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2023年陕西省西安市铁一中学中考六模英语试题（含解析）
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这是一份2023年陕西省西安市铁一中学中考六模英语试题（含解析），共19页。试卷主要包含了完形填空，阅读单选，阅读还原7选5，完成句子，短文选词填空，阅读回答问题，填写适当的句子补全对话，材料作文等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023年陕西省西安市铁一中学中考六模英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、完形填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。
Do you know koalas? It is an animal 1 in the forests of eastern Australia. The koala spends most of its life in the trees, eating at night and 2 sleeping for 18 hours a day. Koalas spend most of the night feeding on eucalyptus （桉树） leaves. A koala needs 100 trees. In the wild, koalas can live up to 20 years. They can only grow up to 9 kg and between 60 to 85 cm. When 3 first Englishman reached Australia, there were over ten million koalas. However, there are only 58 thousand today. Do you know 4 ? The wild fires, the change of the weather and many other things. The koala may look like a bear, but it is a marsupial （有袋类动物）（育儿袋）. Koalas have a special smell and they use it 5 their home. “This is my place. You can’t 6 .” Mother koalas give 7 to their young once a year. Baby koalas are 8 joeys and live in their mother’s pouch for 5 to 7 months, feeding on 9 milk. After seven months, the joey leaves the pouch and stay on to its mother’s back. It lives with its mother for up to a year 10 it can get food itself.
1．A．lives B．live C．living D．lived
2．A．near B．nearly C．hardly D．hard
3．A．an B．/ C．a D．the
4．A．what are the reason B．how did this happen C．what the reasons was D．how this happened
5．A．to marking B．to mark C．mark D．marking
6．A．come from B．come over C．come off D．come in
7．A．birth B．bear C．bore D．born
8．A．call B．calling C．called D．calls
9．A．hers B．she C．her D．herself
10．A．yet B．while C．since D．until
阅读下面一篇短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。
Yesterday was Sunday and my sister was leaving for Shanghai on business. I 11 to go to the airport to see her off. 12 , I overslept because the alarm clock didn’t go off. When I woke up, she had got on the 13 . After getting up, I decided to go to the market to buy some vegetables. A young lady sat beside me on the bus. She kept her head down for a long time. I could see that she was very 14 . I wondered what she was thinking about, so I started to talk with her. When she lifted her head, I saw 15 on her face. We talked till she 16 the bus. She thanked me and asked me for my address. Several 17 later, I received a letter from her. In the letter, she said that day she wanted to 18 her life because some bad things happened. She thought if God really cared about her, he would send 19 to help her. In her eyes, I was the person sent by God. She thanked me again for talking with her and 20 her. I never imagined that a short talk would make such a big difference to a person’s life.
11．A．managed B．planned C．refused D．sent
12．A．Suddenly B．Completely C．Unluckily D．Totally
13．A．air B．wind C．boat D．plane
14．A．upset B．excited C．relaxed D．glad
15．A．hope B．tears C．dream D．smiles
16．A．got on B．turned on C．got off D．jumped down
17．A．seconds B．minutes C．days D．moments
18．A．give off B．give out C．give in D．give up
19．A．someone B．no one C．everybody D．nobody
20．A．introducing B．encouraging C．explaining D．shouting
二、阅读单选
阅读下面A，B，C三篇短文，从所给的四个选项中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的一个最佳答案。
According to a recent report, cats have become the most loved pets in China. The report shows that the number of pet cats cared for by Chinese families reached 58. 06 million in 2021 while the number of dogs was 54. 29 million. Pet owners prefer cats because they are quiet and easy to take care of, the report says.
Akira Li works in Shanghai as a doctor. She has been a dog owner for 15 years. She loves both dogs and cats, but she is now living with her parents and her mother doesn’t like cats. “I am moving out soon and I will get a cat after I live by myself,” Li said. “Jop Zhao is a dancing teacher. He likes large dogs, but he hasn’t yet made up his mind to raise one. “My friend once asked me to look after his dog for two months. It was really a happy time, but it was tiring to keep a dog,” Zhao said. People raise pets for different reasons. Here are the reasons.
21．According to the passage, why do people prefer cats to dogs?
A．Because people spend less money on cats than on dogs.
B．Because it is easy to take care of cats.
C．Because dogs often make the room a mess.
D．Because cats hardly ever get sick.
22．What does Jop Zhao think of keeping a dog?
A．It drives him crazy.
B．It’s happy but tiring.
C．It is so expensive that he can’t afford it.
D．It’s a waste of time.
23．Which of following is NOT TRUE?
A．Most people have pets because they love them.
B．Akira Li will have a cat in the future.
C．Having a pet can make people feel less lonely.
D．Old people and kids also need pets.
GE Money has recently done a study. It shows that women spend over 8 years of their life shopping. According to the study, women spend about 400 hours shopping each year. About a quarter of that time is spent doing some shopping for food.
Million Looks magazine says that shopping can be a good thing, and they give some interesting facts about women and shopping. The magazine says that women who shop for more than 17 hours a week are thinner and healthier than those who spend less time shopping. The magazine also says that women who shop more often look and feel much younger than those who dislike shopping. Finally, it points out that most women who enjoy shopping are more confident and happier.
We can’t be sure if these things are true, but one thing that is really true is that shopping is big business. There are now about 50,000 shopping malls in our country alone, and each person spends 80 yuan each time they visit a mall.
The shopping mall also encourages people to spend as much as possible, and stay in the mall as long as possible. You may have noticed that places to sit are difficult to find in malls. This is because people can’t spend money when they are sitting!
24．How long does a woman spend shopping for food a year?
A．100 hours B．200 hours C．300 hours D．400 hours
25．What does the writer think of shopping according to paragraph 3?
A．Shopping makes women look younger.
B．Shopping makes women more confident.
C．Shopping is really big business.
D．Shopping is truly interesting.
26．It is difficult to find a chair to sit on because ________.
A．there is not enough space
B．there are too many people
C．malls want to save money
D．malls want people to walk and buy
As you grow rapidly through your teenage years, you will experience a lot of changes. The changes may seem difficult and they may seem to happen quickly. Don’t be nervous! You are sure to deal with them. You are a young adult now!
With more responsibility, you will find more freedom to make your own choices. This is a time to be well informed about your choices so that you can make healthy and balanced decisions that will help shape your future. You may already know your career path or you may have no idea what you want to do. Both situations are fine. Work hard and the right opportunity will present itself to you. Young adulthood means greater freedom and more choices. You will probably want to be independent. But try not to shut your family out of your life. You should learn to think of others even though you are old enough to look after yourself. Your family have been with you since you came into this world.
It is also perfectly natural in this time for you to spend more time with your friends than your family. Choose your friends wisely. A true friend will stand by you no matter what happens. This period is part of the life cycle. There are some people who will be with you throughout life’s journey and there will be some people with whom you part and go separate ways. Leaving school can be hard. The reality is that you may not see all of your classmates again.
You are a young adult. It is your life. No one can live it for you. The choices that you make from now on will be your choices. So making the right choices will be important for you. Life is for living. Enjoy your life wisely!
27．Who do the underlined words “some people” (Paragraph 3) probably refer to?
A．Your parents.
B．Your classmates.
C．True friends.
D．Your relatives.
28．According to the author, teenage years are ________.
A．a period of complete freedom
B．too hard for young people to get through
C．a very important period for young students to leave their parents
D．an important time for the young to make the right choices
29．The best title for this passage would be ________.
A．The Chances in Life
B．Becoming a Young Adult
C．Say Goodbye to the Past
D．The Key to Success
30．Who is the passage mainly written for?
