江西省南昌市部分学校2022-2023学年高二英语下学期6月期末试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份江西省南昌市部分学校2022-2023学年高二英语下学期6月期末试题（Word版附解析），共25页。试卷主要包含了15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
高二英语试卷
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Which of the following does the woman suggest the man buy?
A. A toy bear. B. A telescope. C. A book.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: I need to get Tom something for his birthday. Maybe a toy bear?
W: He’s far too old for that now. He is interested in astronomy. I got him some books to read at Christmas. Maybe you could get him a telescope to observe the sky.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Who broke the pen?
A. The man’s mother. B. The woman. C. The man.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Sorry, Bella. I thought it was you who broke my pen yesterday, but I didn’t know it was Mom’s fault until she told me today.
W: What? I didn’t know about it.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When are the speakers going to leave?
A. At 3:45. B. At 3:15. C. At 2:45.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Shall we go at a quarter past three?
M: No, let’s go at a quarter to three.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where did Lucy probably go just now?
A. To the bookstore. B. To the supermarket. C. To the post office.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello, Lucy. Nice meeting you here.
W: Yes, it’s really a surprise. I posted some clothes just now and I plan to go to the bookstore.
M: I just came out from the supermarket. I have to go now. We can have a nice chat next time.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How does the man want to travel?
A. By car. B. By plane. C. By train.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Where shall we go on holiday this year?
W: Why don’t we take a train down to the seaside? Or we can borrow my dad’s car?
M: Going to the seaside is a great idea, but I’d like to fly there to save time.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6. What is the speakers’ attitude towards taking the bus?
A. Unconcerned. B. Negative. C. Understanding.
7. What will the speakers do next?
A. Go cycling. B. Hold a party. C. Wait for another bus.
【答案】6. B 7. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Bill, when do you think the bus is going to get here?
M: I have no idea, but it’s obviously late.
W: Yeah, it’s half past five now. We’ll surely be late for the dinner party.
M: I hate taking the bus.
W: So do I. You can never count on public transportation. The traffic is always heavy.
M: Exactly.
W: I really can’t stand waiting at the bus stop any longer. Let’s go by bike.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8. What did the man do a week ago?
A. He went to a club meeting.
B. He began to write his essay.
C. He handed in his physical paper.
9. What is the woman’s English essay about?
A. A typical foreign school.
B. A writer in another country.
C. A typical foreign school day.
【答案】8. A 9. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hey, Nina. Have you finished your physical paper yet?
W: I handed it in yesterday. By the way, have you been to any of the art club meeting s yet?
M: Yeah, I went to one a week ago. It was fun.
W: Cool. Well, I’ve got to go now. I haven’t started my English essay yet. Have you?
M: Yeah, I started it last night. Which topic did you choose?
W: A typical school day in another country. Have you ever written about that topic before? I need some ideas.
M: Sorry, no. You can ask Simone. I think she already finished this topic.
W: That’s a good idea.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

10. What does Jack offer to do for Mary?
A. Help her improve her English.
B. Introduce her to his neighbors.
C. Show her around the neighborhood.
11. What does Mary plan to do on Thursday?
A. Meet a friend. B. Look for a flat. C. Decorate a garden.
12. What will Jack’s neighbors prepare for the gathering?
A. A cake. B. Some coffee. C. Some flowers.
【答案】10. B 11. A 12. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi, Mary. Have you met any of your neighbors yet?
W: Not really, Jack. It’s quite difficult because my English isn’t very good.
M: What? Your English is fine, Mary! Anyway, lots of people here are from different countries.
W: Are they? I didn’t know that.
M: Actually, two of my neighbors are coming round to my flat for coffee on Friday morning. Do you also want to come so that you can meet them?
W: Let me think. Today is Wednesday. Tomorrow I’m going to see my friend Luke. So yes, I should be free on Friday. What time should I come round?
M: Is 10:30 OK?
W: Yes, that sounds great, thank you. I’ll make a cake. That’s my country’s traditional snack. It’s called mawa cake. I’m sure that all of you will like it!
M: Wow, thanks! My neighbors also promised to bring some roses from their garden. I’m really looking forward to the gathering. See you on Friday then.
W: See you, Jack.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Strangers. B. Roommates. C. Relatives.
14. Where did the man get the information about the flat?
A. On the blackboard. B. On the Internet. C. In the newspaper.
15. How many bedrooms are there in the flat?
A. One. B. Two. C. Three.
16. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Pay the rent first. B. Call her this afternoon. C. Go to see the flat.
【答案】13. A 14. B 15. B 16. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello. Can I help you?
M: Oh, hello. My name’s Paul Blake. I’m ringing about the flat.
W: Oh, yes. You saw it in the newspaper, didn’t you?
M: No, I saw it on the Internet. Could you tell me something about the flat?
W: Well, there’s quite a big sitting room and a kitchen. There are two bedrooms: a big one and a small one, and they are quite nice. It’s a flat upstairs, on the top floor of the house. We live downstairs.
M: Uh … How much is it exactly?
W: Well, 200 pounds a week.
M: 200 pounds? That’s too expensive.
W: Look, why don’t you come round and see the flat? Then you can make up your mind. It’s better than trying to talk about it over the phone.
M: Yes. May I see it now? I want to see if the price matches the flat.
W: Well, it’s a bit difficult for me this morning. I’ve got to go out.
M: How about this afternoon? At about three?
