2023泰安高二下学期期末考试英语含解析

这是一份2023泰安高二下学期期末考试英语含解析，文件包含山东省泰安市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语解析docx、山东省泰安市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共39页， 欢迎下载使用。

高二年级考试
英语试题
注意事项:
1. 答卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时, 将答案写在答题卡上, 写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后, 将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。
第一部分听力(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the speakers do?
A. Go on working. B. Take a walk. C. Have some coffee.
2. What does the man remind the woman to take?
A. Sunglasses. B. A camera. C. A bathing suit.
3. How much is a pair of socks?
A. $2.50. B. $3.50. C. $5.
4. What is the man probably?
A. A singer. B. A host. C. A student.
5. Why did the woman have a haircut?
A. To beat the heat. B. To try a new style. C. To please her husband.
第二节(共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Colleagues. B. Husband and wife. C. Mother and son.
7. What is the woman going to do this weekend?
A. Work overtime. B. Have a barbecue. C. Visit her parents.
听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。
8. What does the man think of making videos?
A. Easy. B. Difficult. C. Boring.
9. What does the man plan to do in the future?
A. Work in a software company.
B. Write messages for videos.
C. Enter the music industry.
听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。
10. How long will the cycling holiday last?
A. 8 days. B. 10 days. C. 17 days.
11. Which meal should the woman pay extra for?
A. Breakfast. B. Lunch. C. Supper.
12. What can the woman do during the trip?
A. Take part in a cycling race. B. Tour the city center. C. Visit a farm.
听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。
13. When will the concert begin?
A. At 7:45 pm. B. At 8:00 pm. C. At 8:15pm.
14. What is the conductor’s nationality?
A. Austrian. B. Italian. C. French.
15. Where did the speakers hear the second piece before?
A. In a film. B. In the Disneyland. C. Over the radio.
16. What does the woman want to get after the concert?
A. Photos. B. Posters. C. Signatures.
听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. Importance of parent-child relationship.
B. Parents’ views on a new course.
C. Household skills learned at school.
18. Where does Wong probably work?
A. In a hospital. B. In a school. C. In a restaurant.
19. Which grade is Lin’s child in?
A. Grade 2. B. Grade 6. C. Grade 8.
20 What did Hu say about household courses?
A. They make students feel stressed.
B. They help develop students’ interests.
C. They should be based on students’ choices.
第二部分阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
In the face of an ever-changing world, how can young people get out of their own way and care for society and others? Committed to boosting the global youth, Global Youth Philanthropy (慈善事业) has launched the Youth Journalist club — Youth Voices, which will provide continuous training for young journalists and both online and offline interviews for our young journalists.
Review of the Youth Journalists Project
Last year, Global Youth Philanthropy launched the Youth Journalists Program. Under the guidance, these young journalists learned about news reporting, communication and developed writing skills. The young journalists conducted one-on-one interviews and group visits, during which they absorbed the nature of these wonderful life stories and experiences.
Overview of the Club
The club is open to middle and high school students as well as college students who are interested in interviewing and writing. The program introduces professional news communication and related theoretical learning through customized (定制的) project practice and field interview opportunities. Focusing on public welfare, the club provides members with in-depth interview opportunities for philanthropy projects.
Characteristics of the Club
· Move away from passive learning to project-based learning
· Accompanied and empowered by club advisers throughout the process
· Professional guidance and conversation coaching from industry experts
· Learn and share with members from different countries and regions, and cultivate an international perspective
· Guide competent young journalists to lead the establishment of local offline young reporters’ stations and provide offline activity reporting opportunities
The new “Youth Voices” Journalist club will be launched this year. We welcome young people from all over the world to participate in this project.
1. How does the Youth Journalist club help the young people?
A. By absorbing the nature of the wonderful world.
B. By receiving one-on-one interviews and group visits.
C. By providing continuous training both online and offline.
D. By improving their reporting, communication and writing skills.
2. What’s one of the characteristics of the club?
A. Diverse cultures can be learned and shared.
B. College students alone are accessible to the club.
C. Passive learning is adopted during the training.
D. The professional advisers are coaching the youth.
3. Why does the author write the article?
A. To innovate Global Youth Philanthropy.
B. To attract new members for Youth Voices.
C. To encourage caring for society and others.
D. To inspire the global young people to learn more.
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了全球青年慈善事业启动的青年记者俱乐部项目，提供了该项目的回顾、俱乐部概览和俱乐部特色等信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Review of the Youth Journalists Project部分中“Under the guidance, these young journalists learned about news reporting, communication and developed writing skills. (在指导下，这些青年记者学习了新闻报道、沟通和成熟的写作技巧。)”可知，青年记者俱乐部帮助年轻人提高他们的报道、沟通和写作技巧。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Characteristics of the Club的第三点“Professional guidance and conversation coaching from industry experts (来自行业专家的专业指导和对话辅导)
”可知，该俱乐部的特色之一是有专业顾问指导年轻人。故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，结合最后一段“The new “Youth Voices” Journalist club will be launched this year. We welcome young people from all over the world to participate in this project. (新的“青年之声”记者俱乐部将于今年成立。我们欢迎世界各地的年轻人参与到这个项目中来。)”可推知，作者写这篇文章介绍青年记者俱乐部项目是为了吸引新成员加入青年之声俱乐部。故选B项。
B
While attending a conference on campus last spring, Cecilia Miao, Fangdi Pan, and Mupe Niu took a quick look around the room. They couldn’t help but feel disillusioned with whom they saw — or rather, whom they didn’t see.
