humrus and curageus.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Helmhltz作为一名多才多艺的科学家的生平事迹。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“He went t medical schl and studied physilgy instead, because he was drawn t thers wh prmted the pint that physilgy shuld be based n the principles f chemistry and physics, nt the vital frces that had been ppularly emphasized previusly.(他上了医学院，转而学习生理学，因为他被其他人所吸引，这些人认为生理学应该基于化学和物理原理，而不是之前普遍强调的生命力量)”可知，Helmhltz选择生理学专业的原因是他被不同于以前的观点所吸引。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“During that time, he cmpsed a grundbreaking paper n the cnservatin f energy, which made him a gd reputatin in science cmmunity.(在此期间，他写了一篇关于能量守恒的开创性论文，使他在科学界享有盛誉)”可知，Helmhltz关于能量守恒的论文使他在科学界很受欢迎。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“After sme time at the University f Heidelberg, where he became interested in philsphy, in 1871 he was awarded the physics chair at the University f Berlin. At last he culd fcus n physics, emphasizing the imprtance f the principle f least actin fr explaining physical phenmena.(在海德堡大学学习了一段时间后，他对哲学产生了兴趣，1871年，他被授予柏林大学物理学教授。最后，他可以专注于物理学，强调最小作用原理对于解释物理现象的重要性)”可推知，Helmhltz把他的余生献给了物理研究。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“After earning his medical degree, Helmhltz served as an army surgen befre becming prfessr f physilgy at the University f Knigsberg.(获得医学学位后，亥姆霍兹担任军医，后来成为哥尼斯堡大学生理学教授)”和最后一段的“After sme time at the University f Heidelberg, where he became interested in philsphy, in 1871 he was awarded the physics chair at the University f Berlin.(在海德堡大学学习了一段时间后，他开始对哲学感兴趣，1871年，他被授予柏林大学物理学教授)”可知，Helmhltz是全能的，即all-rund；根据第一段的“he was drawn t thers wh prmted the pint that physilgy shuld be based n the principles f chemistry and physics(他被那些主张生理学应该建立在化学和物理原理基础上的人所吸引)”，第二段的“he cmpsed a grundbreaking paper n the cnservatin f energy(他写了一篇关于能量守恒的开创性论文)”和最后一段的“At last he culd fcus n physics, emphasizing the imprtance f the principle f least actin fr explaining physical phenmena.(最后，他可以专注于物理学，强调最小作用原理对解释物理现象的重要性)”可知，Helmhltz从对物理学感兴趣到余生一直研究物理学，可推出他是有决心的，即determined。故选A。
C
Cntrary t ppular pinin, the scientific pursuit fr knwledge is nt a predictable and well-defined prcess. T make new discveries, researchers need the freedm t be creative fail, and learn by chance. There is the rmantic idea f the scientist wh has an Eureka mment (顿悟时刻) and suddenly arrives at new insights. Anther impressin is that research nly invlves frmal steps. Neither f thse ideas is crrect.
“Science and art are tw different ways t make smething cmprehensible r imaginable”, says Bichemistry Prfessr Dlf Weijers. “ Frm the utside, the research prcess lks very frmal and the artistic prcess lks smewhat messy. But the scientific prcess can als unfld in an unpredictable way. Creative and assciative thinking is very imprtant fr scientists t gain insight and make cnnectins.”
There is an intersectin between science and art. This is why Wageningen scientists lk t artists fr inspiratin and exchange ideas abut hw t amplify creative freedm. Weijers and his clleague Jris Sprakel, tgether with ther scientists and artists, have designed a plan t learn frm each ther and t exchange ideas. One example is the recent and special prject in which they measured the frces that act n plant cells. A mlecular (分子) sensr was used t visualise the different frces. They revealed the results in clurful images, each representing a different frce.
What science and art als have in cmmn is that they are tpics f discussin in sciety. There are peple wh say that they d nt value art and peple wh mistrust science. “It ften creates the wrng impressin because nly the results f scientific studies are presented, and peple d nt have any insight int the artistic prcess leading t discvery. As a scientist yu are criticised if yu say that smething is different a few years later. Then yu are viewed as unreliable. But what is ften prly understd is that there are n final results in science, ” says Weijers.