W: OK, Paul. Three would be fine for me.
M: Right. See you this afternoon. Bye.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17 What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. His hobbies. B. His weekend plan. C. His school daily routine.
18. How long do morning classes take?
A. 3.5 hours. B. 4 hours. C. 4.5 hours.
19. What kind of sport does the speaker like to play after class?
A. Basketball. B. Football. C. Table tennis.
20. What does the speaker usually do between 10:00 pm and 10:30 pm?
A. He takes a bath. B. He listens to music. C. He does his homework.
【答案】17. C 18. A 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Here is what I do every day on school days. Although I am busy, I enjoy every day to the fullest. As I live a bit far from my school, I always set my alarm o’clock in advance. I’m woken up by my clock at 6:00 in the morning and I immediately get up. I finish my shower at 6:45 am. I have breakfast between 7:00 am and 7:30 am. Then I pack my bag and leave for school. I have classes from 8:00 to 11:30 in the morning, and then I have lunch at school. Classes in the afternoon begin at 1:30 and finish at 5:30. After class, I like to do some sports, such as playing basketball and tennis, for half an hour. After getting home, I have supper around 7:00 pm. I usually take a break after supper. Then at around 8:00 pm, I begin doing my homework. I usually work on my homework till 10:00 pm. After that, I usually listen to music for half an hour. Then I take a bath and go to bed before 11:00 pm.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Many fruit trees and bushes are very simple to plant using no equipment except some potting soil and a heating equipment. In fact, you can get a handful of cuttings for free from a friend during pruning (修剪) season and end up with a whole homemade fruit farm.
Grapes
They are the first easy species on my list because they will grow in most parts of the US and are easy to root from hardwood cuttings. Hardwood cuttings are pieces of one-year-old wood taken in the late winter before the buds start to grow.
Figs
They are just easy to root, but I put them second on my list because northerners will have a hard time keeping the plants alive. If you live party way north, you can grow figs as long as you choose a cold-hardy variety.
Rabbiteye blueberries
They are an example of another kind of self-rooting plant. After a few years, it will begin to send up suckers from near the base. The suckers that are at least a few inches away from the parent plant will generally grow roots a year after emerging, at which point you can dig down until you’ve found several roots.
Gooseberries
They are simple because they just about root themselves. If you allow (or force) one branch to grow along the ground, then cover part of the branch with rich soil, roots will grow on the underwater part. Cut their stems off next year and you’ll have one or more gooseberry plants to set out elsewhere.
21. What makes grapes the first easy species on the author’s list?
A. Their high production. B. Their delicious and special taste.
C. Their great economic value. D. Their strong adaptability to grow.
22. When will you get new gooseberry plants?
A. After growing along the ground.
B. Before covering part of the branch.
C. After cutting their stems the next year.
D. Before roots grow on the underwater part.
23. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A. Science. B. Gardening. C. Fashion. D. Entertainment.
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了许多果树和灌木的种植非常简单，除了一些盆栽土壤和加热设备外，不需要任何设备。文章介绍了几种容易种植的果树。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Grapes中“They are the first easy species on my list because they will grow in most parts of the US and are easy to root from hardwood cuttings.”（它们是我名单上第一个容易种植的物种，因为它们可以在美国大部分地区生长，而且很容易从硬木插枝上生根。）可知，葡萄成为作者列单上的第一种容易种植的品种是因为它们的生长适应性强。故选D项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Gooseberries中“Cut their stems off next year and you’ll have one or more gooseberry plants to set out elsewhere.”（明年砍掉它们的茎，你就会有一株或多株醋栗植株在别处生长。）可知，种新的醋栗树可以选择在第二年剪掉它们的茎后。故选C项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Many fruit trees and bushes are very simple to plant using no equipment except some potting soil and a heating equipment. In fact, you can get a handful of cuttings for free from a friend during pruning (修剪) season and end up with a whole homemade fruit farm.”（许多果树和灌木的种植非常简单，除了一些盆栽土壤和加热设备外，不需要任何设备。事实上，在修剪季节，你可以从朋友那里免费得到一把插枝，这样你就拥有了一个完整的自制果园。）可推知，这篇文章可以出现在报纸的园艺版面。故选B项。
B
In the heart of Texas, “Bee Czar” Walter Schumacher is saving the world—one hive (蜂群) at a time. And he does it without wearing a protective bee suit. What is his technique? He “communicates” with the bees to avoid being bitten. Walter and his team at the American Honey Bee Protection Agency rescue hives from places that are unwanted—inside the walls of a house or 30 feet up in a neighborhood tree, and relocate the hives where the bees can grow and pollinate (授粉) in peace.
According to Walter, every third bite of food we eat was pollinated by bees; without them, life would cease existing. But saving bees costs money, so they have got to sell honey to make money.
Walter’s business once was booming with $200,000 in yearly sales. But after losing everything in the past three years, Walter wants to rebuild his honey business so that he can afford to rescue unwanted hives. With his oldest son Will and a small but dedicated team, Walter has a plan to transform their old family farm into their new headquarters, to save more bees and sell more honey.
Saving bees is a big affair. Will runs the business, trying to keep his dad organized; Walter teaches his younger sons Bodhi and Odin the skills of keeping bees, and Will’s wife Meredith is experiencing her first bee rescue. Walter also invites bee technician Jonathan who seeks inner calm by rescuing bees and scaffolding (脚手架) pro Sandy, who can reach angry bees in places ladders can’t and dreams of talking to bees herself. Walter brings audiences into the hive when he trains beekeepers to safely handle millions of bees Will plans to sign big contracts selling honey to businesses like restaurants and supermarkets, meanwhile undertaking dangerous hive rescues.
