高考英语二轮复习阅读理解强化练习题（4）（含解析）

这是一份高考英语二轮复习阅读理解强化练习题（4）（含解析），共13页。
高考英语二轮复习阅读理解强化练习题（4）
1.    During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think about often. Annoyed by the level of distraction(干扰) in his open office, he said, "That's why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street—so I can focus." His comment struck me as strange. After all, coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout(布局). But I recently came across a study that shows why his approach works.
    The researchers examined various levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking. They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to various noise levels in the background, from total silence to 50 decibels(分贝), 70 decibels, and 85 decibels. The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant; however, the participants in the 70 decibels group—those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop—significantly out performed the other groups. Since the effects were small, this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise.
    But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study also suggests that the right level of background noise—not too loud and not total silence—may actually improve one's creative thinking ability. The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander, without making it impossible to focus. This kind of "distracted focus" appears to be the best state for working on creative tasks.
    So why do so many of us hate our open offices? The problem may be that, in our offices, we can't stop ourselves from getting drawn into others' conversations while we're trying to focus. Indeed, the researchers found that face-to-face interactions and conversations affect the creative process, and yet a coworking space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom from interruptions.
1.Why does the interviewer prefer a coworking space?
A.It helps him concentrate. B.It blocks out background noise.
C.It has a pleasant atmosphere. D.It encourages face-to-face interactions.
2.Which level of background noise may promote creative thinking ability?
A.Total silence. B.50 decibels.
C.70 decibels. D.85 decibels.
3.What makes an open office unwelcome to many people?
A.Personal privacy unprotected. B.Limited working space.
C.Restrictions on group discussion. D.Constant interruptions.
4.What can we infer about the author from the text?
A.He's a news reporter. B.He's an office manager.
C.He's a professional designer. D.He's a published writer.
2.    Port Lympne Reserve, which runs a breeding(繁育) programme, has welcomed the arrival of a rare black rhino calf(犀牛幼崽). When the tiny creature arrived on January 31, she became the 40th black rhino to be born at the reserve. And officials at Port Lympne were delighted with the new arrival, especially as black rhinos are known for being difficult to breed in captivity(圈养).
    Paul Beer, head of rhino section at Port Lympne, said: "Obviously we're all absolutely delighted to welcome another calf to our black rhino family. She's healthy, strong and already eager to play and explore. Her mother, Solio, is a first-time mum and she is doing a fantastic job. It's still a little too cold for them to go out into the open, but as soon as the weather warms up, I have no doubt that the little one will be out and about exploring and playing every day."
    The adorable female calf is the second black rhino born this year at the reserve, but it is too early to tell if the calves will make good candidates to be returned to protected areas of the wild. The first rhino to be born at Port Lympne arrived on January 5 to first-time mother Kisima and weighed about 32kg. His mother, grandmother and great grandmother were all born at the reserve and still live there.
    According to the World Wildlife Fund, the global black rhino population has dropped as low as 5500, giving the rhinos a "critically endangered" status.
1.Which of the following best describes the breeding programme?
A.Costly. B.Controversial. C.Ambitious. D.Successful.
2.What does Paul Beer say about the new-born rhino?
A.She loves staying with her mother. B.She dislikes outdoor activities.
C.She is in good condition. D.She is sensitive to heat.
3.What similar experience do Solio and Kisima have?
A.They had their first born in January. B.They enjoyed exploring new places.
C.They lived with their grandmothers. D.They were brought to the reserve young.
4.What can be inferred about Port Lympne Reserve?
A.The rhino section will be open to the public.
B.It aims to control the number of the animals.
C.It will continue to work with the World Wildlife Fund.
D.Some of its rhinos may be sent to the protected wild areas.
3.    When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue-sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.
    Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing. I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don't worry about it. Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam(横杆), I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: "Safe! Safe! Safe!" And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater.
    When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the locals were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, I'd given it up.
    When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hours there. I've traveled back several times since, most recently this past spring. The day was cold but clear; tourists and Londoners stopped to watch the skaters. Weaving(穿梭) among the kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam. Then a rail-thin teenager, in a baggy white T-shirt, skidded(滑) up to the beam. He sat next to me. He seemed not to notice the man next to him. But soon I caught a few of his glances. "I was a local here 20 years ago," I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. "Safe, man. Safe."
    "Yeah," I said. "Safe."
1.What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London?
A.He felt disappointed. B.He gave up his hobby.
