考点1 阅读理解之直接信息题（核心考点精讲精练）-备战2024年高考英语一轮复习考点帮（新高考专用）（学生版）

这是一份考点1 阅读理解之直接信息题（核心考点精讲精练）-备战2024年高考英语一轮复习考点帮（新高考专用）（学生版），共17页。试卷主要包含了 命题规律及备考策略等内容，欢迎下载使用。
考点1 阅读理解之直接信息题（核心考点精讲精练）

1. 2021-2023年三年高考真题考点分布
考点
题型
细节理解
阅读理解
2023
试卷类型
阅读
考点
2023新高考I卷
阅读21、22、23、24、26、28、33
细节理解
2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷
阅读21、22、23、24、25、27、29、32、35
细节理解
2022
2022·新高考I卷
阅读22、25、26、27、32、33
细节理解
2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷
阅读21、22、23、25、26、27、29、34
细节理解
2021
2021·新高考I卷
阅读21、22、23、24、26、27、28、32
细节理解
2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷
阅读21、22、23、24、27、28、30、32、33、34
细节理解



2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】近3年新高考卷对于阅读理解中的细节理解的考查共计48次，主要考查：
1．根据阅读文章理解文中的直接信息；
2．根据阅读文章理解文中的间接信息（主要识别同义句表达）；
3. 根据文章内容进行简单的计算；
4. 根据文章信息进行过程或时间顺序的排列；
5. 根据文章信息查找本文内容相同的部分；
【备考策略】系统归类细节理解的方法，尤其是同义句表达的技巧；熟练掌握阅读技能。
【命题预测】
2024年阅读理解对细节理解的考查仍然是重点，主要集中考查直接信息、间接信息（同义句表达）和数字计算。

【2024年高考命题预测】
细节理解之直接信息考点是高考中的必考点。直接信息考点主要在广告信息类文章中考，锁定题干直接找到答案，选项和文章内容一致。预测在2024高考中，直接信息题会在广告信息文章中和记叙文、说明文中的部分试题中呈现。
【细节理解之直接信息考点指南】
命题意图：我们在看文章、读报纸时，我们最重要的目的就是获取直接信息，也就是说，看了文章之后我们知道了什么，我们找到了我们需要的信息。通过阅读广告信息我们能做我们要做的事，这就是学以致用，在用中学的重要思想。因此，细节理解题一直是高考命题的重点，它要求考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节进行理解。有些答案考生可以直接从文中找到明确的线索，但有些则需要考生在理解的基础上将有关信息进行处理，如计算、排序、判断、比较等。近年全国及各省、市高考阅读理解中，对细节理解类题型的考查依然占了较大的比例。特别是应用文、说明文和记叙文中，更是侧重于对细节理解的考查。

[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷]
A
Yellowstone National Park offers a variety of ranger programmes throughout the park, and throughout the year. The following are descriptions of the ranger programmes this summer.
Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone (May 26 to September 2)
Whether you’re hiking a backcountry trail (小径), camping, or just enjoying the park’s amazing wildlife from the road, this quick workshop is for you and your family. Learn where to look for animals and how to safely enjoy your wildlife watching experience. Meet at the Canyon Village Store.
Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics (June 5 to August 21)
Kids can test their skills and compare their abilities to the animals of Yellowstone. Stay for as little or as long as your plans allow. Meet in front of the Visitor Education Centre.
Canyon Talks at Artist Point (June 9 to September 2)
From a classic viewpoint, enjoy Lower Falls, the Yellowstone River, and the breathtaking colours of the canyon (峡谷) while learning about the area’s natural and human history. Discover why artists and photographers continue to be drawn to this special place. Meet on the lower platform at Artist Point on the South Rim Drive for this short talk.
Photography Workshops (June 19 & July 10)
Enhance your photography skills—join Yellowstone’s park photographer for a hands-on programme to inspire new and creative ways of enjoying the beauty and wonder of Yellowstone.
6/19—Waterfalls & Wide Angles: meet at Artist Point.
7/10—Wildflowers & White Balance: meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area.
(　)21.Which of the four programmes begins the earliest?
A.Photography Workshops.
B.Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics.
C.Canyon Talks at Artist Point.
D.Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone.