The conference was funded by the Wisconsin China Initiative, an effort housed in the Division of International Studies and created to, among other goals, strengthen ties between the University of Wisconsin (UW) and higher education institutions in China. Yet the three Chinese natives saw an absence of American-born students at the conference — a reminder of their first days, weeks, and months on campus. Back then, they had felt unwelcome and alone, struggling to adapt to life in Wisconsin.
The three recent graduates found their own approaches to fitting in, but they are now taking action to ease the transition (过渡) for future Chinese students. Motivated by their experience at last spring’s conference, they launched Channel C, a YouTube series of talk show videos that discusses cross-cultural concerns. Their goal was to tear down the social barrier between Chinese and American students at the UW — a wall, they say, that has been put up from accumulated disinterest and stereotyping (刻板印象) by both groups.
The show’s topics range from standards of beauty, to the secret of making conversations with different people, to the initial culture shock of the campus’s party. One video — “Why Don’t Chinese Students Speak English?” — has more than 100,000 views and 400 comments. Miao, Pan, and Niu say they never expected to reach such a large audience; they are receiving feedback from undergraduates across the nation, as well as younger Chinese students who aim to study in the United States.
“I’m just hoping students at the UW can be more sensitive towards someone with an entirely different background,” Miao says. “I think that’s the goal of liberal arts education (人文教育), anyway to be able to talk to and connect with people. And that’s our goal, too.”
4. What does the underlined word “disillusioned” mean in Paragraph 1?
A. Disappointed. B. Angry.
C. Impatient. D. Impressed.
5. What led Miao and her two friends to start Channel C?
A. Their competence in cooperation with others.
B. Their participation in last year’s conference.
C. Their successful adapt action to life at the UW.
D. Their support for the Wisconsin China Initiative.
6. Which of the following best describes Channel C?
A. Creative. B. Inspiring.
C. Ambitious. D. Successful.
7. How can the social barrier be torn down according to Miao?
A. By receiving liberal arts education. B. By improving their language skills.
C. By reaching out with an open mind. D. By following the talk show Channel.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了受到一次参加会议的经历的激励，威斯康星大学的三位留学生开播脱口秀Channel C，讲述文化差异与留学生活，希望打破这种无形的社会障碍。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段中“They couldn’t help but feel disillusioned with whom they saw — or rather, whom they didn’t see. (他们不禁对他们看到的人感到……——或者更确切地说，对他们没有看到的人感到……。)”和第二段中“Yet the three Chinese natives saw an absence of American-born students at the conference — a reminder of their first days, weeks, and months on campus. Back then, they had felt unwelcome and alone, struggling to adapt to life in Wisconsin. (然而，这三位土生土长的中国学生却在会议上没看到了美国出生的学生的出席——这让他们想起了刚到校园的那几天、几周、几个月。当时，他们感到不受欢迎和孤独，努力适应威斯康星大学的生活。)”可知，当时三人看到没有美国出生的学生出席会议，回想起入学时不受欢迎和孤独的经历。由此推知，当时她们感到失望，disillusioned意为“失望的”。故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Motivated by their experience at last spring’s conference, they launched Channel C, a YouTube series of talk show videos that discusses cross-cultural concerns. (受去年春季会议经验的激励，他们在YouTube上推出了Channel C，这是一个讨论跨文化问题的脱口秀视频系列。)”可知，参加去年会议的经历让苗和两位同学推出Channel C。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“One video — “Why Don’t Chinese Students Speak English?” — has more than 100,000 views and 400 comments. Miao, Pan, and Niu say they never expected to reach such a large audience; they
are receiving feedback from undergraduates across the nation, as well as younger Chinese students who aim to study in the United States. (一个视频——“为什么中国学生不说英语？”点击量超过10万次，留言400条。苗、潘和牛说，他们从来没有想到会有这么多的观众；他们收到了来自全国各地的本科生以及打算赴美留学的年轻中国学生的反馈。)”可知，Channel C的系列视频受到了关注，得到了很多的反馈。因此，Channel C可以说是成功的。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段苗说的话“I’m just hoping students at the UW can be more sensitive towards someone with an entirely different background (我只是希望威斯康星大学的学生能对一个有着完全不同背景的人更敏感)”和“I think that’s the goal of liberal arts education (人文教育), anyway to be able to talk to and connect with people. And that’s our goal, too. (我认为这就是人文教育的目标，无论如何，能够与人交谈，与人交流。这也是我们的目标。)”可知，她认为变得对有不同背景的人敏感、能与人交流才能打破社会障碍。由此推知，打破社会障碍需要用开放的心态去接触人。故选C项。
C
International airline Emirates says it successfully flew a Boeing 777 on a test flight with one engine running on a mixture of “sustainable” fuel.