A．Teenagers. B．Teachers. C．Young parents . D．Adults.
三、阅读还原7选5
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Over thousands of years, China has produced a large number of inventions. And the four things, which are paper, the gunpowder, the compass and printing, 31
The invention of paper came in China around 105 AD． 32 The great thing about Cai Lun’s invention was that his paper was good to write on, cheap, light and easy to carry.
The second great invention, printing, goes closely with paper. Building on other printing technology, Bi Sheng invented movable type printing around 1040. 33 Today almost everyone in the world uses printing. People can use it to print newspaper, magazines and books.
The third great Chinese invention is gunpowder. Gunpowder was invented in the Tang Dynasty. Before its invention, people couldn’t do something like building mountain tunnels（隧道）. 34
The compass was invented in the Spring and Autumn Period. The circular center means Heaven, and the square plate means Earth. 35 The spread of the compass to Europe opened the oceans of the world to travel and led to the discovery of the New World.
A．The inventor of paper is Cai Lun.
B．Nowadays people use it to break rocks into pieces.
C．at that time few people thought it necessary to record daily things.
D．are traditionally called the Four Great Inventions in China.
E．The hand of the spoon points south.
F． And now it is still impossible to build tunnels.
G． Before its invention, people copied down things by handwriting.
四、完成句子
36．和平和发展是当今世界的两个主题。
Peace and are the two main themes of the world.
37．我试过很多方法，但还是不知道如何应对害羞。
I have tried many ways, but still don’t know how to shyness.
38．英语课上，凯特听得比其他任何学生都认真。
Kate listened than any other student in English class.
39．放学后在操场上运动是莫大的乐趣。
It is great pleasure to do sports after school.
40．安全第一。当我们一个人的时候我们必须保护自己。
Safety comes first. We must when we are alone.
41．真乱啊！你最好尽快打扫一下房间。
What a mess! You’d better as quickly as possible.
42．上车之前乘客被要求进行检查。
are required to have a check before they get on the bus.
43．早上我醒来的时候，妈妈正在厨房做早饭。
When I woke up in the morning, my mom was making breakfast .
44．因为我忙于学习所以最近我没有时间和朋友出去逛。
I have no time to hang out with friends recently because I my study.
45．你应该尽最大的努力解决问题而不是逃避问题。
You should try your best to solve the problems running away from them.
五、短文选词填空
短文填空：用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词）
choose, they, reach, success, fly, daughter, woman, train, complete, far
Which is the most difficult, becoming a mother of two, getting a doctor’s degree or 46 into space? Liu Yang has 47 got them all done. As the Shenzhou-14 spaceship was sent up on June 5, Liu 48 a new height in her career. Now, she’s working to 49 the construction of China’s space station. Liu didn’t expect to be an astronaut when she was a child. Born in 1978, she was a pupil Chinese chess champion in her hometown, Zhengzhou. She once dreamed of being a lawyer or an office lady. However, she was 50 to be an astronaut in 2010 after having a record of 1680 hours of safe flights in the Air Force. She spent the next two years taking all kinds of courses and receiving physical 51 . In 2012, Liu made history as the first Chinese 52 astronaut in space. After that, she went to university for 53 education and raised two children at the same time. “My daughter asked me to take more photos of space. I know she wants to share 54 with her classmates.” Liu said in an interview before leaving. “I remember my 55 words so I will do what I have promised.”
六、阅读回答问题
任务型阅读：阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。
When you’re not at home, many worries may start to appear in your mind. Did I turn the coffee maker off? Did I lock the door? Are the kids doing their homework or watching television?
With a smart home, you won’t have these worries any more.
A smart home is a home with a communication network. This network connects devices（装置）, such as lights and TV sets, and allows them to be controlled from far away through electrical wiring.
More and more people may start to consider owning a smart home because it makes life much more convenient. It can help keep your room at a certain temperature. It can record what happens inside the home and send the video to your phone. When you are on vacation abroad, you can use a smart home controller to turn on or off the electricity when necessary. Some smart homes can receive a visitor, allowing him to come in and offering him a drink. They can even feed the pets and water the plants. Besides, using only the guiding information. When there is a problem, you can deal with it yourself without paying a professional worker.
However, for home-users, the smart home technology is far from perfect. It can be a little expensive to own a smart home because the technology and the devices cost a lot. Also the system（系统） allows its owner to get home information from anywhere, so it leaves the home easy to be broken into by hackers （黑客）
Now, many scientists are excited at the future of smart home technology. Imagine being able to get fashion advice from your mirror, or receive food shopping suggestions from your fridge. While there are others who worry that those smart devices will make people lazier and lonelier. Whatever it is, one thing is for sure——smart home technology will change the way we live and work.
56．What is a smart home?
It is a home .
57．Why do more and more people consider having a smart home?
Because it .
58．What does the 4th paragraph mainly talk about?
It mainly talks about of a smart home.
59．After reading the passage, Sam doesn’t want a smart home any more. Tell us the reason. （One is enough）
Maybe he thinks .
60．What is the writer’s opinion about the smart home technology?
The writer thinks it .
七、填写适当的句子补全对话
补全对话：根据下面情境，在每个空白处填入一个恰当的语句，使对话恢复完整。
(A tourist from Shanghai and a tour guide in Xi’an met at Xi’an Railway Station.)
A: Excuse me, are you Li Ming from Shanghai?
B: Oh, yes. You must be my guide, Zhang Chen. Nice to meet you.
A: 61 . Welcome to Xi’an.
B: Thank you. This is the first time that I have been here. 62 ?
A: Of course. Feel free to ask me questions.
B: 63 ?
A: About 1,2873 million. And the number is still increasing.
B: I see. 64 ?
A: You know Xi’an is one of the driest cities in China, so it is almost sunny and cloudy all year round.
B: People in Shanghai are fond of sweet food, such as sweet dumplings, zongzi and all kinds of cakes. 65 ?
A: The food we like is kind of different from yours. But don’t worry. I am sure you will have fun experiencing our local food.
八、材料作文
66．为弘扬中华传统文化，增强文化自觉，学校将举行一次英语演讲比赛。请以“ ___________Festival”为题，写一篇演讲稿，介绍一个你最喜欢的中国传统节日。
提示问题：What is your favorite traditional festival? Can you say some basic facts about it?
How do people celebrate it? Why do you like it?
