广东省广州市2023-2024学年高三上学期8月阶段训练英语试卷及答案

试卷类型：B

2024届广州市高三年级阶段训练

英 语

本试卷共12页，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号和座位号 填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型涂在答题卡相应位置上。并在答题卡相应位置上填涂 考生号。

2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目选项的答案信息点涂 黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。

3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内 相应位置上，如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不 按以上要求作答无效。

4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第二部分 阅读（共两节, 满分50分）

第一节（共15小题：每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分）

阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Things to Do in Northern Ireland This Autumn

WEE BINNIAN WALKING FESTIVAL （SEPTEMBER）

The exact dates of this annual walking festival are still to be confirmed, but if it's similar to last year, it'll offer a choice of ten walks and hikes around the Mourne Mountains, ranging from easier lowland routes to tough, multi-summit challenges. Evening social events are also included.

GREAT NORTH LINKS CHALLENGE （18-20 OCTOBER）

Calling all golfers. You can enter this three-day event-spread along the north coast between Ballyliffin, Portruth and Portstewart, as an individual or team of four. A perfect opportunity to play three Irish Open links courses in three days.

ARMAGH FOOD AND CIDER WEEKEND （SEPTEMBER）

A four-day feast of authentic food and artisan ciders（苹果酒） in Ireland's "Orchard County". This celebration is also coupled with the traditional apple harvest. You can taste local food from the country's most inventive chefs.

OULD LAMMAS FAIR （LAST WEEK OF AUGUST）

People have been flocking to the seaside town of Ballycastle since the 17th century to celebrate this fair. Attractions include a Heavy Horse Show, horse speed events on the beach, funfair, outdoor concert and a fireworks display, as well as unique local produce and handmade arts and crafts.

21. What is the best date to arrive if you want to attend GREAT NORTH LINKS CHALLENGE?

A. 17th October.  B. 18th August.   C. 20th October.    D. 1st September.

22. What can people do at the town of Ballycastle?

A. Play golf.   B. Go hiking.   C. Watch horse races.  D. Taste apple ciders.

23. In which section of a website can we probably read this text?

A. Tourism.   B. Sports.    C. Education.    D. Arts.

B

Alicia Quarles has her hands full these days—both of them, at all hours of the day and night.

"Having a baby unexpectedly at 41 is one thing; having twins is a whole other beast, " says the global entertainment editor.

Actually, until her pregnancy Quarles had been living at breakneck speed. It went so until last year. "I was exhausted, " she says. "I'd been working three jobs, doing my charity and going nonstop. I was afraid my mental health was getting worse. " In early August she took herself to the hospital, to see if she was OK. Doctors ran multiple tests and told her that she had had an anxiety attack, and she was 11 weeks pregnant.

"She was stressed and decompensated （代谢失调的）, so everything just came to more than she could handle at the time, " explains doctor Miriam Barnes, who began treating her. "Fortunately, she tried to be positive and seek help from me immediately. I told her not to have any medication at that stage and advised her to take natural therapy （疗法）. ”

A week later Quarles learned that she was having twins. But instead of that news adding to her anxiety, “a total peace came over me, and it felt like it all made sense, ” she says. Quarles, who did not take any medication, returned home to her loved ones in North Carolina, where she gave birth to Hudson and Harlow on Feb. 16. "There's nothing like family, " she says. "I found out through working on myself in natural therapy that there were a lot of things I hadn't dealt with. I just kept going. "

These days Quarles uses social media to document her joyful motherhood journey. Quarles has put her anxiety behind but remains in therapy—and wants to encourage others who feel stressed to get help. "At first I felt guilty and embarrassed, ” she admits. "I don't anymore. My message is you can fall down. But you can stand up, by yourself or with the help of others. It's not a shame, and it's a blessing. "