8. What is the first paragraph mainly abut?
A. The purpse f science research.B. The views n science research.
C. The attitude t science research.D. The hardship f science research.
9. What can we knw frm Weijers’s view?
A. The research prcess and the artistic prcess are ttally different.
B. The scientific prcess always unflds in an unpredictable way.
C. Scientists shuld have creative and assciative thinking.
D The artistic prcess is t messy t be used in research.
10. What des the underlined wrd “amplify” mean in the third paragraph?
A. Detect.B. Abandn.C. Imply.D. Increase.
11. Why des the authr mentin Weijers’s research n plant cells?
A. T display the beauty f clurful images.
B. T stress the imprtance f thinking freely.
C. T present the findings f his recent prject.
D. T shw the cnnectin between science and art.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了艺术在科学研究中的作用，艺术与科学之间是有交叉的。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Cntrary t ppular pinin, the scientific pursuit fr knwledge is nt a predictable and well-defined prcess. T make new discveries, researchers need the freedm t be creative fail, and learn by chance. There is the rmantic idea f the scientist wh has an Eureka mment (顿悟时刻) and suddenly arrives at new insights. Anther impressin is that research nly invlves frmal steps. Neither f thse ideas is crrect.(与流行的观点相反，对知识的科学追求不是一个可预测和明确定义的过程。为了有新的发现，研究人员需要创造性的自由，失败和学习的机会。有一个浪漫的想法，科学家有一个顿悟时刻，突然得到新的见解。另一个印象是，研究只涉及正式步骤。这些想法都不正确。)”可知，第一段主要讨论对科学研究的观念问题。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段中的“Science and art are tw different ways t make smething cmprehensible r imaginable(科学和艺术是使事物变得可理解或可想象的两种不同方式)”和“But the scientific prcess can als unfld in an unpredictable way. Creative and assciative thinking is very imprtant fr scientists t gain insight and make cnnectins.(但科学过程也可能以一种不可预测的方式展开。创造性和联想思维对科学家获得洞察力和建立联系非常重要。)”可知，我们能从Weijers的观点中了解到科学家应该有创造性和联想思维。故选C。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Creative and assciative thinking is very imprtant fr scientists t gain insight and make cnnectins.(创造性和联想思维对科学家获得洞察力和建立联系非常重要。)”和第三段的“There is an intersectin between science and art.)(科学和艺术之间有交集。)”和“lk t artists fr inspiratin and exchange ideas(从艺术家那里寻找灵感并交流想法)”可知，划线词所在句子表示“科学和艺术之间有交集。这就是为什么瓦赫宁根的科学家们从艺术家那里寻找灵感，并就如何扩大创作自由交换意见”，因此划线词amplify的意思是“扩大，增加”，和increase意思相近，故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。第三段第一句“There is an intersectin between science and art.(科学和艺术之间有交集。)”和最后一句“They revealed the results in clurful images, each representing a different frce.(他们用彩色图像展示了实验结果，每张图像代表一种不同的力。)”可知，通过Weijers的研究事例说明艺术与科学之间的交叉融合，表明艺术与科学的联系，强调艺术灵感在科学研究中的价值。故选D。
D
The Fd and Drug Administratin (FDA) has t recall hundreds f fds every year. Like ckie snack packs with pieces f blue plastic hiding inside, dressing and sauce cntaining salmnella (沙门氏菌) r varius jams cntaining with lead (铅).
It can take a few mnths befre a recall is issued. But nw researchers have cme up with a methd that might fast-track that prcess, leading t early detectin and, ultimately, faster recalls. The AI system relies n the fact that peple increasingly buy fds and spices nline. And peple tend t write reviews f prducts they buy nline, which are like bread crumbs (包屑) t fd-safety fficials sniffing (嗅) ut dangerus prducts.