【题干定位】关键词the earliest
【文章定位】根据各个活动的时间“Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone (May 26 to September 2)”、“Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics (June 5 to August 21)”、“Canyon Talks at Artist Point (June 9 to September 2)”及“Photography Workshops (June 19 & July 10)”
【比较】May 26→June 5→June 9→June 19
【答案定位】May 26→the earliest
【答案】D
【类型】直接信息题
(　)22.What is the short talk at Artist Point about?
A.Works of famous artists.
B.Protection of wild animals.
C.Basic photography skills.
D.History of the canyon area.
【题干定位】关键词What the short talk at Artist Point
【文章定位】……while learning about the area’s natural and human history.
【直接对接】D.History of the canyon area→the area’s natural and human history
【答案定位】History of the canyon area→what
【答案】B
【类型】直接信息题
(　)23.Where will the participants meet for the July 10 photography workshop?
A.Artist Point.
B.Washburn Trailhead.
C.Canyon Village Store.
D.Visitor Education Centre.
【题干定位】关键词Where July 10 photography workshop
【文章定位】7/10—Wildflowers & White Balance: meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area.
【直接对接】Washburn Trailhead
【答案定位】Washburn Trailhead→where
【答案】B
【类型】直接信息题


【2023届安徽省皖江联盟高三最后一卷联考】
Longing for the most amazing places on the planet? You can do no wrong with these lakes across the globe.
Five Flower Lake
Set in the striking karst landscape of the Jiuzhaigou Valley in Sichuan province, China, Five Flower Lake is extraordinarily clear, with visibility to a depth of 40 metres. Five Flower is one of a series of blue-, green-and sky-colored lakes blocked by rock falls, but it differs from the others as its waters change color, looking sometimes yellow, sometimes green, but usually diamond blue. In winter, Five Flower never freezes; in summer, it never dries up. Local wildlife living in the surrounding mountain forests include the rare giant panda and the golden snub-nose monkey.
Crater Lake
The deep-blue waters of Crater Lake in Oregon, US, fill the outlet of an ancient volcano that collapsed 7,700 years ago. Its strangest occupant is the “Old Man of the Lake”, a nine-metre-tall tree stump(树桩), which has stood upright in the water for more than a century. No rivers or streams enter the lake. Water loss in summer is compensated by winter snow and rain, the entire body of water being replaced every 250 years.
Lake Ohrid
Ancient Lake Ohrid has been around for about five million years and crosses the mountainous border between Macedonia and Albania. It has unique plants and wildlife, including the Ohrid “plashica”, a fish native to the lake, whose scales(鳞片) are used to make Ohrid pearls.
Lake Maggiore
Surrounded on three sides by the Lipontine Alps and touching the plain of Lombardy to the south, Lake Maggiore is Italy’s longest lake. Considered part of the country’s lake district, it is shared with Switzerland. Characterized by a Mediterranean-style climate, temperatures here are mild all year. This has given rise to some of northern Italy’s most wonderful gardens, which appear to float like flower-decked boats on the water.
1．What makes Five Flower Lake different from other lakes?
A．Its agreeable climate. B．The rare local wildlife.
C．Its color-changing waters. D．The visibility of waters.
2．How does Crater Lake mainly get water supply?
A．By artificial rain. B．By snow and rain.
C．From nearby streams. D．From an ancient tree.
3．Which lake has a typical warm climate?
A．Five Flower Lake. B．Crater Lake.
C．Lake Ohrid. D．Lake Maggiore.
规律方法：如何解决事实细节题？
做事实细节题最基本也最常用的方法是题干定位法。一般在原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便可确定答案。此类题通常用一些疑问词来提问，或是判断正误。
细节题的设题方式：
(1) 简单细节题标志：5个W，1个H。
According to the passage, when / where / what / who / why / how (many)….
例如：
When / Where did the story happen?
What did the author think about after getting up?
Who is Lucy according to the passage?
Why did the author bring back home an old milk box?
How long does it take the battery to charge up an iPhone?
(2) 文段篇章细节题
Which of the following is (not) true / false according to the passage?
From the passage, we can learn that ______.
According to passage, we know that ______.
(3) 排序题
Choose the right time order of the following events in ...