要求：
1. 参考提示内容，可适当发挥；
2. 语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整；
3. 文章不得出现你的任何真实信息（姓名、校名、地名等）；
4. 词数：不少于70词。
___________ Festival
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．C 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．C 10．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了一种生活在澳大利亚东部森林里的动物——考拉。
1．句意： 它是一种生活在澳大利亚东部森林里的动物。
lives居住，第三人称单数；live居住，动词原形；living居住，现在分词；lived居住，过去式。空格部分作定语，与“animal”之间构成主动关系。因此选living。故选C。
2．句意：考拉一生中大部分时间都在树上度过，一天差不多要睡18个小时。
near附近的；nearly差不多；hardly几乎不；hard困难的。根据“sleeping for 18 hours a day.”可知，此处指“差不多要睡18个小时”，因此用“nearly”。故选B。
3．句意：当第一个英国人到达澳大利亚时。
an一个，表泛指，用于元音音素开头的词之前；/零冠词；a一个，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的词之前；the表特指。根据“When…first Englishman reached Australia,”可知，此处表示特指，因此用定冠词“the”。故选D。
4．句意：你知道原因是什么吗？
what are the reason原因是什么；how did this happen怎么会这样；what the reasons was原因是什么；how this happened这是怎么发生的。根据“The wild fires, the change of the weather and many other things.”可知，此处询问原因，使用陈述语序。故选C。
5．句意：考拉有一种特殊的气味，他们用它来标记他们的家。
to marking标记，介词to后跟动名词；to mark标记，不定式；mark标记，动词原形；marking标记，动名词。use sth. to do sth.意为“用……来做……”，因此此处用“to mark”。故选B。
6．句意：你不能进来。
come from来自；come over过来；come off成功，脱落；come in进来。根据“This is my place.”可知，此处指“你不能进来”。故选D。
7．句意：考拉妈妈每年生一次孩子。
birth出生，名词；bear生育，动词原形；bore出生，过去式；born出生，过去分词。根据“Mother koalas give…to their young once a year.”可知，空处作宾语，因此用名词作宾语。give birth to“生育”。故选A。
8．句意：考拉宝宝被称为“幼崽”，在妈妈的育儿袋里生活5到7个月，靠妈妈的乳汁为生。
call称呼，动词原形；calling称呼，现在分词；called称呼，过去式/过去分词；calls称呼，第三人称单数。动词和joeys之间构成被动关系，前面有be动词are，空处需用过去分词。故选C。
9．句意：考拉宝宝被称为“幼崽”，在妈妈的育儿袋里生活5到7个月，靠妈妈的乳汁为生。
hers她，名词性物主代词；she她，主格；her她的，形容词性物主代词；herself她自己，反身代词。根据“feeding on…milk.”可知，此处用形容词性物主代词，修饰其后名词。故选C。
10．句意：它和母亲一起生活长达一年，直到它能自己觅食。
yet然而；while当……时候；since自从；until直到。根据“It lives with its mother for up to a year…it can get food itself.”可知，考拉宝宝会和母亲生活，直到自己可以觅食，因此选until。故选D。
11．B 12．C 13．D 14．A 15．B 16．C 17．C 18．D 19．A 20．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在周日打算去给姐姐送行，但是闹钟没有响起，之后决定去买菜，在公共汽车上遇到了一个很沮丧的女士，作者帮助了那位女士，那位女士写信来感激她。
11．句意：我打算去机场给她送行。
managed管理；planned计划；refused拒绝；sent发送。根据“my sister was leaving for Shanghai on business”可知，姐姐要去上海出差，因此是计划给她送行。故选B。
12．句意：不幸的是，我睡过头了，因为闹钟没有响。
Suddenly突然地；Completely完全地；Unluckily不幸地；Totally完全地。根据“I overslept because the alarm clock didn’t go off.”可知，是作者睡过头了，因此“不幸地”符合语境。故选C。
13．句意：当我醒来时，她已经上了飞机。
air空气；wind风；boat船；plane飞机。根据前文“go to the airport to see her off”可知，是姐姐已经登上了飞机。故选D。
14．句意：我能看得出她很沮丧。
upset难过；excited兴奋的；relaxed放松的；glad高兴的。根据“She kept her head down for a long time”可知，这位女士低头了很久，因此是心情难过的。故选A。
15．句意：当她抬起头时，我看到她脸上满是泪水。
hope希望；tears眼泪；dream梦想；smiles微笑。根据“A young lady sat beside me on the bus. She kept her head down for a long time. I could see that she was very...”可知，那位女士低头了很久，心情应是不太好，可推测她抬起头后脸上满是泪水。故选B。
16．句意：我们一直聊到她下车。
got on上车；turned on打开；got off下车；jumped down跳下。根据“We talked till she...the bus. She thanked me and asked me for my address.”可知，她感谢我，并要了我的地址，这时她要下车了。故选C。
17．句意：几天后，我收到了她的信。
seconds秒；minutes分钟；days天；moments瞬间。根据“ Several...later, I received a letter from her”可知，应是在几天后收到了那位女士的信。故选C。
18．句意：在信中她说，因为发生了一些不好的事情，所以那天她想要放弃自己的生命。
give off散发；give out分发；give in投降；give up放弃。根据“because some bad things happened”可知，因为不好的事情发生，导致她想放弃生命。故选D。
19．句意：她想，如果上帝真的关心她，他就会派某个人来帮助她。
someone某人；no one没有人；everybody每个人；nobody没有人。根据“if God really cared about her, he would send...to help her.”可知，若上帝关心她，则会派人来帮她，因此someone符合语境。故选A。
20．句意：她再次感谢我与她交谈并鼓励她。
introducing介绍；encouraging鼓励；explaining解释；shouting喊叫。根据“I never imagined that a short talk would make such a big difference to a person’s life.”可知，作者与这位女士之间简短的对话改变了她，因此是鼓励了这位女士。故选B。
21．B 22．B 23．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国家庭养宠物的情况。
21．细节理解题。根据第一段“Pet owners prefer cats because they are quiet and easy to take care of, the report says.”可知，宠物主人更喜欢猫，容易照顾。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据最后一段“ It was really a happy time, but it was tiring to keep a dog”可知，养狗很累，但是也很开心。故选B。
23．推理判断题。根据“ ‘I am moving out soon and I will get a cat after I live by myself,’ Li said.”可推知Akira Li将来会养一只猫；根据“My friend once asked me to look after his dog for two months. It was really a happy time, but it was tiring to keep a dog,”可推知养宠物可以让人感觉不那么孤独，能够感到快乐；根据图片中“For their parents.”以及“For their children.”可知老人和孩子也需要宠物。并没提及大多数人养宠物是因为他们喜欢它们，故选A。
24．A 25．C 26．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了女性的购物时间和习惯，以及购物对女性的影响，同时也告诉我们购物是一门大生意。
24．细节理解题。根据“women spend about 400 hours shopping each year. About a quarter of that time is spent doing some shopping for food.”可知，女性每年用400小时来购物，其中四分之一的时间用来买食物，因此买食物的时间是100小时。故选A。
25．细节理解题。根据“but one thing that is really true is that shopping is big business.”可知，作者认为购物是一门大生意。故选C。
26．细节理解题。根据“The shopping mall also encourages people to spend as much as possible; You may have noticed that places to sit are difficult to find in malls. This is because people can’t spend money when they are sitting!”可知，为了促进人们购物，商场会尽量少安排一些能够让人们坐下来的地方，目的是确保人们能够边走边买。故选D。
27．C 28．D 29．B 30．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了我们在青少年时期会经历很多的变化，我们应该确保正确地对待青少年时期。
27． 词义猜测题。根据第三段“A true friend will stand by you no matter what happens.”和“There are some people ...and there will be some people...”可猜测其指真正的朋友，其中一些人会和你一起度过一生，一些人会和你分道扬镳，故选C。
28．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The choices that you make from now on will be your choices. So making the right choices will be important for you.”可推知作者认为青少年时期是年轻人做出正确选择的重要时期，故选D。
29．最佳标题题。根据“You are sure to deal with them. You are a young adult now!”和全文可知本文主要介绍了进入青少年时期，我们已成为一名年轻的成年人，我们要确保正确处理，故选B。
30．推理判断题。根据第一段“As you grow rapidly through your teenage years” 可推知本文主要是给青少年们提供一些关于成长和生活的建议，故选A。
31．D 32．A 33．G 34．B 35．E
【导语】本文介绍了中国的四大发明。
31．根据“And the four things, which are paper, the gunpowder, the compass and printing,”可知，说的是四大发明。D选项“传统上被称为中国的四大发明。”符合语境。故选D。