The test flight took place Monday and lasted about an hour. “The plane took off from Dubai International Airport and then headed out into the Persian Gulf before returning to the airport. It was powered by two General Electric engines. One ran on the sustainable mixture. The other was powered by traditional airplane fuel to ensure safety. Emirates’ chief operating officer, Adel al-Redha, called the flight “a milestone moment for Emirates and a positive step for our industry”. The flight demonstrated the airline’s desire to deal with one of the industry’s biggest problems, carbon pollution releases related to air travel.
The mixture included fuel provided by Neste, a Finnish company, and US-based fuel maker Virent. Virent says it uses plant-based sugars to make the compounds needed for sustainable jet fuel. Neste’s fuel is made from vegetable oils and animal fats. Those fuels cut the release of heat — trapping carbon dioxide burned off by engines in flight. Airline flights release only one-sixth the amount of carbon dioxide produced by cars and trucks, the Washington-based World Resources Institute reports. However, airplanes are used by far fewer people per day than road vehicles. This means flying has a higher per-capita (人均) release of carbon emissions. But experts have noted that fuels considered sustainable can be three times or more the cost of traditional jet fuel. This added cost is likely to be passed onto flyers if sustainable fuels became more commonly used across the industry.
Airplane and engine manufacturers have been designing more environmentally-friendly versions in recent years. The general goal is to produce less-polluting engines to reduce fuel emissions in an effort to help limit the effects of
climate change.
8. What do we know about the test flight?
A. Both engines ran on sustainable fuel. B. One engine was powered by electricity.
C. One engine ran on traditional fuel. D. Both engines were powered by electricity.
9. What can we infer from Paragraph 3?
A. The price of “sustainable” fuel plane tickets will be higher.
B. Airline flights release more carbon dioxide than cars and trucks.
C. Flying has the same release of carbon emissions as cars and trucks.
D. Airplanes are used by much fewer people than road vehicles.
10. What is the purpose to produce less-polluting planes?
A. To reduce the cost of flights. B. To deal with air pollution.
C. To help control climate change. D. To create a milestone.
11. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A. Education. B. Technology.
C. Entertainment. D. Science.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报导了国际航空公司阿联酋航空成功地试飞了一架波音777飞机，其中一个引擎使用了“可持续”燃料的混合物。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“One ran on the sustainable mixture. The other was powered by traditional airplane fuel to ensure safety. (一个引擎靠可持续混合物运转。另一个由传统的飞机燃料提供动力，以确保安全。)”可知，这次试飞其中一个引擎使用的是传统燃料。故选C项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“But experts have noted that fuels considered sustainable can be three times or more the cost of traditional jet fuel. This added cost is likely to be passed onto flyers if sustainable fuels became more commonly used across the industry. (但专家指出，可持续燃料的成本可能是传统航空燃料的三倍甚至更多。如果可持续燃料在整个行业中得到更广泛的使用，这些额外的成本可能会转嫁到乘客身上。)”可知，可持续燃料的成本更高，未来如果使用的话，额外的成本将由乘客承担。由此推知，“可持续”燃料机票的价格将会更高。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The general goal is to produce less-polluting engines to reduce fuel emissions in an effort to help limit the effects of climate change. (总体目标是生产污染更少的发动机，以减少燃料排放，以帮助限制气候变化的影响。)”可知，生产低污染飞机的目的是帮助控制气候变化。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章报导了国际航空公司阿联酋航空成功地试飞了一架波音777飞机，其中一个引擎使用了“可持续”燃料的混合物这一事件，具体介绍了使用“可持续”燃料的混合物的情况、原因和意义。因此，文章属于“可持续”燃料相关的技术领域，可能出现在报纸的技术栏。故选B项。
D
The quote “Travel far enough, you meet yourself.” by English author David Mitchell may seem cryptic (含义隐晦的) and silly to many. But if you reflect on the meaning of this statement there’s actually something very deep about it.
The more experiences you have in life, the more you will find yourself diverging out (分歧) into new and different places, both physically and mentally. If you travel far enough, you will eventually find yourself back at the same place you started from, but your mind will be stretched by all of your journeys along the way. There are a few different ways we can interpret a phrase like travelling far enough. If you think about it literally, there is probably some amount of distance that we need to go. In doing so when we get to our destination, we will see everything with new eyes.
We may be surprised by what we see and change our outlook on life. This interpretation could apply to how people interact in their everyday lives. People have prejudices stereotypes (刻板印象) and judgments towards other people based on where they live or grew up. When we travel outside those communities or countries, we learn to appreciate those differences rather than hold them against others.