C.He liked the weather there. D.He had disagreements with his family.
2.What do the underlined words "Safe! Safe! Safe!" probably mean?
A.Be careful! B.Well done! C.No way! D.Don't worry!
3.Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London?
A.To join the skateboarding. B.To make new friends.
C.To learn more tricks. D.To relive his childhood days.
4.What message does the author seem to convey in the text?
A.Children should learn a second language. B.Sport is necessary for children's health.
C.Children need a sense of belonging. D.Seeing the world is a must for children.
4.    Who is a genius? This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries.
    Let's state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almost the international symbol for genius. But we want to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself. Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us? And who are they?
    In the sciences and arts, those praised as geniuses were most often white men, of European origin. Perhaps this is not a surprise. It's said that history is written by the victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different color or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.
    A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six, girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender(性别) are "really, really smart." Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief: Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are "really, really smart." Can our planet afford to have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up? It doesn't take a genius to know the answer: absolutely not.
    Here's the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication, we're all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors(因素) like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with "intelligence, creativity, perseverance(毅力), and simple good fortune, who are able to change the world."
1.What does the author think of victors' standards for joining the genius club?
A.They're unfair. B.They're conservative.
C.They're objective. D.They're strict.
2.What can we infer about girls from the study in Science?
A.They think themselves smart. B.They look up to great thinkers.
C.They see gender differences earlier than boys. D.They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs.
3.Why are more geniuses known to the public?
A.Improved global communication. B.Less discrimination against women.
C.Acceptance of victors' concepts. D.Changes in people's social positions.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A.Geniuses Think Alike B.Genius Takes Many Forms
C.Genius and Intelligence D.Genius and Luck
5.    Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel(旅社). The hostels in Rome offer a bed in a dorm room for around $25 a night, and for that, you'll often get to stay in a central location(位置) with security and comfort.
Yellow Hostel
    If I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel. It's one of the best-rated hostels in the city, and for good reason. It's affordable, and it's got a fun atmosphere without being too noisy. As an added bonus, it's close to the main train station.
Hostel Alessandro Palace
    If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome. Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests, like free shots, bar crawls and karaoke. There's also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer.
Youth Station Hostel
    If you're looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel, look no further than Youth Station. It offers beautiful furnishings and beds. There are plenty of other benefits, too; it doesn't charge city tax; it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms; it also has free Wi-Fi in every room.
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes
    Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10-minute walk from the central city station and it's close to all of the city's main attractions. The staff is friendly and helpful, providing you with a map of the city when you arrive, and offering advice if you require some. However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.
1.What is probably the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in a hostel?
A.Comfort. B.Security. C.Price. D.Location.
2.Which hostel best suits people who enjoy an active social life?
A.Yellow Hostel. B.Hostel Alessandro Palace.
C.Youth Station Hostel. D.Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes.
3.What is the disadvantage of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes?
A.It gets noisy at night. B.Its staff is too talkative.
C.It charges for Wi-Fi. D.It's inconveniently located.
6.    By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer. In his spare time though he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova—not as a musician but as her page turner. "I'm not a trained musician, but I've learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance."
    Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group's official page turner for the past four years. His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn't have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage.
    "A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don't turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot," Mr Titterton explained.
    Being a page turner requires plenty of practice. Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to 50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages. Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of "nodding" to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.
    But like all performances, there are moments when things go wrong. "I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand," Mr Titterton said. "Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back."
    Most page turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists, although Ms Raspopova has once asked her husband to help her out on stage.
    "My husband is the worst page turner," she laughed. "He's interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: 'Turn, turn!' Robert is the best page turner I've had in my entire life."
1.What should Titterton be able to do to be a page turner?
A.Read music. B.Play the piano.
C.Sing songs. D.Fix the instruments.
2.Which of the following best describes Titterton's job on stage?
A.Boring. B.Well-paid. C.Demanding. D.Dangerous.
3.What does Titterton need to practise?
A.Counting the pages. B.Recognizing the "nodding".
C.Catching falling objects. D.Performing in his own style.
4.Why is Ms Raspopova's husband "the worst page turner"?
A.He has very poor eyesight. B.He ignores the audience.
C.He has no interest in music. D.He forgets to do his job.
7.    When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources. Millions of waterfowl(水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen. Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat(栖息地).
    In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory(迁徙的) waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival. Under this Act, all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. "Ding" Darling, a political cartoonist from Des Moines, Iowa, who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources.