32．根据后句“The great thing about Cai Lun’s invention was that his paper was good to write on, cheap, light and easy to carry.”可知，说的是纸的发明，A选项“纸的发明者是蔡伦。”符合语境。故选A。
33．根据前句“The second great invention, printing, goes closely with paper. Building on other printing technology, Bi Sheng invented movable type printing around 1040.”可知，此处说的是“印刷术”，G选项“在发明之前，人们用手写的方式记下东西。”符合语境。故选G。
34．根据前句“Before its invention, people couldn’t do something like building mountain tunnels（隧道）.”可知，此处指的是“火药”。B选项“现在人们用它把石头打碎。”符合语境。故选B。
35．根据前句“The compass was invented in the Spring and Autumn Period. The circular center means Heaven, and the square plate means Earth.”可知，此处说的是“指南针”。E选项“勺子的指针指向南方。”符合语境。故选E。
36．development
【详解】由中英文对比可知，缺少“发展”，英文表达为development，不可数名词。故填development。
37．deal with
【详解】deal with“处理”，通常与how一起搭配，how+动词不定式作动词know的宾语，故填deal with。
38．more carefully
【详解】此处在句中修饰动词，用副词carefully“更认真地”，根据“than”可知，使用副词比较级，故填more carefully。
39．on the playground
【详解】由中英文对比可知，缺少“在操场上”，英文表达为on the playground，在句中作状语。故填on the playground。
40．protect ourselves
【详解】分析句子可知，空处需要翻译的是“保护自己”，保护：protect，主语是“we”，因此此处用反身代词“ourselves”。故填protect ourselves。
41．clean the room
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，clean the room表示“打扫房间”；You’d better表示“你做好……”，后面接动词原形。故填clean the room。
42．Passengers
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，passenger表示“乘客”，且be动词是are，是复数，因此主语passenger也应该是复数，且句首开头字母要大写。故填 Passengers。
43．in the kitchen
【详解】根据中英文对照，in the kitchen表示“在厨房里”，做地点状语。故填in the kitchen。
44．am busy with
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，be busy with sth.表示“忙于某事”，根据“I have no time”可知，时态是一般现在时，且主语是I，因此be动词应该是am。故填am busy with。
45．instead of
【详解】分析句子可知，空格处需要翻译的是“而不是”，而不是：instead of，固定词组。故填instead of。
46．getting 47．successfully 48．reached 49．complete 50．chosen 51．trainings 52．woman 53．further 54．them 55．daughter’s
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国首位女性宇航员刘洋的事迹。
46．句意： 成为两个孩子的母亲、获得博士学位和进入太空哪个最困难？根据“into space”可知是进入太空，get into意为“到……里面去”，此处为or连接的三个并列短语，故此处用动名词。故填getting。
47．句意：刘洋把这三件事都做成功了。根据“got them all done.”可知，此处指“做成功了”，此处用副词successfully“成功地”修饰动词“got”。故填successfully。
48．句意：太空6月5日，刘的事业达到了新的高度。根据“a new height in her career.”可知是到达新高度，句子时态为一般过去时，reach意为“到达”，用过去式“reached”。故填reached。
49．句意：现在，她正致力于完成中国空间站的建设。根据“Now, she ‘s working to…the construction of China’s space station.”可知，此处指“完成中国空间站的建设”，与to构成不定式，完成：complete，动词。故填complete。
50．句意：然而，在空军有1680小时安全飞行记录后，她于2010年选择成为一名宇航员。根据“…to be an astronaut in 2010 after having a record of 1680 hours of safe flights in the Air Force.”可知，此处指“被选为一名宇航员”，be chosen to be sth.意为“被选为”。故填chosen。
51．句意：在接下来的两年里，她参加了各种各样的课程并接受了体能训练。根据“all kinds of courses and receiving physical…”可知是接受体能训练，空处填名词，physical trainings意为“体能训练”。故填trainings。
52．句意：2012年，刘作为第一位中国女宇航员创造了历史。观察空后名词“astronaut”可知，空处起修饰作用，woman astronaut意为“女性宇航员”，用单数名词修饰名词。故填woman。
53．句意：之后她上大学深造，同时抚养两个孩子。根据“After that, she went to university for…education and raised two children at the same time.”可知，此处指“继续学习”，形容词修饰名词“education”，further education意为“继续学习”。故填further。
54．句意：我知道她想和她的同学分享它们。根据“share...with her classmates”可知是和同学分享它们，用于动词后作宾语需要用宾格them“它们”。故填them。
55．句意：我记得我女儿的话，所以我会履行我的承诺。根据“I remember my…words so I will do what I have promised”可知，此处指“是她女儿跟她说了话”，用daughter的名词所有格修饰名词words。故填daughter’s。
56．with a communication network 57．makes life much more convenient 58．the convenience 59．it is a little expensive 60．will change the way we live and work
【导语】本文主要介绍了智能家居的基本功能和新型理念。
56．根据第三段“A smart home is a home with a communication network.”可知，智能家居是一个拥有通信网络的家。故填with a communication network。
57．根据第四段“More and more people may start to consider owning a smart home because it makes life much more convenient.”可知，因为它使生活更加方便。故填makes life much more convenient。
58．根据第四段“More and more people may start to consider owning a smart home because it makes life much more convenient.”可知，因为它使生活更加方便，故本段主要谈论了智能家居的便利性，用形容词convenience。故填the convenience。
59．根据第五段“However, for home-users, the smart home technology is far from perfect. It can be a little expensive to own a smart home because the technology and the devices cost a lot.”可知，智能家居技术远非完美，因为技术和设备成本很高。故填it is a little expensive。
60．根据第六段“Whatever it is, one thing is for sure——smart home technology will change the way we live and work.”可知，智能家居技术将改变我们的生活和工作方式。故填will change the way we live and work。
61．Nice to meet you, too 62．May I ask you some questions 63．How many tourists come to Xi’an every year 64．What’s the weather like in Xi’an/How’s the weather in Xi’an 65．What food do people in Xi’an like
【导语】本文是一位来自上海的游客和一名西安当地的导游在西安火车站的对话，提及西安的客流量、天气和食物等。
61．根据上文“Nice to meet you.”可知，B说见到你很高兴，因此A应该说“见到你我也很高兴 ”。故填Nice to meet you, too。
62．根据下文“Of course. Feel free to ask me questions.”可知，A说可以随便问他问题，因此B应询问是否可以问他一些问题。故填May I ask you some questions。
63．根据下文“About 1,2873 million. And the number is still increasing.”可知，此处在询问每年西安有多少游客，用how many提问。故填How many tourists come to Xi’an every year。
64．根据下文“You know Xi’an is one of the driest cities in China, so it is almost sunny and cloudy all year round.”可知，此处在询问西安的天气。故填What’s the weather like in Xi’an/How’s the weather in Xi’an。
65．根据下文“The food we like is kind of different from yours. ”可知，此处在询问西安人喜欢吃什么食物。故填What food do people in Xi’an like。
66．例文：
Dragon Boat Festival
My favorite Chinese festival is the Dragon Boat Festival.
It falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month every year. It’s a day to remember Qu Yuan, a great poet. On this day, people usually eat zongzi and hold dragon boat races. They also drink realgar wine, hang Chinese mugwort around the doors and carry a spice bag around with them.
What makes the festival special for me is the dragon boat race. The members of the dragon boat team have such great team spirit that everybody tries their best to win the race.