The researchers linked FDA fd recalls frm 2012 t 2014 t amazn reviews f thse same prducts. They then trained machine-learning algrithms (算法) t distinguish between reviews fr recalled items and reviews fr items that had nt been flagged. And the trained algrithms were able t predict FDA recalls three quarters f the time. They als identified anther 20, 000 reviews fr pssibly unsafe fds, mst f which had never been recalled. The results are published in Jurnal f the American Medical In frmatics Assciatin.
The Wrld Health Organizatin estimates that 600 millin peple wrldwide get sick annually frm plluted fd, and mre than 400,000 peple die frm it. “Shaving tls that enable us t detect this a lt faster and hpefully investigate and d recalls faster will be useful nt just in the U. S. but in ther cuntries arund the wrld as well.” Study authr Elaine Nsesie f Bstn University. She did add ne warning even recalled prducts can still get five-star reviews. S stars alne dn’t tell the whle sickening stry. The prf unfrtunately, may still be in the pudding.
12. What will help Fda recall unsafe fds faster than befre?
A. Effrts f fd-safety fficials
B. Lts f nline reviews f prducts
C. New measures f fd-safety fficials.
D. Online reviews f the plluted fds
13. Hw des the authr intrduce the prcess f the research?
A. By describing facts.B. By giving examples
C. By analyzing data.D. By making cmparisns.
14. What’s elaine’s attitude twards five-star reviews?
A. TlerantB. SkepticalC. Ambiguus.D. apprval
15. Which may be the mst suitable title fr the text?
A AI Sniffs ut Unsafe Fds
B. FDA Detects Unsafe fds
C. AI Helps FDA Judge Reviews
D. FDA Develps System f Judging Reviews
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究者开发了一种新的AI系统，通过网上对产品的评论快速地筛选出不安全食品。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“And peple tend t write reviews f prducts they buy nline, which are like bread crumbs (包屑) t fd-safety fficials sniffing (嗅) ut dangerus prducts.(人们倾向于对他们在网上购买的产品进行评论，这对食品安全官员来说就像面包屑一样，可以嗅出危险的产品)”和第三段第一句“The researchers linked FDA fd recalls frm 2012 t 2014 t amazn reviews f thse same prducts.(研究人员将2012年至2014年的FDA食品召回与亚马逊对这些相同产品的评论联系起来)”可知，大量的网上关于产品的评论有助于FDA比以前更快地召回不安全食品。故选B项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The researchers linked FDA fd recalls frm 2012 t 2014 t amazn reviews f thse same prducts. They then trained machine-learning algrithms (算法) t distinguish between reviews fr recalled items and reviews fr items that had nt been flagged.(研究人员将2012年至2014年FDA食品召回与亚马逊对这些产品的评论联系起来。然后，他们训练机器学习算法，以区分召回项目的评论和未标记项目的评论)”和“They als identified anther 20, 000 reviews fr pssibly unsafe fds, mst f which had never been recalled.(他们还发现了另外2万份可能不安全食品的评论，其中大部分从未被召回)”可知，作者是通过描述事实来介绍研究过程的。故选A项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“She did add ne warning even recalled prducts can still get five-star reviews. S stars alne dn’t tell the whle sickening stry. The prf unfrtunately, may still be in the pudding.(她确实添加了一个警告，即使召回的产品仍然可以获得五星评论。因此，仅靠明星并不能说明整个令人作呕的故事。 不幸的是，证据可能还在布丁里)”可知，Elaine对五星评论持有怀疑的态度。故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“It can take a few mnths befre a recall is issued. But nw researchers have cme up with a methd that might fast-track that prcess, leading t early detectin and, ultimately, faster recalls. The AI system relies n the fact that peple increasingly buy fds and spices nline.(召回可能需要几个月的时间。但现在研究人员已经提出了一种方法，可以快速跟踪这一过程，从而早期发现并最终更快地召回。人工智能系统依赖于人们越来越多地在网上购买食品和香料的事实)”可知，此处讲述的是研究者的新发现，研究报告类的文章主题与研究的新发现相关，而A项中的“AI Sniffs ut Unsafe Fds(人工智能嗅出不安全的食品)”与研究发现相关，符合题意。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Dancing is natural and almst any child can dance. Hwever, why d s many peple find it hard t dance when they reach their teens r adulthd? ____16____
Mst peple have heard the wrds Dance like nbdy is watching. “ ____17____ When we’re learning smething new, we hate having an audience watching ur silly mistakes. Actually everyne else is t busy wrrying abut their wn mistakes. Chances are that yu’re nt the nly ne struggling with the steps!