Another interpretation is one that focuses on feeling confident and comfortable with ourselves while being far away from where we normally hang out and spend time, at home or work. It’s easy to get on a track where we see our habits and routine as comforting. But it’s important that we push our boundaries if we are ever going to make any kind of progress in life.
So take a leap into unknown territory. Explore places that you haven’t been to before. You can change your viewpoint and gain some perspective on who you are as a person.
12. What does the author think of “Travel far enough, you meet yourself.”?
A. Stupid. B. Confusing.
C. Negotiable. D. Logical.
13. What can be concluded from the literal sense of the quote?
A. Travelling can make us more open.
B. We can discover true selves in travelling.
C. Travelling far enough changes who we are.
D. We should avoid judging others while travelling.
14. What should we do to make progress in life according to Paragraph 4?
A. Travel to far places. B. Expand our comfort zone.
C. Focus on positive feelings. D. Quit old habits and routines.
15. What might be the best title for the text?
A. How Can We Walk Out of Our Comfort Zone?
B. How Do We Change Our Mindset and Feel Comfortable?
C What Does Travelling Alone Teach Us About Ourselves?
D. What Does “Travel Far Enough You Meet Yourself” Mean?
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章解读了作家David Mitchell的一句名言，认为旅行可以改变我们对生活的看法，抛弃固有的偏见，懂得欣赏差异，旅行还可以让我们放弃旧的习惯和常规，突破自己的界限，取得生活上的进步，因此作者鼓励我们去探索未知的领域。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“But if you reflect on the meaning of this statement there’s actually something very deep about it. (但如果你仔细思考这句话的含义，就会发现它其实有很深的含义)”可知，作者认为这句名言实际上有很深的含义。由此可知，作者认为它是合情合理的。故选D项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“If you think about it literally, there is probably some amount of distance that we need to go. In doing so when we get to our destination, we will see everything with new eyes. (如果你从字面上考虑，我们可能需要走一段距离。这样，当我们到达目的地时，我们会用新的目光看待一切)”可知，字面意义上去理解这句名言，旅行会让我们用新目光看待事物。由此可知，旅行可以使我们更加开放。故选A项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“It’s easy to get on a track where we see our habits and routine as comforting. But it’s important that we push our boundaries if we are ever going to make any kind of progress in life. (
我们很容易将自己的习惯和常规视为舒适的。但是，如果我们想在生活中取得任何进步，我们就必须突破自己的界限)”可知，想要在生活中取得进步，我们应该突破界限，抛弃旧的习惯和常规。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章围绕作家David Mitchell的一句名言展开，具体分析了两种解读，一种认为旅行可以改变我们对生活的看法，抛弃固有的偏见，懂得欣赏差异；另一种认为旅行可以让我们放弃旧的习惯和常规，突破自己的界限，取得生活上的进步，由此作者鼓励我们去探索未知的领域。因此，D项“‘走得足够远，你会见到自己’是什么意思？”突出了主题，符合文章大意，适合作为标题。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Habits can greatly alter our mood. While we should always minimize our bad habits, it might be a good idea to focus on developing some healthy ones first. Here are some habits that keep you mentally happy.
Practice gratitude.
Are you grateful for what you have? ___16___ If your answer is, not often, then you should reconsider practicing gratitude. Why? One study found that practicing gratitude has a strong impact on our feelings of hope and happiness.
Give compliments (赞美).
Did you know that paying someone a compliment can really pay off? In one study, participants were randomly assigned to perform acts of kindness or no act every day for 10 days. Researchers measured their satisfaction with life before the experiment was conducted, and then after. Performing acts of kindness resulted in an increase in overall life satisfaction. ___17___ In fact, it will make you both happy.
Exercise.
Continuous exercise has been shown to reduce stress, anxiety, and symptoms of depression. So, it’s a god habit to practice. ___18___ Then when that becomes a habit, add an extra five minutes. Continue doing so until you feel comfortable.
Get enough sleep.
___19___ Did you know that lack for sleep kills brain cells? And not getting enough sleep can damage our memory, judgment, and reaction time. That’s why it’s best to get an adequate amount of rest each night.
Experience nature.
According to one study, spending 30 minutes or more per week outside in nature can help lower your blood pressure and depression. ___20___ Those who walked down city streets didn’t show any benefits compared to those who walked in a natural environment.