    About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System—a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come. Since 1934, better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat. Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated.
1.What was a cause of the waterfowl population decline in North America?
A.Loss of wetlands. B.Popularity of water sports.
C.Pollution of rivers. D.Arrival of other wild animals.
2.What does the underlined word "decimate" mean in the first paragraph?
A.Acquire. B.Export. C.Destroy. D.Distribute.
3.What is a direct result of the Act passed in 1934?
A.The stamp price has gone down. B.The migratory birds have flown away.
C.The hunters have stopped hunting. D.The government has collected money.
4.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A.The Federal Duck Stamp Story B.The National Wildlife Refuge System
C.The Benefits of Saving Waterfowl D.The History of Migratory Bird Hunting
8.    Popularization has in some cases changed the original meaning of emotional(情感的) intelligence. Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person's makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and "people skills." Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence.
    We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person.
    Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis(重视) on emotion by employers, educators and others interested in promoting social well-being. The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers re-evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life.
    Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives(视角) from which to study how people manage their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction.
1.What is a common misunderstanding of emotional intelligence?
A.It can be measured by an IQ test. B.It helps to exercise a person's mind.
C.It includes a set of emotional skills. D.It refers to a person's positive qualities.
2.Why does the author mention "doctor" and "cheater" in paragraph 2?
A.To explain a rule. B.To clarify a concept.
C.To present a fact. D.To make a prediction.
3.What is the author's attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligence?
A.Favorable. B.Intolerant. C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.
4.What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligence?
A.Its appeal to the public. B.Expectations for future studies.
C.Its practical application. D.Scientists with new perspectives.
9.    When you walk with a backpack, do you know how the things inside move from side to side? Now scientists have figured out how to tap into that movement to produce electricity.
    Picture a pendulum(钟摆) fixed to a backpack frame and stabilized with springs on either side. The pack's weight is attached to the pendulum, so the pendulum swings side to side as you walk. Then a machine is driven by that swinging movement, and spits out electrical currents to charge a battery.
    Volunteers carried the pack while walking on a running machine and wore masks to measure the flow of O2 and CO2. Walking with the slightly swinging 20-pound load, the device did not significantly affect the volunteers' metabolic(新陈代谢的) rate compared to when they carried the same weight fixed in place. In fact, the energy-harvesting pack reduced the forces of acceleration they'd feel with a regular pack, which might mean greater comfort for a long hike. And the device did produce a steady trickle of electricity. If you increase the load to 45 pounds, the swing of the pack could fully charge a smartphone only after 12 hours. The details are in the journal Royal Society Open Science.
    The device produces electricity from human movement and has been identified as a workable solution to providing a renewable energy source for portable electronic devices. It is particularly useful for those who work in remote areas, as these people often carry a lot of weight in a backpack for their exploration.
    But here's a real conundrum: the energy-harvesting device currently weighs five pounds. The researchers say that's about four pounds too many to be a smart alternative to batteries. So they hope that more research lets them lighten the load, to insure the pack charges up without weighing you down.
1.What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
A.How the device works. B.What the device looks like.
C.Who the device is designed for. D.Why scientists designed the device.
2.Which of the following describes the device?
A.It greatly affected the volunteers' metabolic rate.
B.It harvested energy as the volunteers walked.
C.It failed to produce steady electricity.
D.It was useless for a long walk.
3.What does the underlined word "conundrum" in the last paragraph mean?
A.Problem. B.Method. C.Bond. D.Decision.
4.What will the researchers try to do next?
A.Increase the charging speed of their device. B.Find smarter alternatives to batteries.
C.Reduce the weight of their device. D.Put their device on the market.
10.    The animal kingdom is full of beautiful and attractive creatures, and it is inviting to purchase exotic animals and call them pets. But undomesticated(未驯化的) pets may affect the health and safety of both the animals and the people who keep them.
    The umbrella cockatoo, for instance, is a type of parrot, which can live up to seventy years. It is often purchased as an exotic pet. It requires a very large living place and a great deal of attention. When its specific needs are unmet, the bird commonly bites itself or becomes aggressive. Similarly, the ball python—one of the most popular pet snakes, requires special conditions to survive. Like the umbrella cockatoo, the snake's long lifespan—up to forty years—presents serious practical challenges to any owner, no matter how devoted.