We all have patterns f muscle memry. Yur bdy likes ding repetitive mvements that it desn t have t think abut. ____18____ Yur brain may understand, but it can take a while t direct yur limbs t interpret these new and unfamiliar mvements. Be patient with yurself and understand it’s the way yur bdy wrks.
____19____If yu’ve never danced befre, the cmplex rhythms and fast ftwrk f flamenc wuld be a big challenge as the first dance style. If yu’re inflexible, I wuldn’t recmmend starting cld with ballet, either. Instead, d sme yga first t get yur bdy used t the new demands ballet will place n it
A lack f rhythm is the biggest bstacle t learning t dance. Hwever, it can be vercme with enugh practice. ____20____ Then learn t dance when yu begin t feel the beat.Dance can be a very rewarding and enjyable hbby. Just be patient with yurself and learn t dance
A. It’s human nature t dislike lking flish
B. Yu’ll be able t d them almst withut thinking.
C. If yu have n rhythm, try t master dance steps first.
D. Learning a musical instrument is a gd way t learn rhythm.
E Dance requires yu t mve yur arms and legs in unusual ways.
F. The ther pssibility is that yu picked a style f dance that desn’t suit yu.
G. There are many things that can hld peple back when they try t learn dancing.
【答案】16. G 17. A 18. E 19. F 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。跳舞可以是一种非常有益和愉快的爱好。然而，为什么很多人在十几岁或成年后发现跳舞很难呢?本文对此做出了相应的解释，并对如何学会跳舞做了介绍。
【16题详解】
空前一句提出问题“Hwever, why d s many peple find it hard t dance when they reach their teens r adulthd?(然而，为什么这么多人在十几岁或成年后发现很难跳舞？)”可知，此空处做出回答，G项“There are many things that can hld peple back when they try t learn dancing.(这里有许多事情会阻碍人们在尝试学习舞蹈时退缩。)”对空前的问题做出回答，符合题意。故选G项。
【17题详解】
根据空后一句“When we’re learning smething new, we hate having an audience watching ur silly mistakes.(当我们学习新东西时，我们讨厌让观众看到我们愚蠢的错误。)”可知，不喜欢看上去愚蠢是人类的天性，因此人们都会讨厌有观众观看自己犯愚蠢的错误，该内容与A项“It’s human nature t dislike lking flish(不喜欢看起来愚蠢是人类的天性)”内容吻合。故选A项。
【18题详解】
空后一句“Yur brain may understand, but it can take a while t direct yur limbs t interpret these new and unfamiliar mvements.(你的大脑也许能理解，但引导你的肢体来解释这些新的和不熟悉的动作可能需要一段时间。)”中的内容，指代的恰好是E项中“…t mve yur arms and legs in unusual ways(……以不寻常的方式移动你的胳膊和腿)”。故选E项。
【19题详解】
空后面的“If yu’ve never danced befre, the cmplex rhythms and fast ftwrk f flamenc wuld be a big challenge as the first dance style.”与F项“The ther pssibility is that yu picked a style f dance that desn’t suit yu.”内容相吻合。故选F项。
【20题详解】
分析段落结构以及空后句子“Then learn t dance when yu begin t feel the beat.(然后当你开始感觉到节拍时学习跳舞。)”中的then可知，此空处选择的内容与Then相呼应，而C项“If yu have n rhythm, try t master dance steps first.(如果你没有节奏，试着先掌握舞步。)”中的first与then正好相呼应。故选C项。
第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The Cambridge University Library in Britain received a gift in early March, 2022. Smene ____21____ a pink gift bag near the building with a nte: “Happy Easter, x,” it read. Inside the bag was the gift: tw small ntebks frm the famus British naturalist Charles Darwin, wh is____22____ with the thery f evlutin. One f the ____23____ has a famus drawing in it called the “Tree f Life”. Darwin made the drawing in 1837.