So I like Dragon Boat Festival very much.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，注意不要遗漏要点，可适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，引出自己“最喜欢的节日”的话题；
第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从“喜欢的节日、怎样庆祝以及喜欢的原因”等方面阐述；
第三步，书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①special特殊的
②try one’s best to do sth.尽某人最大努力做某事
[高分句型]
①What makes the festival special for me is the dragon boat race.（what引导的主语从句）
②The members of the dragon boat team have such great team spirit that everybody tries their best to win the race.（such...that引导的结果状语从句）
2023年陕西省西安市铁一中学中考六模英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、完形填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。
Do you know koalas? It is an animal 1 in the forests of eastern Australia. The koala spends most of its life in the trees, eating at night and 2 sleeping for 18 hours a day. Koalas spend most of the night feeding on eucalyptus （桉树） leaves. A koala needs 100 trees. In the wild, koalas can live up to 20 years. They can only grow up to 9 kg and between 60 to 85 cm. When 3 first Englishman reached Australia, there were over ten million koalas. However, there are only 58 thousand today. Do you know 4 ? The wild fires, the change of the weather and many other things. The koala may look like a bear, but it is a marsupial （有袋类动物）（育儿袋）. Koalas have a special smell and they use it 5 their home. “This is my place. You can’t 6 .” Mother koalas give 7 to their young once a year. Baby koalas are 8 joeys and live in their mother’s pouch for 5 to 7 months, feeding on 9 milk. After seven months, the joey leaves the pouch and stay on to its mother’s back. It lives with its mother for up to a year 10 it can get food itself.
1．A．lives B．live C．living D．lived
2．A．near B．nearly C．hardly D．hard
3．A．an B．/ C．a D．the
4．A．what are the reason B．how did this happen C．what the reasons was D．how this happened
5．A．to marking B．to mark C．mark D．marking
6．A．come from B．come over C．come off D．come in
7．A．birth B．bear C．bore D．born
8．A．call B．calling C．called D．calls
9．A．hers B．she C．her D．herself
10．A．yet B．while C．since D．until
阅读下面一篇短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。
Yesterday was Sunday and my sister was leaving for Shanghai on business. I 11 to go to the airport to see her off. 12 , I overslept because the alarm clock didn’t go off. When I woke up, she had got on the 13 . After getting up, I decided to go to the market to buy some vegetables. A young lady sat beside me on the bus. She kept her head down for a long time. I could see that she was very 14 . I wondered what she was thinking about, so I started to talk with her. When she lifted her head, I saw 15 on her face. We talked till she 16 the bus. She thanked me and asked me for my address. Several 17 later, I received a letter from her. In the letter, she said that day she wanted to 18 her life because some bad things happened. She thought if God really cared about her, he would send 19 to help her. In her eyes, I was the person sent by God. She thanked me again for talking with her and 20 her. I never imagined that a short talk would make such a big difference to a person’s life.
11．A．managed B．planned C．refused D．sent
12．A．Suddenly B．Completely C．Unluckily D．Totally
13．A．air B．wind C．boat D．plane
14．A．upset B．excited C．relaxed D．glad
15．A．hope B．tears C．dream D．smiles
16．A．got on B．turned on C．got off D．jumped down
17．A．seconds B．minutes C．days D．moments
18．A．give off B．give out C．give in D．give up
19．A．someone B．no one C．everybody D．nobody
20．A．introducing B．encouraging C．explaining D．shouting
二、阅读单选
阅读下面A，B，C三篇短文，从所给的四个选项中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的一个最佳答案。
According to a recent report, cats have become the most loved pets in China. The report shows that the number of pet cats cared for by Chinese families reached 58. 06 million in 2021 while the number of dogs was 54. 29 million. Pet owners prefer cats because they are quiet and easy to take care of, the report says.
Akira Li works in Shanghai as a doctor. She has been a dog owner for 15 years. She loves both dogs and cats, but she is now living with her parents and her mother doesn’t like cats. “I am moving out soon and I will get a cat after I live by myself,” Li said. “Jop Zhao is a dancing teacher. He likes large dogs, but he hasn’t yet made up his mind to raise one. “My friend once asked me to look after his dog for two months. It was really a happy time, but it was tiring to keep a dog,” Zhao said. People raise pets for different reasons. Here are the reasons.
21．According to the passage, why do people prefer cats to dogs?
A．Because people spend less money on cats than on dogs.
B．Because it is easy to take care of cats.
C．Because dogs often make the room a mess.
D．Because cats hardly ever get sick.
22．What does Jop Zhao think of keeping a dog?
A．It drives him crazy.
B．It’s happy but tiring.
C．It is so expensive that he can’t afford it.
D．It’s a waste of time.
23．Which of following is NOT TRUE?
A．Most people have pets because they love them.
B．Akira Li will have a cat in the future.
C．Having a pet can make people feel less lonely.
D．Old people and kids also need pets.
GE Money has recently done a study. It shows that women spend over 8 years of their life shopping. According to the study, women spend about 400 hours shopping each year. About a quarter of that time is spent doing some shopping for food.
Million Looks magazine says that shopping can be a good thing, and they give some interesting facts about women and shopping. The magazine says that women who shop for more than 17 hours a week are thinner and healthier than those who spend less time shopping. The magazine also says that women who shop more often look and feel much younger than those who dislike shopping. Finally, it points out that most women who enjoy shopping are more confident and happier.
We can’t be sure if these things are true, but one thing that is really true is that shopping is big business. There are now about 50,000 shopping malls in our country alone, and each person spends 80 yuan each time they visit a mall.
The shopping mall also encourages people to spend as much as possible, and stay in the mall as long as possible. You may have noticed that places to sit are difficult to find in malls. This is because people can’t spend money when they are sitting!
24．How long does a woman spend shopping for food a year?
A．100 hours B．200 hours C．300 hours D．400 hours
25．What does the writer think of shopping according to paragraph 3?
A．Shopping makes women look younger.
B．Shopping makes women more confident.
C．Shopping is really big business.
D．Shopping is truly interesting.
26．It is difficult to find a chair to sit on because ________.
A．there is not enough space
B．there are too many people
C．malls want to save money
D．malls want people to walk and buy
As you grow rapidly through your teenage years, you will experience a lot of changes. The changes may seem difficult and they may seem to happen quickly. Don’t be nervous! You are sure to deal with them. You are a young adult now!
With more responsibility, you will find more freedom to make your own choices. This is a time to be well informed about your choices so that you can make healthy and balanced decisions that will help shape your future. You may already know your career path or you may have no idea what you want to do. Both situations are fine. Work hard and the right opportunity will present itself to you. Young adulthood means greater freedom and more choices. You will probably want to be independent. But try not to shut your family out of your life. You should learn to think of others even though you are old enough to look after yourself. Your family have been with you since you came into this world.
It is also perfectly natural in this time for you to spend more time with your friends than your family. Choose your friends wisely. A true friend will stand by you no matter what happens. This period is part of the life cycle. There are some people who will be with you throughout life’s journey and there will be some people with whom you part and go separate ways. Leaving school can be hard. The reality is that you may not see all of your classmates again.
You are a young adult. It is your life. No one can live it for you. The choices that you make from now on will be your choices. So making the right choices will be important for you. Life is for living. Enjoy your life wisely!
27．Who do the underlined words “some people” (Paragraph 3) probably refer to?
A．Your parents.
B．Your classmates.
C．True friends.
D．Your relatives.
28．According to the author, teenage years are ________.
A．a period of complete freedom
B．too hard for young people to get through
C．a very important period for young students to leave their parents
D．an important time for the young to make the right choices
29．The best title for this passage would be ________.
A．The Chances in Life
B．Becoming a Young Adult
C．Say Goodbye to the Past
D．The Key to Success
30．Who is the passage mainly written for?
A．Teenagers. B．Teachers. C．Young parents . D．Adults.
