(人教版)高考英语一轮复习课时学案 第1部分 教材解读 必修第三册 Unit 3　Diverse Cultures (含解析)

这是一份(人教版)高考英语一轮复习课时学案 第1部分 教材解读 必修第三册 Unit 3　Diverse Cultures (含解析)，共11页。




Ⅰ.认阅读单词
1．fortune cookie幸运曲奇
2．gumbo n．秋葵汤(用秋葵荚做的浓鸡汤或海鲜汤)
3．nachos n．[pl.]墨西哥玉米片
4．chip n．(英)炸土豆条；(美)炸薯片；芯片；碎片
5．cheese n．干酪；奶酪
6．spicy adj.加有香料的；辛辣的
7．ethnic adj.具有民族特色的；异国风味的；民族的；种族的
8．graffiti n．[pl.]涂鸦；胡写乱画
9．comic n．连环画杂志；漫画杂志；喜剧演员 adj.滑稽的；使人发笑的
10．immigrant n．(外来)移民；外侨
11．china n．瓷；瓷器
12．jazz n．爵士乐
13．bar n．酒吧；小吃店；小馆子
14．diagram n．简图；图解；图表；示意图
15．Atlantic adj.大西洋的
16．jeans n．牛仔裤
17．boot n．靴子
18．mushroom n．蘑菇；蕈
19．accessory n．配饰；附件；配件
20．souvenir n．纪念物；纪念品
21．tai chi n．太极拳
22．herbal adj.药草的；香草的
Ⅱ.记重点单词
1．definitely adv.肯定；确实
2．downtown adv.在市中心；往市中心
3．mission n．传教(区)；重要任务；使命
4．district n．地区；区域
5．afterwards(NAmHE usually afterward) adv.以后；后来
6．seek vt.& vi.(sought，sought)寻找；寻求；争取；(向人)请求
7．journal n．日志；日记；报纸；刊物
8．claim vt.& n．夺取(生命)；宣称；断言
9．series n．一系列；连续；接连
10．escape vi.& vt.逃走；逃脱；避开 n．逃跑；逃脱；解脱
11．super adv.特别；格外 adj.顶好的；超级的
12．percentage n．百分率；百分比
13．climate n．气候
14．mild adj.温和的；和善的；轻微的
15．material n．材料；布料；素材 adj.物质的；实际的
16．clothing n．衣服；服装
17．item n．项目；一件商品(或物品)；一条(新闻)
18．neat adj.极好的；整洁的；整齐的
Ⅲ.知拓展单词
1．diverse adj.不同的；多种多样的→diversity n．差异(性)；不同(点)；多样性
2．fortune n．机会；运气→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地→unfortunately adv.不幸地
3．admit vi.& vt.承认 vt.准许进入(或加入)→admission n．准许进入；承认；入场费
4．occur vi.发生；出现→occurrence n．发生；发生的事
5．historical adj.(有关)历史的→history n．历史→historic adj.有历史意义的；历史性的
6．earn vt.& vi.挣得；赚得；赢得；博得→earning n．收入；收益
7．select vt.选择；挑选；选拔→selection n．选择；挑选→selective adj.选择性的；有选择的
8．minority n．少数民族；少数派；少数人→minor adj.次要的；较小的
9．financial adj.财政的；财务的；金融的→financially adv.金融上地；财政上地→finance n．财政，金融
10．poetry n．诗集；诗歌；诗作→poet n．诗人→poem n．诗歌
11．poisonous adj.引起中毒的；有毒的；分泌毒素的→poison n．毒物；毒药；毒素 vt.毒死；毒害
12．fold vt.包；裹；折叠 vt.& vi.(可)折小；(可)叠平→unfold vt.打开；展开
13．collection n．作品集；收集物；收藏品→collect vt.搜集；收藏
14．settle vt.& vi.定居；结束(争论)；解决(纠纷)→settlement n．解决；定居→settler n．殖民者；移居者
15．construction n．建筑；建造；建造物；(句子、短语等的)结构→construct vt.建设；建造
16．suit vt.适合；满足……需要；相配；合身 n．西服；套装→suitable adj.合适的；适当的→suitably adv.合适地
17．contain vt.包含；含有；容纳→container n．容器