The university talked abut the ____24____n Tuesday. Cambridge believes the ntebks were ____25____ 20 years ag. They were first thught t be ____26____ inside the building after they were taken t be phtgraphed. But, after searching thrugh 10 millin bks, maps and dcuments, the university reprted the ntebks ____27____ t plice in 2020.
British investigatrs ntified plice arund the wrld, and a ____28____began. The ntebks are valued at millins f dllars. They were ____29____hwever, in gd cnditin.
Darwin’s ntebks cntained writings abut his famus trip arund the wrld n the ship H.M. S. Beagle. The research ____30____ his bk n evlutin called On the Origin f species.
Cambridge University Librarian Jessica Gardner said she was ____31____ t see the ntebks. But she said her true ____32____ are prfund and almst impssible t enugh express.
Gardner said the ntebks will g back int the Darwin Archive. The library is als ____33____t the wrks by scientists Stephen Hawking and Isaac Newtn.
The ntebks will be n display later this year in a Darwin shw at the library.
Lcal plice said they are cntinuing t ____34____ wh may have taken the ntebks and asked fr help frm anyne wh has ____35____ abut the case.
21. A. presentedB. leftC. prvidedD. abandned
22. A. satisfiedB. interestedC. creditedD. devted
23. A. giftsB. bagsC. wrksD. ntebks
24. A. incidentB. amusementC. librarianD. cnflict
25. A. cveredB. takenC. cpiedD. phtgraphed
26. A. destryedB. survivingC. buriedD. missing
27. A. hiddenB. remvedC. stlenD. purchased
28. A. searchB. researchC. trialD. restratin
29. A. changedB. claimedC. returnedD. ffered
30. A. belnged tB. led tC. appealed tD. accunted t
31. A. relievedB. embarrassedC. anxiusD. cncerned
32. A. reflectinsB. answersC. feelingsD. ideas
33. A. equalB. hmeC. reducedD. limited
34. A. lk intB. respnd tC. happen tD. prepare fr
35. A. cntentsB. newsC. imagesD. infrmatin
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是达尔文的笔记失而复得。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有人在大楼附近留下了一个粉红色的礼物袋，上面写着：“复活节快乐，x。”A. presented颁发，赠送；B. left留下；C. prvided提供；D. abandned放弃。根据上文“a pink gift bag near the building”可知，有人在大楼附近留下了一个粉红色的礼物袋。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：包里是礼物：英国著名博物学家查尔斯·达尔文的两本小笔记本，达尔文被认为是进化论的创始人。A. satisfied满意的；B. interested感兴趣的；C. credited认为……有；D. devted挚爱的，忠诚的。根据下文“the thery f evlutin”及常识可知，达尔文被认为是进化论的创始人，be credited with意为“被认为有”。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：其中一本笔记本上有一幅著名的画，叫做“生命之树”。A. gifts礼物；B. bags包；C. wrks作品；D. ntebks笔记本。根据上文“tw small ntebks”可知，此处表示“其中一本笔记本上有一幅著名的画，叫做“生命之树””。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：该大学周二谈到了这一事件。A. incident事件；B. amusement开心，娱乐；C. librarian图书馆馆长，图书馆管理员；D. cnflict矛盾。根据上文“The Cambridge University Library in Britain received a gift in early March, 2022”可知，此处表示“该大学周二谈到了这一事件”。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：剑桥大学认为这些笔记本是20年前被盗的。A. cvered覆盖；B. taken拿走；C. cpied复制；D. phtgraphed拍照。根据最后一段的“wh may have taken the ntebks”可知，此处表示“剑桥大学认为这些笔记本是20年前被盗的”，空格处意为“拿走”。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他们被拍照后，人们第一次以为他们在大楼里失踪了。