1. 判断关键词
(1) 识记关键词类别,主要分为以下类别：
a. 大写字母开头的词（人名、地名、专有名词等），数字（时间、英文时间），形容词副词（比较级、最高级），动词，名词。
b. 若题干中没有细节信息，如 “What can you learn from the passage?"无法找到定位词，就从选项中寻找定位词，方法一致。
(2) 划出关键词。如：
1.Why did Dr. Minor refuse to visit Oxford?
大写字母开头的词（人名、地名）
2.The TV ads of Sparrow ______.
大写字母开头的词（专有名词、人名）
3.From Paragraph 2 we can learn that ______.
数字
4.Why is June 6, 1990 a special day for Mommy?
数字（时间），大写字母开头的词
5.The writer mentions the two nineteenth-century cottages to show that ______.
数字（英文时间）
6.We can learn from the last paragraph that ______.
形容词
7.We learn from the text that in 2008 ______.
数字（时间）
8.At the age of thirteen, the author regarded keeping a diary as a way of ______.
数字（英文时间）
9.What was a new use for wind power in the late 19th century?
形容词，数字（时间）
10.While the Bowler family was living in the 1900 house, ______.
大写字母开头的词（人名），数字（时间）
2. 关键词回文定位
即把选项内容和原文内容进行对比分析，判断是否符合相关句的意义或在原文中提到过，然后进行排队解答。

[2023·全国甲卷]
A
Where to eat in Bangkok
Bangkok is a highly desirable destination for food lovers. It has a seemingly bottomless well of dining options. Here are some suggestions on where to start your Bangkok eating adventure.
Nahm
Offering Thai fine dining, Nahm provides the best of Bangkok culinary(烹饪的) experiences. It’s the only Thai restaurant that ranks among the top 10 of the world’s 50 best restaurants list. Head Chef David Thompson, who received a Michelin star for his London-based Thai restaurant of the same name, opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010.
Issaya Siamese Club
Issaya Siamese Club is internationally known Thai chef Ian Kittichai’s first flagship Bangkok restaurant. The menu in this beautiful colonial house includes traditional Thai cuisine combined with modern cooking methods.
Bo.Lan
Bo.Lan has been making waves in Bangkok’s culinary scene since it opened in 2009. Serving hard-to-find Thai dishes in an elegant atmosphere, the restaurant is true to Thai cuisine’s roots, yet still manages to add a special twist. This place is good for a candle-lit dinner or a work meeting with colleagues who appreciate fine food. For those extremely hungry there’s a large set menu.
Gaggan
Earning first place on the latest “Asia’s 50 best restaurants” list,progressive Indian restaurant Gaggan is one of the most exciting venues(场所) to arrive in Bangkok in recent years. The best table in this two-story colonial Thai home offers a window right into the kitchen, where you can see chef Gaggan and his staff in action. Culinary theatre at its best.
(　)21.What do Nahm and Issaya Siamese Club have in common?
A.They adopt modern cooking methods.
B.They have branches in London.
C.They have top-class chefs.
D.They are based in hotels.
(　)22.Which restaurant offers a large set menu?
A.Gaggan.
B.Bo.Lan.
C.Issaya Siamese Club.
D.Nahm.
(　)23.What is special about Gaggan?
A.It hires staff from India.
B.It puts on a play every day.
C.It serves hard-to-find local dishes.
D.It shows the cooking process to guests.

【2023届福建省福州市普通高中毕业班5月质量检测】
These science-themed field trips will offer you fantastic experiences.
London’s sites of scientific interest
Explore London’s notable sites of scientific interest along the River Thames, starting at Kew Bridge and walking to the Thames Barrier during the day with talks in the evening with some professors.
Visit the London Wetland Centre, Kew Gardens, Battersea Power Station, and the Greenwich Observatory. You will never be far from the river as you experience a wide range of topics including wildlife, medicine, power generation, engineering, physics and astronomy.
The science history of Scotland
Discover Edinburgh and Glasgow’s most famous scientific thinkers, and learn how their ideas supported our emerging understanding of the world from the 16th century onwards.
Enjoy expert talks and explore key sites from the Scottish Enlightenment (启蒙). Learn about the wide cast of advocates and hear from guest speakers, take part in walking seminars (研讨会) and enjoy several museum trips, as well as visits to two industrial wonders, the Falkirk Wheel and the Whitelee Windfarm.