    Exotic pet owners are most likely identified as animal lovers who purchased their animals in order to feel a deep connection to the natural world. However, the mere ownership of such an animal means it's probable that the person participated in the illegal trade. This trade—the capture and sale of wild animals—is often cruel to species. Countless animals suffer and die each year.
    The problems continue when exotic pets are sold to non-professional owners. When they find they cannot care for them, owners take their exotic pets into the wild and abandon them, as proved by the case of Burmese pythons in Florida. This non-native species multiplied quickly, seriously threatening the Florida's ecosystem. Also, exotic pets pose a danger to their owners: some emerging infectious diseases, which thousands of people per year are stricken with, and especially occurring in children.
    Wild animals are undoubtedly attractive, but they should be admired in the own natural environments. Penning animals as exotic pets harms their quality of life. Pet ownership of any kind is a serious responsibility, and that's why animal lovers should choose domesticated animals that will boom under the care of humans.
1.What can we infer about exotic pets in Paragraph 2?
A.They can live longest in the animal kingdom. B.They need professional care from the owner.
C.They require special training from the owner. D.They can't have a satisfying life under human care.
2.Why are some pet owners absorbed in keeping exotic animals?
A.To get high income. B.To build a bond with nature.
C.To help prevent illegal pet trades. D.To make exotic pets' life comfortable.
3.What can raising exotic pets at will result in?
A.Improving the native ecosystem. B.Increasing the number of rare species.
C.Losing control of illegal wildlife trading. D.Putting humans and exotic wildlife at risk.
4.What's the main argument of the passage?
A.Wild animals are more dangerous than ordinary pets.
B.It's inappropriate to keep undomesticated exotic pets.
C.Exotic pets should be kept in better conditions.
D.Rules of the exotic pet trade should be updated.



答案以及解析
1.答案：1-4 ACDD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的That's why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street—so I can focus.可知, 这位采访者更喜欢公共办公空间是因为在这个环境中他能集中注意力。A项中的concentrate为focus的同义复现, 故选A项。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的the participants in the 70 decibels group...outperformed the other groups以及第三段中的But since the results at 70 decibels were significant...the right level of background noise...may actually improve one's creative thinking ability.可知, 在70分贝环境下进行创造性思维测试的参与者的表现情况明显优于其他组, 即70分贝有利于提高一个人的创造性思维能力。故选C项。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句The problem may be that, in our offices, we can't stop ourselves from getting drawn into others' conversations while we're trying to focus.可知, 在我们的办公室里, 当我们试图集中注意力时, 我们无法阻止自己被别人的谈话所吸引, 即我们在开放式办公室里容易受到干扰, 由此可推知, 持续不断的干扰使很多人不喜欢开放式办公室。故选D项。
4.推理判断题。根据第一段中的During an interview for one of my books可推测, 作者是一名出版作家。故选D项。A项中的news reporter意为"新闻记者"; B项中的office manager意为"办公室经理"; C项中的professional designer意为"专业设计师"。
2.答案：1-4 DCAD
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段中的she became the 40th black rhino to be born at the reserve以及especially as black rhinos are known for being difficult to breed in captivity可知, 人工繁育黑犀牛是很困难的, 而这个项目已迎来第40头人工繁育的黑犀牛, 由此可知, 该项目十分成功。故选D项。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的She's healthy, strong and already eager to play and explore.可知, 这头新繁育出的黑犀牛幼崽身体状况良好。故选C项。