A. destryed破坏；B. surviving幸存；C. buried埋葬；D. missing发觉丢失。根据上文“the ntebks were__5__20 years ag”可知，此处表示“在他们被拍照后，人们第一次以为他们在大楼里失踪了”。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，在搜索了1000万本书、地图和文件后，该大学于2020年向警方报告了笔记本被盗。A. hidden躲藏；B. remved搬开；C. stlen偷；D. purchased购买。根据上文“Cambridge believes the ntebks were ___5__20 years ag. They were first thught t be___6___ inside the building”可知，该大学于2020年向警方报告了笔记本被盗。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：英国调查人员通知了世界各地的警方，搜索开始了。A. search搜索，搜寻；B. research研究；C. trial试验；D. restratin修复。根据上文“British investigatrs ntified plice arund the wrld”可知，警察开始寻找笔记本。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，它们完好无损地回来了。A. changed改变；B. claimed索赔；C. returned回来；D. ffered提供。根据第一段的“Inside the bag was the gift: tw small ntebks frm the famus British naturalist Charles Darwin”可知，笔记本完好无损地回来了。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这项研究促成了他关于进化的著作《物种起源》。A. belnged t属于；B. led t导致，促成；C. appealed t吸引；D. accunted t对……作出解释。根据下文“his bk n evlutin called On the Origin f species”可知，这项研究促成了他关于进化的著作《物种起源》。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：剑桥大学图书管理员杰西卡·加德纳说，看到这些笔记本她松了一口气。A. relieved松了一口气的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. anxius焦虑的；D. cncerned担忧的。根据下文“see the ntebks”可知，笔记本回来了，那剑桥大学图书管理员杰西卡·加德纳肯定觉得松了一口气。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但她说，她的真实感觉是深刻的，几乎无法充分表达。A. reflectins影像，倒影；B. answers回答；C. feelings感觉；D. ideas主意。根据下文“prfund and almst impssible t enugh express”可知，此处表示她觉得她的感觉是深刻的，几乎无法充分表达。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：图书馆还收藏了科学家斯蒂芬·霍金和艾萨克·牛顿的著作。A. equal相等的；B. hme适于存放……的地方；C. reduced减少的；D. limited有限的。根据下文“t the wrks by scientists Stephen Hawking and Isaac Newtn”可知，图书馆还收藏了科学家斯蒂芬·霍金和艾萨克·牛顿的著作，be hme t意为“为……的所在地”。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当地警方表示，他们正在继续调查是谁拿走了笔记本，并向任何了解此案信息的人寻求帮助。A. lk int调查；B. respnd t回答；C. happen t碰巧；D. prepare fr为……做准备。根据下文“wh may have taken the ntebks”可知，警方表示他们正在继续调查是谁拿走了笔记本。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当地警方表示，他们正在继续调查是谁拿走了笔记本，并向任何了解此案信息的人寻求帮助。A. cntents内容；B. news新闻；C. images图像；D. infrmatin信息。根据上文“asked fr help frm anyne”可知，警方是向任何了解此案信息的人寻求帮助。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tianwen 1 China’s histric Mars missin, has ____36____ (successful) accmplished all its planned scientific tasks, accrding t the China Natinal Space Administratin. The administratin said n Wednesday the Tianwen 1 missin rbiter had btained medium-definitin images f the entire planet, ____37____ (mark) the cmpletin f its scientific gals. The craft ____38____ (circle) Mars 1, 344 times s far and will cntinue t carry ut extended remte-sensing peratins and ____39____ (technlgy) tests.
Named after an ancient Chinese pem, Tianwen 1 ____40____ (launch) n July 23, 2020. The craft travelled abut 475 millin kilmetres and carried ut several trajectry maneuvers (变轨) befre entering Martian rbit in February last year.
Meanwhile, the Zhurng Mars rver (漫游者), ____41____has been in drmant (休眠的) mde since mid-May, is expected ____42____ (restart) explratins in December, when the weather is mre favrable.