Pre-Historic Southwest England
Involve yourself in the early human periods the Bronze and Iron Ages. A gentle walking tour that explores the pre-historic origins and evidence across Wiltshire and Dorset.
Visit several National Trust, English Heritage and UNESCO listed sites including Stonehenge and Maiden Castle and hear talks from the directors of the Wiltshire and Salisbury museums.
1．Which site can you visit along the River Thames?
A．Maiden Castle.
B．The Falkirk Wheel.
C．The Wetland Centre.
D．The Salisbury museums.
2．What is the visit to the Southwest England aimed at?
A．A closer look at the past.
B．A brief exposure to nature.
C．A new view about mysteries.
D．A deeper understanding of art.
3．What can visitors expect during all the three trips?
A．Talks with experts.
B．Visits to museums.
C．History explorations.
D．Scientific researches.

基础过关
（最新模拟试题演练）
1.【2023届福建省高中毕业班4月适应性练习】
Many of L.A．’s top museums and cultural attractions are your best choices if you visit Los Angeles. From ancient artifacts to modem art, read on for our guide in Los Angeles.
Museum of Latin American Art: Founded in 1996, it is the only museum in the United States devoted to modern and contemporary Latin American art. Since its beginning, it has doubled its size, added a 15,000-square-foot sculpture garden and expanded its permanent collection, ranging from works by Tamayo and Matta to Cruz-Diez, Los Carpinteros and Tunga. Free admission every Sunday.
Autry Museum of the American West: Located in Griffith Park, the Autry features world-class galleries filled with Native American art and artifacts, film memorabilia, historic firearms and more. The Autry’s collection of more than 500,000 pieces of art and artifacts includes the Southwest Museum of the American Indian Collection, one of the largest and most significant collections of Native American materials in the country. Free admission on the second Tuesday of every month.
Descanso Gardens: Located in La Cañada Flintridge, the 160-acre Descanso Gardens was originally developed in 1936 by Elias Manchester Boddy, whose numerous interests included horticulture and politics. Descanso Gardens offers numerous areas for exploring, including a Japanese tea garden, water-wise garden, Oak Woodland, California Garden, and the world’s largest collection of camellia flowers. Free admission on the third Tuesday of every month.
Caltech Museum: Founded in 1979 by members of the Caltech community and the Pasadena Junior League, the museum develops the potential of all kids through kid-driven experiences, inspiring them to become joyful, active learners. Admission to the museum is free on First Fridays.
1．What is special about Museum of Latin American Art?
A．It has a very long history.
B．It has been continuously enlarged.
C．It owns Native American artifacts.
D．It offers a wide range of exploration.
2．Which of the following helps to promote initiatives?
A．Museum of Latin American Art. B．Autry Museum of the American West.
C．Descanso Gardens. D．Caltech Museum.
3．What do the museums and gardens have in common?
A．They take up large areas. B．They have diverse cultures.
C．They collect artworks permanently. D．They offer free admission regularly.
2. 【2023届广东省八市高考4月二联考】
Community Volunteers Program
Community Volunteers Program is a brand new service opportunity that engages volunteers  in weekly service with community-based organizations in neighborhoods surrounding the Boston campus.It offers various volunteer placements that will allow you to connect your skills, passions, and interests with weekly  service!
826 Boston
It is a nonprofit kids writing and publishing organization empowering traditionally under-served students(age 2 to 13)to find their voices,tell their stories,and gain communication skills to succeed in school and in future life.
·Primary Focus:After-school   enrichment/tutoring.
·Opportunity Type:Remote.
Family Gym Program
Family Gym’s goal is to provide families with young children(age 0 to 10)with a safe, accessible space to engage in fun,and age-appropriate physical activity.
·Primary Focus: Nutrition and Meal Assistance, Nutrition and Physical Education.
·Opportunity Type:Virtual/Remote.
Community Servings
Community Servings actively engages the community to provide medically tailored, nutritious, scratch-made meals to critically ill kids(age 6 to 10)and  their  families.
·Primary Focus:Food Security,Nutrition and Meal Assistance.
·Opportunity Type:In person.