24. Which of the following best explains "breakneck” underlined in paragraph 2?

A. Safe and slow.      B. Fast and dangerous.

C. Exciting and terrifying.    D. Gentle and comfortable.

25. Why did Quarles return to North Carolina?

A. To give birth and make some friends.

B. To have a break and treat her anxiety.

C. To take natural therapy and stay alone.

D. To look after her family and visit a doctor.

26. What does Quarles suggest people under pressure do?

A. Keep standing up.     B. Fall down if needed.

C. Face whatever comes.    D. Obtain assistance when necessary.

27. What is a suitable title for the text?

A. An Anxious 41-year-old Mother

B. A Mother's Astonishing Experience

C. An Interesting Taste of Motherhood

D. A Mother Fighting Her Mental Breakdown

C

Desperately ill and seeking a miracle, David Bennett Sr. took the last bet on Jan. 7. when be became the first human to be successfully transplanted with the heart of a pig. "It creates the beat; it creates the pressure; it is his heart, " declared Bartley Griffith, director of the surgical team that performed the operation at the University of Maryland Medical Center.

Bennett, 57, held on through 60 tomorrows, far longer than any previous patient who'd received a heart from another species. His remarkable run offered new hope that such procedures, known as xenotransplantation（异 种移植）, could help relieve the shortage of replacement organs, saving thousands of lives each year.

The earliest attempts at xenotransplantation of organs, involving kidneys from rabbits, goats, and other animals, occurred in the early 20th century, decades before the first successful human-to-human transplants. Rejection, which occurs when the recipient's body system recognizes the donor organ as a foreign object and attacks it, followed within hours or days. Results improved after some special drugs arrived in the 1960s, but most recipients still died after a few weeks. The record for a heart xenotransplant was set in 1983, when an infant named Baby Fae survived for 20 days with an organ from a baboon（狒狒）.

In recent years, however, advances in gene editing have opened a new possibility: re-edit some genes in animals to provide user-friendly spare parts. Pigs could be ideal for this purpose, because they're easy to raise and reach adult human size in months. Some biotech companies. including Revivicor, are investing heavily in the field. The donor pig was offered by Revivicor from a line of animals in which 10 genes had been re-edited to improve the heart's condition. Beyond that, the pig was raised in isolation and tested regularly for viruses that could infect humans or damage the organ itself.

This medical breakthrough provided an alternative for the 20% of patients on the heart transplant waiting list who die while waiting or become too sick to be a good candidate.

28. What does the underlined word “run” in paragraph 2 refer to?

A. Donating his heart to a patient.

B. Performing the heart operation.

C. Living for 60 days after the operation.

D. Receiving a new heart from a pig.

29. Which aspect of xenotransplantation does paragraph 3 mainly focus on?

A. Its history.  B. Its procedure.   C. Its consequence.   D. Its significance.

30. What makes pigs ideal for providing spare parts in xenotransplantation?

A. Their growth rate and health condition.

B. Their life pattern and resistance to viruses.

C. Their easiness of keeping and rapid growth.

D. Their investment value and natural qualities.

31. Why was Bennett's operation regarded as a breakthrough?

A. It introduced new medications to prevent organ rejection.

B. It proved the potential for using organs from various animals.

C. It guaranteed a sufficient supply of donor pigs for transplants.

D. It offered a prospect of replacement organs through gene editing.

D

Science is a process that builds upon existing theories and knowledge by continuously revising them. Every aspect of scientific knowledge can be questioned, including the general rules of thinking that appear to be most certain. So why is science trustworthy if it is always changing? If tomorrow we will no longer see the world as Newton or Einstein found it to be, why should we take seriously today's scientific description of the world?

The answer is simple: Because at any given moment of our history, this description of the world is the best we have. The fact that it can be made better can't diminish （降低） the fact that it is a useful instrument for understanding the world.

Consider a folk healer's herbal medicine. Can we say this treatment is "scientific"? Yes, if it is proven to be effective, even if we have no idea why it works. In fact, quite a few common medications used today have their origin in folk treatments, and we are still not sure how they work. This does not imply that folk treatments are generally effective. To the contrary, many of them are not. What distinguishes scientific medicine is the readiness to seriously test a treatment and to be ready to change our minds if something is shown not to work. A research doctor in a modern hospital must be ready to change his theory if a more effective way of understanding illness, or treating it, becomes available.