A. How often do you express it?
B. A compliment never hurts anyone.
C. Or are you sorry for what you have?
D. So you’d better have a walk after dinner.
E. Sleep is extremely important to our mental health.
F. Start with just five minutes a day when you wake up.
G. Make sure to take your walks outside in nature, though.
【答案】16. A 17. B 18. F 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了值得培养的让人精神愉悦的习惯。
【16题详解】
前文“Are you grateful for what you have? (你感激你所拥有的吗？)”提出是否感激的问题，后文“If your answer is, not often, then you should reconsider practicing gratitude. (如果你的答案是，不经常，那么你应该重新考虑践行感恩。)”针对不经常的答案提出建议，A项“How often do you express it? (你多久表达一次？)”符合语境，提出感激的频率的问题，承接前文是否的问题，引出后文不经常的答案和建议，其中的How often和后文的not often呼应。故选A。
【17题详解】
前文“Performing acts of kindness resulted in an increase in overall life satisfaction. (做善意的事会提高整体生活满意度。)”说明做善意的事对自己的好处，后文“In fact, it will make you both happy. (事实上，这会让你们俩都很开心。)”总结做善意的事对彼此都好，B项“A compliment never hurts anyone. (赞美不会伤害任何人。)”符合语境，说明赞美对他人的好处，承接前文，引出后文的总结。故选B。
【18题详解】
前文“Continuous exercise has been shown to reduce stress, anxiety, and symptoms of depression. So, it’s a god habit to practice. (持续的锻炼已被证明可以减轻压力、焦虑和抑郁症状。所以，锻炼这是一个很好的习惯。)”说明锻炼的好处，建议养成锻炼的习惯，后文“Then when that becomes a habit, add an extra five minutes. Continue doing so until you feel comfortable. (然后，当这成为一种习惯时，增加额外的五分钟。继续这样做，直到你感觉舒服为止。)”具体介绍如何锻炼，F项“Start with just five minutes a day when you wake up. (从每天醒来的五分钟开始。)”符合语境，提供如何开始锻炼的方法，承接前文的建议，衔接后文的步骤，其中的just five minutes与后文的an extra five minutes呼应。故选F。
【19题详解】
空处位于段首，需引出段落内容。后文“Did you know that lack for sleep kills brain cells? And not getting enough sleep can damage our memory, judgment, and reaction time. (
你知道睡眠不足会杀死脑细胞吗？睡眠不足会损害我们的记忆力、判断力和反应时间。)”说明睡眠不足的危害，E项“Sleep is extremely important to our mental health. (睡眠对我们的心理健康非常重要。)”符合语境，强调睡眠的重要性，引出后文的危害。故选E。
【20题详解】
前文“According to one study, spending 30 minutes or more per week outside in nature can help lower your blood pressure and depression. (根据一项研究，每周花30分钟或更多的时间在大自然中可以帮助你降低血压和抑郁。)”说明花时间在自然中的好处，后文“Those who walked down city streets didn’t show any benefits compared to those who walked in a natural environment. (与那些在自然环境中散步的人相比，那些在城市街道上散步的人并没有表现出任何好处。)”提醒在城市街道上散步没有好处，G项“Make sure to take your walks outside in nature, though. (不过，一定要在大自然中散步。)”符合语境，建议在大自然中散步，承接前文的好处，衔接后文的提醒。故选G。
第三部分语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Years ago I worked for homeless people. A young man made us very ___21___. He had no one in his life. His mother ___22___ and his father was life in prison for murder.
When working with homeless people, you often hear ___23___ of this story: no love; a wound so deep that nothing can ___24___ it. But this wasn’t enough, he also had schizophrenia (精神分裂症), so I saw him as an emergency.
I asked him directly if he had been ___25___ killing himself. “Every day,” he said. “Wouldn’t you if you were me?” I asked him if he had made plans. He ___26___ his head. “I couldn’t do it to Becky,” he said. I was ___27___. I’d thought he was totally alone. “She’d be ___28___ for me. She’s the only ___29___ I keep going,” he explained. It ____30____ that Becky was just a commuter (通勤者) who, on her way home from work every day, stopped and spoke to him. She would often buy him a coffee or sandwich. She ____31____ failed to stop and it was a fixture in his day. It was a tiny ____32____.
For her, it was a(n) ____33____ event in her day. Yet for him, it ____34____ so much. She had given a young man a reason to keep on living. While it might not make ____35____, sometimes it’s the small, simple acts of kindness that can make all the difference.