Hernández After School Program
HASP involves youth from the Rafael Hernández Two-Way Bilingual School to provide   the highest quality of specialized services to meet the educational,social, emotional,cultural,and    recreational needs of its students(age 5 to 12) in the surrounding communities.
·Primary Focus: After-school enrichment/tutoring for multilingual students.
·Opportunity Type: Remote.
1．What is the main job of volunteers in 826 Boston?
A．To teach students expressive skills. B．To provide kids with physical training.
C．To offer teenagers social assistance. D．To help youth with emotional problems.
2．Which program may prefer volunteers with medical knowledge?
A．826 Boston. B．Family Gym Program.
C．Community Servings. D．Hernndez After School Program.
3．What do the four programs have in common?
A．They advocate healthy diets. B．They focus on education.
C．They feature online service. D．They center around children.
3. 【2023届海南省海口市高考模拟】
The world is a splendid place, full of hidden and overt beauty in every corner. Here are some of the most beautiful places around the world.
Bwindi Impenetrable Forest, Uganda
Bwindi Impenetrable Forest is one of the last harbors of the mountain gorilla (大猩猩). Several hundred call this UNESCO World Heritage Site home, with the chance for visitors hike and meet habituated groups. Its biodiversity extends far beyond its most famous inhabitants. However -almost 350 bird species and around 220 butterfly species can be found within its 331-square-kilometer expanse.
Samburu, Kenya
Thanks to its relative inaccessibility in the heart of Kenya, Samburu is a haven (避难所) for some of Africa’s most charming wildlife. The grassland and acacia-dotted landscapes of its national reserve are home to the endangered giraffe and zebra, as well as the pioneering Elephant Watch Camp.
Zhangjiajie National Forest Park, China
China’s first UNESCO World Heritage Site, Zhangjiajie National Forest Park in Hunan Province is known for its towering sandstone pillars (柱子). Best explored on foot, its back trails make for an easy way to escape the crowds and find the best views. As the mists fall, it’s easy to sea why this area has long been an inspiration for traditional Chinese paintings.
The Maldives
The sand of its 1,200 islands is as white as it gets, and the water is a deep blue that puts all other seas in the shade. The Indian Ocean nation of the Maldives has developed into the world’s premier tropical hot spot for a reason. Best of all, there are plenty of beaches to go around, with over 100 private resorts and welcoming, affordable guesthouses around the Male and Ari atolls.
21．What makes Samburu a haven for wildlife?
A．Its landscape. B．Its location.
C．Its climate. D．Its food.
22．What do Bwindi Impenetrable Forest and Zhangjiajie National Forest Park have in common?
A．They are home to gorillas.
B．They have more than 350 bird species.
C．They are on the World Heritage Site List.
D．They are inspirations for traditional paintings.
23．Which of the following suits beach-lovers?
A．Bwindi Impenetrable Forest. B．Samburu.
C．Zhangjiajie National Forest Park. D．The Maldives.
4. 【2023届黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市高三下学期三模】
Four Music Festivals in 2023
Splash House—June—Palm Springs, California
When; June 9-11, August 11-13, and August 18-20
For the last 10 years, Splash House has been redefining the summer festival scene, offering a boutique (精品) festival experience in the heart of Palm Springs, complete with pool parties. To celebrate the 10-year milestone, Splash House 2023 is returning this and summer for its second triple-weekender (三周的周末游客) season on June 9—11, August 11-13, August 18-20.
Elements Music and Arts Festival—Long Pond, Pennsylvania
When: August 10-14
Elements Music and Arts Festival is the Northeast’s premier boutique festival experience, featuring artists like Chris Lake, John Summit, Skrillex, Elder brook, and LSD ream. It’s the ultimate carefree weekend event where music, community, art, camping, and adventure converge (集中) in to take over the small community of Long Pond, Pennsylvania.
Lightning in a Bottle—Buena Vista Lake, California
When: May 24-29
Taking place Memorial Day Weekend at Buena Vista Lake in Southern California, Lightning in a Bottle hosts a series of top music, creative art and immersive(沉浸式的) environments, and educational classes and workshops. The lineup this year includes ZHU, Tale of Us, Diplo, REZZ, The Glitch Mob, and more.