What makes modern science uniquely powerful is its refusal to believe that it already possesses ultimate truth. The reliability of science is based not on certainty but on a complete absence of certainty. As John Stuart Mill wrote in "On Liberty" in 1859, "The beliefs which we have most warrant （依据） for, have no safeguard to rest on, but a standing invitation to the whole world to prove them unfounded. "

32. Why does the author raise the two questions in paragraph 1?

A. To add some fun.      B. To express doubts.

C. To introduce the topic.    D. To provide background.

33. What can we learn about today's scientific description of the world?

A. It can be timeless.     B. It can be improved.

C. It is of little value.     D. It is the best at any moment.

34. What is the author's attitude toward folk treatment?

A. Dismissive.   B. Objective.  C. Pessimistic.   D. Sympathetic.

35. What is the main idea of paragraph 4?

A. It is unwise to believe in science.

B. Too much uncertainty lies in science.

C. The foundation of science is unfounded.

D. The lack of certainty makes science credible.

第二节（共5小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）

根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余选项。

Are your teenagers getting enough sleep? It's the key to exam success. If they sleep well, they will be more likely to perform better. Here are some practical ways you can help them.

_36_Parents should avoid falling asleep on the sofa in the evenings or using tech devices when it's late. Commit to your own bedtime routine so that your teenager can be your follower.

Work out exactly how much sleep they need. Teenagers should aim for between eight and ten hours' sleep a night, according to the World Health Organisation. _37_ Maybe it's eight, or maybe it's nine. But those who get less than seven hours most nights are not getting enough.

Establish a wind-down （放松） routine. Once they know how much sleep they're aiming for, help them to achieve this by negotiating a 30 to 60-minute wind-down routine before they go to bed, at the same time every night. _38_

Let them have a weekend lie-in. Enable your children to get up as late as they can, sparing them the morning chores. _39_ Troubling teenagers out of bed at weekends works against their sleep pattern.

_40_ They will reward you more.

A. Lead by example.

B. Let your teenagers have more sleep.

C. Half an hour of exercise can excite their body.

D. But the exact amount of sleep your teenager needs is unique.

E. Getting up late occasionally will improve their work efficiency.

F. On study-leave days an extra hour in bed will help them concentrate better.

G. A bath will bring the body temperature down a degree which is ideal for sleep.

第三部分 语言运用（共两节, 满分30分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分）

阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

The 8-year-old boy across the street stormed in and out of his own house very often. A neighbor, William Dunn, _41_what was going on in his life, So Dunn asked him.

"He told me that he didn't have a_42_, " says Dunn, now 58, "and I realized there was_43_I could do for him. " That something was_44_, a passion Dunn's father had shared with him.

Dunn has taken groups of kids out almost every _45_to fish. Most didn't have father figures in their lives and had never fished. "They'd been through a lot, and their lives were_46_,” Dunn says. "But when they were fishing, all of that_47_.  Out on the boat, they'd be smiling, and even_48_.”

Jayden, now 13, has become a devoted fisherman and_49_ Dunn with helping him mature. "I hope he knows I mean it when I say thank you, ” he says.

Just as_50_as the fishing are the_51_Dunn forms with the kids. "When Jayden was going through a_52_period recently in study—I let Dunn know that his grades were suffering and he had a little talk with Jayden, " Jayden's mother says. To her delight, Jayden's grades_53_improved in the next exam.