21. A. depressed B. worried C. embarrassed D. disappointed
22. A. went away B. ran out C. died out D. passed away
23. A. versions B. creations C. adaptions D. collections
24. A. close B. ignore C. clean D. heal
25. A. escaping B. quitting C. considering D. risking
26. A. shook B. nodded C. patted D. touched
27. A. discouraged B. confused C. frightened D. moved
28. A. regretful B. heartbroken C. helpless D. curious
29. A. answer B. excuse C. reason D. explanation
30. A. turned out B. came out C. figured out D. worked out
31. A. even B. always C. frequently D. never
32. A. gesture B. idea C. concept D. signal
33. A. special B. particular C. insignificant D. unusual
34. A. mattered B. remained C. sounded D. cost
35. A. sense B. headlines C. progress D. profit
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在为无家可归者服务的过程中遇到一位境遇糟糕、生活失去意义的年轻人，虽然他甚至想过自杀，但是因为一位陌生人小小的善举，他并没有这样做。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个年轻人让我们很担心。A. depressed抑郁的；B. worried担心的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. disappointed失望的。根据下文“He had no one in his life. His mother ___2___ and his father was life in prison for murder.”可知，这个年轻人的境遇非常糟糕，因此会让作者他们很担心。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他的母亲去世了，他的父亲因谋杀被判终身监禁。A. went away走开；B. ran out用完；C. died out消亡；D. passed away去世。根据上文“He had no one in his life.”可知，这个年轻人的生活中没有一个人，因此他的母亲应该是去世了。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你和无家可归的人一起工作时，你经常听到这个故事的不同版本：没有爱，一个深得无法治愈的伤口。A. versions版本；B. creations作品；C. adaptions改编本；D. collections收藏品。根据下文“of this story”和常识可推知，无家可归者的故事会有各种版本。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你和无家可归的人一起工作时，你经常听到这个故事的不同版本：没有爱；一个深得无法治愈的伤口。A. close关闭；B. ignore忽略；C. clean清洁；D. heal治愈。根据上文“a wound
so deep”可知，伤口非常深，因此应该是无法被治愈。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我直接问他是否考虑过自杀。A. escaping逃跑；B. quitting放弃；C. considering考虑；D. risking冒险。根据下文“killing himself”和“I asked him if he had made plans.”可推知，此处作者是在问这个年轻人是否考虑过自杀，后面又问他是否制定了自杀的计划。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他摇了摇头。A. shook摇头；B. nodded点头；C. patted轻拍；D. touched抚摸。根据下文“I couldn’t do it to Becky”可知，这个年轻人回答自己不能这样对Becky，因此是摇头给出否定答案。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很困惑。A. discouraged气馁的；B. confused困惑的；C. frightened受惊的；D. moved感动的。根据下文“I’d thought he was totally alone.”可知，作者原以为这个年轻人是孤身一人，但现在他的回答里提到了Becky，因此作者会感到困惑。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她会为我伤心的。A. regretful后悔的；B. heartbroken伤心的；C. helpless无助的；D. curious好奇的。根据上文“I couldn’t do it to Becky”可知，这个年轻人回答自己不能这样对Becky，因此应该是觉得如果自杀的话，Becky会为自己感到伤心。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她是我坚持下去的唯一理由。A. answer回答；B. excuse借口；C. reason理由；D. explanation解释。根据下文“She had given a young man a reason to keep on living.”可知，Becky是这个年轻人坚持活下去的唯一理由。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：Becky结果只是一个通勤者，每天下班回家的路上，她都会停下来和他说话。A. turned out结果是；B. came out出来；C. figured out弄清楚；D. worked out解决。根据下文“that Becky was just a commuter (通勤者)”可推知，turned out“结果是”符合语境，构成固定句型It turns out that…，意为“结果是……，证明是……”，用于揭示或证实某个事实或情况的内容，表示作者证实了Becky的身份，Becky结果只是一个通勤者。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她总是停下来，这在他的一天里是固定的。A. even甚至；B. always总是；C. frequently经常；D. never从没有。根据下文“it was a fixture in his day”可知，Becky每天停下来和这个年轻人说话成了固定的事情，因此她从没有不停下来过，即总是停下来。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个小小的举动。A. gesture举动；B. idea想法；C. concept概念；D. signal信号。根据下文“it’s the small, simple acts of kindness”可知，Becky每天停下来和这个年轻人说话是一个小小的举动。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对她来说，这是她一天中微不足道的一件事。A. special特别的；B. particular特别的；C. insignificant微不足道的；D. unusual异常的。根据下文“it’s the small, simple acts of kindness”可知，此处强调这些事情对于Becky来说实际上微不足道。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但对他来说，这太重要了。A. mattered重要；B. remained留下；C. sounded听起来；D. cost花费。根据下文“She had given a young man a reason to keep on living.”可知，Becky给了这个年轻人继续活下去的理由，因此这对他来说非常重要。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这可能不会成为头条新闻，但有时候，小小的、简单的善举就能改变一切。A. sense道理；B. headlines头条新闻；C. progress进展；D. profit利润。根据上文“While”和下文“sometimes it’s the small, simple acts of kindness that can make all the difference”可推知，headlines“头条新闻”符合语境，构成固定短语make headlines，意为“成为头条新闻”，指某人或某事引起广泛关注，表示Becky所做的给了这个年轻人继续活下去的理由可能不会引起广泛关注，从而强调这个善举的确可以改变一切。故选B。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Austria’s Vorarlberg is a pioneer in sustainable design, ___36___(attract) lots of architects and curious visitors who draw inspiration from its breathtaking buildings.
Communities in the westernmost state of the Alpine country ___37___(choose) beauty, comfort and a careful use of resources since the 1960s. There is a ___38___(prefer) for local building materials: white pine and earth replace concrete whenever possible. Architecture in Vorarlberg is described as the clear, compact and functional design, ___39___ it does not cut corners on aesthetics (美学). As well as architects, the carpenters and craftspeople in Vorarlberg enjoy great international recognition and ___40___(be) in high demand.