1．consult vt.咨询；商量；查阅
2．contradictory adj.矛盾的；反对的
3．conventional adj.传统的；因循守旧的
4．convey vt.表达；传达
5．controversial adj.有争议的；引起争议的
6．conversation n．谈话；交谈
7．corporation n．公司；法人
8．correspond vi.一致；通信
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．head to (朝……)前进；(向……)去
2．seek one’s fortune寻找成功致富之路；闯世界
3．earn a living谋生
4．series of一系列或一连串(事件)
5．apart from (especially NAmE aside from)除了……外(还)；此外
6．bring about导致；引起
7．to name but a few仅举几例
8．(at) first hand第一手；亲自
9．used to do sth 过去常常做某事
10．turn into变成
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．And what a city—a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred in 1906.(what引导的感叹句)
多么神奇的一座城市啊——一座1906年大地震后重建的城市。
2．There are so many beautiful old buildings—many sitting on top of big hills，...(独立主格结构)
这里有众多美丽的古建筑——不少坐落于大山之巅，……
3．To earn a living，some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown.(不定式作目的状语)
为了谋生，有些人在唐人街开商店、开餐馆。
4．The museum did a really good job of showing how America was built by immigrants from different countries and cultures.(how引导的宾语从句)
这家博物馆完美地展示了美国是如何由不同国家和文化的移民建设起来的。
5．What started as a residential area for Chinese immigrants then turned into a centre for Chinese culture.(what引导的主语从句)
这里原本是中国移民的居住地，后来变成中华文化的中心。
6．The majority of residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese，many of whom do not speak English fluently.(“代词/名词＋of＋关系代词”引导的定语从句)
唐人街的绝大多数居民依旧是华人，他们中很多人英语说得并不流利。

请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。

I had always been attracted to ethnic cultures.So wearing my jeans and boots，I went to Dali，Yunnan Province，which is a district of diverse minorities and has a mild climate.It would be a 1.definitely super experience.In fact，at first，I thought there would be a large percentage of 2.constructions made of primitive materials due to financial difficulty.However，it turned out that the downtown area 3.contained neat bars in which jazz was played and shops where special clothing，accessories，souvenirs and china，to name but a few were for sale.Tourists can always select what suits them best.Many people are migrants from other places.Some come to 4.seek their fortune or earn a living while others 5.settle down to escape from the cold north of China.Afterwards，I 6.headed to a neighborhood where the Bai ethnic group lived.I had the fortune to participate in a series of activities，including identifying poisonous mushrooms，learning about herbal medicine，and 7.collecting items unique to the Bai.Apart from this，I tasted really spicy local food.I experienced the culture first hand and wrote journals every day.

提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
fortune n．机会；运气；大笔的钱；财富；命运 [fortunate adj.幸运的；侥幸的(＝lucky) fortunately adv.幸运地(＝luckily)]
•seek/try one’s fortune找出路；碰运气
make a fortune发财；赚钱
have the good fortune to do sth 有幸做某事
•be fortunate to do sth/in doing sth 有幸做某事

(1)Many immigrants headed to California to seek their fortune(fortunate) but ended up doing diverse odd jobs to earn a living.
(2)他决定到市区去碰碰运气，看看能不能发财。他有幸得到了市长的帮助，并且幸运地成功开办了自己的公司。
He decided to seek/try his fortune downtown to see if/whether he could make a fortune.He had the good fortune to/was fortunate to get the help of the mayor and successfully started his own business fortunately/luckily.

admit vi.& vt.承认 vt.准许进入(或加入) (admission n．准许进入；承认；入场费)
be admitted into/to被录取；被接收
admit doing sth/having done sth 承认做过某事
admit that...承认……
admit sb/sth to be＋adj./n.承认某人/某物(事)为……