The rver, named after the gd f fire in ancient Chinese legend, tuched dwn ____43____ the planet n May 15, 2021 and began t travel acrss the Martian surface a week later. Befre it entered drmant mde, the rbt travelled nearly 2, 000 metres and btained much data and many images n the rad t its destinatin the vast Martian plain where it landed.
By nw, the 13 scientific____44____ (instrument) n the rbiter and the rver have transmitted nearly 1,040 gigabytes (十亿字节) f raw data back t Earth. The data has been delivered t Chinese scientists and has helped deepen knwledge f _____45_____ Red Planet.
【答案】36. successfully
37. marking
38. has circled
39. technlgical
40. was launched
41. which 42. t restart
43. n 44. instruments
45. the
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的天问一号成功完成既定探索火星的任务。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：中国国家航天局表示，中国历史性的火星任务“天问一号”已成功完成所有计划的科学任务。设空处应为副词修饰动词accmplished 。故填successfully。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：国家航天局周三表示，“天问一号”任务轨道飞行器已经获得了整个行星的中清晰度图像，标志着其科学目标的完成。本句谓语动词为had btained，因此设空处应为非谓语，表示结果，应用现在分词。故填marking。
【38题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，该探测器已经绕火星飞行了1344圈，并将继续进行远距离遥感操作和技术测试。设空处为谓语，根据时间状语s far，可知用现在完成时，主语The craft是单数，助动词用has。故填has circled。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意同上。设空处应用形容词修饰名词tests。故填technlgical。
【40题详解】
考查主谓一致、时态和语态。句意：“天问一号”以一首中国古诗命名，于2020年7月23日发射。分析可知，主语Tianwen 1为单数，且与launch 之间为动宾关系，July23, 2020为过去时间，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故用was launched 。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：与此同时，自5月中旬以来一直处于休眠状态的“祝融号”火星探测器预计将在12月天气更加有利的时候重新开始探索。 设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the Zhurng Mars rver，关系代词在从句做主语，应用关系代词which。故用which。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。短语be expected t d，意为“被期待做某事”，故填t restart。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：祝融号以中国古代传说中的火神命名，于2021年5月15日登陆火星，一周后开始在火星表面行驶。分析可知，降落在这个行星上，用介词n。故填n。
【44题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：目前为止，轨道飞行器和火星车上的13台科学仪器已经向地球传输了近1040gb的原始数据。设空处为名词做主语，前面有13修饰，应用可数名词复数形式。故用instruments。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这些数据已被发送给中国科学家，帮助加深了对这颗红色星球的了解这里。结合上下文，此处应用定冠词the修饰名词短语，the Red Planet 特指火星。故用the。
第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，暑期刚刚结束了外教Mr.Kidd的网络课程学习。请你给他写一封课程反馈的邮件，内容如下：
1．表示感激；
2．你的评价；
3．你的建议。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mr. Kidd,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】One pssible versin
Dear Mr. Kidd,
I’m writing t extend my sincere gratitude fr all the effrts yu’ve made in preparing and presenting the nline curse.
Yur curse is highly infrmative and beneficial. It prvides easy access t seeing life frm a new perspective, thus bradening ur minds t the utside wrld. Yur humrus teaching style invlves us in a relaxing and pleasant atmsphere, which nt nly stimulates my interest but als builds my cnfidence.
If yu can have a mre flexible time schedule and prvide a vide playback, I believe we can benefit mre. Lking frward t yur next curse.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Mr.Kidd写一封关于课程学习反馈的邮件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
诚挚的：sincere →genuine
感激：gratitude → appreciatin
提供： prvide →ffer
期望：lk frward t → expect
2.句式拓展
原句：It prvides easy access t seeing life frm a new perspective, thus bradening ur minds t the utside wrld.