24. Which of the following can best describe Walter’s work of rescuing bees?
A. Interesting. B. Tough. C. Tiring. D. Simple.
25. What does Walter think of bees?
A. They are important to us. B. They are not in danger.
C. They can’t grow in peace. D. They can bite many people.
26. What is Walter’s present plan?
A. To find more hives. B. To expand his team.
C. To rebuild his business. D. To train more bee raisers.
27. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?
A. Why Walter started the big affair.
B. What Walter’s family do to save bees.
C. Whether Walter sticks to his business.
D. How Walter teaches his sons to keep bees.
【答案】24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了Walter及其家人为拯救蜜蜂而做出的努力。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Walter and his team at the American Honey Bee Protection Agency rescue hives from places that are unwanted—inside the walls of a house or 30 feet up in a neighborhood tree, and relocate the hives where the bees can grow and pollinate (授粉) in peace.”（Walter和他的团队总是在一些不太受欢迎的地方(如房屋的墙壁里或者邻居家的树上)拯救蜜蜂）推知，他的工作是艰难的。故选B项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“According to Walter, every third bite of food we eat was pollinated by bees; without them, life would cease existing.”（根据沃尔特的说法，我们吃的食物中有三分之一是由蜜蜂授粉的；没有它们，生命将不复存在）推知，Walter觉得蜜蜂是重要的。故选A项。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“But after losing everything in the past three years, Walter wants to rebuild his honey business so that he can afford to rescue unwanted hives.”（但在过去三年里失去了一切之后，沃尔特想重建他的蜂蜜业务，这样他就有能力拯救不需要的蜂箱）可知，Walter想重建他的蜂蜜生意,以便拯救更多的蜜蜂。故选C项。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。最后一段“Saving bees is a big affair. Will runs the business, trying to keep his dad organized; Walter teaches his younger sons Bodhi and Odin the skills of keeping bees, and Will’s wife Meredith is experiencing her first bee rescue. Walter also invites bee technician Jonathan who seeks inner calm by rescuing bees and scaffolding (脚手架) pro Sandy, who can reach angry bees in places ladders can't and dreams of talking to bees herself.”（拯救蜜蜂是一件大事。威尔经营着生意，试图让他的父亲井井有条；沃尔特教他的小儿子菩提和奥丁养蜂的技能，威尔的妻子梅雷迪思正在经历她的第一次蜜蜂救援。沃尔特还邀请了蜜蜂技术人员乔纳森，他通过拯救蜜蜂和脚手架专业人士桑迪来寻求内心的平静，桑迪可以在梯子无法到达的地方到达愤怒的蜜蜂，并梦想着自己与蜜蜂交谈）可知，本段主要讲述了Walter及其家人为拯救蜜蜂而做出的努力。故选B项。
C
Map reading, growing fruit and vegetable and basic car service are also more common skills among the baby boomer generation. But according to a new survey, just one in three 18- to 25-year-olds are able to do basic DIY, compared to two-thirds of those aged 58 and over.
Sarah Clarke-Kuehn, Chief Operating Officer-Commercial, said, “The survey findings are so interesting as they highlight a very common incorrect conception related to ‘getting old’.”
When asked at what age they thought developing new skills becomes “difficult”, Gen Z respondents said they were 35 years old, while those aged over 58 believed this number was 63 years old. The belief is that there is a boundary between learning new skills and getting a sense of achievement. But we know that this is just not the case. The benefits in continuing to enjoy life, as well as developing new talents are very significant—both physically and mentally as we grow older.
Neuroscientist and author, Dr Julia Jones, said, “We underestimate our brain’s ability to continue learning. Our brain is the most complex and precise structure in the known universe but we only use a small part of its true potential throughout our lifetimes. To boost continued brain health, we should learn complex and novel skills at all ages. This becomes more important as we age, because these learning experiences help to build new connections between neurons (神经细胞) that maintain intelligence and reduce the risk of future brain decline.”
“Learning languages and musical instruments are believed to be effective at boosting neuroplasticity (神经可塑性) due to their complex nature, but all learning is beneficial and can bring a sense of achievement, purpose and social engagement.”
Dr Jones added. “Find a new hobby and throw yourself into a wonderful learning experience or pick up an old pastime and improve those skills. I’m currently learning to play the guitar and it’s opened up a whole new world of music and fun.”