Economy is a guiding principle of the “Vorarlberg school”, ___41___ does not prevent them from using prefabricated (预制的) parts ___42___(reduce) costs — and prioritizes (优先) energy efficiency. A lot of houses ___43___(build) to “passive house” standards, which stand for buildings with minimal energy needs due to perfected insulation (绝缘), specific ventilation (通风), and the equipment of solar panels and heat pumps.
“___44___ I’m most proud of is that people are united by a common sense,” said Arnold Hirschbuehl, a former mayor of Krumbach who championed the architecture. He praised the way people used “resources in ____45____ most sustainable way possible, while staying true to themselves”.
【答案】36. attracting
37. have chosen
38. preference
39. but 40. are
41. which 42. to reduce
43. are built
44. What 45. the
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了知名的奥地利的福拉尔贝格的建筑，包括其特点、风格和优点等信息。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：奥地利的福拉尔贝格是可持续设计的先驱，吸引了许多建筑师和好奇的游客，他们从其令人惊叹的建筑中汲取灵感。分析句子可知，空处作句子的伴随状语，attract和Austria’s Vorarlberg逻辑上是主动关系，应用attract的现在分词形式attracting。故填attracting。
【37题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自20世纪60年代以来，这个阿尔卑斯山国家最西部的社区一直选择美观、舒适和谨慎利用资源。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，时间状语为since the 1960s，句子应用现在完成时，且主语Communities为复数，助动词用have。故填have chosen。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：受青睐的是本地的建筑材料：尽可能用白松和泥土代替混凝土。分析句子可知，空前有a，空处作句子的主语，prefer的名词形式preference符合题意，意为“偏爱，偏好”。故填preference。
【39题详解】
考查连词。句意：福拉尔贝格的建筑被描述为清晰、简洁和功能性的设计，但它并没有在美学上偷工减料。上一句表示“福拉尔贝格的建筑被描述为清晰、简洁和功能性的设计”，下一句表示“它并没有在美学上偷工减料”，上下文语义构成转折，空处应用意为“但是”的并列连词but，连接前后两个简单句。故填but。
40题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：与建筑师一样，福拉尔贝格的木匠和工匠也享有很高的国际知名度，需求量很大。分析句子可知，空处和enjoy并列，作句子的谓语，时态也应用一般现在时，且主语是复数名词，be
动词应用are。故填are。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：经济性是“福拉尔贝格学派”的指导原则，这并不妨碍他们使用预制件来降低成本，并优先考虑能源效率。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，对前面的句子作补充说明，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which作引导词。故填which。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：经济性是“福拉尔贝格学派”的指导原则，这并不妨碍他们使用预制件来降低成本，并优先考虑能源效率。分析句子可知，空处作从句的目的状语，reduce和them逻辑上是主动关系，应用reduce的不定式形式to reduce。故填to reduce。
【43题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：许多房屋都是按照“被动式房屋”标准建造的，即得益于完善的隔热、特定的通风以及太阳能电池板和热泵设备，能源需求最低的建筑。分析句子可知，空处作主句的谓语，句子在描述一般性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，build和主语houses之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语是复数名词，be动词应用are。故填are built。
【44题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：“我最自豪的是，人们由一种共识团结起来，”克伦巴赫的前市长Arnold Hirschbuehl说，他是该建筑的支持者。分析句子可知，空处引导名词性从句作整个句子的主语，主语从句缺少宾语，结合句意可知，宾语指物，应用连接代词what作引导词，且空处位于句首，首字母应大写。故填What。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：他赞扬了人们“以最可持续的方式利用资源，同时忠于自己”的方式。根据“most sustainable way”和句意可知，此处表示“最可持续的方式”，空处应用定冠词the，构成“the+形容词最高级”的固定表达。故填the。
第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是学生会主席李华。下周学校要举办“校园文化周”。你校外教Smith对中国的传统文化很感兴趣，请你写封邮件，邀请他来体验编织（weaving）艺术，内容要点如下：
1. 提出邀请；
2. 说明活动的内容；
3. 期待对方的回复。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
Dear Smith,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Smith,
Knowing your interest in Chinese traditional culture, I would like to invite you to participate in our upcoming “Campus Culture Week” event and experience the art of weaving.
During the Culture Week, we will be organizing various activities aimed at showcasing different aspects of Chinese traditions. One of the highlights will be an interactive workshop on the weaving art. Participants will have the opportunity to learn about the rich history and techniques of weaving, as well as try their hand at creating their own woven artwork, which aims to foster appreciation for our unique traditions.
We believe that your presence would not only inspire our students but also provide them with a valuable cross-cultural experience. Looking forward to your positive reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求考生写邮件邀请外教Smith参与“校园文化周”活动，体验编织艺术，需要提出邀请，说明活动的内容，并表达期待对方的回复。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
即将到来的：upcoming→approaching, forthcoming, nearing
各种各样的：various→a range of, different kinds of
旨在：be aimed at→aim to, be intended to, be designed to, be meant to
展示：showcase→show, display, demonstrate
激励：inspire→encourage, motivate
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Knowing your interest in Chinese traditional culture, I would like to invite you to participate in our upcoming “Campus Culture Week” event and experience the art of weaving.