拓展句：It prvides easy access t seeing life frm a new perspective, which bradens ur minds t the utside wrld.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Yur humrus teaching style invlves us in a relaxing and pleasant atmsphere, which nt nly stimulates my interest but als builds my cnfidence.（运用了which 引导的非限定性定语从句）
[高分句型2] If yu can have a mre flexible time schedule and prvide a vide playback, I believe we can benefit mre.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句和that（已省）引导的宾语从句）
第二节
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My three children played peacefully in the back yard. This alne shuld have put me n alert , but the setting was s pleasant that I hung ur clthes t dry in the sft breeze and enjyed the unseasnably warm September afternn. Our hme was nestled in a frest f the Nrthern Califrnia fthills, facing a shining lake, with just a few neighbrs
It was a gd place t raise ur children: fur-year-ld Andre, tw-and-a-half-year-ld Yvnne, and furteen-mnth-ld Philippe. Frm the clthesline I had a clear view f the kids Philippe was s cute, wearing nly a diaper as he was glued t a flwer lking at a butterfly. He was always the curius ne
Our dg Jessie was always present, a cnstant participant in all the family activities. She lay fast asleep, warming herself in the sun. She was really gentle and kind, and her nly annying trait was her tendency t leave the huse when I wasn’t lking. But this day, she was t prve her wrth
Having hung a whle basket f clthes, I ventured a int the huse t grab a pile f wet sheets frm the washing machine. As I wasn’t in the habit f leaving my children unattended, I returned quickly t my clthesline duty. Just then, I nticed that Jessie had mved away frm where she was lying. I exclaimed angrily, That dg! She’s ff again, and we dn’t need any mre puppies! Lking arund fr her but failing t find her, I cntinued my laundry respnsibilities, tk a quick survey f the kids and saw, t my hrrr, that Philippe was missing. T my knwledge, n car and n passers-by had passed the usual paths clse t ur hme. I began t yell his name, trying t stay calm.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右;
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I raced up and dwn the street, but n philippe!
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Tears streaming dwn my face, I ran tward Philippe and Jessie
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin
I raced up and dwn the street, but n Philippe! Having searched the whle street, I went back hme t check n the ther tw kids and call the plice. As I lifted the receiver t my ear, I glanced ut the windw verlking the lake. There, my little by was staggering t catch the butterfly, s clse t the lake that it seemed as if he wuld fall int it the next secnd. Mercifully, Jessie sprang up at his side, pushing him away frm danger with her nse, gently and carefully.
Tears streaming dwn my face, I ran tward Philippe and Jessie. Hands trembling, I picked up Philippe and inspected his little bdy fr any wunds and injuries, while Jessie jumped happily arund us, head up and tail wagging. Overflwing with gratitude, I hugged her tightly and kissed her frehead repeatedly. The whle suffering spanned maybe fifteen minutes, but it felt like an eternity fr me. Thanks t ur dear Jessie, I had Philippe back safely. Jessie was a valued family member, and we really needed her.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了天气很好，作者的三个孩子在院子里玩耍，他们的狗也在院子里睡觉，作者冒险进屋去取湿床单，回来却发现她的孩子菲利普和狗狗杰西都不见了，于是她匆忙的去寻找。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我在街上跑来跑去，可是找不到菲利普!”可知，第一段可描写作者找孩子的过程，最终发现孩子和狗狗。
②由第二段首句内容“我泪流满面，跑向菲利普和杰西。”可知，第二段可描写作者最后找到了孩子，并且知道是她的狗狗杰西帮忙看护孩子，没让孩子受伤，所以作者非常感激杰西。
2.续写线索：搜索街道——报警——看到湖边的孩子——杰西保护孩子——检查孩子——感谢杰西——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.查找：search/seek/lk fr
②. 瞥见，看：glance/catch sight f/see
③. 拥抱：hug/hld in ne's arms/embrace
情绪类
①.感谢：with gratitude /shwing ne’s appreciatin/shw ne’s gratitude/be grateful
②.开心：happily/feel happy/be delight with
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. As I lifted the receiver t my ear, I glanced ut the windw verlking the lake.（由as引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]. Hands trembling, I picked up Philippe and inspected his little bdy fr any wunds and injuries, while Jessie jumped happily arund us, head up and tail wagging.（由while连接的并列句和独立主格形式）
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