(1)It is said that admission(admit) to the concert is ￡5 and as a result，I determine to enjoy it.
(2)Afterwards，he had to admit putting/having put(put) some poisonous mushrooms in the soup.
(3)得知你已被北京大学录取，我写信真诚地祝贺你。(应用文写作之祝贺信)
Learning that you have been admitted into/to Peking University，I am writing to offer sincere congratulations to you.
(4)即将到来的汉语演讲比赛被认为是外国人提高汉语口语的好机会。
(2020·浙江1月，应用文写作)
The upcoming Chinese speech contest is admitted to be a good chance for foreigners to improve their oral Chinese.
occur vi.(occurred，occurred，occurring)发生；出现
occur to sb 某人突然想到；想起
It occurs to sb that.../to do...某人突然想到……

(1)A good idea occurred to me that I could go downtown to buy some souvenirs after the mission.
(2)妈妈突然想起她把帐篷落在我们前一天晚上住的旅馆里了。
It occurred to/struck/hit Mother that she had left the tent in the hotel where we stayed the night before.
用法点拨　①occur没有被动语态，不用于进行时。occur作谓语时，主语不能是人。②表示“某人突然想到……”的常用句型还有：It strikes sb that.../It hits sb that...

escape vi.& vt.逃脱；逃走；泄漏；避开；被忘掉 n．逃跑；逃脱；解脱
•escape from从……逃脱，从……逃跑
escape (doing) sth 避开(做)某事
escape being done sth 逃避被做某事
•have a narrow escape死里逃生

(1)Only a minority of students want to escape taking(take) the responsibility for their own behavior.
(2)It was claimed that a prisoner had escaped from the prison，which shocked the public.
(3)最后，我们九死一生，幸运地没有被那头饥饿的北极熊伤害到。
(2020·浙江7月，读后续写)
At last，we had a narrow escape，fortunately escaping being hurt by the hungry polar bear.

settle vi.定居；安家 vt.使定居；(使)平静下来；结束(争论)；解决(纠纷) (settlement n．定居；协议；解决settler n．移居者；殖民者)
settle down (使)安定；安居；平静下来；舒适地坐下/躺下
settle in/into安顿下来；习惯于；适应
settle down to (doing) sth 开始认真(做)某事

(1)得知你每天有许多的问题要解决，我建议你开始认真考虑哪个问题是最紧急的。(应用文写作之建议信)
Learning that you have so many problems to settle every day，I suggest that you (should) settle down to considering which one is the most urgent.
(2)他们冲下车，搭起帐篷，舒适地坐在草地上，欣赏着周围令人惊叹的景象。(读后续写之动作链描写)
They dashed out of the car，put up the tent and settled down on the grass，enjoying the surrounding breathtaking sights.
bring about引起；导致
bring up抚养；培养；教育；提出；呕吐
bring in引进；获利；赚钱
bring out出版；使显现
bring down使倒下；减少；降低
bring back把……带回来；使回忆起；使恢复

用bring的相关短语填空
(1)I don’t clearly remember who brought up the question but remember it definitely brought about a heated discussion.
(2)The reason why diverse goods are sold at such a low price is that the manufacturers are willing to bring down the price in return for big volume purchases.
(3)The picture often brings back to me series of happy memories of my high school days.
(4)The idea he brought up two months ago has brought in a lot more money for the bar.
(5)As a teacher，I have the good fortune to bring out the best in my students.

感叹句 And what a city—a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred in 1906.多么神奇的一座城市啊——一座1906年大地震后重建的城市。
·What＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数(＋主谓)!
What＋形容词＋可数名词复数(＋主谓)!
What＋形容词＋不可数名词(＋主谓)!
·How＋形容词/副词(＋主谓)!
How＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数(＋主谓)！

(1)在郊区参加农场项目，我们是多么激动啊！干活的时候，我们意识到在骄阳下的地里工作多么辛苦！这是一次多么有意义的活动啊！
How excited/thrilled we were to take part in a farmhouse programme in the suburbs.While working，we realized how hard it was to work in the fields under a hot sun.What a meaningful activity it was/How meaningful an activity it was!
(2)祝贺你！在过去的几个月里你面对了多么困难的挑战！你坚定地克服挑战之后，取得了多么巨大的进步啊！(应用文写作之祝贺信)
Congratulations！What difficult challenges you have faced in the past few months.After overcoming them with determination，what great progress you have made!