"There is nothing like seeing a_54_light up with a smile, " Dunn says. "I feel lucky to_55_that every weekend. "

41. A. revealed B. explained C. doubted D. wondered

42. A. mother B. father C. brother D. sister

43. A. something B. nothing C. anything D. everything

44. A. camping B. boating C. fishing D. running

45. A. day B. month C. year D. weekend

46. A. different B. difficult C. disciplined D. dynamic

47. A. went away B. broke out  C. came about  D. took over

48. A. studying B. sailing C. singing D. speaking

49. A. charges B. entertains C. rewards D. credits

50. A. important B. promising C. interesting D. complex

51. A. circles B. habits  C. impressions  D. relationships

52. A. rough B. long  C. meaningful  D. productive

53. A. hardly B. nearly C. genuinely  D. accidentally

54. A. fisherman B. kid C. parent D. neighbor

55. A. dream B. expect C. witness  D. receive

第二节（共10题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）

阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The animated film Chang An has become a surprise hit, earning_56_impressive 600 million yuan at the box office of the Chinese mainland within just ten days of its release, It has appealed to audiences of all ages, who _57_（enthusiastie） recite poetry alongside the characters on screen. taking them on a fantastic journey. This film not only identifies with the Chinese people but also allows the world _58_（explore） the rich tradition of Tang poetry and the "Chinese Poetry Universe. "

The story centers around the deep friendship between poet Gao Shi and the romantic poet Li Bai offering a brief look into the glorious history of the Tang era, _59_is known for its economic prosperity and cultural advancement. The 48 Tang poems _60_（feature） in the movie present a view of the most excellent poets of that time as well as their political ambitions and ideals. These poems transport audiences_61_ sandy deserts to mist-filled regions along the Yangtze River.

Chang An is undoubtedly a masterpiece that shows the unique_62_（characteristic） of Chinese culture to the world. In China, poets and their poems_63_（consider） national treasures. These poems describe not only the historical changes of a dynasty, but also_64_（people） understanding of the world. The film has raised the audiences'_65_（aware） and enhanced their love and belief in Chinese culture.

第四部分 写作（共两节;满分40分）

第一节（满分15分）

假定你是李华, 你校交换生Kevin准备熬夜观看世界杯足球赛, 你认为这样做不合适、请你给Kevin写一封邮件, 内容包括：

1. 解释理由

2. 提出建议,

注意：

1. 写作词数应为80个左右；

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

参考词汇：世界杯 World Cup

Dear Kevin,

I hope this e-mail finds you well.

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

第二节（满分 25 分）

阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之成为一篇完整的短文。

Sandro was born and grew up in Milan. Until he was 13 years old, he never wanted to leave his hometown. But last year, Sandro's father's investment went bad, wiping out the family and sending his parents to prison. As a teenager under 16 years old, Sandro was forced to go to Newcastle in the northeast of England to stay with his uncle Lawrence.

Sandro had a lot of difficulties in the new environment. He didn't like the food in England. Nobody could forecast the weather in Newcastle. He had to start learning the second foreign language in his new school. Pocket money was not enough as usual. Almost every subject was a challenge for him. Most importantly, he had no friends. It seemed nobody knew him and he knew nobody in the school.

On an early summer evening, when Sandro was going home alone from school as usual, a man called him from behind. Sandro turned around and saw Eddie, his PE teacher, standing in front of him.

"You know, the school will have a swimming competition next month. There will be all kinds of races. Will you participate?" Eddie asked.

Sandro took a look at Eddie with doubt and answered, "You sure? Me? No. I won't. I can swim, but I'm slower than a snail. "

Eddie smiled and then said, "Yes. Indeed. You are, in breaststroke（蛙泳）, in backstroke, and in butterfly, but not in freestyle. So join the freestyle race! 200-meter freestyle is the game suitable for you. ”

Sandro was speechless at that moment. He had never known someone in the school was observing him and caring for him.

"I don't think I can win anything. ” Sandro was still a little puzzled.

"But you may get more recognition and consequently you can make some friends. That is more important than prizes. ” Eddie responded immediately.

Having hesitated for a while, Sandro agreed to have a try.

注意：

1. 续写词数应为150 左右；

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Every afternoon for the next month, Sandro trained really hard.

Sandro dived into the pool confidently like other competitors.