28. What is mentioned about the young generation in the text?
A. They lose interest in DIY.
B. They have no idea in plants.
C. Many of them lack some basic skills.
D. Many of them own poor reading skills.
29. What does the author imply in paragraph 3?
A. Learning brings a sense of belonging.
B. It is never too late to learn in one’s life.
C. It is necessary to show off one’s talents.
D. The benefits of lifelong learning are temporary.
30. What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A. The significance of knowing the structure of the brain.
B. The difficulties in improving the ability of the brain.
C. The reasons for taking full advantage of the brain.
D. The process of protecting the brain from risk.
31. What is Dr Jones’ attitude to learning musical instruments?
A. Favorable. B. Negative. C. Doubtful. D. Unclear.
【答案】28. C 29. B 30. C 31. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要随着年龄的增长，继续享受生活以及发展新的才能的好处是非常重要的——无论是身体上还是精神上。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“Map reading, growing fruit and vegetable and basic car service are also more common skills among the baby boomer generation. But according to a new survey, just one in three 18- to 25-year-olds are able to do basic DIY, compared to two-thirds of those aged 58 and over.(阅读地图、种植水果和蔬菜以及基本的汽车服务也是婴儿潮一代更常见的技能。但根据一项新的调查，只有三分之一的18至25岁的人能够做基本的DIY，而58岁及以上的人中这一比例为三分之二。)”可知，年轻一代人很多人不会阅读地图、种植水果和蔬菜以及基本的汽车服务这些基本技能。故选C。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第三段中“When asked at what age they thought developing new skills becomes “difficult”, Gen Z respondents said they were 35 years old, while those aged over 58 believed this number was 63 years old. (当被问及他们认为在什么年龄发展新技能变得“困难”时，Z世代受访者表示他们35岁，而58岁以上的人则认为这个数字是63岁。)”以及“The benefits in continuing to enjoy life, as well as developing new talents are very significant—both physically and mentally as we grow older.(随着年龄的增长，继续享受生活以及培养新才能的好处在身体和精神上都非常重要。)”可知，人们认为人的一生学习永远不会太迟，总要培养新才能。故选B。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。由文章第四段“Neuroscientist and author, Dr Julia Jones, said, “We underestimate our brain’s ability to continue learning. Our brain is the most complex and precise structure in the known universe but we only use a small part of its true potential throughout our lifetimes. To boost continued brain health, we should learn complex and novel skills at all ages. This becomes more important as we age, because these learning experiences help to build new connections between neurons (神经细胞) that maintain intelligence and reduce the risk of future brain decline.”(神经科学家兼作家Julia Jones博士说：“我们低估了我们大脑继续学习的能力。我们的大脑是已知宇宙中最复杂、最精确的结构，但我们一生只使用了它真正潜力的一小部分。为了促进大脑的持续健康，我们应该在各个年龄段学习复杂而新颖的技能。随着年龄的增长，这一点变得越来越重要，因为这些学习经验有助于建立新的认知能力。”神经元之间的相互作用，维持智力并降低未来大脑衰退的风险。”)”可知，充分利用大脑有很多好处，这一段对此利用大脑的原因进行了解释。故选C。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第最后一段中“I’m currently learning to play the guitar and it’s opened up a whole new world of music and fun.”(我目前正在学习弹吉他，这打开了一个全新的音乐和乐趣世界。”)”可知，琼斯博士认为学习乐器很有好处，可见，琼斯博士对此是赞许的。故选A。
D
Biologists who study evolution (进化) have always been interested in animals that developed on islands. In some situations, animals on islands changed over time and came to look very different from the same species that lived on the mainland.
The experts point to animals such as the dwarf elephant that once lived on the Mediterranean island of Cyprus. The animal is now extinct. When it lived, however, it was only the size of a small horse. Elephants that live today in Africa and Asia are much larger than that. In the West Indies, researchers found a giant rodent (啮齿动物) that looked like a rat. However, it was about the same size as an American black bear. Rats are, of course, many times smaller than bears.
Evolutionary experts came to call this phenomenon “island effect”. They used this term to describe the fact that animals who normally have small bodies “upsize” on an island, while the opposite is true for animals who usually have large bodies.
The “island effect” produces strange-sized animals because large animals require more food than small animals. On an island, there is a limited amount of food. As a result, larger animals become smaller over generations in order to survive with lower food intake. For small animals, there is not as much risk from predators on an island, so they often grow larger.
Recently, researchers released their findings about 1,231 existing animals and 350 extinct ones that represent 23 million years of life. They found that animals on islands were more at risk of extinction compared to their relatives on the mainland. The arrival of human settlers increased the extinction risk for these strange animals.
Roberto Rozzi, a paleoecologist at Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg in Germany said that the extinction line has become even sharper in recent decades.
The researchers call the islands “biodiversity hotspots”. Even though they only make up 7 percent of the Earth’s land mass, they account for 20 percent of the land species.
32. Why are the animals introduced in paragraph 2?
A. To compare the two species. B. To lead in the “island effect”.
C. To show two kinds of rare animals. D. To stress the change of surroundings.
33. What does “the opposite” refer to in paragraph 3?
A. Animals of normal small bodies “upsize” on an island.
B. Animals of normal small bodies “downsize” on an island.
C. Animals of normal large size have small bodies on an island.
D. Animals of normal large size have larger bodies on an island.
34. Which of the following does the “island effect” agree with?
A Some things never change. B. The gain outweighs the loss.