三、阅读还原7选5
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Over thousands of years, China has produced a large number of inventions. And the four things, which are paper, the gunpowder, the compass and printing, 31
The invention of paper came in China around 105 AD． 32 The great thing about Cai Lun’s invention was that his paper was good to write on, cheap, light and easy to carry.
The second great invention, printing, goes closely with paper. Building on other printing technology, Bi Sheng invented movable type printing around 1040. 33 Today almost everyone in the world uses printing. People can use it to print newspaper, magazines and books.
The third great Chinese invention is gunpowder. Gunpowder was invented in the Tang Dynasty. Before its invention, people couldn’t do something like building mountain tunnels（隧道）. 34
The compass was invented in the Spring and Autumn Period. The circular center means Heaven, and the square plate means Earth. 35 The spread of the compass to Europe opened the oceans of the world to travel and led to the discovery of the New World.
A．The inventor of paper is Cai Lun.
B．Nowadays people use it to break rocks into pieces.
C．at that time few people thought it necessary to record daily things.
D．are traditionally called the Four Great Inventions in China.
E．The hand of the spoon points south.
F． And now it is still impossible to build tunnels.
G． Before its invention, people copied down things by handwriting.
四、完成句子
36．和平和发展是当今世界的两个主题。
Peace and are the two main themes of the world.
37．我试过很多方法，但还是不知道如何应对害羞。
I have tried many ways, but still don’t know how to shyness.
38．英语课上，凯特听得比其他任何学生都认真。
Kate listened than any other student in English class.
39．放学后在操场上运动是莫大的乐趣。
It is great pleasure to do sports after school.
40．安全第一。当我们一个人的时候我们必须保护自己。
Safety comes first. We must when we are alone.
41．真乱啊！你最好尽快打扫一下房间。
What a mess! You’d better as quickly as possible.
42．上车之前乘客被要求进行检查。
are required to have a check before they get on the bus.
43．早上我醒来的时候，妈妈正在厨房做早饭。
When I woke up in the morning, my mom was making breakfast .
44．因为我忙于学习所以最近我没有时间和朋友出去逛。
I have no time to hang out with friends recently because I my study.
45．你应该尽最大的努力解决问题而不是逃避问题。
You should try your best to solve the problems running away from them.
五、短文选词填空
短文填空：用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词）
choose, they, reach, success, fly, daughter, woman, train, complete, far
Which is the most difficult, becoming a mother of two, getting a doctor’s degree or 46 into space? Liu Yang has 47 got them all done. As the Shenzhou-14 spaceship was sent up on June 5, Liu 48 a new height in her career. Now, she’s working to 49 the construction of China’s space station. Liu didn’t expect to be an astronaut when she was a child. Born in 1978, she was a pupil Chinese chess champion in her hometown, Zhengzhou. She once dreamed of being a lawyer or an office lady. However, she was 50 to be an astronaut in 2010 after having a record of 1680 hours of safe flights in the Air Force. She spent the next two years taking all kinds of courses and receiving physical 51 . In 2012, Liu made history as the first Chinese 52 astronaut in space. After that, she went to university for 53 education and raised two children at the same time. “My daughter asked me to take more photos of space. I know she wants to share 54 with her classmates.” Liu said in an interview before leaving. “I remember my 55 words so I will do what I have promised.”
六、阅读回答问题
任务型阅读：阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。
When you’re not at home, many worries may start to appear in your mind. Did I turn the coffee maker off? Did I lock the door? Are the kids doing their homework or watching television?
With a smart home, you won’t have these worries any more.
A smart home is a home with a communication network. This network connects devices（装置）, such as lights and TV sets, and allows them to be controlled from far away through electrical wiring.
More and more people may start to consider owning a smart home because it makes life much more convenient. It can help keep your room at a certain temperature. It can record what happens inside the home and send the video to your phone. When you are on vacation abroad, you can use a smart home controller to turn on or off the electricity when necessary. Some smart homes can receive a visitor, allowing him to come in and offering him a drink. They can even feed the pets and water the plants. Besides, using only the guiding information. When there is a problem, you can deal with it yourself without paying a professional worker.
However, for home-users, the smart home technology is far from perfect. It can be a little expensive to own a smart home because the technology and the devices cost a lot. Also the system（系统） allows its owner to get home information from anywhere, so it leaves the home easy to be broken into by hackers （黑客）
Now, many scientists are excited at the future of smart home technology. Imagine being able to get fashion advice from your mirror, or receive food shopping suggestions from your fridge. While there are others who worry that those smart devices will make people lazier and lonelier. Whatever it is, one thing is for sure——smart home technology will change the way we live and work.
56．What is a smart home?
It is a home .
57．Why do more and more people consider having a smart home?
Because it .
58．What does the 4th paragraph mainly talk about?
It mainly talks about of a smart home.
59．After reading the passage, Sam doesn’t want a smart home any more. Tell us the reason. （One is enough）
Maybe he thinks .
60．What is the writer’s opinion about the smart home technology?
The writer thinks it .
七、填写适当的句子补全对话
补全对话：根据下面情境，在每个空白处填入一个恰当的语句，使对话恢复完整。
(A tourist from Shanghai and a tour guide in Xi’an met at Xi’an Railway Station.)
A: Excuse me, are you Li Ming from Shanghai?
B: Oh, yes. You must be my guide, Zhang Chen. Nice to meet you.
A: 61 . Welcome to Xi’an.
B: Thank you. This is the first time that I have been here. 62 ?
A: Of course. Feel free to ask me questions.
B: 63 ?
A: About 1,2873 million. And the number is still increasing.
B: I see. 64 ?
A: You know Xi’an is one of the driest cities in China, so it is almost sunny and cloudy all year round.
B: People in Shanghai are fond of sweet food, such as sweet dumplings, zongzi and all kinds of cakes. 65 ?
A: The food we like is kind of different from yours. But don’t worry. I am sure you will have fun experiencing our local food.
八、材料作文
66．为弘扬中华传统文化，增强文化自觉，学校将举行一次英语演讲比赛。请以“ ___________Festival”为题，写一篇演讲稿，介绍一个你最喜欢的中国传统节日。
提示问题：What is your favorite traditional festival? Can you say some basic facts about it?
How do people celebrate it? Why do you like it?