3.细节理解题。根据第一段中的When the tiny creature arrived on January 31和第二段中的Her mother, Solio, is a first-time mum以及第三段中的arrived on January 5 to first-time mother Kisima可知, 这两头黑犀牛的共同之处在于它们都是在1月份产下第一只幼崽。故选A项。
4.推理判断题。根据第三段中的but it is too early to tell if the calves will make good candidates to be returned to protected areas of the wild可知, 现在说是否将这两头新繁育的黑犀牛幼崽送回野生保护区还为时过早, 从而可推断出该基地可能会视情况将一些繁育出的黑犀牛送回野生保护区。故选D项。
3.答案：1-4 ABDC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段第二句和第三句可知, 在移居伦敦后, 全家人都快速融入其中, 只有作者一个人想念以前的沙滩和蓝天, 觉得迷茫和格格不入, 由此可知作者并不喜欢这座新的城市, 觉得很泪丧。A项中的disappointed与第一段中的at a loss和out of place相呼应。故选A项。
2.词义猜测题。根据第二段中的Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don't worry about it.可知, "Safe"一词是滑板运动中用来称赞和鼓励他人的口头禅。再根据第二段中的when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud可知, 作者当时刚刚顺利掌握了一个滑板技巧, 故可推断出朋友们对作者连喊三声"Safe!"应该是对他的夸赞。故选B项。
3.推理判断题。文中第二段讲述了作者在伦敦南岸和当地人一起玩滑板的美好童年时光。而第三段提到在作者15岁那年全家移居华盛顿, 由于当地人不太友好, 作者渐渐放弃了玩滑板这一爱好。再结合文中第四段第一句可知, 作者在回到伦敦后不由自主地游走到了曾经玩滑板的南岸, 故可推断出作者之所以喜欢在南岸消磨时间, 是因为他想在那里重温美好的童年时光。故选D项。
4.推理判断题。通读全文可知, 作者9岁时移居伦敦后感到迷茫和格格不入, 但在南岸这个地方结识了很多当地的滑板玩家, 他们之间用"Safe"来进行沟通。作者15岁时移居华盛顿, 在2004年重返伦敦并结识了一位正在玩滑板的少年。在与少年的交谈中, 作者再次听到"Safe"这句熟悉的口头禅, 顿时找到了久违的归属感。由此可推知, 文章想要传达的信息可能是"儿童需要归属感"。故选C项。
4.答案：1-4 ADAB
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第三段第一句和第三句可知, 历史是由胜利者来书写的, 天才划分的标准也是他们制定的, 带有他们的主观意愿, 所以当初胜利者划分的天才群体往往是欧洲裔的白人男性; 再根据第三段最后一句When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different color or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.可知, 胜利者设立的天才俱乐部拒绝接纳女性或其他肤色人种或其他信仰群体的天才。根据全文作者对天才的观点可推断, 作者并不支持这种涉及性别和种族的划分标准, 因此这种标准在作者看来应该是不公平的。故选A项。
2.推理判断题。根据第四段中的Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief: Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are "really, really smart."可知, 女孩们会根据这样一种观念行事, 即六岁左右就开始不去参加那些被人们认为只适合"非常, 非常聪明的"孩子们的活动。由此可推知, 女孩们很容易受到社会观念的影响。故选D项。
3.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的In a wired world with constant global communication, we're all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear.可知, 越来越多的天才被大众知晓与持续不断的全球交流有关。故选A项。
4.主旨大意题。综观全文可知, 本文主要论述的是天才的划分标准, 且最后一段最后两句点明了主题, 说明天才的划分不应由性别、种族和阶层等因素决定, 未来的天才体现在智力、创造力、毅力等多种方面, 因此天才的形式有很多种。故选B项。
5.答案：1-3 CBC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel.可知, 去罗马旅行的费用很高, 这是很多人选择住在提供便宜食宿的旅社的原因, 由此可知, 费用可能是选择住在旅社的旅客的主要关注点。
2.细节理解题。根据Hostel Alessandro Palace部分中的If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome.以及plenty of bar events...karaoke可知, 该旅社提供了丰富的社交活动, 最适合喜欢活跃的社交生活的人。
3.细节理解题。根据Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes中的However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.可知, 旅客在该旅社使用无线网络, 需要每天支付两欧元, 这是该旅社的不便之处。
6.答案：1-4 ACBD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的I've learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance以及第三段内容可知, 作为一名乐谱翻页员, 蒂特顿需要学会识谱, 在正确的时刻给乐谱翻页, 以确保钢琴家的演奏准确且流畅。
2.推理判断题。根据文章第三段中蒂特顿所说的话A lot of skills are needed for the job.及后面的具体说明可知, 乐谱翻页员需要掌握多种技能, 包括必须确保不要同时翻两页, 并确保乐谱有重复演奏的部分时, 需要翻回乐谱正确的位置。由此可知, 该工作有很高的要求。
3.细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of "nodding"...which they need to practise with their page turner.可知, 在舞台上演出时, 钢琴家与乐谱翻页员的默契非常重要, 每个钢琴家都有自己的"点头"示意风格, 所以乐谱翻页员需要和钢琴家不断练习, 慢慢磨合, 以使翻页员能够明白钢琴家"点头"的含义。由此可知, 蒂特顿需要练习识别钢琴家"点头"的含义。
4.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的He's interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: 'Turn, turn!'可知, 钢琴家玛丽亚的丈夫经常陶醉于音乐中而忘记翻乐谱, 以至于玛利亚得提醒他翻页。所以钢琴家玛丽亚称她的丈夫是"最差的乐谱翻页员"。