C. Humans live in harmony with nature. D. The fittest animals survive in natural selection.
35. What is the most suitable title for the text?
A. The History of Unique Island Animals B. The Benefits of Saving Island Animals
C. Unique Island Animals at Greater Changes D. Biological Diversity Threatened by Humans
【答案】32. B 33. C 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自然界的一种“岛屿效应”，指在某些情况下，岛屿上的动物随着时间的推移而发生变化，看起来与生活在大陆上的同一物种非常不同。解释了这种效应产生的原因以及给人们的启示。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“The experts point to animals such as the dwarf elephant that once lived on the Mediterranean island of Cyprus. The animal is now extinct. When it lived, however, it was only the size of a small horse. Elephants that live today in Africa and Asia are much larger than that. In the West Indies, researchers found a giant rodent (啮齿动物) that looked like a rat. However, it was about the same size as an American black bear. Rats are, of course, many times smaller than bears.(专家们指出，曾经生活在地中海塞浦路斯岛上的侏儒象等动物。这种动物现在已经灭绝了。然而，当它活着的时候，它只有一匹小马那么大。今天生活在非洲和亚洲的大象比那要大得多。在西印度群岛，研究人员发现了一种看起来像老鼠的巨型啮齿动物。然而，它和美国黑熊差不多大。当然，老鼠比熊小很多倍)”以及第三段“Evolutionary experts came to call this phenomenon “island effect”.(进化专家称这种现象为“岛屿效应”)”可推知，在第二段中介绍动物是为了引入“岛屿效应”。故选B。
【33题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“They used this term to describe the fact that animals who normally have small bodies “upsize” on an island”可知，进化专家用这个词来描述这样一个事实，即通常身体小的动物在岛上“变大”，while表示前后的对比，说明身体大的动物则身体变小。第3段中的“the opposite”指的是岛上正常体型大的动物身体小。故选C。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“The “island effect” produces strange-sized animals because large animals require more food than small animals. On an island, there is a limited amount of food. As a result, larger animals become smaller over generations in order to survive with lower food intake. For small animals, there is not as much risk from predators on an island, so they often grow larger.(“岛屿效应”产生了体型奇怪的动物，因为大型动物比小型动物需要更多的食物。在岛上，食物是有限的。结果，大型动物一代一代变小，以减少食物摄取量。对于小动物来说，在岛上没有那么大的危险，所以它们通常会长得更大)”可知，在自然选择中适者生存与“岛屿效应”一致。故选D。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Biologists who study evolution (进化) have always been interested in animals that developed on islands. In some situations, animals on islands changed over time and came to look very different from the same species that lived on the mainland.(研究进化的生物学家一直对在岛屿上进化的动物很感兴趣。在某些情况下，岛屿上的动物随着时间的推移而发生变化，看起来与生活在大陆上的同一物种非常不同)”结合文章主要介绍了自然界的一种“岛屿效应”，指在某些情况下，岛屿上的动物随着时间的推移而发生变化，看起来与生活在大陆上的同一物种非常不同。解释了这种效应产生的原因以及给人们的启示。可推知，C选项“变化巨大的独特岛屿动物”最符合文章标题。故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tips for Running in the Morning
There are so many great reasons to run in the morning. ____36____. This is not to suggest that getting into the habit is easy, especially if you’re not a morning person. But there are ways to ease you into the routine and in ways you may even enjoy.
◆Teach yourself good sleep habits
Building a morning running habit starts with a good night’s sleep. According to the American Sleep Association, you can train yourself to sleep at an earlier hour if you:
Plan to go to sleep at the same time every night.
Avoid TV, reading, or electronic devices an hour before bedtime.
____37____.
Have a nightly routine, such as a warm bath or listening to calming music.
◆____38____
It’s hard to blow off a run when you’re already dressed for it. If you really want to get a jump start and find motivation as soon as you open your eyes, simply wear your running clothes to bed.
◆Put your alarm clock out of reach
When your alarm clock goes off early in the morning, you may want to get a couple of more minutes’ sleep. If you’re struggling to get up, place the alar m clock across the room so that you have to get out of bed to turn it off. ___39___.
◆Eat smart
____40____. After a long night’s sleep, you have little to draw upon in the way of energy. If you head out the door having eaten nothing at all, you will likely experience tiredness, muscle pain, shortness of breath, and weakness. Worst yet, you may convince yourself that you’re “not made for morning runs”, when, in fact, you’re not feeding yourself properly.
A. Sleep in your running clothes
B. Then you are less likely to fall back asleep
C It is never good to run on an empty stomach
D. It is very important to keep fit and stay healthy
E. Avoid suffering from health problems in daily life
F. Avoid coffee or alcohol three hours before bedtime
G. It’s a great way to wake up and watch the world awaken with you
【答案】36. G 37. F 38. A 39. B 40. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个晨跑的小建议。
【36题详解】
根据前文的“There are so many great reasons to run in the morning.(早上跑步有很多很好的理由。)”可知，此处指出晨跑的好处，后文应该指出具体的好处。G选项“It’s a great way to wake up and watch the world awaken with you(这是一个很好的醒来方式，看着世界和你一起醒来)”承接前文，符合语境。故选G。
【37题详解】
根据前文“Teach yourself good sleep habits(养成良好的睡眠习惯)”可知，此处指出的是养成良好睡眠习惯的几个小建议。F选项“Avoid coffee or alcohol three hours before bedtime(睡前三小时不要喝咖啡或酒精)”与前文构成并列，即为养成良好睡眠习惯的建议。故选F。
【38题详解】
根据前文“If you really want to get a jump start and find motivation as soon as you open your eyes, simply wear your running clothes to bed.(如果你真的想一睁眼就开始跑步，找到动力，那就穿上跑步服上床睡觉吧。)”可知，此处指出的是穿着跑步服上床睡觉可以让你有跑步的动力。A选项“Sleep in your running clothes(穿着跑步服睡觉)”指出“穿着跑步服睡觉” 引起下文。故选A。
【39题详解】
根据前文“If you’re struggling to get up, place the alar m clock across the room so that you have to get out of bed to turn it off.(如果你挣扎着起床，把闹钟放在房间的另一边，这样你就必须起床才能关掉它。)”可知，此处指出挣扎着起床，把闹钟放在房间的另一边，这样你就必须起床才能关掉它，后文应该承接的是由此带来的后果。B选项“Then you are less likely to fall back asleep(这样你就不太可能再睡着了。)”承接前文，指出闹钟放在房间的另一边，这样你就必须起床才能关掉它，由此就不太可能再睡着了。故选B。
【40题详解】
根据本段段旨“Eat smart(聪明地吃)”指出，此处指出，在晨跑时，要注意吃东西这方面的事项。C选项“It is never good to run on an empty stomach(空着肚子跑步从来都不好。)”承接前文。故选C。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The small college, McPherson College in Kansas, offers its students the chance to work with old cars that might one day sell for nearly $1 million. It has a study ____41____ in automotive restoration, teaching students who are ___42___ in repairing cars a little bit of engineering, history, business, communication and art. It is the only one in the country with a four-year bachelor’s ____43____ in automotive restoration.