要求：
1. 参考提示内容，可适当发挥；
2. 语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整；
3. 文章不得出现你的任何真实信息（姓名、校名、地名等）；
4. 词数：不少于70词。
___________ Festival
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．C 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．C 10．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了一种生活在澳大利亚东部森林里的动物——考拉。
1．句意： 它是一种生活在澳大利亚东部森林里的动物。
lives居住，第三人称单数；live居住，动词原形；living居住，现在分词；lived居住，过去式。空格部分作定语，与“animal”之间构成主动关系。因此选living。故选C。
2．句意：考拉一生中大部分时间都在树上度过，一天差不多要睡18个小时。
near附近的；nearly差不多；hardly几乎不；hard困难的。根据“sleeping for 18 hours a day.”可知，此处指“差不多要睡18个小时”，因此用“nearly”。故选B。
3．句意：当第一个英国人到达澳大利亚时。
an一个，表泛指，用于元音音素开头的词之前；/零冠词；a一个，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的词之前；the表特指。根据“When…first Englishman reached Australia,”可知，此处表示特指，因此用定冠词“the”。故选D。
4．句意：你知道原因是什么吗？
what are the reason原因是什么；how did this happen怎么会这样；what the reasons was原因是什么；how this happened这是怎么发生的。根据“The wild fires, the change of the weather and many other things.”可知，此处询问原因，使用陈述语序。故选C。
5．句意：考拉有一种特殊的气味，他们用它来标记他们的家。
to marking标记，介词to后跟动名词；to mark标记，不定式；mark标记，动词原形；marking标记，动名词。use sth. to do sth.意为“用……来做……”，因此此处用“to mark”。故选B。
6．句意：你不能进来。
come from来自；come over过来；come off成功，脱落；come in进来。根据“This is my place.”可知，此处指“你不能进来”。故选D。
7．句意：考拉妈妈每年生一次孩子。
birth出生，名词；bear生育，动词原形；bore出生，过去式；born出生，过去分词。根据“Mother koalas give…to their young once a year.”可知，空处作宾语，因此用名词作宾语。give birth to“生育”。故选A。
8．句意：考拉宝宝被称为“幼崽”，在妈妈的育儿袋里生活5到7个月，靠妈妈的乳汁为生。
call称呼，动词原形；calling称呼，现在分词；called称呼，过去式/过去分词；calls称呼，第三人称单数。动词和joeys之间构成被动关系，前面有be动词are，空处需用过去分词。故选C。
9．句意：考拉宝宝被称为“幼崽”，在妈妈的育儿袋里生活5到7个月，靠妈妈的乳汁为生。
hers她，名词性物主代词；she她，主格；her她的，形容词性物主代词；herself她自己，反身代词。根据“feeding on…milk.”可知，此处用形容词性物主代词，修饰其后名词。故选C。
10．句意：它和母亲一起生活长达一年，直到它能自己觅食。
yet然而；while当……时候；since自从；until直到。根据“It lives with its mother for up to a year…it can get food itself.”可知，考拉宝宝会和母亲生活，直到自己可以觅食，因此选until。故选D。
11．B 12．C 13．D 14．A 15．B 16．C 17．C 18．D 19．A 20．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在周日打算去给姐姐送行，但是闹钟没有响起，之后决定去买菜，在公共汽车上遇到了一个很沮丧的女士，作者帮助了那位女士，那位女士写信来感激她。
11．句意：我打算去机场给她送行。
managed管理；planned计划；refused拒绝；sent发送。根据“my sister was leaving for Shanghai on business”可知，姐姐要去上海出差，因此是计划给她送行。故选B。
12．句意：不幸的是，我睡过头了，因为闹钟没有响。
Suddenly突然地；Completely完全地；Unluckily不幸地；Totally完全地。根据“I overslept because the alarm clock didn’t go off.”可知，是作者睡过头了，因此“不幸地”符合语境。故选C。
13．句意：当我醒来时，她已经上了飞机。
air空气；wind风；boat船；plane飞机。根据前文“go to the airport to see her off”可知，是姐姐已经登上了飞机。故选D。
14．句意：我能看得出她很沮丧。
upset难过；excited兴奋的；relaxed放松的；glad高兴的。根据“She kept her head down for a long time”可知，这位女士低头了很久，因此是心情难过的。故选A。
15．句意：当她抬起头时，我看到她脸上满是泪水。
hope希望；tears眼泪；dream梦想；smiles微笑。根据“A young lady sat beside me on the bus. She kept her head down for a long time. I could see that she was very...”可知，那位女士低头了很久，心情应是不太好，可推测她抬起头后脸上满是泪水。故选B。
16．句意：我们一直聊到她下车。
got on上车；turned on打开；got off下车；jumped down跳下。根据“We talked till she...the bus. She thanked me and asked me for my address.”可知，她感谢我，并要了我的地址，这时她要下车了。故选C。
17．句意：几天后，我收到了她的信。
seconds秒；minutes分钟；days天；moments瞬间。根据“ Several...later, I received a letter from her”可知，应是在几天后收到了那位女士的信。故选C。
18．句意：在信中她说，因为发生了一些不好的事情，所以那天她想要放弃自己的生命。
give off散发；give out分发；give in投降；give up放弃。根据“because some bad things happened”可知，因为不好的事情发生，导致她想放弃生命。故选D。
19．句意：她想，如果上帝真的关心她，他就会派某个人来帮助她。
someone某人；no one没有人；everybody每个人；nobody没有人。根据“if God really cared about her, he would send...to help her.”可知，若上帝关心她，则会派人来帮她，因此someone符合语境。故选A。
20．句意：她再次感谢我与她交谈并鼓励她。
introducing介绍；encouraging鼓励；explaining解释；shouting喊叫。根据“I never imagined that a short talk would make such a big difference to a person’s life.”可知，作者与这位女士之间简短的对话改变了她，因此是鼓励了这位女士。故选B。
21．B 22．B 23．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国家庭养宠物的情况。
21．细节理解题。根据第一段“Pet owners prefer cats because they are quiet and easy to take care of, the report says.”可知，宠物主人更喜欢猫，容易照顾。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据最后一段“ It was really a happy time, but it was tiring to keep a dog”可知，养狗很累，但是也很开心。故选B。
23．推理判断题。根据“ ‘I am moving out soon and I will get a cat after I live by myself,’ Li said.”可推知Akira Li将来会养一只猫；根据“My friend once asked me to look after his dog for two months. It was really a happy time, but it was tiring to keep a dog,”可推知养宠物可以让人感觉不那么孤独，能够感到快乐；根据图片中“For their parents.”以及“For their children.”可知老人和孩子也需要宠物。并没提及大多数人养宠物是因为他们喜欢它们，故选A。
24．A 25．C 26．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了女性的购物时间和习惯，以及购物对女性的影响，同时也告诉我们购物是一门大生意。
24．细节理解题。根据“women spend about 400 hours shopping each year. About a quarter of that time is spent doing some shopping for food.”可知，女性每年用400小时来购物，其中四分之一的时间用来买食物，因此买食物的时间是100小时。故选A。
25．细节理解题。根据“but one thing that is really true is that shopping is big business.”可知，作者认为购物是一门大生意。故选C。
26．细节理解题。根据“The shopping mall also encourages people to spend as much as possible; You may have noticed that places to sit are difficult to find in malls. This is because people can’t spend money when they are sitting!”可知，为了促进人们购物，商场会尽量少安排一些能够让人们坐下来的地方，目的是确保人们能够边走边买。故选D。
27．C 28．D 29．B 30．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了我们在青少年时期会经历很多的变化，我们应该确保正确地对待青少年时期。
27． 词义猜测题。根据第三段“A true friend will stand by you no matter what happens.”和“There are some people ...and there will be some people...”可猜测其指真正的朋友，其中一些人会和你一起度过一生，一些人会和你分道扬镳，故选C。
28．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The choices that you make from now on will be your choices. So making the right choices will be important for you.”可推知作者认为青少年时期是年轻人做出正确选择的重要时期，故选D。
29．最佳标题题。根据“You are sure to deal with them. You are a young adult now!”和全文可知本文主要介绍了进入青少年时期，我们已成为一名年轻的成年人，我们要确保正确处理，故选B。
30．推理判断题。根据第一段“As you grow rapidly through your teenage years” 可推知本文主要是给青少年们提供一些关于成长和生活的建议，故选A。
31．D 32．A 33．G 34．B 35．E
【导语】本文介绍了中国的四大发明。
31．根据“And the four things, which are paper, the gunpowder, the compass and printing,”可知，说的是四大发明。D选项“传统上被称为中国的四大发明。”符合语境。故选D。
32．根据后句“The great thing about Cai Lun’s invention was that his paper was good to write on, cheap, light and easy to carry.”可知，说的是纸的发明，A选项“纸的发明者是蔡伦。”符合语境。故选A。
33．根据前句“The second great invention, printing, goes closely with paper. Building on other printing technology, Bi Sheng invented movable type printing around 1040.”可知，此处说的是“印刷术”，G选项“在发明之前，人们用手写的方式记下东西。”符合语境。故选G。