7.答案：1-4 ACDA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的Millions of waterfowl were killed at the hands of market hunters...Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to...greatly reducing waterfowl habitat.可知, 猎人的捕杀和湿地变干导致的栖息地的减少是水禽数量减少的重要原因。
2.词义猜测题。根据第一段最后两句可知, 大量水禽被捕杀, 且随着居住人口的增加, 大量湿地变干, 水禽的栖息地也随之大大减少, 从而导致了水禽数量减少。因此, 此处指那些探险家和定居者毁坏了很多的自然资源。destroy意为"毁灭; 破坏", 与画线词意思相近。
3.细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句中的About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes...Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat和倒数第二句Since 1934, better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat.可知, 自1934年通过该法案以来, 政府已募集了很多资金。
4.主旨大意题。通读全文可知, 本文主要介绍了北美水禽等野生动物遭遇猎杀及其栖息地被破坏后, 政府通过一项法案以防止破坏的持续发生, 并取得了明显成效。文章第二、三段介绍了联邦鸭票的起源、具体做法及成效, 尤其是文章第三段最后一句起到点题的作用。故A项(联邦鸭票的故事)适合作为本文标题。
8.答案：1-4 DBAB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的Many, people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person's makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and "people skills."可知, 如今, 许多人都误认为情商是一个人的品性、积极性、自信、心理稳定性、乐观和"人际交往能力"等几乎所有值得拥有的品质。由此可知, 大众对情商的误解是认为情商指一个人的优良品质。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段第一句We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes.可知, 人们更喜欢把情商描述为一套特定的技能, 可以用于好的或是坏的目的; 再根据第二段第二句The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor...while a cheater might use it to control potential victims.可推知, 本段提及医生和诈骗者是以其为例阐明本段首句提出的观点。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段中的the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful和The most positive aspect...可知, 作者认为对情商这一概念的关注所产生的整体效果利大于弊, 并列举了情商概念大众化的积极方面, 由此可推知, 作者对情商概念大众化持赞成(favorable)的态度。
4.主旨大意题。通读最后一段并根据最后一段中的we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion和It is our hope that in coming...可知, 最后一段主要阐述了对于未来有关情商的研究的期待。
9.答案：1-4 ABAC
解析：1.主旨大意题。第一段最后一句Now scientists have figured out how to tap into that movement to produce electricity.引出下文第二段的具体讲解, 再结合第二段内容可知, 该段主要讲述该发电设备是如何工作的, 故选A项。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的Volunteers carried the pack while walking及the energy-harvesting pack可知, 这个设备是在志愿者行走时收集能量, 故选B项。
3.词义猜测题。根据下文the energy-harvesting device currently weighs five pounds...four pounds too many to be a smart alternative可知, 此处描述该装置存在的问题; 画线词在此处意为"难题", 故选A项。
4.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的So they hope that more research lets...to insure the pack charges up without weighing you down.可知, 研究者接下来会研究如何减轻设备的重量, 以确保背包在不拖累你的情况下充电, 故选C项。
10.答案：1-4 DBDB
解析：1. 推理判断题。根据第二段中的It requires a very large living place and a great deal of attention.以及Similarly, the ball python...requires special conditions to survive.可知, 无论是关注程度还是生活空间, 主人都不可能提供给这些异域动物原有的生活环境, 由此可推知, 人类饲养的异域宠物过得不是很惬意, 故选D项。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的Exotic pet owners...in order to feel a deep connection to the natural world.可知, 这些宠物主人购买这些异域动物是为了感受与自然世界的密切联系, 故选B项。
3.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的This non-native species multiplied quickly, seriously threatening the Florida's ecosystem...some emerging infectious diseases可知, 随意饲养异域动物会破坏本地生态系统、危害人类健康; D项中固定搭配put...at risk意为"使......处于风险中", 故选D项。
4.主旨大意题。根据第一段中的But undomesticated pets may affect the health and safety of both the animals and the people who keep them.以及最后一段最后一句Pet ownership of any kind is a serious responsibility...under the care of humans.可知, 将未驯化的动物养为宠物不但会危害动物的健康和安全, 还会给人类带来不好的影响, 而且饲养任何种类的宠物都是一项严肃的责任, 不能随意抛弃, 由此可推知, 本文主要论述的是人们不应该饲养那些未经过驯养的异域动物, 故选B项。