独立主格结构There are so many beautiful old buildings—many sitting on top of big hills，...这里有众多美丽的古建筑——不少坐落于大山之巅，……
•句中many sitting on top of big hills是独立主格结构，可表示谓语动作发生的时间、原因、条件或伴随情况等，在许多情况下相当于一个状语从句或并列句。
•独立主格结构的构成：n./pron.＋v.-ing/v.-ed/to do/adj./adv./n./介词短语

(1)我紧张地看着爸爸，双腿颤抖着，心狂跳着。(读后续写之心理描写)
I looked at my father nervously，my legs trembling and my heart beating wildly.(n.＋v.-ing的独立主格)
(2)学生国画作品展上展览了许多好作品，我坚信每个人一定会在那里玩得很高兴。
(2021·浙江6月，应用文写作)
Many wonderful works shown/exhibited on the Students’ Chinese painting exhibition，I firmly believe that everyone will definitely have a good time there.
(3)With the cross-country run over，David still couldn’t calm down his thrilled mood.
(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)
→The cross-country run over，David still couldn’t calm down his thrilled mood.(用独立主格结构改写)

what引导的主语从句What started as a residential area for Chinese immigrants then turned into a centre for Chinese culture.这里原本是中国移民的居住地，后来变成中华文化的中心。
(1)what在此句引导的是主语从句，并在从句中作主语。
(2)what引导名词性从句时，在从句中充当句子成分(主要作主语、表语和宾语)。可以译成多种意思：……的东西或事情；……的人或样子；……的数量或数目；……的时间；……的地方等。

(1)我们应该关注的是我们能为海洋保护做什么而不是仅仅喊口号。(2022·全国甲，书面表达)
What we should focus on/concentrate on is what we should do for ocean protection instead of shouting slogans.
(2)一个新体育馆在曾经的荒地上建了起来。
A new stadium was built on what used to be a wasteland.
(3)我们既沮丧又担心，不知道什么可以使我们抑郁的爱犬高兴起来。似乎过了一个世纪的时间，我们终于想出了一个好主意——给她买一只小狗。有了一个新的玩伴，我们的狗不再是过去的样子了。我们的脸上露出了欣慰的笑容。(2020·浙江1月，读后续写)
Upset and concerned，we didn’t know what could cheer up our gloomy beloved pet dog.After what seemed like a century，a good idea occurred to us—buying her a puppy.Having a new playmate，our dog wasn’t what she used to be.A relieved smile spread across our faces.

1．Then，one after another，Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there—broad parks，superb beaches，and a culturally diverse population.(2022·全国甲)
然后，一个接一个，悉尼发现了许多仅仅属于那里的东西——广阔的公园、极好的沙滩和文化多样性的人口。
2．She also admitted that a relatively small number of women were studied，all of whom were from Sweden，so the results might not be applicable to other groups.(2022·浙江1月)
她也承认她研究了相对少量的女性，这些女性都来自瑞典，因此研究结果或许不适用于其他群体。
3．Henry David Thoreau was happy to withdraw from social life，seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life.(2021·天津3月)
亨利·大卫·梭罗乐于从社交生活中抽身出来，在平静的生活中寻求与自然的和谐相处。
4．If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date，it will earn a zero.(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)
如果在截止日期后的第四天才交文章，你将会得零分。
5．Levine and his research team selected volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who did not exercise much but were otherwise healthy.(2022·新高考全国Ⅱ)
莱文和他的研究团队选择了年龄在 45 到 64 岁之间的志愿者，他们不怎么锻炼，但在其他方面都很健康。