34．根据前句“Before its invention, people couldn’t do something like building mountain tunnels（隧道）.”可知，此处指的是“火药”。B选项“现在人们用它把石头打碎。”符合语境。故选B。
35．根据前句“The compass was invented in the Spring and Autumn Period. The circular center means Heaven, and the square plate means Earth.”可知，此处说的是“指南针”。E选项“勺子的指针指向南方。”符合语境。故选E。
36．development
【详解】由中英文对比可知，缺少“发展”，英文表达为development，不可数名词。故填development。
37．deal with
【详解】deal with“处理”，通常与how一起搭配，how+动词不定式作动词know的宾语，故填deal with。
38．more carefully
【详解】此处在句中修饰动词，用副词carefully“更认真地”，根据“than”可知，使用副词比较级，故填more carefully。
39．on the playground
【详解】由中英文对比可知，缺少“在操场上”，英文表达为on the playground，在句中作状语。故填on the playground。
40．protect ourselves
【详解】分析句子可知，空处需要翻译的是“保护自己”，保护：protect，主语是“we”，因此此处用反身代词“ourselves”。故填protect ourselves。
41．clean the room
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，clean the room表示“打扫房间”；You’d better表示“你做好……”，后面接动词原形。故填clean the room。
42．Passengers
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，passenger表示“乘客”，且be动词是are，是复数，因此主语passenger也应该是复数，且句首开头字母要大写。故填 Passengers。
43．in the kitchen
【详解】根据中英文对照，in the kitchen表示“在厨房里”，做地点状语。故填in the kitchen。
44．am busy with
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，be busy with sth.表示“忙于某事”，根据“I have no time”可知，时态是一般现在时，且主语是I，因此be动词应该是am。故填am busy with。
45．instead of
【详解】分析句子可知，空格处需要翻译的是“而不是”，而不是：instead of，固定词组。故填instead of。
46．getting 47．successfully 48．reached 49．complete 50．chosen 51．trainings 52．woman 53．further 54．them 55．daughter’s
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国首位女性宇航员刘洋的事迹。
46．句意： 成为两个孩子的母亲、获得博士学位和进入太空哪个最困难？根据“into space”可知是进入太空，get into意为“到……里面去”，此处为or连接的三个并列短语，故此处用动名词。故填getting。
47．句意：刘洋把这三件事都做成功了。根据“got them all done.”可知，此处指“做成功了”，此处用副词successfully“成功地”修饰动词“got”。故填successfully。
48．句意：太空6月5日，刘的事业达到了新的高度。根据“a new height in her career.”可知是到达新高度，句子时态为一般过去时，reach意为“到达”，用过去式“reached”。故填reached。
49．句意：现在，她正致力于完成中国空间站的建设。根据“Now, she ‘s working to…the construction of China’s space station.”可知，此处指“完成中国空间站的建设”，与to构成不定式，完成：complete，动词。故填complete。
50．句意：然而，在空军有1680小时安全飞行记录后，她于2010年选择成为一名宇航员。根据“…to be an astronaut in 2010 after having a record of 1680 hours of safe flights in the Air Force.”可知，此处指“被选为一名宇航员”，be chosen to be sth.意为“被选为”。故填chosen。
51．句意：在接下来的两年里，她参加了各种各样的课程并接受了体能训练。根据“all kinds of courses and receiving physical…”可知是接受体能训练，空处填名词，physical trainings意为“体能训练”。故填trainings。
52．句意：2012年，刘作为第一位中国女宇航员创造了历史。观察空后名词“astronaut”可知，空处起修饰作用，woman astronaut意为“女性宇航员”，用单数名词修饰名词。故填woman。
53．句意：之后她上大学深造，同时抚养两个孩子。根据“After that, she went to university for…education and raised two children at the same time.”可知，此处指“继续学习”，形容词修饰名词“education”，further education意为“继续学习”。故填further。
54．句意：我知道她想和她的同学分享它们。根据“share...with her classmates”可知是和同学分享它们，用于动词后作宾语需要用宾格them“它们”。故填them。
55．句意：我记得我女儿的话，所以我会履行我的承诺。根据“I remember my…words so I will do what I have promised”可知，此处指“是她女儿跟她说了话”，用daughter的名词所有格修饰名词words。故填daughter’s。
56．with a communication network 57．makes life much more convenient 58．the convenience 59．it is a little expensive 60．will change the way we live and work
【导语】本文主要介绍了智能家居的基本功能和新型理念。
56．根据第三段“A smart home is a home with a communication network.”可知，智能家居是一个拥有通信网络的家。故填with a communication network。
57．根据第四段“More and more people may start to consider owning a smart home because it makes life much more convenient.”可知，因为它使生活更加方便。故填makes life much more convenient。
58．根据第四段“More and more people may start to consider owning a smart home because it makes life much more convenient.”可知，因为它使生活更加方便，故本段主要谈论了智能家居的便利性，用形容词convenience。故填the convenience。
59．根据第五段“However, for home-users, the smart home technology is far from perfect. It can be a little expensive to own a smart home because the technology and the devices cost a lot.”可知，智能家居技术远非完美，因为技术和设备成本很高。故填it is a little expensive。
60．根据第六段“Whatever it is, one thing is for sure——smart home technology will change the way we live and work.”可知，智能家居技术将改变我们的生活和工作方式。故填will change the way we live and work。
61．Nice to meet you, too 62．May I ask you some questions 63．How many tourists come to Xi’an every year 64．What’s the weather like in Xi’an/How’s the weather in Xi’an 65．What food do people in Xi’an like
【导语】本文是一位来自上海的游客和一名西安当地的导游在西安火车站的对话，提及西安的客流量、天气和食物等。
61．根据上文“Nice to meet you.”可知，B说见到你很高兴，因此A应该说“见到你我也很高兴 ”。故填Nice to meet you, too。
62．根据下文“Of course. Feel free to ask me questions.”可知，A说可以随便问他问题，因此B应询问是否可以问他一些问题。故填May I ask you some questions。
63．根据下文“About 1,2873 million. And the number is still increasing.”可知，此处在询问每年西安有多少游客，用how many提问。故填How many tourists come to Xi’an every year。
64．根据下文“You know Xi’an is one of the driest cities in China, so it is almost sunny and cloudy all year round.”可知，此处在询问西安的天气。故填What’s the weather like in Xi’an/How’s the weather in Xi’an。
65．根据下文“The food we like is kind of different from yours. ”可知，此处在询问西安人喜欢吃什么食物。故填What food do people in Xi’an like。
66．例文：
Dragon Boat Festival
My favorite Chinese festival is the Dragon Boat Festival.
It falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month every year. It’s a day to remember Qu Yuan, a great poet. On this day, people usually eat zongzi and hold dragon boat races. They also drink realgar wine, hang Chinese mugwort around the doors and carry a spice bag around with them.
What makes the festival special for me is the dragon boat race. The members of the dragon boat team have such great team spirit that everybody tries their best to win the race.
So I like Dragon Boat Festival very much.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，注意不要遗漏要点，可适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，引出自己“最喜欢的节日”的话题；
第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从“喜欢的节日、怎样庆祝以及喜欢的原因”等方面阐述；
第三步，书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①special特殊的
②try one’s best to do sth.尽某人最大努力做某事
[高分句型]
①What makes the festival special for me is the dragon boat race.（what引导的主语从句）
②The members of the dragon boat team have such great team spirit that everybody tries their best to win the race.（such...that引导的结果状语从句）
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