The program ____44____ in 1976 when a local businessman gave the school part of his classic car ____45____. At the time, he could not find people who could work on old cars.
In 1988, the college considered ____46____ the program due to lack of funds. But American comedian Jay Leno, who owned many classic cars, ____47____ their mind when he gave some ____48____ to the program.
For the last six years, McPherson College’s students have been ____49____ a 1953 old car. They are hoping to ____50____ the car next summer in the famous Pebble Beach Concours d’Elegance car show.
Michael Schneider, the president of McPherson College, said, “There’s an entire _____51_____ around the classic car, and at the _____52_____ of that industry is McPherson College.”
At a time when other colleges are _____53_____ for students, McPherson College now has 18% more students today than five years ago.
He noted the restoration program _____54_____ students to the college, but sometimes they decide to do _____55_____ else when they get there.
41. A. trend B. plan C. room D. program
42. A. concerned B. experienced C. interested D. engaged
43. A. life B. degree C. ability D. process
44. A. started B. maintained C. destroyed D. existed
45. A. market B. business C. collection D. museum
46. A. expanding B. rebuilding C. dropping D. establishing
47. A. improved B. changed C. made up D. stuck to
48. A. money B. advice C. praise D. information
49. A. studying B. approaching C. driving D. restoring
50. A. repair B. enter C. design D. complete
51. A. resource B. culture C. community D. industry
52. A. center B. history C. bottom D. edge
53. A. applying B. struggling C. waiting D. preparing
54. A. makes B. employs C. permits D. brings
55. A. nothing B. everything C. something D. anything
【答案】41. D 42. C 43. B 44. A 45. C 46. C 47. B 48. A 49. D 50. B 51. D 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了堪萨斯的麦克弗森学院为学生提供的旧车修复项目。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它有一个汽车修复的学习项目，教那些对修理汽车感兴趣的学生一些工程、历史、商业、通信和艺术知识。A. trend趋势；B. plan计划；C. room房间；D. program项目，计划。根据第二段中的“The program”可知，这里是program的原词复现，指的是汽车修复方面的学习项目。故选D。
【42题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. concerned关心的；B. experienced有经验的；C. interested感兴趣的；D. engaged忙于。根据空后的“in repairing cars”可知，这里是说对修理汽车感兴趣的学生。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它是国内唯一一所拥有四年制汽车修复学士学位的学院。A. life生活；B. degree（大学）学位；C. ability能力；D. process进程。根据空前的“bachelor’s”，这里是说学士学位。故选B。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：该项目始于1976年，当时一位当地商人将他收藏的部分经典汽车赠送给了学校。A. started开始，发起；B. maintained维持；C. destroyed破坏；D. existed存在。根据空后的“in 1976”可知，这里是说该项目的开始时间。故选A。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. market市场；B. business生意；C. collection收集物，收藏品；D. museum博物馆。根据空前的“part of his classic car”可知，这里是说这位商人收藏的部分经典汽车。故选C。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：1988年，由于缺乏资金，该学院考虑放弃该项目。A. expanding扩大，增加；B. rebuilding重建；C. dropping停止，终止，放弃；D. establishing建立。根据空后的“due to lack of funds”可知，由于资金短缺，该学院考虑放弃该项目。故选C。
【47题详解】
考查动词和动词短语词义辨析。句意：但是，当拥有许多经典汽车的美国喜剧演员杰·雷诺赠给这个项目一些钱时，他改变了他们的主意。A. improved提高；B. changed改变；C. made up编造；D. stuck to坚持。But表明前后文之间是转折关系，前面说该学院因为资金不足而考虑放弃这个项目，这里说杰·雷诺赠给了这个项目一些钱，这让学故改变了放弃项目的主意。change one’s mind意为“改变某人的主意”。故选B。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. money钱；B. advice建议；C. praise表扬；D. information信息。根据前一句的“lack of funds”和空前的“gave some”可知，杰·雷诺为这个资金不足的项目捐了一些钱。故选A。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的六年里，麦克弗森学院的学生们一直在修复一辆1953年的旧车。A. studying学习；B. approaching接近；C. driving驾驶；D. restoring修复。根据第一段中的“automotive restoration”可知，这里是说学生们在修复一辆1953年的旧车。故选D。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们希望明年夏天能让这辆车参加著名的圆石滩优雅车展。A. repair修理；B. enter为……报名参加（考试、比赛等）；C. design设计；D. complete完成。根据句中的“in the famous Pebble Beach Concours d’Elegance car show”可知，这里是说让这辆1953年的旧车参加明年夏天的圆石滩优雅车展。故选B。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：围绕着经典汽车有一个完整的行业，而这个行业的中心是麦克弗森学院。A. resource资源；B. culture文化；C. community社区；D. industry行业。根据句中的“that industry”可知，这里是industry的原词复现。故选D。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. center中心；B. history历史；C. bottom底部；D. edge边缘。根据空后的“of that industry is McPherson College”并结合上文麦克弗森学院开办汽车修复项目可知，这里是强调麦克弗森学院在经典汽车修复领域的地位，说的是麦克弗森学院位于这个行业的中心。故选A。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在其他大学都在努力争取学生的时候，麦克弗森学院现在的学生比五年前多了18%。A. applying申请；B. struggling努力，争取；C. waiting等待；D. preparing准备。根据空后的“for students, McPherson College now has 18% more students today than five years ago”可知，麦克弗森学院因为汽车修复项目而学生人数上升，而其他大学还在努力争取学生。struggle for意为“争取”。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他指出，修复项目把学生们带到了学院，但有时他们到那里后会决定做其他事情。A. makes使得；B. employs雇用；C. permits允许；D. brings带来。根据空后的“students to the college”和句中的“they get there”可知，这里是说这个项目把学生带到学院里。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. nothing没有什么；B. everything一切事物；C. something某事；D. anything任何事物。but前后表示转折，前面“the restoration program ____14____students to the college”说汽车修复项目吸引学生上这所学校，所以这里说有的时候学生来到这里并没有学习洗车修复，而是决定做一些其他的事情。故选C。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