提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．settle

(1)After years of travel，we decided to settle in London. C
(2)With the difficult problem settled，he went to the cinema with his friends. A
(3)I tried to settle the crying baby down，but in vain. B
2．claim
A.vt.宣称　B.vt.索回　C.n.要求　D.vt.认领 E.vt.夺走

(1)Heart disease is the biggest killer，claiming 180,000 lives per year. E
(2)It is claimed that some doctors are working 80 hours a week. A
(3)You can claim your money back if the goods are damaged. B
(4)He repeatedly pushed forward his own claim. C
(5)If the owner doesn’t claim the dog in 48 hours，you can apply for adoption. D
3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思
(1)She looks familiar，but her name escapes me.被忘掉
(2)My father could hardly contain his pride in me.控制；抑制
(3)It is no surprising that he earned praise for his honesty.赢得；博得
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．When it comes to a chain of learning methods，I must make a proper selection(select)．
2．Jim was bitten by a dog in the park.Fortunately(fortune)，he only got slightly injured.
3．My colleague admitted complaining/having complained(complain) a great deal about income.
4．The manager was determined to settle down in the countryside to relieve his tension.
5．I bought a collection(collect) of first aid books，which completely suited my taste.
6．The physician wanted to escape taking(take) responsibility for the medical malpractice.
7. Therefore，apart from being(be) fun and good exercise，swimming is a very useful skill.
8．Your jeans are not suitable(suit) for such a formal occasion，so you’d better replace it with a suit.
9．The boy tripped over，the container containing(contain) milk crashed，the milk spilt everywhere，and he was so angry that he couldn’t contain himself.
10．It suddenly occurred to me that I had missed the appointed time.

Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练
(2020·全国Ⅱ)——报道一次采摘活动
1．为了丰富学生们的生活，我校组织我们到红星农场摘苹果。(不定式作目的状语)
In order to enrich students’ life，our school organized us to pick apples on Hongxing Farm.
2．我们早晨7点向农场出发，一路讨论着如何能够更快速地摘苹果。 (how引导的宾语从句)
We set off for the farm at 7 am，discussing about how we could pick apples more quickly.
3．大多数同学没有见过农场，开始四处探索。(“代词/名词＋of＋关系代词”引导的定语从句)
Students，most of whom hadn’t seen a farm，began to explore everywhere.
4．然而，最让我们兴奋的还是摘苹果。(what引导的主语从句)
However，what excited us most was picking apples.
5．这次活动如此成功，我们希望将来可以组织更多这样有意义的活动。(独立主格结构)
This activity being so successful，we hope that more meaningful events like this can be organized in the future.
Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练
教材续写语料
1．情感描写
fortune n．机会；运气→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地→unfortunately adv.不幸地
mild adj.温和的；和善的；轻微的
2．动作描写
seek vt.& vi.(sought，sought)寻找；寻求；争取；(向人)请求；试图
claim vt.& n．夺取(生命)；宣称；断言
escape vi.& vt.逃走；逃脱；避开 n．逃跑；逃脱；解脱
occur vi.发生；出现
select vt.选择；挑选；选拔
settle vt.& vi.定居；结束(争论)；解决(纠纷)
contain vt.包含；含有；容纳
head to (朝……)前进；(向……)去
续写语料运用
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡词完成以下语段。
我姐姐和我向Old Man Donovan的水果农场走去，试图“摘”些苹果。正在那时，低沉粗哑的声音传来。我们没有从农场逃跑的机会。他没有责备我们，而是给我们挑选了几个苹果。几个月后，不好的事情发生了。Old Man Donovan不幸地从苹果树上摔下来失去了生命。一听到这个坏消息，我们不能控制我们的情绪，伤心的泪水像断了线的珠子一样落下来。
My sister and I headed to Old Man Donovan’s fruit farm，seeking to “pick” some apples.At that time，a gruff，low voice came.We had no chance to escape from the farm.He didn’t blame us and instead selected several apples for us.Several months later，something bad occurred.Unfortunately，Old Man Donovan’s falling from the apple tree claimed his life.On hearing the bad news，we couldn’t contain our emotions，tears of sadness running down our faces like a broken string of pearls.