Heatwave Music Festival—Chicago, Illinois
When: June 10-11
Produced by Auris Presents, Chicago’s leading force in live music events, the Heatwave Music Festival takes over the entire city with a fully immersive, pop-art inspired event. The festival features headlining dance music acts like Tiesto, Slander, and more.
1．What can we know about the festival Splash House?
A．Its attendees can’t enjoy pool parties.
B．It has been held continuously for 10 years.
C．It’s held for its first triple-weekender season.
D．Its workshops are popular with music lovers.
2．Who will you probably see at Elements Music and Arts Festival?
A．REZZ. B．The Glitch Mob. C．Tiesto. D．Skrillex.
3．Which music festival lasts the shortest?
A．Lightning in a Bottle. B．Heatwave Music Festival.
C．Splash House. D．Elements Music and Arts Festival.
5. 【2023届湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学高三下学期5月压轴卷】
The Camino de Santiago
How long is the Camino de Santiago? That depends. Some take on the all-Spanish 1, 000 km Via de la Plata route from Seville to Santiago to Compostela, while the most popular route, from Saint Jean Pied de Port in France-sometimes called the Camino Francés or French Way-is 790 km.
A popular 116 km hike, ideal for 10 days of leisurely walking, is known as the English Way-not because English Christians prefer camping and pub stops to walking, but because it is believed the route, from Ferrol on the Galician Coast, was used by pilgrims (朝圣者) arriving from Britain and Ireland. The English Way starts with coastal views and passes through the small towns of Pontedeume and Betanzos, and lots of wooded and agricultural areas.
Top Tip
With a Pilgrim’s Credential, you qualify for lodgings (住宿), which have bunk beds (双层床铺) and shared facilities and cost from just £5-6 a night.
When to Go
This part of Spain has relatively mild weather year round. March to October are likely to be best for sunshine, but rain is always possible here.
Do It Yourself
Fly with Vueling (vueling, com) from London Gatwick to A Coruña, with returns £100, or take a boat from Plymouth to Santander (£150 return).
A Coruña to Ferrol by train takes an hour and 10 minutes and costs £5.5.
Lodging costs for 10 days come to about £60.
The 40-minute train from Santiago de Compostela to A Coruña costs £5.5.
21．Why is the English Way famous?
A．It appeals to English Christians. B．It was once employed by pilgrims.
C．It is suitable for comfortable walking. D．It showed beautiful scenery along the route.
22．Which month will you choose if you love sunshine?
A．January. B．February. C．June. D．December.
23．How should visitors go from Plymouth to Santander?
A．By air. B．By rail. C．By car. D．By water.
能力提升
【2023届黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市高三下学期三模】
A multi-institutional team of researchers conducted the first study to evaluate how the duration of nightly sleep early in the semester affects first year college students’ end-of-semester grade point average (GPA), Using Fitbit sleep trackers, they found that students on average sleep 6.5 hours a night, but negative outcomes accumulate when students received less than six hours of sleep a night. The results are available in the Feb. 13 issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Sleep guidelines recommend teenagers get 8 to 10 hours of sleep every night. Many college students experience irregular and insufficient sleep.
David Creswell, the William S. Dietrich Ⅱ Professor in Psychology and Neuroscience at the Dietrich College of Humanities and Social Sciences, led a team of researchers to evaluate the relationship between sleep and GPA．“Animal studies have shown how critical sleep is for learning and memory,” said Creswell.“Here we show how this work translates to humans.The less nightly sleep a first year college student gets at the beginning of the school term predicts lower GPA at the end of the term. Lack of sleep may be hurting students’ ability to learn in their college classrooms.”
The study evaluated more than 600 first-year students across five studies at three universities. The students wore wrist Fitbit devices to monitor and record their sleep patterns. The researchers found that students in the study sleep on average 6.5 hours a night.More surprisingly, the researchers found that students who receive less than six hours of sleep experienced a pronounced decline in academic performance. In addition, each hour of sleep lost corresponded to a 0.07 decrease in end-of-term GPA．
“Once you start dipping(下降)below six hours, you are starting to accumulate massive sleep debt that can impair a student’s health and study habits, compromising the whole system,” said Creswell.“Most surprising to me was that no matter what we did to make the effect go away, it persisted.”
1．What is the recommended sleep duration for teenagers per night?