“Only about 366 iconic North Atlantic right whales are left,” experts say, ____56____ (represent) a shocking 8% decline in a single year and the lowest number in about 20 years for this ____57____ (critical) endangered species. Human influences — getting stuck in fishing nets and crashing into ships — remain the biggest threats to the ____58____ (survive) of this species across eastern Canada and the United States.
North Atlantic right whales have been decreasing since 2011 when the species’ estimated number was about 481. In the past 10 years, the species ____59____ (drop) by 30%. Recent research shows that these threats are influencing their overall health, leaving them less energy to devote ____60____ growth and reproduction. Researchers estimate there are fewer than 100 breeding ____61____ (female) alive and more than 86% of ____62____ (identify) whales have been stuck at least once in their lifetime.
There is still hope: In 2021, scientists tracked 18 mother-calf pairs, ____63____ number that is cause for optimism — though still well below the annual average of 23 pairs from the previous decade.
“It’s going to be ____64____ (challenge), but everyone involved in right whales conservation is hopeful that we can create an environment in _____65_____ right whales can bounce back,” said Chris Johnson, the global lead for WWF Protecting Whales and Dolphins Initiative.
【答案】56. representing
57. critically
58. survival
59. has dropped
60. to 61. females
62. identified
63. a 64. challenging
65. which
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北大西洋露脊鲸目前的基本情况。
【56题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：专家说：“北大西洋标志性的露脊鲸只剩下366只。”这一数字在一年内惊人地下降了8%，是这种极度濒危物种近20年来的最低数量。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词，设空处只能填非谓语动词形式，结合句意可知，此处表自然而然的结果，整个短语作结果状语，应用现在分词形式。故填representing。
【57题详解】
考查副词。句意：专家说：“北大西洋标志性的露脊鲸只剩下366只。”这一数字在一年内惊人地下降了8%，是这种极度濒危物种近20年来的最低数量。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作状语，修饰形容词endangered，应用副词；critical的副词形式为critically，表示“严重地、很大程度上”。故填critically。
【58题详解】
考查名词。句意：在加拿大东部和美国，人类的影响——被困在渔网里和撞上船只——仍然是这个物种生存的最大威胁。分析句子可知，设空处位于定冠词the后，在句中作宾语，应用名词；survive的名词形式为survival，表示“生存”。故填survival。
【59题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的10年里，这个物种减少了30%。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，主语the species与动词drop之间为主动关系；结合时间状语in the past 10 years可知，此处应用现在完成时have/has done结构；主语名词species为单复数同形的词，此处指北大西洋露脊鲸这个物种，表单数，故谓语动词也应用单数形式。故填has dropped。
【60题详解】
考查介词。句意：最近的研究表明，这些威胁正在影响它们的整体健康，使它们用于生长和繁殖的精力减少。devote to为固定搭配，表示“奉献；投身于；将时间、精力投入到某个目标、事业或活动中”，to是介词。故填to。
【61题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：研究人员估计，目前活着的繁殖雌性鲸鱼不到100只，超过86%的鲸鱼一生中至少被困过一次。female为可数名词，根据前面的100可知，此处应用复数形式。故填females。
【62题详解】
考查形容词。句意：研究人员估计，目前活着的繁殖雌性鲸鱼不到100只，超过86%的鲸鱼一生中至少被困过一次。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作定语，修饰名词whales，应用形容词；identify的形容词形式为identified，表示“被识别的、经鉴定的、被认同的”。故填identified。
63题详解】
考查冠词。句意：希望仍然存在：2021年，科学家们追踪了18对母子，这个数字令人乐观——尽管仍远低于前十年23对的年平均水平。分析句子可知，设空处位于可数名词number前，此处整个短语作同位语，对前面的18 mother-calf pairs进行补充说明；18是一个数字，此处表泛指，应用不定冠词，number为辅音音素开头的词，此处应用a。故填a。
【64题详解】
考查形容词。句意：“这将是一个挑战，但每个参与保护露脊鲸的人都希望我们能创造一个露脊鲸可以反弹的环境，”世界自然基金会保护鲸鱼和海豚倡议的全球负责人克里斯约翰逊说。分析句子可知，设空处位于be动词后，作表语，应用形容词，此处表示变得具有挑战性。challenge的形容词形式为challenging，表示“富有挑战性的”。故填challenging。
【65题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：“这将是一个挑战，但每个参与保护露脊鲸的人都希望我们能创造一个露脊鲸可以反弹的环境，”世界自然基金会保护鲸鱼和海豚倡议的全球负责人克里斯约翰逊说。分析句子可知，设空处位于介词in后，此处构成了“介词+关系词”引导的定语从句，先行词为environment，表示物，应用which引导。故填which。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66. 你校英文报Your Voice栏目以主题为“Learning a new skill”向中学生征稿。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.介绍你学到的新技能；
2.谈谈你学习体会。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Learning a new skill
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Learning a new skill
Last month, I gained a new skill—swimming.