拓展句：Knowing that you are interested in Chinese traditional culture, I would like to invite you to participate in our upcoming “Campus Culture Week” event and experience the art of weaving.
【点睛】[高分句型1] During the Culture Week, we will be organizing various activities aimed at showcasing different aspects of Chinese traditions. (运用了过去分词短语aimed at…作activities的后置定语、动名词短语showcasing…作at的宾语)
[高分句型2] Participants will have the opportunity to learn about the rich history and techniques of weaving, as well as try their hand at creating their own woven artwork, which aims to foster appreciation for our unique traditions. (运用了关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型3] We believe that your presence would not only inspire our students but also provide them with a valuable cross-cultural experience. (运用了连接词that引导名词性从句作believe的宾语)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a beautiful sunny day when Martin went out into the backyard. It would have been a perfect day to play. But Martin wasn’t out there to play.
His mother had sent him out there so that he could practice the flute (长笛). When she had bought him the expensive flute, he had promised to practice at least thirty minutes every day. But it can be difficult to concentrate or something as unexciting as a flute when your room is full of cool stuff like a TV, video games and the Internet. So Martin’s mother sent him to the backyard to practice, where there would be no distractions (使人分心的事物).
Martin sat down on the grass and brought the flute to his lips. He began doing his fingering exercises with his eyes closed. You have to close your eyes when you want to concentrate on stuff. Anyway, he played for a good forty or fifty seconds before he heard a familiar sound: “Hey, Martin!”
He looked in the direction of the voice and saw the face of his friend, his next-door neighbor Kris, who was smiling at him from the fence which separated their yards.
“I just got a new movie!” he said. “Want to come over and check it out?”
Well, that was exactly what Martin wanted to do. He loved movies but he shook his head and said sorry. Kris seemed disappointed that Martin had said no. But he also understood that Martin had to practice a lot when he was learning a musical instrument. So he left and watched the film by himself.
Martin was alone with his flute. He closed his eyes and started his fingering exercises again. But he couldn’t
concentrate. His father was a scientist. Martin had been to his lab many times. He couldn’t understand why his father could concentrate on his researches for so long a time. When he was thinking, his father came over.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: With a smile on his face, his father sat beside Martin, which made the young boy a little nervous.
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Paragraph 2: Martin felt ashamed and then he nodded, saying he hoped to be a flute performer.
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【答案】

With a smile on his face, his father sat beside Martin, which made the young boy a little nervous. He was afraid that his father would blame him and thought he didn’t do well enough. But he mustered his courage to ask his father, “Dad, why can you focus your attention on your researches for that long?” Gently patting him on the shoulder, his father answered, “Easy. Interest. Dream. I hope to find a new world by researching. When I was young like you, I knew I would be a scientist. And I believe interest makes me concentrate. Would you like to be a good flute player?”
Martin felt ashamed and then he nodded, saying he hoped to be a flute performer. Yes, actually, it was he who was so interested in the flute that he asked his mother to buy one. Of course, he should devote himself to the flute to get himself improved. Concentrating on his interest and making efforts to realize his dream to become a good flute player undoubtedly are his top priorities. Thinking of this, he smiled and began to set his mind to his flute. So lost
in the playing was he that he forgot about the time. Thirty minutes passed in a flash. At that time, Martin realized that while there are many things making people absent-minded, the love of our dreams can make a difference.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了文章主要讲述了一个名叫Martin的孩子在后院练习长笛。他的母亲为他买了一个昂贵的长笛，要求他每天至少练习30分钟。然而，在充满诸如电视、视频游戏和互联网等诱惑的房间里，专心练习长笛是一件很困难的事。之后，Martin又开始纠结为什么无法像他的科学家父亲那样长时间地集中注意力。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“父亲面带微笑坐在Martin身边，这让小男孩有点紧张。”可知，第一段可描写Martin的父亲帮助他解决困惑并开导他。
②由第二段首句内容“Martin感到很惭愧，然后点了点头，说他希望成为一名长笛演奏家。”可知，第二段可描写Martin明白的道理以及发生的转变。
2.续写线索：父亲宽慰和开导——Martin发生转变——认真练习——沉浸音乐——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①鼓起勇气：muster one’s courage /take heart of grace
②.集中：focus on/concentrate on
③.实现梦想：realize the dream/make the dream come true
情绪类
①.轻轻地拍着：gently pat/softly pat
②.微笑：smile /beam with delight
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Gently patting him on the shoulder, his father answered.（使用现在分词作伴随状语）
[高分句型2]. Yes, actually, it was he who was so interested in the flute that he asked his mother to buy one.（运用强调句结构）