A．6 hours. B．6.5 hours.
C．8 to 10 hours. D．Over 10 hours.
2．What’s Paragraph 5 mainly talking about?
A．The process of the research. B．The reason for the research.
C．The result of the research. D．The shortage of the research.
3．What does the underlined word “impair” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A．Change. B．Damage.
C．Improve. D．Attack.
4．What surprised Creswell most?
A．Sleep can influence college students’learning.
B．Many college students experience insufficient sleep.
C．College students have poor academic performance for lack of sleep.
D．The negative effect of insufficient sleep on college students won’t disappear.
真题感知
1.[2023·全国乙卷]
A
PRACTITIONERS
Jacqueline Felice de Almania ( c.1322 ) highlights the suspicion that women practising medicine faced. Born to a Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery. In 1322 she was tried for practising unlawfully. In spite of the court hearing testimonials (证明) of her ability as a doctor, she was banned from medicine.
Tan Yunxian (1461—1554) was a Chinese physician who learned her skills from her grandparents. Chinese women at the time could not serve apprenticeships (学徒期) with doctors. However, Tan passed the official exam. Tan treated women from all walks of life. In 1511,Tan wrote a book, Sayings of a Female Doctor, describing her life as a physician.
James Barry (c.1789—1865) was born Margaret Bulkley in Ireland but, dressed as a man, she was accepted by Edinburgh University to study medicine. She qualified as a surgeon in 1813, then joined the British Army, serving overseas. Barry retired in 1859, having practised her entire medical profession living and working as a man.
Rebecca Lee Crumpler (1831—1895) worked as a nurse for eight years before studying in medical college in Boston in 1860. Four years later, she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree. She moved to Virginia in 1865, where she provided medical care to freed slaves.
(　)21.What did Jacqueline and James have in common?
A.Doing teaching jobs.
B.Being hired as physicians.
C.Performing surgery.
D.Being banned from medicine.
(　)22.How was Tan Yunxian different from the other practitioners?
A.She wrote a book.
B.She went through trials.
C.She worked as a dentist.
D.She had formal education.
(　)23.Who was the first African American with a medical degree?
A.Jacqueline Felice de Almania.
B.Tan Yunxian.
C.James Barry.
D.Rebecca Lee Crumpler.
2.A【2021·全国新高考I卷】
Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel ( 旅 社 ). The hostels in Rome offer a bed in a dorm room for around $25 a night, and for that, you’ll often get to stay in a central location (位置) with security and comfort.
Yellow Hostel
If I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel. It’s one of the best-rated hostels in the city, and for good reason. It’s affordable, and it’s got a fun atmosphere without being too noisy. As an added bonus, it’s close to the main train station.
Hostel Alessandro Palace
If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome. Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests like free shots, bar crawls and karaoke. There’s also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer.
Youth Station Hostel
If you’re looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel, look no further than Youth Station. It offers beautiful furnishings and beds. There are plenty of other benefits, too; it doesn’t charge city tax; it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms; it also has free Wi-Fi in every room.
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10-minute walk from the central city station and it’s close to all of the city’s main attractions. The staff is friendly and helpful, providing you with a map of the city when you arrive, and offering advice if you require some. However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.
21．What is probably the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in a hostel?
A．Comfort. B．Security.
C．Price. D．Location.
22．Which hotel best suits people who enjoy an active social life?
A．Yellow Hostel. B．Hostel Alessandro Palace.
C．Youth Station Hostel. D．Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes.
23．What is the disadvantage of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes?
A．It gets noisy at night. B．Its staff is too talkative.
C．It charges for Wi-Fi. D．It’s inconveniently located.
3.B【2021·全国新高考I卷】
By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer. In his spare on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova — not as a musician but as her page turner. “I’m not a trained musician, but I’ve learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.”
Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group’s official page turner for the past four years. His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn’t have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage.
“A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don’t turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot.” Mr Titterton explained.
Being a page turner requires plenty of practice. Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to 50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages. Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.
But like all performances, there are moments when things go wrong. “I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,” Mr Titterton said, “Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back.”
Most page turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists, although Ms Raspopova has once asked her husband to help her out on stage.