I had always wanted to learn swimming. So I signed up for a swimming course. In the first lesson, my coach asked me to lie in the water, with my both legs beating up and down and my two arms stretching upwards. Then, I was required to repeat the movements for several classes until good at them.
In the whole process, the coach gave only a few instructions at the beginning of each class and a few corrections during practice. It was my practice all the time that made my swimming perfect. I learnt that skill comes from practice.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于记叙文，要求考生以“Learning a new skill”为题写一篇短文投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
获得：gain→obtain
然后：then→afterwards
要求：require→demand
过程：process→course
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I had always wanted to learn swimming. So I signed up for a swimming course.
拓展句：I had always wanted to learn swimming. That’s why I signed up for a swimming course.
【点睛】[高分句型1] It was my practice all the time that made my swimming perfect. (运用了强调句)
[高分句型2] I learnt that skill comes from practice. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Collette was born in 1990 with Down syndrome (唐氏综合征). Her mother, Rosemary, promised to never treat her daughter differently or stop her pursuing dreams. Rosemary always supported her daughter’s ambitious pursuits. “I never feel the need to tell her she’s different. To me, it is just a label, and we all have strengths and weaknesses,” explained Rosemary. Despite being treated no differently at home, Rosemary could not control how others would regard Collette in the outside world. In high school, Collette endured years of loneliness and didn’t have many friends. She found comfort and a sense of achievement in her favorite hobby, baking.
After graduating from Clemson University, at age 26, Collette confidently went out into the job market. She had finished the three-year program a year early and posted good grades. Despite her excellent academic records, several potential employers rejected her, saying she wasn’t “a good fit”. It was too sad and hard for Collette to face. Some people saw her as a labeled individual with disabilities and they would not give her a chance. Collette recalled of her disappointing job search, “To me, it felt like they didn’t like me at all because of who I am. No one would hire me, so I decided to open my own business.” Collette started to take matters into her own hands by focusing on her strengths and her passions for baking.
Collette used rejection as fuel to build her baking business. With no business experience, but inspired by her encouraging family, she started her own cookie business. Rosemary helped guide Collette in the opening of her first business. With Collette’s drive combined with the support of family, friends and the community, the business met with a good start.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Collette was determined to make a success of her new business.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One day, Collette was interviewed by a reporter.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Collette was determined to make a success of her new business. Therefore, she went to a local grocery store and requested that they sell her cookies. After tasting her amazing cookies, they immediately agreed. She continuously perfected the skill and constantly enriched the variety. What’s worth mentioning is that a special kind of cookie was developed with her signature on it. Soon the cookies became a hit and gained a loyal fan base. Collette’s Cookies now employs 15 people and has amounted to $1 million in profit every year.
One day, Collette was interviewed by a reporter. She told the reporter her favorite part of her company is creating more jobs for people with all types of disabilities. Collette said it was important that she gave others the chance that she lost. When talking about her success, “You have to really focus on your abilities but not the disadvantages,” advised Collette. “Do not let people bring you down and do not give up on your careers and dreams, because when one door closes, another door opens.”
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Collette的故事，尽管她患有唐氏综合征，并且受到了别人的冷遇，她却没有放弃自己，通过自己的努力获得了成功。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Collette决心要使她的新事业取得成功。”以及第二段首句内容“一天，Collette接受了记者的采访。”可知，第一段可描写Collette如何在事业上取得成功。
②由第二段首句内容“一天，Collette接受了记者的采访。”可知，第二段可描写Collette谈到自己对成功的感触等。
2.续写线索：Collette决定自己创业——Collette创业过程并获得成功————Collette决定为其他残疾人士提供就业机会——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①要求： request/require
②同意：agree/consent
③雇佣：employ/hire
情绪类
①令人惊讶的：amazing/astonishing/marvelous
②使……失望：let...down/disappoint
【点睛】【高分句型1】What’s worth mentioning is that a special kind of cookie was developed with her signature on it. (运用了what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句)
【高分句型2】Collette said it was important that she gave others the chance that she lost. (运用了省略that的宾语从句、that引导的主语从句和that引导的限制性定语从句)