“My husband is the worst page turner,” she laughed. “He’s interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: ‘Turn, turn!’ “Robert is the best page turner I’ve had in my entire life.”323
24．What should Titterton be able to do to be a page turner?
A．Read music. B．Play the piano.
C．Sing songs. D．Fix the instruments.
25．Which of the following best describes Titterton’s job on stage?
A．Boring. B．Well-paid.
C．Demanding. D．Dangerous.
26．What does Titterton need to practise?
A．Counting the pages. B．Recognizing the “nodding”.
C．Catching falling objects. D．Performing in his own style.
27．Why is Ms Raspopova’s husband “the worse page turner”?
A．He has very poor eyesight. B．He ignores the audience.
C．He has no interest in music. D．He forgets to do his job.
4. 【2021·天津第一次高考卷】
Job for You!
Family Alliance Meal Delivery
Family Alliance is looking for people who can deliver hot Chinese meals one to two times a week for people with disabilities in north suburban Fairfield County.
All applicants must have a driver's license and access to a car. Gas will be covered for each delivery.
Working hours: 10 a.m. to 1 p.m. Tuesdays and Fridays
For more information, contact Charles Chen
at cchen@famd.com
Or call 740-6668988
Lancaster Design
We provide full furnishings, like donated kitchen equipment and furniture items, for the new homes of people who were oncehomeless.
We need people who can work at our warehouse （仓库）sorting and packing items to be delivered to families, repair donated furniture and more. Candidates will be matched with a task based on skill set.
Interested? Submit your application to
www.lancasterdesign.org
Or call 740-6119735
Lancaster Weekly
Would you like the opportunity to earn extra cash close to home? If so we have a vacancy in our team which would suit you.
Both adults and youngsters aged 13+ are required to deliver our newspaper. You may I have to cover some distance. Bicycles are available if needed.
Working hours: 8 a.m. to 10 a.m. Saturdays
For more information
Call 740-6538360
Parkview Nursing Home
Caregivers are wanted. We seek people who are patient and caring, and who have experience and interest in working with older adults.
As part of the package, initial and follow-up training sessions are provided and accommodation is available if required.
For more details, visit us at Unit 3 Park View Lane
Or contact Ellen White at 740-6968399

36．Which job requires a driver's license?
A．Delivering meals.
B．Delivering newspapers.
C．Working at the warehouse.
D．Working at the nursing home.
37．Which of the following is TRUE about the Lancaster Design job?
A．Applicants are expected to design furniture.
B．Work is arranged according to one's skill set.
C．It involves collecting furniture from homes.
D．It favors applicants who are homeless.
38．A middle-school student is most likely to be hired by______.
A．Family Alliance Meal Delivery
B．Lancaster Design
C．Lancaster Weekly
D．Parkview Nursing Home
39．Which number should you call if you want to work with the elderly?
A．740-6668988.
B．740-6119735.
C．740-6538360.
D．740-6968399.
5. A【2021·全国新高考I卷】
Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel ( 旅 社 ). The hostels in Rome offer a bed in a dorm room for around $25 a night, and for that, you’ll often get to stay in a central location (位置) with security and comfort.
Yellow Hostel
If I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel. It’s one of the best-rated hostels in the city, and for good reason. It’s affordable, and it’s got a fun atmosphere without being too noisy. As an added bonus, it’s close to the main train station.
Hostel Alessandro Palace
If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome. Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests like free shots, bar crawls and karaoke. There’s also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer.
Youth Station Hostel
If you’re looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel, look no further than Youth Station. It offers beautiful furnishings and beds. There are plenty of other benefits, too; it doesn’t charge city tax; it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms; it also has free Wi-Fi in every room.
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10-minute walk from the central city station and it’s close to all of the city’s main attractions. The staff is friendly and helpful, providing you with a map of the city when you arrive, and offering advice if you require some. However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.
21．What is probably the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in a hostel?
A．Comfort. B．Security.
C．Price. D．Location.
22．Which hotel best suits people who enjoy an active social life?
A．Yellow Hostel. B．Hostel Alessandro Palace.
C．Youth Station Hostel. D．Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes.
23．What is the disadvantage of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes?
A．It gets noisy at night. B．Its staff is too talkative.
C．It charges for Wi-Fi. D．It’s inconveniently located.